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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 @ 3038

Last change on this file since 3038 was 3038, checked in by gronemeier, 6 years ago
updated variable description
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 61.7 KB

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1	!> @synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 3038 2018-05-24 10:54:00Z gronemeier $
27	! updated variable descriptions
28	!
29	! 2967 2018-04-13 11:22:08Z raasch
30	! bugfix: missing parallel cpp-directives added
31	!
32	! 2946 2018-04-04 17:01:23Z suehring
33	! Remove unused module load
34	!
35	! 2945 2018-04-04 16:27:14Z suehring
36	! - Bugfix in parallelization of synthetic turbulence generator in case the
37	! z-dimension is not an integral divisor of the number of processors along
38	! the x- and y-dimension
39	! - Revision in control mimic in case of RAN-LES nesting
40	!
41	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
42	! Apply turbulence generator at all non-cyclic lateral boundaries in case of
43	! realistic Inifor large-scale forcing or RANS-LES nesting
44	!
45	! 2936 2018-03-27 14:49:27Z suehring
46	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was found,
47	! reading of restart strings has been moved completely to read_restart_data_mod,
48	! redundant skipping function has been removed, stg_read/write_restart_data
49	! have been renamed to stg_r/wrd_global, stg_rrd_global is called in
50	! read_restart_data_mod now, flag syn_turb_gen_prerun and marker *** end stg
51	! *** have been removed (Giersch), strings and their respective lengths are
52	! written out and read now in case of restart runs to get rid of prescribed
53	! character lengths (Giersch), CASE DEFAULT was added if restart data is read
54	!
55	! 2841 2018-02-27 15:02:57Z suehring
56	! Bugfix: wrong placement of include 'mpif.h' corrected
57	!
58	! 2836 2018-02-26 13:40:05Z Giersch
59	! The variables synthetic_turbulence_generator and
60	! use_synthetic_turbulence_generator have been abbreviated + syn_turb_gen_prerun
61	! flag is used to define if module related parameters were outputted as restart
62	! data
63	!
64	! 2716 2017-12-29 16:35:59Z kanani
65	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
66	!
67	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
68	! Change in file header (GPL part)
69	!
70	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
71	! unit number for file containing turbulence generator data changed to 90
72	! bugfix: preprocessor directives added for MPI specific code
73	!
74	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
75	! Definition of a new function called stg_skip_global to skip module
76	! parameters during reading restart data
77	!
78	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
79	! stg_read_restart_data is called in stg_parin in the case of a restart run
80	!
81	! 2259 2017-06-08 09:09:11Z gronemeier
82	! Initial revision
83	!
84	!
85	!
86	! Authors:
87	! --------
88	! @author Tobias Gronemeier, Atsushi Inagaki, Micha Gryschka, Christoph Knigge
89	!
90	!
91	! Description:
92	! ------------
93	!> The module generates turbulence at the inflow boundary based on a method by
94	!> Xie and Castro (2008) utilizing a Lund rotation (Lund, 1998) and a mass-flux
95	!> correction by Kim et al. (2013).
96	!> The turbulence is correlated based on length scales in y- and z-direction and
97	!> a time scale for each velocity component. The profiles of length and time
98	!> scales, mean u, v, w, e and pt, and all components of the Reynolds stress
99	!> tensor are read from file STG_PROFILES.
100	!>
101	!> @todo test restart
102	!> enable cyclic_fill
103	!> implement turbulence generation for e and pt
104	!> @todo Input of height-constant length scales via namelist
105	!> @note <Enter notes on the module>
106	!> @bug Height information from input file is not used. Profiles from input
107	!> must match with current PALM grid.
108	!> Transformation of length scales to number of gridpoints does not
109	!> consider grid stretching.
110	!> In case of restart, velocity seeds differ from precursor run if a11,
111	!> a22, or a33 are zero.
112	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
113	MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod
114
115
116	USE arrays_3d, &
117	ONLY: mean_inflow_profiles, u, v, w
118
119	USE constants, &
120	ONLY: pi
121
122	USE control_parameters, &
123	ONLY: initializing_actions, message_string, syn_turb_gen
124
125	USE cpulog, &
126	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point, log_point_s
127
128	USE indices, &
129	ONLY: nbgp, nzb, nzt, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, nys, nyn, nyng, nysg
130
131	USE kinds
132
133	#if defined( __parallel ) && !defined( __mpifh )
134	USE MPI
135	#endif
136
137	USE pegrid, &
138	ONLY: comm1dx, comm1dy, comm2d, ierr, myidx, myidy, pdims
139
140	USE transpose_indices, &
141	ONLY: nzb_x, nzt_x
142
143
144	IMPLICIT NONE
145
146	#if defined( __parallel ) && defined( __mpifh )
147	INCLUDE "mpif.h"
148	#endif
149
150	LOGICAL :: velocity_seed_initialized = .FALSE. !< true after first call of stg_main
151	LOGICAL :: use_syn_turb_gen = .FALSE. !< switch to use synthetic turbulence generator
152
153	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_left !< left lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
154	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_north !< north lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
155	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_right !< right lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
156	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_south !< south lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
157	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz !< MPI type for full z range
158	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz_small !< MPI type for small z range
159	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz !< MPI type for full z range
160	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz_small !< MPI type for small z range
161	INTEGER(iwp) :: merg !< maximum length scale (in gp)
162	INTEGER(iwp) :: mergp !< merg + nbgp
163	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_x_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
164	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_x_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
165	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_y_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
166	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_y_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
167
168	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor !< mass flux correction factor
169
170	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_xz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
171	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_xz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
172	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_yz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
173	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_yz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
174	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nux !< length scale of u in x direction (in gp)
175	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuy !< length scale of u in y direction (in gp)
176	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuz !< length scale of u in z direction (in gp)
177	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvx !< length scale of v in x direction (in gp)
178	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvy !< length scale of v in y direction (in gp)
179	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvz !< length scale of v in z direction (in gp)
180	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwx !< length scale of w in x direction (in gp)
181	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwy !< length scale of w in y direction (in gp)
182	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwz !< length scale of w in z direction (in gp)
183
184	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: seed !< seed of random number for rn-generator
185
186	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a11 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
187	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a21 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
188	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a22 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
189	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a31 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
190	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a32 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
191	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a33 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
192	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tu !< Lagrangian time scale of u
193	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tv !< Lagrangian time scale of v
194	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tw !< Lagrangian time scale of w
195
196	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bux !< filter function for u in x direction
197	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buy !< filter function for u in y direction
198	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buz !< filter function for u in z direction
199	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvx !< filter function for v in x direction
200	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvy !< filter function for v in y direction
201	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvz !< filter function for v in z direction
202	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwx !< filter function for w in y direction
203	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwy !< filter function for w in y direction
204	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwz !< filter function for w in z direction
205	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane
206	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane with new random number
207	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane
208	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane with new random number
209	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane
210	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane with new random number
211	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane
212	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane with new random number
213	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane
214	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane with new random number
215	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane
216	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane with new random number
217
218
219	!
220	!-- PALM interfaces:
221	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
222	INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
223	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_check_parameters
224	END INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
225
226	!
227	!-- Calculate filter functions
228	INTERFACE stg_filter_func
229	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_filter_func
230	END INTERFACE stg_filter_func
231
232	!
233	!-- Generate velocity seeds at south and north domain boundary
234	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
235	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_xz
236	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
237	!
238	!-- Generate velocity seeds at left and/or right domain boundary
239	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
240	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_yz
241	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
242
243	!
244	!-- Output of information to the header file
245	INTERFACE stg_header
246	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_header
247	END INTERFACE stg_header
248
249	!
250	!-- Initialization actions
251	INTERFACE stg_init
252	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_init
253	END INTERFACE stg_init
254
255	!
256	!-- Main procedure of synth. turb. gen.
257	INTERFACE stg_main
258	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_main
259	END INTERFACE stg_main
260
261	!
262	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
263	INTERFACE stg_parin
264	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_parin
265	END INTERFACE stg_parin
266
267	!
268	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
269	INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
270	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_rrd_global
271	END INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
272
273	!
274	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs
275	INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
276	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_wrd_global
277	END INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
278
279	SAVE
280
281	PRIVATE
282
283	!
284	!-- Public interfaces
285	PUBLIC stg_check_parameters, stg_header, stg_init, stg_main, stg_parin, &
286	stg_wrd_global, stg_rrd_global
287
288	!
289	!-- Public variables
290	PUBLIC id_stg_left, id_stg_north, id_stg_right, id_stg_south, &
291	use_syn_turb_gen
292
293
294	CONTAINS
295
296
297	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
298	! Description:
299	! ------------
300	!> Check parameters routine for synthetic turbulence generator
301	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
302	SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
303
304
305	USE control_parameters, &
306	ONLY: bc_lr, bc_ns, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode, turbulent_inflow
307
308	USE pmc_interface, &
309	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
310
311
312	IMPLICIT NONE
313
314	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. forcing ) THEN
315	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
316	'when forcing is used and model operates in LES mode.'
317	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
318	ENDIF
319
320	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. nest_domain &
321	.AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
322	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
323	'when nesting is applied and parent operates in ' // &
324	'RANS-mode but current child in LES mode.'
325	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
326	ENDIF
327
328	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
329
330	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
331
332	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles' ) == 0 &
333	.AND. INDEX( initializing_actions, 'read_restart_data' ) == 0 ) THEN
334	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
335	'requires &initializing_actions = ' // &
336	'"set_constant_profiles" or "read_restart_data"'
337	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0015', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
338	ENDIF
339
340	IF ( bc_lr /= 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
341	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
342	'requires &bc_lr = "dirichlet/radiation"'
343	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0035', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
344	ENDIF
345	IF ( bc_ns /= 'cyclic' ) THEN
346	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
347	'requires &bc_ns = "cyclic"'
348	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0037', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
349	ENDIF
350
351	ENDIF
352
353	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
354	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
355	'in combination &with turbulent_inflow = .T. '// &
356	'is not allowed'
357	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0039', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
358	ENDIF
359
360	ENDIF
361
362	END SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
363
364
365	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
366	! Description:
367	! ------------
368	!> Header output for synthetic turbulence generator
369	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
370	SUBROUTINE stg_header ( io )
371
372
373	IMPLICIT NONE
374
375	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
376
377	!
378	!-- Write synthetic turbulence generator Header
379	WRITE( io, 1 )
380	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
381	WRITE( io, 2 )
382	ELSE
383	WRITE( io, 3 )
384	ENDIF
385
386	1 FORMAT (//' Synthetic turbulence generator information:'/ &
387	' ------------------------------------------'/)
388	2 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched on')
389	3 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched off')
390
391	END SUBROUTINE stg_header
392
393
394	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
395	! Description:
396	! ------------
397	!> Initialization of the synthetic turbulence generator
398	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
399	SUBROUTINE stg_init
400
401
402	USE arrays_3d, &
403	ONLY: ddzw, u_init, v_init, zu
404
405	USE control_parameters, &
406	ONLY: coupling_char, dz, e_init, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode
407
408	USE grid_variables, &
409	ONLY: ddx, ddy
410
411	USE indices, &
412	ONLY: nz
413
414	USE pmc_interface, &
415	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
416
417
418	IMPLICIT NONE
419
420	LOGICAL :: file_stg_exist = .FALSE. !< flag indication whether parameter file for Reynolds stress and length scales exist
421
422	#if defined( __parallel )
423	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: extent !< extent of new MPI type
424	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: tob=0 !< dummy variable
425	#endif
426
427	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !> grid index in x-direction
428	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !> loop index
429	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index
430	INTEGER(iwp) :: newtype !< dummy MPI type
431	INTEGER(iwp) :: realsize !< size of REAL variables
432	INTEGER(iwp) :: nseed !< dimension of random number seed
433	INTEGER(iwp) :: startseed = 1234567890 !< start seed for random number generator
434
435	!
436	!-- Dummy variables used for reading profiles
437	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< u profile
438	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< v profile
439	REAL(wp) :: d3 !< w profile
440	REAL(wp) :: d5 !< e profile
441	REAL(wp) :: d11 !< vertical interpolation for a11
442	REAL(wp) :: d21 !< vertical interpolation for a21
443	REAL(wp) :: d22 !< vertical interpolation for a22
444	REAL(wp) :: dum_exp !< dummy variable used for exponential vertical decrease of turbulent length scales
445	REAL(wp) :: luy !< length scale for u in y direction
446	REAL(wp) :: luz !< length scale for u in z direction
447	REAL(wp) :: lvy !< length scale for v in y direction
448	REAL(wp) :: lvz !< length scale for v in z direction
449	REAL(wp) :: lwy !< length scale for w in y direction
450	REAL(wp) :: lwz !< length scale for w in z direction
451	REAL(wp) :: nnz !< increment used to determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x and y direction
452	REAL(wp) :: zz !< height
453
454	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_surface, r_ii_0, time_scale, length_scale_z
455
456	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r11 !< Reynolds parameter
457	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r21 !< Reynolds parameter
458	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r22 !< Reynolds parameter
459	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r31 !< Reynolds parameter
460	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r32 !< Reynolds parameter
461	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r33 !< Reynolds parameter
462
463
464	#if defined( __parallel )
465	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
466	#endif
467
468	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
469
470	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( mean_inflow_profiles ) ) &
471	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
472
473	ALLOCATE ( a11(nzb:nzt+1), a21(nzb:nzt+1), a22(nzb:nzt+1), &
474	a31(nzb:nzt+1), a32(nzb:nzt+1), a33(nzb:nzt+1), &
475	nux(nzb:nzt+1), nuy(nzb:nzt+1), nuz(nzb:nzt+1), &
476	nvx(nzb:nzt+1), nvy(nzb:nzt+1), nvz(nzb:nzt+1), &
477	nwx(nzb:nzt+1), nwy(nzb:nzt+1), nwz(nzb:nzt+1), &
478	tu(nzb:nzt+1), tv(nzb:nzt+1), tw(nzb:nzt+1) )
479
480	#if defined( __parallel )
481	!
482	!-- Determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x- and y-direction
483	nnz = nz / pdims(1)
484	nzb_x_stg = 1 + myidx * INT( nnz )
485	nzt_x_stg = ( myidx + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
486
487	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(1) ) /= 0 .AND. myidx == id_stg_right ) &
488	nzt_x_stg = nzt_x_stg + myidx * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
489	! nzt_x_stg = myidx * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(1) )
490
491	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
492	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
493	nnz = nz / pdims(2)
494	nzb_y_stg = 1 + myidy * INT( nnz )
495	nzt_y_stg = ( myidy + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
496
497	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(2) ) /= 0 .AND. myidy == id_stg_north ) &
498	nzt_y_stg = nzt_y_stg + myidy * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
499	! nzt_y_stg = myidy * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(2) )
500	ENDIF
501
502	!
503	!-- Define MPI type used in stg_generate_seed_yz to gather vertical splitted
504	!-- velocity seeds
505	CALL MPI_TYPE_SIZE( MPI_REAL, realsize, ierr )
506	extent = 1 * realsize
507	!
508	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at yz
509	!-- layer
510	!-- stg_type_yz: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
511	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
512	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
513	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz, ierr )
514	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz, ierr )
515	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
516
517	! stg_type_yz_small: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
518	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
519	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
520	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
521	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
522	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
523
524	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
525	ALLOCATE( recv_count_yz(pdims(1)), displs_yz(pdims(1)) )
526
527	recv_count_yz = nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg + 1
528	recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) = recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) + 1
529
530	DO j = 1, pdims(1)
531	displs_yz(j) = 0 + (nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+1) * (j-1)
532	ENDDO
533	!
534	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at xz
535	!-- layer
536	!-- stg_type_xz: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
537	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
538	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
539	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
540	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
541	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz, ierr )
542	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz, ierr )
543	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
544
545	! stg_type_yz_small: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
546	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
547	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
548	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
549	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
550	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
551
552	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
553	ALLOCATE( recv_count_xz(pdims(2)), displs_xz(pdims(2)) )
554
555	recv_count_xz = nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg + 1
556	recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) = recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) + 1
557
558	DO j = 1, pdims(2)
559	displs_xz(j) = 0 + (nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+1) * (j-1)
560	ENDDO
561
562	ENDIF
563
564	#endif
565	!
566	!-- Define seed of random number
567	CALL RANDOM_SEED()
568	CALL RANDOM_SEED( size=nseed )
569	ALLOCATE( seed(1:nseed) )
570	DO j = 1, nseed
571	seed(j) = startseed + j
572	ENDDO
573	CALL RANDOM_SEED(put=seed)
574
575	!-- Read inflow profile
576	!-- Height levels of profiles in input profile is as follows:
577	!-- zu: luy, luz, tu, lvy, lvz, tv, r11, r21, r22, d1, d2, d5
578	!-- zw: lwy, lwz, tw, r31, r32, r33, d3
579	!-- WARNING: zz is not used at the moment
580	INQUIRE( FILE = 'STG_PROFILES' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
581	EXIST = file_stg_exist )
582
583	IF ( file_stg_exist ) THEN
584
585	OPEN( 90, FILE='STG_PROFILES'//TRIM( coupling_char ), STATUS='OLD', &
586	FORM='FORMATTED')
587	!
588	!-- Skip header
589	READ( 90, * )
590
591	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
592	READ( 90, * ) zz, luy, luz, tu(k), lvy, lvz, tv(k), lwy, lwz, tw(k), &
593	r11(k), r21(k), r22(k), r31(k), r32(k), r33(k), &
594	d1, d2, d3, d5
595
596	!
597	!-- Convert length scales from meter to number of grid points
598	nuy(k) = INT( luy * ddy )
599	nuz(k) = INT( luz / dz )
600	nvy(k) = INT( lvy * ddy )
601	nvz(k) = INT( lvz / dz )
602	nwy(k) = INT( lwy * ddy )
603	nwz(k) = INT( lwz / dz )
604	!
605	!-- Workaround, assume isotropic turbulence
606	nwx(k) = nwy(k)
607	nvx(k) = nvy(k)
608	nux(k) = nuy(k)
609	!
610	!-- Save Mean inflow profiles
611	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
612	mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) = d1
613	mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) = d2
614	! mean_inflow_profiles(k,4) = d4
615	mean_inflow_profiles(k,5) = d5
616	ENDIF
617	ENDDO
618
619	CLOSE( 90 )
620
621	ELSE
622	!
623	!-- Set-up defaul length scales. Assume exponentially decreasing length
624	!-- scales and isotropic turbulence.
625	!-- Typical length (time) scales of 100 m (s) should be a good compromise
626	!-- between all stratrifications. Near-surface variances are fixed to
627	!-- 0.1 m2/s2, vertical fluxes are one order of magnitude smaller.
628	!-- Vertical fluxes
629	length_scale_surface = 100.0_wp
630	r_ii_0 = 0.1_wp
631	time_scale = 100.0_wp
632	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
633	dum_exp = MERGE( -zu(k) / ( 0.3* zu(nzt) ), &
634	0.0_wp, &
635	zu(k) > 0.3 * zu(nzt) &
636	)
637	length_scale_z = length_scale_surface * EXP( dum_exp )
638
639	nux(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
640	nuy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
641	nuz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
642	nvx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
643	nvy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
644	nvz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
645	nwx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
646	nwy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
647	nwz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
648
649	r11(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
650	r22(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
651	r33(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
652
653	r21(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
654	r31(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
655	r32(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
656
657	tu(k) = time_scale
658	tv(k) = time_scale
659	tw(k) = time_scale
660
661	ENDDO
662	nux(nzb) = nux(nzb+1)
663	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
664	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
665	nvx(nzb) = nvx(nzb+1)
666	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
667	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
668	nwx(nzb) = nwx(nzb+1)
669	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
670	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
671
672	r11(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
673	r22(nzb) = r22(nzb+1)
674	r33(nzb) = r33(nzb+1)
675
676	r21(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
677	r31(nzb) = r31(nzb+1)
678	r32(nzb) = r32(nzb+1)
679
680	tu(nzb) = time_scale
681	tv(nzb) = time_scale
682	tw(nzb) = time_scale
683
684	ENDIF
685
686	!
687	!-- Assign initial profiles
688	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
689	u_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,1)
690	v_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,2)
691	!pt_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,4)
692	e_init = MAXVAL( mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) )
693	ENDIF
694	!
695	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor (Lund rotation)
696	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
697	IF ( r11(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
698	a11(k) = SQRT( r11(k) )
699	a21(k) = r21(k) / a11(k)
700	ELSE
701	a11(k) = 0.0_wp
702	a21(k) = 0.0_wp
703	ENDIF
704
705	a22(k) = r22(k) - a21(k)**2
706	IF ( a22(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
707	a22(k) = SQRT( a22(k) )
708	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - a21(k) * a31(k) ) / a22(k)
709	ELSE
710	a22(k) = 0.0_wp
711	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
712	ENDIF
713
714	!
715	!-- a31, a32, a33 must be calculated with interpolated a11, a21, a22 (d11,
716	!-- d21, d22) because of different vertical grid
717	IF ( k .le. nzt ) THEN
718	d11 = 0.5_wp * ( r11(k) + r11(k+1) )
719	IF ( d11 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
720	d11 = SQRT( d11 )
721	d21 = ( 0.5_wp * ( r21(k) + r21(k+1) ) ) / d11
722	a31(k) = r31(k) / d11
723	ELSE
724	d21 = 0.0_wp
725	a31(k) = 0.0_wp
726	ENDIF
727
728	d22 = 0.5_wp * ( r22(k) + r22(k+1) ) - d21 ** 2
729	IF ( d22 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
730	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - d21 * a31(k) ) / SQRT( d22 )
731	ELSE
732	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
733	ENDIF
734
735	a33(k) = r33(k) - a31(k) 2 - a32(k) 2
736	IF ( a33(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
737	a33(k) = SQRT( a33(k) )
738	ELSE
739	a33(k) = 0.0_wp
740	ENDIF
741	ELSE
742	a31(k) = a31(k-1)
743	a32(k) = a32(k-1)
744	a33(k) = a33(k-1)
745	ENDIF
746
747	ENDDO
748	!
749	!-- Define the size of the filter functions and allocate them.
750	merg = 0
751
752	! arrays must be large enough to cover the largest length scale
753	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
754	j = MAX( ABS(nux(k)), ABS(nuy(k)), ABS(nuz(k)), &
755	ABS(nvx(k)), ABS(nvy(k)), ABS(nvz(k)), &
756	ABS(nwx(k)), ABS(nwy(k)), ABS(nwz(k)) )
757	IF ( j > merg ) merg = j
758	ENDDO
759
760	merg = 2 * merg
761	mergp = merg + nbgp
762
763	ALLOCATE ( bux(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
764	buy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
765	buz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
766	bvx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
767	bvy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
768	bvz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
769	bwx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
770	bwy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
771	bwz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) )
772
773	!
774	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at xz-layer
775	ALLOCATE ( fu_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fuo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
776	fv_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fvo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
777	fw_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fwo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
778
779	!
780	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at yz-layer
781	ALLOCATE ( fu_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fuo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
782	fv_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fvo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
783	fw_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fwo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
784
785	fu_xz = 0.0_wp
786	fuo_xz = 0.0_wp
787	fv_xz = 0.0_wp
788	fvo_xz = 0.0_wp
789	fw_xz = 0.0_wp
790	fwo_xz = 0.0_wp
791
792	fu_yz = 0.0_wp
793	fuo_yz = 0.0_wp
794	fv_yz = 0.0_wp
795	fvo_yz = 0.0_wp
796	fw_yz = 0.0_wp
797	fwo_yz = 0.0_wp
798
799	!
800	!-- Create filter functions
801	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
802	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
803	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
804	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
805	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
806	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
807	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
808	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
809	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
810
811	#if defined( __parallel )
812	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
813	#endif
814
815	!
816	!-- In case of restart, calculate velocity seeds fu, fv, fw from former
817	! time step.
818	! Bug: fu, fv, fw are different in those heights where a11, a22, a33
819	! are 0 compared to the prerun. This is mostly for k=nzt+1.
820	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
821	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
822
823	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = -1
824	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
825
826	DO j = nysg, nyng
827	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
828
829	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
830	fu_yz(k,j) = ( u(k,j,i) / mc_factor - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
831	ELSE
832	fu_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
833	ENDIF
834
835	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
836	fv_yz(k,j) = ( v(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
837	v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
838	ELSE
839	fv_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
840	ENDIF
841
842	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
843	fw_yz(k,j) = ( w(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
844	a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) ) / a33(k)
845	ELSE
846	fw_yz = 0._wp
847	ENDIF
848
849	ENDDO
850	ENDDO
851	ENDIF
852	ENDIF
853
854	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
855
856	END SUBROUTINE stg_init
857
858
859	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
860	! Description:
861	! ------------
862	!> Calculate filter function bxx from length scale nxx following Eg.9 and 10
863	!> (Xie and Castro, 2008)
864	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
865	SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func( nxx, bxx )
866
867
868	IMPLICIT NONE
869
870	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
871	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k !< length scale nXX in height k
872	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k2 !< n_k * 2
873	INTEGER(iwp) :: nf !< index for length scales
874
875	REAL(wp) :: bdenom !< denominator for filter functions bXX
876	REAL(wp) :: qsi = 1.0_wp !< minimization factor
877
878	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:) :: nxx(nzb:nzt+1) !< length scale (in gp)
879
880	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) :: bxx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) !< filter function
881
882
883	bxx = 0.0_wp
884
885	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
886	bdenom = 0.0_wp
887	n_k = nxx(k)
888	IF ( n_k /= 0 ) THEN
889	n_k2 = n_k * 2
890
891	!
892	!-- ( Eq.10 )^2
893	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
894	bdenom = bdenom + EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k )**2
895	ENDDO
896
897	!
898	!-- ( Eq.9 )
899	bdenom = SQRT( bdenom )
900	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
901	bxx(nf,k) = EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k ) / bdenom
902	ENDDO
903	ENDIF
904	ENDDO
905
906	END SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func
907
908
909	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
910	! Description:
911	! ------------
912	!> Parin for &stg_par for synthetic turbulence generator
913	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
914	SUBROUTINE stg_parin
915
916
917	IMPLICIT NONE
918
919	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
920
921
922	NAMELIST /stg_par/ use_syn_turb_gen
923
924	line = ' '
925
926	!
927	!-- Try to find stg package
928	REWIND ( 11 )
929	line = ' '
930	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&stg_par' ) == 0 )
931	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
932	ENDDO
933	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
934
935	!
936	!-- Read namelist
937	READ ( 11, stg_par )
938
939	!
940	!-- Set flag that indicates that the synthetic turbulence generator is switched
941	!-- on
942	syn_turb_gen = .TRUE.
943
944
945	10 CONTINUE
946
947	END SUBROUTINE stg_parin
948
949
950	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
951	! Description:
952	! ------------
953	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
954	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
955	SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global( found )
956
957
958	USE control_parameters, &
959	ONLY: length, restart_string
960
961
962	IMPLICIT NONE
963
964	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
965
966
967	found = .TRUE.
968
969
970	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
971
972	CASE ( 'mc_factor' )
973	READ ( 13 ) mc_factor
974	CASE ( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
975	READ ( 13 ) use_syn_turb_gen
976
977	CASE DEFAULT
978
979	found = .FALSE.
980
981	END SELECT
982
983
984	END SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global
985
986
987	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
988	! Description:
989	! ------------
990	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
991	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
992	SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
993
994
995	IMPLICIT NONE
996
997	CALL wrd_write_string( 'mc_factor' )
998	WRITE ( 14 ) mc_factor
999
1000	CALL wrd_write_string( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
1001	WRITE ( 14 ) use_syn_turb_gen
1002
1003
1004	END SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
1005
1006
1007	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1008	! Description:
1009	! ------------
1010	!> Create turbulent inflow fields for u, v, w with prescribed length scales and
1011	!> Reynolds stress tensor after a method of Xie and Castro (2008), modified
1012	!> following suggestions of Kim et al. (2013), and using a Lund rotation
1013	!> (Lund, 1998).
1014	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1015	SUBROUTINE stg_main
1016
1017
1018	USE arrays_3d, &
1019	ONLY: dzw
1020
1021	USE control_parameters, &
1022	ONLY: dt_3d, forcing, intermediate_timestep_count, nest_domain, &
1023	rans_mode, simulated_time, volume_flow_initial
1024
1025	USE grid_variables, &
1026	ONLY: dx, dy
1027
1028	USE indices, &
1029	ONLY: wall_flags_0
1030
1031	USE statistics, &
1032	ONLY: weight_substep
1033
1034	USE pmc_interface, &
1035	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
1036
1037
1038	IMPLICIT NONE
1039
1040	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
1041	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1042	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1043
1044	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg !< wheighted subtimestep
1045	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor_l !< local mass flux correction factor
1046	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow !< mass flux through lateral boundary
1047	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow_l !< local mass flux through lateral boundary
1048
1049	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg,5) :: dist_xz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
1050	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,5) :: dist_yz !< imposed disturbances at left/right boundary
1051
1052
1053	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
1054
1055	!
1056	!-- Calculate time step which is needed for filter functions
1057	dt_stg = dt_3d * weight_substep(intermediate_timestep_count)
1058
1059	!
1060	!-- Initial value of fu, fv, fw
1061	IF ( simulated_time == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. velocity_seed_initialized ) THEN
1062	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_left )
1063	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_left )
1064	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_left )
1065
1066	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1067	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1068	!
1069	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1070	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_right )
1071	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_right )
1072	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_right )
1073	!
1074	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1075	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_north )
1076	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_north )
1077	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_north )
1078	!
1079	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1080	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_south )
1081	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_south )
1082	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_south )
1083	ENDIF
1084	velocity_seed_initialized = .TRUE.
1085	ENDIF
1086	!
1087	!-- New set of fu, fv, fw
1088	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_left )
1089	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_left )
1090	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_left )
1091
1092	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1093	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1094	!
1095	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1096	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_right )
1097	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_right )
1098	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_right )
1099	!
1100	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1101	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_north )
1102	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_north )
1103	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_north )
1104	!
1105	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1106	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_south )
1107	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_south )
1108	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_south )
1109	ENDIF
1110	!
1111	!-- Turbulence generation at left and or right boundary
1112	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1113
1114	DO j = nysg, nyng
1115	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1116	!
1117	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1118	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1119	fu_yz(k,j) = fuo_yz(k,j)
1120	ELSE
1121	fu_yz(k,j) = fu_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1122	fuo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1123	ENDIF
1124
1125	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1126	fv_yz(k,j) = fvo_yz(k,j)
1127	ELSE
1128	fv_yz(k,j) = fv_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1129	fvo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1130	ENDIF
1131
1132	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1133	fw_yz(k,j) = fwo_yz(k,j)
1134	ELSE
1135	fw_yz(k,j) = fw_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1136	fwo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1137	ENDIF
1138	!
1139	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1140	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1141	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1142	dist_yz(k,j,1) = 0.0_wp
1143	dist_yz(k,j,2) = 0.0_wp
1144	dist_yz(k,j,3) = 0.0_wp
1145	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1146	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1147	ELSE
1148	dist_yz(k,j,1) = a11(k) * fu_yz(k,j)
1149	!experimental test of 1.2
1150	dist_yz(k,j,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1151	* 1.2_wp ) &
1152	* ( a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1153	+ a22(k) * fv_yz(k,j) )
1154	dist_yz(k,j,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1155	* 1.3_wp ) &
1156	* ( a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1157	+ a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) &
1158	+ a33(k) * fw_yz(k,j) )
1159	! Calculation for pt and e not yet implemented
1160	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1161	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1162	ENDIF
1163
1164	ENDDO
1165	ENDDO
1166
1167	!
1168	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1169	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1170	!-- inflow boundary
1171	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
1172	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1173	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1174	DO j = nys, nyn
1175	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1176	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + dzw(k) * &
1177	( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) )
1178	ENDDO
1179	ENDDO
1180
1181	#if defined( __parallel )
1182	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1183	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1184	#else
1185	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1186	#endif
1187
1188	mc_factor = volume_flow_initial(1) / mc_factor
1189
1190	!
1191	!-- Add disturbance at the inflow
1192	DO j = nysg, nyng
1193	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1194	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + &
1195	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1196	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) + &
1197	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1198	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = dist_yz(k,j,3) * mc_factor
1199	ENDDO
1200	ENDDO
1201
1202	ELSE
1203	!
1204	!-- First, calculate volume flow at yz boundary
1205	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
1206	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
1207
1208	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1209	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1210	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1211	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1212	DO j = nys, nyn
1213	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1214	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy &
1215	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1216	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1217
1218	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( u(k,j,i) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1219	* dzw(k) * dy &
1220	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1221	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1222	ENDDO
1223	ENDDO
1224	#if defined( __parallel )
1225	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1226	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1227	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1228	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1229	#else
1230	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1231	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1232	#endif
1233
1234	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1235
1236	!
1237	!-- Add disturbances
1238	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) THEN
1239
1240	DO j = nysg, nyng
1241	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1242	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1243	* mc_factor
1244	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
1245	* mc_factor
1246	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
1247	* mc_factor
1248	ENDDO
1249	ENDDO
1250	ENDIF
1251	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1252
1253	DO j = nysg, nyng
1254	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1255	u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1256	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1257	v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1258	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1259	w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1260	dist_yz(k,j,3) ) * mc_factor
1261	ENDDO
1262	ENDDO
1263	ENDIF
1264	ENDIF
1265
1266	ENDIF
1267	!
1268	!-- Turbulence generation at north and south boundary
1269	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north .OR. myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1270
1271	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1272	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1273	!
1274	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1275	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1276	fu_xz(k,i) = fuo_xz(k,i)
1277	ELSE
1278	fu_xz(k,i) = fu_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1279	fuo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1280	ENDIF
1281
1282	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1283	fv_xz(k,i) = fvo_xz(k,i)
1284	ELSE
1285	fv_xz(k,i) = fv_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1286	fvo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1287	ENDIF
1288
1289	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1290	fw_xz(k,i) = fwo_xz(k,i)
1291	ELSE
1292	fw_xz(k,i) = fw_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1293	fwo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1294	ENDIF
1295	!
1296	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1297	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1298	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1299	dist_xz(k,i,1) = 0.0_wp
1300	dist_xz(k,i,2) = 0.0_wp
1301	dist_xz(k,i,3) = 0.0_wp
1302
1303	ELSE
1304	dist_xz(k,i,1) = a11(k) * fu_xz(k,i)
1305	!experimental test of 1.2
1306	dist_xz(k,i,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1307	* 1.2_wp ) &
1308	* ( a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1309	+ a22(k) * fv_xz(k,i) )
1310	dist_xz(k,i,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1311	* 1.3_wp ) &
1312	* ( a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1313	+ a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) &
1314	+ a33(k) * fw_xz(k,i) )
1315	ENDIF
1316
1317	ENDDO
1318	ENDDO
1319	!
1320	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1321	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1322	!-- inflow boundary.
1323	!-- First, calculate volume flow at xz boundary
1324	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
1325	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
1326
1327	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1328	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1329	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1330	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1331	DO i = nxl, nxr
1332	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1333	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx &
1334	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1335	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1336
1337	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( v(k,j,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1338	* dzw(k) * dx &
1339	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1340	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1341	ENDDO
1342	ENDDO
1343	#if defined( __parallel )
1344	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1345	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1346	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1347	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1348	#else
1349	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1350	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1351	#endif
1352
1353	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1354
1355	!
1356	!-- Add disturbances
1357	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1358
1359	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1360	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1361	u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
1362	* mc_factor
1363	v(k,-nbgp:0,i) = ( v(k,-nbgp:0,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1364	* mc_factor
1365	w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
1366	* mc_factor
1367	ENDDO
1368	ENDDO
1369	ENDIF
1370	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
1371
1372	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1373	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1374	u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1375	dist_xz(k,i,1) ) * mc_factor
1376	v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1377	dist_xz(k,i,2) ) * mc_factor
1378	w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1379	dist_xz(k,i,3) ) * mc_factor
1380	ENDDO
1381	ENDDO
1382	ENDIF
1383	ENDIF
1384
1385	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
1386
1387	END SUBROUTINE stg_main
1388
1389	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1390	! Description:
1391	! ------------
1392	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1393	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1394	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in x-direction and
1395	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1396	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1397	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1398	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz( n_y, n_z, b_y, b_z, f_n, id )
1399
1400
1401	USE indices, &
1402	ONLY: ny
1403
1404	IMPLICIT NONE
1405
1406	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1407	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1408	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< loop index in y-direction
1409	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1410	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1411	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1412
1413	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y !< length scale in y-direction
1414	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1415	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y2 !< n_y*2
1416	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1417
1418	REAL(wp) :: nyz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in yz-slice
1419	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1420	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1421
1422	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_y !< filter func in y-dir
1423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1424	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1425	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1426	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1427
1428
1429	!
1430	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1431	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1432	!-- unit variance.
1433	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:ny+mergp) )
1434
1435	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1436	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1437	nyz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( ny+1 ), KIND=wp )
1438
1439	DO j = 0, ny
1440	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1441	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,j) )
1442	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,j)
1443	ENDDO
1444	ENDDO
1445
1446	rand_av = rand_av * nyz_inv
1447
1448	DO j = 0, ny
1449	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1450	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) - rand_av
1451	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,j) ** 2
1452	ENDDO
1453	ENDDO
1454
1455	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nyz_inv)
1456
1457	DO j = 0, ny
1458	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1459	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) * rand_sigma_inv
1460	ENDDO
1461	ENDDO
1462
1463	!
1464	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1465	DO j = 0, ny
1466	DO k = 1, mergp
1467	rand_it(nzb -k,j) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,j) ! bottom margin
1468	rand_it(nzt+1+k,j) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,j) ! top margin
1469	ENDDO
1470	ENDDO
1471	DO j = 1, mergp
1472	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1473	rand_it(k, -j) = rand_it(k,ny-j+1) ! south margin
1474	rand_it(k,ny+j) = rand_it(k, j-1) ! north margin
1475	ENDDO
1476	ENDDO
1477
1478	!
1479	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1480	n_y2 = n_y * 2
1481	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1482	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1483
1484	DO j = nysg, nyng
1485	DO k = nzb_x_stg, nzt_x_stg+1
1486	DO jj = -n_y2(k), n_y2(k)
1487	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1488	f_n_l(k,j) = f_n_l(k,j) &
1489	+ b_y(jj,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,j+jj)
1490	ENDDO
1491	ENDDO
1492	ENDDO
1493	ENDDO
1494
1495	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1496	!
1497	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1498	send_count = nzt_x_stg - nzb_x_stg + 1
1499	IF ( nzt_x_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1500
1501	#if defined( __parallel )
1502	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_x_stg,nysg), send_count, stg_type_yz_small, &
1503	f_n(nzb+1,nysg), recv_count_yz, displs_yz, stg_type_yz, &
1504	id, comm1dx, ierr )
1505	#else
1506	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) = f_n_l(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng)
1507	#endif
1508
1509
1510	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1516	! Description:
1517	! ------------
1518	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1519	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1520	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in y-direction and
1521	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1522	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1523	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1524	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz( n_x, n_z, b_x, b_z, f_n, id )
1525
1526
1527	USE indices, &
1528	ONLY: nx
1529
1530
1531	IMPLICIT NONE
1532
1533	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1534	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
1535	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop index in x-direction
1536	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1537	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1538	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1539
1540	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x !< length scale in x-direction
1541	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1542	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x2 !< n_y*2
1543	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1544
1545	REAL(wp) :: nxz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in xz-slice
1546	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1547	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1548
1549	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_x !< filter func in y-dir
1550	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1551	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1552	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1553	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1554
1555
1556	!
1557	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1558	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1559	!-- unit variance.
1560	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:nx+mergp) )
1561
1562	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1563	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1564	nxz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( nx+1 ), KIND=wp )
1565
1566	DO i = 0, nx
1567	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1568	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,i) )
1569	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,i)
1570	ENDDO
1571	ENDDO
1572
1573	rand_av = rand_av * nxz_inv
1574
1575	DO i = 0, nx
1576	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1577	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) - rand_av
1578	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,i) ** 2
1579	ENDDO
1580	ENDDO
1581
1582	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nxz_inv)
1583
1584	DO i = 0, nx
1585	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1586	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) * rand_sigma_inv
1587	ENDDO
1588	ENDDO
1589
1590	!
1591	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1592	DO i = 0, nx
1593	DO k = 1, mergp
1594	rand_it(nzb-k,i) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,i) ! bottom margin
1595	rand_it(nzt+1+k,i) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,i) ! top margin
1596	ENDDO
1597	ENDDO
1598	DO i = 1, mergp
1599	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1600	rand_it(k,-i) = rand_it(k,nx-i+1) ! left margin
1601	rand_it(k,nx+i) = rand_it(k,i-1) ! right margin
1602	ENDDO
1603	ENDDO
1604
1605	!
1606	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1607	n_x2 = n_x * 2
1608	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1609	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1610
1611	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1612	DO k = nzb_y_stg, nzt_y_stg+1
1613	DO ii = -n_x2(k), n_x2(k)
1614	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1615	f_n_l(k,i) = f_n_l(k,i) &
1616	+ b_x(ii,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,i+ii)
1617	ENDDO
1618	ENDDO
1619	ENDDO
1620	ENDDO
1621
1622	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1623
1624	!
1625	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1626	send_count = nzt_y_stg - nzb_y_stg + 1
1627	IF ( nzt_y_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1628
1629
1630	#if defined( __parallel )
1631	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_y_stg,nxlg), send_count, stg_type_xz_small, &
1632	f_n(nzb+1,nxlg), recv_count_xz, displs_xz, stg_type_xz, &
1633	id, comm1dy, ierr )
1634	#else
1635	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) = f_n_l(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg)
1636	#endif
1637
1638
1639	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz
1640
1641	END MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod

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