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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 @ 3046

Last change on this file since 3046 was 3046, checked in by Giersch, 6 years ago
Remaining error messages revised, comments extended
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 62.0 KB

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1	!> @synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	! Error messages revised
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 3046 2018-05-29 08:02:15Z Giersch $
27	! Error message revised
28	!
29	! 3044 2018-05-25 10:59:41Z gronemeier
30	! Add missing variable descriptions
31	!
32	! 3038 2018-05-24 10:54:00Z gronemeier
33	! updated variable descriptions
34	!
35	! 2967 2018-04-13 11:22:08Z raasch
36	! bugfix: missing parallel cpp-directives added
37	!
38	! 2946 2018-04-04 17:01:23Z suehring
39	! Remove unused module load
40	!
41	! 2945 2018-04-04 16:27:14Z suehring
42	! - Bugfix in parallelization of synthetic turbulence generator in case the
43	! z-dimension is not an integral divisor of the number of processors along
44	! the x- and y-dimension
45	! - Revision in control mimic in case of RAN-LES nesting
46	!
47	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
48	! Apply turbulence generator at all non-cyclic lateral boundaries in case of
49	! realistic Inifor large-scale forcing or RANS-LES nesting
50	!
51	! 2936 2018-03-27 14:49:27Z suehring
52	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was found,
53	! reading of restart strings has been moved completely to read_restart_data_mod,
54	! redundant skipping function has been removed, stg_read/write_restart_data
55	! have been renamed to stg_r/wrd_global, stg_rrd_global is called in
56	! read_restart_data_mod now, flag syn_turb_gen_prerun and marker *** end stg
57	! *** have been removed (Giersch), strings and their respective lengths are
58	! written out and read now in case of restart runs to get rid of prescribed
59	! character lengths (Giersch), CASE DEFAULT was added if restart data is read
60	!
61	! 2841 2018-02-27 15:02:57Z suehring
62	! Bugfix: wrong placement of include 'mpif.h' corrected
63	!
64	! 2836 2018-02-26 13:40:05Z Giersch
65	! The variables synthetic_turbulence_generator and
66	! use_synthetic_turbulence_generator have been abbreviated + syn_turb_gen_prerun
67	! flag is used to define if module related parameters were outputted as restart
68	! data
69	!
70	! 2716 2017-12-29 16:35:59Z kanani
71	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
72	!
73	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
74	! Change in file header (GPL part)
75	!
76	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
77	! unit number for file containing turbulence generator data changed to 90
78	! bugfix: preprocessor directives added for MPI specific code
79	!
80	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
81	! Definition of a new function called stg_skip_global to skip module
82	! parameters during reading restart data
83	!
84	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
85	! stg_read_restart_data is called in stg_parin in the case of a restart run
86	!
87	! 2259 2017-06-08 09:09:11Z gronemeier
88	! Initial revision
89	!
90	!
91	!
92	! Authors:
93	! --------
94	! @author Tobias Gronemeier, Atsushi Inagaki, Micha Gryschka, Christoph Knigge
95	!
96	!
97	! Description:
98	! ------------
99	!> The module generates turbulence at the inflow boundary based on a method by
100	!> Xie and Castro (2008) utilizing a Lund rotation (Lund, 1998) and a mass-flux
101	!> correction by Kim et al. (2013).
102	!> The turbulence is correlated based on length scales in y- and z-direction and
103	!> a time scale for each velocity component. The profiles of length and time
104	!> scales, mean u, v, w, e and pt, and all components of the Reynolds stress
105	!> tensor are read from file STG_PROFILES.
106	!>
107	!> @todo test restart
108	!> enable cyclic_fill
109	!> implement turbulence generation for e and pt
110	!> @todo Input of height-constant length scales via namelist
111	!> @note <Enter notes on the module>
112	!> @bug Height information from input file is not used. Profiles from input
113	!> must match with current PALM grid.
114	!> Transformation of length scales to number of gridpoints does not
115	!> consider grid stretching.
116	!> In case of restart, velocity seeds differ from precursor run if a11,
117	!> a22, or a33 are zero.
118	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
119	MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod
120
121
122	USE arrays_3d, &
123	ONLY: mean_inflow_profiles, u, v, w
124
125	USE constants, &
126	ONLY: pi
127
128	USE control_parameters, &
129	ONLY: initializing_actions, message_string, syn_turb_gen
130
131	USE cpulog, &
132	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point, log_point_s
133
134	USE indices, &
135	ONLY: nbgp, nzb, nzt, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, nys, nyn, nyng, nysg
136
137	USE kinds
138
139	#if defined( __parallel ) && !defined( __mpifh )
140	USE MPI
141	#endif
142
143	USE pegrid, &
144	ONLY: comm1dx, comm1dy, comm2d, ierr, myidx, myidy, pdims
145
146	USE transpose_indices, &
147	ONLY: nzb_x, nzt_x
148
149
150	IMPLICIT NONE
151
152	#if defined( __parallel ) && defined( __mpifh )
153	INCLUDE "mpif.h"
154	#endif
155
156	LOGICAL :: velocity_seed_initialized = .FALSE. !< true after first call of stg_main
157	LOGICAL :: use_syn_turb_gen = .FALSE. !< switch to use synthetic turbulence generator
158
159	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_left !< left lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
160	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_north !< north lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
161	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_right !< right lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
162	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_south !< south lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
163	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz !< MPI type for full z range
164	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz_small !< MPI type for small z range
165	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz !< MPI type for full z range
166	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz_small !< MPI type for small z range
167	INTEGER(iwp) :: merg !< maximum length scale (in gp)
168	INTEGER(iwp) :: mergp !< merg + nbgp
169	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_x_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
170	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_x_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
171	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_y_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
172	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_y_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
173
174	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor !< mass flux correction factor
175
176	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_xz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
177	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_xz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
178	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_yz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
179	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_yz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
180	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nux !< length scale of u in x direction (in gp)
181	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuy !< length scale of u in y direction (in gp)
182	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuz !< length scale of u in z direction (in gp)
183	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvx !< length scale of v in x direction (in gp)
184	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvy !< length scale of v in y direction (in gp)
185	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvz !< length scale of v in z direction (in gp)
186	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwx !< length scale of w in x direction (in gp)
187	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwy !< length scale of w in y direction (in gp)
188	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwz !< length scale of w in z direction (in gp)
189
190	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: seed !< seed of random number for rn-generator
191
192	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a11 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
193	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a21 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
194	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a22 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
195	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a31 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
196	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a32 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
197	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a33 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
198	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tu !< Lagrangian time scale of u
199	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tv !< Lagrangian time scale of v
200	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tw !< Lagrangian time scale of w
201
202	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bux !< filter function for u in x direction
203	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buy !< filter function for u in y direction
204	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buz !< filter function for u in z direction
205	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvx !< filter function for v in x direction
206	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvy !< filter function for v in y direction
207	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvz !< filter function for v in z direction
208	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwx !< filter function for w in y direction
209	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwy !< filter function for w in y direction
210	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwz !< filter function for w in z direction
211	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane
212	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane with new random number
213	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane
214	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane with new random number
215	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane
216	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane with new random number
217	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane
218	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane with new random number
219	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane
220	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane with new random number
221	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane
222	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane with new random number
223
224
225	!
226	!-- PALM interfaces:
227	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
228	INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
229	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_check_parameters
230	END INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
231
232	!
233	!-- Calculate filter functions
234	INTERFACE stg_filter_func
235	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_filter_func
236	END INTERFACE stg_filter_func
237
238	!
239	!-- Generate velocity seeds at south and north domain boundary
240	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
241	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_xz
242	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
243	!
244	!-- Generate velocity seeds at left and/or right domain boundary
245	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
246	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_yz
247	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
248
249	!
250	!-- Output of information to the header file
251	INTERFACE stg_header
252	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_header
253	END INTERFACE stg_header
254
255	!
256	!-- Initialization actions
257	INTERFACE stg_init
258	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_init
259	END INTERFACE stg_init
260
261	!
262	!-- Main procedure of synth. turb. gen.
263	INTERFACE stg_main
264	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_main
265	END INTERFACE stg_main
266
267	!
268	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
269	INTERFACE stg_parin
270	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_parin
271	END INTERFACE stg_parin
272
273	!
274	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
275	INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
276	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_rrd_global
277	END INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
278
279	!
280	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs
281	INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
282	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_wrd_global
283	END INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
284
285	SAVE
286
287	PRIVATE
288
289	!
290	!-- Public interfaces
291	PUBLIC stg_check_parameters, stg_header, stg_init, stg_main, stg_parin, &
292	stg_wrd_global, stg_rrd_global
293
294	!
295	!-- Public variables
296	PUBLIC id_stg_left, id_stg_north, id_stg_right, id_stg_south, &
297	use_syn_turb_gen
298
299
300	CONTAINS
301
302
303	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
304	! Description:
305	! ------------
306	!> Check parameters routine for synthetic turbulence generator
307	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
308	SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
309
310
311	USE control_parameters, &
312	ONLY: bc_lr, bc_ns, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode, turbulent_inflow
313
314	USE pmc_interface, &
315	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
316
317
318	IMPLICIT NONE
319
320	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. forcing ) THEN
321	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
322	'when forcing is used and model operates in LES mode.'
323	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
324	ENDIF
325
326	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. nest_domain &
327	.AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
328	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
329	'when nesting is applied and parent operates in ' // &
330	'RANS-mode but current child in LES mode.'
331	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
332	ENDIF
333
334	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
335
336	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
337
338	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles' ) == 0 &
339	.AND. INDEX( initializing_actions, 'read_restart_data' ) == 0 ) THEN
340	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
341	'requires %initializing_actions = ' // &
342	'"set_constant_profiles" or "read_restart_data"'
343	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0015', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
344	ENDIF
345
346	IF ( bc_lr /= 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
347	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
348	'requires &bc_lr = "dirichlet/radiation"'
349	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0035', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
350	ENDIF
351	IF ( bc_ns /= 'cyclic' ) THEN
352	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
353	'requires &bc_ns = "cyclic"'
354	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0037', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
355	ENDIF
356
357	ENDIF
358
359	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
360	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
361	'in combination &with turbulent_inflow = .T. '// &
362	'is not allowed'
363	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0039', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
364	ENDIF
365
366	ENDIF
367
368	END SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
369
370
371	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
372	! Description:
373	! ------------
374	!> Header output for synthetic turbulence generator
375	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
376	SUBROUTINE stg_header ( io )
377
378
379	IMPLICIT NONE
380
381	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
382
383	!
384	!-- Write synthetic turbulence generator Header
385	WRITE( io, 1 )
386	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
387	WRITE( io, 2 )
388	ELSE
389	WRITE( io, 3 )
390	ENDIF
391
392	1 FORMAT (//' Synthetic turbulence generator information:'/ &
393	' ------------------------------------------'/)
394	2 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched on')
395	3 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched off')
396
397	END SUBROUTINE stg_header
398
399
400	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
401	! Description:
402	! ------------
403	!> Initialization of the synthetic turbulence generator
404	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
405	SUBROUTINE stg_init
406
407
408	USE arrays_3d, &
409	ONLY: ddzw, u_init, v_init, zu
410
411	USE control_parameters, &
412	ONLY: coupling_char, dz, e_init, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode
413
414	USE grid_variables, &
415	ONLY: ddx, ddy
416
417	USE indices, &
418	ONLY: nz
419
420	USE pmc_interface, &
421	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
422
423
424	IMPLICIT NONE
425
426	LOGICAL :: file_stg_exist = .FALSE. !< flag indication whether parameter file for Reynolds stress and length scales exist
427
428	#if defined( __parallel )
429	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: extent !< extent of new MPI type
430	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: tob=0 !< dummy variable
431	#endif
432
433	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !> grid index in x-direction
434	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !> loop index
435	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index
436	INTEGER(iwp) :: newtype !< dummy MPI type
437	INTEGER(iwp) :: realsize !< size of REAL variables
438	INTEGER(iwp) :: nseed !< dimension of random number seed
439	INTEGER(iwp) :: startseed = 1234567890 !< start seed for random number generator
440
441	!
442	!-- Dummy variables used for reading profiles
443	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< u profile
444	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< v profile
445	REAL(wp) :: d3 !< w profile
446	REAL(wp) :: d5 !< e profile
447	REAL(wp) :: d11 !< vertical interpolation for a11
448	REAL(wp) :: d21 !< vertical interpolation for a21
449	REAL(wp) :: d22 !< vertical interpolation for a22
450	REAL(wp) :: dum_exp !< dummy variable used for exponential vertical decrease of turbulent length scales
451	REAL(wp) :: luy !< length scale for u in y direction
452	REAL(wp) :: luz !< length scale for u in z direction
453	REAL(wp) :: lvy !< length scale for v in y direction
454	REAL(wp) :: lvz !< length scale for v in z direction
455	REAL(wp) :: lwy !< length scale for w in y direction
456	REAL(wp) :: lwz !< length scale for w in z direction
457	REAL(wp) :: nnz !< increment used to determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x and y direction
458	REAL(wp) :: zz !< height
459
460	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_surface !< typical length scale
461	REAL(wp) :: r_ii_0 !< correction factor
462	REAL(wp) :: time_scale !< typical time scale
463	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_z !< typical length scale
464
465	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r11 !< Reynolds parameter
466	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r21 !< Reynolds parameter
467	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r22 !< Reynolds parameter
468	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r31 !< Reynolds parameter
469	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r32 !< Reynolds parameter
470	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r33 !< Reynolds parameter
471
472
473	#if defined( __parallel )
474	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
475	#endif
476
477	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
478
479	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( mean_inflow_profiles ) ) &
480	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
481
482	ALLOCATE ( a11(nzb:nzt+1), a21(nzb:nzt+1), a22(nzb:nzt+1), &
483	a31(nzb:nzt+1), a32(nzb:nzt+1), a33(nzb:nzt+1), &
484	nux(nzb:nzt+1), nuy(nzb:nzt+1), nuz(nzb:nzt+1), &
485	nvx(nzb:nzt+1), nvy(nzb:nzt+1), nvz(nzb:nzt+1), &
486	nwx(nzb:nzt+1), nwy(nzb:nzt+1), nwz(nzb:nzt+1), &
487	tu(nzb:nzt+1), tv(nzb:nzt+1), tw(nzb:nzt+1) )
488
489	#if defined( __parallel )
490	!
491	!-- Determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x- and y-direction
492	nnz = nz / pdims(1)
493	nzb_x_stg = 1 + myidx * INT( nnz )
494	nzt_x_stg = ( myidx + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
495
496	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(1) ) /= 0 .AND. myidx == id_stg_right ) &
497	nzt_x_stg = nzt_x_stg + myidx * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
498	! nzt_x_stg = myidx * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(1) )
499
500	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
501	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
502	nnz = nz / pdims(2)
503	nzb_y_stg = 1 + myidy * INT( nnz )
504	nzt_y_stg = ( myidy + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
505
506	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(2) ) /= 0 .AND. myidy == id_stg_north ) &
507	nzt_y_stg = nzt_y_stg + myidy * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
508	! nzt_y_stg = myidy * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(2) )
509	ENDIF
510
511	!
512	!-- Define MPI type used in stg_generate_seed_yz to gather vertical splitted
513	!-- velocity seeds
514	CALL MPI_TYPE_SIZE( MPI_REAL, realsize, ierr )
515	extent = 1 * realsize
516	!
517	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at yz
518	!-- layer
519	!-- stg_type_yz: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
520	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
521	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
522	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz, ierr )
523	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz, ierr )
524	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
525
526	! stg_type_yz_small: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
527	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
528	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
529	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
530	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
531	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
532
533	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
534	ALLOCATE( recv_count_yz(pdims(1)), displs_yz(pdims(1)) )
535
536	recv_count_yz = nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg + 1
537	recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) = recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) + 1
538
539	DO j = 1, pdims(1)
540	displs_yz(j) = 0 + (nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+1) * (j-1)
541	ENDDO
542	!
543	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at xz
544	!-- layer
545	!-- stg_type_xz: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
546	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
547	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
548	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
549	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
550	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz, ierr )
551	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz, ierr )
552	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
553
554	! stg_type_yz_small: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
555	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
556	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
557	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
558	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
559	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
560
561	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
562	ALLOCATE( recv_count_xz(pdims(2)), displs_xz(pdims(2)) )
563
564	recv_count_xz = nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg + 1
565	recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) = recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) + 1
566
567	DO j = 1, pdims(2)
568	displs_xz(j) = 0 + (nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+1) * (j-1)
569	ENDDO
570
571	ENDIF
572
573	#endif
574	!
575	!-- Define seed of random number
576	CALL RANDOM_SEED()
577	CALL RANDOM_SEED( size=nseed )
578	ALLOCATE( seed(1:nseed) )
579	DO j = 1, nseed
580	seed(j) = startseed + j
581	ENDDO
582	CALL RANDOM_SEED(put=seed)
583
584	!-- Read inflow profile
585	!-- Height levels of profiles in input profile is as follows:
586	!-- zu: luy, luz, tu, lvy, lvz, tv, r11, r21, r22, d1, d2, d5
587	!-- zw: lwy, lwz, tw, r31, r32, r33, d3
588	!-- WARNING: zz is not used at the moment
589	INQUIRE( FILE = 'STG_PROFILES' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
590	EXIST = file_stg_exist )
591
592	IF ( file_stg_exist ) THEN
593
594	OPEN( 90, FILE='STG_PROFILES'//TRIM( coupling_char ), STATUS='OLD', &
595	FORM='FORMATTED')
596	!
597	!-- Skip header
598	READ( 90, * )
599
600	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
601	READ( 90, * ) zz, luy, luz, tu(k), lvy, lvz, tv(k), lwy, lwz, tw(k), &
602	r11(k), r21(k), r22(k), r31(k), r32(k), r33(k), &
603	d1, d2, d3, d5
604
605	!
606	!-- Convert length scales from meter to number of grid points
607	nuy(k) = INT( luy * ddy )
608	nuz(k) = INT( luz / dz )
609	nvy(k) = INT( lvy * ddy )
610	nvz(k) = INT( lvz / dz )
611	nwy(k) = INT( lwy * ddy )
612	nwz(k) = INT( lwz / dz )
613	!
614	!-- Workaround, assume isotropic turbulence
615	nwx(k) = nwy(k)
616	nvx(k) = nvy(k)
617	nux(k) = nuy(k)
618	!
619	!-- Save Mean inflow profiles
620	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
621	mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) = d1
622	mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) = d2
623	! mean_inflow_profiles(k,4) = d4
624	mean_inflow_profiles(k,5) = d5
625	ENDIF
626	ENDDO
627
628	CLOSE( 90 )
629
630	ELSE
631	!
632	!-- Set-up defaul length scales. Assume exponentially decreasing length
633	!-- scales and isotropic turbulence.
634	!-- Typical length (time) scales of 100 m (s) should be a good compromise
635	!-- between all stratrifications. Near-surface variances are fixed to
636	!-- 0.1 m2/s2, vertical fluxes are one order of magnitude smaller.
637	!-- Vertical fluxes
638	length_scale_surface = 100.0_wp
639	r_ii_0 = 0.1_wp
640	time_scale = 100.0_wp
641	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
642	dum_exp = MERGE( -zu(k) / ( 0.3* zu(nzt) ), &
643	0.0_wp, &
644	zu(k) > 0.3 * zu(nzt) &
645	)
646	length_scale_z = length_scale_surface * EXP( dum_exp )
647
648	nux(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
649	nuy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
650	nuz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
651	nvx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
652	nvy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
653	nvz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
654	nwx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
655	nwy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
656	nwz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
657
658	r11(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
659	r22(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
660	r33(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
661
662	r21(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
663	r31(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
664	r32(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
665
666	tu(k) = time_scale
667	tv(k) = time_scale
668	tw(k) = time_scale
669
670	ENDDO
671	nux(nzb) = nux(nzb+1)
672	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
673	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
674	nvx(nzb) = nvx(nzb+1)
675	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
676	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
677	nwx(nzb) = nwx(nzb+1)
678	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
679	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
680
681	r11(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
682	r22(nzb) = r22(nzb+1)
683	r33(nzb) = r33(nzb+1)
684
685	r21(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
686	r31(nzb) = r31(nzb+1)
687	r32(nzb) = r32(nzb+1)
688
689	tu(nzb) = time_scale
690	tv(nzb) = time_scale
691	tw(nzb) = time_scale
692
693	ENDIF
694
695	!
696	!-- Assign initial profiles
697	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
698	u_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,1)
699	v_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,2)
700	!pt_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,4)
701	e_init = MAXVAL( mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) )
702	ENDIF
703	!
704	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor (Lund rotation)
705	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
706	IF ( r11(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
707	a11(k) = SQRT( r11(k) )
708	a21(k) = r21(k) / a11(k)
709	ELSE
710	a11(k) = 0.0_wp
711	a21(k) = 0.0_wp
712	ENDIF
713
714	a22(k) = r22(k) - a21(k)**2
715	IF ( a22(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
716	a22(k) = SQRT( a22(k) )
717	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - a21(k) * a31(k) ) / a22(k)
718	ELSE
719	a22(k) = 0.0_wp
720	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
721	ENDIF
722
723	!
724	!-- a31, a32, a33 must be calculated with interpolated a11, a21, a22 (d11,
725	!-- d21, d22) because of different vertical grid
726	IF ( k .le. nzt ) THEN
727	d11 = 0.5_wp * ( r11(k) + r11(k+1) )
728	IF ( d11 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
729	d11 = SQRT( d11 )
730	d21 = ( 0.5_wp * ( r21(k) + r21(k+1) ) ) / d11
731	a31(k) = r31(k) / d11
732	ELSE
733	d21 = 0.0_wp
734	a31(k) = 0.0_wp
735	ENDIF
736
737	d22 = 0.5_wp * ( r22(k) + r22(k+1) ) - d21 ** 2
738	IF ( d22 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
739	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - d21 * a31(k) ) / SQRT( d22 )
740	ELSE
741	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
742	ENDIF
743
744	a33(k) = r33(k) - a31(k) 2 - a32(k) 2
745	IF ( a33(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
746	a33(k) = SQRT( a33(k) )
747	ELSE
748	a33(k) = 0.0_wp
749	ENDIF
750	ELSE
751	a31(k) = a31(k-1)
752	a32(k) = a32(k-1)
753	a33(k) = a33(k-1)
754	ENDIF
755
756	ENDDO
757	!
758	!-- Define the size of the filter functions and allocate them.
759	merg = 0
760
761	! arrays must be large enough to cover the largest length scale
762	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
763	j = MAX( ABS(nux(k)), ABS(nuy(k)), ABS(nuz(k)), &
764	ABS(nvx(k)), ABS(nvy(k)), ABS(nvz(k)), &
765	ABS(nwx(k)), ABS(nwy(k)), ABS(nwz(k)) )
766	IF ( j > merg ) merg = j
767	ENDDO
768
769	merg = 2 * merg
770	mergp = merg + nbgp
771
772	ALLOCATE ( bux(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
773	buy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
774	buz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
775	bvx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
776	bvy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
777	bvz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
778	bwx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
779	bwy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
780	bwz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) )
781
782	!
783	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at xz-layer
784	ALLOCATE ( fu_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fuo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
785	fv_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fvo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
786	fw_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fwo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
787
788	!
789	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at yz-layer
790	ALLOCATE ( fu_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fuo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
791	fv_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fvo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
792	fw_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fwo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
793
794	fu_xz = 0.0_wp
795	fuo_xz = 0.0_wp
796	fv_xz = 0.0_wp
797	fvo_xz = 0.0_wp
798	fw_xz = 0.0_wp
799	fwo_xz = 0.0_wp
800
801	fu_yz = 0.0_wp
802	fuo_yz = 0.0_wp
803	fv_yz = 0.0_wp
804	fvo_yz = 0.0_wp
805	fw_yz = 0.0_wp
806	fwo_yz = 0.0_wp
807
808	!
809	!-- Create filter functions
810	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
811	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
812	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
813	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
814	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
815	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
816	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
817	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
818	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
819
820	#if defined( __parallel )
821	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
822	#endif
823
824	!
825	!-- In case of restart, calculate velocity seeds fu, fv, fw from former
826	! time step.
827	! Bug: fu, fv, fw are different in those heights where a11, a22, a33
828	! are 0 compared to the prerun. This is mostly for k=nzt+1.
829	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
830	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
831
832	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = -1
833	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
834
835	DO j = nysg, nyng
836	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
837
838	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
839	fu_yz(k,j) = ( u(k,j,i) / mc_factor - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
840	ELSE
841	fu_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
842	ENDIF
843
844	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
845	fv_yz(k,j) = ( v(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
846	v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
847	ELSE
848	fv_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
849	ENDIF
850
851	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
852	fw_yz(k,j) = ( w(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
853	a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) ) / a33(k)
854	ELSE
855	fw_yz = 0._wp
856	ENDIF
857
858	ENDDO
859	ENDDO
860	ENDIF
861	ENDIF
862
863	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
864
865	END SUBROUTINE stg_init
866
867
868	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
869	! Description:
870	! ------------
871	!> Calculate filter function bxx from length scale nxx following Eg.9 and 10
872	!> (Xie and Castro, 2008)
873	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
874	SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func( nxx, bxx )
875
876
877	IMPLICIT NONE
878
879	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
880	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k !< length scale nXX in height k
881	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k2 !< n_k * 2
882	INTEGER(iwp) :: nf !< index for length scales
883
884	REAL(wp) :: bdenom !< denominator for filter functions bXX
885	REAL(wp) :: qsi = 1.0_wp !< minimization factor
886
887	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:) :: nxx(nzb:nzt+1) !< length scale (in gp)
888
889	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) :: bxx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) !< filter function
890
891
892	bxx = 0.0_wp
893
894	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
895	bdenom = 0.0_wp
896	n_k = nxx(k)
897	IF ( n_k /= 0 ) THEN
898	n_k2 = n_k * 2
899
900	!
901	!-- ( Eq.10 )^2
902	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
903	bdenom = bdenom + EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k )**2
904	ENDDO
905
906	!
907	!-- ( Eq.9 )
908	bdenom = SQRT( bdenom )
909	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
910	bxx(nf,k) = EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k ) / bdenom
911	ENDDO
912	ENDIF
913	ENDDO
914
915	END SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func
916
917
918	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
919	! Description:
920	! ------------
921	!> Parin for &stg_par for synthetic turbulence generator
922	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
923	SUBROUTINE stg_parin
924
925
926	IMPLICIT NONE
927
928	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
929
930
931	NAMELIST /stg_par/ use_syn_turb_gen
932
933	line = ' '
934
935	!
936	!-- Try to find stg package
937	REWIND ( 11 )
938	line = ' '
939	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&stg_par' ) == 0 )
940	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
941	ENDDO
942	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
943
944	!
945	!-- Read namelist
946	READ ( 11, stg_par )
947
948	!
949	!-- Set flag that indicates that the synthetic turbulence generator is switched
950	!-- on
951	syn_turb_gen = .TRUE.
952
953
954	10 CONTINUE
955
956	END SUBROUTINE stg_parin
957
958
959	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
960	! Description:
961	! ------------
962	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
963	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
964	SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global( found )
965
966
967	USE control_parameters, &
968	ONLY: length, restart_string
969
970
971	IMPLICIT NONE
972
973	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !< flag indicating if variable was found
974
975
976	found = .TRUE.
977
978
979	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
980
981	CASE ( 'mc_factor' )
982	READ ( 13 ) mc_factor
983	CASE ( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
984	READ ( 13 ) use_syn_turb_gen
985
986	CASE DEFAULT
987
988	found = .FALSE.
989
990	END SELECT
991
992
993	END SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global
994
995
996	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
997	! Description:
998	! ------------
999	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
1000	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1001	SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
1002
1003
1004	IMPLICIT NONE
1005
1006	CALL wrd_write_string( 'mc_factor' )
1007	WRITE ( 14 ) mc_factor
1008
1009	CALL wrd_write_string( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
1010	WRITE ( 14 ) use_syn_turb_gen
1011
1012
1013	END SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
1014
1015
1016	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1017	! Description:
1018	! ------------
1019	!> Create turbulent inflow fields for u, v, w with prescribed length scales and
1020	!> Reynolds stress tensor after a method of Xie and Castro (2008), modified
1021	!> following suggestions of Kim et al. (2013), and using a Lund rotation
1022	!> (Lund, 1998).
1023	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1024	SUBROUTINE stg_main
1025
1026
1027	USE arrays_3d, &
1028	ONLY: dzw
1029
1030	USE control_parameters, &
1031	ONLY: dt_3d, forcing, intermediate_timestep_count, nest_domain, &
1032	rans_mode, simulated_time, volume_flow_initial
1033
1034	USE grid_variables, &
1035	ONLY: dx, dy
1036
1037	USE indices, &
1038	ONLY: wall_flags_0
1039
1040	USE statistics, &
1041	ONLY: weight_substep
1042
1043	USE pmc_interface, &
1044	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
1045
1046
1047	IMPLICIT NONE
1048
1049	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
1050	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1051	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1052
1053	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg !< wheighted subtimestep
1054	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor_l !< local mass flux correction factor
1055	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow !< mass flux through lateral boundary
1056	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow_l !< local mass flux through lateral boundary
1057
1058	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg,5) :: dist_xz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
1059	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,5) :: dist_yz !< imposed disturbances at left/right boundary
1060
1061
1062	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
1063
1064	!
1065	!-- Calculate time step which is needed for filter functions
1066	dt_stg = dt_3d * weight_substep(intermediate_timestep_count)
1067
1068	!
1069	!-- Initial value of fu, fv, fw
1070	IF ( simulated_time == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. velocity_seed_initialized ) THEN
1071	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_left )
1072	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_left )
1073	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_left )
1074
1075	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1076	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1077	!
1078	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1079	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_right )
1080	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_right )
1081	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_right )
1082	!
1083	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1084	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_north )
1085	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_north )
1086	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_north )
1087	!
1088	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1089	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_south )
1090	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_south )
1091	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_south )
1092	ENDIF
1093	velocity_seed_initialized = .TRUE.
1094	ENDIF
1095	!
1096	!-- New set of fu, fv, fw
1097	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_left )
1098	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_left )
1099	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_left )
1100
1101	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1102	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1103	!
1104	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1105	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_right )
1106	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_right )
1107	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_right )
1108	!
1109	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1110	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_north )
1111	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_north )
1112	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_north )
1113	!
1114	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1115	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_south )
1116	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_south )
1117	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_south )
1118	ENDIF
1119	!
1120	!-- Turbulence generation at left and or right boundary
1121	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1122
1123	DO j = nysg, nyng
1124	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1125	!
1126	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1127	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1128	fu_yz(k,j) = fuo_yz(k,j)
1129	ELSE
1130	fu_yz(k,j) = fu_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1131	fuo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1132	ENDIF
1133
1134	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1135	fv_yz(k,j) = fvo_yz(k,j)
1136	ELSE
1137	fv_yz(k,j) = fv_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1138	fvo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1139	ENDIF
1140
1141	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1142	fw_yz(k,j) = fwo_yz(k,j)
1143	ELSE
1144	fw_yz(k,j) = fw_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1145	fwo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1146	ENDIF
1147	!
1148	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1149	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1150	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1151	dist_yz(k,j,1) = 0.0_wp
1152	dist_yz(k,j,2) = 0.0_wp
1153	dist_yz(k,j,3) = 0.0_wp
1154	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1155	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1156	ELSE
1157	dist_yz(k,j,1) = a11(k) * fu_yz(k,j)
1158	!experimental test of 1.2
1159	dist_yz(k,j,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1160	* 1.2_wp ) &
1161	* ( a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1162	+ a22(k) * fv_yz(k,j) )
1163	dist_yz(k,j,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1164	* 1.3_wp ) &
1165	* ( a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1166	+ a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) &
1167	+ a33(k) * fw_yz(k,j) )
1168	! Calculation for pt and e not yet implemented
1169	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1170	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1171	ENDIF
1172
1173	ENDDO
1174	ENDDO
1175
1176	!
1177	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1178	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1179	!-- inflow boundary
1180	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
1181	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1182	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1183	DO j = nys, nyn
1184	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1185	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + dzw(k) * &
1186	( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) )
1187	ENDDO
1188	ENDDO
1189
1190	#if defined( __parallel )
1191	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1192	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1193	#else
1194	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1195	#endif
1196
1197	mc_factor = volume_flow_initial(1) / mc_factor
1198
1199	!
1200	!-- Add disturbance at the inflow
1201	DO j = nysg, nyng
1202	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1203	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + &
1204	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1205	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) + &
1206	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1207	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = dist_yz(k,j,3) * mc_factor
1208	ENDDO
1209	ENDDO
1210
1211	ELSE
1212	!
1213	!-- First, calculate volume flow at yz boundary
1214	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
1215	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
1216
1217	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1218	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1219	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1220	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1221	DO j = nys, nyn
1222	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1223	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy &
1224	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1225	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1226
1227	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( u(k,j,i) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1228	* dzw(k) * dy &
1229	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1230	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1231	ENDDO
1232	ENDDO
1233	#if defined( __parallel )
1234	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1235	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1236	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1237	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1238	#else
1239	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1240	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1241	#endif
1242
1243	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1244
1245	!
1246	!-- Add disturbances
1247	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) THEN
1248
1249	DO j = nysg, nyng
1250	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1251	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1252	* mc_factor
1253	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
1254	* mc_factor
1255	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
1256	* mc_factor
1257	ENDDO
1258	ENDDO
1259	ENDIF
1260	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1261
1262	DO j = nysg, nyng
1263	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1264	u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1265	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1266	v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1267	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1268	w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1269	dist_yz(k,j,3) ) * mc_factor
1270	ENDDO
1271	ENDDO
1272	ENDIF
1273	ENDIF
1274
1275	ENDIF
1276	!
1277	!-- Turbulence generation at north and south boundary
1278	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north .OR. myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1279
1280	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1281	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1282	!
1283	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1284	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1285	fu_xz(k,i) = fuo_xz(k,i)
1286	ELSE
1287	fu_xz(k,i) = fu_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1288	fuo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1289	ENDIF
1290
1291	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1292	fv_xz(k,i) = fvo_xz(k,i)
1293	ELSE
1294	fv_xz(k,i) = fv_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1295	fvo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1296	ENDIF
1297
1298	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1299	fw_xz(k,i) = fwo_xz(k,i)
1300	ELSE
1301	fw_xz(k,i) = fw_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1302	fwo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1303	ENDIF
1304	!
1305	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1306	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1307	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1308	dist_xz(k,i,1) = 0.0_wp
1309	dist_xz(k,i,2) = 0.0_wp
1310	dist_xz(k,i,3) = 0.0_wp
1311
1312	ELSE
1313	dist_xz(k,i,1) = a11(k) * fu_xz(k,i)
1314	!experimental test of 1.2
1315	dist_xz(k,i,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1316	* 1.2_wp ) &
1317	* ( a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1318	+ a22(k) * fv_xz(k,i) )
1319	dist_xz(k,i,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1320	* 1.3_wp ) &
1321	* ( a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1322	+ a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) &
1323	+ a33(k) * fw_xz(k,i) )
1324	ENDIF
1325
1326	ENDDO
1327	ENDDO
1328	!
1329	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1330	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1331	!-- inflow boundary.
1332	!-- First, calculate volume flow at xz boundary
1333	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
1334	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
1335
1336	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1337	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1338	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1339	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1340	DO i = nxl, nxr
1341	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1342	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx &
1343	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1344	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1345
1346	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( v(k,j,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1347	* dzw(k) * dx &
1348	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1349	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1350	ENDDO
1351	ENDDO
1352	#if defined( __parallel )
1353	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1354	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1355	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1356	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1357	#else
1358	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1359	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1360	#endif
1361
1362	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1363
1364	!
1365	!-- Add disturbances
1366	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1367
1368	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1369	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1370	u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
1371	* mc_factor
1372	v(k,-nbgp:0,i) = ( v(k,-nbgp:0,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1373	* mc_factor
1374	w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
1375	* mc_factor
1376	ENDDO
1377	ENDDO
1378	ENDIF
1379	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
1380
1381	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1382	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1383	u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1384	dist_xz(k,i,1) ) * mc_factor
1385	v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1386	dist_xz(k,i,2) ) * mc_factor
1387	w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1388	dist_xz(k,i,3) ) * mc_factor
1389	ENDDO
1390	ENDDO
1391	ENDIF
1392	ENDIF
1393
1394	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
1395
1396	END SUBROUTINE stg_main
1397
1398	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1399	! Description:
1400	! ------------
1401	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1402	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1403	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in x-direction and
1404	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1405	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1406	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1407	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz( n_y, n_z, b_y, b_z, f_n, id )
1408
1409
1410	USE indices, &
1411	ONLY: ny
1412
1413	IMPLICIT NONE
1414
1415	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1416	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1417	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< loop index in y-direction
1418	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1419	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1420	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1421
1422	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y !< length scale in y-direction
1423	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1424	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y2 !< n_y*2
1425	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1426
1427	REAL(wp) :: nyz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in yz-slice
1428	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1429	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1430
1431	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_y !< filter func in y-dir
1432	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1433	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1434	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1435	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1436
1437
1438	!
1439	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1440	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1441	!-- unit variance.
1442	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:ny+mergp) )
1443
1444	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1445	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1446	nyz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( ny+1 ), KIND=wp )
1447
1448	DO j = 0, ny
1449	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1450	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,j) )
1451	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,j)
1452	ENDDO
1453	ENDDO
1454
1455	rand_av = rand_av * nyz_inv
1456
1457	DO j = 0, ny
1458	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1459	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) - rand_av
1460	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,j) ** 2
1461	ENDDO
1462	ENDDO
1463
1464	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nyz_inv)
1465
1466	DO j = 0, ny
1467	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1468	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) * rand_sigma_inv
1469	ENDDO
1470	ENDDO
1471
1472	!
1473	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1474	DO j = 0, ny
1475	DO k = 1, mergp
1476	rand_it(nzb -k,j) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,j) ! bottom margin
1477	rand_it(nzt+1+k,j) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,j) ! top margin
1478	ENDDO
1479	ENDDO
1480	DO j = 1, mergp
1481	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1482	rand_it(k, -j) = rand_it(k,ny-j+1) ! south margin
1483	rand_it(k,ny+j) = rand_it(k, j-1) ! north margin
1484	ENDDO
1485	ENDDO
1486
1487	!
1488	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1489	n_y2 = n_y * 2
1490	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1491	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1492
1493	DO j = nysg, nyng
1494	DO k = nzb_x_stg, nzt_x_stg+1
1495	DO jj = -n_y2(k), n_y2(k)
1496	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1497	f_n_l(k,j) = f_n_l(k,j) &
1498	+ b_y(jj,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,j+jj)
1499	ENDDO
1500	ENDDO
1501	ENDDO
1502	ENDDO
1503
1504	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1505	!
1506	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1507	send_count = nzt_x_stg - nzb_x_stg + 1
1508	IF ( nzt_x_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1509
1510	#if defined( __parallel )
1511	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_x_stg,nysg), send_count, stg_type_yz_small, &
1512	f_n(nzb+1,nysg), recv_count_yz, displs_yz, stg_type_yz, &
1513	id, comm1dx, ierr )
1514	#else
1515	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) = f_n_l(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng)
1516	#endif
1517
1518
1519	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1525	! Description:
1526	! ------------
1527	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1528	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1529	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in y-direction and
1530	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1531	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1532	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1533	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz( n_x, n_z, b_x, b_z, f_n, id )
1534
1535
1536	USE indices, &
1537	ONLY: nx
1538
1539
1540	IMPLICIT NONE
1541
1542	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1543	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
1544	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop index in x-direction
1545	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1546	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1547	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1548
1549	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x !< length scale in x-direction
1550	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1551	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x2 !< n_y*2
1552	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1553
1554	REAL(wp) :: nxz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in xz-slice
1555	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1556	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1557
1558	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_x !< filter func in y-dir
1559	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1560	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1561	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1562	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1563
1564
1565	!
1566	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1567	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1568	!-- unit variance.
1569	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:nx+mergp) )
1570
1571	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1572	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1573	nxz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( nx+1 ), KIND=wp )
1574
1575	DO i = 0, nx
1576	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1577	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,i) )
1578	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,i)
1579	ENDDO
1580	ENDDO
1581
1582	rand_av = rand_av * nxz_inv
1583
1584	DO i = 0, nx
1585	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1586	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) - rand_av
1587	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,i) ** 2
1588	ENDDO
1589	ENDDO
1590
1591	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nxz_inv)
1592
1593	DO i = 0, nx
1594	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1595	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) * rand_sigma_inv
1596	ENDDO
1597	ENDDO
1598
1599	!
1600	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1601	DO i = 0, nx
1602	DO k = 1, mergp
1603	rand_it(nzb-k,i) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,i) ! bottom margin
1604	rand_it(nzt+1+k,i) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,i) ! top margin
1605	ENDDO
1606	ENDDO
1607	DO i = 1, mergp
1608	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1609	rand_it(k,-i) = rand_it(k,nx-i+1) ! left margin
1610	rand_it(k,nx+i) = rand_it(k,i-1) ! right margin
1611	ENDDO
1612	ENDDO
1613
1614	!
1615	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1616	n_x2 = n_x * 2
1617	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1618	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1619
1620	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1621	DO k = nzb_y_stg, nzt_y_stg+1
1622	DO ii = -n_x2(k), n_x2(k)
1623	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1624	f_n_l(k,i) = f_n_l(k,i) &
1625	+ b_x(ii,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,i+ii)
1626	ENDDO
1627	ENDDO
1628	ENDDO
1629	ENDDO
1630
1631	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1632
1633	!
1634	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1635	send_count = nzt_y_stg - nzb_y_stg + 1
1636	IF ( nzt_y_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1637
1638
1639	#if defined( __parallel )
1640	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_y_stg,nxlg), send_count, stg_type_xz_small, &
1641	f_n(nzb+1,nxlg), recv_count_xz, displs_xz, stg_type_xz, &
1642	id, comm1dy, ierr )
1643	#else
1644	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) = f_n_l(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg)
1645	#endif
1646
1647
1648	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz
1649
1650	END MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod

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