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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 4147

Last change on this file since 4147 was 4144, checked in by raasch, 5 years ago
relational operators .EQ., .NE., etc. replaced by ==, /=, etc.
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 122.1 KB

Rev	Line
[1820]	1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
[1912]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1819]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1819]	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[3885]	17	! Copyright 2009-2019 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
[3655]	18	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1912]	19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	20	!
	21	! Current revisions:
	22	! -----------------
[1913]	23	!
[3139]	24	!
[1913]	25	! Former revisions:
	26	! -----------------
	27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 4144 2019-08-06 09:11:47Z gronemeier $
[4144]	28	! relational operators .EQ., .NE., etc. replaced by ==, /=, etc.
	29	!
	30	! 4056 2019-06-27 13:53:16Z Giersch
[4056]	31	! CASE DEFAULT action in wtm_actions needs to be CONTINUE. Otherwise an abort
	32	! will happen for location values that are not implemented as CASE statements
	33	! but are already realized in the code (e.g. pt-tendency)
	34	!
	35	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
[3885]	36	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
	37	! of additional debug messages
	38	!
	39	! 3875 2019-04-08 17:35:12Z knoop
[3875]	40	! Addaped wtm_tendency to fit the module actions interface
	41	!
	42	! 3832 2019-03-28 13:16:58Z raasch
[3832]	43	! instrumented with openmp directives
	44	!
	45	! 3725 2019-02-07 10:11:02Z raasch
[3725]	46	! unused variables removed
	47	!
	48	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
[3685]	49	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
	50	!
	51	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
[3593]	52	! Replace degree symbol by 'degrees'
	53	!
	54	! 3274 2018-09-24 15:42:55Z knoop
[3274]	55	! Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components
	56	!
	57	! 3248 2018-09-14 09:42:06Z sward
[3248]	58	! Minor formating changes
	59	!
	60	! 3246 2018-09-13 15:14:50Z sward
[3246]	61	! Added error handling for input namelist via parin_fail_message
	62	!
	63	! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch
[3241]	64	! unused variables removed
	65	!
	66	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
[3174]	67	! Check for vertical stretching has been revised.
	68	!
	69	! 3139 2018-07-17 11:30:10Z Giersch
[3139]	70	! Bugfix in calculation of alpha_attack
	71	!
	72	! 3069 2018-06-15 07:56:09Z witha
[3069]	73	! Initialization of some arrays added
	74	!
	75	! 3066 2018-06-12 08:55:55Z Giersch
[3066]	76	! Error message revised
[3069]	77	!
[3066]	78	! 3065 2018-06-12 07:03:02Z Giersch
[3065]	79	! dz was replaced by dz(1), error message concerning grid stretching has been
	80	! introduced
	81	!
	82	! 3049 2018-05-29 13:52:36Z Giersch
[3049]	83	! Error messages revised
	84	!
	85	! 2932 2018-03-26 09:39:22Z Giersch
[2932]	86	! renamed wind_turbine_par to wind_turbine_parameters
	87	!
	88	! 2894 2018-03-15 09:17:58Z Giersch
[2894]	89	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was
	90	! found, reading of restart strings has been moved completely to
	91	! read_restart_data_mod, wind_turbine_prerun flag has been removed, redundant
	92	! skipping function has been removed, wtm_read/write_restart_data have been
	93	! renamed to wtm_r/wrd_global, wtm_rrd_global is called in
	94	! read_restart_data_mod now, marker * end wtm * was removed, strings and
	95	! their respective lengths are written out and read now in case of restart
	96	! runs to get rid of prescribed character lengths, CASE DEFAULT was added if
	97	! restart data is read
	98	!
	99	! 2885 2018-03-14 11:02:46Z Giersch
[2836]	100	! Bugfix in interpolation of lift and drag coefficients on fine grid of radius
	101	! segments and angles of attack, speed-up of the initialization of the wind
	102	! turbine model
	103	!
	104	! 2792 2018-02-07 06:45:29Z Giersch
[2792]	105	! omega_rot_l has to be calculated after determining the indices for the hub in
	106	! case of restart runs
	107	!
	108	! 2776 2018-01-31 10:44:42Z Giersch
[2776]	109	! wind_turbine_prerun flag is used to define if module
	110	! related parameters were outputted as restart data
	111	!
	112	! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga
[2716]	113	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	114	!
	115	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	116	! Change in file header (GPL part)
	117	!
	118	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
[2669]	119	! filename of turbine output changed to WTM_OUTPUT_DATA. File extension now
	120	! includes the nest domain number. Turbine extension changed to "_T##"
	121	!
	122	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
[2894]	123	! Definition of a new function called wtm_skip_global to skip module
[2576]	124	! parameters during reading restart data
	125	!
	126	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
[2563]	127	! Restart runs with wind turbine model are possible now. For this purpose, two
	128	! new subroutines wtm_write_restart_data and wtm_read_restart_data had to be
	129	! defined
	130	!
	131	! 2553 2017-10-18 08:03:45Z Giersch
[2553]	132	! Bugfix of vertical loop in wtm_tendencies to account for different turbine
	133	! heights, bugfix of the interpolation of the u-component concerning the
	134	! vertical index and further small adjustments of the programming style
	135	!
	136	! 2410 2017-09-06 08:16:30Z Giersch
[2410]	137	! Revise error message PA0462
	138	!
	139	! 2349 2017-08-10 15:44:04Z Giersch
[2349]	140	! Add parameter pitch_rate to namelist and revise/add error messages
	141	!
	142	! 2343 2017-08-08 11:28:43Z Giersch
[2341]	143	! Unit correction in Doxygen comments
[2323]	144	!
[2343]	145	! 2323 2017-07-26 12:57:38Z Giersch
	146	! Change unit number of file WTM_DATA from 201 to 90
	147	!
[2323]	148	! 2322 2017-07-26 08:30:28Z Giersch
[2322]	149	! Bugfix of error message and assign error numbers
	150	!
	151	! 2257 2017-06-07 14:07:05Z witha
[2257]	152	! Bugfix: turb_cl_tab and turb_cd_tab were set to zero before being allocated
[1844]	153	!
[2257]	154	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
	155	!
[2233]	156	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
	157	! Adjustments to new topography concept
	158	!
[2153]	159	! 2152 2017-02-17 13:27:24Z lvollmer
	160	! Bugfix in subroutine wtm_read_blade_tables
	161	! Addition of a tip loss model
	162	!
[2016]	163	! 2015 2016-09-28 08:45:18Z lvollmer
	164	! Bugfix of pitch control
	165	!
[2001]	166	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
	167	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
	168	!
[1930]	169	! 1929 2016-06-09 16:25:25Z suehring
	170	! Bugfix: added preprocessor directives for parallel and serial mode
	171	!
[1917]	172	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
[1821]	173	! Initial revision
	174	!
[1819]	175	!
	176	! Description:
	177	! ------------
	178	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
	179	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
	180	!> (ADM-R).
	181	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
	182	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
	183	!> yaw.
	184	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
	185	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
	186	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
	187	!> automatically).
	188	!>
[3065]	189	!> @todo Replace dz(1) appropriatly to account for grid stretching
[1819]	190	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
	191	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
	192	!> @todo Generate header information
[1917]	193	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
[1819]	194	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
	195	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
	196	!> @todo Include additional output variables
[1864]	197	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
	198	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
	199	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
[1819]	200	!
	201	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	202	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
	203
	204	USE arrays_3d, &
[2553]	205	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
[1819]	206
[3274]	207	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
[2553]	208	ONLY: pi
[1819]	209
	210	USE control_parameters, &
[3885]	211	ONLY: coupling_char, &
	212	debug_output, &
	213	dt_3d, dz, message_string, simulated_time, &
[2894]	214	wind_turbine, initializing_actions
[1819]	215
	216	USE cpulog, &
	217	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
	218
	219	USE grid_variables, &
	220	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
	221
	222	USE indices, &
	223	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
[2232]	224	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_0
[1819]	225
	226	USE kinds
	227
	228	USE pegrid
	229
	230
	231	IMPLICIT NONE
	232
[1864]	233	PRIVATE
[1819]	234
	235	!
	236	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
	237
[1864]	238	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
[1839]	239	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
[1819]	240
[1839]	241	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
	242	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
	243	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
[2152]	244	LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
[1819]	245
[1839]	246	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	247	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	248	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	249	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	250	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
	251	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
[1819]	252
[1912]	253	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
[2553]	254	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
[1912]	255	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
	256	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
	257	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
	258	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
	259	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
	260	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
	261	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
[3725]	262	! REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
[1912]	263	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
[1839]	264
[1819]	265	!
	266	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
	267	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
	268
[1912]	269	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
[1839]	270	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
[2341]	271	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
	272	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
[1839]	273	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
	274	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
	275	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
	276	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
[1912]	277	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
[1839]	278	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
	279	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
	280	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
[1912]	281	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
	282	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
[1839]	283
[1912]	284
[1819]	285	!
	286	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
	287
[1839]	288	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
	289	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
	290	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
	291
[1819]	292	!
	293	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
	294	TYPE file_status
	295	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
	296	END TYPE file_status
	297
[1912]	298	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
	299	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
[1819]	300
	301	!
	302	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
	303
[1839]	304	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	305	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	306	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	307	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
	308	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
[1819]	309
[1839]	310	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
[1819]	311
[1912]	312	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
	313	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
	314	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
	315	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
	316	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
	317	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
	318	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
	319	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
[1819]	320
[1912]	321	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
[1819]	322
[1912]	323	!
	324	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
[1864]	325	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
	326	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
[1912]	327	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
[1864]	328	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
[1839]	329	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
	330	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
[1819]	331
[1839]	332	!
	333	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
[1912]	334	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
	335	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
	336	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
	337	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
[1864]	338
[1912]	339	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
	340	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
[1819]	341
[1912]	342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
	343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
[1819]	344
[1912]	345	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
	346	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
[1819]	347
	348	!
	349	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
[1912]	350
[1839]	351	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
	352	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
	353	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
	354	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
	355	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
	356	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
	357	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
	358	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
	359	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
	360	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
	361	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
[3832]	362	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (cur_r, phi_rotor, pre_factor, torque_seg, u_int_l, u_int_u, u_rot, &
	363	!$OMP& v_int_l, v_int_u, w_int_l, w_int_u)
[1912]	364	!
	365	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
	366	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
	367	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
	368	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
	369	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
[3832]	370	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (tend_nac_x, tend_tow_x, tend_nac_y, tend_tow_y)
[1819]	371
[1912]	372	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
	373	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
	374	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
	375	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
	376	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
	377	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
	378	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
	379	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
	380	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
	381
	382	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
	383	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
	384
	385	!
	386	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
	387	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
	388	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
	389	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
	390	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
	391	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
	392	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
	393
	394	!
	395	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
	396	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
	397	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
	398	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
	399
	400	!
	401	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
	402	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
	403	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
	404	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
	405
	406	!
	407	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
	408	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
	409	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
	410	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
	411
	412	!
	413	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
	414	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
	415	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
	416	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
	417	!
	418	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
	419	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
	420
[1839]	421	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
	422	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
	423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
	424	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
	425	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
	426	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
	427	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
	428	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
	429	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
[1819]	430
[1839]	431	!
	432	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
[1819]	433
[1912]	434	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
[1864]	435
[1912]	436	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
	437	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
	438	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
	439	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
	440	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
	441	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
	442	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
	443	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
[1819]	444
[1864]	445	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
[2563]	446
[1839]	447	!
	448	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
[1819]	449
[1912]	450	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
	451	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
	452	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
	453	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
	454	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
	455	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
	456	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
	457	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
	458	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
	459	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
	460	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
	461	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
	462	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
[1819]	463
[2563]	464	!
	465	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
	466	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
	467	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
	468	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
	469	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
	470	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
	471	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
	472	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
[1819]	473
[2563]	474
[1839]	475	SAVE
[1819]	476
[1839]	477
	478	INTERFACE wtm_parin
	479	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
	480	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
[2563]	481
[1912]	482	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
	483	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
	484	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
[3875]	485
[1839]	486	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	487	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
	488	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	489
	490	INTERFACE wtm_init
	491	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
	492	END INTERFACE wtm_init
[2553]	493
[3875]	494	INTERFACE wtm_actions
	495	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions
	496	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions_ij
	497	END INTERFACE wtm_actions
[1819]	498
[3875]	499	INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
	500	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rrd_global
	501	END INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
[1819]	502
[3875]	503	INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
	504	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_wrd_global
	505	END INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
[2563]	506
[3875]	507
	508	PUBLIC &
	509	wtm_parin, &
	510	wtm_check_parameters, &
	511	wtm_init_arrays, &
	512	wtm_init, &
	513	wtm_actions, &
	514	wtm_rrd_global, &
	515	wtm_wrd_global
	516
	517
[1819]	518	CONTAINS
	519
	520
	521	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	522	! Description:
	523	! ------------
[1839]	524	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
[1819]	525	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	526	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
[1819]	527
	528
	529	IMPLICIT NONE
[1912]	530
[1839]	531	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	532
	533	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_par/ air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
[1864]	534	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
[1839]	535	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
[1864]	536	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
[1912]	537	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
[1839]	538	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	539	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
[1864]	540	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[3725]	541	turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2152]	542	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[3725]	543	! , turb_cd_nacelle
[2932]	544
	545	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_parameters/ &
	546	air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
	547	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
	548	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
	549	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
	550	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
	551	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	552	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
	553	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[3725]	554	turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2932]	555	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[3725]	556	! , turb_cd_nacelle
[1819]	557	!
[1839]	558	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
	559	REWIND ( 11 )
	560	line = ' '
[3248]	561	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_parameters' ) == 0 )
[3246]	562	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
[1839]	563	ENDDO
	564	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	565
	566	!
	567	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	568	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_parameters, ERR = 10 )
[2932]	569	!
	570	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	571	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	572
[3246]	573	GOTO 14
[2932]	574
[3246]	575	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	576	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	577	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_parameters', line )
[3246]	578
[2932]	579	!
	580	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
[3246]	581	12 REWIND ( 11 )
[2932]	582	line = ' '
[3248]	583	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_par' ) == 0 )
[3246]	584	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=14 ) line
[2932]	585	ENDDO
	586	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	587
	588	!
	589	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	590	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_par, ERR = 13, END = 14 )
[2932]	591
	592	message_string = 'namelist wind_tubrine_par is deprecated and will ' // &
[3046]	593	'be removed in near future. &Please use namelist ' // &
[2932]	594	'wind_turbine_parameters instead'
	595	CALL message( 'wtm_parin', 'PA0487', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
	596
[1839]	597	!
	598	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	599	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	600
[3246]	601	GOTO 14
[2563]	602
[3246]	603	13 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	604	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	605	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_par', line )
[1839]	606
[3246]	607	14 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
	608
	609
[1839]	610	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
	611
[2563]	612
	613	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	614	! Description:
	615	! ------------
[2894]	616	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
[2576]	617	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	618	SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2576]	619
	620
[2563]	621	IMPLICIT NONE
[2776]	622
[2563]	623
[2894]	624	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen' )
[2563]	625	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen
[2894]	626
	627	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f' )
[2563]	628	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f
[2894]	629
	630	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
[2563]	631	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old
[2894]	632
	633	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_old' )
[2563]	634	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old
[2894]	635
	636	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_rot' )
[2563]	637	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot
[2894]	638
	639	CALL wrd_write_string( 'phi_yaw' )
	640	WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw
	641
	642	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add' )
[2563]	643	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add
[2894]	644
	645	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add_old' )
[2563]	646	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old
[2894]	647
	648	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen' )
[2563]	649	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
[2894]	650
	651	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen_old' )
[2563]	652	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
[2894]	653
[2563]	654
[2894]	655	END SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2563]	656
	657
	658	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	659	! Description:
	660	! ------------
	661	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
	662	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	663	SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global( found )
[2563]	664
	665
[2894]	666	USE control_parameters, &
	667	ONLY: length, restart_string
	668
	669
[2563]	670	IMPLICIT NONE
	671
[2894]	672	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
[2563]	673
	674
[2894]	675	found = .TRUE.
[2563]	676
	677
[2894]	678	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
[2563]	679
[2894]	680	CASE ( 'omega_gen' )
	681	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen
	682	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' )
	683	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f
	684	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
	685	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old
	686	CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' )
	687	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old
	688	CASE ( 'omega_rot' )
	689	READ ( 13 ) omega_rot
	690	CASE ( 'phi_yaw' )
	691	READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw
	692	CASE ( 'pitch_add' )
	693	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add
	694	CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' )
	695	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old
	696	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
	697	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
	698	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
	699	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
[2563]	700
[2894]	701	CASE DEFAULT
[2563]	702
[2894]	703	found = .FALSE.
[2563]	704
[2894]	705	END SELECT
	706
[2563]	707
[2894]	708	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global
	709
	710
[2563]	711	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	712	! Description:
	713	! ------------
	714	!> Check namelist parameter
	715	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	716	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	717
	718
	719	IMPLICIT NONE
	720
	721	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
	722	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
	723	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
[2322]	724	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	725	ENDIF
	726
[2322]	727	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
	728	message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
[2792]	729	'a value equal or larger than zero'
[2322]	730	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	731	ENDIF
	732
	733
	734	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	735	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	736	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
	737
	738	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
	739	'have to be given for each turbine.'
[2322]	740	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	741
	742	ENDIF
	743
	744
	745	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	746
	747
[1839]	748	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	749	! Description:
	750	! ------------
	751	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
	752	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	753	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
	754
	755
	756	IMPLICIT NONE
	757
[1864]	758	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
	759	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
	760
[1839]	761	!
	762	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
[1819]	763	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
	764
	765	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
	766	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
	767
	768	nrings(:) = 0
	769	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
	770
	771	!
	772	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
	773	delta_r_factor = segment_width
	774	delta_t_factor = segment_length
[3065]	775	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz(1))
[1819]	776
	777	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	778	!
	779	!-- Determine number of rings:
	780	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
	781
	782	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
	783
	784	ENDDO
	785
	786	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
	787
	788	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
	789	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
	790
	791	nsegs(:,:) = 0
	792	nsegs_total(:) = 0
	793
	794
	795	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	796	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	797	!
	798	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
[1839]	799	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
	800	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
	801	delta_t_factor ) )
[1819]	802	ENDDO
	803	!
	804	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
[1839]	805	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
[1819]	806
	807	ENDDO
	808
	809	!
	810	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
	811	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
	812
[1864]	813	!!
	814	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
	815	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	816	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
	817	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	818	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
	819	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	820	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
	821	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
	822	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
	823	! ENDIF
[1819]	824
	825
	826	!
	827	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
	828	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
	829	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
	830	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
	831	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
	832	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
	833	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
	834	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
[1912]	835	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	836
	837	!
	838	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
	839	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
	840	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
	841	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
	842	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
	843	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
	844	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
	845
	846	!
	847	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	848	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
	849	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
	850	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
	851	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
	852	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
	853	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
[1839]	854	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
	855	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
[1819]	856	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
	857	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
	858
	859	!
	860	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
	861	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	862	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	863	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	864	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	865	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	866	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	867
	868	!
	869	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
	870	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	871	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	872	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	873
	874	!
	875	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
[1912]	876	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	877	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	878	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	879	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	880	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	881	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	882	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1912]	883	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	884
	885	!
	886	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
	887	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	888	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	889	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	890	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	891	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	892	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	893
	894	!
	895	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
	896	i_hub(:) = 0
	897	i_smear(:) = 0
	898	j_hub(:) = 0
	899	j_smear(:) = 0
	900	k_hub(:) = 0
	901	k_smear(:) = 0
[1912]	902
[1819]	903	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	904	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	905
[2563]	906	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	907	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	908	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	909	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
	910	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	911	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	912	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	913	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	914	ENDIF
	915
[1819]	916	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	917	wdir_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	918	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	919	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	920	u_inflow_l(:) = 0.0_wp
	921	phi_yaw_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	922
	923	!
	924	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	925	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
	926	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
	927	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
	928	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	929	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	930	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	931	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
	932	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	933	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
	934	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
	935
	936	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	937	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	938	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	939	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	940	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	941	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	942
	943	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	944	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	945	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	946
[1912]	947	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	948	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	949	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	950	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	951	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	952	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	953	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	954	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	955
	956	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	957	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	958	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	959	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	960	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	961	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	962
	963
[1839]	964	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
[1819]	965
	966
	967	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	968	! Description:
	969	! ------------
[1839]	970	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
[1819]	971	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	972	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
[1819]	973
[1839]	974
[3065]	975	USE control_parameters, &
	976	ONLY: dz_stretch_level_start
	977
[1819]	978	IMPLICIT NONE
	979
	980	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	981	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	982	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1864]	983
[1819]	984	!
[1864]	985	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
	986	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
	987
[1839]	988	!
[1864]	989	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
	990	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
	991	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
	992
	993	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
	994
	995	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
	996	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
	997	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
	998	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
	999
[3885]	1000	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'start' )
[3685]	1001
[1864]	1002	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
	1003	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
	1004	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
	1005	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	1006
[1839]	1007	!
[1819]	1008	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1009	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
	1010	!-- (smearing of the forces)
[1819]	1011	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1012	!
[1839]	1013	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
	1014	!-- be calculated:
[1819]	1015
[1839]	1016	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
	1017	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
[1819]	1018	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
	1019	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
	1020	!
[1839]	1021	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
	1022	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
	1023	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
	1024	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
	1025	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
[1819]	1026	!
[3065]	1027	!-- Stretching (non-uniform grid spacing) is not considered in the wind
	1028	!-- turbine model. Therefore, vertical stretching has to be applied above
	1029	!-- the area where the wtm is active. ABS (...) is required because the
	1030	!-- default value of dz_stretch_level_start is -9999999.9_wp (negative).
[3174]	1031	IF ( ABS( dz_stretch_level_start(1) ) <= MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) + &
	1032	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + &
	1033	eps_min) THEN
[3065]	1034	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'The lowest level where vertical ', &
	1035	'stretching is applied &have to be ', &
[3174]	1036	'greater than ',MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) +&
	1037	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + eps_min
[3066]	1038	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0484', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[3065]	1039	ENDIF
	1040	!
[1819]	1041	!-- Square of eps_min:
	1042	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
	1043	!
	1044	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
[1864]	1045	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
	1046	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
[1819]	1047	!
[1839]	1048	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
	1049	!-- function:
	1050	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
	1051
[1864]	1052	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
	1053	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
	1054
[1819]	1055	!
[1864]	1056	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
[2563]	1057	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1058	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
	1059	ENDIF
[1819]	1060
[1864]	1061
[1819]	1062	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1063	!
[1864]	1064	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
	1065	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1066
	1067	!
	1068	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
	1069	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
	1070	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
[3065]	1071	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) )
[1819]	1072
	1073	!
	1074	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
[1839]	1075	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
	1076	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
	1077	!-- function of eps_min:
[1819]	1078	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
	1079	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
[3065]	1080	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz(1) )
[1864]	1081
[1819]	1082	ENDDO
	1083
	1084	!
[2792]	1085	!-- Call the wtm_init_speed_control subroutine and calculate the local
	1086	!-- omega_rot for the respective processor.
	1087	IF ( speed_control) THEN
	1088
[3875]	1089	CALL wtm_init_speed_control
[2792]	1090
	1091	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1092
	1093	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1094
	1095	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1096	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1097	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1098	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1099	ENDIF
	1100
	1101	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1102	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1103	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1104	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1105	ENDIF
	1106
	1107	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1108	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1109	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1110	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1111	ENDIF
	1112
	1113	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1114	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1115	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1116	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1117	ENDIF
	1118
	1119	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1120	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1121
	1122	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
	1123
	1124	ENDIF
	1125	ENDIF
	1126
	1127	END DO
	1128
	1129	ENDIF
	1130
	1131	ENDIF
	1132
	1133	!
[1819]	1134	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1135	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
	1136	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
[1819]	1137	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1138	!
	1139	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
	1140	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
	1141
	1142	!
	1143	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
	1144	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
	1145	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
	1146
	1147	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
[1839]	1148
	1149	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1150
[1839]	1151
	1152	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
[1819]	1153	!
[1839]	1154	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
	1155	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
	1156	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
[1819]	1157	i = i_hub(inot)
	1158
	1159	!
[1839]	1160	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1161	!-- grid point indices):
[1819]	1162	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1163	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1164	!
[1839]	1165	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1166	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
	1167	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
	1168	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
	1169	!-- in grid box 1.
[3065]	1170	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
	1171	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
[1819]	1172
	1173	!
	1174	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
[1864]	1175	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
[1819]	1176	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1177	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1178
	1179	!
	1180	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
[1864]	1181	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
[1839]	1182	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1819]	1183
	1184	DO j = nys, nyn
	1185	!
[1839]	1186	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
	1187	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
	1188
[1819]	1189	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1190
	1191	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1192	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
[1839]	1193	!
[1819]	1194	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1195	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	1196	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1197	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1198	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1199	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1200	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1201	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	1202	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1203	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1204	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1205	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1206	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1207	!
	1208	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1209	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1210	ELSE
[1912]	1211	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1212	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*&
[1912]	1213	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1214	ENDIF
	1215	!
	1216	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1217	ELSE
[3065]	1218	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - ( k_hub(inot) * &
	1219	dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) ) * &
[1912]	1220	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1221	ENDIF
[1839]	1222	!
	1223	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
	1224	!-- are carried out:
[1819]	1225	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1226
[1839]	1227	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
	1228	!
[1819]	1229	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1230	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[3065]	1231	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1232	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1233	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
[1912]	1234	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1235	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[3065]	1236	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1237	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1238	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
[1912]	1239	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1240	!
	1241	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1242	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1243	ELSE
[3065]	1244	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dy * &
	1245	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1246	ENDIF
[1839]	1247	!
[1819]	1248	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1249	ELSE
[3065]	1250	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dtow(inot) * &
[1912]	1251	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1252	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
	1253
	1254	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
	1255
	1256	ENDDO ! end loop over k
	1257
	1258	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
	1259
	1260	ENDDO ! end loop over j
	1261
	1262	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
[1819]	1263
[1839]	1264
[1912]	1265	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
[1819]	1266
[1839]	1267	!
[1864]	1268	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
	1269	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
	1270	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
	1271	!!
	1272	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
	1273	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
	1274	!!-- circle_points in the following):
	1275	!
	1276	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
	1277	!
	1278	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
	1279	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
	1280	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
	1281	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1282	!!
	1283	!!-- bottom intersection point
	1284	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
	1285	!!
	1286	!!-- top intersection point
	1287	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
	1288	! ELSE
	1289	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
	1290	! ENDIF
	1291	! ENDDO
	1292	!
	1293	!
	1294	! DO j = nys, nyn
	1295	!!
	1296	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
	1297	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
	1298	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
[1912]	1299	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1300	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
	1301	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1302	!!
	1303	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
	1304	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
	1305	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
[1912]	1306	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1307	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
	1308	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
	1309	!!
	1310	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
	1311	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
	1312	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
	1313	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
	1314	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
	1315	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
	1316	! dz_int = dz
	1317	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
	1318	!!
	1319	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
	1320	!!-- within the current grid box:
	1321	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1322	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1323	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
	1324	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
	1325	! ENDIF
	1326	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1327	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1328	! dz_int = dz_int - &
	1329	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
	1330	! ENDIF
	1331	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
	1332	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1333	! ENDIF
	1334	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
	1335	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1336	! ENDIF
	1337	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1912]	1338	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
	1339	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
[1864]	1340	! ENDIF
	1341	! ENDDO
	1342	! ENDIF
	1343	! ENDDO
	1344	! ENDIF
[1819]	1345	!
[1864]	1346	! ENDDO
[1819]	1347	!
[1912]	1348	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
[1819]	1349
[1864]	1350	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
[1819]	1351
[3065]	1352	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize tower drag
	1353	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
[1819]	1354
[1912]	1355	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
[3685]	1356
[3885]	1357	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'end' )
[1839]	1358
[1864]	1359	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
	1360
	1361
[1819]	1362	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1864]	1363	! Description:
	1364	! ------------
	1365	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
	1366	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
[1819]	1367	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	1368	!
	1369	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1370
[1839]	1371
[1864]	1372	IMPLICIT NONE
	1373
	1374	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
	1375	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
[1843]	1376
[1864]	1377	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
	1378
	1379	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
[1839]	1380
[1864]	1381	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
	1382	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
	1383	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
	1384	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
	1385	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
	1386	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
	1387	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
	1388	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
	1389	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
	1390	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
[1839]	1391
[1864]	1392	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
	1393	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
	1394	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
[1839]	1395
[1864]	1396	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
	1397	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
[1839]	1398
[1864]	1399	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
	1400	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
	1401	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
	1402	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
	1403	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
[1839]	1404
[1864]	1405	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
	1406	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
	1407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
	1408	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
	1409	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
[1839]	1410
[1864]	1411	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
[1839]	1412
[1864]	1413	!
	1414	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
	1415	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
	1416
[2323]	1417	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1418
	1419	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
	1420	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
[2322]	1421	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1864]	1422	ENDIF
	1423	!
	1424	!-- Read distribution table:
	1425
	1426	dlen = 0
	1427
[2323]	1428	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1429
	1430	rloop3: DO
[2323]	1431	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1432	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
	1433	dlen = dlen + 1
	1434	ENDDO rloop3
	1435
	1436	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
	1437
	1438	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1439	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1440	ENDDO
	1441
	1442	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1443	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
[1864]	1444	ENDDO
	1445
	1446	!
	1447	!-- Read layout table:
	1448
[1839]	1449	dlen = 0
[1864]	1450
[2323]	1451	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
[1864]	1452
[1843]	1453	rloop1: DO
[2323]	1454	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1455	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
	1456	dlen = dlen + 1
[1843]	1457	ENDDO rloop1
[1864]	1458
[1839]	1459	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
[1864]	1460	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
[2323]	1461	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1462	ENDDO
	1463	DO jj = 1, dlen
[2323]	1464	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
[1839]	1465	ENDDO
[1819]	1466
[1864]	1467	!
	1468	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
[1819]	1469
[1864]	1470	dlen = 0
	1471
[2323]	1472	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1473
[1843]	1474	rloop2: DO
[2323]	1475	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1476	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
	1477	dlen = dlen + 1
	1478	ENDDO rloop2
	1479
[1912]	1480	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
[1864]	1481	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
	1482
	1483	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1484	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1485	ENDDO
	1486
[1839]	1487	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1488	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
[1864]	1489	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
	1490	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
	1491	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
	1492	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
[1819]	1493	ENDDO
[1864]	1494
[1839]	1495	ENDDO
[1864]	1496
	1497	dlenbl = dlen
	1498
[2323]	1499	CLOSE ( 90 )
[1819]	1500
[1864]	1501	!
[2836]	1502	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 631 values if rr(1)=63m)
	1503	!-- and each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.1 degrees --> 3601 values!)
[1864]	1504	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
	1505	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
	1506	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
[1839]	1507
[2836]	1508	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1509	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
	1510	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1511	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
[1819]	1512
[1864]	1513	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
	1514	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
[1839]	1515
[2836]	1516	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1517	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
[1864]	1518
[2836]	1519	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
[1864]	1520
[2836]	1521	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
	1522	!
	1523	!-- Find position in table 1
	1524	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
	1525	! lct(1) = lct(1)
[1864]	1526
[4144]	1527	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) > 0.0 ) THEN
[2836]	1528	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
	1529	ENDIF
[1864]	1530
[2836]	1531	trow = lct(1)
	1532	!
	1533	!-- Calculate weights for radius interpolation
	1534	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1535	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1536	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
	1537	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
[1864]	1538
[4144]	1539	IF ( t1 == t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
	1540	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
	1541	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
[2836]	1542	ENDIF
	1543
	1544	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
	1545	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1546	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1547	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1548	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1549
[3593]	1550	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values
[2836]	1551	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! for each radius has to be set
	1552	! explicitly
	1553	ELSE
	1554	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
	1555	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
	1556	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
	1557	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
	1558	!
[3593]	1559	!-- For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values for each radius has to be set
[2836]	1560	!-- explicitly
	1561	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cd_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1562	* turb_cd_table(1,t2) )
	1563	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cl_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1564	* turb_cl_table(1,t2) )
	1565	ENDIF
	1566
	1567	DO iialpha = 2, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
	1568
[1864]	1569	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
	1570	ialpha = 1
[2836]	1571
[2152]	1572	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha <= dlen ) )
[1864]	1573	ialpha = ialpha + 1
	1574	ENDDO
[1819]	1575
[1864]	1576	!
[1912]	1577	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
	1578	!-- segments and angles of attack
[3182]	1579
[1912]	1580	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1581	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1582	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1583	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1584	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1585	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1586	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1587	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1588	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1589	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1590	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1591	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
[1912]	1592	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1593	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1594	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1595	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1596	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1597	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1598	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1599	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1600	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1601	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1602	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1603	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
[2836]	1604
[1912]	1605	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
[2836]	1606
	1607	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
[1819]	1608
[2836]	1609
[1912]	1610	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1611
	1612
[1864]	1613	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1614	! Description:
	1615	! ------------
	1616	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
	1617	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
	1618	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1619	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1620
[1864]	1621
	1622	IMPLICIT NONE
	1623
	1624	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	1625	!
	1626	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
	1627	!-- the rotors
	1628	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
	1629	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
	1630	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
	1631
	1632	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1633	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1634	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1635
	1636	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
	1637	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
	1638	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
[1839]	1639
[1864]	1640	!
	1641	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
	1642	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
[1819]	1643
[1912]	1644	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
[1864]	1645	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1646	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1647	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1648	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1649	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1650	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1651	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1652	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1653	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1654	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1655	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
[1864]	1656	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1657	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1658	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1659	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1660	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1661	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1662	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1663	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1664	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1665	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1666	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
[1864]	1667	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1839]	1668
[1864]	1669	!
	1670	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
	1671	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
	1672	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
	1673	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
	1674	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
	1675
	1676	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
[1839]	1677
	1678
[1819]	1679	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1680	! Description:
	1681	! ------------
[1839]	1682	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
[1819]	1683	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1684	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	1685
[1864]	1686
[1819]	1687	IMPLICIT NONE
	1688
[2669]	1689	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
[1819]	1690
[1839]	1691	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
	1692	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	1693	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
[3241]	1694	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg !<
	1695	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !<
[1839]	1696	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
[1912]	1697
[2232]	1698	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
[1839]	1699	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
	1700	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
[1912]	1701
	1702	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
	1703	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
	1704
	1705	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
	1706
	1707
[1839]	1708	!
[1819]	1709	! Variables for pitch control
[3241]	1710	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1839]	1711
[3241]	1712	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct = 0
	1713	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d = 0.0_wp
[2152]	1714
	1715	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
[1819]	1716
	1717
[1864]	1718	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
[1819]	1719
	1720
	1721	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
	1722
[1864]	1723	!
[1819]	1724	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
	1725	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1726	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1727	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1728	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1729	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1730	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1731	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1732	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1733	!
	1734	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	1735	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1736
	1737	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1738	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1739	!
[1839]	1740	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[3832]	1741
	1742	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, thrust_seg, torque_seg_y, torque_seg_z, sin_rot, &
	1743	!$OMP& cos_rot, re, rbx, rby, rbz, ii, jj, kk, aa, bb, cc, dd, gg)
	1744	!$OMP DO
[1819]	1745	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1746
	1747	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	1748	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	1749	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
	1750	!
	1751	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1752	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
	1753
	1754	!
[1839]	1755	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1756	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1757	!
[1864]	1758	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1759	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
	1760	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1761	!
[1864]	1762	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1763	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1764	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1765	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1766	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
	1767	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
	1768
[1864]	1769	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1770	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1771	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
[1839]	1772	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
[1819]	1773	re(3) = sin_rot
	1774
	1775	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1776	!
	1777	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1778	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1779	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1780	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1781
[1864]	1782	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1783	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
	1784	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
	1785	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
	1786	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1787
	1788	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1789	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1790
	1791	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1792	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1793
	1794	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1795	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1796
	1797	!
	1798	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
	1799
	1800	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
	1801	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	1802	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	1803	!
[1864]	1804	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1805	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1806	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1807	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1808
[1839]	1809	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1810	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1811	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1812	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1813	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1814	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1815	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1816	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1817	gg = dx * dy
	1818
[1864]	1819	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1820	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1821	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1822	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1823	) / gg
	1824
[1864]	1825	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1826	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1827	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1828	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1829	) / gg
	1830
[1864]	1831	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
[3065]	1832	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1833	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
	1834
	1835	ELSE
	1836	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1837	ENDIF
	1838	ELSE
	1839	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1840	ENDIF
	1841
	1842
	1843	!
	1844	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
	1845	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
[1839]	1846	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
[3065]	1847	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	1848	!
[1864]	1849	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1850	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1851	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1852	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1853
[1839]	1854	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1855	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1856	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1857	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1858	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1859	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
	1860	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1861	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
[1819]	1862	gg = dx * dy
	1863
[1864]	1864	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1865	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1866	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1867	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1868	) / gg
	1869
[1864]	1870	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1871	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1872	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1873	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1874	) / gg
	1875
[1864]	1876	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
[3065]	1877	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1878	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
	1879
	1880	ELSE
	1881	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1882	ENDIF
	1883	ELSE
	1884	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1885	ENDIF
	1886
	1887
	1888	!
	1889	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
	1890	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	1891	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	1892	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz(1)
[1819]	1893	!
[1864]	1894	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1895	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1896	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1897	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1898
[1839]	1899	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1900	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1901	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1902	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1903	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1904	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1905	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1906	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1907	gg = dx * dy
	1908
[1864]	1909	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1910	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1911	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1912	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1913	) / gg
	1914
[1864]	1915	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1916	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1917	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1918	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1919	) / gg
	1920
[1864]	1921	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
[3065]	1922	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1923	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
	1924	ELSE
	1925	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1926	ENDIF
	1927	ELSE
	1928	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1929	ENDIF
	1930
	1931	ENDDO
	1932	ENDDO
[3832]	1933	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	1934
	1935	ENDDO
	1936
	1937	!
	1938	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
	1939	#if defined( __parallel )
[1839]	1940	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1941	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1942	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1943	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1944	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1945	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1819]	1946	#else
	1947	u_int = u_int_1_l
	1948	v_int = v_int_1_l
	1949	w_int = w_int_1_l
	1950	#endif
	1951
	1952
	1953	!
	1954	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
[1912]	1955
[1819]	1956	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1912]	1957	pit_loop: DO
[1819]	1958
[1912]	1959	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
[1839]	1960	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1961	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1962	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
	1963	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
	1964	ELSE
	1965	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1966	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1967	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
	1968	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
	1969	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
	1970	ENDIF
[1819]	1971	ENDIF
	1972
[1839]	1973	!
	1974	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[3832]	1975	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, sin_rot, cos_rot, re, rea, ren, rote, rota, rotn, &
	1976	!$OMP& vtheta, phi_rel, lct, rad_d, alpha_attack, vrel, &
	1977	!$OMP& chord, iialpha, iir, turb_cl, tl_factor, thrust_seg, &
	1978	!$OMP& torque_seg_y, turb_cd, torque_seg_z, thrust_ring, &
	1979	!$OMP& torque_ring_y, torque_ring_z)
	1980	!$OMP DO
[1819]	1981	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1982	!
	1983	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1984	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
[1839]	1985	!
	1986	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1987	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1988	!
[1839]	1989	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1990	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1991	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1992	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1993	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
	1994	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
	1995	!
[1839]	1996	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1997	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1998	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
	1999	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
	2000	re(3) = sin_rot
	2001
[1864]	2002	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
[1819]	2003	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
	2004	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
	2005	rea(3) = cos_rot
	2006
	2007	!
[1864]	2008	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
	2009	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
	2010	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
[1819]	2011	ren(1) = cos_yaw
	2012	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
	2013	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
	2014	!
	2015	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
[1864]	2016	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
	2017	!-- tilt:
[1819]	2018	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	2019	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
	2020	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
	2021	!
	2022	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	2023	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	2024
	2025	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	2026
	2027	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	2028
	2029	!
[1864]	2030	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2031	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
	2032	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2033	!
[1864]	2034	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
[2553]	2035	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
[1819]	2036	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
	2037	!-- coordinates y' and z.
	2038	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
	2039	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
[1864]	2040	!
	2041	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
	2042	!
[1819]	2043	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
[1864]	2044	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
	2045	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
[1819]	2046	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
	2047	!
[1864]	2048	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
	2049	!-- direction:
	2050	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
	2051	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
[1819]	2052	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
	2053	!
[1864]	2054	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
	2055	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
[1819]	2056
[1864]	2057	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN( u_rot / &
	2058	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2059	vtheta(rseg) ) )
	2060
	2061	!
[1864]	2062	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
	2063	!-- to the current radial position:
[1819]	2064
	2065	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
	2066	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
	2067
	2068	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2069	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2070	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
[1864]	2071	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
	2072	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2073	ELSE
[1864]	2074	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
	2075	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2076	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
	2077	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
	2078	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2079	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2080	ENDIF
	2081
	2082	!
[1864]	2083	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
	2084	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
	2085	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
	2086	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2087	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2088	!
[1864]	2089	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
	2090	!-- angle of attack:
[1819]	2091	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
	2092	!
[1864]	2093	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
	2094	!-- to angles given in degree:
	2095	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2096	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
	2097	!
[1864]	2098	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
[3139]	2099	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) - pitch_add(inot)
[1819]	2100
	2101	!
[1864]	2102	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
	2103	!-- to the rotor:
[1912]	2104	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
	2105	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2106	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
	2107
	2108	!
[1864]	2109	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2110	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
	2111	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
	2112	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2113
	2114	!
[1864]	2115	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
	2116	!-- the current radial position:
[1819]	2117
	2118	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2119	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2120	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
[1864]	2121	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2122	ELSE
[1864]	2123	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
	2124	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2125	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
	2126	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
	2127	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2128	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2129	ENDIF
	2130
	2131	!
	2132	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
[1864]	2133	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
[2836]	2134	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 1, +180.0 degrees = 3601,
	2135	!-- so one index every 0.1 degrees):
[1864]	2136	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
[2836]	2137	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) ) + 1.0_wp
[1819]	2138	!
	2139	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
[1864]	2140	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	2141	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
[1819]	2142	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
	2143	!
[1864]	2144	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
	2145	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
[1839]	2146	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
	2147	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
[1819]	2148
	2149	!
[1864]	2150	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
	2151	!-- angles given in radian:
	2152	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2153	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2154
[2152]	2155	IF ( tl_cor ) THEN
	2156
	2157	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
	2158	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
	2159	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
	2160	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
	2161	!--
	2162	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
	2163	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / &
	2164	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
	2165
	2166	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
	2167
[2894]	2168	ENDIF
[1819]	2169	!
	2170	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2171	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
	2172	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2173
	2174	!
[1864]	2175	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
[1819]	2176
	2177	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
	2178	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2179
	2180	!
[1864]	2181	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
	2182	!-- for each ring segment:
	2183	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
	2184	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
	2185	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2186
	2187	!
[1864]	2188	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
	2189	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
	2190	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
	2191	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
	2192	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
	2193	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
[1839]	2194	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2195	!
	2196	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
[1864]	2197	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
	2198	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
[1819]	2199
	2200	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
	2201	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
	2202
[1912]	2203	!
	2204	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
[3832]	2205	!$OMP CRITICAL
[1912]	2206	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
	2207	thrust_seg(rseg)
	2208
	2209
[1819]	2210	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
[3832]	2211	!$OMP END CRITICAL
[1819]	2212
[1864]	2213	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
[1819]	2214
	2215	!
[1864]	2216	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
	2217	!-- each ring:
[1819]	2218	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
	2219	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
	2220	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
	2221
	2222
[1864]	2223	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
[3832]	2224	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2225
	2226
[1864]	2227	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
[1819]	2228
[1912]	2229
	2230	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2231	!
	2232	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
	2233
	2234	!
	2235	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
	2236	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
	2237	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
	2238	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
	2239	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
	2240	( inertia_rot + &
	2241	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
[1819]	2242
[1912]	2243	!
	2244	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
	2245	!-- and rotor speed
	2246	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
	2247
	2248	ENDIF
	2249
[1864]	2250	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
[1819]	2251
[1912]	2252	!
	2253	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
	2254	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
	2255	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
	2256	!-- gain
	2257	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
	2258	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
	2259	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
	2260	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
[1864]	2261	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
[1912]	2262	!
	2263	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
	2264	CYCLE pit_loop
[1819]	2265	ENDIF
[1912]	2266
	2267	!
	2268	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
	2269	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
[1864]	2270	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1819]	2271	ENDIF
[1912]	2272	EXIT pit_loop
	2273	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
[1819]	2274
[1864]	2275
[1819]	2276	!
[1864]	2277	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
	2278
[1819]	2279	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2280	!
[1864]	2281	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2282	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2283	THEN
	2284	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2285	THEN
[1864]	2286	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2287	ENDIF
[1912]	2288	ENDIF
[1864]	2289
[1819]	2290	ENDIF
	2291
	2292
[1864]	2293	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
[1819]	2294
[1864]	2295	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
[1819]	2296
	2297
[1864]	2298	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
	2299	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
	2300	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
	2301	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2302	!
[1864]	2303	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
	2304	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
[1819]	2305	!
	2306	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
[1864]	2307	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
	2308	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
	2309	!-- consideration
[1819]	2310	!
[1864]	2311	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
	2312	!-- of the model domain:
[1819]	2313	!
	2314	!--
	2315	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
[1864]	2316	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
	2317	eps_min ) / dx )
	2318	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
	2319	eps_min ) / dy )
[1819]	2320
[3832]	2321	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (i, j, k, ring, rseg, flag, dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d)
	2322	!$OMP DO
[1864]	2323	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2324	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
[1864]	2325	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2326	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
[2232]	2327	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
	2328	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
	2329	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
[1819]	2330	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	2331	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	2332	!
[2232]	2333	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
	2334	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	2335
	2336	!
[1819]	2337	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
	2338	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
[1864]	2339	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2340	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2341	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2342	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2343	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2344	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2345	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2346	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2347	( k * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1819]	2348
	2349	!
	2350	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
	2351	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
	2352	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
	2353	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
	2354	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
	2355	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2356	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
	2357	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
	2358	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2359	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
	2360	flag
[1819]	2361	ENDIF
	2362	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2363	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
	2364	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
	2365	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2366	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2367	flag
[1819]	2368	ENDIF
	2369	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2370	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
	2371	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
	2372	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2373	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2374	flag
[1819]	2375	ENDIF
	2376
	2377	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
	2378	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
	2379
	2380	!
	2381	!-- Rotation of force components:
[2232]	2382	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2383	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
	2384	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
[2232]	2385	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
	2386	) * flag
[1819]	2387
[2232]	2388	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2389	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
	2390	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
[2232]	2391	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
	2392	) * flag
[1819]	2393
[2232]	2394	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2395	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
	2396	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
[2232]	2397	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
	2398	) * flag
[1819]	2399
	2400	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
	2401	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
	2402	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
[3832]	2403	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2404
[1864]	2405	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
[1819]	2406
[1912]	2407	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2408
	2409
	2410	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
	2411	!
	2412	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
	2413	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
	2414	IF ( start_up ) THEN
[1864]	2415	WDLON = NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 30s running mean array
[1819]	2416	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
[1912]	2417	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2418	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
	2419
[1864]	2420	WDSHO = NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 2s running mean array
[1819]	2421	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
[1912]	2422	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2423	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
	2424	start_up = .FALSE.
	2425	ENDIF
	2426
	2427	!
	2428	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
	2429	!--
	2430	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	2431	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2432	!
	2433	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2434	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2435	THEN
	2436	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2437	THEN
[1864]	2438
[1819]	2439	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
[1864]	2440
[1912]	2441	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
	2442	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
	2443	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
	2444	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
	2445	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
[1864]	2446
	2447	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2448
[1819]	2449	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
[2015]	2450
[1819]	2451	ENDIF
	2452	ENDIF
	2453
[1864]	2454	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
	2455
	2456	!
[1929]	2457	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
	2458	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2459	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2460	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2461	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2462	comm2d, ierr )
	2463	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2464	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2465	#else
	2466	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
	2467	wdir = wdir_l
	2468	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
[2015]	2469
	2470
[1929]	2471	#endif
[1819]	2472	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1864]	2473	!
	2474	!-- Update rotor orientation
	2475	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	2476
	2477	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
	2478
[2894]	2479	ENDIF ! end of yaw control
[1864]	2480
	2481	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2482	!
	2483	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
[1912]	2484	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2485	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2486	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2487	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2488	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2489	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
	2490	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1912]	2491	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
	2492	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2493	#else
	2494	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
	2495	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
	2496	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
	2497	#endif
[1864]	2498
	2499	ENDIF
[1819]	2500
	2501	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2502
	2503	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	2504	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
	2505	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2506	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2507	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2508	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2509	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2510	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2511	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2512	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1912]	2513
[1819]	2514	ELSE
	2515
[2669]	2516	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
	2517	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
	2518	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
	2519	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
[1819]	2520	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
	2521	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2522	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2523	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2524	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2525	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2526	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2527	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2528	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1819]	2529	ENDIF
	2530	ENDIF
	2531
[1912]	2532	!-- Set open flag
[1819]	2533	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
[1864]	2534	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2535
	2536	ENDIF
	2537
[1864]	2538	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
[1819]	2539
[1912]	2540	!
	2541	!-- Formats
[1819]	2542	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
	2543	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
	2544	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed ', &
[1912]	2545	'GenTorque AeroTorque Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) ', &
	2546	'RotThrust WDirection YawOrient')
[1819]	2547
[1864]	2548	106 FORMAT (F9.3,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F9.1,3X,F9.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F10.1,2X, &
	2549	F10.1,1X,F9.1,2X,F7.2,1X,F7.2)
[1819]	2550
	2551
	2552	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	2553
	2554
[1839]	2555	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2556	! Description:
	2557	! ------------
	2558	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
	2559	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2560	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2561
[1819]	2562	USE kinds
[1839]	2563
	2564	IMPLICIT NONE
[1819]	2565
	2566	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2567	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
	2568	REAL(wp) :: missal
	2569
	2570	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
	2571
	2572	!
[1864]	2573	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
	2574	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
[3593]	2575	!-- 5 degrees, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
	2576	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5 degrees.
[1864]	2577	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
	2578	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
	2579	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
	2580	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
	2581	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
	2582	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
	2583	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
	2584	!
	2585	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
[1819]	2586	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
[1843]	2587	!
[1864]	2588	!-- Write current wind direction into array
[1843]	2589	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
	2590	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
[1819]	2591	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2592	!
[1864]	2593	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
[1819]	2594	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
	2595
	2596	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
	2597	!
[1864]	2598	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
[1843]	2599	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
	2600	!
[1864]	2601	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
[1843]	2602	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
[1819]	2603	!
[1864]	2604	!-- Start yawing of turbine
[1843]	2605	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2606	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
[1864]	2607	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2608	ENDIF
	2609	ENDIF
	2610
	2611	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
	2612
	2613	!
[1864]	2614	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
	2615	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
	2616	!-- than min_miss
[1819]	2617
	2618	ELSE
	2619	!
	2620	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
	2621	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
[1864]	2622	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
[1819]	2623	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2624	!
[1864]	2625	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
	2626	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
	2627	!
	2628	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
[1819]	2629	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
[1864]	2630	!
	2631	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
	2632	!-- yaw direction is still right
	2633	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
	2634	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
	2635	!
	2636	!-- Continue yawing
	2637	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2638	ELSE
[1864]	2639	!
	2640	!-- Stop yawing
[1819]	2641	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
[1864]	2642	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2643	ENDIF
	2644	ELSE
[1864]	2645	!
	2646	!-- Continue yawing
[1843]	2647	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2648	ENDIF
	2649
	2650	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
	2651
	2652	ENDIF
	2653
[1839]	2654	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
[1819]	2655
[1864]	2656
[1819]	2657	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2658	! Description:
	2659	! ------------
[1864]	2660	!> Initialization of the speed control
	2661	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2662	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2663
	2664
	2665	IMPLICIT NONE
	2666
	2667	!
	2668	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
	2669	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
	2670	!
	2671	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
	2672	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
	2673	!
	2674	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
	2675	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
	2676	!
	2677	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
	2678	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
	2679	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
	2680	!
	2681	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
	2682	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
	2683	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
[2410]	2684	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
[1864]	2685	!
	2686	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
	2687	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
	2688	!
	2689	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
	2690	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
[2563]	2691	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	2692	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
	2693	ENDIF
[1864]	2694
	2695	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2696
	2697
	2698	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2699	! Description:
	2700	! ------------
	2701	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
	2702	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2703	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2704
	2705
	2706	IMPLICIT NONE
	2707
[1912]	2708	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2709
	2710
[1864]	2711
	2712	!
	2713	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
	2714	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
	2715	!-- offshore system developement"
	2716
	2717	!
	2718	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
	2719	!-- for the control of the generator torque
	2720	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
[1912]	2721	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
[1864]	2722	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
	2723
	2724	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
	2725	!
	2726	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
	2727	torque_gen(inot) = 0
	2728
	2729	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
	2730	!
	2731	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
	2732	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
	2733
	2734	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
	2735	!
	2736	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
	2737	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
	2738	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
	2739
	2740	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
	2741	!
	2742	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
	2743	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
	2744
	2745	ELSE
	2746	!
	2747	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
	2748	!-- keep the power constant:
	2749	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
	2750
	2751	ENDIF
	2752	!
	2753	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
	2754	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
	2755	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
	2756	!
	2757	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
	2758	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
	2759	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
	2760	!
	2761	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
[1912]	2762	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
[1864]	2763
	2764
	2765	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
	2766
	2767
	2768	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2769	! Description:
	2770	! ------------
[1839]	2771	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2772	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2773	!> Call for all grid points
[1819]	2774	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[3875]	2775	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions( location )
[1819]	2776
	2777
[3875]	2778	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
	2779
[1839]	2780	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2781	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2782	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2783
	2784
[3875]	2785	SELECT CASE ( location )
[1819]	2786
[3875]	2787	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
	2788
	2789	CALL wtm_forces
	2790
	2791	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
[1819]	2792	!
	2793	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1864]	2794	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2795	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2796	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2797	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2798	!
[1864]	2799	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2800	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[2553]	2801	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2802	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2803	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2553]	2804
[2232]	2805	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2806	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2807	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2808	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2809	ENDDO
	2810	ENDDO
	2811	ENDDO
	2812	ENDIF
	2813
[3875]	2814	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
[1819]	2815	!
	2816	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1864]	2817	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2818	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2819	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2820	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2821	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2822	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2823	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2824	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2825	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2826	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2827	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2828	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[1819]	2829	ENDDO
	2830	ENDDO
	2831	ENDDO
	2832	ENDIF
	2833
[3875]	2834	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
[1819]	2835	!
	2836	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1864]	2837	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2838	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2839	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2840	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2841	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2842	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2843	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2844	ENDDO
	2845	ENDDO
	2846	ENDDO
	2847	ENDIF
	2848
	2849
	2850	CASE DEFAULT
[4056]	2851	CONTINUE
[1819]	2852
	2853	END SELECT
	2854
	2855
[3875]	2856	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions
[1819]	2857
	2858
	2859	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2860	! Description:
	2861	! ------------
[1839]	2862	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2863	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2864	!> Call for grid point i,j
[1819]	2865	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[3875]	2866	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij( i, j, location )
[1819]	2867
	2868
[3875]	2869	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
[1839]	2870	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2871	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2872	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2873
[3875]	2874	SELECT CASE ( location )
[1819]	2875
[3875]	2876	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
	2877
	2878	CALL wtm_forces
	2879
	2880	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
[1819]	2881	!
	2882	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1839]	2883	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2884	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2885	!
[1839]	2886	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2887	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2888	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2889	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2890	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2891	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2892	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2893	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2553]	2894	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2895	ENDDO
	2896	ENDIF
	2897
[3875]	2898	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
[1819]	2899	!
	2900	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1839]	2901	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2902	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2903	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2904	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2905	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2906	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2907	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2908	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2909	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2910	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[2553]	2911	ENDDO
[1819]	2912	ENDIF
	2913
[3875]	2914	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
[1819]	2915	!
	2916	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1839]	2917	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2918	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2919	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2920	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2921	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2922	ENDDO
	2923	ENDIF
	2924
	2925
	2926	CASE DEFAULT
[4056]	2927	CONTINUE
[1819]	2928
	2929	END SELECT
	2930
	2931
[3875]	2932	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij
[1819]	2933
	2934	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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