Index: palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/atmosphere_ocean_coupling.tex
===================================================================
--- palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/atmosphere_ocean_coupling.tex	(revision 1080)
+++ palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/atmosphere_ocean_coupling.tex	(revision 1080)
@@ -0,0 +1,794 @@
+%$Id$
+\input{header_tmp.tex}
+%\input{../header_lectures.tex}
+
+%\documentclass{beamer}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{ngerman}
+\usepackage{pgf}
+\usetheme{Dresden}
+\usepackage{subfigure}
+\usepackage{units}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{multimedia}
+\newcommand{\event}[1]{\newcommand{\eventname}{#1}}
+\usepackage{xmpmulti}
+\usepackage{tikz}
+\usepackage{pdfcomment}
+\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,positioning,decorations.pathmorphing,decorations.pathreplacing}
+\def\Tiny{\fontsize{4pt}{4pt}\selectfont}
+\usepackage{listings}
+\lstset{language=[90]Fortran,
+  basicstyle=\ttfamily \tiny,
+  keywordstyle=\color{black},
+  commentstyle=\color{black},
+  morecomment=[l]{!\ }% Comment only with space after !
+}
+
+
+\institute{Institut fÃŒr Meteorologie und Klimatologie, Leibniz UniversitÃ€t Hannover}
+\date{last update: \today}
+\event{PALM Seminar}
+\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
+
+\setbeamertemplate{footline}
+  {%
+    \begin{beamercolorbox}[rightskip=-0.1cm]&
+     {\includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{imuk_logo.pdf}\hfill \includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{luh_logo.pdf}}
+    \end{beamercolorbox}
+    \begin{beamercolorbox}[ht=2.5ex,dp=1.125ex,%
+      leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=0.3cm plus1fil]{title in head/foot}%
+      {\leavevmode{\usebeamerfont{author in head/foot}\insertshortauthor} \hfill \eventname \hfill \insertframenumber \; / \inserttotalframenumber}%
+    \end{beamercolorbox}%
+%    \begin{beamercolorbox}[colsep=1.5pt]{lower separation line foot}%
+%    \end{beamercolorbox}
+  }
+%\logo{\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{luhimuk_logo.png}}
+
+\title[PALM Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling]{PALM Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling}
+\author{Siegfried Raasch}
+
+
+% Notes:
+% jede subsection bekommt einen punkt im menu (vertikal ausgerichtet.
+% jeder frame in einer subsection bekommt einen punkt (horizontal ausgerichtet)
+\begin{document}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\titlepage
+\end{frame}
+
+\section{PALM Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling}
+\subsection{PALM Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling}
+
+%Folie 01
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling - General Method}
+
+   \tikzstyle{white} = [rectangle, text width=0.46\textwidth, font=\normalsize]
+   \tikzstyle{grid} = [rectangle, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{w} = [rectangle, draw, color=green, fill=green!50, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{u} = [circle, draw, color=gray, fill=gray!50, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{scalar} = [diamond, draw, color=red, fill=red!50, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -]
+   
+   \tikzstyle{label} = [rectangle, font=\tiny, minimum size=8pt]
+   \tikzstyle{2dtextbox} = [rectangle, align=center, fill=white!100, text width=0.42\textwidth, minimum size=35pt, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{plotpoint} = [circle, draw, color=black, fill=black!100, minimum size=2pt]
+
+   \begin{tikzpicture}[auto, node distance=0,inner sep=0mm,>=latex', edge from parent path=
+   {(\tikzparentnode.south) .. controls +(-0.2,0) and +(0.2,0) .. (\tikzchildnode.west)}]
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [white] (itemize) {
+         \begin{small}
+         \begin{itemize}
+            \item<2->{\textcolor{blue}{atmosphere to ocean} coupling through Prandtl- Monin-Obukhov sublayer \mbox{(constant flux layer)}}
+            \item<7->{\textcolor{blue}{ocean to atmosphere} coupling through flux conservation}
+            \item<9->{variables implemented: momentum, heat, humidity/salinity}
+            \item<10->{\textcolor{red}{no precipitation effects}}
+            \item<11->{\textcolor{red}{wave effects at the interface are not regarded \mbox{($z_0 \sim u_{*}^{2}$ easy to implement)}}}
+         \end{itemize}
+         \end{small}
+
+      };}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.25cm of itemize] (grid11) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=1.0cm of grid11] (grid12) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=1.0cm of grid12] (grid13) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=1.0cm of grid13] (grid14) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=1.0cm of grid14] (grid15) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=1.0cm of grid15] (grid16) {};}
+
+      \uncover<6->{\node [grid, above=0.3cm of grid12] (eqgrid11) {};}
+      \uncover<6->{\node [grid, right=1.3cm of eqgrid11] (eqgrid12) {};}
+      \uncover<6->{\node [grid, right=1.3cm of eqgrid12] (eqgrid13) {};}
+%layer
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=1.0cm of grid11] (gridtoplayerleft) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=1.0cm of grid16] (gridtoplayerright) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=1.0cm of grid11] (gridwaterlayerleft) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=1.0cm of grid16] (gridwaterlayerright) {};}
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, dashed] (gridtoplayerleft.center) -- (gridtoplayerright.center);
+      \uncover<2->{\draw [decorate,decoration={coil,aspect=-0.3,amplitude=0.06cm}, color=blue] (gridwaterlayerleft.center) -- (gridwaterlayerright.center);}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.1cm of grid16] (grid17) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node[label, rotate=-90, above=-2pt of grid17] (gridlayerlabel) {Prandtl-layer}
+         child {node [grid, right=0cm of gridtoplayerright] {}}
+         child {node [grid, right=0cm of gridwaterlayerright] {}};}
+
+%path
+      \uncover<3->{\node [grid, above=1.3cm of grid12] (gridpathlefttopbase) {};}
+      \uncover<3->{\node [grid, left=0.8cm of gridpathlefttopbase] (gridpathlefttop) {};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [plotpoint, below=0.9cm of grid13] (gridpathleftbottom) {};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [plotpoint, below=0.9cm of grid14] (gridpathrightbottom) {};}
+      \uncover<3->{\node [grid, above=1.3cm of grid15] (gridpathrighttopbase) {};}
+      \uncover<3->{\node [grid, right=0.8cm of gridpathrighttopbase] (gridpathrighttop) {};}
+      
+      
+      \uncover<3->{\draw [color=red] (gridpathleftbottom) to [out=180,in=-85,looseness=1.6, relative=false] (gridpathlefttop) ;}
+      \uncover<3->{\draw (gridpathrightbottom) to [out=0,in=-95,looseness=1.0, relative=false] (gridpathrighttop) ;}
+      
+%label
+      \uncover<4->{\node [plotpoint, right=0.105cm of gridtoplayerleft] () {};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [plotpoint, left=0.115cm of gridtoplayerright] () {};}
+      
+      \uncover<4->{\node [label, right=0.1cm of gridpathlefttop] (gridpathlefttoplabel) {$\theta(z_p)$,$q(z_p)$};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [label, above=0.1cm of gridpathleftbottom] (gridpathleftbottomlabel) {$\theta(z_0)$,$q(z_0)=q_s$};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [label, right=1.1cm of gridpathrightbottom] (gridpathrightbottomlabelbase) {};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [label, above=-0.23cm of gridpathrightbottomlabelbase] (gridpathrightbottomlabel) {$u(z_0)=0$};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [label, right=0.05cm of gridpathrighttop] (gridpathrighttoplabel) {$u(z_p)$};}
+
+      \uncover<5->{\node [label, below=1.6cm of eqgrid12] (gridpathrightbottomoceanlabel) {$\:\theta(top)_{ocean}$};}
+      \uncover<5->{\node [label, left=-0.4cm of gridpathleftbottomlabel] (gridpathleftbottomlabelarrowbase) {};}
+      \uncover<5->{\draw [|->,color=red] (gridpathleftbottomlabelarrowbase.south) to [out=-90,in=180,looseness=1.4, relative=false] (gridpathrightbottomoceanlabel.west);}
+
+%math label
+
+      \uncover<6->{\node [label, below=0cm of eqgrid11] (eqtop11) {$\overline{w' \theta'}_{atm}$};}
+      \uncover<6->{\node [label, below=0cm of eqgrid12] (eqtop12) {$\overline{w' q'}_{atm}$};}
+      \uncover<6->{\node [label, below=0cm of eqgrid13] (eqtop13) {$\overline{w' u'}_{atm}$};}
+
+      \uncover<8->{\node [label, below=2.5cm of eqgrid11] (eqbottom11) {$\overline{w' \theta'}_{ocean}$};}
+      \uncover<8->{\node [label, below=2.5cm of eqgrid12] (eqbottom12) {$\overline{w' S'}$};}
+      \uncover<8->{\node [label, below=2.5cm of eqgrid13] (eqbottom13) {$\overline{w' u'}_{ocean}$};}
+
+      \uncover<8->{\draw [|->,color=green] (eqtop11.south) to (eqbottom11.north);}
+      \uncover<8->{\draw [|->,color=gray] (eqtop12.south) to (eqbottom12.north);}
+      \uncover<8->{\draw [|->,color=gray] (eqtop13.south) -- (eqbottom13.north);}
+      \uncover<8->{\node [label, left=-0.3cm of eqtop12] (eqtop12leftoffset) {};}
+      \uncover<8->{\draw [|->,color=green] (eqtop12leftoffset.south) to [out=-90,in=90,looseness=1.4, relative=false] (eqbottom11.north);}
+   \end{tikzpicture}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+%Folie 02
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling - Flux Equations}
+
+      \begin{small}
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<1->{ocean heat flux depends on atmospheric sensible AND latent heat flux (evaporation)\\
+            \begin{align*}
+              \overline{w' \theta'}_{ocean} = \frac{\rho_a}{\rho_w}\frac{c_p}{c_{p_w}}\left(\overline{w' \theta'}_{atm} + \frac{l_v}{c_p} \overline{w' q'}_{atm}   \right)
+            \end{align*}
+         }
+         \item<2->{increase of salinity due to evaporation by salinity flux (after Steinhorn, 1991: JPO)\\
+            \begin{align*}
+              \overline{w' S'}_{ocean} = - \frac{\rho_a}{\rho_w}\frac{S}{1-S}\overline{w' q'}_{atm}
+            \end{align*}
+         }
+         \item<3->{momentum\\
+            \begin{align*}
+              \overline{w' u'}_{ocean} = - \frac{\rho_a}{\rho_w}\overline{w' u'}_{atm}
+            \end{align*}
+         }
+      \end{itemize}
+      \end{small}
+\end{frame}
+
+%Folie 03
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling \\ Technical Realization (I)}
+
+   \tikzstyle{white} = [rectangle, text width=0.56\textwidth, font=\normalsize]
+   \tikzstyle{grid} = [rectangle, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{lightbluedot} = [circle, draw, color=black, fill=blue!10, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{darkbluedot} = [circle, draw, color=blue!10, fill=blue!90, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{blackdot} = [circle, draw, color=black, fill=black!100, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{scalar} = [diamond, draw, color=red, fill=red!50, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -]
+   
+   \tikzstyle{label} = [rectangle, font=\scriptsize, minimum size=8pt]
+   \tikzstyle{2dtextbox} = [rectangle, align=center, fill=white!100, text width=0.42\textwidth, minimum size=35pt, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{plotpoint} = [circle, draw, color=black, fill=black!100, minimum size=2pt]
+
+   \begin{tikzpicture}[auto, node distance=0,inner sep=0mm,>=latex', edge from parent path=
+   {(\tikzparentnode.south) .. controls +(-0.2,0) and +(0.2,0) .. (\tikzchildnode.west)}]
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [white] (itemize) {
+         \begin{small}
+         \begin{itemize}
+            \item<1->{so far, a 1-1 coupling is used}
+            \item<3->{boundary information is exchanged after given time intervals (120 s)}
+            \item<4->{before the coupling, each model can run seperately in order to allow for development of quasi- steady turbulence (different spin-up times in atmosphere and ocean)}
+         \end{itemize}
+         \end{small}
+
+      };}
+%grid6x base
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.75cm of itemize] (grid61base) {};}
+
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.4cm of grid61base] (grid61) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid61] (grid62) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid62] (grid63) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid63] (grid64) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid64] (grid65) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid65] (grid66) {};}
+
+%above grid6x
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.3cm of grid61] (grid51) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid51] (grid52) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid52] (grid53) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid53] (grid54) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid54] (grid55) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid55] (grid56) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.3cm of grid51] (grid41) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid41] (grid42) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid42] (grid43) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid43] (grid44) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid44] (grid45) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid45] (grid46) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.3cm of grid41] (grid31) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid31] (grid32) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid32] (grid33) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid33] (grid34) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid34] (grid35) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid35] (grid36) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.3cm of grid31] (grid21) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid21] (grid22) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid22] (grid23) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid23] (grid24) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid24] (grid25) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid25] (grid26) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.3cm of grid21] (grid11) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid11] (grid12) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid12] (grid13) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid13] (grid14) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid14] (grid15) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid15] (grid16) {};}
+      
+
+%below grid6x
+
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of grid61] (grid71) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid71] (grid72) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid72] (grid73) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid73] (grid74) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid74] (grid75) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid75] (grid76) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of grid71] (grid81) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid81] (grid82) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid82] (grid83) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid83] (grid84) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid84] (grid85) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid85] (grid86) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of grid81] (grid91) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid91] (grid92) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid92] (grid93) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid93] (grid94) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid94] (grid95) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid95] (grid96) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of grid91] (grid101) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid101] (grid102) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid102] (grid103) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid103] (grid104) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid104] (grid105) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid105] (grid106) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of grid101] (grid111) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid111] (grid112) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid112] (grid113) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid113] (grid114) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid114] (grid115) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of grid115] (grid116) {};}
+      
+%3D grid
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.25cm of grid11] (3dgrid11base) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.07cm of 3dgrid11base] (3dgrid11) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3dgrid11] (3dgrid12) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3dgrid12] (3dgrid13) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3dgrid13] (3dgrid14) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3dgrid14] (3dgrid15) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3dgrid15] (3dgrid16) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3dgrid16] (3dgrid26) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3dgrid26] (3dgrid36) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3dgrid36] (3dgrid46) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3dgrid46] (3dgrid56) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.25cm of grid71] (3dgrid71base) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.07cm of 3dgrid71base] (3dgrid71) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3dgrid71] (3dgrid72) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3dgrid72] (3dgrid73) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3dgrid73] (3dgrid74) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3dgrid74] (3dgrid75) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3dgrid75] (3dgrid76) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3dgrid76] (3dgrid86) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3dgrid86] (3dgrid96) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3dgrid96] (3dgrid106) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3dgrid106] (3dgrid116) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.25cm of 3dgrid11] (3d2grid11base) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.07cm of 3d2grid11base] (3d2grid11) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d2grid11] (3d2grid12) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d2grid12] (3d2grid13) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d2grid13] (3d2grid14) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d2grid14] (3d2grid15) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d2grid15] (3d2grid16) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d2grid16] (3d2grid26) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d2grid26] (3d2grid36) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d2grid36] (3d2grid46) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d2grid46] (3d2grid56) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.25cm of 3dgrid71] (3d2grid71base) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.07cm of 3d2grid71base] (3d2grid71) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d2grid71] (3d2grid72) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d2grid72] (3d2grid73) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d2grid73] (3d2grid74) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d2grid74] (3d2grid75) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d2grid75] (3d2grid76) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d2grid76] (3d2grid86) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d2grid86] (3d2grid96) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d2grid96] (3d2grid106) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d2grid106] (3d2grid116) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.25cm of 3d2grid11] (3d3grid11base) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.07cm of 3d3grid11base] (3d3grid11) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d3grid11] (3d3grid12) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d3grid12] (3d3grid13) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d3grid13] (3d3grid14) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d3grid14] (3d3grid15) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d3grid15] (3d3grid16) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d3grid16] (3d3grid26) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d3grid26] (3d3grid36) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d3grid36] (3d3grid46) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d3grid46] (3d3grid56) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.25cm of 3d2grid71] (3d3grid71base) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.07cm of 3d3grid71base] (3d3grid71) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d3grid71] (3d3grid72) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d3grid72] (3d3grid73) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d3grid73] (3d3grid74) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d3grid74] (3d3grid75) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of 3d3grid75] (3d3grid76) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d3grid76] (3d3grid86) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d3grid86] (3d3grid96) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d3grid96] (3d3grid106) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of 3d3grid106] (3d3grid116) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.19cm of grid61] (labelbasegrid61) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of labelbasegrid61] (labelbasegrid62) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of labelbasegrid62] (labelbasegrid63) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of labelbasegrid63] (labelbasegrid64) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.5cm of labelbasegrid64] (labelbasegrid65) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.34cm of labelbasegrid65] (3dlabelbasegrid65base) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=-0.045cm of 3dlabelbasegrid65base] (3dlabelbasegrid65) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.25cm of 3dlabelbasegrid65] (3d2labelbasegrid65base) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.07cm of 3d2labelbasegrid65base] (3d2labelbasegrid65) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, right=0.25cm of 3d2labelbasegrid65] (3d3labelbasegrid65base) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, above=0.07cm of 3d3labelbasegrid65base] (3d3labelbasegrid65) {};}
+
+      \uncover<2->{\fill [fill=blue!10] (grid11.center)  -- (3d3grid11.center)  -- (3d3grid16.center) -- (3d3grid56.center) -- (grid56.center) -- (grid51.center) -- (grid11.center);}
+      \uncover<2->{\fill [fill=blue!90] (grid71.center)  -- (3d3grid71.center)  -- (3d3grid76.center) -- (3d3grid116.center) -- (grid116.center) -- (grid111.center) -- (grid71.center);}
+
+%horizontal gridlines above
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid11.center) -- (grid12.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid12.center) -- (grid13.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid13.center) -- (grid14.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid14.center) -- (grid15.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid15.center) -- (grid16.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid21.center) -- (grid22.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid22.center) -- (grid23.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid23.center) -- (grid24.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid24.center) -- (grid25.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid25.center) -- (grid26.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid31.center) -- (grid32.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid32.center) -- (grid33.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid33.center) -- (grid34.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid34.center) -- (grid35.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid35.center) -- (grid36.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid41.center) -- (grid42.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid42.center) -- (grid43.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid43.center) -- (grid44.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid44.center) -- (grid45.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid45.center) -- (grid46.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid51.center) -- (grid52.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid52.center) -- (grid53.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid53.center) -- (grid54.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid54.center) -- (grid55.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid55.center) -- (grid56.center);
+      
+%horizontal gridlines below
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid71.center) -- (grid72.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid72.center) -- (grid73.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid73.center) -- (grid74.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid74.center) -- (grid75.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid75.center) -- (grid76.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid81.center) -- (grid82.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid82.center) -- (grid83.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid83.center) -- (grid84.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid84.center) -- (grid85.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid85.center) -- (grid86.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid91.center) -- (grid92.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid92.center) -- (grid93.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid93.center) -- (grid94.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid94.center) -- (grid95.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid95.center) -- (grid96.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid101.center) -- (grid102.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid102.center) -- (grid103.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid103.center) -- (grid104.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid104.center) -- (grid105.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid105.center) -- (grid106.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid111.center) -- (grid112.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid112.center) -- (grid113.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid113.center) -- (grid114.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid114.center) -- (grid115.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid115.center) -- (grid116.center);
+      
+%vertival gridlines above
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid11.center) -- (grid21.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid12.center) -- (grid22.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid13.center) -- (grid23.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid14.center) -- (grid24.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid15.center) -- (grid25.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid16.center) -- (grid26.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid21.center) -- (grid31.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid22.center) -- (grid32.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid23.center) -- (grid33.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid24.center) -- (grid34.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid25.center) -- (grid35.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid26.center) -- (grid36.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid31.center) -- (grid41.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid32.center) -- (grid42.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid33.center) -- (grid43.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid34.center) -- (grid44.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid35.center) -- (grid45.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid36.center) -- (grid46.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid41.center) -- (grid51.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid42.center) -- (grid52.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid43.center) -- (grid53.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid44.center) -- (grid54.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid45.center) -- (grid55.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid46.center) -- (grid56.center);
+      
+
+%vertival gridlines below
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid71.center) -- (grid81.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid72.center) -- (grid82.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid73.center) -- (grid83.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid74.center) -- (grid84.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid75.center) -- (grid85.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid76.center) -- (grid86.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid81.center) -- (grid91.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid82.center) -- (grid92.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid83.center) -- (grid93.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid84.center) -- (grid94.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid85.center) -- (grid95.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid86.center) -- (grid96.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid91.center) -- (grid101.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid92.center) -- (grid102.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid93.center) -- (grid103.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid94.center) -- (grid104.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid95.center) -- (grid105.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid96.center) -- (grid106.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid101.center) -- (grid111.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid102.center) -- (grid112.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid103.center) -- (grid113.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid104.center) -- (grid114.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid105.center) -- (grid115.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid106.center) -- (grid116.center);
+      
+%3D grid above
+
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (3dgrid11.center) -- (3dgrid12.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3dgrid12.center) -- (3dgrid13.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3dgrid13.center) -- (3dgrid14.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3dgrid14.center) -- (3dgrid15.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3dgrid15.center) -- (3dgrid16.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (3dgrid16.center) -- (3dgrid26.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3dgrid26.center) -- (3dgrid36.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3dgrid36.center) -- (3dgrid46.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3dgrid46.center) -- (3dgrid56.center);
+      
+%3D grid below
+
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3dgrid71.center) -- (3dgrid72.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3dgrid72.center) -- (3dgrid73.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3dgrid73.center) -- (3dgrid74.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3dgrid74.center) -- (3dgrid75.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3dgrid75.center) -- (3dgrid76.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3dgrid76.center) -- (3dgrid86.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3dgrid86.center) -- (3dgrid96.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3dgrid96.center) -- (3dgrid106.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3dgrid106.center) -- (3dgrid116.center);
+      
+
+%3D2 grid above
+
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d2grid11.center) -- (3d2grid12.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d2grid12.center) -- (3d2grid13.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d2grid13.center) -- (3d2grid14.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d2grid14.center) -- (3d2grid15.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d2grid15.center) -- (3d2grid16.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d2grid16.center) -- (3d2grid26.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d2grid26.center) -- (3d2grid36.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d2grid36.center) -- (3d2grid46.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d2grid46.center) -- (3d2grid56.center);
+      
+%3D2 grid below
+
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d2grid71.center) -- (3d2grid72.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d2grid72.center) -- (3d2grid73.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d2grid73.center) -- (3d2grid74.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d2grid74.center) -- (3d2grid75.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d2grid75.center) -- (3d2grid76.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d2grid76.center) -- (3d2grid86.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d2grid86.center) -- (3d2grid96.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d2grid96.center) -- (3d2grid106.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d2grid106.center) -- (3d2grid116.center);
+      
+
+%3D3 grid above
+
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d3grid11.center) -- (3d3grid12.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d3grid12.center) -- (3d3grid13.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d3grid13.center) -- (3d3grid14.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d3grid14.center) -- (3d3grid15.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d3grid15.center) -- (3d3grid16.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d3grid16.center) -- (3d3grid26.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d3grid26.center) -- (3d3grid36.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d3grid36.center) -- (3d3grid46.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (3d3grid46.center) -- (3d3grid56.center);
+      
+%3D3 grid below
+
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d3grid71.center) -- (3d3grid72.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d3grid72.center) -- (3d3grid73.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d3grid73.center) -- (3d3grid74.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d3grid74.center) -- (3d3grid75.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d3grid75.center) -- (3d3grid76.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d3grid76.center) -- (3d3grid86.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d3grid86.center) -- (3d3grid96.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d3grid96.center) -- (3d3grid106.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (3d3grid106.center) -- (3d3grid116.center);
+      
+%diagonal lines 3D
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid11.center) -- (3d3grid11.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid12.center) -- (3d3grid12.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid13.center) -- (3d3grid13.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid14.center) -- (3d3grid14.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid15.center) -- (3d3grid15.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid16.center) -- (3d3grid16.center);
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid26.center) -- (3d3grid26.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid36.center) -- (3d3grid36.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid46.center) -- (3d3grid46.center);
+      \path<2-> [line] (grid56.center) -- (3d3grid56.center);
+
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid71.center) -- (3d3grid71.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid72.center) -- (3d3grid72.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid73.center) -- (3d3grid73.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid74.center) -- (3d3grid74.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid75.center) -- (3d3grid75.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid76.center) -- (3d3grid76.center);
+
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid86.center) -- (3d3grid86.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid96.center) -- (3d3grid96.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid106.center) -- (3d3grid106.center);
+      \path<2-> [line, color=blue!10] (grid116.center) -- (3d3grid116.center);
+
+
+%labeling
+      \uncover<2->{\node[label, rotate=90, above=0pt of grid31] (gridlayerlabel) {Atmosphere};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node[label, color=blue!90, rotate=90, above=0pt of grid91] (gridlayerlabel) {Ocean};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, above=0.45cm of labelbasegrid61] (labelabovegrid1) {1};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, above=0.45cm of labelbasegrid62] (labelabovegrid2) {2};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, above=0.45cm of labelbasegrid63] (labelabovegrid3) {3};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, above=0.45cm of labelbasegrid64] (labelabovegrid4) {4};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, above=0.45cm of labelbasegrid65] (labelabovegrid5) {5};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, above=0.45cm of 3d2labelbasegrid65] (3d2labelabovegrid5) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, above=0.45cm of 3d3labelbasegrid65] (3d3labelabovegrid5) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, color=blue!10, below=0.45cm of labelbasegrid61] (labelbelowgrid1) {1};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, color=blue!10, below=0.45cm of labelbasegrid62] (labelbelowgrid2) {2};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, color=blue!10, below=0.45cm of labelbasegrid63] (labelbelowgrid3) {3};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, color=blue!10, below=0.45cm of labelbasegrid64] (labelbelowgrid4) {4};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, color=blue!10, below=0.45cm of labelbasegrid65] (labelbelowgrid5) {5};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, color=blue!10, below=0.45cm of 3d2labelbasegrid65] (3d2labelbelowgrid5) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, color=blue!10, below=0.45cm of 3d3labelbasegrid65] (3d3labelbelowgrid5) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\draw [<->,line width=2pt] (labelabovegrid1.south) to (labelbelowgrid1.north);}
+      \uncover<2->{\draw [<->,line width=2pt] (labelabovegrid2.south) to (labelbelowgrid2.north);}
+      \uncover<2->{\draw [<->,line width=2pt] (labelabovegrid3.south) to (labelbelowgrid3.north);}
+      \uncover<2->{\draw [<->,line width=2pt] (labelabovegrid4.south) to (labelbelowgrid4.north);}
+      \uncover<2->{\draw [<->,line width=2pt] (labelabovegrid5.south) to (labelbelowgrid5.north);}
+      \uncover<2->{\draw [<->,line width=2pt] (3d2labelabovegrid5.south) to (3d2labelbelowgrid5.north);}
+      \uncover<2->{\draw [<->,line width=2pt] (3d3labelabovegrid5.south) to (3d3labelbelowgrid5.north);}
+      
+      
+%2nd pic
+      \uncover<6->{\node [grid, below=0.5cm of grid112] (timelinebaseright1) {};}
+      \uncover<6->{\node [grid, below=0.3cm of timelinebaseright1] (timelinebaseright2) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<5->{\node [blackdot, left=5.0cm of timelinebaseright1] (timelinebaseleft1) {};}
+      \uncover<5->{\node [blackdot, left=5.0cm of timelinebaseright2] (timelinebaseleft2) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<5->{\node [lightbluedot, left=1.0cm of timelinebaseleft1] (pretimelinebaseleft1) {};}
+      \uncover<5->{\node [darkbluedot, left=2.0cm of timelinebaseleft2] (pretimelinebaseleft2) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<6->{\draw [->,line width=1pt] (timelinebaseleft1.east) to (timelinebaseright1.west);}
+      \uncover<6->{\draw [->,line width=1pt] (timelinebaseleft2.east) to (timelinebaseright2.west);}
+      \uncover<5->{\draw [->,line width=1pt, color=blue!30,] (pretimelinebaseleft1.east) to (timelinebaseleft1.west);}
+      \uncover<5->{\draw [->,line width=1pt, color=blue!90,] (pretimelinebaseleft2.east) to (timelinebaseleft2.west);}
+      
+      \uncover<6->{\node[label, right=1pt of timelinebaseright1] (timelineendlabel1) {Atmosphere};}
+      \uncover<6->{\node[label, color=blue!90, right=1pt of timelinebaseright2] (timelinelabel2) {Ocean};}
+      
+      \uncover<5->{\node [grid, above=0.1cm of timelinebaseleft1] (timelinebaseleft1labelbase) {};}
+      \uncover<5->{\node[label, left=1pt of timelinebaseleft1labelbase] (timelinebaseleft1label) {pre-run atmosphere};}
+      \uncover<5->{\node [grid, below=0.1cm of timelinebaseleft2] (timelinebaseleft2labelbase) {};}
+      \uncover<5->{\node[label, left=1pt of timelinebaseleft2labelbase] (timelinebaseleft2label) {pre-run ocean};}
+
+      \uncover<5->{\node[label, right=0pt of timelinebaseleft2labelbase] (timelinebaseleft2label0) {0};}
+
+      \uncover<6->{\node [grid, below=0.1cm of timelinebaseright2] (timelinebaseright2labelbase) {};}
+      \uncover<6->{\node[label, left=1pt of timelinebaseright2labelbase] (timelinebaseright2label) {time};}
+      
+      \uncover<6->{\node [grid, above=0.05cm of timelinebaseleft2] (timelinebaseleft1labelmiddle) {};}
+      \uncover<6->{\node[label, right=10pt of timelinebaseleft1labelmiddle] (timelinebasemiddle1label) {coupled run};}
+      
+      \path<5-> [line, color=red!100] (timelinebaseleft1labelbase.north) -- (timelinebaseleft2labelbase.south);
+   \end{tikzpicture}
+\end{frame}
+
+%Folie 04
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling \\ Technical Realization (II)}
+
+   \tikzstyle{white} = [rectangle, text width=1\textwidth, font=\normalsize]
+   \tikzstyle{grid} = [rectangle, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{lightbluedot} = [circle, draw, color=black, fill=blue!10, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{darkbluedot} = [circle, draw, color=blue!10, fill=blue!90, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{w} = [circle, draw, color=black, fill=black!100, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{scalar} = [diamond, draw, color=red, fill=red!50, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -]
+   
+   \tikzstyle{block} = [rectangle, draw, fill=blue!20, text width=5em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=4em]
+   
+   \tikzstyle{label} = [rectangle, font=\tiny, minimum size=8pt]
+   \tikzstyle{labelred} = [rectangle, color=red, font=\tiny, minimum size=6pt]
+   \tikzstyle{2dtextbox} = [rectangle, align=center, fill=white!100, text width=0.42\textwidth, minimum size=35pt, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{plotpoint} = [circle, draw, color=black, fill=black!100, minimum size=2pt]
+
+   \begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 2cm, auto, decoration=ticks,>=latex']
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [white] (itemize) {
+         \begin{small}
+         \begin{itemize}
+            \item<1->{communication between the two models is realized with MPI.}
+            \item<2->{MPI-2 intercommunicators allow to couple two different executables,}
+            \item<3->{however the full MPI-2 standard is hardly available.}
+            \item<4->{MPI-1 starts only one executable, splits the total number of processors and calls the different models as subroutines.}
+         \end{itemize}
+         \end{small}
+      };}
+
+      \begin{tiny}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of itemize] (picbase) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, left=2.6cm of picbase] (picbaseleft) {};}
+
+
+
+      \uncover<2->{\node [block, left=0.5cm of picbaseleft] (PALMstartatmosphere) {PALM start atmosphere};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [block, right=0.5cm of picbaseleft] (PALMstartocean) {PALM start ocean};}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [block, below=1.0cm of PALMstartatmosphere] (PALMstartatmosphereend) {PALM end};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [block, below=1.0cm of PALMstartocean] (PALMstartoceanend) {PALM end};}
+
+      \path<2-> [line] (PALMstartatmosphere.south) -- (PALMstartatmosphereend.north);
+      \uncover<2->{\draw [decorate, segment length=4pt] (PALMstartatmosphere.south) -- (PALMstartatmosphereend.north);}
+      
+      \path<2-> [line] (PALMstartocean.south) -- (PALMstartoceanend.north);
+      \uncover<2->{\draw [decorate, segment length=4pt] (PALMstartocean.south) -- (PALMstartoceanend.north);}
+      
+      \uncover<2->{\node [label, below=0.8cm of picbaseleft] (picmiddlelabel) {MPI-2 communicator};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.62cm of PALMstartatmosphere] (PALMatmospherearrow) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [grid, below=0.62cm of PALMstartocean] (PALMoceanarrow) {};}
+      \uncover<2->{\draw [<->] (PALMatmospherearrow.east) to (PALMoceanarrow.west);}
+      
+%2nd pic
+      \uncover<4->{\node [block, right=1.7cm of picbase] (PALMstart) {PALM start};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [block, below=1.0cm of PALMstart] (PALMstartend) {PALM end};}
+      
+      \uncover<4->{\node [grid, left=0.7cm of PALMstart] (atmospherebase) {};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [grid, right=0.7cm of PALMstart] (oceanbase) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<4->{\node [block, below=0.1cm of atmospherebase] (atmosphere) {atmosphere};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [block, below=0.1cm of oceanbase] (ocean) {ocean};}
+      
+      \path<4-> [line] (PALMstart.west) -| (atmosphere.north);
+%      \uncover<2->{\draw [->] (PALMstart.west) -| (atmosphere.north);}
+      \path<4-> [line] (PALMstart.east) -| (ocean.north);
+%      \uncover<2->{\draw [->] (PALMstart.east) -| (ocean.north);}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [label, below=0.05cm of PALMstart] (PALMstartmiddlelabel) {MPI-1 split};}
+      
+      \uncover<4->{\node [grid, left=0.7cm of PALMstartend] (atmospherelinebase) {};}
+      \uncover<4->{\draw [decorate, segment length=4pt] (atmosphere.south) -- (atmospherelinebase.center);}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [grid, right=0.7cm of PALMstartend] (oceanlinebase) {};}
+      \uncover<4->{\draw [decorate, segment length=4pt] (ocean.south) -- (oceanlinebase.center);}
+      
+      \path<4-> [line] (atmosphere.south) |- (PALMstartend.west);
+      \path<4-> [line] (ocean.south) |- (PALMstartend.east);
+      
+      \uncover<4->{\node [label, below=0.65cm of PALMstart] (pic2middlelabel) {MPI-1 communicator};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [grid, below=0.2cm of atmosphere] (atmospherearrow) {};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [grid, below=0.2cm of ocean] (oceanarrow) {};}
+      \uncover<4->{\draw [<->] (atmospherearrow.east) to (oceanarrow.west);}
+      
+%red labels
+      \uncover<2->{\node [labelred, above=-0.05cm of PALMstartatmosphere] () {mpiexec -np8 palm};}
+      \uncover<2->{\node [labelred, above=-0.05cm of PALMstartocean] () {mpiexec -np8 palm};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [labelred, above=-0.05cm of PALMstart] () {mpiexec -np16 palm};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [labelred, above=-0.1cm of atmospherebase] () {8 processors};}
+      \uncover<4->{\node [labelred, above=-0.1cm of oceanbase] () {8 processors};}
+      \end{tiny}
+   \end{tikzpicture}
+\end{frame}
+
+%Folie 05
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Ocean Version - Final Remarks}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<2->{The atmosphere ocean coupling of PALM has not been tested sufficiently so far! Only some plausibility checks have been done.}
+      \item<3->{Please carefully check the results and please also check the code.}
+   \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+\end{document}
Index: palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/canopy_model.tex
===================================================================
--- palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/canopy_model.tex	(revision 1080)
+++ palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/canopy_model.tex	(revision 1080)
@@ -0,0 +1,761 @@
+%$Id$
+\input{header_tmp.tex}
+%\input{../header_lectures.tex}
+
+%\documentclass{beamer}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{ngerman}
+\usepackage{pgf}
+\usetheme{Dresden}
+\usepackage{subfigure}
+\usepackage{units}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{multimedia}
+\newcommand{\event}[1]{\newcommand{\eventname}{#1}}
+\usepackage{xmpmulti}
+\usepackage{tikz}
+\usepackage{pdfcomment}
+\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,positioning,calc,decorations.pathmorphing,decorations.pathreplacing,decorations.markings}
+\def\Tiny{\fontsize{4pt}{4pt}\selectfont}
+\usepackage{listings}
+\lstset{language=[90]Fortran,
+  basicstyle=\ttfamily \tiny,
+  keywordstyle=\color{black},
+  commentstyle=\color{black},
+  morecomment=[l]{!\ }% Comment only with space after !
+}
+
+
+\institute{Institut fÃŒr Meteorologie und Klimatologie, Leibniz UniversitÃ€t Hannover}
+\date{last update: \today}
+\event{PALM Seminar}
+\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
+
+\setbeamertemplate{footline}
+  {%
+    \begin{beamercolorbox}[rightskip=-0.1cm]&
+     {\includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{imuk_logo.pdf}\hfill \includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{luh_logo.pdf}}
+    \end{beamercolorbox}
+    \begin{beamercolorbox}[ht=2.5ex,dp=1.125ex,%
+      leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=0.3cm plus1fil]{title in head/foot}%
+      {\leavevmode{\usebeamerfont{author in head/foot}\insertshortauthor} \hfill \eventname \hfill \insertframenumber \; / \inserttotalframenumber}%
+    \end{beamercolorbox}%
+%    \begin{beamercolorbox}[colsep=1.5pt]{lower separation line foot}%
+%    \end{beamercolorbox}
+  }
+%\logo{\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{luhimuk_logo.png}}
+
+\title[PALM's Canopy Model]{PALM's Canopy Model}
+\author{Siegfried Raasch}
+
+
+% Notes:
+% jede subsection bekommt einen punkt im menu (vertikal ausgerichtet.
+% jeder frame in einer subsection bekommt einen punkt (horizontal ausgerichtet)
+\begin{document}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\titlepage
+\end{frame}
+
+\section{PALM's Canopy Model}
+\subsection{The embedded Canopy Model}
+
+%Folie 01
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Overview}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1->{The canopy model embedded in PALM can be used to study the effect of a plant canopy on:}
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<2->{mean flow field,}
+         \item<3->{development of coherent turbulence structures,}
+         \item<4->{scalar exchange processes between canopy and atmosphere.}
+      \end{itemize}
+      \item<5->{Within the canopy model, the plant canopy acts as a sink for momentum and as a source/sink for active (temperature) and passive (e.g. tracer) scalars.}
+      \item<6->{The canopy model does not account for each plant element, but rather accounts for a volume averaged effect on the flow and scalar concentration, depending on:}
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<7->{leaf area distribution,}
+         \item<8->{drag coefficient.}
+      \end{itemize}
+   \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 02
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Theory (I)}
+   \begin{footnotesize}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1->{A plant canopy affects the flow by acting as a momentum sink due to form and viscous drag forces.}
+      \item<2->{The effectiveness of momentum absorption depends on the amount of leaf area per unit volume and the aerodynamic drag.}
+      \item<3->{Due to the aerodynamic drag the flow is decelerated within the canopy, leading to an inflection point in the vertical profile of the horizontal velocity at the canopy top.
+         \begin{center}
+            \includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{canopy_model_figures/abb1.png}
+         \end{center}
+      }
+   \end{itemize}
+   \end{footnotesize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 03
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Theory (II)}
+   \begin{footnotesize}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1->{The inflection point in the velocity profile introduces instabilities to the flow, leading to the formation of Kelvin-Helmholtz waves near the canopy top (\textcircled{{\tiny 1}})}
+      \item<2->{Wave breaking induces further instabilities, whereby a longitudinal component is added to the developing turbulence structures (\textcircled{{\tiny 2}} \& \textcircled{{\tiny 3}})}
+      \item<3->{Due to the persistent instabilities the turbulence structures develop a distinct three-dimensionality (\textcircled{{\tiny 4}})}
+      \item<4->{The large turbulence structures developing due to the inflection point instability significantly contribute to the vertical mixing of in-canopy and above-canopy air.
+         \begin{center}
+            \includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{canopy_model_figures/abb2.png}
+         \end{center}
+      }
+   \end{itemize}
+   \end{footnotesize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 04
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Methods (I)}
+   \begin{footnotesize}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1->{The canopy model in PALM is based on the models used by Shaw and Schumann (1992) and Watanabe (2004).}
+      \item<2->{The aerodynamic effect of the canopy on the turbulent flow is accounted for by an additional term in the momentum equations:\\
+         \begin{align*}
+            \frac{\partial \bar{u}_{i}}{\partial t} = \text{...} - c_{d} a U \bar{u}_{i}
+         \end{align*}
+      }
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<3->{ $c_{d}$ : drag coefficient}
+         \item<4->{ $a $ : leaf area density $[m^{2}m^{-3}]$}
+         \item<5->{ $U$ : $(u^{2} + v^{2} + w^{2})^{1/2}$ $[m s^{-1}]$}
+         \item<6->{ $u_{i}$ : velocity component ($u_{1}=u$, $u_{2}=v$, $u_{3}=w$)}
+      \end{itemize}
+   \end{itemize}
+   \uncover<7->{Note: The canopy model does not resolve the effect of single plant elements.}
+   \end{footnotesize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 05
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Methods (II)}
+   \begin{footnotesize}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1->{The effect of the canopy on the subgrid scale turbulence is accounted for by adding a sink term to the prognostic equation for the subgrid scale turbulent kinetic energy:\\
+         \begin{align*}
+            \frac{\partial e}{\partial t} = \text{...} - 2 c_{d} a U e
+         \end{align*}
+      }
+      \item<2->{It is assumed that the subgrid scale turbulent kinetic energy is dissipated by the canopy due to the rapid dissipation of wake turbulence in the lee of canopy elements (e.g. Watanabe, 2004).}
+   \end{itemize}
+   \end{footnotesize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 06
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Methods (III)}
+   \begin{footnotesize}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1->{If desired, the effect of the canopy on the sensible heat transport can be considered. A source term is added to the prognostic equation for potential temperature:\\
+         \begin{align*}
+            \frac{\partial \bar{\theta}}{\partial t} = \text{...} +  S_{\theta}
+         \end{align*}
+      }
+      \item<2->{It is assumed that the foliage is warmed by the penetrating solar radiation and, in turn, warms the surrounding air.}
+      \item<3->{The source strength $S_{\theta}$ is defined as the vertical derivative of the upward kinematic vertical heat flux given by (Shaw and Schumann, 1992):\\
+         \begin{align*}
+            Q_{\theta}(z) = Q_{\theta}(h) exp(-\alpha F) \text{ , } Q_{\theta}(h) \text{ : Heat flux at canopy top}
+         \end{align*}
+      }
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<4->{ $\alpha = 0.6$ (extinction coefficient)}
+         \item<5->{ $F = \int\limits_{z}^{h} a \: dz$ (downward cumulative leaf area index)}
+      \end{itemize}
+   \end{itemize}
+   \end{footnotesize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 07
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Methods (IV)}
+   \begin{footnotesize}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1->{The canopy might act as a sink or source for other scalars $q$ (e.g. humidity, passive tracer). Therefore, an additional term is added to the scalar transport equation:\\
+         \begin{align*}
+            \frac{\partial \bar{q}}{\partial t} = \text{...} - c_{q} a U (\bar{q} - q_{c})
+         \end{align*}
+      }
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<2->{ $c_{q}$ : scalar exchange coefficient}
+         \item<3->{ $q_{c}$ : scalar concentration at leaf surface}
+      \end{itemize}
+   \end{itemize}
+   \end{footnotesize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 08
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Basics (I)}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1->{The canopy model is switched on by setting the parameter {\small \texttt{plant\_canopy = .TRUE.}} within the \&inipar {\small \texttt{NAMELIST}} in the parameter file ({\small \texttt{PARIN}}).}
+      \item<2->{All parameters for steering the canopy model are described in:\\
+      {\scriptsize Documentation $\rightarrow$ Model steering $\rightarrow$ Parameters $\rightarrow$ Initialization $\rightarrow$ Canopy}\\
+      (http://palm.muk.uni-hannover.de)
+      }
+      \item<3->{The following slides will describe how to set up a simulation with a simple horizontally homogeneous canopy block covering the entire model domain surface. In this case, {\small \texttt{plant\_canopy = 'block'}} must be set in \&inipar {\small \texttt{NAMELIST}}.}
+   \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 09
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Basic canopy parameter (I)}
+   The parameters for steering the canopy model have to be added to the \&inipar {\small \texttt{NAMELIST}} in the parameter file ({\small \texttt{PARIN}}).\\
+    \begin{itemize}
+       \item<1->{Step I: Define the upper boundary of the plant canopy layer using the parameter {\small \texttt{pch\_index (grid point index, default 0)}}. {\small \texttt{pch\_index}} specifies the number of grid points resolving the canopy layer in the vertical direction.}
+    \end{itemize}
+   \vspace{10pt}
+
+   \tikzstyle{background} = [rectangle, fill=gray!10, text width=1\textwidth, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=10em]
+   \tikzstyle{Key1} = [rectangle, draw, fill=gray!70, text width=0.05, minimum size=0.05, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{Key2} = [rectangle, draw, fill=green!90, text width=0.05, minimum size=0.05, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{Key3} = [rectangle, text width=3.0cm, minimum size=16pt, font=\tiny]
+
+\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex']
+	%%% Edit the following coordinate to change the shape of your
+	%%% cuboid
+
+	%% Vanishing points for perspective handling
+	\coordinate (P1) at (-4cm,1.5cm); % left vanishing point (To pick)
+	\coordinate (P2) at (10cm,1.5cm); % right vanishing point (To pick)
+
+	%% (A1) and (A2) defines the 2 central points of the cuboid
+	\coordinate (A1) at (0cm,0cm); % central top point (To pick)
+	\coordinate (A2) at (0cm,-2cm); % central bottom point (To pick)
+	
+	%% (A3) to (A8) are computed given a unique parameter (or 2) .8
+	% You can vary .8 from 0 to 1 to change perspective on left side
+	\coordinate (A3) at ($(P1)!.8!(A2)$); % To pick for perspective 
+	\coordinate (A4) at ($(P1)!.8!(A1)$);
+
+	% You can vary .8 from 0 to 1 to change perspective on right side
+	\coordinate (A7) at ($(P2)!.7!(A2)$);
+	\coordinate (A8) at ($(P2)!.7!(A1)$);
+
+	%% Automatically compute the last 2 points with intersections
+	\coordinate (A5) at
+	  (intersection cs: first line={(A8) -- (P1)},
+			    second line={(A4) -- (P2)});
+	\coordinate (A6) at
+	  (intersection cs: first line={(A7) -- (P1)}, 
+			    second line={(A3) -- (P2)});
+
+	%% Drawing the canopy layer
+	\coordinate (A9) at (0em,-1.7cm); % central bottom point (To pick)
+	\coordinate (A10) at ($(P2)!.7!(A9)$);
+	\coordinate (A12) at ($(P1)!.8!(A9)$); % To pick for perspective 
+	\coordinate (A11) at
+	  (intersection cs: first line={(A10) -- (P1)}, 
+			    second line={(A12) -- (P2)});
+
+	%%% Depending of what you want to display, you can comment/edit
+	%%% the following lines
+
+	{\node [background, right=-0.8cm of A12] (background) {};}
+
+	%% Possibly draw back faces
+
+	\fill[gray!70] (A2) -- (A3) -- (A6) -- (A7) -- cycle; % face 6
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A2=1,A3=1,A6=1,A7=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[gray!30] (A3) -- (A4) -- (A5) -- (A6) -- cycle; % face 3
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A3=1,A4=1,A5=1,A6=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[gray!10] (A5) -- (A6) -- (A7) -- (A8) -- cycle; % face 4
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A5=1,A6=1,A7=1,A8=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	
+	\fill[green!90] (A9) -- (A10) -- (A11) -- (A12) -- cycle; % face 7
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A9=1,A10=1,A11=1,A12=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[green!100] (A9) -- (A12) -- (A3) -- (A2) -- cycle; % face 8
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A9=1,A12=1,A3=1,A2=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[green!100] (A9) -- (A10) -- (A7) -- (A2) -- cycle; % face 9
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A9=1,A10=1,A7=1,A2=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A5) -- (A6);
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A3) -- (A6);
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A7) -- (A6);
+
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A11) -- (A12);
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A10) -- (A11);
+	
+	%% Possibly draw front faces
+
+	% \fill[orange] (A1) -- (A8) -- (A7) -- (A2) -- cycle; % face 1
+	% \node at (barycentric cs:A1=1,A8=1,A7=1,A2=1) {\tiny f1};
+	\fill[gray!50,opacity=0.2] (A1) -- (A2) -- (A3) -- (A4) -- cycle; % f2
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A1=1,A2=1,A3=1,A4=1) {\tiny };
+	\fill[gray!90,opacity=0.2] (A1) -- (A4) -- (A5) -- (A8) -- cycle; % f5
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A1=1,A4=1,A5=1,A8=1) {\tiny };
+
+	%% Possibly draw front lines
+	\draw[thin] (A1) -- (A2);
+	\draw[thin] (A3) -- (A4);
+	\draw[thin] (A7) -- (A8);
+	\draw[thin] (A1) -- (A4);
+	\draw[thin] (A1) -- (A8);
+	\draw[thin] (A2) -- (A3);
+	\draw[thin] (A2) -- (A7);
+	\draw[thin] (A4) -- (A5);
+	\draw[thin] (A8) -- (A5);
+	
+	\draw[thin] (A9) -- (A10);
+	\draw[thin] (A9) -- (A12);
+	
+	% Possibly draw points
+	% (it can help you understand the cuboid structure)
+	\foreach \i in {1,2,...,12}
+	{
+	%  \draw[fill=black] (A\i) circle (0.05em)
+	%    node[above right] {\tiny \i};
+	}
+	% \draw[fill=black] (P1) circle (0.1em) node[below] {\tiny p1};
+	% \draw[fill=black] (P2) circle (0.1em) node[below] {\tiny p2};
+	
+	%Key	
+	\coordinate (K1) at (0.5cm,-2.3cm);
+	\coordinate (K2) at (0.5cm,-2.7cm);
+	
+	
+	\node [Key1, right=0.0cm of K1] (key1) {};
+	\node [Key2, right=0.0cm of K2] (key2) {};
+	\node [Key3, right=0.4cm of K1] (key11) {Total model domain};
+	\node [Key3, right=0.4cm of K2] (key21) {Plant canopy volume};
+	
+	%% frame specific elements
+	\node [Key3, right=0.45cm of A10] (label1) {\texttt{zw(pch\_index)} = canopy top};
+	\node [Key3, right=0.05cm of A10] (label0) {};
+	
+	\draw[<-] (label0) -- (label1);
+\end{tikzpicture}
+
+
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 10
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Basic canopy parameter (II)}
+    \begin{itemize}
+       \item<1->{ Step II: Construct the vertical profile of the leaf area density (lad) to prescribe the distribution of leaf area within the plant canopy volume.\\
+       The canopy top is located between {\small \texttt{zu(pch\_index)}} and {\small \texttt{zu(pch\_index + 1)}} because this is the transition between the in-canopy grid point and the above-canopy grid point.
+       }
+    \end{itemize}
+   \vspace{10pt}
+
+   \tikzstyle{background} = [rectangle, fill=gray!10, text width=1\textwidth, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=10em]
+   \tikzstyle{Key1} = [rectangle, draw, fill=gray!70, text width=0.05, minimum size=0.05, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{Key2} = [rectangle, draw, fill=green!90, text width=0.05, minimum size=0.05, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{Key3} = [rectangle, text width=4.5cm, minimum size=16pt, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{label} = [rectangle, text width=2.0cm, align=center, minimum size=16pt, font=\tiny]
+
+\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex']
+	%%% Edit the following coordinate to change the shape of your
+	%%% cuboid
+
+	%% Vanishing points for perspective handling
+	\coordinate (P1) at (-4cm,1.5cm); % left vanishing point (To pick)
+	\coordinate (P2) at (10cm,1.5cm); % right vanishing point (To pick)
+
+	%% (A1) and (A2) defines the 2 central points of the cuboid
+	\coordinate (A1) at (0cm,0cm); % central top point (To pick)
+	\coordinate (A2) at (0cm,-2cm); % central bottom point (To pick)
+	
+	%% (A3) to (A8) are computed given a unique parameter (or 2) .8
+	% You can vary .8 from 0 to 1 to change perspective on left side
+	\coordinate (A3) at ($(P1)!.8!(A2)$); % To pick for perspective 
+	\coordinate (A4) at ($(P1)!.8!(A1)$);
+
+	% You can vary .8 from 0 to 1 to change perspective on right side
+	\coordinate (A7) at ($(P2)!.7!(A2)$);
+	\coordinate (A8) at ($(P2)!.7!(A1)$);
+
+	%% Automatically compute the last 2 points with intersections
+	\coordinate (A5) at
+	  (intersection cs: first line={(A8) -- (P1)},
+			    second line={(A4) -- (P2)});
+	\coordinate (A6) at
+	  (intersection cs: first line={(A7) -- (P1)}, 
+			    second line={(A3) -- (P2)});
+
+	%% Drawing the canopy layer
+	\coordinate (A9) at (0em,-1.7cm); % central bottom point (To pick)
+	\coordinate (A10) at ($(P2)!.7!(A9)$);
+	\coordinate (A12) at ($(P1)!.8!(A9)$); % To pick for perspective 
+	\coordinate (A11) at
+	  (intersection cs: first line={(A10) -- (P1)}, 
+			    second line={(A12) -- (P2)});
+
+	%%% Depending of what you want to display, you can comment/edit
+	%%% the following lines
+
+	{\node [background, right=-0.8cm of A12] (background) {};}
+
+	%% Possibly draw back faces
+
+	\fill[gray!70] (A2) -- (A3) -- (A6) -- (A7) -- cycle; % face 6
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A2=1,A3=1,A6=1,A7=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[gray!30] (A3) -- (A4) -- (A5) -- (A6) -- cycle; % face 3
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A3=1,A4=1,A5=1,A6=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[gray!10] (A5) -- (A6) -- (A7) -- (A8) -- cycle; % face 4
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A5=1,A6=1,A7=1,A8=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	
+	\fill[green!90] (A9) -- (A10) -- (A11) -- (A12) -- cycle; % face 7
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A9=1,A10=1,A11=1,A12=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[green!100] (A9) -- (A12) -- (A3) -- (A2) -- cycle; % face 8
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A9=1,A12=1,A3=1,A2=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[green!100] (A9) -- (A10) -- (A7) -- (A2) -- cycle; % face 9
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A9=1,A10=1,A7=1,A2=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A5) -- (A6);
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A3) -- (A6);
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A7) -- (A6);
+
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A11) -- (A12);
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A10) -- (A11);
+	
+	%% Possibly draw front faces
+
+	% \fill[orange] (A1) -- (A8) -- (A7) -- (A2) -- cycle; % face 1
+	% \node at (barycentric cs:A1=1,A8=1,A7=1,A2=1) {\tiny f1};
+	\fill[gray!50,opacity=0.2] (A1) -- (A2) -- (A3) -- (A4) -- cycle; % f2
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A1=1,A2=1,A3=1,A4=1) {\tiny };
+	\fill[gray!90,opacity=0.2] (A1) -- (A4) -- (A5) -- (A8) -- cycle; % f5
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A1=1,A4=1,A5=1,A8=1) {\tiny };
+
+	%% Possibly draw front lines
+	\draw[thin] (A1) -- (A2);
+	\draw[thin] (A3) -- (A4);
+	\draw[thin] (A7) -- (A8);
+	\draw[thin] (A1) -- (A4);
+	\draw[thin] (A1) -- (A8);
+	\draw[thin] (A2) -- (A3);
+	\draw[thin] (A2) -- (A7);
+	\draw[thin] (A4) -- (A5);
+	\draw[thin] (A8) -- (A5);
+	
+	\draw[thin] (A9) -- (A10);
+	\draw[thin] (A9) -- (A12);
+	
+	% Possibly draw points
+	% (it can help you understand the cuboid structure)
+	\foreach \i in {1,2,...,12}
+	{
+	%  \draw[fill=black] (A\i) circle (0.05em)
+	%    node[above right] {\tiny \i};
+	}
+	% \draw[fill=black] (P1) circle (0.1em) node[below] {\tiny p1};
+	% \draw[fill=black] (P2) circle (0.1em) node[below] {\tiny p2};
+	
+	%Key	
+	\coordinate (K1) at (0.5cm,-2.3cm);
+	\coordinate (K2) at (0.5cm,-2.7cm);
+	
+	
+	\node [Key1, right=0.0cm of K1] (key1) {};
+	\node [Key2, right=0.0cm of K2] (key2) {};
+	\node [Key3, right=0.4cm of K1] (key11) {Total model domain};
+	\node [Key3, right=0.4cm of K2] (key21) {Plant canopy volume};
+	
+	%% frame specific elements
+	
+	%% boundary layer profile 2D
+	\coordinate (B1) at (4.0cm,0.3cm);
+	\coordinate (B2) at (4.0cm,-2.5cm);
+	
+	\coordinate (B3) at (4.0cm,0.6cm);
+	\coordinate (B4) at (6.6cm,-2.5cm);
+	
+	\draw[thin, dotted] (A10) -- (B1);
+	\draw[thin, dotted] (A7) -- (B2);
+	\draw[<-] (B3) -- (B2);
+	\draw[<-] (B4) -- (B2);
+	
+	\coordinate (xlab) at (5.3cm,-2.5cm);
+	\coordinate (ylab) at (4.0cm,-1.1cm);
+	\node [label, below=0.0cm of xlab] (xlabel) {lad $[m^{2}m^{-3}]$};
+	\node [label, rotate=90, above=0.0cm of ylab] (ylabel) {z$[m]$};
+	
+	
+	\coordinate (B5) at (4.5cm,-2.5cm);
+%	\draw [-,color=red] (B1) to [out=-10,in=90,looseness=2.0, relative=false] .. controls (4,0) and (5,0) .. (B5);
+	\draw {(B1) .. controls (8.0,-0.2) and (4.5,-1.0) .. (B5)};
+	
+	\draw [decorate, decoration={markings, 
+		mark=at position 00mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		mark=at position 04mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		mark=at position 08mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		mark=at position 12mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		mark=at position 16mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		mark=at position 20mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		mark=at position 24mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		mark=at position 28mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		mark=at position 32mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		mark=at position 36mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		mark=at position 40mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		mark=at position 44mm with{\draw[fill=black] (0,0) circle (0.1em);},
+		}] 
+		{(B5) .. controls (4.5,-1.0) and (8.0,-0.2) .. (B1)};
+
+	\node [Key3, right=1.1cm of B1] (label1) {\texttt{zu(pch\_index + 1)}: lad = 0.0 (default)};
+	\node [Key3, left=0.1cm of B1] (label0) {};
+	\draw[-, dashed] (label0) -- (label1);
+	
+	\coordinate (curvelabel00) at (4.65cm,-2.45cm);
+	\coordinate (curvelabel01) at (5.0cm,-2.25cm);
+	\draw[<-] (curvelabel00) -- (curvelabel01);
+	\node [Key3, right=0.0cm of curvelabel01] (curvelabel02) {\texttt{lad\_surface} (default 0.0)};
+	
+	\coordinate (curvelabel10) at (5.4cm,-1.3cm);
+	\coordinate (curvelabel11) at (5.6cm,-1.6cm);
+	\draw[<-] (curvelabel10) -- (curvelabel11);
+	\node [Key3, right=0.0cm of curvelabel11] (curvelabel12) {\texttt{lad\_vertical\_gradient\_level} (5)};
+	
+	\coordinate (curvelabel10) at (5.47cm,-1.05cm);
+	\coordinate (curvelabel11) at (5.8cm,-1.3cm);
+	\draw[<-] (curvelabel10) -- (curvelabel11);
+	\node [Key3, right=0.0cm of curvelabel11] (curvelabel12) {\texttt{lad\_vertical\_gradient} (5)};
+	
+	\coordinate (curvelabel10) at (5.7cm,-0.93cm);
+	\coordinate (curvelabel11) at (5.9cm,-1.0cm);
+	\draw[<-] (curvelabel10) -- (curvelabel11);
+	\node [Key3, right=0.0cm of curvelabel11] (curvelabel12) {\texttt{lad\_vertical\_gradient\_level} (6)};
+\end{tikzpicture}
+
+
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 11
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Basic canopy parameter (III)}
+   \begin{footnotesize}
+    \begin{itemize}
+       \item<1->{Step III: Prescribe a value for the parameter {\small \texttt{drag\_coefficient (default 0.0)}}. The drag coefficient is a dimensionless factor describing the magnitude of the form drag by the canopy working against the flow. A larger form drag results in a greater momentum reduction.}
+    \end{itemize}
+   
+
+   \begin{minipage}{0.47\textwidth}
+      \begin{center}
+         \includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{canopy_model_figures/large.png}\\
+      \end{center}
+   \end{minipage}
+   \hfill
+   \begin{minipage}{0.47\textwidth}
+      \begin{center}
+         \includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{canopy_model_figures/small.png}\\
+      \end{center}
+   \end{minipage}
+   
+   \begin{minipage}{0.47\textwidth}
+      \begin{center}
+         Strong trees offer a larger form drag to the flow.
+      \end{center}
+   \end{minipage}
+   \hfill
+   \begin{minipage}{0.47\textwidth}
+      \begin{center}
+         Young / small trees offer a smaller form drag to the flow because they are more flexible.
+      \end{center}
+   \end{minipage}
+   
+   \end{footnotesize}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 12
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Basic canopy parameter (IV)}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1->{For steering the effect of the canopy sensible heat transfer, prescribe a value for the sensible heat flux at the canopy top, using the parameter \texttt{cthf} (see Methods (III)).}
+      \item<2->{The sink/source effect of the canopy on other scalar quantities, such as humidity or a passive tracer can be steered by the parameters \texttt{leaf\_surface\_concentration} and \texttt{scalar\_exchange\_coefficient} (see Methods (IV)).}
+   \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+%Folie 13
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{User-defined canopy}
+   \begin{footnotesize}
+   Do you want to simulate a more customized canopy, which e.g. covers only half the model surface?\\
+    \begin{itemize}
+       \item<2->{Step I: Copy the file \texttt{user\_init\_plant\_canopy.f90} from {\small \texttt{trunk/SOURCE}} to the directory {\small \texttt{USER\_CODE (\$Home/palm/current\_version)}} of the specific job and make the desired changes for {\small \texttt{CASE ('user\_defined\_canopy\_1')}}.}
+       \item<3->{Step II: In your parameter file set: {\scriptsize \texttt{canopy\_mode = 'user\_defined\_canopy\_1'}}}
+    \end{itemize}
+   \end{footnotesize}
+   \vspace{7pt}
+   
+   \tikzstyle{background} = [rectangle, fill=gray!10, text width=1\textwidth, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=10em]
+   \tikzstyle{Key1} = [rectangle, draw, fill=gray!70, text width=0.05, minimum size=0.05, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{Key2} = [rectangle, draw, fill=green!90, text width=0.05, minimum size=0.05, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{Key3} = [rectangle, text width=2.0cm, minimum size=4pt, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{text1} = [rectangle, text width=0.4\textwidth, minimum height=10em]
+\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex']
+	%%% Edit the following coordinate to change the shape of your
+	%%% cuboid
+      
+	%% Vanishing points for perspective handling
+	\coordinate (P1) at (-4cm,1.5cm); % left vanishing point (To pick)
+	\coordinate (P2) at (10cm,1.5cm); % right vanishing point (To pick)
+
+	%% (A1) and (A2) defines the 2 central points of the cuboid
+	\coordinate (A1) at (0cm,0cm); % central top point (To pick)
+	\coordinate (A2) at (0cm,-2cm); % central bottom point (To pick)
+
+	%% (A3) to (A8) are computed given a unique parameter (or 2) .8
+	% You can vary .8 from 0 to 1 to change perspective on left side
+	\coordinate (A3) at ($(P1)!.8!(A2)$); % To pick for perspective 
+	\coordinate (A4) at ($(P1)!.8!(A1)$);
+
+	% You can vary .8 from 0 to 1 to change perspective on right side
+	\coordinate (A7) at ($(P2)!.7!(A2)$);
+	\coordinate (A8) at ($(P2)!.7!(A1)$);
+
+	%% Automatically compute the last 2 points with intersections
+	\coordinate (A5) at
+	  (intersection cs: first line={(A8) -- (P1)},
+			    second line={(A4) -- (P2)});
+	\coordinate (A6) at
+	  (intersection cs: first line={(A7) -- (P1)}, 
+			    second line={(A3) -- (P2)});
+
+	%% Drawing the canopy layer
+	\coordinate (A9) at (0em,-1.7cm); % central bottom point (To pick)
+	\coordinate (A10) at ($(P2)!.7!(A9)$);
+	\coordinate (A12) at ($(P1)!.8!(A9)$); % To pick for perspective 
+	\coordinate (A11) at
+	  (intersection cs: first line={(A10) -- (P1)}, 
+			    second line={(A12) -- (P2)});
+	
+	\coordinate (A13) at ($(A9)!.54!(A10)$);
+	\coordinate (A14) at ($(A2)!.54!(A7)$);
+	
+	\coordinate (A15) at 
+		  (intersection cs: first line={(A13) -- (P1)}, 
+				    second line={(A12) -- (P2)});
+	\coordinate (A16) at 
+		  (intersection cs: first line={(A14) -- (P1)}, 
+				    second line={(A3) -- (P2)});
+	%%% Depending of what you want to display, you can comment/edit
+	%%% the following lines
+	
+	{\node [background, right=-0.8cm of A12] (background) {};}
+
+	%% Possibly draw back faces
+
+	\fill[gray!70] (A2) -- (A3) -- (A6) -- (A7) -- cycle; % face 6
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A2=1,A3=1,A6=1,A7=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[gray!30] (A3) -- (A4) -- (A5) -- (A6) -- cycle; % face 3
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A3=1,A4=1,A5=1,A6=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[gray!10] (A5) -- (A6) -- (A7) -- (A8) -- cycle; % face 4
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A5=1,A6=1,A7=1,A8=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	
+	\fill[green!90] (A13) -- (A10) -- (A11) -- (A15) -- cycle; % face 4
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A9=1,A10=1,A11=1,A12=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[green!100] (A13) -- (A15) -- (A16) -- (A14) -- cycle; % face 4
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A9=1,A12=1,A3=1,A2=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\fill[green!100] (A13) -- (A10) -- (A7) -- (A14) -- cycle; % face 4
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A9=1,A10=1,A7=1,A2=1) {\tiny };
+	
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A5) -- (A6);
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A3) -- (A6);
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A7) -- (A6);
+
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A11) -- (A15);
+	\draw[thin,dashed] (A10) -- (A11);
+	
+	%% Possibly draw front faces
+
+	% \fill[orange] (A1) -- (A8) -- (A7) -- (A2) -- cycle; % face 1
+	% \node at (barycentric cs:A1=1,A8=1,A7=1,A2=1) {\tiny f1};
+	\fill[gray!50,opacity=0.2] (A1) -- (A2) -- (A3) -- (A4) -- cycle; % f2
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A1=1,A2=1,A3=1,A4=1) {\tiny };
+	\fill[gray!90,opacity=0.2] (A1) -- (A4) -- (A5) -- (A8) -- cycle; % f5
+	\node at (barycentric cs:A1=1,A4=1,A5=1,A8=1) {\tiny };
+
+	%% Possibly draw front lines
+	\draw[thin] (A1) -- (A2);
+	\draw[thin] (A3) -- (A4);
+	\draw[thin] (A7) -- (A8);
+	\draw[thin] (A1) -- (A4);
+	\draw[thin] (A1) -- (A8);
+	\draw[thin] (A2) -- (A3);
+	\draw[thin] (A2) -- (A7);
+	\draw[thin] (A4) -- (A5);
+	\draw[thin] (A8) -- (A5);
+	
+	\draw[thin] (A13) -- (A10);
+	\draw[thin] (A13) -- (A15);
+	\draw[thin] (A14) -- (A16);
+	\draw[thin] (A13) -- (A14);
+	\draw[thin] (A15) -- (A16);
+	
+	% Possibly draw points
+	% (it can help you understand the cuboid structure)
+	\foreach \i in {1,2,...,16}
+	{
+	%  \draw[fill=black] (A\i) circle (0.05em)
+	%    node[above right] {\tiny \i};
+	}
+	% \draw[fill=black] (P1) circle (0.1em) node[below] {\tiny p1};
+	% \draw[fill=black] (P2) circle (0.1em) node[below] {\tiny p2};
+	
+	%Key	
+	\coordinate (K1) at (0.5cm,-2.3cm);
+	\coordinate (K2) at (0.5cm,-2.7cm);
+	
+	
+	\node [Key1, right=0.0cm of K1] (key1) {};
+	\node [Key2, right=0.0cm of K2] (key2) {};
+	\node [Key3, right=0.4cm of K1] (key11) {Total model domain};
+	\node [Key3, right=0.4cm of K2] (key21) {Plant canopy volume};
+	
+	% % Text
+	\uncover<4->{\node [text1, right=0.7cm of A7] (text1) {{\footnotesize Note: You might have to make changes in other parts of your {\small \texttt{USER\_CODE}} according to the changes / used parameters in: \texttt{user\_init\_plant\_canopy.f90}}};}
+\end{tikzpicture}
+
+
+\end{frame}
+
+\end{document}
Index: palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/final_remarks.tex
===================================================================
--- palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/final_remarks.tex	(revision 1080)
+++ palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/final_remarks.tex	(revision 1080)
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+% $Id$
+\input{header_tmp.tex}
+%\input{../header_LECTURE.tex}
+
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{ngerman}
+\usepackage{pgf}
+\usetheme{Dresden}
+\usepackage{subfigure}
+\usepackage{units}
+\usepackage{multimedia}
+\usepackage{hyperref}
+\newcommand{\event}[1]{\newcommand{\eventname}{#1}}
+\usepackage{xmpmulti}
+\usepackage{tikz}
+\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,positioning,decorations.pathreplacing}
+\def\Tiny{\fontsize{4pt}{4pt}\selectfont}
+
+%---------- neue Pakete
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{amssymb}
+\usepackage{multicol}
+\usepackage{pdfcomment}
+\usepackage{xcolor}
+
+\institute{Institut fÃŒr Meteorologie und Klimatologie, Leibniz UniversitÃ€t Hannover}
+\date{last update: \today}
+\event{PALM Seminar}
+\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
+\setbeamersize{text margin left=.5cm,text margin right=.2cm}
+\setbeamertemplate{footline}
+  {%
+    \begin{beamercolorbox}[rightskip=-0.1cm]&
+     {\includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{imuk_logo.pdf}\hfill \includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{luh_logo.pdf}}
+    \end{beamercolorbox}
+    \begin{beamercolorbox}[ht=2.5ex,dp=1.125ex,%
+      leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=0.3cm plus1fil]{title in head/foot}%
+      {\leavevmode{\usebeamerfont{author in head/foot}\insertshortauthor} \hfill \eventname \hfill \insertframenumber \; / \inserttotalframenumber}%
+    \end{beamercolorbox}%
+%    \begin{beamercolorbox}[colsep=1.5pt]{lower separation line foot}%
+%    \end{beamercolorbox}
+  }%\logo{\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{luhimuk_logo.eps}}
+
+\title[Final Remarks]{Final Remarks}
+\author{Siegfried Raasch}
+
+% Notes:
+% jede subsection bekommt einen punkt im menu (vertikal ausgerichtet.
+% jeder frame in einer subsection bekommt einen punkt (horizontal ausgerichtet)
+\begin{document}
+% Folie 1
+\begin{frame}
+\titlepage
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 2
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Purpose of the Seminar}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<2->{Learning about fundamentals of LES modelling}
+      \item<3->{Learning to apply LES yourself} 
+      \item<4->{To become familiar with the basic structure, numerics and features of a specific
+            LES model (PALM), including its parallelization, \\ i.e. to be able:}
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<5->{to install the PALM code}
+         \item<6->{to carry out runs with PALM for different meteorological scenarios (interactive runs and batch jobs, on the computer of your choice)}
+         \item<7->{to understand and to analyze the PALM output data}
+         \item<8->{to add user-defined code to the model}
+         \item<9->{(to debug errors)}
+      \end{itemize}
+   \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 3
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{What We Did Not Present ...}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<2->{The embedded canopy model}
+      \item<3->{The embedded visualization tool {\tt dvrs} (distributed virtual reality software)}
+      \item<4->{...}
+   \end{itemize}
+   \vspace{3cm}
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 4
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{More PALM Information ...}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<2->{... about application for urban flows: \\ \par\medskip
+            \tiny{\textbf{Letzel, M.O., M. Krane and S. Raasch, 2008}: High resolution urban large-eddy simulation studies 
+            from street canyon to neighbourhood scale, Atmos. Env., 42, 8770-8784, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.08.001. \\
+            \textbf{Contact person}:    Siegfried Raasch      raasch@muk.uni-hannover.de}} 
+      \item<3->{... about non-cyclic boundary conditions: \\ \par\medskip 
+            \tiny{\textbf{Gryschka, M. and S. Raasch, 2005}: Roll Convection During a Cold Air Outbreak: A Large Eddy Simulation with Stationary Model Domain.
+            Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L14805, doi:10.1029/2005GL022872. \\ \par\medskip
+            \textbf{Gryschka, M., C. DrÃŒe, D. Etling and S. Raasch. 2008}: On the influence of sea-ice inhomogeneities onto roll convection in
+            cold-air outbreaks, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L23804, doi:10.1029/2008GL035845.\\
+            \textbf{Contact person}:    Micha Gryschka     gryschka@muk.uni-hannover.de}}
+      \item<4->{... about the Lagrangian particle model: \\ \par\medskip
+            \tiny{\textbf{Steinfeld, G., S. Raasch and T. Markkanen, 2008}: Footprints in homogeneously and heterogeneously driven boundary layers derived 
+            from a Lagrangian stochastic particle model embedded into large-eddy simulation, Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 129, 225-248.\\
+            \textbf{Contact person}:    Theres Franke     franke@muk.uni-hannover.de}}
+      \item<5->{... on our webpage: \\ \par\smallskip
+            \tiny{\textbf{http://palm.muk.uni-hannover.de}}}
+   \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 5
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{What to Do in Case of Trouble?}
+   \footnotesize
+   \begin{center}
+      \includegraphics<2->[width=0.7\textwidth]{final_remarks_figures/smiley_all.png}
+   \end{center}   
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<3->{Carefully check the output.}
+      \item<4->{Read the online documentation.}
+      \item<5->{Discuss with colleagues (if you have).}
+      \item<6->{See the ticket system under  \textbf{http://palm.muk.uni-hannover.de/wiki/tickets} \\ if anyone reported a similar problem before.}
+      \item<7->{Use the ticket system under \textbf{http://palm.muk.uni-hannover.de/newticket} \\ and provide informations as detailed as possible
+           (revision number that you are using, job protocol with error message, parameter file, run control file, other relevant 
+           output files, other relevant informations).}
+   \end{itemize}
+   \begin{center}
+      \uncover<8->{\textbf{Sorry, but we cannot guarantee to solve your problems!}} 
+   \end{center}
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 6
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Future Developments}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item{Via the PALM website, we will soon (or later) provide:}
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<2->{an online tutorial}
+         \item<3->{a data base for error messages with possible reasons for the respective errors}
+      \end{itemize} 
+   \end{itemize}
+   \vspace{4cm}
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 7
+\begin{frame}
+   \begin{center}
+      \Huge{Thank you for participating \\
+      this seminar! \\
+      \vspace{2cm}
+      \uncover<2->{Good bye! \\
+      Have a safe trip home!}}
+   \end{center}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+\end{document}
Index: palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/mrun_steering_parameters.tex
===================================================================
--- palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/mrun_steering_parameters.tex	(revision 1079)
+++ palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/mrun_steering_parameters.tex	(revision 1080)
@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@
 \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
 \usepackage{ngerman}
-\usepackage{pgf}
+% \usepackage{pgf}
 \usetheme{Dresden}
 \usepackage{subfigure}
@@ -127,5 +127,5 @@
       \begin{itemize}
          \footnotesize
-         \item[-]<5-> kind of initial profiles, restart run, main rain (following pre-run)
+         \item[-]<5-> kind of initial profiles, restart run, main run (following pre-run)
       \end{itemize}   
       
Index: palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/ncl.tex
===================================================================
--- palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/ncl.tex	(revision 1080)
+++ palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/ncl.tex	(revision 1080)
@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
+%$Id$
+\input{header_tmp.tex}
+%\input{../header_lectures.tex}
+
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{ngerman}
+\usepackage{pgf}
+\usetheme{Dresden}
+\usepackage{subfigure}
+\usepackage{units}
+\usepackage{multimedia}
+\usepackage{hyperref}
+\newcommand{\event}[1]{\newcommand{\eventname}{#1}}
+\usepackage{xmpmulti}
+\usepackage{tikz}
+\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,positioning}
+\usetikzlibrary{calc}                             %neues paket
+\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}             %neues paket
+\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}        %neues paket
+\def\Tiny{\fontsize{4pt}{4pt}\selectfont}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{amssymb}
+\usepackage{multicol}
+\usepackage{pdfcomment}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\usepackage{listings}
+\lstset{showspaces=false,language=fortran,basicstyle=
+        \ttfamily,showstringspaces=false,captionpos=b}
+
+\institute{Institut fÃŒr Meteorologie und Klimatologie, Leibniz UniversitÃ€t Hannover}
+\date{last update: \today}
+\event{PALM Seminar}
+\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
+
+\setbeamertemplate{footline}
+  {
+    \begin{beamercolorbox}[rightskip=-0.1cm]&
+     {\includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{imuk_logo.pdf}\hfill \includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{luh_logo.pdf}}
+    \end{beamercolorbox}
+    \begin{beamercolorbox}[ht=2.5ex,dp=1.125ex,
+      leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=0.3cm plus1fil]{title in head/foot}
+      {\leavevmode{\usebeamerfont{author in head/foot}\insertshortauthor} \hfill \eventname \hfill \insertframenumber \; / \inserttotalframenumber}
+    \end{beamercolorbox}
+    \begin{beamercolorbox}[colsep=1.5pt]{lower separation line foot}
+    \end{beamercolorbox}
+  }
+%\logo{\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{luhimuk_logo.pdf}}
+
+\title[Introduction to NCL]{Introduction to NCL}
+\author{Siegfried Raasch}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+% Folie 1
+\begin{frame}
+\titlepage
+\end{frame}
+
+\section{Introduction to NCL}
+\subsection{Introduction to NCL}
+
+% Folie 2
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Visualization of PALM Output Data}
+   \small
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item<1-> There are several ways how you can visualize netCDF data
+	   \item<1-> If you are lacking experience in the visualization of netCDF data or if you have not yet found your favourite way how to visualize netCDF data, here is one recommendation:
+      \item<2-> NCL â The \textbf{N}CAR \textbf{C}ommand \textbf{L}anguage
+      \item<2-> Developed by the Computational \& Information Systems Laboratory at the NCAR (continuously updated)
+      \item<2-> Detailed information is available under http://www.ncl.ucar.edu
+      \item<3-> With the information revealed in this talk you will be able to visualize the output of this week's simulations
+   \end{itemize}   
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 3
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{What is NCL and Which are its Advantages? (I)}
+   \small
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item<1-> Interpreted language designed specifically for scientific data processing and visualization, free available
+	   \item<2-> Portable: it is running on many different operating systems including Solaris, AIX, IRIX, Linux, MacOSX, DecAlpha, Cygwin/Windows
+      \item<3-> It's a powerful tool for file input and output, visualization and data analysis (but please \textbf{avoid the excessive usage of loops}, as NCL is an interpreted language) $\rightarrow$ integrated processing environment
+   \end{itemize}  
+   \centering
+   \onslide<3-> \includegraphics[scale=0.28]{ncl_figures/ncl.png}
+   
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 4
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{What is NCL and Which are its Advantages? (II)}
+   \small
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item<1-> Supports calling C and FORTRAN extended routines
+	   \item<1-> Over 600 functions and procedures for visualization and data analysis are provided with NCL
+	   \item<2-> Interactive mode: \texttt{\$ ncl}\\
+      \texttt{ncl 0>}
+      \item<3-> each line is interpreted as it is entered
+      \item<1-> Batch mode: \texttt{\$ ncl ncl\underline{ }script.ncl}\\
+      interpreter of complete scripts, variables within the NCL script can\\
+      be steered by providing additional parameters with the ncl call\\
+      \texttt{\$ ncl ncl\underline{ }script.ncl parameter1=value}
+      \texttt{'parameter2=\dq string\dq ' ...}
+   \end{itemize}  
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 5
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{What is NCL and Which are its Advantages? (III)}
+
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item<1-> Complete Programming Language
+	   \begin{itemize}   
+	      \footnotesize
+	      \item<1-> data types
+	      \item<1-> variables
+	      \item<1-> operators
+	      \item<1-> expressions
+	      \item<1-> loops
+	      \item<1-> functions/procedures/graphics
+      \end{itemize}  
+	   \item<2-> Features
+	   \begin{itemize}   
+	      \footnotesize
+	      \item<2-> query / manipulate meta data
+	      \item<2-> import data in a variety of formats
+	      \item<2-> array syntax / operations
+	      \item<2-> can use user FORTRAN/C codes and commercial libraries
+	      \item<2-> most functions/procedures ignore missing data
+      \end{itemize}  
+   \end{itemize}  
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 6
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{How to Install NCL (Under Linux) (I)?}
+   \small
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item<1-> Detailed information is available under\\
+      \underline{http://www.ncl.ucar.edu/Download/index.shtml}
+	   \item<1-> Request an Earth System Grid account
+      \underline{http://www.earthsystemgrid.org/}
+	   \item<2-> Download the appropriate binaries e.g. \texttt{A.tar.gz} for your system e.g. to \texttt{\$HOME}
+      \item<2-> \texttt{\% gunzip \$HOME/A.tar.gz}
+      \item<2-> \texttt{\% mkdir -p /usr/local}\\
+      \quad \texttt{\% cd /usr/local}\\
+      \quad \texttt{\% tar -xvf \$HOME/A.tar}
+   \end{itemize}  
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 7
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{How to Install NCL (Under Linux) (II)?}
+   \footnotesize 
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item<1-> Set the \texttt{NCARG\underline{ }ROOT} environment variable and your search path to where NCL/NCARG resides\\
+	   csh: \texttt{setenv NCARG\underline{ }ROOT /usr/local/}\\
+	   \hspace{1.6em} \texttt{setenv PATH /usr/local/bin:\$PATH}\\
+	   bash/ksh: \texttt{export NCARG\underline{ }ROOT=/usr/local/}\\
+	   \hspace{4.1em} \texttt{export PATH=/usr/local/bin:\$PATH}\\
+	   \vspace{3mm}
+      \item<2-> Set the DISPLAY environment variable to indicate where to display graphics as for any X11 Windows application that you run\\
+      e.g. ksh: \texttt{export DISPLAY=localhost:13.0}, or use \texttt{ssh -X} to tunnel X-communication.\\
+      \vspace{3mm}
+      \item<3-> Test your NCL installation\\
+      \quad \texttt{\% ng4ex gsun01}\\
+      NCL script gsun01n.ncl is copied to your working directory and run through NCL. An X11 window should pop up.
+   \end{itemize}  
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 8
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{NCL Scripts Delivered with PALM (I)}
+   \footnotesize 
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item<1-> Together with the PALM installation you have also received four NCL scripts, a configuration file and a manual; they can be found in the directory\\
+	   \texttt{\$HOME/palm/current\underline{ }version/trunk/SCRIPTS/NCL/}
+      \item<2-> All standard netCDF data output of PALM can be visualized by one of the scripts:
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \scriptsize
+         \item[-]<2-> \texttt{cross\underline{ }sections.ncl} (2D/3D data, e.g. contour or vector plots)
+         \item[-]<2-> \texttt{profiles.ncl} (profile data)
+         \item[-]<2-> \texttt{timeseries.ncl} (time series data)
+         \item[-]<2-> \texttt{spectra.ncl} (spectra data)
+      \end{itemize}  
+      \item<3-> To run these NCL scripts you can use the shell script \texttt{palmplot} which can be found in the directory\\
+      \texttt{\$HOME/palm/current\underline{ }version/trunk/SCRIPTS}
+      \item<4-> The output of the plots can be changed with several parameters; these parameters can be either written in the prompt (when calling the shell script \texttt{palmplot}) or modified within the configuration file \texttt{.ncl.config}
+   \end{itemize}  
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 9
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{NCL Scripts Delivered with PALM (II)}
+
+   Using \texttt{.ncl.config}
+   \small
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item[-]<1-> Please create a personal configuration file by copying the default configuration file \texttt{.ncl.config.default} to the PALM working directory \texttt{\$HOME/palm/current\underline{ }version} and naming it \texttt{.ncl.config}
+	   \item[-]<2-> \texttt{.ncl.config} is used by NCL directly, thus the parameters have to be written according to the rules of the scripting language NCL
+	   \item[-]<3-> The configuration file contains all steering parameters with a short description and can be modified to personal needs
+   \end{itemize}  
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 10
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{NCL Scripts Delivered with PALM (III)}
+
+   Using \texttt{palmplot} (I)
+   \footnotesize
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item[-]<1-> The shell script is used as follows:\\
+      \texttt{palmplot <plot\underline{ }identifier>}
+      \item[-]<1-> \texttt{<plot\underline{ }identifier>} has to be \texttt{xy}, \texttt{xz}, \texttt{yz}, \texttt{pr}, \texttt{sp} or \texttt{ts} depending on the data to be plotted
+   \end{itemize}     
+   \vspace{3mm}
+   \onslide<2->\begin{tabular}{ccc}
+      \textbf{plot\underline{ }identifier} & \textbf{data used} & \textbf{ncl script}\\
+	   xy & instantaneous or time-averaged xy or 3D data & cross\underline{ }sections.ncl\\
+	   xz & instantaneous or time-averaged xz or 3D data & cross\underline{ }sections.ncl\\
+	   yz & instantaneous or time-averaged yz or 3D data & cross\underline{ }sections.ncl\\
+	   pr & profile or 3D data & profiles.ncl\\
+	   sp & spectra data & spectra.ncl\\
+	   ts & time series data & timeseries.ncl\\ 
+   \end{tabular}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 11
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{NCL Scripts Delivered with PALM (IV)}
+
+   Using \texttt{palmplot} (II)
+   \footnotesize
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item[-]<1-> To change the output of the plot you can also use:\\
+      \scriptsize \texttt{palmplot \textbf{plot\underline{ }identifier} parameter=value parameter=string ...} 
+      \footnotesize \\
+      \vspace{2mm}
+      \item[-]<2-> A list of all available parameters can be found in the configuration file \texttt{.ncl.config} or in the documentation:\\
+      \uncover<3->{\texttt{http://palm.muk.uni-hannover.de/wiki/doc/app/nclparlist}}\\
+      \vspace{2mm}
+      \item[-]<4-> Parameters specified in the prompt override parameters given in the configuration file\\
+      \vspace{2mm}
+      \item[-]<5-> String parameters which can contain lists (\texttt{var}, \texttt{c\underline{ }var}, \texttt{vec1}, \texttt{vec2}, \texttt{plotvec}) have to be set in single quotes and the list itself has to be separated by blanks, e.g. \texttt{var='pt u w'}\\
+      \vspace{2mm}
+      \item[-]<1-> A short introduction for using the shell script is given by typing\\
+      \texttt{palmplot ?}
+   \end{itemize}     
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 12
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Application Example: Visualization of the Output of the Example Run (example\underline{ }cbl) (I)}
+   \small
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item<1-> Starting the example run with the command\\
+	   \vspace{2mm}
+      \texttt{mrun -d example\underline{ }cbl ... -r 'd3\# pr\# ts\# xy\# xz\#'}\\
+      \vspace{2mm}
+      results in the following output files in\\
+      \vspace{2mm}
+      \texttt{\$HOME/palm/current\underline{ }version/JOBS/example\underline{ }cbl/OUTPUT/}:\\
+      \texttt{example\underline{ }cbl\underline{ }pr.nc}, \texttt{example\underline{ }cbl\underline{ }xy.nc}, \texttt{example\underline{ }cbl\underline{ }xz.nc},\\
+      \texttt{example\underline{ }cbl\underline{ }ts.nc}
+      \item<2-> Example: Visualization of the time series data\\
+      \vspace{2mm}
+      Goal: Output as eps-file \texttt{timeseries.eps} (by default the plot would be output to an X11 window)
+   \end{itemize}     
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 13
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Application Example: Visualization of the Output of the Example Run (example\underline{ }cbl) (II)}
+   \small
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item<1-> In order to reach the goal you can either ...
+      \item<1-> ... Change to the directory\\
+      \texttt{\$HOME/palm/current\underline{ }version/JOBS/example\underline{ }cbl/OUTPUT/}\\
+      and use the shell script with the command\\
+      \vspace{2mm}
+      \texttt{palmplot ts file\underline{ }1=example\underline{ }cbl\underline{ }ts.nc format\underline{ }out=eps file\underline{ }out=timeseries}\\
+      \vspace{2mm}
+      Thus, the script \texttt{timeseries.ncl} is called and some of the parameters in the configuration file \texttt{.ncl.config} are directly set by specifying the related parameters in the command line,\\
+      \vspace{2mm}
+      \onslide<2-> e.g. \texttt{file\underline{ }1 = <netCDF file>} \textbf{(Note: the input file has always to be specified!)}, \texttt{file\underline{ }out = <output file>}
+   \end{itemize}     
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 14
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Application Example: Visualization of the Output of the Example Run (example\underline{ }cbl) (III)}
+   \footnotesize
+   ... or you can modify the configuration file \texttt{.ncl.config}, e.g.\\
+   \vspace{2mm}
+   \texttt{if(.not. isvar(\dq file\underline{ }1\dq))then}\\
+   \quad \quad \texttt{file\underline{ }1 = \dq File in\dq}\\
+   \texttt{end if}\\
+   \vspace{2mm}
+   \onslide<2-> has to be changed to\\
+   \vspace{2mm}
+\texttt{if(.not. isvar(\dq file\underline{ }1\dq))then}\\
+   \quad \quad \texttt{file\underline{ }1 = \dq \$HOME/palm/current\underline{ }version/JOBS/example\underline{ }cbl/OUTPUT/example\underline{ }cbl\underline{ }ts.nc\dq}\\
+   \texttt{end if}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 15
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Application Example: Visualization of the Output of the Example Run (example\underline{ }cbl) (IV)}
+   \footnotesize
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1-> Both ways will lead to the creation of a new file called \texttt{timeseries.eps} in the directory\\
+      \texttt{\$HOME/palm/current\underline{ }version/JOBS/example\underline{ }cbl/OUTPUT/}
+   \end{itemize}
+   \centering
+   \onslide<2->\includegraphics[scale=0.4]{ncl_figures/vis1.png}
+   
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 16
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{Application Example: Visualization of the Output of the Example Run (example\underline{ }cbl) (V)}
+   \footnotesize
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<1-> If you only want to get the plot of the time series of one variable, e.g. the maximum of the velocity component u, you can add the command line parameter \texttt{var='umax'} or modify the configuration file respectively, e.g.\\
+      \vspace{2mm}
+      \texttt{if(.not. isvar(\dq var\dq ))then}\\
+      \quad \quad \texttt{var = \dq ,umax,\dq }\\	 
+      \texttt{end if}
+   \end{itemize}
+   \centering
+   \onslide<2->\includegraphics[scale=0.7]{ncl_figures/vis2.png}
+   
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 17
+\begin{frame}[t]
+   \tikzstyle{plain} = [rectangle, text width=0.27\textwidth, font=\small]
+   \frametitle{Application Example: Visualization of the Output of the Example Run (example\underline{ }cbl) (VI)}
+   \footnotesize
+   Plot profiles with the command\\
+   \quad \texttt{palmplot pr file\underline{ }1=example\underline{ }cbl\underline{ }pr.nc}\\
+   \vspace{3mm}
+   Profiles of same dimension are plotted\\
+   together, e.g. total, resolved and\\
+   subgridscale temperature flux (default)\\
+   \vspace{3mm}
+   (This composition is written to the\\
+   NetCDF header by the \texttt{d3par}\\
+   parameter \texttt{cross\underline{ }profiles})\\
+   \vspace{3mm}
+   If you add the parameter var=all to\\
+   the command, all profiles will be plotted\\
+   separately 
+   \begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture, overlay]
+      \node at (current page.north west){%
+      \begin{tikzpicture}[overlay]
+         \node[plain,anchor=west] at (72mm,-51.5mm) {\includegraphics[scale=0.32]{ncl_figures/vis3.png}};
+      \end{tikzpicture}
+      };
+   \end{tikzpicture}
+   
+\end{frame}
+
+% Folie 18
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{More Comments}
+   \small
+   \begin{itemize}     
+	   \item<1-> The other NCL scripts delivered with PALM can be used in a similar way, however the parameters that can be specified differ from script to script
+	   \item<2-> There are plenty of parameters for each script. Please have a look to the NCL documentation (\texttt{http://palm.muk.uni-hannover.de/wiki/doc/app/nclparlist}) for detailed information 
+      \item<1-> If one of the program aborts and there is no comment, check the configuration file - the scripts should not abort with the default values. Be sure to use the right data type (e.g.: integer = 2; float = 2.0; double = 2.0d; string = \dq name\dq )  
+   \end{itemize}   
+\end{frame}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+\end{document}
Index: palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/ocean_version.tex
===================================================================
--- palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/ocean_version.tex	(revision 1080)
+++ palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/ocean_version.tex	(revision 1080)
@@ -0,0 +1,749 @@
+%$Id$
+\input{header_tmp.tex}
+%\input{../header_lectures.tex}
+
+%\documentclass{beamer}
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage{ngerman}
+\usepackage{pgf}
+\usetheme{Dresden}
+\usepackage{subfigure}
+\usepackage{units}
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{multimedia}
+\newcommand{\event}[1]{\newcommand{\eventname}{#1}}
+\usepackage{xmpmulti}
+\usepackage{tikz}
+\usepackage{pdfcomment}
+\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,positioning}
+\def\Tiny{\fontsize{4pt}{4pt}\selectfont}
+\usepackage{listings}
+\lstset{language=[90]Fortran,
+  basicstyle=\ttfamily \tiny,
+  keywordstyle=\color{black},
+  commentstyle=\color{black},
+  morecomment=[l]{!\ }% Comment only with space after !
+}
+
+
+\institute{Institut fÃŒr Meteorologie und Klimatologie, Leibniz UniversitÃ€t Hannover}
+\date{last update: \today}
+\event{PALM Seminar}
+\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
+
+\setbeamertemplate{footline}
+  {%
+    \begin{beamercolorbox}[rightskip=-0.1cm]&
+     {\includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{imuk_logo.pdf}\hfill \includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{luh_logo.pdf}}
+    \end{beamercolorbox}
+    \begin{beamercolorbox}[ht=2.5ex,dp=1.125ex,%
+      leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=0.3cm plus1fil]{title in head/foot}%
+      {\leavevmode{\usebeamerfont{author in head/foot}\insertshortauthor} \hfill \eventname \hfill \insertframenumber \; / \inserttotalframenumber}%
+    \end{beamercolorbox}%
+%    \begin{beamercolorbox}[colsep=1.5pt]{lower separation line foot}%
+%    \end{beamercolorbox}
+  }
+%\logo{\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{luhimuk_logo.png}}
+
+\title[PALM Ocean Version]{PALM Ocean Version}
+\author{Siegfried Raasch}
+
+
+% Notes:
+% jede subsection bekommt einen punkt im menu (vertikal ausgerichtet.
+% jeder frame in einer subsection bekommt einen punkt (horizontal ausgerichtet)
+\begin{document}
+
+\begin{frame}
+\titlepage
+\end{frame}
+
+\section{PALM Ocean Version}
+\subsection{PALM Ocean Version}
+
+%Folie 01
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Ocean Version - General Features}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<2->{Ocean and atmosphere version are sharing the same code.}
+      \item<3->{The ocean version is switched on by setting the  +inipar - parameter:\\\quad{\tiny \texttt{ocean = .TRUE.}}}
+      \item<4->{There are only few parts in the code which differ between both versions. In the ocean version:}
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<5->{an additional prognostic equation for salinity is solved,}
+         \item<6->{in the buoyancy term (w-equation) and the stability-related terms (SGS-TKE-equation), potential temperature is replaced by potential density,}
+         \item<7->{density is calculated from the nonlinear equation of state for seawater. So far, only the initial hydrostatic pressure is entered into this equation.}
+      \end{itemize}
+   \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+%Folie 02
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Ocean Version - Equations}
+   \vspace{15pt}
+
+   \tikzstyle{white} = [rectangle, text width=0.9\textwidth, font=\normalsize]
+   \tikzstyle{space} = [rectangle, text width=0.01\textwidth, font=\normalsize]
+   \tikzstyle{clear} = [rectangle, draw, text width=0.55\textwidth, minimum size=15pt, font=\small]
+   \tikzstyle{clear2} = [rectangle, draw, text width=0.18\textwidth, minimum size=40pt, font=\normalsize]
+   \tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -]
+   \tikzstyle{red} = [rectangle, draw, color=red, text width=0.28\textwidth, minimum size=40pt, font=\normalsize]
+
+
+
+   \begin{tikzpicture}[auto, node distance=0]
+      \uncover<1->{\node [white] (first) {
+      Momentum:
+      \begin{align*}
+        \frac{\partial \bar{u}_i}{\partial t} =& - \frac{\partial \bar{u}_k \bar{u}_i}{\partial x_k} - \frac{1}{\rho_0} \frac{\partial \bar{p}^*}{\partial x_i} - \varepsilon_{ijk} f_{j} (\bar{u}_k-\bar{u}_{k_g}) - \delta_{i3} g \frac{\bar{\rho}- \tilde{\bar{\rho}}}{\rho_{ref}} - \frac{\partial \overline{u'_k u'_i}}{\partial x_k}\\
+      \intertext{Potential Temperature:}
+        \frac{\partial \bar{\theta}}{\partial t} =& - \frac{\partial \bar{u}_k \bar{\theta}}{\partial x_k} - \frac{\partial \overline{u'_k \theta'}}{\partial x_k}\\
+      \intertext{Salinity:}
+        \frac{\partial \bar{S}}{\partial t} =& - \frac{\partial \bar{u}_k \bar{S}}{\partial x_k} - \frac{\partial \overline{u'_k S'}}{\partial x_k}
+      \end{align*}
+      };}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [white, right=-7.3cm of first] (second) {};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [clear, below=-1.2cm of second] (density) {
+      Density r = r(S,q,ph) is calculated from the equation of state for seawater using the algorithm from Jackett et al. (2006)
+      };}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [space, below=1.0cm of density] (space) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [space, left=2.35cm of space] (kontis) {\begin{align*}\frac{\partial \bar{u}_k}{\partial x_k} = 0\end{align*}};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [space, right=-0.28cm of space] (reds) {\begin{align*}\frac{\partial^2 \bar{p}^*}{\partial x_{k}^{2}} = \frac{\rho_0}{\Delta t}\frac{\partial \hat{\bar{u}}_k}{\partial x_k}\end{align*}};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [space, below=1.2cm of density] (space2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [clear2, left=0.7cm of space2] (konti) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [red, right=-0.38cm of space2] (red) {};}
+
+   \end{tikzpicture}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+
+%Folie 03
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Ocean Version - Grid Structure and Conventions}
+
+   \tikzstyle{grid} = [rectangle, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{w} = [rectangle, draw, color=green, fill=green!50, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{u} = [circle, draw, color=gray, fill=gray!50, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{scalar} = [diamond, draw, color=red, fill=red!50, minimum size=4pt]
+   \tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -]
+   
+   \tikzstyle{label} = [rectangle, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{labelred} = [rectangle, color=red, font=\tiny]
+   \tikzstyle{2dtextbox} = [rectangle, align=center, fill=white!100, text width=0.42\textwidth, minimum size=35pt, font=\tiny]
+
+   \begin{tikzpicture}[auto, node distance=0,inner sep=0mm,>=latex', edge from parent path=
+   {(\tikzparentnode.west) .. controls +(-0.15,0) and +(0.15,0) .. (\tikzchildnode.east)}]
+
+
+%grid
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid] (grid11) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid11] (grid12) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid12] (grid13) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid13] (grid14) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid14] (grid15) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of grid11] (grid21) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid21] (grid22) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid22] (grid23) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid23] (grid24) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid24] (grid25) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of grid21] (grid31) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid31] (grid32) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid32] (grid33) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid33] (grid34) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid34] (grid35) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of grid31] (grid41) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid41] (grid42) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid42] (grid43) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid43] (grid44) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid44] (grid45) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of grid41] (grid51) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid51] (grid52) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid52] (grid53) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid53] (grid54) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid54] (grid55) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of grid51] (grid61) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid61] (grid62) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid62] (grid63) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid63] (grid64) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid64] (grid65) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of grid61] (grid71) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid71] (grid72) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid72] (grid73) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid73] (grid74) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid74] (grid75) {};}
+
+
+
+%horzontal lines
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid11.west) -- (grid12.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid12.west) -- (grid13.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid13.west) -- (grid14.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid14.west) -- (grid15.east);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid21.west) -- (grid22.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid22.west) -- (grid23.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid23.west) -- (grid24.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid24.west) -- (grid25.east);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid31.west) -- (grid32.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid32.west) -- (grid33.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid33.west) -- (grid34.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid34.west) -- (grid35.east);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid41.west) -- (grid42.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid42.west) -- (grid43.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid43.west) -- (grid44.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid44.west) -- (grid45.east);
+
+%vertical lines
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid11.north) -- (grid21.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid12.north) -- (grid22.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid13.north) -- (grid23.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid14.north) -- (grid24.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid15.north) -- (grid25.south);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid21.north) -- (grid31.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid22.north) -- (grid32.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid23.north) -- (grid33.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid24.north) -- (grid34.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid25.north) -- (grid35.south);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid31.north) -- (grid41.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid32.north) -- (grid42.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid33.north) -- (grid43.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid34.north) -- (grid44.south);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid35.north) -- (grid45.south);
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->] (grid41.south) -- (grid51.north);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->] (grid42.south) -- (grid52.north);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->] (grid43.south) -- (grid53.north);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->] (grid44.south) -- (grid54.north);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->] (grid45.south) -- (grid55.north);}
+
+%gridmarks
+%drawing the w
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.22cm of grid11] (w11) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w11] (w12) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w12] (w13) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w13] (w14) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, below=0.6cm of w11] (w21) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w21] (w22) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w22] (w23) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w23] (w24) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, below=0.6cm of w21] (w31) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w31] (w32) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w32] (w33) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w33] (w34) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, below=0.6cm of w31] (w41) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w41] (w42) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w42] (w43) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w43] (w44) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of w41] (w51) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of w51] (w52) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of w52] (w53) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of w53] (w54) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of w51] (w61) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of w61] (w62) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of w62] (w63) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of w63] (w64) {};}
+      
+
+
+%drawing the u
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, below=0.22cm of grid11] (u11) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u11] (u12) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u12] (u13) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u13] (u14) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u14] (u15) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, below=0.6cm of u11] (u21) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u21] (u22) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u22] (u23) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u23] (u24) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u24] (u25) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, below=0.6cm of u21] (u31) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u31] (u32) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u32] (u33) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u33] (u34) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u34] (u35) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, below=0.6cm of u31] (u41) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u41] (u42) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u42] (u43) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u43] (u44) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u44] (u45) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of u41] (u51) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of u51] (u52) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of u52] (u53) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of u53] (u54) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of u54] (u55) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of u51] (u61) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of u61] (u62) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of u62] (u63) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of u63] (u64) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of u64] (u65) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, below=0.6cm of u61] (u71) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u71] (u72) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u72] (u73) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u73] (u74) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, right=0.6cm of u74] (u75) {};}
+
+%horzontal line,dotteds
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u11.east) -- (u12.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u12.east) -- (u13.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u13.east) -- (u14.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u14.east) -- (u15.west);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u21.east) -- (u22.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u22.east) -- (u23.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u23.east) -- (u24.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u24.east) -- (u25.west);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u31.east) -- (u32.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u32.east) -- (u33.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u33.east) -- (u34.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u34.east) -- (u35.west);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u41.east) -- (u42.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u42.east) -- (u43.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u43.east) -- (u44.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u44.east) -- (u45.west);
+
+%vertical line,dotted
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w11.south) -- (w21.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w12.south) -- (w22.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w13.south) -- (w23.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w14.south) -- (w24.north);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w21.south) -- (w31.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w22.south) -- (w32.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w23.south) -- (w33.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w24.south) -- (w34.north);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w31.south) -- (w41.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w32.south) -- (w42.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w33.south) -- (w43.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w34.south) -- (w44.north);
+
+
+%drawing the scalar
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, below=0.22cm of w11] (scalar11) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar11] (scalar12) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar12] (scalar13) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar13] (scalar14) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, below=0.6cm of scalar11] (scalar21) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar21] (scalar22) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar22] (scalar23) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar23] (scalar24) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, below=0.6cm of scalar21] (scalar31) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar31] (scalar32) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar32] (scalar33) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar33] (scalar34) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, below=0.6cm of scalar31] (scalar41) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar41] (scalar42) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar42] (scalar43) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar43] (scalar44) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of scalar41] (scalar51) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of scalar51] (scalar52) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of scalar52] (scalar53) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of scalar53] (scalar54) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of scalar51] (scalar61) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of scalar61] (scalar62) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of scalar62] (scalar63) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of scalar63] (scalar64) {};}
+
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w41.south) -- (scalar41.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w42.south) -- (scalar42.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w43.south) -- (scalar43.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w44.south) -- (scalar44.north);
+
+
+%continue the grid at the bottom
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u51.south) -- (grid61.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u52.south) -- (grid62.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u53.south) -- (grid63.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u54.south) -- (grid64.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u55.south) -- (grid65.north);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid71.west) -- (grid72.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid72.west) -- (grid73.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid73.west) -- (grid74.east);
+      \path<1-> [line] (grid74.west) -- (grid75.east);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line] (u61.south) -- (u71.north);
+      \path<1-> [line] (u62.south) -- (u72.north);
+      \path<1-> [line] (u63.south) -- (u73.north);
+      \path<1-> [line] (u64.south) -- (u74.north);
+      \path<1-> [line] (u65.south) -- (u75.north);
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, below=0.6cm of w61] (w71) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w71] (w72) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w72] (w73) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, right=0.6cm of w73] (w74) {};}
+
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u71.east) -- (u72.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u72.east) -- (u73.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u73.east) -- (u74.west);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (u74.east) -- (u75.west);
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, below=0.6cm of scalar61] (scalar71) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar71] (scalar72) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar72] (scalar73) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, right=0.6cm of scalar73] (scalar74) {};}
+
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w71.south) -- (scalar71.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w72.south) -- (scalar72.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w73.south) -- (scalar73.north);
+      \path<1-> [line,dotted] (w74.south) -- (scalar74.north);
+
+
+
+%legende 2D
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.6cm of grid11] (2Dlegend00) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of 2Dlegend00] (2Dlegend10) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.6cm of 2Dlegend00] (2Dlegend01) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, color=red] (2Dlegend00.center) -- (2Dlegend10.east);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, color=black] (2Dlegend00.center) -- (2Dlegend01.north);}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, above=0.8cm of 2Dlegend00] (2Dlegend01label) {w,z,k};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, right=0.8cm of 2Dlegend00] (2Dlegend10label) {u,x,i};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [scalar, above=0.6cm of grid14] (2Dlegendscalar) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, right=0.1cm of 2Dlegendscalar] (2Dlegendscalarlabel) {: scalar (e.g. pt)};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [u, above=0.22cm of 2Dlegendscalar] (2Dlegendu) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, right=0.1cm of 2Dlegendu] (2Dlegendulabel) {: u};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [w, above=0.22cm of 2Dlegendu] (2Dlegendw) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, right=0.1cm of 2Dlegendw] (2Dlegendwlabel) {: w};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.22cm of 2Dlegendw] (2Dlegendspacing) {};}
+
+
+%2D Grid Label right
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.035cm of grid15] (rightlabelgrid1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of rightlabelgrid1] (rightlabelgrid2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of rightlabelgrid2] (rightlabelgrid3) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of rightlabelgrid3] (rightlabelgrid4) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of rightlabelgrid4] (rightlabelgrid5) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of rightlabelgrid5] (rightlabelgrid6) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of rightlabelgrid6] (rightlabelgrid7) {};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node[label, right=0.30cm of rightlabelgrid1] (2Dgridlabelnzt1) {\: k = nzt + 1}
+         child {node [grid, right=0cm of grid15] {}}
+         child {node [grid, right=0cm of u15] {}};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node[label, right=0.30cm of rightlabelgrid2] (2Dgridlabelnzt2) {\: k = nzt}
+         child {node [grid, right=0cm of grid25] {}}
+         child {node [grid, right=0cm of u25] {}};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node[label, right=0.30cm of rightlabelgrid7] (2Dgridlabelnzt7) {\: k = nzb ($\sim0$)}
+         child {node [grid, right=0cm of grid75] {}}
+         child {node [grid, right=0cm of u75] {}};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.62cm of u25] (rightlabelarrowtop) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.62cm of grid75] (rightlabelarrowbottom) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, dotted] (rightlabelarrowtop.south) -- (rightlabelarrowbottom.north);}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.2cm of grid25] (grid26) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of grid26] (grid27) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.3cm of grid27] (grid28) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, dashed, color=red] (grid28.center) -- (grid26.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [labelred, above=-0.05cm of grid27] (grid27) {(sea sfc)};}
+
+%2D Grid Label left
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=1.4cm of grid11] (leftlabelgrid1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of leftlabelgrid1] (leftlabelgrid3) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of leftlabelgrid3] (leftlabelgrid5) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of leftlabelgrid5] (leftlabelgrid7) {};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.22cm of leftlabelgrid1] (leftlabelgrid2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of leftlabelgrid2] (leftlabelgrid4) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of leftlabelgrid4] (leftlabelgrid6) {};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node[label, right=0cm of leftlabelgrid2] {$\text{z}=+\frac{\Delta \text{z}}{2}$};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node[label, right=0cm of leftlabelgrid3] {$\text{z}=0$};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node[label, right=0cm of leftlabelgrid4] {$\text{z}=-\frac{\Delta \text{z}}{2}$};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node[label, right=0cm of leftlabelgrid5] {$\text{z}=-\Delta \text{z}$};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node[label, right=0cm of leftlabelgrid7] {$\text{z}=-2\Delta \text{z}$};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.22cm of grid11] (leftarrowgrid1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of leftarrowgrid1] (leftarrowgrid3) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of leftarrowgrid3] (leftarrowgrid5) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of leftarrowgrid5] (leftarrowgrid7) {};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.22cm of leftarrowgrid1] (leftarrowgrid2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of leftarrowgrid2] (leftarrowgrid4) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.6cm of leftarrowgrid4] (leftarrowgrid6) {};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, dotted] (u11.west) -- (leftarrowgrid2.east);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, dotted] (grid21.west) -- (leftarrowgrid3.east);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, dotted] (u21.west) -- (leftarrowgrid4.east);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, dotted] (grid31.west) -- (leftarrowgrid5.east);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, dotted] (grid41.west) -- (leftarrowgrid7.east);}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.035cm of grid41] (leftlabelarrowtopbase) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=1.058cm of leftlabelarrowtopbase] (leftlabelarrowtop) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=1.058cm of grid71] (leftlabelarrowbottom) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, dotted] (leftlabelarrowtop.south) -- (leftlabelarrowbottom.north);}
+
+%2D textbox
+      \uncover<2->{\node [2dtextbox, below=0.25cm of u43] (2dtextbox) {
+         z=0 (sea surface) is assumed at the \textbf{model top}\\ 
+         (vertical grid index k=nzt on the w-grid),\\ 
+         with negative values of z indicating the depth.
+      };}
+
+%------------------------------------3D--------------------------
+
+%grid
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=5.0cm of grid11] (2grid11) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid11] (2grid12) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid12] (2grid13) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid13] (2grid14) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid14] (2grid15) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.9cm of 2grid11] (2grid21) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid21] (2grid22) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid22] (2grid23) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid23] (2grid24) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid24] (2grid25) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.9cm of 2grid21] (2grid31) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid31] (2grid32) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid32] (2grid33) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid33] (2grid34) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid34] (2grid35) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.9cm of 2grid31] (2grid41) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid41] (2grid42) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid42] (2grid43) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid43] (2grid44) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid44] (2grid45) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.9cm of 2grid41] (2grid51) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid51] (2grid52) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid52] (2grid53) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid53] (2grid54) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid54] (2grid55) {};}
+
+
+      \fill [fill=blue!20] (2grid12.center)  -- (2grid21.center) -- (2grid51.center) -- (2grid54.center) -- (2grid24.center) -- (2grid15.center);
+      \fill [fill=blue!50] (2grid15.center)  -- (2grid24.center) -- (2grid54.center) -- (2grid45.center) -- (2grid15.center);
+
+      \path<1-> [line] (2grid21.center) -- (2grid51.center);
+      \path<1-> [line] (2grid51.center) -- (2grid54.center);
+      \path<1-> [line] (2grid54.center) -- (2grid24.center);
+      \path<1-> [line] (2grid24.center) -- (2grid21.center);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line,dashed] (2grid42.center) -- (2grid12.center);
+      \path<1-> [line,dashed] (2grid42.center) -- (2grid45.center);
+      \path<1-> [line] (2grid45.center) -- (2grid15.center);
+      \path<1-> [line] (2grid15.center) -- (2grid12.center);
+      
+      \path<1-> [line] (2grid21.center) -- (2grid12.center);
+      \path<1-> [line] (2grid24.center) -- (2grid15.center);
+      \path<1-> [line] (2grid54.center) -- (2grid45.center);
+      \path<1-> [line,dashed] (2grid42.center) -- (2grid51.center);
+
+
+%legende 3D
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.6cm of 2grid12] (3Dlegend00) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.6cm of 3Dlegend00] (3Dlegend10) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.6cm of 3Dlegend00] (3Dlegend01) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, color=red] (3Dlegend00.center) -- (3Dlegend10.east);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, color=black] (3Dlegend00.center) -- (3Dlegend01.north);}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.2cm of 3Dlegend00] (3Dlegend010base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.2cm of 3Dlegend010base] (3Dlegend010) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, color=blue] (3Dlegend00.center) -- (3Dlegend010.center);}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, above=0.8cm of 3Dlegend00] (3Dlegend001label) {w,z,k};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, right=0.8cm of 3Dlegend00] (3Dlegend100label) {u,x,i};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, right=0cm of 3Dlegend010] (3Dlegend010label) {v,y,j};}
+
+%mini koordinaten 3D
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.375cm of 2grid11] (3Dkoordgrid11base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.375cm of 3Dkoordgrid11base] (3Dkoordgrid11) {};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.375cm of 2grid13] (3Dkoord1base) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.375cm of 2grid31] (3Dkoord2base) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.375cm of 2grid42] (3Dkoord3basebase) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.375cm of 3Dkoord3basebase] (3Dkoord3base) {};}
+     
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.375cm of 2grid24] (3Dkoord4basebase) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.375cm of 3Dkoord4basebase] (3Dkoord4base) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.375cm of 2grid35] (3Dkoord5base) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.375cm of 2grid53] (3Dkoord6base) {};}
+      
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.9cm of 2grid32] (3Dkoord7base) {};}
+
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.15cm of 3Dkoord1base] (3Dkoord1x1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.15cm of 3Dkoord1base] (3Dkoord1x2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.15cm of 3Dkoord1base] (3Dkoord1z1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.15cm of 3Dkoord1base] (3Dkoord1z2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.03cm of 3Dkoord1base] (3Dkoord1y1base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.03cm of 3Dkoord1y1base] (3Dkoord1y1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.03cm of 3Dkoord1base] (3Dkoord1y2base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.03cm of 3Dkoord1y2base] (3Dkoord1y2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=red] (3Dkoord1x1.center) -- (3Dkoord1x2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=blue] (3Dkoord1y1.center) -- (3Dkoord1y2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<-, color=black] (3Dkoord1z1.center) -- (3Dkoord1base.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, right=0.2cm of 3Dkoord1y1] (3Dkoord1baselabel) {$\text{w}_{\text{i,j,k}}$};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.15cm of 3Dkoord2base] (3Dkoord2x1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.15cm of 3Dkoord2base] (3Dkoord2x2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.15cm of 3Dkoord2base] (3Dkoord2z1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.15cm of 3Dkoord2base] (3Dkoord2z2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.03cm of 3Dkoord2base] (3Dkoord2y1base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.03cm of 3Dkoord2y1base] (3Dkoord2y1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.03cm of 3Dkoord2base] (3Dkoord2y2base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.03cm of 3Dkoord2y2base] (3Dkoord2y2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, color=red] (3Dkoord2base.center) -- (3Dkoord2x2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=blue] (3Dkoord2y1.center) -- (3Dkoord2y2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=black] (3Dkoord2z1.center) -- (3Dkoord2z2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, below=0cm of 3Dkoord2z1] (3Dkoord2baselabel) {$\text{u}_{\text{i,j,k}}$};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.15cm of 3Dkoord3base] (3Dkoord3x1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.15cm of 3Dkoord3base] (3Dkoord3x2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.15cm of 3Dkoord3base] (3Dkoord3z1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.15cm of 3Dkoord3base] (3Dkoord3z2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.03cm of 3Dkoord3base] (3Dkoord3y1base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.03cm of 3Dkoord3y1base] (3Dkoord3y1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.03cm of 3Dkoord3base] (3Dkoord3y2base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.03cm of 3Dkoord3y2base] (3Dkoord3y2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=red] (3Dkoord3x1.center) -- (3Dkoord3x2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, color=blue] (3Dkoord3base.center) -- (3Dkoord3y2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=black] (3Dkoord3z1.center) -- (3Dkoord3z2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, right=0.2cm of 3Dkoord3y1] (3Dkoord3baselabel) {$\text{v}_{\text{i,j,k}}$};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.15cm of 3Dkoord4base] (3Dkoord4x1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.15cm of 3Dkoord4base] (3Dkoord4x2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.15cm of 3Dkoord4base] (3Dkoord4z1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.15cm of 3Dkoord4base] (3Dkoord4z2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.03cm of 3Dkoord4base] (3Dkoord4y1base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.03cm of 3Dkoord4y1base] (3Dkoord4y1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.03cm of 3Dkoord4base] (3Dkoord4y2base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.03cm of 3Dkoord4y2base] (3Dkoord4y2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=red] (3Dkoord4x1.center) -- (3Dkoord4x2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<-, color=blue] (3Dkoord4y1.center) -- (3Dkoord4base.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=black] (3Dkoord4z1.center) -- (3Dkoord4z2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, left=0.2cm of 3Dkoord4y2] (3Dkoord4baselabel) {$\text{v}_{\text{i,j+1,k}}$};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.15cm of 3Dkoord5base] (3Dkoord5x1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.15cm of 3Dkoord5base] (3Dkoord5x2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.15cm of 3Dkoord5base] (3Dkoord5z1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.15cm of 3Dkoord5base] (3Dkoord5z2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.03cm of 3Dkoord5base] (3Dkoord5y1base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.03cm of 3Dkoord5y1base] (3Dkoord5y1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.03cm of 3Dkoord5base] (3Dkoord5y2base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.03cm of 3Dkoord5y2base] (3Dkoord5y2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<-, color=red] (3Dkoord5x1.center) -- (3Dkoord5base.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=blue] (3Dkoord5y1.center) -- (3Dkoord5y2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=black] (3Dkoord5z1.center) -- (3Dkoord5z2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, below=0cm of 3Dkoord5z1] (3Dkoord5baselabel) {$\text{u}_{\text{i+1,j,k}}$};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.15cm of 3Dkoord6base] (3Dkoord6x1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.15cm of 3Dkoord6base] (3Dkoord6x2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.15cm of 3Dkoord6base] (3Dkoord6z1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.15cm of 3Dkoord6base] (3Dkoord6z2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.03cm of 3Dkoord6base] (3Dkoord6y1base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.03cm of 3Dkoord6y1base] (3Dkoord6y1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.03cm of 3Dkoord6base] (3Dkoord6y2base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.03cm of 3Dkoord6y2base] (3Dkoord6y2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=red] (3Dkoord6x1.center) -- (3Dkoord6x2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=blue] (3Dkoord6y1.center) -- (3Dkoord6y2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [->, color=black] (3Dkoord6base.center) -- (3Dkoord6z2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, right=0.2cm of 3Dkoord6y1] (3Dkoord6baselabel) {$\text{w}_{\text{i,j,k-1}}$};}
+
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.15cm of 3Dkoord7base] (3Dkoord7x1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.15cm of 3Dkoord7base] (3Dkoord7x2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.15cm of 3Dkoord7base] (3Dkoord7z1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.15cm of 3Dkoord7base] (3Dkoord7z2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, left=0.03cm of 3Dkoord7base] (3Dkoord7y1base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, below=0.03cm of 3Dkoord7y1base] (3Dkoord7y1) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, right=0.03cm of 3Dkoord7base] (3Dkoord7y2base) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [grid, above=0.03cm of 3Dkoord7y2base] (3Dkoord7y2) {};}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=red] (3Dkoord7x1.center) -- (3Dkoord7x2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=blue] (3Dkoord7y1.center) -- (3Dkoord7y2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\draw [<->, color=black] (3Dkoord7z1.center) -- (3Dkoord7z2.center);}
+      \uncover<1->{\node [label, right=0.2cm of 3Dkoord7y1] (3Dkoord7baselabel) {$\text{s}_{\text{i,j,k}}$};}
+   \end{tikzpicture}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+%Folie 04
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Ocean Version - Boundary Conditions}
+   
+   The following boundary conditions should be used for the ocean version. Some of them are not set by default, so please set them manually.\\
+   
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<2->{Ocean surface (z=0):}
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<2->{Fluxes should be given at the ocean surface for all quantities. This requires parameter\\\quad{\tiny \texttt{top\_momentum\_flux\_u = ..., top\_momentum\_flux\_v = ..., bc\_uv\_t = âneumannâ}}}
+         \item<3->{Momentum:\\\quad{\tiny \texttt{use\_top\_fluxes = .TRUE.}}}
+         \item<4->{Temperature:\\\quad{\tiny \texttt{top\_heatflux = ..., bc\_pt\_t = âneumannâ}}}
+         \item<5->{Salinity:\\\quad{\tiny \texttt{top\_salinityflux = ..., bc\_sa\_t = âneumannâ}}}
+      \end{itemize}
+      \item<6->{Ocean bottom (z=-...)}
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<6->{A Prandtl-layer should be used at the bottom:\\\quad{\tiny \texttt{prandtl\_layer = .TRUE.}}}
+      \end{itemize}
+   \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+
+%Folie 05
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Ocean Version - Further Settings}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<2->{Initial profiles:}
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<2->{The ocean version can only use:\\\quad{\tiny \texttt{initializing\_actions = âset\_constant\_profilesâ}}}
+         \item<3->{Profiles are constructed piecewise linear \underline{from the top} (surface), using parameters (e.g.):\\\quad{\tiny \texttt{pt\_surface = ..., pt\_initial\_gradient = ..., pt\_initial\_gradient\_level = ...}}}
+      \end{itemize}
+      \item<4->{Random perturbations:}
+      \begin{itemize}
+         \item<4->{Random perturbations are by default applied to the upper third of the model domain!}
+      \end{itemize}
+   \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+%Folie 06
+\begin{frame}
+   \frametitle{PALM - Ocean Version - Final Remarks}
+   \begin{itemize}
+      \item<2->{The ocean version of PALM has not been tested sufficiently so far! Only some plausibility checks have been done.}
+      \item<3->{Please carefully check the results and please also check the code.}
+      \item<4->{Effects of surface waves (Langmuir circulation, wave breaking) are not included in the standard code.}
+   \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\end{document}
Index: palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/user_defined_code.tex
===================================================================
--- palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/user_defined_code.tex	(revision 1079)
+++ palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/user_defined_code.tex	(revision 1080)
@@ -540,5 +540,5 @@
          \item<3-> Add the NAMELIST \texttt{\&userpar} to the parameter file (e.g. \texttt{example\underline{ }cbl\underline{ }p3d}) and assign a value to this variable.         
          \begin{center}
-            \includegraphics[scale=0.3]{user_defined_code_figures/steering_1.png}
+            \includegraphics[scale=0.3]{user_defined_code_figures/steering_3.png}
          \end{center}
          \vspace{1mm}
