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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 @ 2955

Last change on this file since 2955 was 2946, checked in by suehring, 6 years ago
Bugfix for revision 2945, perform checks only if dynamic input file is available; remove unused module load
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 61.2 KB

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1	!> @synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 2946 2018-04-04 17:01:23Z suehring $
27	! Remove unused module load
28	!
29	! 2945 2018-04-04 16:27:14Z suehring
30	! - Bugfix in parallelization of synthetic turbulence generator in case the
31	! z-dimension is not an integral divisor of the number of processors along
32	! the x- and y-dimension
33	! - Revision in control mimic in case of RAN-LES nesting
34	!
35	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
36	! Apply turbulence generator at all non-cyclic lateral boundaries in case of
37	! realistic Inifor large-scale forcing or RANS-LES nesting
38	!
39	! 2936 2018-03-27 14:49:27Z suehring
40	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was found,
41	! reading of restart strings has been moved completely to read_restart_data_mod,
42	! redundant skipping function has been removed, stg_read/write_restart_data
43	! have been renamed to stg_r/wrd_global, stg_rrd_global is called in
44	! read_restart_data_mod now, flag syn_turb_gen_prerun and marker *** end stg
45	! *** have been removed (Giersch), strings and their respective lengths are
46	! written out and read now in case of restart runs to get rid of prescribed
47	! character lengths (Giersch), CASE DEFAULT was added if restart data is read
48	!
49	! 2841 2018-02-27 15:02:57Z suehring
50	! Bugfix: wrong placement of include 'mpif.h' corrected
51	!
52	! 2836 2018-02-26 13:40:05Z Giersch
53	! The variables synthetic_turbulence_generator and
54	! use_synthetic_turbulence_generator have been abbreviated + syn_turb_gen_prerun
55	! flag is used to define if module related parameters were outputted as restart
56	! data
57	!
58	! 2716 2017-12-29 16:35:59Z kanani
59	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
60	!
61	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
62	! Change in file header (GPL part)
63	!
64	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
65	! unit number for file containing turbulence generator data changed to 90
66	! bugfix: preprocessor directives added for MPI specific code
67	!
68	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
69	! Definition of a new function called stg_skip_global to skip module
70	! parameters during reading restart data
71	!
72	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
73	! stg_read_restart_data is called in stg_parin in the case of a restart run
74	!
75	! 2259 2017-06-08 09:09:11Z gronemeier
76	! Initial revision
77	!
78	!
79	!
80	! Authors:
81	! --------
82	! @author Tobias Gronemeier, Atsushi Inagaki, Micha Gryschka, Christoph Knigge
83	!
84	!
85	! Description:
86	! ------------
87	!> The module generates turbulence at the inflow boundary based on a method by
88	!> Xie and Castro (2008) utilizing a Lund rotation (Lund, 1998) and a mass-flux
89	!> correction by Kim et al. (2013).
90	!> The turbulence is correlated based on length scales in y- and z-direction and
91	!> a time scale for each velocity component. The profiles of length and time
92	!> scales, mean u, v, w, e and pt, and all components of the Reynolds stress
93	!> tensor are read from file STG_PROFILES.
94	!>
95	!> @todo test restart
96	!> enable cyclic_fill
97	!> implement turbulence generation for e and pt
98	!> @todo Input of height-constant length scales via namelist
99	!> @note <Enter notes on the module>
100	!> @bug Height information from input file is not used. Profiles from input
101	!> must match with current PALM grid.
102	!> Transformation of length scales to number of gridpoints does not
103	!> consider grid stretching.
104	!> In case of restart, velocity seeds differ from precursor run if a11,
105	!> a22, or a33 are zero.
106	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
107	MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod
108
109
110	USE arrays_3d, &
111	ONLY: mean_inflow_profiles, u, v, w
112
113	USE constants, &
114	ONLY: pi
115
116	USE control_parameters, &
117	ONLY: initializing_actions, message_string, syn_turb_gen
118
119	USE cpulog, &
120	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point, log_point_s
121
122	USE indices, &
123	ONLY: nbgp, nzb, nzt, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, nys, nyn, nyng, nysg
124
125	USE kinds
126
127	#if !defined( __mpifh )
128	USE MPI
129	#endif
130
131	USE pegrid, &
132	ONLY: comm1dx, comm1dy, comm2d, ierr, myidx, myidy, pdims
133
134	USE transpose_indices, &
135	ONLY: nzb_x, nzt_x
136
137
138	IMPLICIT NONE
139
140	#if defined( __mpifh )
141	INCLUDE "mpif.h"
142	#endif
143
144	LOGICAL :: velocity_seed_initialized = .FALSE. !< true after first call of stg_main
145	LOGICAL :: use_syn_turb_gen = .FALSE. !< switch to use synthetic turbulence generator
146
147	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_left !< left lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
148	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_north !< north lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
149	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_right !< right lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
150	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_south !< south lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
151	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz !< MPI type for full z range
152	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz_small !< MPI type for small z range
153	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz !< MPI type for full z range
154	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz_small !< MPI type for small z range
155	INTEGER(iwp) :: merg !< maximum length scale (in gp)
156	INTEGER(iwp) :: mergp !< merg + nbgp
157	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_x_stg !<
158	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_x_stg !<
159	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_y_stg !<
160	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_y_stg !<
161
162	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor !< mass flux correction factor
163
164	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_xz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
165	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_xz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
166	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_yz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
167	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_yz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
168	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nux !< length scale of u in x direction (in gp)
169	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuy !< length scale of u in y direction (in gp)
170	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuz !< length scale of u in z direction (in gp)
171	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvx !< length scale of v in x direction (in gp)
172	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvy !< length scale of v in y direction (in gp)
173	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvz !< length scale of v in z direction (in gp)
174	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwx !< length scale of w in x direction (in gp)
175	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwy !< length scale of w in y direction (in gp)
176	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwz !< length scale of w in z direction (in gp)
177
178	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: seed !< seed of random number for rn-generator
179
180	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a11 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
181	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a21 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
182	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a22 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
183	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a31 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
184	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a32 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
185	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a33 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
186	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tu !< Lagrangian time scale of u
187	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tv !< Lagrangian time scale of v
188	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tw !< Lagrangian time scale of w
189
190	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bux !< filter function for u in x direction
191	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buy !< filter function for u in y direction
192	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buz !< filter function for u in z direction
193	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvx !< filter function for v in x direction
194	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvy !< filter function for v in y direction
195	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvz !< filter function for v in z direction
196	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwx !< filter function for w in y direction
197	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwy !< filter function for w in y direction
198	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwz !< filter function for w in z direction
199	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane
200	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane with new random number
201	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane
202	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane with new random number
203	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane
204	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane with new random number
205	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane
206	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane with new random number
207	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane
208	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane with new random number
209	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane
210	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane with new random number
211
212
213	!
214	!-- PALM interfaces:
215	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
216	INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
217	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_check_parameters
218	END INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
219
220	!
221	!-- Calculate filter functions
222	INTERFACE stg_filter_func
223	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_filter_func
224	END INTERFACE stg_filter_func
225
226	!
227	!-- Generate velocity seeds at south and north domain boundary
228	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
229	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_xz
230	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
231	!
232	!-- Generate velocity seeds at left and/or right domain boundary
233	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
234	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_yz
235	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
236
237	!
238	!-- Output of information to the header file
239	INTERFACE stg_header
240	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_header
241	END INTERFACE stg_header
242
243	!
244	!-- Initialization actions
245	INTERFACE stg_init
246	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_init
247	END INTERFACE stg_init
248
249	!
250	!-- Main procedure of synth. turb. gen.
251	INTERFACE stg_main
252	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_main
253	END INTERFACE stg_main
254
255	!
256	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
257	INTERFACE stg_parin
258	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_parin
259	END INTERFACE stg_parin
260
261	!
262	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
263	INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
264	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_rrd_global
265	END INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
266
267	!
268	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs
269	INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
270	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_wrd_global
271	END INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
272
273	SAVE
274
275	PRIVATE
276
277	!
278	!-- Public interfaces
279	PUBLIC stg_check_parameters, stg_header, stg_init, stg_main, stg_parin, &
280	stg_wrd_global, stg_rrd_global
281
282	!
283	!-- Public variables
284	PUBLIC id_stg_left, id_stg_north, id_stg_right, id_stg_south, &
285	use_syn_turb_gen
286
287
288	CONTAINS
289
290
291	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
292	! Description:
293	! ------------
294	!> Check parameters routine for synthetic turbulence generator
295	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
296	SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
297
298
299	USE control_parameters, &
300	ONLY: bc_lr, bc_ns, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode, turbulent_inflow
301
302	USE pmc_interface, &
303	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
304
305
306	IMPLICIT NONE
307
308	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. forcing ) THEN
309	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
310	'when forcing is used and model operates in LES mode.'
311	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
312	ENDIF
313
314	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. nest_domain &
315	.AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
316	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
317	'when nesting is applied and parent operates in ' // &
318	'RANS-mode but current child in LES mode.'
319	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
320	ENDIF
321
322	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
323
324	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
325
326	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles' ) == 0 &
327	.AND. INDEX( initializing_actions, 'read_restart_data' ) == 0 ) THEN
328	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
329	'requires &initializing_actions = ' // &
330	'"set_constant_profiles" or "read_restart_data"'
331	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0015', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
332	ENDIF
333
334	IF ( bc_lr /= 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
335	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
336	'requires &bc_lr = "dirichlet/radiation"'
337	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0035', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
338	ENDIF
339	IF ( bc_ns /= 'cyclic' ) THEN
340	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
341	'requires &bc_ns = "cyclic"'
342	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0037', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
343	ENDIF
344
345	ENDIF
346
347	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
348	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
349	'in combination &with turbulent_inflow = .T. '// &
350	'is not allowed'
351	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0039', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
352	ENDIF
353
354	ENDIF
355
356	END SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
357
358
359	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
360	! Description:
361	! ------------
362	!> Header output for synthetic turbulence generator
363	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
364	SUBROUTINE stg_header ( io )
365
366
367	IMPLICIT NONE
368
369	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
370
371	!
372	!-- Write synthetic turbulence generator Header
373	WRITE( io, 1 )
374	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
375	WRITE( io, 2 )
376	ELSE
377	WRITE( io, 3 )
378	ENDIF
379
380	1 FORMAT (//' Synthetic turbulence generator information:'/ &
381	' ------------------------------------------'/)
382	2 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched on')
383	3 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched off')
384
385	END SUBROUTINE stg_header
386
387
388	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
389	! Description:
390	! ------------
391	!> Initialization of the synthetic turbulence generator
392	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
393	SUBROUTINE stg_init
394
395
396	USE arrays_3d, &
397	ONLY: ddzw, u_init, v_init, zu
398
399	USE control_parameters, &
400	ONLY: coupling_char, dz, e_init, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode
401
402	USE grid_variables, &
403	ONLY: ddx, ddy
404
405	USE indices, &
406	ONLY: nz
407
408	USE pmc_interface, &
409	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
410
411
412	IMPLICIT NONE
413
414	LOGICAL :: file_stg_exist = .FALSE. !< flag indication whether parameter file for Reynolds stress and length scales exist
415
416	#if defined( __parallel )
417	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: extent !< extent of new MPI type
418	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: tob=0 !< dummy variable
419	#endif
420
421	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !> grid index in x-direction
422	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !> loop index
423	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index
424	INTEGER(iwp) :: newtype !< dummy MPI type
425	INTEGER(iwp) :: realsize !< size of REAL variables
426	INTEGER(iwp) :: nseed !< dimension of random number seed
427	INTEGER(iwp) :: startseed = 1234567890 !< start seed for random number generator
428
429	!
430	!-- Dummy variables used for reading profiles
431	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< u profile
432	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< v profile
433	REAL(wp) :: d3 !< w profile
434	REAL(wp) :: d5 !< e profile
435	REAL(wp) :: d11 !< vertical interpolation for a11
436	REAL(wp) :: d21 !< vertical interpolation for a21
437	REAL(wp) :: d22 !< vertical interpolation for a22
438	REAL(wp) :: dum_exp !< dummy variable used for exponential vertical decrease of turbulent length scales
439	REAL(wp) :: luy !< length scale for u in y direction
440	REAL(wp) :: luz !< length scale for u in z direction
441	REAL(wp) :: lvy !< length scale for v in y direction
442	REAL(wp) :: lvz !< length scale for v in z direction
443	REAL(wp) :: lwy !< length scale for w in y direction
444	REAL(wp) :: lwz !< length scale for w in z direction
445	REAL(wp) :: nnz !< increment used to determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x and y direction
446	REAL(wp) :: zz !< height
447
448	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_surface, r_ii_0, time_scale, length_scale_z
449
450	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r11 !< Reynolds parameter
451	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r21 !< Reynolds parameter
452	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r22 !< Reynolds parameter
453	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r31 !< Reynolds parameter
454	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r32 !< Reynolds parameter
455	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r33 !< Reynolds parameter
456
457
458	#if defined( __parallel )
459	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
460	#endif
461
462	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
463
464	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( mean_inflow_profiles ) ) &
465	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
466
467	ALLOCATE ( a11(nzb:nzt+1), a21(nzb:nzt+1), a22(nzb:nzt+1), &
468	a31(nzb:nzt+1), a32(nzb:nzt+1), a33(nzb:nzt+1), &
469	nux(nzb:nzt+1), nuy(nzb:nzt+1), nuz(nzb:nzt+1), &
470	nvx(nzb:nzt+1), nvy(nzb:nzt+1), nvz(nzb:nzt+1), &
471	nwx(nzb:nzt+1), nwy(nzb:nzt+1), nwz(nzb:nzt+1), &
472	tu(nzb:nzt+1), tv(nzb:nzt+1), tw(nzb:nzt+1) )
473
474	#if defined( __parallel )
475	!
476	!-- Determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x- and y-direction
477	nnz = nz / pdims(1)
478	nzb_x_stg = 1 + myidx * INT( nnz )
479	nzt_x_stg = ( myidx + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
480
481	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(1) ) /= 0 .AND. myidx == id_stg_right ) &
482	nzt_x_stg = nzt_x_stg + myidx * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
483	! nzt_x_stg = myidx * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(1) )
484
485	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
486	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
487	nnz = nz / pdims(2)
488	nzb_y_stg = 1 + myidy * INT( nnz )
489	nzt_y_stg = ( myidy + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
490
491	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(2) ) /= 0 .AND. myidy == id_stg_north ) &
492	nzt_y_stg = nzt_y_stg + myidy * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
493	! nzt_y_stg = myidy * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(2) )
494	ENDIF
495
496	!
497	!-- Define MPI type used in stg_generate_seed_yz to gather vertical splitted
498	!-- velocity seeds
499	CALL MPI_TYPE_SIZE( MPI_REAL, realsize, ierr )
500	extent = 1 * realsize
501	!
502	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at yz
503	!-- layer
504	!-- stg_type_yz: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
505	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
506	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
507	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz, ierr )
508	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz, ierr )
509	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
510
511	! stg_type_yz_small: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
512	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
513	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
514	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
515	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
516	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
517
518	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
519	ALLOCATE( recv_count_yz(pdims(1)), displs_yz(pdims(1)) )
520
521	recv_count_yz = nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg + 1
522	recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) = recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) + 1
523
524	DO j = 1, pdims(1)
525	displs_yz(j) = 0 + (nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+1) * (j-1)
526	ENDDO
527	!
528	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at xz
529	!-- layer
530	!-- stg_type_xz: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
531	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
532	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
533	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
534	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
535	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz, ierr )
536	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz, ierr )
537	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
538
539	! stg_type_yz_small: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
540	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
541	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
542	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
543	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
544	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
545
546	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
547	ALLOCATE( recv_count_xz(pdims(2)), displs_xz(pdims(2)) )
548
549	recv_count_xz = nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg + 1
550	recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) = recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) + 1
551
552	DO j = 1, pdims(2)
553	displs_xz(j) = 0 + (nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+1) * (j-1)
554	ENDDO
555
556	ENDIF
557
558	#endif
559	!
560	!-- Define seed of random number
561	CALL RANDOM_SEED()
562	CALL RANDOM_SEED( size=nseed )
563	ALLOCATE( seed(1:nseed) )
564	DO j = 1, nseed
565	seed(j) = startseed + j
566	ENDDO
567	CALL RANDOM_SEED(put=seed)
568
569	!-- Read inflow profile
570	!-- Height levels of profiles in input profile is as follows:
571	!-- zu: luy, luz, tu, lvy, lvz, tv, r11, r21, r22, d1, d2, d5
572	!-- zw: lwy, lwz, tw, r31, r32, r33, d3
573	!-- WARNING: zz is not used at the moment
574	INQUIRE( FILE = 'STG_PROFILES' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
575	EXIST = file_stg_exist )
576
577	IF ( file_stg_exist ) THEN
578
579	OPEN( 90, FILE='STG_PROFILES'//TRIM( coupling_char ), STATUS='OLD', &
580	FORM='FORMATTED')
581	!
582	!-- Skip header
583	READ( 90, * )
584
585	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
586	READ( 90, * ) zz, luy, luz, tu(k), lvy, lvz, tv(k), lwy, lwz, tw(k), &
587	r11(k), r21(k), r22(k), r31(k), r32(k), r33(k), &
588	d1, d2, d3, d5
589
590	!
591	!-- Convert length scales from meter to number of grid points
592	nuy(k) = INT( luy * ddy )
593	nuz(k) = INT( luz / dz )
594	nvy(k) = INT( lvy * ddy )
595	nvz(k) = INT( lvz / dz )
596	nwy(k) = INT( lwy * ddy )
597	nwz(k) = INT( lwz / dz )
598	!
599	!-- Workaround, assume isotropic turbulence
600	nwx(k) = nwy(k)
601	nvx(k) = nvy(k)
602	nux(k) = nuy(k)
603	!
604	!-- Save Mean inflow profiles
605	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
606	mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) = d1
607	mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) = d2
608	! mean_inflow_profiles(k,4) = d4
609	mean_inflow_profiles(k,5) = d5
610	ENDIF
611	ENDDO
612
613	CLOSE( 90 )
614
615	ELSE
616	!
617	!-- Set-up defaul length scales. Assume exponentially decreasing length
618	!-- scales and isotropic turbulence.
619	!-- Typical length (time) scales of 100 m (s) should be a good compromise
620	!-- between all stratrifications. Near-surface variances are fixed to
621	!-- 0.1 m2/s2, vertical fluxes are one order of magnitude smaller.
622	!-- Vertical fluxes
623	length_scale_surface = 100.0_wp
624	r_ii_0 = 0.1_wp
625	time_scale = 100.0_wp
626	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
627	dum_exp = MERGE( -zu(k) / ( 0.3* zu(nzt) ), &
628	0.0_wp, &
629	zu(k) > 0.3 * zu(nzt) &
630	)
631	length_scale_z = length_scale_surface * EXP( dum_exp )
632
633	nux(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
634	nuy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
635	nuz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
636	nvx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
637	nvy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
638	nvz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
639	nwx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
640	nwy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
641	nwz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
642
643	r11(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
644	r22(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
645	r33(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
646
647	r21(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
648	r31(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
649	r32(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
650
651	tu(k) = time_scale
652	tv(k) = time_scale
653	tw(k) = time_scale
654
655	ENDDO
656	nux(nzb) = nux(nzb+1)
657	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
658	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
659	nvx(nzb) = nvx(nzb+1)
660	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
661	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
662	nwx(nzb) = nwx(nzb+1)
663	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
664	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
665
666	r11(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
667	r22(nzb) = r22(nzb+1)
668	r33(nzb) = r33(nzb+1)
669
670	r21(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
671	r31(nzb) = r31(nzb+1)
672	r32(nzb) = r32(nzb+1)
673
674	tu(nzb) = time_scale
675	tv(nzb) = time_scale
676	tw(nzb) = time_scale
677
678	ENDIF
679
680	!
681	!-- Assign initial profiles
682	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
683	u_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,1)
684	v_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,2)
685	!pt_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,4)
686	e_init = MAXVAL( mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) )
687	ENDIF
688	!
689	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor (Lund rotation)
690	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
691	IF ( r11(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
692	a11(k) = SQRT( r11(k) )
693	a21(k) = r21(k) / a11(k)
694	ELSE
695	a11(k) = 0.0_wp
696	a21(k) = 0.0_wp
697	ENDIF
698
699	a22(k) = r22(k) - a21(k)**2
700	IF ( a22(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
701	a22(k) = SQRT( a22(k) )
702	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - a21(k) * a31(k) ) / a22(k)
703	ELSE
704	a22(k) = 0.0_wp
705	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
706	ENDIF
707
708	!
709	!-- a31, a32, a33 must be calculated with interpolated a11, a21, a22 (d11,
710	!-- d21, d22) because of different vertical grid
711	IF ( k .le. nzt ) THEN
712	d11 = 0.5_wp * ( r11(k) + r11(k+1) )
713	IF ( d11 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
714	d11 = SQRT( d11 )
715	d21 = ( 0.5_wp * ( r21(k) + r21(k+1) ) ) / d11
716	a31(k) = r31(k) / d11
717	ELSE
718	d21 = 0.0_wp
719	a31(k) = 0.0_wp
720	ENDIF
721
722	d22 = 0.5_wp * ( r22(k) + r22(k+1) ) - d21 ** 2
723	IF ( d22 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
724	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - d21 * a31(k) ) / SQRT( d22 )
725	ELSE
726	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
727	ENDIF
728
729	a33(k) = r33(k) - a31(k) 2 - a32(k) 2
730	IF ( a33(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
731	a33(k) = SQRT( a33(k) )
732	ELSE
733	a33(k) = 0.0_wp
734	ENDIF
735	ELSE
736	a31(k) = a31(k-1)
737	a32(k) = a32(k-1)
738	a33(k) = a33(k-1)
739	ENDIF
740
741	ENDDO
742	!
743	!-- Define the size of the filter functions and allocate them.
744	merg = 0
745
746	! arrays must be large enough to cover the largest length scale
747	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
748	j = MAX( ABS(nux(k)), ABS(nuy(k)), ABS(nuz(k)), &
749	ABS(nvx(k)), ABS(nvy(k)), ABS(nvz(k)), &
750	ABS(nwx(k)), ABS(nwy(k)), ABS(nwz(k)) )
751	IF ( j > merg ) merg = j
752	ENDDO
753
754	merg = 2 * merg
755	mergp = merg + nbgp
756
757	ALLOCATE ( bux(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
758	buy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
759	buz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
760	bvx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
761	bvy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
762	bvz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
763	bwx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
764	bwy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
765	bwz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) )
766
767	!
768	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at xz-layer
769	ALLOCATE ( fu_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fuo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
770	fv_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fvo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
771	fw_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fwo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
772
773	!
774	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at yz-layer
775	ALLOCATE ( fu_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fuo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
776	fv_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fvo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
777	fw_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fwo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
778
779	fu_xz = 0.0_wp
780	fuo_xz = 0.0_wp
781	fv_xz = 0.0_wp
782	fvo_xz = 0.0_wp
783	fw_xz = 0.0_wp
784	fwo_xz = 0.0_wp
785
786	fu_yz = 0.0_wp
787	fuo_yz = 0.0_wp
788	fv_yz = 0.0_wp
789	fvo_yz = 0.0_wp
790	fw_yz = 0.0_wp
791	fwo_yz = 0.0_wp
792
793	!
794	!-- Create filter functions
795	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
796	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
797	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
798	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
799	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
800	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
801	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
802	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
803	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
804
805	#if defined( __parallel )
806	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
807	#endif
808
809	!
810	!-- In case of restart, calculate velocity seeds fu, fv, fw from former
811	! time step.
812	! Bug: fu, fv, fw are different in those heights where a11, a22, a33
813	! are 0 compared to the prerun. This is mostly for k=nzt+1.
814	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
815	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
816
817	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = -1
818	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
819
820	DO j = nysg, nyng
821	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
822
823	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
824	fu_yz(k,j) = ( u(k,j,i) / mc_factor - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
825	ELSE
826	fu_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
827	ENDIF
828
829	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
830	fv_yz(k,j) = ( v(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
831	v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
832	ELSE
833	fv_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
834	ENDIF
835
836	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
837	fw_yz(k,j) = ( w(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
838	a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) ) / a33(k)
839	ELSE
840	fw_yz = 0._wp
841	ENDIF
842
843	ENDDO
844	ENDDO
845	ENDIF
846	ENDIF
847
848	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
849
850	END SUBROUTINE stg_init
851
852
853	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
854	! Description:
855	! ------------
856	!> Calculate filter function bxx from length scale nxx following Eg.9 and 10
857	!> (Xie and Castro, 2008)
858	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
859	SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func( nxx, bxx )
860
861
862	IMPLICIT NONE
863
864	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
865	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k !< length scale nXX in height k
866	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k2 !< n_k * 2
867	INTEGER(iwp) :: nf !< index for length scales
868
869	REAL(wp) :: bdenom !< denominator for filter functions bXX
870	REAL(wp) :: qsi = 1.0_wp !< minimization factor
871
872	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:) :: nxx(nzb:nzt+1) !< length scale (in gp)
873
874	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) :: bxx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) !< filter function
875
876
877	bxx = 0.0_wp
878
879	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
880	bdenom = 0.0_wp
881	n_k = nxx(k)
882	IF ( n_k /= 0 ) THEN
883	n_k2 = n_k * 2
884
885	!
886	!-- ( Eq.10 )^2
887	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
888	bdenom = bdenom + EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k )**2
889	ENDDO
890
891	!
892	!-- ( Eq.9 )
893	bdenom = SQRT( bdenom )
894	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
895	bxx(nf,k) = EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k ) / bdenom
896	ENDDO
897	ENDIF
898	ENDDO
899
900	END SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func
901
902
903	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
904	! Description:
905	! ------------
906	!> Parin for &stg_par for synthetic turbulence generator
907	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
908	SUBROUTINE stg_parin
909
910
911	IMPLICIT NONE
912
913	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
914
915
916	NAMELIST /stg_par/ use_syn_turb_gen
917
918	line = ' '
919
920	!
921	!-- Try to find stg package
922	REWIND ( 11 )
923	line = ' '
924	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&stg_par' ) == 0 )
925	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
926	ENDDO
927	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
928
929	!
930	!-- Read namelist
931	READ ( 11, stg_par )
932
933	!
934	!-- Set flag that indicates that the synthetic turbulence generator is switched
935	!-- on
936	syn_turb_gen = .TRUE.
937
938
939	10 CONTINUE
940
941	END SUBROUTINE stg_parin
942
943
944	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
945	! Description:
946	! ------------
947	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
948	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
949	SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global( found )
950
951
952	USE control_parameters, &
953	ONLY: length, restart_string
954
955
956	IMPLICIT NONE
957
958	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
959
960
961	found = .TRUE.
962
963
964	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
965
966	CASE ( 'mc_factor' )
967	READ ( 13 ) mc_factor
968	CASE ( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
969	READ ( 13 ) use_syn_turb_gen
970
971	CASE DEFAULT
972
973	found = .FALSE.
974
975	END SELECT
976
977
978	END SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global
979
980
981	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
982	! Description:
983	! ------------
984	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
985	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
986	SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
987
988
989	IMPLICIT NONE
990
991	CALL wrd_write_string( 'mc_factor' )
992	WRITE ( 14 ) mc_factor
993
994	CALL wrd_write_string( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
995	WRITE ( 14 ) use_syn_turb_gen
996
997
998	END SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
999
1000
1001	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1002	! Description:
1003	! ------------
1004	!> Create turbulent inflow fields for u, v, w with prescribed length scales and
1005	!> Reynolds stress tensor after a method of Xie and Castro (2008), modified
1006	!> following suggestions of Kim et al. (2013), and using a Lund rotation
1007	!> (Lund, 1998).
1008	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1009	SUBROUTINE stg_main
1010
1011
1012	USE arrays_3d, &
1013	ONLY: dzw
1014
1015	USE control_parameters, &
1016	ONLY: dt_3d, forcing, intermediate_timestep_count, nest_domain, &
1017	rans_mode, simulated_time, volume_flow_initial
1018
1019	USE grid_variables, &
1020	ONLY: dx, dy
1021
1022	USE indices, &
1023	ONLY: wall_flags_0
1024
1025	USE statistics, &
1026	ONLY: weight_substep
1027
1028	USE pmc_interface, &
1029	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
1030
1031
1032	IMPLICIT NONE
1033
1034	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
1035	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1036	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1037
1038	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg !< wheighted subtimestep
1039	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor_l !< local mass flux correction factor
1040	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow !< mass flux through lateral boundary
1041	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow_l !< local mass flux through lateral boundary
1042
1043	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg,5) :: dist_xz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
1044	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,5) :: dist_yz !< imposed disturbances at left/right boundary
1045
1046
1047	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
1048
1049	!
1050	!-- Calculate time step which is needed for filter functions
1051	dt_stg = dt_3d * weight_substep(intermediate_timestep_count)
1052
1053	!
1054	!-- Initial value of fu, fv, fw
1055	IF ( simulated_time == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. velocity_seed_initialized ) THEN
1056	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_left )
1057	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_left )
1058	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_left )
1059
1060	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1061	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1062	!
1063	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1064	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_right )
1065	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_right )
1066	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_right )
1067	!
1068	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1069	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_north )
1070	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_north )
1071	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_north )
1072	!
1073	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1074	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_south )
1075	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_south )
1076	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_south )
1077	ENDIF
1078	velocity_seed_initialized = .TRUE.
1079	ENDIF
1080	!
1081	!-- New set of fu, fv, fw
1082	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_left )
1083	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_left )
1084	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_left )
1085
1086	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1087	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1088	!
1089	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1090	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_right )
1091	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_right )
1092	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_right )
1093	!
1094	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1095	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_north )
1096	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_north )
1097	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_north )
1098	!
1099	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1100	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_south )
1101	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_south )
1102	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_south )
1103	ENDIF
1104	!
1105	!-- Turbulence generation at left and or right boundary
1106	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1107
1108	DO j = nysg, nyng
1109	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1110	!
1111	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1112	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1113	fu_yz(k,j) = fuo_yz(k,j)
1114	ELSE
1115	fu_yz(k,j) = fu_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1116	fuo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1117	ENDIF
1118
1119	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1120	fv_yz(k,j) = fvo_yz(k,j)
1121	ELSE
1122	fv_yz(k,j) = fv_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1123	fvo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1124	ENDIF
1125
1126	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1127	fw_yz(k,j) = fwo_yz(k,j)
1128	ELSE
1129	fw_yz(k,j) = fw_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1130	fwo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1131	ENDIF
1132	!
1133	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1134	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1135	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1136	dist_yz(k,j,1) = 0.0_wp
1137	dist_yz(k,j,2) = 0.0_wp
1138	dist_yz(k,j,3) = 0.0_wp
1139	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1140	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1141	ELSE
1142	dist_yz(k,j,1) = a11(k) * fu_yz(k,j)
1143	!experimental test of 1.2
1144	dist_yz(k,j,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1145	* 1.2_wp ) &
1146	* ( a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1147	+ a22(k) * fv_yz(k,j) )
1148	dist_yz(k,j,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1149	* 1.3_wp ) &
1150	* ( a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1151	+ a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) &
1152	+ a33(k) * fw_yz(k,j) )
1153	! Calculation for pt and e not yet implemented
1154	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1155	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1156	ENDIF
1157
1158	ENDDO
1159	ENDDO
1160
1161	!
1162	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1163	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1164	!-- inflow boundary
1165	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
1166	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1167	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1168	DO j = nys, nyn
1169	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1170	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + dzw(k) * &
1171	( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) )
1172	ENDDO
1173	ENDDO
1174
1175	#if defined( __parallel )
1176	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1177	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1178	#else
1179	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1180	#endif
1181
1182	mc_factor = volume_flow_initial(1) / mc_factor
1183
1184	!
1185	!-- Add disturbance at the inflow
1186	DO j = nysg, nyng
1187	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1188	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + &
1189	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1190	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) + &
1191	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1192	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = dist_yz(k,j,3) * mc_factor
1193	ENDDO
1194	ENDDO
1195
1196	ELSE
1197	!
1198	!-- First, calculate volume flow at yz boundary
1199	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
1200	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
1201
1202	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1203	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1204	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1205	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1206	DO j = nys, nyn
1207	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1208	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy &
1209	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1210	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1211
1212	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( u(k,j,i) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1213	* dzw(k) * dy &
1214	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1215	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1216	ENDDO
1217	ENDDO
1218	#if defined( __parallel )
1219	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1220	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1221	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1222	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1223	#else
1224	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1225	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1226	#endif
1227
1228	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1229
1230	!
1231	!-- Add disturbances
1232	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) THEN
1233
1234	DO j = nysg, nyng
1235	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1236	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1237	* mc_factor
1238	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
1239	* mc_factor
1240	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
1241	* mc_factor
1242	ENDDO
1243	ENDDO
1244	ENDIF
1245	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1246
1247	DO j = nysg, nyng
1248	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1249	u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1250	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1251	v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1252	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1253	w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1254	dist_yz(k,j,3) ) * mc_factor
1255	ENDDO
1256	ENDDO
1257	ENDIF
1258	ENDIF
1259
1260	ENDIF
1261	!
1262	!-- Turbulence generation at north and south boundary
1263	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north .OR. myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1264
1265	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1266	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1267	!
1268	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1269	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1270	fu_xz(k,i) = fuo_xz(k,i)
1271	ELSE
1272	fu_xz(k,i) = fu_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1273	fuo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1274	ENDIF
1275
1276	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1277	fv_xz(k,i) = fvo_xz(k,i)
1278	ELSE
1279	fv_xz(k,i) = fv_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1280	fvo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1281	ENDIF
1282
1283	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1284	fw_xz(k,i) = fwo_xz(k,i)
1285	ELSE
1286	fw_xz(k,i) = fw_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1287	fwo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1288	ENDIF
1289	!
1290	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1291	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1292	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1293	dist_xz(k,i,1) = 0.0_wp
1294	dist_xz(k,i,2) = 0.0_wp
1295	dist_xz(k,i,3) = 0.0_wp
1296
1297	ELSE
1298	dist_xz(k,i,1) = a11(k) * fu_xz(k,i)
1299	!experimental test of 1.2
1300	dist_xz(k,i,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1301	* 1.2_wp ) &
1302	* ( a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1303	+ a22(k) * fv_xz(k,i) )
1304	dist_xz(k,i,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1305	* 1.3_wp ) &
1306	* ( a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1307	+ a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) &
1308	+ a33(k) * fw_xz(k,i) )
1309	ENDIF
1310
1311	ENDDO
1312	ENDDO
1313	!
1314	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1315	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1316	!-- inflow boundary.
1317	!-- First, calculate volume flow at xz boundary
1318	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
1319	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
1320
1321	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1322	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1323	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1324	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1325	DO i = nxl, nxr
1326	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1327	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx &
1328	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1329	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1330
1331	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( v(k,j,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1332	* dzw(k) * dx &
1333	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1334	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1335	ENDDO
1336	ENDDO
1337	#if defined( __parallel )
1338	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1339	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1340	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1341	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1342	#else
1343	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1344	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1345	#endif
1346
1347	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1348
1349	!
1350	!-- Add disturbances
1351	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1352
1353	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1354	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1355	u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
1356	* mc_factor
1357	v(k,-nbgp:0,i) = ( v(k,-nbgp:0,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1358	* mc_factor
1359	w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
1360	* mc_factor
1361	ENDDO
1362	ENDDO
1363	ENDIF
1364	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
1365
1366	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1367	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1368	u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1369	dist_xz(k,i,1) ) * mc_factor
1370	v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1371	dist_xz(k,i,2) ) * mc_factor
1372	w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1373	dist_xz(k,i,3) ) * mc_factor
1374	ENDDO
1375	ENDDO
1376	ENDIF
1377	ENDIF
1378
1379	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
1380
1381	END SUBROUTINE stg_main
1382
1383	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1384	! Description:
1385	! ------------
1386	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1387	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1388	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in x-direction and
1389	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1390	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1391	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1392	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz( n_y, n_z, b_y, b_z, f_n, id )
1393
1394
1395	USE indices, &
1396	ONLY: ny
1397
1398	IMPLICIT NONE
1399
1400	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1401	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1402	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< loop index in y-direction
1403	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1404	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1405	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1406
1407	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y !< length scale in y-direction
1408	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1409	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y2 !< n_y*2
1410	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1411
1412	REAL(wp) :: nyz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in yz-slice
1413	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1414	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1415
1416	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_y !< filter func in y-dir
1417	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1418	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1419	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1420	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1421
1422
1423	!
1424	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1425	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1426	!-- unit variance.
1427	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:ny+mergp) )
1428
1429	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1430	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1431	nyz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( ny+1 ), KIND=wp )
1432
1433	DO j = 0, ny
1434	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1435	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,j) )
1436	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,j)
1437	ENDDO
1438	ENDDO
1439
1440	rand_av = rand_av * nyz_inv
1441
1442	DO j = 0, ny
1443	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1444	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) - rand_av
1445	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,j) ** 2
1446	ENDDO
1447	ENDDO
1448
1449	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nyz_inv)
1450
1451	DO j = 0, ny
1452	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1453	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) * rand_sigma_inv
1454	ENDDO
1455	ENDDO
1456
1457	!
1458	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1459	DO j = 0, ny
1460	DO k = 1, mergp
1461	rand_it(nzb -k,j) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,j) ! bottom margin
1462	rand_it(nzt+1+k,j) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,j) ! top margin
1463	ENDDO
1464	ENDDO
1465	DO j = 1, mergp
1466	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1467	rand_it(k, -j) = rand_it(k,ny-j+1) ! south margin
1468	rand_it(k,ny+j) = rand_it(k, j-1) ! north margin
1469	ENDDO
1470	ENDDO
1471
1472	!
1473	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1474	n_y2 = n_y * 2
1475	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1476	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1477
1478	DO j = nysg, nyng
1479	DO k = nzb_x_stg, nzt_x_stg+1
1480	DO jj = -n_y2(k), n_y2(k)
1481	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1482	f_n_l(k,j) = f_n_l(k,j) &
1483	+ b_y(jj,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,j+jj)
1484	ENDDO
1485	ENDDO
1486	ENDDO
1487	ENDDO
1488
1489	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1490	!
1491	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1492	send_count = nzt_x_stg - nzb_x_stg + 1
1493	IF ( nzt_x_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1494
1495	#if defined( __parallel )
1496	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_x_stg,nysg), send_count, stg_type_yz_small, &
1497	f_n(nzb+1,nysg), recv_count_yz, displs_yz, stg_type_yz, &
1498	id, comm1dx, ierr )
1499	#else
1500	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) = f_n_l(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng)
1501	#endif
1502
1503
1504	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1510	! Description:
1511	! ------------
1512	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1513	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1514	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in y-direction and
1515	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1516	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1517	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1518	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz( n_x, n_z, b_x, b_z, f_n, id )
1519
1520
1521	USE indices, &
1522	ONLY: nx
1523
1524
1525	IMPLICIT NONE
1526
1527	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1528	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
1529	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop index in x-direction
1530	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1531	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1532	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1533
1534	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x !< length scale in x-direction
1535	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1536	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x2 !< n_y*2
1537	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1538
1539	REAL(wp) :: nxz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in xz-slice
1540	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1541	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1542
1543	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_x !< filter func in y-dir
1544	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1545	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1546	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1547	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1548
1549
1550	!
1551	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1552	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1553	!-- unit variance.
1554	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:nx+mergp) )
1555
1556	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1557	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1558	nxz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( nx+1 ), KIND=wp )
1559
1560	DO i = 0, nx
1561	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1562	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,i) )
1563	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,i)
1564	ENDDO
1565	ENDDO
1566
1567	rand_av = rand_av * nxz_inv
1568
1569	DO i = 0, nx
1570	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1571	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) - rand_av
1572	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,i) ** 2
1573	ENDDO
1574	ENDDO
1575
1576	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nxz_inv)
1577
1578	DO i = 0, nx
1579	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1580	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) * rand_sigma_inv
1581	ENDDO
1582	ENDDO
1583
1584	!
1585	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1586	DO i = 0, nx
1587	DO k = 1, mergp
1588	rand_it(nzb-k,i) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,i) ! bottom margin
1589	rand_it(nzt+1+k,i) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,i) ! top margin
1590	ENDDO
1591	ENDDO
1592	DO i = 1, mergp
1593	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1594	rand_it(k,-i) = rand_it(k,nx-i+1) ! left margin
1595	rand_it(k,nx+i) = rand_it(k,i-1) ! right margin
1596	ENDDO
1597	ENDDO
1598
1599	!
1600	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1601	n_x2 = n_x * 2
1602	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1603	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1604
1605	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1606	DO k = nzb_y_stg, nzt_y_stg+1
1607	DO ii = -n_x2(k), n_x2(k)
1608	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1609	f_n_l(k,i) = f_n_l(k,i) &
1610	+ b_x(ii,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,i+ii)
1611	ENDDO
1612	ENDDO
1613	ENDDO
1614	ENDDO
1615
1616	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1617
1618	!
1619	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1620	send_count = nzt_y_stg - nzb_y_stg + 1
1621	IF ( nzt_y_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1622
1623
1624	#if defined( __parallel )
1625	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_y_stg,nxlg), send_count, stg_type_xz_small, &
1626	f_n(nzb+1,nxlg), recv_count_xz, displs_xz, stg_type_xz, &
1627	id, comm1dy, ierr )
1628	#else
1629	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) = f_n_l(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg)
1630	#endif
1631
1632
1633	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz
1634
1635	END MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod

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