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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 @ 3022

Last change on this file since 3022 was 2967, checked in by raasch, 6 years ago
bugfix: missing parallel cpp-directives added
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 61.4 KB

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1	!> @synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 2967 2018-04-13 11:22:08Z suehring $
27	! bugfix: missing parallel cpp-directives added
28	!
29	! 2946 2018-04-04 17:01:23Z suehring
30	! Remove unused module load
31	!
32	! 2945 2018-04-04 16:27:14Z suehring
33	! - Bugfix in parallelization of synthetic turbulence generator in case the
34	! z-dimension is not an integral divisor of the number of processors along
35	! the x- and y-dimension
36	! - Revision in control mimic in case of RAN-LES nesting
37	!
38	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
39	! Apply turbulence generator at all non-cyclic lateral boundaries in case of
40	! realistic Inifor large-scale forcing or RANS-LES nesting
41	!
42	! 2936 2018-03-27 14:49:27Z suehring
43	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was found,
44	! reading of restart strings has been moved completely to read_restart_data_mod,
45	! redundant skipping function has been removed, stg_read/write_restart_data
46	! have been renamed to stg_r/wrd_global, stg_rrd_global is called in
47	! read_restart_data_mod now, flag syn_turb_gen_prerun and marker *** end stg
48	! *** have been removed (Giersch), strings and their respective lengths are
49	! written out and read now in case of restart runs to get rid of prescribed
50	! character lengths (Giersch), CASE DEFAULT was added if restart data is read
51	!
52	! 2841 2018-02-27 15:02:57Z suehring
53	! Bugfix: wrong placement of include 'mpif.h' corrected
54	!
55	! 2836 2018-02-26 13:40:05Z Giersch
56	! The variables synthetic_turbulence_generator and
57	! use_synthetic_turbulence_generator have been abbreviated + syn_turb_gen_prerun
58	! flag is used to define if module related parameters were outputted as restart
59	! data
60	!
61	! 2716 2017-12-29 16:35:59Z kanani
62	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
63	!
64	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
65	! Change in file header (GPL part)
66	!
67	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
68	! unit number for file containing turbulence generator data changed to 90
69	! bugfix: preprocessor directives added for MPI specific code
70	!
71	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
72	! Definition of a new function called stg_skip_global to skip module
73	! parameters during reading restart data
74	!
75	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
76	! stg_read_restart_data is called in stg_parin in the case of a restart run
77	!
78	! 2259 2017-06-08 09:09:11Z gronemeier
79	! Initial revision
80	!
81	!
82	!
83	! Authors:
84	! --------
85	! @author Tobias Gronemeier, Atsushi Inagaki, Micha Gryschka, Christoph Knigge
86	!
87	!
88	! Description:
89	! ------------
90	!> The module generates turbulence at the inflow boundary based on a method by
91	!> Xie and Castro (2008) utilizing a Lund rotation (Lund, 1998) and a mass-flux
92	!> correction by Kim et al. (2013).
93	!> The turbulence is correlated based on length scales in y- and z-direction and
94	!> a time scale for each velocity component. The profiles of length and time
95	!> scales, mean u, v, w, e and pt, and all components of the Reynolds stress
96	!> tensor are read from file STG_PROFILES.
97	!>
98	!> @todo test restart
99	!> enable cyclic_fill
100	!> implement turbulence generation for e and pt
101	!> @todo Input of height-constant length scales via namelist
102	!> @note <Enter notes on the module>
103	!> @bug Height information from input file is not used. Profiles from input
104	!> must match with current PALM grid.
105	!> Transformation of length scales to number of gridpoints does not
106	!> consider grid stretching.
107	!> In case of restart, velocity seeds differ from precursor run if a11,
108	!> a22, or a33 are zero.
109	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
110	MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod
111
112
113	USE arrays_3d, &
114	ONLY: mean_inflow_profiles, u, v, w
115
116	USE constants, &
117	ONLY: pi
118
119	USE control_parameters, &
120	ONLY: initializing_actions, message_string, syn_turb_gen
121
122	USE cpulog, &
123	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point, log_point_s
124
125	USE indices, &
126	ONLY: nbgp, nzb, nzt, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, nys, nyn, nyng, nysg
127
128	USE kinds
129
130	#if defined( __parallel ) && !defined( __mpifh )
131	USE MPI
132	#endif
133
134	USE pegrid, &
135	ONLY: comm1dx, comm1dy, comm2d, ierr, myidx, myidy, pdims
136
137	USE transpose_indices, &
138	ONLY: nzb_x, nzt_x
139
140
141	IMPLICIT NONE
142
143	#if defined( __parallel ) && defined( __mpifh )
144	INCLUDE "mpif.h"
145	#endif
146
147	LOGICAL :: velocity_seed_initialized = .FALSE. !< true after first call of stg_main
148	LOGICAL :: use_syn_turb_gen = .FALSE. !< switch to use synthetic turbulence generator
149
150	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_left !< left lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
151	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_north !< north lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
152	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_right !< right lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
153	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_south !< south lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
154	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz !< MPI type for full z range
155	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz_small !< MPI type for small z range
156	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz !< MPI type for full z range
157	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz_small !< MPI type for small z range
158	INTEGER(iwp) :: merg !< maximum length scale (in gp)
159	INTEGER(iwp) :: mergp !< merg + nbgp
160	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_x_stg !<
161	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_x_stg !<
162	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_y_stg !<
163	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_y_stg !<
164
165	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor !< mass flux correction factor
166
167	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_xz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
168	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_xz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
169	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_yz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
170	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_yz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
171	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nux !< length scale of u in x direction (in gp)
172	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuy !< length scale of u in y direction (in gp)
173	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuz !< length scale of u in z direction (in gp)
174	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvx !< length scale of v in x direction (in gp)
175	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvy !< length scale of v in y direction (in gp)
176	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvz !< length scale of v in z direction (in gp)
177	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwx !< length scale of w in x direction (in gp)
178	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwy !< length scale of w in y direction (in gp)
179	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwz !< length scale of w in z direction (in gp)
180
181	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: seed !< seed of random number for rn-generator
182
183	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a11 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
184	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a21 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
185	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a22 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
186	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a31 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
187	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a32 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
188	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a33 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
189	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tu !< Lagrangian time scale of u
190	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tv !< Lagrangian time scale of v
191	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tw !< Lagrangian time scale of w
192
193	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bux !< filter function for u in x direction
194	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buy !< filter function for u in y direction
195	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buz !< filter function for u in z direction
196	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvx !< filter function for v in x direction
197	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvy !< filter function for v in y direction
198	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvz !< filter function for v in z direction
199	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwx !< filter function for w in y direction
200	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwy !< filter function for w in y direction
201	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwz !< filter function for w in z direction
202	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane
203	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane with new random number
204	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane
205	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane with new random number
206	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane
207	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane with new random number
208	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane
209	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane with new random number
210	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane
211	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane with new random number
212	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane
213	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane with new random number
214
215
216	!
217	!-- PALM interfaces:
218	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
219	INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
220	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_check_parameters
221	END INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
222
223	!
224	!-- Calculate filter functions
225	INTERFACE stg_filter_func
226	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_filter_func
227	END INTERFACE stg_filter_func
228
229	!
230	!-- Generate velocity seeds at south and north domain boundary
231	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
232	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_xz
233	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
234	!
235	!-- Generate velocity seeds at left and/or right domain boundary
236	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
237	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_yz
238	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
239
240	!
241	!-- Output of information to the header file
242	INTERFACE stg_header
243	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_header
244	END INTERFACE stg_header
245
246	!
247	!-- Initialization actions
248	INTERFACE stg_init
249	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_init
250	END INTERFACE stg_init
251
252	!
253	!-- Main procedure of synth. turb. gen.
254	INTERFACE stg_main
255	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_main
256	END INTERFACE stg_main
257
258	!
259	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
260	INTERFACE stg_parin
261	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_parin
262	END INTERFACE stg_parin
263
264	!
265	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
266	INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
267	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_rrd_global
268	END INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
269
270	!
271	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs
272	INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
273	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_wrd_global
274	END INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
275
276	SAVE
277
278	PRIVATE
279
280	!
281	!-- Public interfaces
282	PUBLIC stg_check_parameters, stg_header, stg_init, stg_main, stg_parin, &
283	stg_wrd_global, stg_rrd_global
284
285	!
286	!-- Public variables
287	PUBLIC id_stg_left, id_stg_north, id_stg_right, id_stg_south, &
288	use_syn_turb_gen
289
290
291	CONTAINS
292
293
294	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
295	! Description:
296	! ------------
297	!> Check parameters routine for synthetic turbulence generator
298	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
299	SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
300
301
302	USE control_parameters, &
303	ONLY: bc_lr, bc_ns, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode, turbulent_inflow
304
305	USE pmc_interface, &
306	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
307
308
309	IMPLICIT NONE
310
311	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. forcing ) THEN
312	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
313	'when forcing is used and model operates in LES mode.'
314	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
315	ENDIF
316
317	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. nest_domain &
318	.AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
319	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
320	'when nesting is applied and parent operates in ' // &
321	'RANS-mode but current child in LES mode.'
322	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
323	ENDIF
324
325	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
326
327	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
328
329	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles' ) == 0 &
330	.AND. INDEX( initializing_actions, 'read_restart_data' ) == 0 ) THEN
331	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
332	'requires &initializing_actions = ' // &
333	'"set_constant_profiles" or "read_restart_data"'
334	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0015', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
335	ENDIF
336
337	IF ( bc_lr /= 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
338	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
339	'requires &bc_lr = "dirichlet/radiation"'
340	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0035', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
341	ENDIF
342	IF ( bc_ns /= 'cyclic' ) THEN
343	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
344	'requires &bc_ns = "cyclic"'
345	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0037', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
346	ENDIF
347
348	ENDIF
349
350	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
351	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
352	'in combination &with turbulent_inflow = .T. '// &
353	'is not allowed'
354	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0039', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
355	ENDIF
356
357	ENDIF
358
359	END SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
360
361
362	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
363	! Description:
364	! ------------
365	!> Header output for synthetic turbulence generator
366	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
367	SUBROUTINE stg_header ( io )
368
369
370	IMPLICIT NONE
371
372	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
373
374	!
375	!-- Write synthetic turbulence generator Header
376	WRITE( io, 1 )
377	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
378	WRITE( io, 2 )
379	ELSE
380	WRITE( io, 3 )
381	ENDIF
382
383	1 FORMAT (//' Synthetic turbulence generator information:'/ &
384	' ------------------------------------------'/)
385	2 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched on')
386	3 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched off')
387
388	END SUBROUTINE stg_header
389
390
391	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
392	! Description:
393	! ------------
394	!> Initialization of the synthetic turbulence generator
395	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
396	SUBROUTINE stg_init
397
398
399	USE arrays_3d, &
400	ONLY: ddzw, u_init, v_init, zu
401
402	USE control_parameters, &
403	ONLY: coupling_char, dz, e_init, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode
404
405	USE grid_variables, &
406	ONLY: ddx, ddy
407
408	USE indices, &
409	ONLY: nz
410
411	USE pmc_interface, &
412	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
413
414
415	IMPLICIT NONE
416
417	LOGICAL :: file_stg_exist = .FALSE. !< flag indication whether parameter file for Reynolds stress and length scales exist
418
419	#if defined( __parallel )
420	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: extent !< extent of new MPI type
421	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: tob=0 !< dummy variable
422	#endif
423
424	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !> grid index in x-direction
425	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !> loop index
426	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index
427	INTEGER(iwp) :: newtype !< dummy MPI type
428	INTEGER(iwp) :: realsize !< size of REAL variables
429	INTEGER(iwp) :: nseed !< dimension of random number seed
430	INTEGER(iwp) :: startseed = 1234567890 !< start seed for random number generator
431
432	!
433	!-- Dummy variables used for reading profiles
434	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< u profile
435	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< v profile
436	REAL(wp) :: d3 !< w profile
437	REAL(wp) :: d5 !< e profile
438	REAL(wp) :: d11 !< vertical interpolation for a11
439	REAL(wp) :: d21 !< vertical interpolation for a21
440	REAL(wp) :: d22 !< vertical interpolation for a22
441	REAL(wp) :: dum_exp !< dummy variable used for exponential vertical decrease of turbulent length scales
442	REAL(wp) :: luy !< length scale for u in y direction
443	REAL(wp) :: luz !< length scale for u in z direction
444	REAL(wp) :: lvy !< length scale for v in y direction
445	REAL(wp) :: lvz !< length scale for v in z direction
446	REAL(wp) :: lwy !< length scale for w in y direction
447	REAL(wp) :: lwz !< length scale for w in z direction
448	REAL(wp) :: nnz !< increment used to determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x and y direction
449	REAL(wp) :: zz !< height
450
451	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_surface, r_ii_0, time_scale, length_scale_z
452
453	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r11 !< Reynolds parameter
454	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r21 !< Reynolds parameter
455	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r22 !< Reynolds parameter
456	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r31 !< Reynolds parameter
457	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r32 !< Reynolds parameter
458	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r33 !< Reynolds parameter
459
460
461	#if defined( __parallel )
462	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
463	#endif
464
465	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
466
467	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( mean_inflow_profiles ) ) &
468	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
469
470	ALLOCATE ( a11(nzb:nzt+1), a21(nzb:nzt+1), a22(nzb:nzt+1), &
471	a31(nzb:nzt+1), a32(nzb:nzt+1), a33(nzb:nzt+1), &
472	nux(nzb:nzt+1), nuy(nzb:nzt+1), nuz(nzb:nzt+1), &
473	nvx(nzb:nzt+1), nvy(nzb:nzt+1), nvz(nzb:nzt+1), &
474	nwx(nzb:nzt+1), nwy(nzb:nzt+1), nwz(nzb:nzt+1), &
475	tu(nzb:nzt+1), tv(nzb:nzt+1), tw(nzb:nzt+1) )
476
477	#if defined( __parallel )
478	!
479	!-- Determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x- and y-direction
480	nnz = nz / pdims(1)
481	nzb_x_stg = 1 + myidx * INT( nnz )
482	nzt_x_stg = ( myidx + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
483
484	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(1) ) /= 0 .AND. myidx == id_stg_right ) &
485	nzt_x_stg = nzt_x_stg + myidx * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
486	! nzt_x_stg = myidx * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(1) )
487
488	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
489	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
490	nnz = nz / pdims(2)
491	nzb_y_stg = 1 + myidy * INT( nnz )
492	nzt_y_stg = ( myidy + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
493
494	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(2) ) /= 0 .AND. myidy == id_stg_north ) &
495	nzt_y_stg = nzt_y_stg + myidy * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
496	! nzt_y_stg = myidy * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(2) )
497	ENDIF
498
499	!
500	!-- Define MPI type used in stg_generate_seed_yz to gather vertical splitted
501	!-- velocity seeds
502	CALL MPI_TYPE_SIZE( MPI_REAL, realsize, ierr )
503	extent = 1 * realsize
504	!
505	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at yz
506	!-- layer
507	!-- stg_type_yz: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
508	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
509	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
510	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz, ierr )
511	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz, ierr )
512	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
513
514	! stg_type_yz_small: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
515	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
516	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
517	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
518	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
519	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
520
521	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
522	ALLOCATE( recv_count_yz(pdims(1)), displs_yz(pdims(1)) )
523
524	recv_count_yz = nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg + 1
525	recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) = recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) + 1
526
527	DO j = 1, pdims(1)
528	displs_yz(j) = 0 + (nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+1) * (j-1)
529	ENDDO
530	!
531	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at xz
532	!-- layer
533	!-- stg_type_xz: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
534	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
535	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
536	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
537	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
538	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz, ierr )
539	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz, ierr )
540	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
541
542	! stg_type_yz_small: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
543	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
544	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
545	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
546	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
547	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
548
549	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
550	ALLOCATE( recv_count_xz(pdims(2)), displs_xz(pdims(2)) )
551
552	recv_count_xz = nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg + 1
553	recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) = recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) + 1
554
555	DO j = 1, pdims(2)
556	displs_xz(j) = 0 + (nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+1) * (j-1)
557	ENDDO
558
559	ENDIF
560
561	#endif
562	!
563	!-- Define seed of random number
564	CALL RANDOM_SEED()
565	CALL RANDOM_SEED( size=nseed )
566	ALLOCATE( seed(1:nseed) )
567	DO j = 1, nseed
568	seed(j) = startseed + j
569	ENDDO
570	CALL RANDOM_SEED(put=seed)
571
572	!-- Read inflow profile
573	!-- Height levels of profiles in input profile is as follows:
574	!-- zu: luy, luz, tu, lvy, lvz, tv, r11, r21, r22, d1, d2, d5
575	!-- zw: lwy, lwz, tw, r31, r32, r33, d3
576	!-- WARNING: zz is not used at the moment
577	INQUIRE( FILE = 'STG_PROFILES' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
578	EXIST = file_stg_exist )
579
580	IF ( file_stg_exist ) THEN
581
582	OPEN( 90, FILE='STG_PROFILES'//TRIM( coupling_char ), STATUS='OLD', &
583	FORM='FORMATTED')
584	!
585	!-- Skip header
586	READ( 90, * )
587
588	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
589	READ( 90, * ) zz, luy, luz, tu(k), lvy, lvz, tv(k), lwy, lwz, tw(k), &
590	r11(k), r21(k), r22(k), r31(k), r32(k), r33(k), &
591	d1, d2, d3, d5
592
593	!
594	!-- Convert length scales from meter to number of grid points
595	nuy(k) = INT( luy * ddy )
596	nuz(k) = INT( luz / dz )
597	nvy(k) = INT( lvy * ddy )
598	nvz(k) = INT( lvz / dz )
599	nwy(k) = INT( lwy * ddy )
600	nwz(k) = INT( lwz / dz )
601	!
602	!-- Workaround, assume isotropic turbulence
603	nwx(k) = nwy(k)
604	nvx(k) = nvy(k)
605	nux(k) = nuy(k)
606	!
607	!-- Save Mean inflow profiles
608	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
609	mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) = d1
610	mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) = d2
611	! mean_inflow_profiles(k,4) = d4
612	mean_inflow_profiles(k,5) = d5
613	ENDIF
614	ENDDO
615
616	CLOSE( 90 )
617
618	ELSE
619	!
620	!-- Set-up defaul length scales. Assume exponentially decreasing length
621	!-- scales and isotropic turbulence.
622	!-- Typical length (time) scales of 100 m (s) should be a good compromise
623	!-- between all stratrifications. Near-surface variances are fixed to
624	!-- 0.1 m2/s2, vertical fluxes are one order of magnitude smaller.
625	!-- Vertical fluxes
626	length_scale_surface = 100.0_wp
627	r_ii_0 = 0.1_wp
628	time_scale = 100.0_wp
629	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
630	dum_exp = MERGE( -zu(k) / ( 0.3* zu(nzt) ), &
631	0.0_wp, &
632	zu(k) > 0.3 * zu(nzt) &
633	)
634	length_scale_z = length_scale_surface * EXP( dum_exp )
635
636	nux(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
637	nuy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
638	nuz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
639	nvx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
640	nvy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
641	nvz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
642	nwx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
643	nwy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
644	nwz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
645
646	r11(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
647	r22(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
648	r33(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
649
650	r21(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
651	r31(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
652	r32(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
653
654	tu(k) = time_scale
655	tv(k) = time_scale
656	tw(k) = time_scale
657
658	ENDDO
659	nux(nzb) = nux(nzb+1)
660	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
661	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
662	nvx(nzb) = nvx(nzb+1)
663	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
664	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
665	nwx(nzb) = nwx(nzb+1)
666	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
667	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
668
669	r11(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
670	r22(nzb) = r22(nzb+1)
671	r33(nzb) = r33(nzb+1)
672
673	r21(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
674	r31(nzb) = r31(nzb+1)
675	r32(nzb) = r32(nzb+1)
676
677	tu(nzb) = time_scale
678	tv(nzb) = time_scale
679	tw(nzb) = time_scale
680
681	ENDIF
682
683	!
684	!-- Assign initial profiles
685	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
686	u_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,1)
687	v_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,2)
688	!pt_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,4)
689	e_init = MAXVAL( mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) )
690	ENDIF
691	!
692	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor (Lund rotation)
693	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
694	IF ( r11(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
695	a11(k) = SQRT( r11(k) )
696	a21(k) = r21(k) / a11(k)
697	ELSE
698	a11(k) = 0.0_wp
699	a21(k) = 0.0_wp
700	ENDIF
701
702	a22(k) = r22(k) - a21(k)**2
703	IF ( a22(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
704	a22(k) = SQRT( a22(k) )
705	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - a21(k) * a31(k) ) / a22(k)
706	ELSE
707	a22(k) = 0.0_wp
708	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
709	ENDIF
710
711	!
712	!-- a31, a32, a33 must be calculated with interpolated a11, a21, a22 (d11,
713	!-- d21, d22) because of different vertical grid
714	IF ( k .le. nzt ) THEN
715	d11 = 0.5_wp * ( r11(k) + r11(k+1) )
716	IF ( d11 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
717	d11 = SQRT( d11 )
718	d21 = ( 0.5_wp * ( r21(k) + r21(k+1) ) ) / d11
719	a31(k) = r31(k) / d11
720	ELSE
721	d21 = 0.0_wp
722	a31(k) = 0.0_wp
723	ENDIF
724
725	d22 = 0.5_wp * ( r22(k) + r22(k+1) ) - d21 ** 2
726	IF ( d22 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
727	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - d21 * a31(k) ) / SQRT( d22 )
728	ELSE
729	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
730	ENDIF
731
732	a33(k) = r33(k) - a31(k) 2 - a32(k) 2
733	IF ( a33(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
734	a33(k) = SQRT( a33(k) )
735	ELSE
736	a33(k) = 0.0_wp
737	ENDIF
738	ELSE
739	a31(k) = a31(k-1)
740	a32(k) = a32(k-1)
741	a33(k) = a33(k-1)
742	ENDIF
743
744	ENDDO
745	!
746	!-- Define the size of the filter functions and allocate them.
747	merg = 0
748
749	! arrays must be large enough to cover the largest length scale
750	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
751	j = MAX( ABS(nux(k)), ABS(nuy(k)), ABS(nuz(k)), &
752	ABS(nvx(k)), ABS(nvy(k)), ABS(nvz(k)), &
753	ABS(nwx(k)), ABS(nwy(k)), ABS(nwz(k)) )
754	IF ( j > merg ) merg = j
755	ENDDO
756
757	merg = 2 * merg
758	mergp = merg + nbgp
759
760	ALLOCATE ( bux(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
761	buy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
762	buz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
763	bvx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
764	bvy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
765	bvz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
766	bwx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
767	bwy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
768	bwz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) )
769
770	!
771	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at xz-layer
772	ALLOCATE ( fu_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fuo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
773	fv_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fvo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
774	fw_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fwo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
775
776	!
777	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at yz-layer
778	ALLOCATE ( fu_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fuo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
779	fv_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fvo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
780	fw_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fwo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
781
782	fu_xz = 0.0_wp
783	fuo_xz = 0.0_wp
784	fv_xz = 0.0_wp
785	fvo_xz = 0.0_wp
786	fw_xz = 0.0_wp
787	fwo_xz = 0.0_wp
788
789	fu_yz = 0.0_wp
790	fuo_yz = 0.0_wp
791	fv_yz = 0.0_wp
792	fvo_yz = 0.0_wp
793	fw_yz = 0.0_wp
794	fwo_yz = 0.0_wp
795
796	!
797	!-- Create filter functions
798	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
799	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
800	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
801	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
802	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
803	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
804	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
805	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
806	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
807
808	#if defined( __parallel )
809	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
810	#endif
811
812	!
813	!-- In case of restart, calculate velocity seeds fu, fv, fw from former
814	! time step.
815	! Bug: fu, fv, fw are different in those heights where a11, a22, a33
816	! are 0 compared to the prerun. This is mostly for k=nzt+1.
817	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
818	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
819
820	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = -1
821	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
822
823	DO j = nysg, nyng
824	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
825
826	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
827	fu_yz(k,j) = ( u(k,j,i) / mc_factor - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
828	ELSE
829	fu_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
830	ENDIF
831
832	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
833	fv_yz(k,j) = ( v(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
834	v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
835	ELSE
836	fv_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
837	ENDIF
838
839	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
840	fw_yz(k,j) = ( w(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
841	a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) ) / a33(k)
842	ELSE
843	fw_yz = 0._wp
844	ENDIF
845
846	ENDDO
847	ENDDO
848	ENDIF
849	ENDIF
850
851	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
852
853	END SUBROUTINE stg_init
854
855
856	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
857	! Description:
858	! ------------
859	!> Calculate filter function bxx from length scale nxx following Eg.9 and 10
860	!> (Xie and Castro, 2008)
861	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
862	SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func( nxx, bxx )
863
864
865	IMPLICIT NONE
866
867	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
868	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k !< length scale nXX in height k
869	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k2 !< n_k * 2
870	INTEGER(iwp) :: nf !< index for length scales
871
872	REAL(wp) :: bdenom !< denominator for filter functions bXX
873	REAL(wp) :: qsi = 1.0_wp !< minimization factor
874
875	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:) :: nxx(nzb:nzt+1) !< length scale (in gp)
876
877	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) :: bxx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) !< filter function
878
879
880	bxx = 0.0_wp
881
882	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
883	bdenom = 0.0_wp
884	n_k = nxx(k)
885	IF ( n_k /= 0 ) THEN
886	n_k2 = n_k * 2
887
888	!
889	!-- ( Eq.10 )^2
890	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
891	bdenom = bdenom + EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k )**2
892	ENDDO
893
894	!
895	!-- ( Eq.9 )
896	bdenom = SQRT( bdenom )
897	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
898	bxx(nf,k) = EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k ) / bdenom
899	ENDDO
900	ENDIF
901	ENDDO
902
903	END SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func
904
905
906	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
907	! Description:
908	! ------------
909	!> Parin for &stg_par for synthetic turbulence generator
910	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
911	SUBROUTINE stg_parin
912
913
914	IMPLICIT NONE
915
916	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
917
918
919	NAMELIST /stg_par/ use_syn_turb_gen
920
921	line = ' '
922
923	!
924	!-- Try to find stg package
925	REWIND ( 11 )
926	line = ' '
927	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&stg_par' ) == 0 )
928	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
929	ENDDO
930	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
931
932	!
933	!-- Read namelist
934	READ ( 11, stg_par )
935
936	!
937	!-- Set flag that indicates that the synthetic turbulence generator is switched
938	!-- on
939	syn_turb_gen = .TRUE.
940
941
942	10 CONTINUE
943
944	END SUBROUTINE stg_parin
945
946
947	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
948	! Description:
949	! ------------
950	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
951	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
952	SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global( found )
953
954
955	USE control_parameters, &
956	ONLY: length, restart_string
957
958
959	IMPLICIT NONE
960
961	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
962
963
964	found = .TRUE.
965
966
967	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
968
969	CASE ( 'mc_factor' )
970	READ ( 13 ) mc_factor
971	CASE ( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
972	READ ( 13 ) use_syn_turb_gen
973
974	CASE DEFAULT
975
976	found = .FALSE.
977
978	END SELECT
979
980
981	END SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global
982
983
984	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
985	! Description:
986	! ------------
987	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
988	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
989	SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
990
991
992	IMPLICIT NONE
993
994	CALL wrd_write_string( 'mc_factor' )
995	WRITE ( 14 ) mc_factor
996
997	CALL wrd_write_string( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
998	WRITE ( 14 ) use_syn_turb_gen
999
1000
1001	END SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
1002
1003
1004	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1005	! Description:
1006	! ------------
1007	!> Create turbulent inflow fields for u, v, w with prescribed length scales and
1008	!> Reynolds stress tensor after a method of Xie and Castro (2008), modified
1009	!> following suggestions of Kim et al. (2013), and using a Lund rotation
1010	!> (Lund, 1998).
1011	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1012	SUBROUTINE stg_main
1013
1014
1015	USE arrays_3d, &
1016	ONLY: dzw
1017
1018	USE control_parameters, &
1019	ONLY: dt_3d, forcing, intermediate_timestep_count, nest_domain, &
1020	rans_mode, simulated_time, volume_flow_initial
1021
1022	USE grid_variables, &
1023	ONLY: dx, dy
1024
1025	USE indices, &
1026	ONLY: wall_flags_0
1027
1028	USE statistics, &
1029	ONLY: weight_substep
1030
1031	USE pmc_interface, &
1032	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
1033
1034
1035	IMPLICIT NONE
1036
1037	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
1038	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1039	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1040
1041	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg !< wheighted subtimestep
1042	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor_l !< local mass flux correction factor
1043	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow !< mass flux through lateral boundary
1044	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow_l !< local mass flux through lateral boundary
1045
1046	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg,5) :: dist_xz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
1047	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,5) :: dist_yz !< imposed disturbances at left/right boundary
1048
1049
1050	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
1051
1052	!
1053	!-- Calculate time step which is needed for filter functions
1054	dt_stg = dt_3d * weight_substep(intermediate_timestep_count)
1055
1056	!
1057	!-- Initial value of fu, fv, fw
1058	IF ( simulated_time == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. velocity_seed_initialized ) THEN
1059	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_left )
1060	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_left )
1061	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_left )
1062
1063	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1064	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1065	!
1066	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1067	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_right )
1068	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_right )
1069	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_right )
1070	!
1071	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1072	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_north )
1073	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_north )
1074	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_north )
1075	!
1076	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1077	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_south )
1078	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_south )
1079	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_south )
1080	ENDIF
1081	velocity_seed_initialized = .TRUE.
1082	ENDIF
1083	!
1084	!-- New set of fu, fv, fw
1085	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_left )
1086	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_left )
1087	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_left )
1088
1089	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1090	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1091	!
1092	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1093	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_right )
1094	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_right )
1095	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_right )
1096	!
1097	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1098	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_north )
1099	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_north )
1100	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_north )
1101	!
1102	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1103	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_south )
1104	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_south )
1105	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_south )
1106	ENDIF
1107	!
1108	!-- Turbulence generation at left and or right boundary
1109	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1110
1111	DO j = nysg, nyng
1112	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1113	!
1114	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1115	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1116	fu_yz(k,j) = fuo_yz(k,j)
1117	ELSE
1118	fu_yz(k,j) = fu_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1119	fuo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1120	ENDIF
1121
1122	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1123	fv_yz(k,j) = fvo_yz(k,j)
1124	ELSE
1125	fv_yz(k,j) = fv_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1126	fvo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1127	ENDIF
1128
1129	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1130	fw_yz(k,j) = fwo_yz(k,j)
1131	ELSE
1132	fw_yz(k,j) = fw_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1133	fwo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1134	ENDIF
1135	!
1136	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1137	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1138	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1139	dist_yz(k,j,1) = 0.0_wp
1140	dist_yz(k,j,2) = 0.0_wp
1141	dist_yz(k,j,3) = 0.0_wp
1142	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1143	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1144	ELSE
1145	dist_yz(k,j,1) = a11(k) * fu_yz(k,j)
1146	!experimental test of 1.2
1147	dist_yz(k,j,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1148	* 1.2_wp ) &
1149	* ( a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1150	+ a22(k) * fv_yz(k,j) )
1151	dist_yz(k,j,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1152	* 1.3_wp ) &
1153	* ( a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1154	+ a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) &
1155	+ a33(k) * fw_yz(k,j) )
1156	! Calculation for pt and e not yet implemented
1157	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1158	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1159	ENDIF
1160
1161	ENDDO
1162	ENDDO
1163
1164	!
1165	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1166	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1167	!-- inflow boundary
1168	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
1169	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1170	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1171	DO j = nys, nyn
1172	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1173	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + dzw(k) * &
1174	( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) )
1175	ENDDO
1176	ENDDO
1177
1178	#if defined( __parallel )
1179	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1180	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1181	#else
1182	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1183	#endif
1184
1185	mc_factor = volume_flow_initial(1) / mc_factor
1186
1187	!
1188	!-- Add disturbance at the inflow
1189	DO j = nysg, nyng
1190	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1191	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + &
1192	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1193	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) + &
1194	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1195	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = dist_yz(k,j,3) * mc_factor
1196	ENDDO
1197	ENDDO
1198
1199	ELSE
1200	!
1201	!-- First, calculate volume flow at yz boundary
1202	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
1203	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
1204
1205	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1206	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1207	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1208	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1209	DO j = nys, nyn
1210	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1211	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy &
1212	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1213	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1214
1215	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( u(k,j,i) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1216	* dzw(k) * dy &
1217	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1218	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1219	ENDDO
1220	ENDDO
1221	#if defined( __parallel )
1222	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1223	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1224	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1225	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1226	#else
1227	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1228	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1229	#endif
1230
1231	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1232
1233	!
1234	!-- Add disturbances
1235	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) THEN
1236
1237	DO j = nysg, nyng
1238	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1239	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1240	* mc_factor
1241	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
1242	* mc_factor
1243	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
1244	* mc_factor
1245	ENDDO
1246	ENDDO
1247	ENDIF
1248	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1249
1250	DO j = nysg, nyng
1251	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1252	u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1253	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1254	v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1255	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1256	w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1257	dist_yz(k,j,3) ) * mc_factor
1258	ENDDO
1259	ENDDO
1260	ENDIF
1261	ENDIF
1262
1263	ENDIF
1264	!
1265	!-- Turbulence generation at north and south boundary
1266	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north .OR. myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1267
1268	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1269	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1270	!
1271	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1272	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1273	fu_xz(k,i) = fuo_xz(k,i)
1274	ELSE
1275	fu_xz(k,i) = fu_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1276	fuo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1277	ENDIF
1278
1279	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1280	fv_xz(k,i) = fvo_xz(k,i)
1281	ELSE
1282	fv_xz(k,i) = fv_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1283	fvo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1284	ENDIF
1285
1286	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1287	fw_xz(k,i) = fwo_xz(k,i)
1288	ELSE
1289	fw_xz(k,i) = fw_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1290	fwo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1291	ENDIF
1292	!
1293	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1294	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1295	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1296	dist_xz(k,i,1) = 0.0_wp
1297	dist_xz(k,i,2) = 0.0_wp
1298	dist_xz(k,i,3) = 0.0_wp
1299
1300	ELSE
1301	dist_xz(k,i,1) = a11(k) * fu_xz(k,i)
1302	!experimental test of 1.2
1303	dist_xz(k,i,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1304	* 1.2_wp ) &
1305	* ( a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1306	+ a22(k) * fv_xz(k,i) )
1307	dist_xz(k,i,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1308	* 1.3_wp ) &
1309	* ( a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1310	+ a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) &
1311	+ a33(k) * fw_xz(k,i) )
1312	ENDIF
1313
1314	ENDDO
1315	ENDDO
1316	!
1317	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1318	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1319	!-- inflow boundary.
1320	!-- First, calculate volume flow at xz boundary
1321	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
1322	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
1323
1324	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1325	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1326	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1327	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1328	DO i = nxl, nxr
1329	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1330	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx &
1331	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1332	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1333
1334	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( v(k,j,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1335	* dzw(k) * dx &
1336	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1337	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1338	ENDDO
1339	ENDDO
1340	#if defined( __parallel )
1341	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1342	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1343	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1344	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1345	#else
1346	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1347	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1348	#endif
1349
1350	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1351
1352	!
1353	!-- Add disturbances
1354	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1355
1356	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1357	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1358	u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
1359	* mc_factor
1360	v(k,-nbgp:0,i) = ( v(k,-nbgp:0,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1361	* mc_factor
1362	w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
1363	* mc_factor
1364	ENDDO
1365	ENDDO
1366	ENDIF
1367	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
1368
1369	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1370	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1371	u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1372	dist_xz(k,i,1) ) * mc_factor
1373	v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1374	dist_xz(k,i,2) ) * mc_factor
1375	w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1376	dist_xz(k,i,3) ) * mc_factor
1377	ENDDO
1378	ENDDO
1379	ENDIF
1380	ENDIF
1381
1382	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
1383
1384	END SUBROUTINE stg_main
1385
1386	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1387	! Description:
1388	! ------------
1389	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1390	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1391	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in x-direction and
1392	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1393	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1394	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1395	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz( n_y, n_z, b_y, b_z, f_n, id )
1396
1397
1398	USE indices, &
1399	ONLY: ny
1400
1401	IMPLICIT NONE
1402
1403	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1404	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1405	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< loop index in y-direction
1406	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1407	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1408	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1409
1410	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y !< length scale in y-direction
1411	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1412	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y2 !< n_y*2
1413	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1414
1415	REAL(wp) :: nyz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in yz-slice
1416	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1417	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1418
1419	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_y !< filter func in y-dir
1420	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1421	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1422	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1424
1425
1426	!
1427	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1428	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1429	!-- unit variance.
1430	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:ny+mergp) )
1431
1432	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1433	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1434	nyz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( ny+1 ), KIND=wp )
1435
1436	DO j = 0, ny
1437	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1438	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,j) )
1439	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,j)
1440	ENDDO
1441	ENDDO
1442
1443	rand_av = rand_av * nyz_inv
1444
1445	DO j = 0, ny
1446	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1447	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) - rand_av
1448	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,j) ** 2
1449	ENDDO
1450	ENDDO
1451
1452	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nyz_inv)
1453
1454	DO j = 0, ny
1455	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1456	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) * rand_sigma_inv
1457	ENDDO
1458	ENDDO
1459
1460	!
1461	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1462	DO j = 0, ny
1463	DO k = 1, mergp
1464	rand_it(nzb -k,j) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,j) ! bottom margin
1465	rand_it(nzt+1+k,j) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,j) ! top margin
1466	ENDDO
1467	ENDDO
1468	DO j = 1, mergp
1469	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1470	rand_it(k, -j) = rand_it(k,ny-j+1) ! south margin
1471	rand_it(k,ny+j) = rand_it(k, j-1) ! north margin
1472	ENDDO
1473	ENDDO
1474
1475	!
1476	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1477	n_y2 = n_y * 2
1478	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1479	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1480
1481	DO j = nysg, nyng
1482	DO k = nzb_x_stg, nzt_x_stg+1
1483	DO jj = -n_y2(k), n_y2(k)
1484	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1485	f_n_l(k,j) = f_n_l(k,j) &
1486	+ b_y(jj,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,j+jj)
1487	ENDDO
1488	ENDDO
1489	ENDDO
1490	ENDDO
1491
1492	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1493	!
1494	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1495	send_count = nzt_x_stg - nzb_x_stg + 1
1496	IF ( nzt_x_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1497
1498	#if defined( __parallel )
1499	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_x_stg,nysg), send_count, stg_type_yz_small, &
1500	f_n(nzb+1,nysg), recv_count_yz, displs_yz, stg_type_yz, &
1501	id, comm1dx, ierr )
1502	#else
1503	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) = f_n_l(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng)
1504	#endif
1505
1506
1507	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1513	! Description:
1514	! ------------
1515	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1516	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1517	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in y-direction and
1518	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1519	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1520	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1521	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz( n_x, n_z, b_x, b_z, f_n, id )
1522
1523
1524	USE indices, &
1525	ONLY: nx
1526
1527
1528	IMPLICIT NONE
1529
1530	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1531	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
1532	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop index in x-direction
1533	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1534	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1535	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1536
1537	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x !< length scale in x-direction
1538	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1539	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x2 !< n_y*2
1540	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1541
1542	REAL(wp) :: nxz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in xz-slice
1543	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1544	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1545
1546	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_x !< filter func in y-dir
1547	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1548	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1549	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1550	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1551
1552
1553	!
1554	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1555	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1556	!-- unit variance.
1557	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:nx+mergp) )
1558
1559	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1560	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1561	nxz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( nx+1 ), KIND=wp )
1562
1563	DO i = 0, nx
1564	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1565	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,i) )
1566	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,i)
1567	ENDDO
1568	ENDDO
1569
1570	rand_av = rand_av * nxz_inv
1571
1572	DO i = 0, nx
1573	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1574	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) - rand_av
1575	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,i) ** 2
1576	ENDDO
1577	ENDDO
1578
1579	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nxz_inv)
1580
1581	DO i = 0, nx
1582	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1583	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) * rand_sigma_inv
1584	ENDDO
1585	ENDDO
1586
1587	!
1588	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1589	DO i = 0, nx
1590	DO k = 1, mergp
1591	rand_it(nzb-k,i) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,i) ! bottom margin
1592	rand_it(nzt+1+k,i) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,i) ! top margin
1593	ENDDO
1594	ENDDO
1595	DO i = 1, mergp
1596	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1597	rand_it(k,-i) = rand_it(k,nx-i+1) ! left margin
1598	rand_it(k,nx+i) = rand_it(k,i-1) ! right margin
1599	ENDDO
1600	ENDDO
1601
1602	!
1603	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1604	n_x2 = n_x * 2
1605	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1606	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1607
1608	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1609	DO k = nzb_y_stg, nzt_y_stg+1
1610	DO ii = -n_x2(k), n_x2(k)
1611	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1612	f_n_l(k,i) = f_n_l(k,i) &
1613	+ b_x(ii,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,i+ii)
1614	ENDDO
1615	ENDDO
1616	ENDDO
1617	ENDDO
1618
1619	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1620
1621	!
1622	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1623	send_count = nzt_y_stg - nzb_y_stg + 1
1624	IF ( nzt_y_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1625
1626
1627	#if defined( __parallel )
1628	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_y_stg,nxlg), send_count, stg_type_xz_small, &
1629	f_n(nzb+1,nxlg), recv_count_xz, displs_xz, stg_type_xz, &
1630	id, comm1dy, ierr )
1631	#else
1632	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) = f_n_l(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg)
1633	#endif
1634
1635
1636	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz
1637
1638	END MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod

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