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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 4436

Last change on this file since 4436 was 4436, checked in by oliver.maas, 4 years ago
Bugfix: shifted netcdf preprocessor directive to correct position
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 143.8 KB

Rev	Line
[1820]	1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
[1912]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1819]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1819]	9	!
[4411]	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANYr
[1819]	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[3885]	17	! Copyright 2009-2019 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
[4360]	18	! Copyright 1997-2020 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1912]	19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	20	!
	21	! Current revisions:
	22	! -----------------
[4436]	23	! Bugfix: shifted netcdf preprocessor directive to correct position
[1913]	24	!
	25	! Former revisions:
	26	! -----------------
	27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 4436 2020-03-03 12:47:02Z oliver.maas $
[4434]	28	! added optional netcdf data input for wtm array input parameters
	29	!
	30	! 4426 2020-02-27 10:02:19Z oliver.maas
[4426]	31	! define time as unlimited dimension so that no maximum number
	32	! of time steps has to be given for wtm_data_output
	33	!
	34	! 4423 2020-02-25 07:17:11Z maronga
[4423]	35	! Switched to serial output as data is aggerated before anyway.
	36	!
	37	! 4420 2020-02-24 14:13:56Z maronga
[4420]	38	! Added output control for wind turbine model
	39	!
	40	! 4412 2020-02-19 14:53:13Z maronga
[4412]	41	! Bugfix: corrected character length in dimension_names
	42	!
	43	! 4411 2020-02-18 14:28:02Z maronga
[4411]	44	! Added output in NetCDF format using DOM (only netcdf4-parallel is supported).
	45	! Old ASCII output is still available at the moment.
	46	!
	47	! 4360 2020-01-07 11:25:50Z suehring
[4346]	48	! Introduction of wall_flags_total_0, which currently sets bits based on static
	49	! topography information used in wall_flags_static_0
	50	!
	51	! 4343 2019-12-17 12:26:12Z oliver.maas
[4343]	52	! replaced <= by < in line 1464 to ensure that ialpha will not be
	53	! greater than dlen
	54	!
	55	! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi
[4329]	56	! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0
	57	!
	58	! 4326 2019-12-06 14:16:14Z oliver.maas
[4326]	59	! changed format of turbine control output to allow for higher
	60	! torque and power values
	61	!
	62	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
[4182]	63	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	64	!
	65	! 4144 2019-08-06 09:11:47Z raasch
[4144]	66	! relational operators .EQ., .NE., etc. replaced by ==, /=, etc.
	67	!
	68	! 4056 2019-06-27 13:53:16Z Giersch
[4056]	69	! CASE DEFAULT action in wtm_actions needs to be CONTINUE. Otherwise an abort
	70	! will happen for location values that are not implemented as CASE statements
	71	! but are already realized in the code (e.g. pt-tendency)
	72	!
	73	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
[3885]	74	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
	75	! of additional debug messages
	76	!
	77	! 3875 2019-04-08 17:35:12Z knoop
[3875]	78	! Addaped wtm_tendency to fit the module actions interface
	79	!
	80	! 3832 2019-03-28 13:16:58Z raasch
[3832]	81	! instrumented with openmp directives
	82	!
	83	! 3725 2019-02-07 10:11:02Z raasch
[3725]	84	! unused variables removed
	85	!
	86	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
[3685]	87	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
	88	!
	89	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
[3593]	90	! Replace degree symbol by 'degrees'
[4182]	91	!
	92	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
	93	! Initial revision
	94	!
[3593]	95	!
[1819]	96	! Description:
	97	! ------------
	98	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
	99	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
	100	!> (ADM-R).
	101	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
	102	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
	103	!> yaw.
	104	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
	105	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
	106	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
	107	!> automatically).
	108	!>
[3065]	109	!> @todo Replace dz(1) appropriatly to account for grid stretching
[1819]	110	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
	111	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
	112	!> @todo Generate header information
[1917]	113	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
[1819]	114	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
	115	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
	116	!> @todo Include additional output variables
[1864]	117	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
	118	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
	119	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
[1819]	120	!
	121	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	122	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
	123
	124	USE arrays_3d, &
[2553]	125	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
[1819]	126
[3274]	127	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
[2553]	128	ONLY: pi
[1819]	129
	130	USE control_parameters, &
[3885]	131	ONLY: coupling_char, &
	132	debug_output, &
[4411]	133	dt_3d, dz, end_time, message_string, time_since_reference_point,&
	134	wind_turbine, initializing_actions, origin_date_time
[1819]	135
	136	USE cpulog, &
	137	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
	138
[4411]	139	USE data_output_module
	140
[1819]	141	USE grid_variables, &
	142	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
	143
	144	USE indices, &
	145	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
[4346]	146	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_total_0
[1819]	147
	148	USE kinds
	149
[4434]	150	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
	151	ONLY: check_existence, &
	152	close_input_file, &
	153	get_variable, &
	154	input_pids_wtm, &
	155	inquire_num_variables, &
	156	inquire_variable_names, &
	157	input_file_wtm, &
	158	num_var_pids, &
	159	open_read_file, &
	160	pids_id, &
	161	vars_pids
	162
[1819]	163	USE pegrid
	164
	165
	166	IMPLICIT NONE
	167
[1864]	168	PRIVATE
[1819]	169
[4411]	170
	171
	172	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: variable_name !< name of output variable
	173	CHARACTER(LEN=30) :: nc_filename
	174
[1819]	175	!
	176	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
	177
[1864]	178	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
[1839]	179	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
[1819]	180
[4411]	181
	182
	183	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), POINTER :: output_values_1d_pointer !< pointer for 2d output array
	184	REAL(wp), POINTER :: output_values_0d_pointer !< pointer for 2d output array
	185	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: output_values_1d_target !< pointer for 2d output array
	186	REAL(wp), TARGET :: output_values_0d_target !< pointer for 2d output array
	187
[1839]	188	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
	189	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
	190	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
[2152]	191	LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
[4411]	192
	193	LOGICAL :: initial_write_coordinates = .FALSE.
	194
[4426]	195	REAL(wp) :: dt_data_output_wtm = 0.0_wp !< data output interval
[4420]	196	REAL(wp) :: time_wtm = 0.0_wp !< time since last data output
	197
	198
[1839]	199	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	200	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	201	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	202	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	203	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
	204	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
[1819]	205
[4411]	206
[1912]	207	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
[4411]	208	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100), TARGET :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
[1912]	209	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
	210	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
	211	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
	212	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
	213	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
	214	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
	215	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
[3725]	216	! REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
[1912]	217	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
[1839]	218
[1819]	219	!
	220	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
	221	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
	222
[1912]	223	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
[1839]	224	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
[2341]	225	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
	226	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
[1839]	227	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
	228	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
	229	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
	230	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
[1912]	231	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
[1839]	232	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
	233	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
	234	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
[1912]	235	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
	236	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
[1839]	237
[1912]	238
[1819]	239	!
	240	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
	241
[1839]	242	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
	243	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
	244	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
	245
[1819]	246	!
	247	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
	248	TYPE file_status
	249	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
	250	END TYPE file_status
	251
[1912]	252	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
	253	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
[1819]	254
	255	!
	256	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
	257
[1839]	258	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	259	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	260	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	261	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
	262	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
[1819]	263
[1839]	264	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
[1819]	265
[1912]	266	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
	267	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
	268	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
	269	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
	270	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
	271	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
	272	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
	273	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
[1819]	274
[1912]	275	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
[1819]	276
[1912]	277	!
	278	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
[1864]	279	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
	280	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
[1912]	281	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
[1864]	282	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
[1839]	283	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
	284	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
[1819]	285
[1839]	286	!
	287	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
[1912]	288	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
	289	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
	290	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
	291	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
[1864]	292
[1912]	293	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
	294	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
[1819]	295
[1912]	296	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
	297	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
[1819]	298
[1912]	299	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
	300	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
[1819]	301
	302	!
	303	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
[1912]	304
[1839]	305	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
	306	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
	307	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
	308	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
	309	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
	310	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
	311	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
	312	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
	313	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
	314	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
	315	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
[3832]	316	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (cur_r, phi_rotor, pre_factor, torque_seg, u_int_l, u_int_u, u_rot, &
	317	!$OMP& v_int_l, v_int_u, w_int_l, w_int_u)
[1912]	318	!
	319	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
	320	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
	321	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
	322	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
	323	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
[3832]	324	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (tend_nac_x, tend_tow_x, tend_nac_y, tend_tow_y)
[1819]	325
[1912]	326	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
	327	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
	328	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
	329	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
	330	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
	331	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
	332	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
	333	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
	334	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
	335
	336	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
	337	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
	338
	339	!
	340	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
	341	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
	342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
	343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
	344	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
	345	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
	346	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
	347
	348	!
	349	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
	350	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
	351	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
	352	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
	353
	354	!
	355	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
	356	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
	357	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
	358	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
	359
	360	!
	361	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
	362	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
	363	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
	364	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
	365
	366	!
	367	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
	368	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
	369	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
	370	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
	371	!
	372	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
	373	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
	374
[1839]	375	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
	376	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
	377	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
	378	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
	379	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
	380	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
	381	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
	382	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
	383	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
[1819]	384
[1839]	385	!
	386	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
[1819]	387
[1912]	388	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
[1864]	389
[1912]	390	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
	391	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
	392	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
	393	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
	394	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
	395	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
	396	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
	397	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
[1819]	398
[1864]	399	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
[2563]	400
[1839]	401	!
	402	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
[1819]	403
[1912]	404	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
	405	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
	406	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
	407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
	408	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
	409	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
	410	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
	411	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
	412	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
	413	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
	414	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
	415	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
	416	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
[1819]	417
[2563]	418	!
	419	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
	420	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
	421	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
	422	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
	423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
	424	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
	425	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
	426	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
[1819]	427
[2563]	428
[1839]	429	SAVE
[1819]	430
[1839]	431
	432	INTERFACE wtm_parin
	433	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
	434	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
[2563]	435
[1912]	436	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
	437	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
	438	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
[3875]	439
[4411]	440	INTERFACE wtm_data_output
	441	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_data_output
	442	END INTERFACE wtm_data_output
	443
[1839]	444	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	445	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
	446	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	447
	448	INTERFACE wtm_init
	449	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
	450	END INTERFACE wtm_init
[2553]	451
[4411]	452	INTERFACE wtm_init_output
	453	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_output
	454	END INTERFACE wtm_init_output
	455
[3875]	456	INTERFACE wtm_actions
	457	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions
	458	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions_ij
	459	END INTERFACE wtm_actions
[1819]	460
[3875]	461	INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
	462	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rrd_global
	463	END INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
[1819]	464
[3875]	465	INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
	466	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_wrd_global
	467	END INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
[2563]	468
[3875]	469
	470	PUBLIC &
[4420]	471	dt_data_output_wtm, &
	472	time_wtm, &
	473	wind_turbine
	474
	475	PUBLIC &
[3875]	476	wtm_parin, &
	477	wtm_check_parameters, &
[4411]	478	wtm_data_output, &
[3875]	479	wtm_init_arrays, &
[4411]	480	wtm_init_output, &
[3875]	481	wtm_init, &
	482	wtm_actions, &
	483	wtm_rrd_global, &
	484	wtm_wrd_global
	485
	486
[1819]	487	CONTAINS
	488
	489
	490	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	491	! Description:
	492	! ------------
[1839]	493	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
[1819]	494	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	495	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
[1819]	496
[4434]	497	IMPLICIT NONE
[1819]	498
[1839]	499	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	500
[2932]	501	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_parameters/ &
[4420]	502	air_dens, dtow, dt_data_output_wtm, gear_eff,&
	503	gear_ratio, &
[2932]	504	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
	505	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
	506	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
	507	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
	508	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	509	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
	510	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[3725]	511	turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2932]	512	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[3725]	513	! , turb_cd_nacelle
[1819]	514	!
[1839]	515	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
	516	REWIND ( 11 )
	517	line = ' '
[3248]	518	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_parameters' ) == 0 )
[3246]	519	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
[1839]	520	ENDDO
	521	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	522
	523	!
	524	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[4420]	525	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_parameters, ERR = 10, END = 12 )
[2932]	526	!
	527	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	528	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	529
[4420]	530	GOTO 12
[2932]	531
[3246]	532	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	533	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	534	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_parameters', line )
[3246]	535
[4420]	536	12 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
[1839]	537
	538	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
	539
[2563]	540
	541	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	542	! Description:
	543	! ------------
[2894]	544	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
[2576]	545	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	546	SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2576]	547
	548
[2563]	549	IMPLICIT NONE
[4420]	550
[2776]	551
[2894]	552	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen' )
[2563]	553	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen
[2894]	554
	555	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f' )
[2563]	556	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f
[2894]	557
	558	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
[2563]	559	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old
[2894]	560
	561	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_old' )
[2563]	562	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old
[2894]	563
	564	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_rot' )
[2563]	565	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot
[2894]	566
	567	CALL wrd_write_string( 'phi_yaw' )
	568	WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw
	569
	570	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add' )
[2563]	571	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add
[2894]	572
	573	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add_old' )
[2563]	574	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old
[2894]	575
	576	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen' )
[2563]	577	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
[2894]	578
	579	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen_old' )
[2563]	580	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
[2894]	581
[2563]	582
[2894]	583	END SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2563]	584
	585
	586	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	587	! Description:
	588	! ------------
	589	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
	590	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	591	SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global( found )
[2563]	592
	593
[2894]	594	USE control_parameters, &
	595	ONLY: length, restart_string
	596
	597
[2563]	598	IMPLICIT NONE
	599
[2894]	600	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
[2563]	601
	602
[2894]	603	found = .TRUE.
[2563]	604
	605
[2894]	606	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
[2563]	607
[2894]	608	CASE ( 'omega_gen' )
	609	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen
	610	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' )
	611	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f
	612	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
	613	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old
	614	CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' )
	615	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old
	616	CASE ( 'omega_rot' )
	617	READ ( 13 ) omega_rot
	618	CASE ( 'phi_yaw' )
	619	READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw
	620	CASE ( 'pitch_add' )
	621	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add
	622	CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' )
	623	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old
	624	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
	625	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
	626	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
	627	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
[2563]	628
[2894]	629	CASE DEFAULT
[2563]	630
[2894]	631	found = .FALSE.
[2563]	632
[2894]	633	END SELECT
	634
[2563]	635
[2894]	636	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global
	637
	638
[2563]	639	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	640	! Description:
	641	! ------------
	642	!> Check namelist parameter
	643	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	644	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	645
	646	IMPLICIT NONE
[4436]	647
[4434]	648	IF ( .NOT. input_pids_wtm ) THEN
	649	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
	650	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
	651	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
	652	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	653	ENDIF
[4436]	654
[4434]	655	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
	656	message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
	657	'a value equal or larger than zero'
	658	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	659	ENDIF
[4436]	660
	661
[4434]	662	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	663	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	664	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
	665
	666	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
	667	'have to be given for each turbine.'
	668	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	669	ENDIF
[1912]	670	ENDIF
[4434]	671
[1912]	672	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
[4420]	673	!
[1912]	674
[1839]	675	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	676	! Description:
	677	! ------------
	678	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
	679	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	680	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
	681
	682	IMPLICIT NONE
	683
[1864]	684	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
	685	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
	686
[4436]	687	#if defined( __netcdf )
[1839]	688	!
[4434]	689	! Read wtm input file (netcdf) if it exists
	690	IF ( input_pids_wtm ) THEN
	691
	692	!
	693	!-- Open the wtm input file
	694	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_wtm ) // &
	695	TRIM( coupling_char ), pids_id )
	696
	697	CALL inquire_num_variables( pids_id, num_var_pids )
	698
	699	!
	700	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names and read them
	701	ALLOCATE( vars_pids(1:num_var_pids) )
	702	CALL inquire_variable_names( pids_id, vars_pids )
	703
	704	!
	705	!-- Input of all wtm parameters
	706	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'dtow' ) ) THEN
	707	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'dtow', dtow(1:nturbines))
	708	ENDIF
	709
	710	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'omega_rot' ) ) THEN
	711	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'omega_rot', omega_rot(1:nturbines))
	712	ENDIF
	713
	714	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'pitch_add' ) ) THEN
	715	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'pitch_add', pitch_add(1:nturbines))
	716	ENDIF
	717
	718	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'phi_yaw' ) ) THEN
	719	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'phi_yaw', phi_yaw(1:nturbines))
	720	ENDIF
	721
	722	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rcx' ) ) THEN
	723	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rcx', rcx(1:nturbines))
	724	ENDIF
	725
	726	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rcy' ) ) THEN
	727	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rcy', rcy(1:nturbines))
	728	ENDIF
	729
	730	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rcz' ) ) THEN
	731	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rcz', rcz(1:nturbines))
	732	ENDIF
	733
	734	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rnac' ) ) THEN
	735	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rnac', rnac(1:nturbines))
	736	ENDIF
	737
	738	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rr' ) ) THEN
	739	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rr', rr(1:nturbines))
	740	ENDIF
	741	!
	742	! IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'turb_cd_nacelle' ) ) THEN
	743	! CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'turb_cd_nacelle', turb_cd_nacelle(1:nturbines))
	744	! ENDIF
	745
	746	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'turb_cd_tower' ) ) THEN
	747	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'turb_cd_tower', turb_cd_tower(1:nturbines))
	748	ENDIF
	749	!
	750	!-- Close wtm input file
	751	CALL close_input_file( pids_id )
	752
	753	ENDIF
	754	#endif
	755
	756	!
[1839]	757	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
[1819]	758	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
	759
	760	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
	761	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
	762
	763	nrings(:) = 0
	764	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
	765
	766	!
	767	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
	768	delta_r_factor = segment_width
	769	delta_t_factor = segment_length
[3065]	770	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz(1))
[1819]	771
	772	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	773	!
	774	!-- Determine number of rings:
	775	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
	776
	777	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
	778
	779	ENDDO
	780
	781	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
	782
	783	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
	784	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
	785
	786	nsegs(:,:) = 0
	787	nsegs_total(:) = 0
	788
	789
	790	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	791	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	792	!
	793	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
[1839]	794	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
	795	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
	796	delta_t_factor ) )
[1819]	797	ENDDO
	798	!
	799	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
[1839]	800	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
[1819]	801
	802	ENDDO
	803
	804	!
	805	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
	806	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
	807
[1864]	808	!!
	809	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
	810	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	811	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
	812	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	813	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
	814	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	815	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
	816	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
	817	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
	818	! ENDIF
[1819]	819
	820
	821	!
	822	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
	823	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
	824	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
	825	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
	826	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
	827	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
	828	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
	829	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
[1912]	830	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	831
	832	!
	833	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
	834	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
	835	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
	836	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
	837	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
	838	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
	839	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
	840
	841	!
	842	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	843	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
	844	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
	845	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
	846	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
	847	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
	848	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
[1839]	849	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
	850	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
[1819]	851	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
	852	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
	853
	854	!
	855	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
	856	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	857	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	858	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	859	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	860	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	861	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	862
	863	!
	864	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
	865	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	866	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	867	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	868
	869	!
	870	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
[1912]	871	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	872	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	873	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	874	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	875	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	876	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	877	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1912]	878	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	879
	880	!
	881	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
	882	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	883	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	884	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	885	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	886	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	887	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	888
	889	!
	890	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
	891	i_hub(:) = 0
	892	i_smear(:) = 0
	893	j_hub(:) = 0
	894	j_smear(:) = 0
	895	k_hub(:) = 0
	896	k_smear(:) = 0
[1912]	897
[1819]	898	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	899	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	900
[2563]	901	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	902	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	903	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	904	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
	905	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	906	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	907	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	908	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	909	ENDIF
	910
[1819]	911	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	912	wdir_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	913	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	914	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	915	u_inflow_l(:) = 0.0_wp
	916	phi_yaw_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	917
	918	!
	919	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	920	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
	921	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
	922	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
	923	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	924	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	925	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	926	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
	927	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	928	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
	929	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
	930
	931	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	932	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	933	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	934	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	935	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	936	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	937
	938	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	939	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	940	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	941
[1912]	942	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	943	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	944	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	945	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	946	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	947	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	948	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	949	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	950
	951	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	952	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	953	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	954	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	955	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	956	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	957
	958
[1839]	959	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
[1819]	960
	961
	962	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	963	! Description:
	964	! ------------
[1839]	965	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
[1819]	966	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	967	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
[1819]	968
[1839]	969
[3065]	970	USE control_parameters, &
	971	ONLY: dz_stretch_level_start
	972
[1819]	973	IMPLICIT NONE
	974
[4411]	975
	976
[1819]	977	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	978	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	979	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1864]	980
[4411]	981
[1819]	982	!
[1864]	983	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
	984	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
	985
[1839]	986	!
[1864]	987	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
	988	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
	989	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
	990
	991	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
	992
	993	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
	994	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
	995	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
	996	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
	997
[3885]	998	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'start' )
[3685]	999
[1864]	1000	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
	1001	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
	1002	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
	1003	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	1004
[1839]	1005	!
[1819]	1006	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1007	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
	1008	!-- (smearing of the forces)
[1819]	1009	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1010	!
[1839]	1011	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
	1012	!-- be calculated:
[1819]	1013
[1839]	1014	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
	1015	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
[1819]	1016	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
	1017	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
	1018	!
[1839]	1019	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
	1020	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
	1021	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
	1022	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
	1023	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
[1819]	1024	!
[3065]	1025	!-- Stretching (non-uniform grid spacing) is not considered in the wind
	1026	!-- turbine model. Therefore, vertical stretching has to be applied above
	1027	!-- the area where the wtm is active. ABS (...) is required because the
	1028	!-- default value of dz_stretch_level_start is -9999999.9_wp (negative).
[3174]	1029	IF ( ABS( dz_stretch_level_start(1) ) <= MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) + &
	1030	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + &
	1031	eps_min) THEN
[3065]	1032	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'The lowest level where vertical ', &
	1033	'stretching is applied &have to be ', &
[3174]	1034	'greater than ',MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) +&
	1035	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + eps_min
[3066]	1036	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0484', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[3065]	1037	ENDIF
	1038	!
[1819]	1039	!-- Square of eps_min:
	1040	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
	1041	!
	1042	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
[1864]	1043	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
	1044	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
[1819]	1045	!
[1839]	1046	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
	1047	!-- function:
	1048	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
	1049
[1864]	1050	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
	1051	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
	1052
[1819]	1053	!
[1864]	1054	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
[2563]	1055	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1056	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
	1057	ENDIF
[1819]	1058
[1864]	1059
[1819]	1060	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1061	!
[1864]	1062	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
	1063	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1064
	1065	!
	1066	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
	1067	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
	1068	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
[3065]	1069	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) )
[1819]	1070
	1071	!
	1072	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
[1839]	1073	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
	1074	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
	1075	!-- function of eps_min:
[1819]	1076	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
	1077	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
[3065]	1078	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz(1) )
[1864]	1079
[1819]	1080	ENDDO
	1081
	1082	!
[2792]	1083	!-- Call the wtm_init_speed_control subroutine and calculate the local
	1084	!-- omega_rot for the respective processor.
	1085	IF ( speed_control) THEN
	1086
[3875]	1087	CALL wtm_init_speed_control
[2792]	1088
	1089	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1090
	1091	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1092
	1093	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1094	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1095	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1096	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1097	ENDIF
	1098
	1099	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1100	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1101	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1102	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1103	ENDIF
	1104
	1105	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1106	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1107	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1108	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1109	ENDIF
	1110
	1111	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1112	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1113	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1114	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1115	ENDIF
	1116
	1117	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1118	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1119
	1120	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
	1121
	1122	ENDIF
	1123	ENDIF
	1124
	1125	END DO
	1126
	1127	ENDIF
	1128
	1129	ENDIF
	1130
	1131	!
[1819]	1132	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1133	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
	1134	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
[1819]	1135	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1136	!
	1137	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
	1138	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
	1139
	1140	!
	1141	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
	1142	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
	1143	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
	1144
	1145	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
[1839]	1146
	1147	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1148
[1839]	1149
	1150	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
[1819]	1151	!
[1839]	1152	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
	1153	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
	1154	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
[1819]	1155	i = i_hub(inot)
	1156
	1157	!
[1839]	1158	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1159	!-- grid point indices):
[1819]	1160	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1161	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1162	!
[1839]	1163	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1164	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
	1165	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
	1166	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
	1167	!-- in grid box 1.
[3065]	1168	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
	1169	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
[1819]	1170
	1171	!
	1172	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
[1864]	1173	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
[1819]	1174	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1175	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1176
	1177	!
	1178	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
[1864]	1179	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
[1839]	1180	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1819]	1181
	1182	DO j = nys, nyn
	1183	!
[1839]	1184	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
	1185	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
	1186
[1819]	1187	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1188
	1189	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1190	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
[1839]	1191	!
[1819]	1192	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1193	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	1194	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1195	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1196	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1197	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1198	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1199	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	1200	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1201	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1202	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1203	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1204	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1205	!
	1206	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1207	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1208	ELSE
[1912]	1209	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1210	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*&
[1912]	1211	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1212	ENDIF
	1213	!
	1214	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1215	ELSE
[3065]	1216	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - ( k_hub(inot) * &
	1217	dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) ) * &
[1912]	1218	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1219	ENDIF
[1839]	1220	!
	1221	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
	1222	!-- are carried out:
[1819]	1223	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1224
[1839]	1225	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
	1226	!
[1819]	1227	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1228	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[3065]	1229	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1230	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1231	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
[1912]	1232	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1233	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[3065]	1234	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1235	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1236	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
[1912]	1237	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1238	!
	1239	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1240	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1241	ELSE
[3065]	1242	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dy * &
	1243	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1244	ENDIF
[1839]	1245	!
[1819]	1246	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1247	ELSE
[3065]	1248	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dtow(inot) * &
[1912]	1249	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1250	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
	1251
	1252	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
	1253
	1254	ENDDO ! end loop over k
	1255
	1256	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
	1257
	1258	ENDDO ! end loop over j
	1259
	1260	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
[1819]	1261
[1839]	1262
[1912]	1263	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
[1819]	1264
[1839]	1265	!
[1864]	1266	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
	1267	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
	1268	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
	1269	!!
	1270	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
	1271	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
	1272	!!-- circle_points in the following):
	1273	!
	1274	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
	1275	!
	1276	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
	1277	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
	1278	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
	1279	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1280	!!
	1281	!!-- bottom intersection point
	1282	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
	1283	!!
	1284	!!-- top intersection point
	1285	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
	1286	! ELSE
	1287	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
	1288	! ENDIF
	1289	! ENDDO
	1290	!
	1291	!
	1292	! DO j = nys, nyn
	1293	!!
	1294	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
	1295	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
	1296	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
[1912]	1297	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1298	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
	1299	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1300	!!
	1301	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
	1302	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
	1303	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
[1912]	1304	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1305	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
	1306	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
	1307	!!
	1308	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
	1309	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
	1310	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
	1311	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
	1312	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
	1313	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
	1314	! dz_int = dz
	1315	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
	1316	!!
	1317	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
	1318	!!-- within the current grid box:
	1319	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1320	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1321	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
	1322	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
	1323	! ENDIF
	1324	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1325	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1326	! dz_int = dz_int - &
	1327	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
	1328	! ENDIF
	1329	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
	1330	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1331	! ENDIF
	1332	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
	1333	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1334	! ENDIF
	1335	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1912]	1336	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
	1337	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
[1864]	1338	! ENDIF
	1339	! ENDDO
	1340	! ENDIF
	1341	! ENDDO
	1342	! ENDIF
[1819]	1343	!
[1864]	1344	! ENDDO
[1819]	1345	!
[1912]	1346	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
[1819]	1347
[1864]	1348	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
[1819]	1349
[3065]	1350	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize tower drag
	1351	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
[1819]	1352
[1912]	1353	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
[3685]	1354
[3885]	1355	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'end' )
[1839]	1356
[1864]	1357	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
	1358
	1359
[4411]	1360
[4423]	1361	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_output
[4411]	1362
	1363
[4426]	1364	! INTEGER(iwp) :: ntimesteps !< number of timesteps defined in NetCDF output file
	1365	! INTEGER(iwp) :: ntimesteps_max = 80000 !< number of maximum timesteps defined in NetCDF output file
[4423]	1366	INTEGER(iwp) :: return_value !< returned status value of called function
	1367
	1368	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< running index
[4411]	1369
[4423]	1370	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ndim !< dummy to write dimension
[4411]	1371
	1372
	1373	!
[4423]	1374	!-- Create NetCDF output file
	1375	nc_filename = 'DATA_1D_TS_WTM_NETCDF' // TRIM( coupling_char )
	1376	return_value = dom_def_file( nc_filename, 'netcdf4-serial' )
[4411]	1377
[4423]	1378	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
[4411]	1379	!
	1380	!-- Define dimensions in output file
	1381	ALLOCATE( ndim(1:nturbines) )
	1382	DO n = 1, nturbines
	1383	ndim(n) = n
	1384	ENDDO
	1385	return_value = dom_def_dim( nc_filename, &
	1386	dimension_name = 'turbine', &
	1387	output_type = 'int32', &
	1388	bounds = (/1_iwp, nturbines/), &
	1389	values_int32 = ndim )
	1390	DEALLOCATE( ndim )
	1391
	1392	!
	1393	!-- time
	1394	return_value = dom_def_dim( nc_filename, &
[4426]	1395	dimension_name = 'time', &
	1396	output_type = 'real32', &
	1397	bounds = (/1_iwp/), &
	1398	values_realwp = (/0.0_wp/) )
[4411]	1399
	1400	!
	1401	!-- x
	1402	variable_name = 'x'
	1403	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1404	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1405	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
	1406	output_type = 'real32' )
	1407	!
	1408	!-- y
	1409	variable_name = 'y'
	1410	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1411	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1412	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
	1413	output_type = 'real32' )
	1414
	1415	variable_name = 'z'
	1416	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1417	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1418	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
	1419	output_type = 'real32' )
	1420
	1421
	1422	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1423	variable_name = 'time', &
	1424	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1425	value = 'seconds since ' // origin_date_time )
	1426
	1427	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1428	variable_name = 'x', &
	1429	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1430	value = 'm' )
	1431
	1432	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1433	variable_name = 'y', &
	1434	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1435	value = 'm' )
	1436
	1437	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1438	variable_name = 'z', &
	1439	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1440	value = 'm' )
	1441
	1442	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1443	variable_name = 'x', &
	1444	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
	1445	value = 'x location of rotor center' )
	1446
	1447	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1448	variable_name = 'y', &
	1449	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
	1450	value = 'y location of rotor center' )
	1451
	1452	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1453	variable_name = 'z', &
	1454	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
	1455	value = 'z location of rotor center' )
	1456
	1457
	1458	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1459	variable_name = 'turbine_name', &
	1460	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
	1461	value = 'turbine name')
	1462
	1463	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1464	variable_name = 'time', &
	1465	attribute_name = 'standard_name', &
	1466	value = 'time')
	1467
	1468	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1469	variable_name = 'time', &
	1470	attribute_name = 'axis', &
	1471	value = 'T')
	1472
	1473	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1474	variable_name = 'x', &
	1475	attribute_name = 'axis', &
	1476	value = 'X' )
	1477
	1478	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1479	variable_name = 'y', &
	1480	attribute_name = 'axis', &
	1481	value = 'Y' )
	1482
	1483
	1484	variable_name = 'rotor_speed'
	1485	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1486	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1487	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1488	output_type = 'real32' )
	1489
	1490	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1491	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1492	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1493	value = 'rad/s' )
	1494
	1495	variable_name = 'generator_speed'
	1496	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1497	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1498	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1499	output_type = 'real32' )
	1500
	1501	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1502	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1503	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1504	value = 'rad/s' )
	1505
	1506
	1507	variable_name = 'generator_torque'
	1508	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1509	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1510	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1511	output_type = 'real32' )
	1512
	1513	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1514	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1515	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1516	value = 'Nm' )
	1517
	1518	variable_name = 'rotor_torque'
	1519	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1520	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1521	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1522	output_type = 'real32' )
	1523
	1524	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1525	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1526	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1527	value = 'Nm' )
	1528
	1529	variable_name = 'pitch_angle'
	1530	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1531	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1532	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1533	output_type = 'real32' )
	1534
	1535	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1536	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1537	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1538	value = 'degrees' )
	1539
	1540	variable_name = 'generator_power'
	1541	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1542	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1543	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1544	output_type = 'real32' )
	1545
	1546	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1547	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1548	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1549	value = 'W' )
	1550
	1551	variable_name = 'rotor_power'
	1552	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1553	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1554	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1555	output_type = 'real32' )
	1556
	1557	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1558	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1559	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1560	value = 'W' )
	1561
	1562	variable_name = 'rotor_thrust'
	1563	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1564	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1565	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1566	output_type = 'real32' )
	1567
	1568	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1569	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1570	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1571	value = 'N' )
	1572
	1573
	1574	variable_name = 'wind_direction'
	1575	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1576	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1577	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1578	output_type = 'real32' )
	1579
	1580	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1581	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1582	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1583	value = 'degrees' )
	1584
	1585	variable_name = 'yaw_angle'
	1586	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1587	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1588	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1589	output_type = 'real32' )
	1590
	1591	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1592	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1593	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1594	value = 'degrees' )
[4423]	1595
	1596	ENDIF
	1597	END SUBROUTINE
[4411]	1598
[1819]	1599	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1864]	1600	! Description:
	1601	! ------------
	1602	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
	1603	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
[1819]	1604	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	1605	!
	1606	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1607
[1839]	1608
[1864]	1609	IMPLICIT NONE
	1610
	1611	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
	1612	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
[1843]	1613
[1864]	1614	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
	1615
	1616	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
[1839]	1617
[1864]	1618	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
	1619	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
	1620	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
	1621	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
	1622	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
	1623	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
	1624	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
	1625	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
	1626	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
	1627	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
[1839]	1628
[1864]	1629	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
	1630	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
	1631	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
[1839]	1632
[1864]	1633	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
	1634	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
[1839]	1635
[1864]	1636	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
	1637	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
	1638	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
	1639	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
	1640	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
[1839]	1641
[1864]	1642	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
	1643	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
	1644	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
	1645	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
	1646	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
[1839]	1647
[1864]	1648	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
[1839]	1649
[1864]	1650	!
	1651	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
	1652	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
	1653
[2323]	1654	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1655
	1656	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
	1657	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
[2322]	1658	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1864]	1659	ENDIF
	1660	!
	1661	!-- Read distribution table:
	1662
	1663	dlen = 0
	1664
[2323]	1665	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1666
	1667	rloop3: DO
[2323]	1668	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1669	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
	1670	dlen = dlen + 1
	1671	ENDDO rloop3
	1672
	1673	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
	1674
	1675	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1676	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1677	ENDDO
	1678
	1679	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1680	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
[1864]	1681	ENDDO
	1682
	1683	!
	1684	!-- Read layout table:
	1685
[1839]	1686	dlen = 0
[1864]	1687
[2323]	1688	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
[1864]	1689
[1843]	1690	rloop1: DO
[2323]	1691	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1692	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
	1693	dlen = dlen + 1
[1843]	1694	ENDDO rloop1
[1864]	1695
[1839]	1696	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
[1864]	1697	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
[2323]	1698	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1699	ENDDO
	1700	DO jj = 1, dlen
[2323]	1701	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
[1839]	1702	ENDDO
[1819]	1703
[1864]	1704	!
	1705	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
[1819]	1706
[1864]	1707	dlen = 0
	1708
[2323]	1709	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1710
[1843]	1711	rloop2: DO
[2323]	1712	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1713	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
	1714	dlen = dlen + 1
	1715	ENDDO rloop2
	1716
[1912]	1717	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
[1864]	1718	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
	1719
	1720	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1721	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1722	ENDDO
	1723
[1839]	1724	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1725	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
[1864]	1726	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
	1727	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
	1728	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
	1729	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
[1819]	1730	ENDDO
[1864]	1731
[1839]	1732	ENDDO
[1864]	1733
	1734	dlenbl = dlen
	1735
[2323]	1736	CLOSE ( 90 )
[1819]	1737
[1864]	1738	!
[2836]	1739	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 631 values if rr(1)=63m)
	1740	!-- and each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.1 degrees --> 3601 values!)
[1864]	1741	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
	1742	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
	1743	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
[1839]	1744
[2836]	1745	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1746	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
	1747	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1748	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
[1819]	1749
[1864]	1750	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
	1751	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
[1839]	1752
[2836]	1753	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1754	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
[1864]	1755
[2836]	1756	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
[1864]	1757
[2836]	1758	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
	1759	!
	1760	!-- Find position in table 1
	1761	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
	1762	! lct(1) = lct(1)
[1864]	1763
[4144]	1764	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) > 0.0 ) THEN
[2836]	1765	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
	1766	ENDIF
[1864]	1767
[2836]	1768	trow = lct(1)
	1769	!
	1770	!-- Calculate weights for radius interpolation
	1771	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1772	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1773	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
	1774	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
[1864]	1775
[4144]	1776	IF ( t1 == t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
	1777	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
	1778	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
[2836]	1779	ENDIF
	1780
	1781	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
	1782	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1783	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1784	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1785	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1786
[3593]	1787	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values
[2836]	1788	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! for each radius has to be set
	1789	! explicitly
	1790	ELSE
	1791	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
	1792	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
	1793	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
	1794	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
	1795	!
[3593]	1796	!-- For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values for each radius has to be set
[2836]	1797	!-- explicitly
	1798	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cd_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1799	* turb_cd_table(1,t2) )
	1800	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cl_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1801	* turb_cl_table(1,t2) )
	1802	ENDIF
	1803
	1804	DO iialpha = 2, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
	1805
[1864]	1806	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
	1807	ialpha = 1
[2836]	1808
[4343]	1809	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha < dlen ) )
[1864]	1810	ialpha = ialpha + 1
	1811	ENDDO
[1819]	1812
[1864]	1813	!
[1912]	1814	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
	1815	!-- segments and angles of attack
[3182]	1816
[1912]	1817	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1818	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1819	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1820	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1821	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1822	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1823	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1824	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1825	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1826	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1827	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1828	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
[1912]	1829	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1830	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1831	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1832	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1833	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1834	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1835	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1836	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1837	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1838	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1839	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1840	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
[2836]	1841
[1912]	1842	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
[2836]	1843
	1844	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
[1819]	1845
[2836]	1846
[1912]	1847	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1848
	1849
[1864]	1850	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1851	! Description:
	1852	! ------------
	1853	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
	1854	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
	1855	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1856	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1857
[1864]	1858
	1859	IMPLICIT NONE
	1860
	1861	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	1862	!
	1863	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
	1864	!-- the rotors
	1865	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
	1866	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
	1867	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
	1868
	1869	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1870	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1871	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1872
	1873	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
	1874	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
	1875	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
[1839]	1876
[1864]	1877	!
	1878	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
	1879	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
[1819]	1880
[1912]	1881	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
[1864]	1882	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1883	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1884	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1885	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1886	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1887	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1888	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1889	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1890	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1891	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1892	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
[1864]	1893	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1894	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1895	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1896	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1897	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1898	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1899	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1900	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1901	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1902	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1903	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
[1864]	1904	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1839]	1905
[1864]	1906	!
	1907	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
	1908	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
	1909	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
	1910	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
	1911	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
	1912
	1913	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
[1839]	1914
	1915
[1819]	1916	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1917	! Description:
	1918	! ------------
[1839]	1919	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
[1819]	1920	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1921	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	1922
[1864]	1923
[1819]	1924	IMPLICIT NONE
	1925
[2669]	1926	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
[1819]	1927
[1839]	1928	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
	1929	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	1930	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
[3241]	1931	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg !<
	1932	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !<
[1839]	1933	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
[4411]	1934
[2232]	1935	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
[1839]	1936	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
	1937	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
[1912]	1938
	1939	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
	1940	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
	1941
	1942	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
[4411]	1943
[1912]	1944
[1839]	1945	!
[1819]	1946	! Variables for pitch control
[3241]	1947	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1839]	1948
[3241]	1949	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct = 0
	1950	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d = 0.0_wp
[2152]	1951
	1952	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
[1819]	1953
	1954
[1864]	1955	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
[1819]	1956
	1957
[4411]	1958	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	1959
[1864]	1960	!
[1819]	1961	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
	1962	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1963	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1964	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1965	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1966	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1967	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1968	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1969	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1970	!
	1971	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	1972	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1973
	1974	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1975	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1976	!
[1839]	1977	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[3832]	1978
	1979	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, thrust_seg, torque_seg_y, torque_seg_z, sin_rot, &
	1980	!$OMP& cos_rot, re, rbx, rby, rbz, ii, jj, kk, aa, bb, cc, dd, gg)
	1981	!$OMP DO
[1819]	1982	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1983
	1984	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	1985	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	1986	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
	1987	!
	1988	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1989	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
	1990
	1991	!
[1839]	1992	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1993	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1994	!
[1864]	1995	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1996	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
	1997	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1998	!
[1864]	1999	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	2000	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	2001	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	2002	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2003	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
	2004	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
	2005
[1864]	2006	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	2007	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	2008	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
[1839]	2009	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
[1819]	2010	re(3) = sin_rot
	2011
	2012	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	2013	!
	2014	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	2015	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	2016	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	2017	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	2018
[1864]	2019	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2020	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
	2021	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
	2022	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
	2023	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2024
	2025	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2026	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2027
	2028	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2029	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2030
	2031	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2032	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2033
	2034	!
	2035	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
	2036
	2037	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
	2038	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	2039	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	2040	!
[1864]	2041	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	2042	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	2043	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	2044	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	2045
[1839]	2046	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	2047	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	2048	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	2049	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	2050	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	2051	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	2052	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	2053	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	2054	gg = dx * dy
	2055
[1864]	2056	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
	2057	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	2058	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	2059	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	2060	) / gg
	2061
[1864]	2062	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	2063	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	2064	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	2065	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	2066	) / gg
	2067
[1864]	2068	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
[3065]	2069	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	2070	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
	2071
	2072	ELSE
	2073	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2074	ENDIF
	2075	ELSE
	2076	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2077	ENDIF
	2078
	2079
	2080	!
	2081	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
	2082	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
[1839]	2083	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
[3065]	2084	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	2085	!
[1864]	2086	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	2087	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	2088	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	2089	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	2090
[1839]	2091	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	2092	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	2093	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	2094	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	2095	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	2096	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
	2097	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	2098	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
[1819]	2099	gg = dx * dy
	2100
[1864]	2101	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
	2102	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	2103	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	2104	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	2105	) / gg
	2106
[1864]	2107	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	2108	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	2109	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	2110	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	2111	) / gg
	2112
[1864]	2113	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
[3065]	2114	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	2115	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
	2116
	2117	ELSE
	2118	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2119	ENDIF
	2120	ELSE
	2121	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2122	ENDIF
	2123
	2124
	2125	!
	2126	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
	2127	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	2128	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	2129	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz(1)
[1819]	2130	!
[1864]	2131	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	2132	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	2133	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	2134	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	2135
[1839]	2136	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	2137	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	2138	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	2139	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	2140	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	2141	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	2142	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	2143	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	2144	gg = dx * dy
	2145
[1864]	2146	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
	2147	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	2148	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	2149	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	2150	) / gg
	2151
[1864]	2152	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	2153	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	2154	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	2155	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	2156	) / gg
	2157
[1864]	2158	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
[3065]	2159	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	2160	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
	2161	ELSE
	2162	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2163	ENDIF
	2164	ELSE
	2165	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2166	ENDIF
	2167
	2168	ENDDO
	2169	ENDDO
[3832]	2170	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2171
	2172	ENDDO
	2173
	2174	!
	2175	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
	2176	#if defined( __parallel )
[1839]	2177	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	2178	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2179	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	2180	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2181	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	2182	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1819]	2183	#else
	2184	u_int = u_int_1_l
	2185	v_int = v_int_1_l
	2186	w_int = w_int_1_l
	2187	#endif
	2188
	2189
	2190	!
	2191	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
[1912]	2192
[1819]	2193	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1912]	2194	pit_loop: DO
[1819]	2195
[1912]	2196	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
[1839]	2197	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	2198	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
	2199	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
	2200	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
	2201	ELSE
	2202	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	2203	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	2204	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
	2205	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
	2206	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
	2207	ENDIF
[1819]	2208	ENDIF
	2209
[1839]	2210	!
	2211	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[3832]	2212	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, sin_rot, cos_rot, re, rea, ren, rote, rota, rotn, &
	2213	!$OMP& vtheta, phi_rel, lct, rad_d, alpha_attack, vrel, &
	2214	!$OMP& chord, iialpha, iir, turb_cl, tl_factor, thrust_seg, &
	2215	!$OMP& torque_seg_y, turb_cd, torque_seg_z, thrust_ring, &
	2216	!$OMP& torque_ring_y, torque_ring_z)
	2217	!$OMP DO
[1819]	2218	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	2219	!
	2220	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	2221	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
[1839]	2222	!
	2223	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	2224	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	2225	!
[1839]	2226	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	2227	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	2228	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	2229	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2230	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
	2231	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
	2232	!
[1839]	2233	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	2234	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	2235	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
	2236	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
	2237	re(3) = sin_rot
	2238
[1864]	2239	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
[1819]	2240	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
	2241	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
	2242	rea(3) = cos_rot
	2243
	2244	!
[1864]	2245	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
	2246	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
	2247	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
[1819]	2248	ren(1) = cos_yaw
	2249	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
	2250	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
	2251	!
	2252	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
[1864]	2253	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
	2254	!-- tilt:
[1819]	2255	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	2256	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
	2257	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
	2258	!
	2259	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	2260	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	2261
	2262	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	2263
	2264	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	2265
	2266	!
[1864]	2267	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2268	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
	2269	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2270	!
[1864]	2271	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
[2553]	2272	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
[1819]	2273	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
	2274	!-- coordinates y' and z.
	2275	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
	2276	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
[1864]	2277	!
	2278	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
	2279	!
[1819]	2280	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
[1864]	2281	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
	2282	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
[1819]	2283	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
	2284	!
[1864]	2285	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
	2286	!-- direction:
	2287	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
	2288	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
[1819]	2289	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
	2290	!
[1864]	2291	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
	2292	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
[1819]	2293
[4434]	2294	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN2( u_rot , &
[1864]	2295	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2296	vtheta(rseg) ) )
	2297
	2298	!
[1864]	2299	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
	2300	!-- to the current radial position:
[1819]	2301
	2302	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
	2303	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
	2304
	2305	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2306	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2307	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
[1864]	2308	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
	2309	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2310	ELSE
[1864]	2311	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
	2312	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2313	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
	2314	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
	2315	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2316	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2317	ENDIF
	2318
	2319	!
[1864]	2320	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
	2321	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
	2322	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
	2323	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2324	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2325	!
[1864]	2326	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
	2327	!-- angle of attack:
[1819]	2328	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
	2329	!
[1864]	2330	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
	2331	!-- to angles given in degree:
	2332	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2333	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
	2334	!
[1864]	2335	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
[3139]	2336	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) - pitch_add(inot)
[1819]	2337
	2338	!
[1864]	2339	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
	2340	!-- to the rotor:
[1912]	2341	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
	2342	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2343	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
	2344
	2345	!
[1864]	2346	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2347	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
	2348	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
	2349	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2350
	2351	!
[1864]	2352	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
	2353	!-- the current radial position:
[1819]	2354
	2355	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2356	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2357	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
[1864]	2358	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2359	ELSE
[1864]	2360	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
	2361	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2362	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
	2363	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
	2364	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2365	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2366	ENDIF
	2367
	2368	!
	2369	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
[1864]	2370	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
[2836]	2371	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 1, +180.0 degrees = 3601,
	2372	!-- so one index every 0.1 degrees):
[1864]	2373	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
[2836]	2374	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) ) + 1.0_wp
[1819]	2375	!
	2376	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
[1864]	2377	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	2378	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
[1819]	2379	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
	2380	!
[1864]	2381	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
	2382	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
[1839]	2383	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
	2384	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
[1819]	2385
	2386	!
[1864]	2387	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
	2388	!-- angles given in radian:
	2389	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2390	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2391
[2152]	2392	IF ( tl_cor ) THEN
	2393
	2394	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
	2395	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
	2396	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
	2397	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
	2398	!--
	2399	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
	2400	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / &
	2401	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
	2402
	2403	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
	2404
[2894]	2405	ENDIF
[1819]	2406	!
	2407	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2408	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
	2409	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2410
	2411	!
[1864]	2412	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
[1819]	2413
	2414	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
	2415	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2416
	2417	!
[1864]	2418	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
	2419	!-- for each ring segment:
	2420	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
	2421	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
	2422	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2423
	2424	!
[1864]	2425	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
	2426	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
	2427	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
	2428	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
	2429	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
	2430	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
[1839]	2431	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2432	!
	2433	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
[1864]	2434	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
	2435	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
[1819]	2436
	2437	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
	2438	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
	2439
[1912]	2440	!
	2441	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
[3832]	2442	!$OMP CRITICAL
[1912]	2443	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
	2444	thrust_seg(rseg)
	2445
	2446
[1819]	2447	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
[3832]	2448	!$OMP END CRITICAL
[1819]	2449
[1864]	2450	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
[1819]	2451
	2452	!
[1864]	2453	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
	2454	!-- each ring:
[1819]	2455	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
	2456	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
	2457	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
	2458
	2459
[1864]	2460	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
[3832]	2461	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2462
	2463
[1864]	2464	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
[1819]	2465
[1912]	2466
	2467	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2468	!
	2469	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
	2470
	2471	!
	2472	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
	2473	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
	2474	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
	2475	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
	2476	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
	2477	( inertia_rot + &
	2478	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
[1819]	2479
[1912]	2480	!
	2481	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
	2482	!-- and rotor speed
	2483	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
	2484
	2485	ENDIF
	2486
[1864]	2487	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
[1819]	2488
[1912]	2489	!
	2490	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
	2491	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
	2492	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
	2493	!-- gain
	2494	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
	2495	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
	2496	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
	2497	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
[1864]	2498	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
[1912]	2499	!
	2500	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
	2501	CYCLE pit_loop
[1819]	2502	ENDIF
[1912]	2503
	2504	!
	2505	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
	2506	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
[1864]	2507	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1819]	2508	ENDIF
[1912]	2509	EXIT pit_loop
	2510	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
[1819]	2511
[1864]	2512
[1819]	2513	!
[1864]	2514	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
	2515
[1819]	2516	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2517	!
[1864]	2518	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2519	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2520	THEN
	2521	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2522	THEN
[1864]	2523	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2524	ENDIF
[1912]	2525	ENDIF
[1864]	2526
[1819]	2527	ENDIF
	2528
	2529
[1864]	2530	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
[1819]	2531
[1864]	2532	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
[1819]	2533
	2534
[1864]	2535	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
	2536	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
	2537	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
	2538	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2539	!
[1864]	2540	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
	2541	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
[1819]	2542	!
	2543	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
[1864]	2544	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
	2545	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
	2546	!-- consideration
[1819]	2547	!
[1864]	2548	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
	2549	!-- of the model domain:
[1819]	2550	!
	2551	!--
	2552	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
[1864]	2553	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
	2554	eps_min ) / dx )
	2555	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
	2556	eps_min ) / dy )
[1819]	2557
[3832]	2558	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (i, j, k, ring, rseg, flag, dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d)
	2559	!$OMP DO
[1864]	2560	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2561	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
[1864]	2562	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2563	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
[2232]	2564	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
	2565	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
	2566	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
[1819]	2567	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	2568	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	2569	!
[2232]	2570	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
[4346]	2571	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[2232]	2572
	2573	!
[1819]	2574	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
	2575	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
[1864]	2576	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2577	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2578	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2579	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2580	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2581	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2582	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2583	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2584	( k * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1819]	2585
	2586	!
	2587	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
	2588	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
	2589	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
	2590	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
	2591	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
	2592	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2593	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
	2594	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
	2595	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2596	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
	2597	flag
[1819]	2598	ENDIF
	2599	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2600	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
	2601	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
	2602	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2603	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2604	flag
[1819]	2605	ENDIF
	2606	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2607	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
	2608	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
	2609	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2610	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2611	flag
[1819]	2612	ENDIF
	2613
	2614	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
	2615	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
	2616
	2617	!
	2618	!-- Rotation of force components:
[2232]	2619	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2620	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
	2621	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
[2232]	2622	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
	2623	) * flag
[1819]	2624
[2232]	2625	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2626	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
	2627	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
[2232]	2628	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
	2629	) * flag
[1819]	2630
[2232]	2631	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2632	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
	2633	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
[2232]	2634	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
	2635	) * flag
[1819]	2636
	2637	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
	2638	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
	2639	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
[3832]	2640	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2641
[1864]	2642	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
[1819]	2643
[1912]	2644	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2645
	2646
	2647	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
	2648	!
	2649	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
	2650	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
	2651	IF ( start_up ) THEN
[4434]	2652	WDLON = MAX( 1 , NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ) ! 30s running mean array
[1819]	2653	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
[1912]	2654	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2655	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
	2656
[4434]	2657	WDSHO = MAX( 1 , NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ) ! 2s running mean array
[1819]	2658	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
[1912]	2659	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2660	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
	2661	start_up = .FALSE.
	2662	ENDIF
	2663
	2664	!
	2665	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
	2666	!--
	2667	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	2668	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2669	!
	2670	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2671	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2672	THEN
	2673	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2674	THEN
[1864]	2675
[1819]	2676	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
[1864]	2677
[1912]	2678	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
	2679	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
	2680	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
	2681	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
	2682	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
[1864]	2683
	2684	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2685
[1819]	2686	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
[2015]	2687
[1819]	2688	ENDIF
	2689	ENDIF
	2690
[1864]	2691	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
	2692
	2693	!
[1929]	2694	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
	2695	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2696	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2697	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2698	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2699	comm2d, ierr )
	2700	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2701	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2702	#else
	2703	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
	2704	wdir = wdir_l
	2705	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
[2015]	2706
	2707
[1929]	2708	#endif
[1819]	2709	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1864]	2710	!
	2711	!-- Update rotor orientation
	2712	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	2713
	2714	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
	2715
[2894]	2716	ENDIF ! end of yaw control
[1864]	2717
	2718	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2719	!
	2720	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
[1912]	2721	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2722	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2723	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2724	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2725	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2726	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
	2727	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1912]	2728	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
	2729	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2730	#else
	2731	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
	2732	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
	2733	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
	2734	#endif
[1864]	2735
	2736	ENDIF
[1819]	2737
[4411]	2738
	2739
	2740
[1819]	2741	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2742
[4411]	2743
	2744
[1819]	2745	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	2746	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
[4411]	2747	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) time_since_reference_point, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2748	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2749	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2750	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2751	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2752	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2753	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2754	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1912]	2755
[1819]	2756	ELSE
	2757
[2669]	2758	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
	2759	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
	2760	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
	2761	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
[1819]	2762	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
[4411]	2763	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) time_since_reference_point, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2764	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2765	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2766	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2767	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2768	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2769	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2770	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1819]	2771	ENDIF
	2772	ENDIF
	2773
[1912]	2774	!-- Set open flag
[1819]	2775	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
[1864]	2776	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2777
[4411]	2778
	2779
	2780	ENDIF
[1819]	2781
[4411]	2782
[1864]	2783	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
[1819]	2784
[1912]	2785	!
	2786	!-- Formats
[1819]	2787	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
	2788	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
[4326]	2789	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed GenTorque AeroTorque ', &
	2790	'Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) RotThrust WDirection ', &
	2791	'YawOrient')
[1819]	2792
[4326]	2793	106 FORMAT (F9.2,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F12.1,3X,F12.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F12.1,2X, &
	2794	F12.1,1X,F12.1,4X,F7.2,4X,F7.2)
[1819]	2795
[4411]	2796
	2797
[1819]	2798	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	2799
	2800
[1839]	2801	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2802	! Description:
	2803	! ------------
	2804	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
	2805	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2806	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2807
[1819]	2808	USE kinds
[1839]	2809
	2810	IMPLICIT NONE
[1819]	2811
	2812	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2813	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
	2814	REAL(wp) :: missal
	2815
	2816	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
	2817
	2818	!
[1864]	2819	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
	2820	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
[3593]	2821	!-- 5 degrees, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
	2822	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5 degrees.
[1864]	2823	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
	2824	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
	2825	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
	2826	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
	2827	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
	2828	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
	2829	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
	2830	!
	2831	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
[1819]	2832	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
[1843]	2833	!
[1864]	2834	!-- Write current wind direction into array
[1843]	2835	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
	2836	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
[1819]	2837	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2838	!
[1864]	2839	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
[1819]	2840	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
	2841
	2842	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
	2843	!
[1864]	2844	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
[1843]	2845	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
	2846	!
[1864]	2847	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
[1843]	2848	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
[1819]	2849	!
[1864]	2850	!-- Start yawing of turbine
[1843]	2851	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2852	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
[1864]	2853	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2854	ENDIF
	2855	ENDIF
	2856
	2857	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
	2858
	2859	!
[1864]	2860	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
	2861	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
	2862	!-- than min_miss
[1819]	2863
	2864	ELSE
	2865	!
	2866	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
	2867	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
[1864]	2868	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
[1819]	2869	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2870	!
[1864]	2871	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
	2872	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
	2873	!
	2874	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
[1819]	2875	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
[1864]	2876	!
	2877	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
	2878	!-- yaw direction is still right
	2879	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
	2880	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
	2881	!
	2882	!-- Continue yawing
	2883	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2884	ELSE
[1864]	2885	!
	2886	!-- Stop yawing
[1819]	2887	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
[1864]	2888	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2889	ENDIF
	2890	ELSE
[1864]	2891	!
	2892	!-- Continue yawing
[1843]	2893	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2894	ENDIF
	2895
	2896	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
	2897
	2898	ENDIF
	2899
[1839]	2900	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
[1819]	2901
[1864]	2902
[1819]	2903	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2904	! Description:
	2905	! ------------
[1864]	2906	!> Initialization of the speed control
	2907	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2908	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2909
	2910
	2911	IMPLICIT NONE
	2912
	2913	!
	2914	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
	2915	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
	2916	!
	2917	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
	2918	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
	2919	!
	2920	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
	2921	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
	2922	!
	2923	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
	2924	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
	2925	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
	2926	!
	2927	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
	2928	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
	2929	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
[2410]	2930	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
[1864]	2931	!
	2932	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
	2933	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
	2934	!
	2935	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
	2936	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
[2563]	2937	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	2938	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
	2939	ENDIF
[1864]	2940
	2941	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2942
	2943
	2944	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2945	! Description:
	2946	! ------------
	2947	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
	2948	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2949	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2950
	2951
	2952	IMPLICIT NONE
	2953
[1912]	2954	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2955
	2956
[1864]	2957
	2958	!
	2959	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
	2960	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
	2961	!-- offshore system developement"
	2962
	2963	!
	2964	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
	2965	!-- for the control of the generator torque
	2966	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
[1912]	2967	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
[1864]	2968	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
	2969
	2970	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
	2971	!
	2972	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
	2973	torque_gen(inot) = 0
	2974
	2975	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
	2976	!
	2977	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
	2978	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
	2979
	2980	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
	2981	!
	2982	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
	2983	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
	2984	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
	2985
	2986	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
	2987	!
	2988	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
	2989	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
	2990
	2991	ELSE
	2992	!
	2993	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
	2994	!-- keep the power constant:
	2995	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
	2996
	2997	ENDIF
	2998	!
	2999	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
	3000	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
	3001	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
	3002	!
	3003	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
	3004	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
	3005	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
	3006	!
	3007	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
[1912]	3008	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
[1864]	3009
	3010
	3011	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
	3012
	3013
	3014	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	3015	! Description:
	3016	! ------------
[1839]	3017	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	3018	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	3019	!> Call for all grid points
[1819]	3020	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[3875]	3021	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions( location )
[1819]	3022
	3023
[3875]	3024	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
	3025
[1839]	3026	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	3027	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	3028	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	3029
	3030
[3875]	3031	SELECT CASE ( location )
[1819]	3032
[3875]	3033	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
	3034
	3035	CALL wtm_forces
	3036
	3037	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
[1819]	3038	!
	3039	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[4411]	3040	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	3041	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	3042	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	3043	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	3044	!
[1864]	3045	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	3046	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[2553]	3047	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	3048	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	3049	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2553]	3050
[2232]	3051	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	3052	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	3053	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	3054	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	3055	ENDDO
	3056	ENDDO
	3057	ENDDO
	3058	ENDIF
	3059
[3875]	3060	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
[1819]	3061	!
	3062	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[4411]	3063	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	3064	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	3065	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	3066	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	3067	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	3068	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	3069	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	3070	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	3071	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	3072	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	3073	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	3074	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[1819]	3075	ENDDO
	3076	ENDDO
	3077	ENDDO
	3078	ENDIF
	3079
[3875]	3080	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
[1819]	3081	!
	3082	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[4411]	3083	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	3084	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	3085	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	3086	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	3087	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	3088	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	3089	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	3090	ENDDO
	3091	ENDDO
	3092	ENDDO
	3093	ENDIF
	3094
	3095
	3096	CASE DEFAULT
[4056]	3097	CONTINUE
[1819]	3098
	3099	END SELECT
	3100
	3101
[3875]	3102	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions
[1819]	3103
	3104
	3105	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	3106	! Description:
	3107	! ------------
[1839]	3108	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	3109	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	3110	!> Call for grid point i,j
[1819]	3111	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[3875]	3112	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij( i, j, location )
[1819]	3113
	3114
[3875]	3115	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
[1839]	3116	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	3117	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	3118	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	3119
[3875]	3120	SELECT CASE ( location )
[1819]	3121
[3875]	3122	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
	3123
	3124	CALL wtm_forces
	3125
	3126	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
[1819]	3127	!
	3128	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[4411]	3129	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	3130	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	3131	!
[1839]	3132	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	3133	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	3134	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	3135	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	3136	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2232]	3137	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	3138	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	3139	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	3140	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	3141	ENDDO
	3142	ENDIF
	3143
[3875]	3144	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
[1819]	3145	!
	3146	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[4411]	3147	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	3148	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	3149	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	3150	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	3151	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	3152	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	3153	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	3154	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	3155	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	3156	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[2553]	3157	ENDDO
[1819]	3158	ENDIF
	3159
[3875]	3160	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
[1819]	3161	!
	3162	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[4411]	3163	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	3164	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	3165	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	3166	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	3167	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	3168	ENDDO
	3169	ENDIF
	3170
	3171
	3172	CASE DEFAULT
[4056]	3173	CONTINUE
[1819]	3174
	3175	END SELECT
	3176
	3177
[3875]	3178	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij
[1819]	3179
[4411]	3180
	3181	SUBROUTINE wtm_data_output
	3182
	3183
[4423]	3184	INTEGER(iwp) :: t_ind = 0 !< time index
[4411]	3185
	3186	INTEGER(iwp) :: return_value !< returned status value of called function
	3187
[4423]	3188	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	3189
[4411]	3190	!
[4423]	3191	!-- At the first call of this routine write the spatial coordinates.
	3192	IF ( .NOT. initial_write_coordinates ) THEN
	3193	ALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target(1:nturbines) )
	3194	output_values_1d_target = rcx(1:nturbines)
	3195	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
	3196	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3197	'x', &
	3198	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3199	bounds_start = (/1/), &
	3200	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
[4411]	3201
[4423]	3202	output_values_1d_target = rcy(1:nturbines)
	3203	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
	3204	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3205	'y', &
	3206	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3207	bounds_start = (/1/), &
	3208	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
[4411]	3209
[4423]	3210	output_values_1d_target = rcz(1:nturbines)
	3211	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
	3212	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3213	'z', &
	3214	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3215	bounds_start = (/1/), &
	3216	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
[4411]	3217
[4423]	3218	initial_write_coordinates = .TRUE.
	3219	DEALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target )
	3220	ENDIF
[4411]	3221
[4423]	3222	t_ind = t_ind + 1
[4411]	3223
[4423]	3224	ALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target(1:nturbines) )
	3225	output_values_1d_target = omega_rot(:)
	3226	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3227
[4423]	3228	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3229	'rotor_speed', &
	3230	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3231	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3232	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3233
[4423]	3234	output_values_1d_target = omega_gen(:)
	3235	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
	3236	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3237	'generator_speed', &
	3238	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3239	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3240	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3241
[4423]	3242	output_values_1d_target = torque_gen_old(:)
	3243	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3244
[4423]	3245	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3246	'generator_torque', &
	3247	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3248	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3249	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3250
[4423]	3251	output_values_1d_target = torque_total(:)
	3252	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3253
[4423]	3254	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3255	'rotor_torque', &
	3256	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3257	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3258	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3259
[4423]	3260	output_values_1d_target = pitch_add(:)
	3261	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3262
[4423]	3263	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3264	'pitch_angle', &
	3265	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3266	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3267	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3268
[4423]	3269	output_values_1d_target = torque_gen_old(:)omega_gen(:)gen_eff
	3270	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3271
[4423]	3272	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3273	'generator_power', &
	3274	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3275	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3276	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3277
[4423]	3278	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	3279	output_values_1d_target(inot) = torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens
	3280	ENDDO
	3281	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3282
[4423]	3283	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3284	'rotor_power', &
	3285	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3286	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3287	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3288
[4423]	3289	output_values_1d_target = thrust_rotor(:)
	3290	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3291
[4423]	3292	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3293	'rotor_thrust', &
	3294	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3295	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3296	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3297
[4423]	3298	output_values_1d_target = wdir(:)*180.0_wp/pi
	3299	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3300
[4423]	3301	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3302	'wind_direction', &
	3303	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3304	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3305	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3306
[4423]	3307	output_values_1d_target = (phi_yaw(:))*180.0_wp/pi
	3308	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3309
[4423]	3310	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3311	'yaw_angle', &
	3312	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3313	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3314	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3315
[4423]	3316	output_values_0d_target = time_since_reference_point
	3317	output_values_0d_pointer => output_values_0d_target
[4411]	3318
[4423]	3319	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3320	'time', &
	3321	values_realwp_0d = output_values_0d_pointer, &
	3322	bounds_start = (/t_ind/), &
[4411]	3323	bounds_end = (/t_ind/) )
	3324
[4423]	3325	DEALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target )
[4411]	3326
[4423]	3327	ENDIF
[4411]	3328
	3329	END SUBROUTINE wtm_data_output
	3330
[1819]	3331	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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