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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 4457

Last change on this file since 4457 was 4457, checked in by raasch, 4 years ago
ghost point exchange modularized, bugfix for wrong 2d-exchange
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 146.1 KB

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1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANYr
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2009-2019 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
18	! Copyright 1997-2020 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
20	!
21	! Current revisions:
22	! -----------------
23	!
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 4457 2020-03-11 14:20:43Z raasch $
28	! use statement for exchange horiz added
29	!
30	! 4447 2020-03-06 11:05:30Z oliver.maas
31	! renamed wind_turbine_parameters namelist variables
32	!
33	! 4438 2020-03-03 20:49:28Z suehring
34	! Bugfix: shifted netcdf preprocessor directive to correct position
35	!
36	! 4436 2020-03-03 12:47:02Z oliver.maas
37	! added optional netcdf data input for wtm array input parameters
38	!
39	! 4426 2020-02-27 10:02:19Z oliver.maas
40	! define time as unlimited dimension so that no maximum number
41	! of time steps has to be given for wtm_data_output
42	!
43	! 4423 2020-02-25 07:17:11Z maronga
44	! Switched to serial output as data is aggerated before anyway.
45	!
46	! 4420 2020-02-24 14:13:56Z maronga
47	! Added output control for wind turbine model
48	!
49	! 4412 2020-02-19 14:53:13Z maronga
50	! Bugfix: corrected character length in dimension_names
51	!
52	! 4411 2020-02-18 14:28:02Z maronga
53	! Added output in NetCDF format using DOM (only netcdf4-parallel is supported).
54	! Old ASCII output is still available at the moment.
55	!
56	! 4360 2020-01-07 11:25:50Z suehring
57	! Introduction of wall_flags_total_0, which currently sets bits based on static
58	! topography information used in wall_flags_static_0
59	!
60	! 4343 2019-12-17 12:26:12Z oliver.maas
61	! replaced <= by < in line 1464 to ensure that ialpha will not be
62	! greater than dlen
63	!
64	! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi
65	! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0
66	!
67	! 4326 2019-12-06 14:16:14Z oliver.maas
68	! changed format of turbine control output to allow for higher
69	! torque and power values
70	!
71	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
72	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
73	!
74	! 4144 2019-08-06 09:11:47Z raasch
75	! relational operators .EQ., .NE., etc. replaced by ==, /=, etc.
76	!
77	! 4056 2019-06-27 13:53:16Z Giersch
78	! CASE DEFAULT action in wtm_actions needs to be CONTINUE. Otherwise an abort
79	! will happen for location values that are not implemented as CASE statements
80	! but are already realized in the code (e.g. pt-tendency)
81	!
82	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
83	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
84	! of additional debug messages
85	!
86	! 3875 2019-04-08 17:35:12Z knoop
87	! Addaped wtm_tendency to fit the module actions interface
88	!
89	! 3832 2019-03-28 13:16:58Z raasch
90	! instrumented with openmp directives
91	!
92	! 3725 2019-02-07 10:11:02Z raasch
93	! unused variables removed
94	!
95	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
96	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
97	!
98	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
99	! Replace degree symbol by 'degrees'
100	!
101	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
102	! Initial revision
103	!
104	!
105	! Description:
106	! ------------
107	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
108	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
109	!> (ADM-R).
110	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
111	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
112	!> yaw.
113	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
114	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
115	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
116	!> automatically).
117	!>
118	!> @todo Replace dz(1) appropriatly to account for grid stretching
119	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
120	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
121	!> @todo Generate header information
122	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
123	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
124	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
125	!> @todo Include additional output variables
126	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
127	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
128	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
129	!
130	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
131	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
132
133	USE arrays_3d, &
134	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
135
136	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
137	ONLY: pi
138
139	USE control_parameters, &
140	ONLY: coupling_char, &
141	debug_output, &
142	dt_3d, dz, end_time, message_string, time_since_reference_point,&
143	wind_turbine, initializing_actions, origin_date_time
144
145	USE cpulog, &
146	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
147
148	USE data_output_module
149
150	USE grid_variables, &
151	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
152
153	USE indices, &
154	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
155	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_total_0
156
157	USE kinds
158
159	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
160	ONLY: check_existence, &
161	close_input_file, &
162	get_variable, &
163	input_pids_wtm, &
164	inquire_num_variables, &
165	inquire_variable_names, &
166	input_file_wtm, &
167	num_var_pids, &
168	open_read_file, &
169	pids_id, &
170	vars_pids
171
172	USE pegrid
173
174
175	IMPLICIT NONE
176
177	PRIVATE
178
179
180
181	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: variable_name !< name of output variable
182	CHARACTER(LEN=30) :: nc_filename
183
184	!
185	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
186
187	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_airfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
188	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_turbines = 1 !< number of turbines
189
190
191
192	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), POINTER :: output_values_1d_pointer !< pointer for 2d output array
193	REAL(wp), POINTER :: output_values_0d_pointer !< pointer for 2d output array
194	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: output_values_1d_target !< pointer for 2d output array
195	REAL(wp), TARGET :: output_values_0d_target !< pointer for 2d output array
196
197	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
198	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
199	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
200	LOGICAL :: tip_loss_correction = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
201
202	LOGICAL :: initial_write_coordinates = .FALSE.
203
204	REAL(wp) :: dt_data_output_wtm = 0.0_wp !< data output interval
205	REAL(wp) :: time_wtm = 0.0_wp !< time since last data output
206
207
208	REAL(wp) :: segment_length_tangential = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
209	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
210	REAL(wp) :: segment_width_radial = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
211	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
212	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
213	REAL(wp) :: tilt_angle = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt_angle of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
214
215
216	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: tower_diameter = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
217	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100), TARGET :: rotor_speed = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
218	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: yaw_angle = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
219	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_angle = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
220	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: hub_x = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
221	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: hub_y = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
222	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: hub_z = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
223	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: nacelle_radius = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
224	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rotor_radius = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
225	! REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: nacelle_cd = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
226	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: tower_cd = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
227
228	!
229	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
230	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
231
232	REAL(wp) :: generator_power_rated = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
233	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
234	REAL(wp) :: rotor_inertia = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
235	REAL(wp) :: generator_inertia = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
236	REAL(wp) :: generator_efficiency = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
237	REAL(wp) :: gear_efficiency = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
238	REAL(wp) :: air_density = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
239	REAL(wp) :: generator_speed_rated = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
240	REAL(wp) :: generator_torque_max = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
241	REAL(wp) :: region_2_slope = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
242	REAL(wp) :: region_2_min = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
243	REAL(wp) :: region_15_min = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
244	REAL(wp) :: generator_torque_rate_max = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
245	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
246
247
248	!
249	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
250
251	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
252	REAL(wp) :: yaw_misalignment_max = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
253	REAL(wp) :: yaw_misalignment_min = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
254
255	!
256	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
257	TYPE file_status
258	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
259	END TYPE file_status
260
261	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
262	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
263
264	!
265	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
266
267	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
268	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
269	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
270	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
271	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
272
273	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
274
275	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
276	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
277	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
278	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
279	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
280	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
281	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
282	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
283
284	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
285
286	!
287	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
288	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
289	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
290	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
291	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
292	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
293	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
294
295	!
296	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
297	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
298	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
299	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
300	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
301
302	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
303	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
304
305	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
306	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
307
308	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
309	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
310
311	!
312	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
313
314	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
315	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
316	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
317	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
318	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
319	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
320	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
321	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
322	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
323	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
324	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
325	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (cur_r, phi_rotor, pre_factor, torque_seg, u_int_l, u_int_u, u_rot, &
326	!$OMP& v_int_l, v_int_u, w_int_l, w_int_u)
327	!
328	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
329	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
330	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
331	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
332	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
333	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (tend_nac_x, tend_tow_x, tend_nac_y, tend_tow_y)
334
335	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
336	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
337	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
338	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
339	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
340	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
341	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
344
345	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
346	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
347
348	!
349	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
350	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
351	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
352	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
353	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
354	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
355	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
356
357	!
358	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
359	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
360	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
361	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
362
363	!
364	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
365	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
366	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
367	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
368
369	!
370	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
371	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
372	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
373	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
374
375	!
376	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
377	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
378	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
379	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
380	!
381	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
382	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
383
384	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
385	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
386	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
387	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
388	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
389	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
390	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
391	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
392	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
393
394	!
395	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
396
397	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
398
399	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
400	REAL(wp) :: region_25_min !< min region 2.5
401	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
402	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
403	REAL(wp) :: region_25_slope !< slope in region 2.5
404	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
405	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
406	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
407
408	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: rotor_speed_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
409
410	!
411	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
412
413	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
414	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yaw_angle_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
415	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
416	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
417	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
418	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
419	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
420	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
421	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
422	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
423	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
424	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
425	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
426
427	!
428	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
429	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_angle_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
430	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: generator_speed = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
431	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: generator_speed_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
432	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: generator_speed_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
433	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: generator_speed_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
434	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
435	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
436
437
438	SAVE
439
440
441	INTERFACE wtm_parin
442	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
443	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
444
445	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
446	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
447	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
448
449	INTERFACE wtm_data_output
450	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_data_output
451	END INTERFACE wtm_data_output
452
453	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
454	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
455	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
456
457	INTERFACE wtm_init
458	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
459	END INTERFACE wtm_init
460
461	INTERFACE wtm_init_output
462	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_output
463	END INTERFACE wtm_init_output
464
465	INTERFACE wtm_actions
466	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions
467	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions_ij
468	END INTERFACE wtm_actions
469
470	INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
471	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rrd_global
472	END INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
473
474	INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
475	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_wrd_global
476	END INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
477
478
479	PUBLIC &
480	dt_data_output_wtm, &
481	time_wtm, &
482	wind_turbine
483
484	PUBLIC &
485	wtm_parin, &
486	wtm_check_parameters, &
487	wtm_data_output, &
488	wtm_init_arrays, &
489	wtm_init_output, &
490	wtm_init, &
491	wtm_actions, &
492	wtm_rrd_global, &
493	wtm_wrd_global
494
495
496	CONTAINS
497
498
499	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
500	! Description:
501	! ------------
502	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
503	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
504	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
505
506	IMPLICIT NONE
507
508	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
509
510	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_parameters/ &
511	air_density, tower_diameter, dt_data_output_wtm, &
512	gear_efficiency, gear_ratio, generator_efficiency, &
513	generator_inertia, rotor_inertia, yaw_misalignment_max, &
514	generator_torque_max, generator_torque_rate_max, yaw_misalignment_min, &
515	region_15_min, region_2_min, n_airfoils, n_turbines, &
516	rotor_speed, yaw_angle, pitch_angle, pitch_control, &
517	generator_speed_rated, generator_power_rated, hub_x, hub_y, hub_z,&
518	nacelle_radius, rotor_radius, segment_length_tangential, segment_width_radial, &
519	region_2_slope, speed_control, tilt_angle, time_turbine_on, &
520	tower_cd, pitch_rate, &
521	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tip_loss_correction
522	! , nacelle_cd
523
524	!
525	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
526	REWIND ( 11 )
527	line = ' '
528	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_parameters' ) == 0 )
529	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
530	ENDDO
531	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
532
533	!
534	!-- Read user-defined namelist
535	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_parameters, ERR = 10, END = 12 )
536	!
537	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
538	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
539
540	GOTO 12
541
542	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
543	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
544	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_parameters', line )
545
546	12 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
547
548	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
549
550
551	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
552	! Description:
553	! ------------
554	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
555	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
556	SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
557
558
559	IMPLICIT NONE
560
561
562	CALL wrd_write_string( 'generator_speed' )
563	WRITE ( 14 ) generator_speed
564
565	CALL wrd_write_string( 'generator_speed_f' )
566	WRITE ( 14 ) generator_speed_f
567
568	CALL wrd_write_string( 'generator_speed_f_old' )
569	WRITE ( 14 ) generator_speed_f_old
570
571	CALL wrd_write_string( 'generator_speed_old' )
572	WRITE ( 14 ) generator_speed_old
573
574	CALL wrd_write_string( 'rotor_speed' )
575	WRITE ( 14 ) rotor_speed
576
577	CALL wrd_write_string( 'yaw_angle' )
578	WRITE ( 14 ) yaw_angle
579
580	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_angle' )
581	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_angle
582
583	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_angle_old' )
584	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_angle_old
585
586	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen' )
587	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
588
589	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen_old' )
590	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
591
592
593	END SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
594
595
596	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
597	! Description:
598	! ------------
599	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
600	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
601	SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global( found )
602
603
604	USE control_parameters, &
605	ONLY: length, restart_string
606
607
608	IMPLICIT NONE
609
610	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
611
612
613	found = .TRUE.
614
615
616	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
617
618	CASE ( 'generator_speed' )
619	READ ( 13 ) generator_speed
620	CASE ( 'generator_speed_f' )
621	READ ( 13 ) generator_speed_f
622	CASE ( 'generator_speed_f_old' )
623	READ ( 13 ) generator_speed_f_old
624	CASE ( 'generator_speed_old' )
625	READ ( 13 ) generator_speed_old
626	CASE ( 'rotor_speed' )
627	READ ( 13 ) rotor_speed
628	CASE ( 'yaw_angle' )
629	READ ( 13 ) yaw_angle
630	CASE ( 'pitch_angle' )
631	READ ( 13 ) pitch_angle
632	CASE ( 'pitch_angle_old' )
633	READ ( 13 ) pitch_angle_old
634	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
635	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
636	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
637	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
638
639	CASE DEFAULT
640
641	found = .FALSE.
642
643	END SELECT
644
645
646	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global
647
648
649	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
650	! Description:
651	! ------------
652	!> Check namelist parameter
653	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
654	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
655
656	IMPLICIT NONE
657
658	IF ( .NOT. input_pids_wtm ) THEN
659	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
660	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
661	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
662	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
663	ENDIF
664
665	IF ( ANY( rotor_speed(1:n_turbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
666	message_string = 'rotor_speed < 0.0, Please set rotor_speed to ' // &
667	'a value equal or larger than zero'
668	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
669	ENDIF
670
671
672	IF ( ANY( hub_x(1:n_turbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
673	ANY( hub_y(1:n_turbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
674	ANY( hub_z(1:n_turbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
675
676	message_string = 'hub_x, hub_y, hub_z ' // &
677	'have to be given for each turbine.'
678	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
679	ENDIF
680	ENDIF
681
682	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
683	!
684
685	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
686	! Description:
687	! ------------
688	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
689	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
690	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
691
692	IMPLICIT NONE
693
694	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
695	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
696
697	#if defined( __netcdf )
698	!
699	! Read wtm input file (netcdf) if it exists
700	IF ( input_pids_wtm ) THEN
701
702	!
703	!-- Open the wtm input file
704	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_wtm ) // &
705	TRIM( coupling_char ), pids_id )
706
707	CALL inquire_num_variables( pids_id, num_var_pids )
708
709	!
710	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names and read them
711	ALLOCATE( vars_pids(1:num_var_pids) )
712	CALL inquire_variable_names( pids_id, vars_pids )
713
714	!
715	!-- Input of all wtm parameters
716	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'tower_diameter' ) ) THEN
717	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'tower_diameter', tower_diameter(1:n_turbines))
718	ENDIF
719
720	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rotor_speed' ) ) THEN
721	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rotor_speed', rotor_speed(1:n_turbines))
722	ENDIF
723
724	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'pitch_angle' ) ) THEN
725	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'pitch_angle', pitch_angle(1:n_turbines))
726	ENDIF
727
728	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'yaw_angle' ) ) THEN
729	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'yaw_angle', yaw_angle(1:n_turbines))
730	ENDIF
731
732	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'hub_x' ) ) THEN
733	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'hub_x', hub_x(1:n_turbines))
734	ENDIF
735
736	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'hub_y' ) ) THEN
737	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'hub_y', hub_y(1:n_turbines))
738	ENDIF
739
740	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'hub_z' ) ) THEN
741	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'hub_z', hub_z(1:n_turbines))
742	ENDIF
743
744	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'nacelle_radius' ) ) THEN
745	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'nacelle_radius', nacelle_radius(1:n_turbines))
746	ENDIF
747
748	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rotor_radius' ) ) THEN
749	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rotor_radius', rotor_radius(1:n_turbines))
750	ENDIF
751	!
752	! IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'nacelle_cd' ) ) THEN
753	! CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'nacelle_cd', nacelle_cd(1:n_turbines))
754	! ENDIF
755
756	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'tower_cd' ) ) THEN
757	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'tower_cd', tower_cd(1:n_turbines))
758	ENDIF
759	!
760	!-- Close wtm input file
761	CALL close_input_file( pids_id )
762
763	ENDIF
764	#endif
765
766	!
767	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
768	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
769
770	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:n_turbines) )
771	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:n_turbines) )
772
773	nrings(:) = 0
774	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
775
776	!
777	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
778	delta_r_factor = segment_width_radial
779	delta_t_factor = segment_length_tangential
780	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz(1))
781
782	DO inot = 1, n_turbines
783	!
784	!-- Determine number of rings:
785	nrings(inot) = NINT( rotor_radius(inot) / delta_r_init )
786
787	delta_r(inot) = rotor_radius(inot) / nrings(inot)
788
789	ENDDO
790
791	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
792
793	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:n_turbines) )
794	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:n_turbines) )
795
796	nsegs(:,:) = 0
797	nsegs_total(:) = 0
798
799
800	DO inot = 1, n_turbines
801	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
802	!
803	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
804	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
805	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
806	delta_t_factor ) )
807	ENDDO
808	!
809	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
810	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
811
812	ENDDO
813
814	!
815	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
816	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
817
818	!!
819	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
820	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
821	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
822	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
823	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
824	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
825	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
826	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
827	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
828	! ENDIF
829
830
831	!
832	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
833	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:n_turbines) )
834	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:n_turbines) )
835	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:n_turbines) )
836	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:n_turbines) )
837	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:n_turbines) )
838	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:n_turbines) )
839	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:n_turbines) )
840	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:n_turbines) )
841
842	!
843	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
844	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:n_turbines) )
845	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:n_turbines) )
846	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:n_turbines) )
847	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:n_turbines) )
848	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:n_turbines) )
849	ALLOCATE( yaw_angle_l(1:n_turbines) )
850
851	!
852	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
853	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
854	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
855	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
856	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
857	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
858	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
859	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
860	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
861	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
862	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
863
864	!
865	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
866	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
867	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
868	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
869	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
870	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
871	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
872
873	!
874	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
875	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:n_turbines,1:3) )
876	ALLOCATE( roty(1:n_turbines,1:3) )
877	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:n_turbines,1:3) )
878
879	!
880	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
881	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
882	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
883	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
884	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
885	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
886	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
887	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
888	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
889
890	!
891	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
892	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:n_turbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
893	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:n_turbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
894	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:n_turbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
895	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:n_turbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
896	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:n_turbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
897	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:n_turbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
898
899	!
900	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
901	i_hub(:) = 0
902	i_smear(:) = 0
903	j_hub(:) = 0
904	j_smear(:) = 0
905	k_hub(:) = 0
906	k_smear(:) = 0
907
908	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
909	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
910
911	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
912	generator_speed(:) = 0.0_wp
913	generator_speed_old(:) = 0.0_wp
914	generator_speed_f(:) = 0.0_wp
915	generator_speed_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
916	pitch_angle_old(:) = 0.0_wp
917	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
918	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
919	ENDIF
920
921	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
922	wdir_l(:) = 0.0_wp
923	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
924	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
925	u_inflow_l(:) = 0.0_wp
926	yaw_angle_l(:) = 0.0_wp
927
928	!
929	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
930	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
931	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
932	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
933	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
934	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
935	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
936	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
937	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
938	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
939	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
940
941	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
942	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
943	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
944	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
945	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
946	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
947
948	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
949	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
950	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
951
952	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
953	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
954	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
955	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
956	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
957	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
958	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
959	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
960
961	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
962	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
963	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
964	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
965	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
966	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
967
968
969	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
970
971
972	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
973	! Description:
974	! ------------
975	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
976	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
977	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
978
979
980	USE control_parameters, &
981	ONLY: dz_stretch_level_start
982
983	USE exchange_horiz_mod, &
984	ONLY: exchange_horiz
985
986	IMPLICIT NONE
987
988
989
990	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
991	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
992	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
993
994
995	!
996	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
997	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
998
999	!
1000	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
1001	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
1002	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
1003
1004	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
1005
1006	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
1007	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
1008	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
1009	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
1010
1011	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'start' )
1012
1013	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:n_turbines) )
1014	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:n_turbines) )
1015	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:n_turbines) )
1016	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:n_turbines) )
1017
1018	!
1019	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1020	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
1021	!-- (smearing of the forces)
1022	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1023	!
1024	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
1025	!-- be calculated:
1026
1027	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
1028	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
1029	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
1030	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
1031	!
1032	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
1033	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
1034	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
1035	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
1036	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
1037	!
1038	!-- Stretching (non-uniform grid spacing) is not considered in the wind
1039	!-- turbine model. Therefore, vertical stretching has to be applied above
1040	!-- the area where the wtm is active. ABS (...) is required because the
1041	!-- default value of dz_stretch_level_start is -9999999.9_wp (negative).
1042	IF ( ABS( dz_stretch_level_start(1) ) <= MAXVAL(hub_z(1:n_turbines)) + &
1043	MAXVAL(rotor_radius(1:n_turbines)) + &
1044	eps_min) THEN
1045	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'The lowest level where vertical ', &
1046	'stretching is applied &have to be ', &
1047	'greater than ',MAXVAL(hub_z(1:n_turbines)) &
1048	+ MAXVAL(rotor_radius(1:n_turbines)) + eps_min
1049	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0484', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1050	ENDIF
1051	!
1052	!-- Square of eps_min:
1053	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
1054	!
1055	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
1056	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
1057	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
1058	!
1059	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
1060	!-- function:
1061	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
1062
1063	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
1064	tilt_angle = tilt_angle * pi / 180.0_wp
1065
1066	!
1067	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
1068	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1069	yaw_angle(:) = yaw_angle(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
1070	ENDIF
1071
1072
1073	DO inot = 1, n_turbines
1074	!
1075	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
1076	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
1077
1078	!
1079	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
1080	i_hub(inot) = INT( hub_x(inot) / dx )
1081	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( hub_y(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
1082	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( hub_z(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) )
1083
1084	!
1085	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
1086	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
1087	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
1088	!-- function of eps_min:
1089	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rotor_radius(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
1090	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rotor_radius(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
1091	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rotor_radius(inot) + eps_min ) / dz(1) )
1092
1093	ENDDO
1094
1095	!
1096	!-- Call the wtm_init_speed_control subroutine and calculate the local
1097	!-- rotor_speed for the respective processor.
1098	IF ( speed_control) THEN
1099
1100	CALL wtm_init_speed_control
1101
1102	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1103
1104	DO inot = 1, n_turbines
1105
1106	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
1107	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1108	generator_speed_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1109	rotor_speed_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1110	ENDIF
1111
1112	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
1113	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1114	generator_speed_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1115	rotor_speed_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1116	ENDIF
1117
1118	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
1119	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1120	generator_speed_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1121	rotor_speed_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1122	ENDIF
1123
1124	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
1125	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1126	generator_speed_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1127	rotor_speed_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1128	ENDIF
1129
1130	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
1131	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
1132
1133	rotor_speed_l(inot) = generator_speed(inot) / gear_ratio
1134
1135	ENDIF
1136	ENDIF
1137
1138	END DO
1139
1140	ENDIF
1141
1142	ENDIF
1143
1144	!
1145	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1146	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
1147	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
1148	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1149	!
1150	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
1151	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
1152
1153	!
1154	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
1155	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
1156	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
1157
1158	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
1159
1160	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1161
1162
1163	DO inot = 1, n_turbines ! loop over number of turbines
1164	!
1165	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
1166	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
1167	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
1168	i = i_hub(inot)
1169
1170	!
1171	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
1172	!-- grid point indices):
1173	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( hub_y(inot) - nacelle_radius(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
1174	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( hub_y(inot) + nacelle_radius(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
1175	!
1176	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
1177	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
1178	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
1179	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
1180	!-- in grid box 1.
1181	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( hub_z(inot) - nacelle_radius(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
1182	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( hub_z(inot) + nacelle_radius(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
1183
1184	!
1185	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
1186	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
1187	tower_n = ( hub_y(inot) + 0.5_wp * tower_diameter(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
1188	tower_s = ( hub_y(inot) - 0.5_wp * tower_diameter(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
1189
1190	!
1191	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
1192	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
1193	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
1194
1195	DO j = nys, nyn
1196	!
1197	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
1198	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
1199
1200	DO k = nzb, nzt
1201
1202	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
1203	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
1204	!
1205	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
1206	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
1207	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( hub_z(inot) - &
1208	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
1209	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
1210	( hub_y(inot) - 0.5_wp * tower_diameter(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
1211	tower_cd(inot)
1212	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
1213	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( hub_z(inot) - &
1214	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
1215	( ( hub_y(inot) + 0.5_wp * tower_diameter(inot) ) - &
1216	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
1217	tower_cd(inot)
1218	!
1219	!-- grid boxes inbetween
1220	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
1221	ELSE
1222	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( hub_z(inot) - &
1223	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*&
1224	dy * tower_cd(inot)
1225	ENDIF
1226	!
1227	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
1228	ELSE
1229	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( hub_z(inot) - ( k_hub(inot) * &
1230	dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) ) * &
1231	tower_diameter(inot) * tower_cd(inot)
1232	ENDIF
1233	!
1234	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
1235	!-- are carried out:
1236	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
1237
1238	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
1239	!
1240	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
1241	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
1242	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
1243	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
1244	( hub_y(inot) - 0.5_wp * tower_diameter(inot) ) &
1245	) * tower_cd(inot)
1246	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
1247	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
1248	( hub_y(inot) + 0.5_wp * tower_diameter(inot) ) - &
1249	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
1250	) * tower_cd(inot)
1251	!
1252	!-- grid boxes inbetween
1253	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
1254	ELSE
1255	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dy * &
1256	tower_cd(inot)
1257	ENDIF
1258	!
1259	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
1260	ELSE
1261	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * tower_diameter(inot) * &
1262	tower_cd(inot)
1263	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
1264
1265	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
1266
1267	ENDDO ! end loop over k
1268
1269	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
1270
1271	ENDDO ! end loop over j
1272
1273	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
1274
1275
1276	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
1277
1278	!
1279	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
1280	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
1281	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
1282	!!
1283	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
1284	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
1285	!!-- circle_points in the following):
1286	!
1287	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
1288	!
1289	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
1290	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
1291	! sqrt_arg = nacelle_radius(inot)2 - ( yvalue - hub_y(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
1292	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1293	!!
1294	!!-- bottom intersection point
1295	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = hub_z(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
1296	!!
1297	!!-- top intersection point
1298	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = hub_z(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
1299	! ELSE
1300	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
1301	! ENDIF
1302	! ENDDO
1303	!
1304	!
1305	! DO j = nys, nyn
1306	!!
1307	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
1308	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
1309	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
1310	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
1311	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
1312	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1313	!!
1314	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
1315	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
1316	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
1317	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
1318	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
1319	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
1320	!!
1321	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
1322	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
1323	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
1324	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
1325	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
1326	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
1327	! dz_int = dz
1328	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
1329	!!
1330	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
1331	!!-- within the current grid box:
1332	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
1333	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
1334	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
1335	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
1336	! ENDIF
1337	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
1338	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
1339	! dz_int = dz_int - &
1340	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
1341	! ENDIF
1342	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
1343	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
1344	! ENDIF
1345	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
1346	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
1347	! ENDIF
1348	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
1349	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
1350	! dy_int * dz_int * nacelle_cd(inot)
1351	! ENDIF
1352	! ENDDO
1353	! ENDIF
1354	! ENDDO
1355	! ENDIF
1356	!
1357	! ENDDO
1358	!
1359	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
1360
1361	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
1362
1363	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize tower drag
1364	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
1365
1366	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
1367
1368	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'end' )
1369
1370	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
1371
1372
1373
1374	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_output
1375
1376
1377	! INTEGER(iwp) :: ntimesteps !< number of timesteps defined in NetCDF output file
1378	! INTEGER(iwp) :: ntimesteps_max = 80000 !< number of maximum timesteps defined in NetCDF output file
1379	INTEGER(iwp) :: return_value !< returned status value of called function
1380
1381	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< running index
1382
1383	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ndim !< dummy to write dimension
1384
1385
1386	!
1387	!-- Create NetCDF output file
1388	nc_filename = 'DATA_1D_TS_WTM_NETCDF' // TRIM( coupling_char )
1389	return_value = dom_def_file( nc_filename, 'netcdf4-serial' )
1390
1391	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
1392	!
1393	!-- Define dimensions in output file
1394	ALLOCATE( ndim(1:n_turbines) )
1395	DO n = 1, n_turbines
1396	ndim(n) = n
1397	ENDDO
1398	return_value = dom_def_dim( nc_filename, &
1399	dimension_name = 'turbine', &
1400	output_type = 'int32', &
1401	bounds = (/1_iwp, n_turbines/), &
1402	values_int32 = ndim )
1403	DEALLOCATE( ndim )
1404
1405	!
1406	!-- time
1407	return_value = dom_def_dim( nc_filename, &
1408	dimension_name = 'time', &
1409	output_type = 'real32', &
1410	bounds = (/1_iwp/), &
1411	values_realwp = (/0.0_wp/) )
1412
1413	!
1414	!-- x
1415	variable_name = 'x'
1416	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1417	variable_name = variable_name, &
1418	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
1419	output_type = 'real32' )
1420	!
1421	!-- y
1422	variable_name = 'y'
1423	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1424	variable_name = variable_name, &
1425	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
1426	output_type = 'real32' )
1427
1428	variable_name = 'z'
1429	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1430	variable_name = variable_name, &
1431	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
1432	output_type = 'real32' )
1433
1434
1435	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1436	variable_name = 'time', &
1437	attribute_name = 'units', &
1438	value = 'seconds since ' // origin_date_time )
1439
1440	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1441	variable_name = 'x', &
1442	attribute_name = 'units', &
1443	value = 'm' )
1444
1445	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1446	variable_name = 'y', &
1447	attribute_name = 'units', &
1448	value = 'm' )
1449
1450	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1451	variable_name = 'z', &
1452	attribute_name = 'units', &
1453	value = 'm' )
1454
1455	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1456	variable_name = 'x', &
1457	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1458	value = 'x location of rotor center' )
1459
1460	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1461	variable_name = 'y', &
1462	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1463	value = 'y location of rotor center' )
1464
1465	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1466	variable_name = 'z', &
1467	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1468	value = 'z location of rotor center' )
1469
1470
1471	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1472	variable_name = 'turbine_name', &
1473	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1474	value = 'turbine name')
1475
1476	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1477	variable_name = 'time', &
1478	attribute_name = 'standard_name', &
1479	value = 'time')
1480
1481	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1482	variable_name = 'time', &
1483	attribute_name = 'axis', &
1484	value = 'T')
1485
1486	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1487	variable_name = 'x', &
1488	attribute_name = 'axis', &
1489	value = 'X' )
1490
1491	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1492	variable_name = 'y', &
1493	attribute_name = 'axis', &
1494	value = 'Y' )
1495
1496
1497	variable_name = 'rotor_speed'
1498	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1499	variable_name = variable_name, &
1500	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1501	output_type = 'real32' )
1502
1503	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1504	variable_name = variable_name, &
1505	attribute_name = 'units', &
1506	value = 'rad/s' )
1507
1508	variable_name = 'generator_speed'
1509	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1510	variable_name = variable_name, &
1511	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1512	output_type = 'real32' )
1513
1514	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1515	variable_name = variable_name, &
1516	attribute_name = 'units', &
1517	value = 'rad/s' )
1518
1519
1520	variable_name = 'generator_torque'
1521	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1522	variable_name = variable_name, &
1523	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1524	output_type = 'real32' )
1525
1526	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1527	variable_name = variable_name, &
1528	attribute_name = 'units', &
1529	value = 'Nm' )
1530
1531	variable_name = 'rotor_torque'
1532	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1533	variable_name = variable_name, &
1534	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1535	output_type = 'real32' )
1536
1537	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1538	variable_name = variable_name, &
1539	attribute_name = 'units', &
1540	value = 'Nm' )
1541
1542	variable_name = 'pitch_angle'
1543	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1544	variable_name = variable_name, &
1545	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1546	output_type = 'real32' )
1547
1548	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1549	variable_name = variable_name, &
1550	attribute_name = 'units', &
1551	value = 'degrees' )
1552
1553	variable_name = 'generator_power'
1554	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1555	variable_name = variable_name, &
1556	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1557	output_type = 'real32' )
1558
1559	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1560	variable_name = variable_name, &
1561	attribute_name = 'units', &
1562	value = 'W' )
1563
1564	variable_name = 'rotor_power'
1565	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1566	variable_name = variable_name, &
1567	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1568	output_type = 'real32' )
1569
1570	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1571	variable_name = variable_name, &
1572	attribute_name = 'units', &
1573	value = 'W' )
1574
1575	variable_name = 'rotor_thrust'
1576	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1577	variable_name = variable_name, &
1578	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1579	output_type = 'real32' )
1580
1581	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1582	variable_name = variable_name, &
1583	attribute_name = 'units', &
1584	value = 'N' )
1585
1586
1587	variable_name = 'wind_direction'
1588	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1589	variable_name = variable_name, &
1590	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1591	output_type = 'real32' )
1592
1593	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1594	variable_name = variable_name, &
1595	attribute_name = 'units', &
1596	value = 'degrees' )
1597
1598	variable_name = 'yaw_angle'
1599	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1600	variable_name = variable_name, &
1601	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1602	output_type = 'real32' )
1603
1604	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1605	variable_name = variable_name, &
1606	attribute_name = 'units', &
1607	value = 'degrees' )
1608
1609	ENDIF
1610	END SUBROUTINE
1611
1612	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1613	! Description:
1614	! ------------
1615	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
1616	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
1617	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1618	!
1619	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
1620
1621
1622	IMPLICIT NONE
1623
1624	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
1625	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
1626
1627	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
1628
1629	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
1630
1631	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
1632	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
1633	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
1634	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
1635	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
1636	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
1637	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
1638	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
1639	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
1640	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
1641
1642	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
1643	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
1644	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
1645
1646	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
1647	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
1648
1649	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
1650	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
1651	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
1652	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
1653	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
1654
1655	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
1656	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
1657	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
1658	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
1659	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
1660
1661	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*n_airfoils+1) )
1662
1663	!
1664	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
1665	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
1666
1667	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
1668
1669	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
1670	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
1671	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1672	ENDIF
1673	!
1674	!-- Read distribution table:
1675
1676	dlen = 0
1677
1678	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
1679
1680	rloop3: DO
1681	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
1682	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
1683	dlen = dlen + 1
1684	ENDDO rloop3
1685
1686	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
1687
1688	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
1689	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
1690	ENDDO
1691
1692	DO jj = 1,dlen
1693	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
1694	ENDDO
1695
1696	!
1697	!-- Read layout table:
1698
1699	dlen = 0
1700
1701	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
1702
1703	rloop1: DO
1704	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
1705	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
1706	dlen = dlen + 1
1707	ENDDO rloop1
1708
1709	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
1710	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
1711	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
1712	ENDDO
1713	DO jj = 1, dlen
1714	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
1715	ENDDO
1716
1717	!
1718	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
1719
1720	dlen = 0
1721
1722	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
1723
1724	rloop2: DO
1725	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
1726	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
1727	dlen = dlen + 1
1728	ENDDO rloop2
1729
1730	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:n_airfoils), &
1731	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:n_airfoils) )
1732
1733	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
1734	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
1735	ENDDO
1736
1737	DO jj = 1,dlen
1738	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
1739	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
1740	DO ii= 1, n_airfoils
1741	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
1742	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
1743	ENDDO
1744
1745	ENDDO
1746
1747	dlenbl = dlen
1748
1749	CLOSE ( 90 )
1750
1751	!
1752	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 631 values if rotor_radius(1)=63m)
1753	!-- and each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.1 degrees --> 3601 values!)
1754	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
1755	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
1756	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
1757
1758	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
1759	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
1760	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
1761	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
1762
1763	radres = INT( rotor_radius(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
1764	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
1765
1766	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
1767	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
1768
1769	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
1770
1771	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
1772	!
1773	!-- Find position in table 1
1774	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
1775	! lct(1) = lct(1)
1776
1777	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) > 0.0 ) THEN
1778	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
1779	ENDIF
1780
1781	trow = lct(1)
1782	!
1783	!-- Calculate weights for radius interpolation
1784	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
1785	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
1786	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
1787	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
1788
1789	IF ( t1 == t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
1790	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
1791	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
1792	ENDIF
1793
1794	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
1795	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
1796	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
1797	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
1798	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
1799
1800	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values
1801	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! for each radius has to be set
1802	! explicitly
1803	ELSE
1804	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
1805	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
1806	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
1807	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
1808	!
1809	!-- For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values for each radius has to be set
1810	!-- explicitly
1811	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cd_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
1812	* turb_cd_table(1,t2) )
1813	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cl_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
1814	* turb_cl_table(1,t2) )
1815	ENDIF
1816
1817	DO iialpha = 2, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
1818
1819	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
1820	ialpha = 1
1821
1822	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha < dlen ) )
1823	ialpha = ialpha + 1
1824	ENDDO
1825
1826	!
1827	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
1828	!-- segments and angles of attack
1829
1830	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1831	alpha_attack_i ) / &
1832	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1833	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1834	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
1835	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
1836	( alpha_attack_i - &
1837	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
1838	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1839	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1840	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
1841	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
1842	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1843	alpha_attack_i ) / &
1844	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1845	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1846	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
1847	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
1848	( alpha_attack_i - &
1849	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
1850	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1851	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1852	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
1853	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
1854
1855	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
1856
1857	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
1858
1859
1860	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
1861
1862
1863	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1864	! Description:
1865	! ------------
1866	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
1867	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
1868	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1869	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
1870
1871
1872	IMPLICIT NONE
1873
1874	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
1875	!
1876	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
1877	!-- the rotors
1878	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( yaw_angle(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
1879	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( yaw_angle(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
1880	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
1881
1882	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
1883	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
1884	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
1885
1886	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( yaw_angle(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
1887	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( yaw_angle(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
1888	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
1889
1890	!
1891	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
1892	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
1893
1894	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
1895	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt_angle ) ) + COS( tilt_angle )
1896	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
1897	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt_angle ) ) - &
1898	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt_angle )
1899	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
1900	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt_angle ) ) + &
1901	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt_angle )
1902	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
1903	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt_angle ) ) + &
1904	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt_angle )
1905	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
1906	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt_angle ) ) + COS( tilt_angle )
1907	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
1908	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt_angle ) ) - &
1909	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt_angle )
1910	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
1911	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt_angle ) ) - &
1912	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt_angle )
1913	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
1914	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt_angle ) ) + &
1915	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt_angle )
1916	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
1917	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt_angle ) ) + COS( tilt_angle )
1918
1919	!
1920	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
1921	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
1922	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
1923	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
1924	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
1925
1926	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
1927
1928
1929	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1930	! Description:
1931	! ------------
1932	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
1933	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1934	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
1935
1936
1937	IMPLICIT NONE
1938
1939	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
1940
1941	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
1942	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
1943	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
1944	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg !<
1945	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !<
1946	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
1947
1948	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
1949	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
1950	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
1951
1952	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
1953	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
1954
1955	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
1956
1957
1958	!
1959	! Variables for pitch control
1960	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw = .FALSE.
1961
1962	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct = 0
1963	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d = 0.0_wp
1964
1965	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
1966
1967
1968	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
1969
1970
1971	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
1972
1973	!
1974	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
1975	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1976	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1977	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1978	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
1979	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1980	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1981	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1982	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
1983	!
1984	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
1985	DO inot = 1, n_turbines
1986
1987	cos_yaw = COS(yaw_angle(inot))
1988	sin_yaw = SIN(yaw_angle(inot))
1989	!
1990	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
1991
1992	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, thrust_seg, torque_seg_y, torque_seg_z, sin_rot, &
1993	!$OMP& cos_rot, re, rbx, rby, rbz, ii, jj, kk, aa, bb, cc, dd, gg)
1994	!$OMP DO
1995	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
1996
1997	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
1998	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
1999	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
2000	!
2001	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
2002	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
2003
2004	!
2005	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
2006	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
2007	!
2008	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2009	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
2010	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2011	!
2012	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
2013	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
2014	!-- with y-axis):
2015	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
2016	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
2017	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
2018
2019	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
2020	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
2021	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
2022	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
2023	re(3) = sin_rot
2024
2025	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
2026	!
2027	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
2028	rbx(ring,rseg) = hub_x(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
2029	rby(ring,rseg) = hub_y(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
2030	rbz(ring,rseg) = hub_z(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
2031
2032	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2033	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
2034	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
2035	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
2036	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2037
2038	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2039	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2040
2041	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2042	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2043
2044	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2045	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2046
2047	!
2048	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
2049
2050	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
2051	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
2052	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
2053	!
2054	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
2055	!-- the current PE:
2056	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
2057	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
2058
2059	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2060	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2061	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
2062	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2063	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2064	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2065	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
2066	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2067	gg = dx * dy
2068
2069	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
2070	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
2071	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
2072	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
2073	) / gg
2074
2075	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
2076	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
2077	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
2078	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
2079	) / gg
2080
2081	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
2082	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
2083	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
2084
2085	ELSE
2086	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2087	ENDIF
2088	ELSE
2089	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2090	ENDIF
2091
2092
2093	!
2094	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
2095	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
2096	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
2097	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
2098	!
2099	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
2100	!-- the current PE:
2101	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
2102	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
2103
2104	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2105	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2106	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2107	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2108	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2109	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
2110	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2111	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
2112	gg = dx * dy
2113
2114	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
2115	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
2116	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
2117	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
2118	) / gg
2119
2120	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
2121	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
2122	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
2123	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
2124	) / gg
2125
2126	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
2127	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
2128	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
2129
2130	ELSE
2131	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2132	ENDIF
2133	ELSE
2134	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2135	ENDIF
2136
2137
2138	!
2139	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
2140	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
2141	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
2142	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz(1)
2143	!
2144	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
2145	!-- the current PE:
2146	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
2147	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
2148
2149	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2150	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2151	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2152	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2153	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2154	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2155	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2156	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2157	gg = dx * dy
2158
2159	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
2160	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
2161	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
2162	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
2163	) / gg
2164
2165	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
2166	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
2167	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
2168	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
2169	) / gg
2170
2171	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
2172	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
2173	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
2174	ELSE
2175	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2176	ENDIF
2177	ELSE
2178	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2179	ENDIF
2180
2181	ENDDO
2182	ENDDO
2183	!$OMP END PARALLEL
2184
2185	ENDDO
2186
2187	!
2188	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
2189	#if defined( __parallel )
2190	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, n_turbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
2191	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2192	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, n_turbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
2193	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2194	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, n_turbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
2195	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2196	#else
2197	u_int = u_int_1_l
2198	v_int = v_int_1_l
2199	w_int = w_int_1_l
2200	#endif
2201
2202
2203	!
2204	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
2205
2206	DO inot = 1, n_turbines
2207	pit_loop: DO
2208
2209	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
2210	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
2211	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
2212	pitch_angle(inot) = pitch_angle(inot) + 0.25_wp
2213	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_angle(inot)
2214	ELSE
2215	cos_yaw = COS(yaw_angle(inot))
2216	sin_yaw = SIN(yaw_angle(inot))
2217	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
2218	pitch_angle(inot) = MAX(pitch_angle_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
2219	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
2220	ENDIF
2221	ENDIF
2222
2223	!
2224	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
2225	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, sin_rot, cos_rot, re, rea, ren, rote, rota, rotn, &
2226	!$OMP& vtheta, phi_rel, lct, rad_d, alpha_attack, vrel, &
2227	!$OMP& chord, iialpha, iir, turb_cl, tl_factor, thrust_seg, &
2228	!$OMP& torque_seg_y, turb_cd, torque_seg_z, thrust_ring, &
2229	!$OMP& torque_ring_y, torque_ring_z)
2230	!$OMP DO
2231	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
2232	!
2233	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
2234	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
2235	!
2236	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
2237	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
2238	!
2239	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
2240	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
2241	!-- with y-axis):
2242	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
2243	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
2244	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
2245	!
2246	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
2247	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
2248	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
2249	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
2250	re(3) = sin_rot
2251
2252	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
2253	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
2254	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
2255	rea(3) = cos_rot
2256
2257	!
2258	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
2259	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
2260	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
2261	ren(1) = cos_yaw
2262	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
2263	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
2264	!
2265	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
2266	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
2267	!-- tilt:
2268	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
2269	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
2270	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
2271	!
2272	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
2273	rbx(ring,rseg) = hub_x(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
2274
2275	rby(ring,rseg) = hub_y(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
2276
2277	rbz(ring,rseg) = hub_z(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
2278
2279	!
2280	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2281	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
2282	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2283	!
2284	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
2285	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
2286	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
2287	!-- coordinates y' and z.
2288	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
2289	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
2290	!
2291	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
2292	!
2293	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
2294	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
2295	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
2296	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
2297	!
2298	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
2299	!-- direction:
2300	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
2301	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
2302	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
2303	!
2304	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
2305	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
2306
2307	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN2( u_rot , &
2308	( rotor_speed(inot) * cur_r - &
2309	vtheta(rseg) ) )
2310
2311	!
2312	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
2313	!-- to the current radial position:
2314
2315	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
2316	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
2317
2318	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
2319	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
2320	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
2321	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
2322	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
2323	ELSE
2324	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
2325	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
2326	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
2327	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
2328	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
2329	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
2330	ENDIF
2331
2332	!
2333	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
2334	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
2335	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
2336	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
2337	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
2338	!
2339	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
2340	!-- angle of attack:
2341	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
2342	!
2343	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
2344	!-- to angles given in degree:
2345	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
2346	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
2347	!
2348	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
2349	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) - pitch_angle(inot)
2350
2351	!
2352	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
2353	!-- to the rotor:
2354	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
2355	( rotor_speed(inot) * cur_r - &
2356	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
2357
2358	!
2359	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2360	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
2361	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
2362	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2363
2364	!
2365	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
2366	!-- the current radial position:
2367
2368	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
2369	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
2370	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
2371	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
2372	ELSE
2373	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
2374	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
2375	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
2376	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
2377	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
2378	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
2379	ENDIF
2380
2381	!
2382	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
2383	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
2384	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 1, +180.0 degrees = 3601,
2385	!-- so one index every 0.1 degrees):
2386	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
2387	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) ) + 1.0_wp
2388	!
2389	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
2390	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
2391	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
2392	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
2393	!
2394	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
2395	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
2396	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
2397	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
2398
2399	!
2400	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
2401	!-- angles given in radian:
2402	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
2403	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
2404
2405	IF ( tip_loss_correction ) THEN
2406
2407	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
2408	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
2409	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
2410	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
2411	!--
2412	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
2413	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rotor_radius(inot) - cur_r ) / &
2414	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
2415
2416	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
2417
2418	ENDIF
2419	!
2420	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
2421	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
2422	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
2423
2424	!
2425	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
2426
2427	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
2428	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
2429
2430	!
2431	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
2432	!-- for each ring segment:
2433	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
2434	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
2435	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
2436
2437	!
2438	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
2439	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
2440	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
2441	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
2442	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
2443	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
2444	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
2445	!
2446	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
2447	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
2448	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
2449
2450	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
2451	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
2452
2453	!
2454	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
2455	!$OMP CRITICAL
2456	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
2457	thrust_seg(rseg)
2458
2459
2460	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
2461	!$OMP END CRITICAL
2462
2463	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
2464
2465	!
2466	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
2467	!-- each ring:
2468	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
2469	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
2470	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
2471
2472
2473	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
2474	!$OMP END PARALLEL
2475
2476
2477	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
2478
2479
2480	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
2481	!
2482	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
2483
2484	!
2485	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
2486	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
2487	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
2488	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_density * gear_efficiency - &
2489	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
2490	( rotor_inertia + &
2491	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * generator_inertia ) * dt_3d
2492
2493	!
2494	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
2495	!-- and rotor speed
2496	generator_speed(inot) = gear_ratio * ( rotor_speed(inot) + om_rate )
2497
2498	ENDIF
2499
2500	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
2501
2502	!
2503	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
2504	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
2505	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
2506	!-- gain
2507	IF ( ( generator_speed(inot) > generator_speed_rated ) .AND. &
2508	( pitch_angle(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
2509	( pitch_angle(inot) < pitch_angle_old(inot) + &
2510	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
2511	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
2512	!
2513	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
2514	CYCLE pit_loop
2515	ENDIF
2516
2517	!
2518	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
2519	pitch_angle_old(inot) = pitch_angle(inot)
2520	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
2521	ENDIF
2522	EXIT pit_loop
2523	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
2524
2525
2526	!
2527	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
2528
2529	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
2530	!
2531	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
2532	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
2533	THEN
2534	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
2535	THEN
2536	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
2537	ENDIF
2538	ENDIF
2539
2540	ENDIF
2541
2542
2543	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
2544
2545	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
2546
2547
2548	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
2549	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
2550	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
2551	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
2552	!
2553	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
2554	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
2555	!
2556	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
2557	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
2558	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
2559	!-- consideration
2560	!
2561	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
2562	!-- of the model domain:
2563	!
2564	!--
2565	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
2566	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rotor_radius(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
2567	eps_min ) / dx )
2568	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rotor_radius(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
2569	eps_min ) / dy )
2570
2571	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (i, j, k, ring, rseg, flag, dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d)
2572	!$OMP DO
2573	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
2574	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
2575	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
2576	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
2577	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
2578	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
2579	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
2580	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
2581	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
2582	!
2583	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2584	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
2585
2586	!
2587	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
2588	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
2589	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2590	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2591	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
2592	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2593	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2594	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
2595	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2596	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2597	( k * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
2598
2599	!
2600	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
2601	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
2602	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
2603	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
2604	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
2605	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
2606	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
2607	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
2608	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
2609	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
2610	flag
2611	ENDIF
2612	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
2613	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
2614	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
2615	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
2616	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
2617	flag
2618	ENDIF
2619	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
2620	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
2621	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
2622	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
2623	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
2624	flag
2625	ENDIF
2626
2627	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
2628	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
2629
2630	!
2631	!-- Rotation of force components:
2632	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
2633	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
2634	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
2635	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
2636	) * flag
2637
2638	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
2639	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
2640	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
2641	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
2642	) * flag
2643
2644	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
2645	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
2646	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
2647	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
2648	) * flag
2649
2650	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
2651	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
2652	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
2653	!$OMP END PARALLEL
2654
2655	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
2656
2657	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
2658
2659
2660	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
2661	!
2662	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
2663	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
2664	IF ( start_up ) THEN
2665	WDLON = MAX( 1 , NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ) ! 30s running mean array
2666	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:n_turbines,1:WDLON) )
2667	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
2668	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
2669
2670	WDSHO = MAX( 1 , NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ) ! 2s running mean array
2671	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:n_turbines,1:WDSHO) )
2672	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
2673	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
2674	start_up = .FALSE.
2675	ENDIF
2676
2677	!
2678	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
2679	!--
2680	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
2681	DO inot = 1, n_turbines
2682	!
2683	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
2684	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
2685	THEN
2686	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
2687	THEN
2688
2689	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
2690
2691	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
2692	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
2693	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
2694	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
2695	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
2696
2697	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
2698
2699	yaw_angle_l(inot) = yaw_angle(inot)
2700
2701	ENDIF
2702	ENDIF
2703
2704	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
2705
2706	!
2707	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
2708	#if defined( __parallel )
2709	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, n_turbines, MPI_REAL, &
2710	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2711	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, n_turbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
2712	comm2d, ierr )
2713	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( yaw_angle_l, yaw_angle, n_turbines, MPI_REAL, &
2714	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2715	#else
2716	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
2717	wdir = wdir_l
2718	yaw_angle = yaw_angle_l
2719
2720
2721	#endif
2722	DO inot = 1, n_turbines
2723	!
2724	!-- Update rotor orientation
2725	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
2726
2727	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
2728
2729	ENDIF ! end of yaw control
2730
2731	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
2732	!
2733	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
2734	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( generator_speed, generator_speed_old, n_turbines, &
2735	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2736	#if defined( __parallel )
2737	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, n_turbines, &
2738	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2739	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( rotor_speed_l, rotor_speed, n_turbines, &
2740	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2741	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( generator_speed_f, generator_speed_f_old, n_turbines, &
2742	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2743	#else
2744	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
2745	rotor_speed = rotor_speed_l
2746	generator_speed_f_old = generator_speed_f
2747	#endif
2748
2749	ENDIF
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754	DO inot = 1, n_turbines
2755
2756
2757
2758	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
2759	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
2760	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) time_since_reference_point, rotor_speed(inot), &
2761	generator_speed(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
2762	torque_total(inot), pitch_angle(inot), &
2763	torque_gen_old(inot)generator_speed(inot)generator_efficiency, &
2764	torque_total(inot)rotor_speed(inot)air_density, &
2765	thrust_rotor(inot), &
2766	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
2767	(yaw_angle(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
2768
2769	ELSE
2770
2771	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
2772	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
2773	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
2774	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
2775	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
2776	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) time_since_reference_point, rotor_speed(inot), &
2777	generator_speed(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
2778	torque_total(inot), pitch_angle(inot), &
2779	torque_gen_old(inot)generator_speed(inot)generator_efficiency, &
2780	torque_total(inot)rotor_speed(inot)air_density, &
2781	thrust_rotor(inot), &
2782	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
2783	(yaw_angle(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
2784	ENDIF
2785	ENDIF
2786
2787	!-- Set open flag
2788	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
2789	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
2790
2791
2792
2793	ENDIF
2794
2795
2796	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
2797
2798	!
2799	!-- Formats
2800	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
2801	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
2802	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed GenTorque AeroTorque ', &
2803	'Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) RotThrust WDirection ', &
2804	'YawOrient')
2805
2806	106 FORMAT (F9.2,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F12.1,3X,F12.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F12.1,2X, &
2807	F12.1,1X,F12.1,4X,F7.2,4X,F7.2)
2808
2809
2810
2811	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
2812
2813
2814	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2815	! Description:
2816	! ------------
2817	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
2818	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2819	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
2820
2821	USE kinds
2822
2823	IMPLICIT NONE
2824
2825	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
2826	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
2827	REAL(wp) :: missal
2828
2829	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
2830
2831	!
2832	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
2833	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
2834	!-- 5 degrees, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
2835	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5 degrees.
2836	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
2837	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
2838	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
2839	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
2840	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
2841	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
2842	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
2843	!
2844	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
2845	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
2846	!
2847	!-- Write current wind direction into array
2848	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
2849	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
2850	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
2851	!
2852	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
2853	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
2854
2855	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - yaw_angle(inot)
2856	!
2857	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than yaw_misalignment_max
2858	IF ( ABS( missal ) > yaw_misalignment_max ) THEN
2859	!
2860	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
2861	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
2862	!
2863	!-- Start yawing of turbine
2864	yaw_angle(inot) = yaw_angle(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
2865	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
2866	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
2867	ENDIF
2868	ENDIF
2869
2870	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
2871
2872	!
2873	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
2874	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
2875	!-- than yaw_misalignment_min
2876
2877	ELSE
2878	!
2879	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
2880	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
2881	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
2882	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
2883	!
2884	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
2885	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
2886	!
2887	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
2888	missal = SUM( wd2_l - yaw_angle(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
2889	!
2890	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
2891	!-- yaw direction is still right
2892	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > yaw_misalignment_min ) .AND. &
2893	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
2894	!
2895	!-- Continue yawing
2896	yaw_angle(inot) = yaw_angle(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
2897	ELSE
2898	!
2899	!-- Stop yawing
2900	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
2901	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
2902	ENDIF
2903	ELSE
2904	!
2905	!-- Continue yawing
2906	yaw_angle(inot) = yaw_angle(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
2907	ENDIF
2908
2909	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
2910
2911	ENDIF
2912
2913	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
2914
2915
2916	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2917	! Description:
2918	! ------------
2919	!> Initialization of the speed control
2920	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2921	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
2922
2923
2924	IMPLICIT NONE
2925
2926	!
2927	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
2928	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
2929	!
2930	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
2931	slope15 = ( region_2_slope * region_2_min * region_2_min ) / &
2932	( region_2_min - region_15_min )
2933	!
2934	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
2935	vs_sysp = generator_speed_rated / 1.1_wp
2936	!
2937	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
2938	region_25_slope = ( generator_power_rated / generator_speed_rated ) / &
2939	( generator_speed_rated - vs_sysp )
2940	!
2941	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
2942	region_25_min = ( region_25_slope - SQRT( region_25_slope * &
2943	( region_25_slope - 4.0_wp * region_2_slope * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
2944	( 2.0_wp * region_2_slope )
2945	!
2946	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
2947	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
2948	!
2949	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
2950	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
2951	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
2952	torque_gen_old(:) = generator_torque_max
2953	ENDIF
2954
2955	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
2956
2957
2958	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2959	! Description:
2960	! ------------
2961	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
2962	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2963	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
2964
2965
2966	IMPLICIT NONE
2967
2968	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
2969
2970
2971
2972	!
2973	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
2974	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
2975	!-- offshore system developement"
2976
2977	!
2978	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
2979	!-- for the control of the generator torque
2980	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
2981	generator_speed_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * generator_speed(inot) + lp_coeff *&
2982	generator_speed_f_old(inot)
2983
2984	IF ( generator_speed_f(inot) <= region_15_min ) THEN
2985	!
2986	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
2987	torque_gen(inot) = 0
2988
2989	ELSEIF ( generator_speed_f(inot) <= region_2_min ) THEN
2990	!
2991	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
2992	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( generator_speed_f(inot) - region_15_min )
2993
2994	ELSEIF ( generator_speed_f(inot) <= region_25_min ) THEN
2995	!
2996	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
2997	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
2998	torque_gen(inot) = region_2_slope * generator_speed_f(inot) * generator_speed_f(inot)
2999
3000	ELSEIF ( generator_speed_f(inot) < generator_speed_rated ) THEN
3001	!
3002	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
3003	torque_gen(inot) = region_25_slope * ( generator_speed_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
3004
3005	ELSE
3006	!
3007	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
3008	!-- keep the power constant:
3009	torque_gen(inot) = generator_power_rated / generator_speed_f(inot)
3010
3011	ENDIF
3012	!
3013	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
3014	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
3015	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * generator_torque_rate_max ), &
3016	generator_torque_rate_max )
3017	!
3018	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
3019	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
3020	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), generator_torque_max )
3021	!
3022	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
3023	rotor_speed_l(inot) = generator_speed(inot) / gear_ratio
3024
3025
3026	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
3027
3028
3029	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3030	! Description:
3031	! ------------
3032	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
3033	!> flow components (tendency terms)
3034	!> Call for all grid points
3035	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3036	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions( location )
3037
3038
3039	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
3040
3041	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
3042	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
3043	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
3044
3045
3046	SELECT CASE ( location )
3047
3048	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
3049
3050	CALL wtm_forces
3051
3052	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
3053	!
3054	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
3055	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3056	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
3057	DO j = nysg, nyng
3058	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3059	!
3060	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
3061	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3062	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3063	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3064	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3065
3066	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
3067	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
3068	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3069	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
3070	ENDDO
3071	ENDDO
3072	ENDDO
3073	ENDIF
3074
3075	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
3076	!
3077	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
3078	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3079	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
3080	DO j = nysg, nyng
3081	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3082	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3083	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3084	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3085	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3086	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
3087	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
3088	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3089	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
3090	ENDDO
3091	ENDDO
3092	ENDDO
3093	ENDIF
3094
3095	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
3096	!
3097	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
3098	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3099	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
3100	DO j = nysg, nyng
3101	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3102	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
3103	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3104	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
3105	ENDDO
3106	ENDDO
3107	ENDDO
3108	ENDIF
3109
3110
3111	CASE DEFAULT
3112	CONTINUE
3113
3114	END SELECT
3115
3116
3117	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions
3118
3119
3120	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3121	! Description:
3122	! ------------
3123	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
3124	!> flow components (tendency terms)
3125	!> Call for grid point i,j
3126	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3127	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij( i, j, location )
3128
3129
3130	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
3131	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
3132	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
3133	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
3134
3135	SELECT CASE ( location )
3136
3137	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
3138
3139	CALL wtm_forces
3140
3141	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
3142	!
3143	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
3144	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3145	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3146	!
3147	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
3148	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3149	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3150	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3151	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3152	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
3153	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
3154	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3155	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
3156	ENDDO
3157	ENDIF
3158
3159	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
3160	!
3161	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
3162	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3163	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3164	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3165	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3166	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3167	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3168	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
3169	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
3170	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3171	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
3172	ENDDO
3173	ENDIF
3174
3175	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
3176	!
3177	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
3178	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3179	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3180	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
3181	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3182	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
3183	ENDDO
3184	ENDIF
3185
3186
3187	CASE DEFAULT
3188	CONTINUE
3189
3190	END SELECT
3191
3192
3193	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij
3194
3195
3196	SUBROUTINE wtm_data_output
3197
3198
3199	INTEGER(iwp) :: t_ind = 0 !< time index
3200
3201	INTEGER(iwp) :: return_value !< returned status value of called function
3202
3203	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
3204
3205	!
3206	!-- At the first call of this routine write the spatial coordinates.
3207	IF ( .NOT. initial_write_coordinates ) THEN
3208	ALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target(1:n_turbines) )
3209	output_values_1d_target = hub_x(1:n_turbines)
3210	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3211	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3212	'x', &
3213	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3214	bounds_start = (/1/), &
3215	bounds_end = (/n_turbines/) )
3216
3217	output_values_1d_target = hub_y(1:n_turbines)
3218	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3219	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3220	'y', &
3221	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3222	bounds_start = (/1/), &
3223	bounds_end = (/n_turbines/) )
3224
3225	output_values_1d_target = hub_z(1:n_turbines)
3226	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3227	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3228	'z', &
3229	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3230	bounds_start = (/1/), &
3231	bounds_end = (/n_turbines/) )
3232
3233	initial_write_coordinates = .TRUE.
3234	DEALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target )
3235	ENDIF
3236
3237	t_ind = t_ind + 1
3238
3239	ALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target(1:n_turbines) )
3240	output_values_1d_target = rotor_speed(:)
3241	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3242
3243	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3244	'rotor_speed', &
3245	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3246	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3247	bounds_end = (/n_turbines, t_ind /) )
3248
3249	output_values_1d_target = generator_speed(:)
3250	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3251	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3252	'generator_speed', &
3253	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3254	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3255	bounds_end = (/n_turbines, t_ind /) )
3256
3257	output_values_1d_target = torque_gen_old(:)
3258	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3259
3260	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3261	'generator_torque', &
3262	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3263	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3264	bounds_end = (/n_turbines, t_ind /) )
3265
3266	output_values_1d_target = torque_total(:)
3267	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3268
3269	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3270	'rotor_torque', &
3271	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3272	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3273	bounds_end = (/n_turbines, t_ind /) )
3274
3275	output_values_1d_target = pitch_angle(:)
3276	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3277
3278	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3279	'pitch_angle', &
3280	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3281	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3282	bounds_end = (/n_turbines, t_ind /) )
3283
3284	output_values_1d_target = torque_gen_old(:)generator_speed(:)generator_efficiency
3285	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3286
3287	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3288	'generator_power', &
3289	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3290	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3291	bounds_end = (/n_turbines, t_ind /) )
3292
3293	DO inot = 1, n_turbines
3294	output_values_1d_target(inot) = torque_total(inot)rotor_speed(inot)air_density
3295	ENDDO
3296	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3297
3298	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3299	'rotor_power', &
3300	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3301	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3302	bounds_end = (/n_turbines, t_ind /) )
3303
3304	output_values_1d_target = thrust_rotor(:)
3305	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3306
3307	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3308	'rotor_thrust', &
3309	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3310	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3311	bounds_end = (/n_turbines, t_ind /) )
3312
3313	output_values_1d_target = wdir(:)*180.0_wp/pi
3314	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3315
3316	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3317	'wind_direction', &
3318	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3319	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3320	bounds_end = (/n_turbines, t_ind /) )
3321
3322	output_values_1d_target = (yaw_angle(:))*180.0_wp/pi
3323	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3324
3325	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3326	'yaw_angle', &
3327	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3328	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3329	bounds_end = (/n_turbines, t_ind /) )
3330
3331	output_values_0d_target = time_since_reference_point
3332	output_values_0d_pointer => output_values_0d_target
3333
3334	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3335	'time', &
3336	values_realwp_0d = output_values_0d_pointer, &
3337	bounds_start = (/t_ind/), &
3338	bounds_end = (/t_ind/) )
3339
3340	DEALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target )
3341
3342	ENDIF
3343
3344	END SUBROUTINE wtm_data_output
3345
3346	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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