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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 @ 3274

Last change on this file since 3274 was 3274, checked in by knoop, 6 years ago
Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 64.6 KB

Rev	Line
[2259]	1	!> @synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90
	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[2259]	4	!
[2696]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
[2259]	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
	9	!
[2696]	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
[2259]	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
	17	! Copyright 2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
	18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	19	!
	20	! Current revisions:
	21	! -----------------
	22	!
[3183]	23	!
[2259]	24	! Former revisions:
	25	! -----------------
	26	! $Id: synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 3274 2018-09-24 15:42:55Z knoop $
[3274]	27	! Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components
	28	!
	29	! 3248 2018-09-14 09:42:06Z sward
[3248]	30	! Minor formating changes
	31	!
	32	! 3246 2018-09-13 15:14:50Z sward
[3246]	33	! Added error handling for input namelist via parin_fail_message
	34	!
	35	! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch
[3241]	36	! unused variables removed
	37	!
	38	! 3186 2018-07-30 17:07:14Z suehring
[3186]	39	! Mask topography while imposing inflow perturbations at the boundaries; do not
	40	! impose perturbations at top boundary as well as ghost points
	41	!
	42	! 3183 2018-07-27 14:25:55Z suehring
[3183]	43	! Rename variables and extend error message
	44	! Enable geneartor also for stretched grids
	45	!
	46	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
[3065]	47	! Error message related to vertical stretching has been added, dz was replaced
	48	! by dz(1)
	49	!
	50	! 3051 2018-05-30 17:43:55Z suehring
[3051]	51	! Bugfix in calculation of initial Reynolds-stress tensor.
[3049]	52	!
	53	! 3045 2018-05-28 07:55:41Z Giersch
[3051]	54	! Error messages revised
[3045]	55	!
	56	! 3044 2018-05-25 10:59:41Z gronemeier
[3044]	57	! Add missing variable descriptions
	58	!
	59	! 3038 2018-05-24 10:54:00Z gronemeier
[3038]	60	! updated variable descriptions
	61	!
	62	! 2967 2018-04-13 11:22:08Z raasch
[2967]	63	! bugfix: missing parallel cpp-directives added
[3038]	64	!
[2967]	65	! 2946 2018-04-04 17:01:23Z suehring
[2946]	66	! Remove unused module load
[3038]	67	!
[2946]	68	! 2945 2018-04-04 16:27:14Z suehring
[3038]	69	! - Bugfix in parallelization of synthetic turbulence generator in case the
	70	! z-dimension is not an integral divisor of the number of processors along
[2945]	71	! the x- and y-dimension
[3038]	72	! - Revision in control mimic in case of RAN-LES nesting
	73	!
[2945]	74	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
[3038]	75	! Apply turbulence generator at all non-cyclic lateral boundaries in case of
	76	! realistic Inifor large-scale forcing or RANS-LES nesting
	77	!
[2938]	78	! 2936 2018-03-27 14:49:27Z suehring
[3038]	79	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was found,
	80	! reading of restart strings has been moved completely to read_restart_data_mod,
	81	! redundant skipping function has been removed, stg_read/write_restart_data
	82	! have been renamed to stg_r/wrd_global, stg_rrd_global is called in
[2894]	83	! read_restart_data_mod now, flag syn_turb_gen_prerun and marker *** end stg
[3038]	84	! *** have been removed (Giersch), strings and their respective lengths are
	85	! written out and read now in case of restart runs to get rid of prescribed
	86	! character lengths (Giersch), CASE DEFAULT was added if restart data is read
	87	!
[2894]	88	! 2841 2018-02-27 15:02:57Z suehring
[2841]	89	! Bugfix: wrong placement of include 'mpif.h' corrected
[3038]	90	!
[2841]	91	! 2836 2018-02-26 13:40:05Z Giersch
[3038]	92	! The variables synthetic_turbulence_generator and
[2836]	93	! use_synthetic_turbulence_generator have been abbreviated + syn_turb_gen_prerun
	94	! flag is used to define if module related parameters were outputted as restart
[3038]	95	! data
	96	!
[2776]	97	! 2716 2017-12-29 16:35:59Z kanani
[2716]	98	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
[3038]	99	!
[2716]	100	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	101	! Change in file header (GPL part)
	102	!
	103	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
[2669]	104	! unit number for file containing turbulence generator data changed to 90
	105	! bugfix: preprocessor directives added for MPI specific code
[3038]	106	!
[2669]	107	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
[3038]	108	! Definition of a new function called stg_skip_global to skip module
[2576]	109	! parameters during reading restart data
[3038]	110	!
[2576]	111	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
[2563]	112	! stg_read_restart_data is called in stg_parin in the case of a restart run
[3038]	113	!
[2563]	114	! 2259 2017-06-08 09:09:11Z gronemeier
[2259]	115	! Initial revision
	116	!
	117	!
[3038]	118	!
[2259]	119	! Authors:
	120	! --------
	121	! @author Tobias Gronemeier, Atsushi Inagaki, Micha Gryschka, Christoph Knigge
	122	!
	123	!
	124	! Description:
	125	! ------------
	126	!> The module generates turbulence at the inflow boundary based on a method by
	127	!> Xie and Castro (2008) utilizing a Lund rotation (Lund, 1998) and a mass-flux
	128	!> correction by Kim et al. (2013).
	129	!> The turbulence is correlated based on length scales in y- and z-direction and
	130	!> a time scale for each velocity component. The profiles of length and time
	131	!> scales, mean u, v, w, e and pt, and all components of the Reynolds stress
	132	!> tensor are read from file STG_PROFILES.
	133	!>
	134	!> @todo test restart
	135	!> enable cyclic_fill
	136	!> implement turbulence generation for e and pt
[2945]	137	!> @todo Input of height-constant length scales via namelist
[2259]	138	!> @note <Enter notes on the module>
	139	!> @bug Height information from input file is not used. Profiles from input
	140	!> must match with current PALM grid.
	141	!> In case of restart, velocity seeds differ from precursor run if a11,
	142	!> a22, or a33 are zero.
	143	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	144	MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod
	145
	146
	147	USE arrays_3d, &
	148	ONLY: mean_inflow_profiles, u, v, w
	149
[3274]	150	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
[2259]	151	ONLY: pi
	152
	153	USE control_parameters, &
[2938]	154	ONLY: initializing_actions, message_string, syn_turb_gen
[2259]	155
	156	USE cpulog, &
	157	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point, log_point_s
	158
	159	USE indices, &
[2938]	160	ONLY: nbgp, nzb, nzt, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, nys, nyn, nyng, nysg
[2259]	161
	162	USE kinds
	163
[2967]	164	#if defined( __parallel ) && !defined( __mpifh )
[2259]	165	USE MPI
[2841]	166	#endif
[2259]	167
	168	USE pegrid, &
[2938]	169	ONLY: comm1dx, comm1dy, comm2d, ierr, myidx, myidy, pdims
[2259]	170
	171	USE transpose_indices, &
	172	ONLY: nzb_x, nzt_x
	173
	174
	175	IMPLICIT NONE
	176
[2967]	177	#if defined( __parallel ) && defined( __mpifh )
[2841]	178	INCLUDE "mpif.h"
	179	#endif
	180
[3182]	181
[2776]	182	LOGICAL :: velocity_seed_initialized = .FALSE. !< true after first call of stg_main
	183	LOGICAL :: use_syn_turb_gen = .FALSE. !< switch to use synthetic turbulence generator
[2259]	184
[3038]	185	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_left !< left lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	186	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_north !< north lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	187	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_right !< right lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	188	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_south !< south lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
[2938]	189	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz !< MPI type for full z range
	190	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz_small !< MPI type for small z range
	191	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz !< MPI type for full z range
	192	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz_small !< MPI type for small z range
	193	INTEGER(iwp) :: merg !< maximum length scale (in gp)
	194	INTEGER(iwp) :: mergp !< merg + nbgp
[3038]	195	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_x_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
	196	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_x_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
	197	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_y_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
	198	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_y_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
[2259]	199
	200	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor !< mass flux correction factor
	201
[2938]	202	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_xz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
	203	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_xz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
	204	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_yz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
	205	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_yz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
	206	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nux !< length scale of u in x direction (in gp)
	207	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuy !< length scale of u in y direction (in gp)
	208	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuz !< length scale of u in z direction (in gp)
	209	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvx !< length scale of v in x direction (in gp)
	210	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvy !< length scale of v in y direction (in gp)
	211	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvz !< length scale of v in z direction (in gp)
	212	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwx !< length scale of w in x direction (in gp)
	213	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwy !< length scale of w in y direction (in gp)
	214	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwz !< length scale of w in z direction (in gp)
[2259]	215
	216	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: seed !< seed of random number for rn-generator
	217
	218	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a11 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	219	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a21 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	220	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a22 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	221	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a31 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	222	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a32 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	223	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a33 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	224	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tu !< Lagrangian time scale of u
	225	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tv !< Lagrangian time scale of v
	226	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tw !< Lagrangian time scale of w
	227
[2938]	228	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bux !< filter function for u in x direction
[2259]	229	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buy !< filter function for u in y direction
	230	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buz !< filter function for u in z direction
[2938]	231	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvx !< filter function for v in x direction
[2259]	232	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvy !< filter function for v in y direction
	233	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvz !< filter function for v in z direction
[2938]	234	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwx !< filter function for w in y direction
[2259]	235	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwy !< filter function for w in y direction
	236	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwz !< filter function for w in z direction
[2938]	237	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane
	238	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane with new random number
	239	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane
	240	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane with new random number
	241	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane
	242	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane with new random number
	243	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane
	244	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane with new random number
	245	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane
	246	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane with new random number
	247	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane
	248	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane with new random number
[2259]	249
	250
	251	!
	252	!-- PALM interfaces:
	253	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
	254	INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
	255	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_check_parameters
	256	END INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
	257
	258	!
	259	!-- Calculate filter functions
	260	INTERFACE stg_filter_func
	261	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_filter_func
	262	END INTERFACE stg_filter_func
	263
	264	!
[2938]	265	!-- Generate velocity seeds at south and north domain boundary
	266	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
	267	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_xz
	268	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
	269	!
	270	!-- Generate velocity seeds at left and/or right domain boundary
[2259]	271	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
	272	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_yz
	273	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
	274
	275	!
	276	!-- Output of information to the header file
	277	INTERFACE stg_header
	278	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_header
	279	END INTERFACE stg_header
	280
	281	!
	282	!-- Initialization actions
	283	INTERFACE stg_init
	284	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_init
	285	END INTERFACE stg_init
	286
	287	!
	288	!-- Main procedure of synth. turb. gen.
	289	INTERFACE stg_main
	290	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_main
	291	END INTERFACE stg_main
	292
	293	!
	294	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
	295	INTERFACE stg_parin
	296	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_parin
	297	END INTERFACE stg_parin
	298
	299	!
	300	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
[2894]	301	INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
	302	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_rrd_global
	303	END INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
[2259]	304
	305	!
	306	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs
[2894]	307	INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
	308	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_wrd_global
	309	END INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	310
	311	SAVE
	312
	313	PRIVATE
	314
	315	!
	316	!-- Public interfaces
	317	PUBLIC stg_check_parameters, stg_header, stg_init, stg_main, stg_parin, &
[2894]	318	stg_wrd_global, stg_rrd_global
[2259]	319
	320	!
	321	!-- Public variables
[2938]	322	PUBLIC id_stg_left, id_stg_north, id_stg_right, id_stg_south, &
	323	use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	324
	325
	326	CONTAINS
	327
	328
	329	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	330	! Description:
	331	! ------------
	332	!> Check parameters routine for synthetic turbulence generator
	333	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	334	SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
	335
	336
	337	USE control_parameters, &
[3241]	338	ONLY: bc_lr, bc_ns, child_domain, nesting_offline, rans_mode, &
	339	turbulent_inflow
[2259]	340
[2938]	341	USE pmc_interface, &
	342	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
[2259]	343
[2938]	344
[2259]	345	IMPLICIT NONE
	346
[3182]	347	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. &
	348	nesting_offline ) THEN
	349	message_string = 'No synthetic turbulence generator is applied. ' // &
	350	'In case PALM operates in LES mode and lateral ' // &
	351	'boundary conditions are provided by COSMO model, ' // &
	352	'turbulence may require large adjustment lenght at ' //&
	353	'the lateral inflow boundaries. Please check your ' // &
	354	'results carefully.'
	355	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
[2938]	356	ENDIF
	357
[3182]	358	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. child_domain &
[2938]	359	.AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
	360	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
	361	'when nesting is applied and parent operates in ' // &
	362	'RANS-mode but current child in LES mode.'
	363	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	364	ENDIF
	365
[2776]	366	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
[2259]	367
[3182]	368	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
	369
[2938]	370	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles' ) == 0 &
	371	.AND. INDEX( initializing_actions, 'read_restart_data' ) == 0 ) THEN
	372	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[3046]	373	'requires %initializing_actions = ' // &
[2938]	374	'"set_constant_profiles" or "read_restart_data"'
	375	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0015', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	376	ENDIF
	377
	378	IF ( bc_lr /= 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
	379	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[3046]	380	'requires &bc_lr = "dirichlet/radiation"'
[2938]	381	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0035', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	382	ENDIF
	383	IF ( bc_ns /= 'cyclic' ) THEN
	384	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[3046]	385	'requires &bc_ns = "cyclic"'
[2938]	386	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0037', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	387	ENDIF
	388
[2259]	389	ENDIF
	390
	391	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
	392	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[2938]	393	'in combination &with turbulent_inflow = .T. '// &
	394	'is not allowed'
[2259]	395	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0039', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	396	ENDIF
	397
	398	ENDIF
	399
	400	END SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
	401
	402
	403	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	404	! Description:
	405	! ------------
	406	!> Header output for synthetic turbulence generator
	407	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	408	SUBROUTINE stg_header ( io )
	409
	410
	411	IMPLICIT NONE
	412
	413	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
	414
	415	!
	416	!-- Write synthetic turbulence generator Header
	417	WRITE( io, 1 )
[2776]	418	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
[2259]	419	WRITE( io, 2 )
	420	ELSE
	421	WRITE( io, 3 )
	422	ENDIF
	423
	424	1 FORMAT (//' Synthetic turbulence generator information:'/ &
	425	' ------------------------------------------'/)
	426	2 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched on')
	427	3 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched off')
	428
	429	END SUBROUTINE stg_header
	430
	431
	432	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	433	! Description:
	434	! ------------
	435	!> Initialization of the synthetic turbulence generator
	436	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	437	SUBROUTINE stg_init
	438
	439
	440	USE arrays_3d, &
[2938]	441	ONLY: ddzw, u_init, v_init, zu
[2259]	442
	443	USE control_parameters, &
[3241]	444	ONLY: child_domain, coupling_char, e_init, nesting_offline, rans_mode
[2259]	445
	446	USE grid_variables, &
[2938]	447	ONLY: ddx, ddy
[2259]	448
[2938]	449	USE indices, &
	450	ONLY: nz
[2259]	451
[2945]	452	USE pmc_interface, &
	453	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
[2938]	454
[2945]	455
[2259]	456	IMPLICIT NONE
	457
[2938]	458	LOGICAL :: file_stg_exist = .FALSE. !< flag indication whether parameter file for Reynolds stress and length scales exist
	459
[2669]	460	#if defined( __parallel )
[2259]	461	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: extent !< extent of new MPI type
	462	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: tob=0 !< dummy variable
[2669]	463	#endif
[2259]	464
[2938]	465	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !> grid index in x-direction
[2259]	466	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !> loop index
	467	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index
	468	INTEGER(iwp) :: newtype !< dummy MPI type
	469	INTEGER(iwp) :: realsize !< size of REAL variables
	470	INTEGER(iwp) :: nseed !< dimension of random number seed
	471	INTEGER(iwp) :: startseed = 1234567890 !< start seed for random number generator
	472
	473	!
	474	!-- Dummy variables used for reading profiles
	475	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< u profile
	476	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< v profile
	477	REAL(wp) :: d3 !< w profile
	478	REAL(wp) :: d5 !< e profile
	479	REAL(wp) :: d11 !< vertical interpolation for a11
	480	REAL(wp) :: d21 !< vertical interpolation for a21
	481	REAL(wp) :: d22 !< vertical interpolation for a22
[2938]	482	REAL(wp) :: dum_exp !< dummy variable used for exponential vertical decrease of turbulent length scales
[2259]	483	REAL(wp) :: luy !< length scale for u in y direction
	484	REAL(wp) :: luz !< length scale for u in z direction
	485	REAL(wp) :: lvy !< length scale for v in y direction
	486	REAL(wp) :: lvz !< length scale for v in z direction
	487	REAL(wp) :: lwy !< length scale for w in y direction
	488	REAL(wp) :: lwz !< length scale for w in z direction
[3038]	489	REAL(wp) :: nnz !< increment used to determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x and y direction
[2259]	490	REAL(wp) :: zz !< height
	491
[3044]	492	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_surface !< typical length scale
	493	REAL(wp) :: r_ii_0 !< correction factor
	494	REAL(wp) :: time_scale !< typical time scale
	495	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_z !< typical length scale
[2938]	496
[2259]	497	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r11 !< Reynolds parameter
	498	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r21 !< Reynolds parameter
	499	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r22 !< Reynolds parameter
	500	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r31 !< Reynolds parameter
	501	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r32 !< Reynolds parameter
	502	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r33 !< Reynolds parameter
	503
	504
	505	#if defined( __parallel )
	506	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	507	#endif
	508
	509	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
	510
	511	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( mean_inflow_profiles ) ) &
	512	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
	513
	514	ALLOCATE ( a11(nzb:nzt+1), a21(nzb:nzt+1), a22(nzb:nzt+1), &
	515	a31(nzb:nzt+1), a32(nzb:nzt+1), a33(nzb:nzt+1), &
[2938]	516	nux(nzb:nzt+1), nuy(nzb:nzt+1), nuz(nzb:nzt+1), &
	517	nvx(nzb:nzt+1), nvy(nzb:nzt+1), nvz(nzb:nzt+1), &
	518	nwx(nzb:nzt+1), nwy(nzb:nzt+1), nwz(nzb:nzt+1), &
[2259]	519	tu(nzb:nzt+1), tv(nzb:nzt+1), tw(nzb:nzt+1) )
	520
[2669]	521	#if defined( __parallel )
[2259]	522	!
[2938]	523	!-- Determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x- and y-direction
	524	nnz = nz / pdims(1)
[2945]	525	nzb_x_stg = 1 + myidx * INT( nnz )
	526	nzt_x_stg = ( myidx + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
[2938]	527
[3038]	528	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(1) ) /= 0 .AND. myidx == id_stg_right ) &
[2945]	529	nzt_x_stg = nzt_x_stg + myidx * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
	530	! nzt_x_stg = myidx * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(1) )
[2938]	531
[3182]	532	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	533	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
[2938]	534	nnz = nz / pdims(2)
[2945]	535	nzb_y_stg = 1 + myidy * INT( nnz )
	536	nzt_y_stg = ( myidy + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
[2938]	537
[2945]	538	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(2) ) /= 0 .AND. myidy == id_stg_north ) &
[3038]	539	nzt_y_stg = nzt_y_stg + myidy * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
[2945]	540	! nzt_y_stg = myidy * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(2) )
[2938]	541	ENDIF
	542
	543	!
[2259]	544	!-- Define MPI type used in stg_generate_seed_yz to gather vertical splitted
	545	!-- velocity seeds
	546	CALL MPI_TYPE_SIZE( MPI_REAL, realsize, ierr )
	547	extent = 1 * realsize
[2938]	548	!
[3038]	549	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at yz
	550	!-- layer
[2938]	551	!-- stg_type_yz: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
[2259]	552	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
	553	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	554	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz, ierr )
	555	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz, ierr )
	556	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	557
[2938]	558	! stg_type_yz_small: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
[2945]	559	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
[2259]	560	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	561	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
	562	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
	563	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	564
	565	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
[2938]	566	ALLOCATE( recv_count_yz(pdims(1)), displs_yz(pdims(1)) )
[2259]	567
[2938]	568	recv_count_yz = nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg + 1
	569	recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) = recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) + 1
[2259]	570
	571	DO j = 1, pdims(1)
[2938]	572	displs_yz(j) = 0 + (nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+1) * (j-1)
[2259]	573	ENDDO
[2938]	574	!
[3038]	575	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at xz
	576	!-- layer
[2938]	577	!-- stg_type_xz: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
[3182]	578	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	579	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
[2945]	580	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
[2938]	581	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	582	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz, ierr )
	583	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz, ierr )
	584	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	585
	586	! stg_type_yz_small: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
[2945]	587	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
[2938]	588	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	589	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
	590	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
	591	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	592
	593	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
	594	ALLOCATE( recv_count_xz(pdims(2)), displs_xz(pdims(2)) )
	595
	596	recv_count_xz = nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg + 1
	597	recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) = recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) + 1
	598
	599	DO j = 1, pdims(2)
	600	displs_xz(j) = 0 + (nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+1) * (j-1)
	601	ENDDO
	602
	603	ENDIF
	604
[2669]	605	#endif
[2259]	606	!
	607	!-- Define seed of random number
	608	CALL RANDOM_SEED()
	609	CALL RANDOM_SEED( size=nseed )
	610	ALLOCATE( seed(1:nseed) )
	611	DO j = 1, nseed
	612	seed(j) = startseed + j
	613	ENDDO
	614	CALL RANDOM_SEED(put=seed)
	615
	616	!-- Read inflow profile
	617	!-- Height levels of profiles in input profile is as follows:
	618	!-- zu: luy, luz, tu, lvy, lvz, tv, r11, r21, r22, d1, d2, d5
	619	!-- zw: lwy, lwz, tw, r31, r32, r33, d3
	620	!-- WARNING: zz is not used at the moment
[2938]	621	INQUIRE( FILE = 'STG_PROFILES' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
	622	EXIST = file_stg_exist )
[2259]	623
[2938]	624	IF ( file_stg_exist ) THEN
[2259]	625
[2938]	626	OPEN( 90, FILE='STG_PROFILES'//TRIM( coupling_char ), STATUS='OLD', &
	627	FORM='FORMATTED')
	628	!
	629	!-- Skip header
	630	READ( 90, * )
[2259]	631
[3182]	632	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
[2938]	633	READ( 90, * ) zz, luy, luz, tu(k), lvy, lvz, tv(k), lwy, lwz, tw(k), &
	634	r11(k), r21(k), r22(k), r31(k), r32(k), r33(k), &
	635	d1, d2, d3, d5
	636
[2259]	637	!
[3182]	638	!-- Convert length scales from meter to number of grid points.
[2938]	639	nuy(k) = INT( luy * ddy )
[3182]	640	nuz(k) = INT( luz * ddzw(k) )
[2938]	641	nvy(k) = INT( lvy * ddy )
[3182]	642	nvz(k) = INT( lvz * ddzw(k) )
[2938]	643	nwy(k) = INT( lwy * ddy )
[3182]	644	nwz(k) = INT( lwz * ddzw(k) )
[2938]	645	!
	646	!-- Workaround, assume isotropic turbulence
	647	nwx(k) = nwy(k)
	648	nvx(k) = nvy(k)
	649	nux(k) = nuy(k)
	650	!
	651	!-- Save Mean inflow profiles
	652	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	653	mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) = d1
	654	mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) = d2
	655	! mean_inflow_profiles(k,4) = d4
	656	mean_inflow_profiles(k,5) = d5
	657	ENDIF
	658	ENDDO
[3182]	659	!
	660	!-- Set lenght scales at surface grid point
	661	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
	662	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
	663	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
	664	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
	665	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
	666	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
	667
[2938]	668	CLOSE( 90 )
[3038]	669
[2938]	670	ELSE
[2259]	671	!
[3038]	672	!-- Set-up defaul length scales. Assume exponentially decreasing length
	673	!-- scales and isotropic turbulence.
	674	!-- Typical length (time) scales of 100 m (s) should be a good compromise
	675	!-- between all stratrifications. Near-surface variances are fixed to
[2938]	676	!-- 0.1 m2/s2, vertical fluxes are one order of magnitude smaller.
[3038]	677	!-- Vertical fluxes
[2938]	678	length_scale_surface = 100.0_wp
	679	r_ii_0 = 0.1_wp
	680	time_scale = 100.0_wp
	681	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
	682	dum_exp = MERGE( -zu(k) / ( 0.3* zu(nzt) ), &
	683	0.0_wp, &
	684	zu(k) > 0.3 * zu(nzt) &
	685	)
	686	length_scale_z = length_scale_surface * EXP( dum_exp )
[2259]	687
[2938]	688	nux(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
	689	nuy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
	690	nuz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
	691	nvx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
	692	nvy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
	693	nvz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
	694	nwx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
	695	nwy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
	696	nwz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
[2259]	697
[2938]	698	r11(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	699	r22(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	700	r33(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
[2259]	701
[2938]	702	r21(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	703	r31(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	704	r32(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	705
	706	tu(k) = time_scale
	707	tv(k) = time_scale
	708	tw(k) = time_scale
	709
	710	ENDDO
	711	nux(nzb) = nux(nzb+1)
	712	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
	713	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
	714	nvx(nzb) = nvx(nzb+1)
	715	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
	716	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
	717	nwx(nzb) = nwx(nzb+1)
	718	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
	719	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
	720
	721	r11(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
	722	r22(nzb) = r22(nzb+1)
	723	r33(nzb) = r33(nzb+1)
	724
	725	r21(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
	726	r31(nzb) = r31(nzb+1)
	727	r32(nzb) = r32(nzb+1)
	728
	729	tu(nzb) = time_scale
	730	tv(nzb) = time_scale
	731	tw(nzb) = time_scale
	732
	733	ENDIF
	734
[2259]	735	!
[2938]	736	!-- Assign initial profiles
[3182]	737	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
[2938]	738	u_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,1)
	739	v_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,2)
	740	!pt_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,4)
	741	e_init = MAXVAL( mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) )
	742	ENDIF
	743	!
[2259]	744	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor (Lund rotation)
	745	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	746	IF ( r11(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	747	a11(k) = SQRT( r11(k) )
	748	a21(k) = r21(k) / a11(k)
	749	ELSE
	750	a11(k) = 0.0_wp
	751	a21(k) = 0.0_wp
	752	ENDIF
	753
	754	a22(k) = r22(k) - a21(k)**2
	755	IF ( a22(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	756	a22(k) = SQRT( a22(k) )
	757	ELSE
	758	a22(k) = 0.0_wp
	759	ENDIF
	760
	761	!
	762	!-- a31, a32, a33 must be calculated with interpolated a11, a21, a22 (d11,
	763	!-- d21, d22) because of different vertical grid
	764	IF ( k .le. nzt ) THEN
	765	d11 = 0.5_wp * ( r11(k) + r11(k+1) )
	766	IF ( d11 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	767	d11 = SQRT( d11 )
	768	d21 = ( 0.5_wp * ( r21(k) + r21(k+1) ) ) / d11
	769	a31(k) = r31(k) / d11
	770	ELSE
	771	d21 = 0.0_wp
	772	a31(k) = 0.0_wp
	773	ENDIF
	774
	775	d22 = 0.5_wp * ( r22(k) + r22(k+1) ) - d21 ** 2
	776	IF ( d22 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	777	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - d21 * a31(k) ) / SQRT( d22 )
	778	ELSE
	779	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
	780	ENDIF
	781
	782	a33(k) = r33(k) - a31(k) 2 - a32(k) 2
	783	IF ( a33(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	784	a33(k) = SQRT( a33(k) )
	785	ELSE
	786	a33(k) = 0.0_wp
	787	ENDIF
	788	ELSE
	789	a31(k) = a31(k-1)
	790	a32(k) = a32(k-1)
	791	a33(k) = a33(k-1)
	792	ENDIF
	793
	794	ENDDO
	795	!
	796	!-- Define the size of the filter functions and allocate them.
	797	merg = 0
	798
	799	! arrays must be large enough to cover the largest length scale
	800	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
[2938]	801	j = MAX( ABS(nux(k)), ABS(nuy(k)), ABS(nuz(k)), &
	802	ABS(nvx(k)), ABS(nvy(k)), ABS(nvz(k)), &
	803	ABS(nwx(k)), ABS(nwy(k)), ABS(nwz(k)) )
[2259]	804	IF ( j > merg ) merg = j
	805	ENDDO
	806
	807	merg = 2 * merg
	808	mergp = merg + nbgp
	809
[2938]	810	ALLOCATE ( bux(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	811	buy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	812	buz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	813	bvx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	814	bvy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	815	bvz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	816	bwx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	817	bwy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	818	bwz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) )
[2259]	819
	820	!
[2938]	821	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at xz-layer
	822	ALLOCATE ( fu_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fuo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
	823	fv_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fvo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
	824	fw_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fwo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
[2259]	825
[2938]	826	!
	827	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at yz-layer
	828	ALLOCATE ( fu_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fuo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
	829	fv_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fvo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
	830	fw_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fwo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
[2259]	831
[2938]	832	fu_xz = 0.0_wp
	833	fuo_xz = 0.0_wp
	834	fv_xz = 0.0_wp
	835	fvo_xz = 0.0_wp
	836	fw_xz = 0.0_wp
	837	fwo_xz = 0.0_wp
	838
	839	fu_yz = 0.0_wp
	840	fuo_yz = 0.0_wp
	841	fv_yz = 0.0_wp
	842	fvo_yz = 0.0_wp
	843	fw_yz = 0.0_wp
	844	fwo_yz = 0.0_wp
	845
[2259]	846	!
	847	!-- Create filter functions
[2938]	848	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
[2259]	849	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
	850	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
[2938]	851	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
[2259]	852	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
	853	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
[2938]	854	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
[2259]	855	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
	856	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
	857
	858	#if defined( __parallel )
	859	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	860	#endif
	861
	862	!
[2938]	863	!-- In case of restart, calculate velocity seeds fu, fv, fw from former
	864	! time step.
	865	! Bug: fu, fv, fw are different in those heights where a11, a22, a33
	866	! are 0 compared to the prerun. This is mostly for k=nzt+1.
[2259]	867	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
[2938]	868	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
	869
	870	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = -1
	871	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	872
[2259]	873	DO j = nysg, nyng
	874	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	875
	876	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[2938]	877	fu_yz(k,j) = ( u(k,j,i) / mc_factor - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
[2259]	878	ELSE
[2938]	879	fu_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
[2259]	880	ENDIF
	881
	882	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[2938]	883	fv_yz(k,j) = ( v(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
	884	v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
[2259]	885	ELSE
[2938]	886	fv_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
[2259]	887	ENDIF
	888
	889	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[2938]	890	fw_yz(k,j) = ( w(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
	891	a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) ) / a33(k)
[2259]	892	ELSE
[2938]	893	fw_yz = 0._wp
[2259]	894	ENDIF
	895
	896	ENDDO
	897	ENDDO
	898	ENDIF
	899	ENDIF
	900
	901	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
	902
	903	END SUBROUTINE stg_init
	904
	905
	906	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	907	! Description:
	908	! ------------
	909	!> Calculate filter function bxx from length scale nxx following Eg.9 and 10
	910	!> (Xie and Castro, 2008)
	911	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	912	SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func( nxx, bxx )
	913
	914
	915	IMPLICIT NONE
	916
	917	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
	918	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k !< length scale nXX in height k
	919	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k2 !< n_k * 2
	920	INTEGER(iwp) :: nf !< index for length scales
	921
	922	REAL(wp) :: bdenom !< denominator for filter functions bXX
	923	REAL(wp) :: qsi = 1.0_wp !< minimization factor
	924
	925	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:) :: nxx(nzb:nzt+1) !< length scale (in gp)
	926
	927	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) :: bxx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) !< filter function
	928
	929
	930	bxx = 0.0_wp
	931
	932	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	933	bdenom = 0.0_wp
	934	n_k = nxx(k)
	935	IF ( n_k /= 0 ) THEN
	936	n_k2 = n_k * 2
	937
	938	!
	939	!-- ( Eq.10 )^2
	940	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
	941	bdenom = bdenom + EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k )**2
	942	ENDDO
	943
	944	!
	945	!-- ( Eq.9 )
	946	bdenom = SQRT( bdenom )
	947	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
	948	bxx(nf,k) = EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k ) / bdenom
	949	ENDDO
	950	ENDIF
	951	ENDDO
	952
	953	END SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func
	954
	955
	956	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	957	! Description:
	958	! ------------
	959	!> Parin for &stg_par for synthetic turbulence generator
	960	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	961	SUBROUTINE stg_parin
	962
	963
	964	IMPLICIT NONE
	965
	966	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	967
	968
[2776]	969	NAMELIST /stg_par/ use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	970
	971	line = ' '
	972
	973	!
	974	!-- Try to find stg package
	975	REWIND ( 11 )
	976	line = ' '
	977	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&stg_par' ) == 0 )
[3246]	978	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=20 ) line
[2259]	979	ENDDO
	980	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	981
	982	!
	983	!-- Read namelist
[3246]	984	READ ( 11, stg_par, ERR = 10, END = 20 )
[2259]	985
	986	!
	987	!-- Set flag that indicates that the synthetic turbulence generator is switched
	988	!-- on
[2776]	989	syn_turb_gen = .TRUE.
[3246]	990	GOTO 20
[2259]	991
[3246]	992	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	993	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	994	CALL parin_fail_message( 'stg_par', line )
[2563]	995
[3246]	996	20 CONTINUE
[2259]	997
	998	END SUBROUTINE stg_parin
	999
	1000
	1001	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1002	! Description:
	1003	! ------------
[2894]	1004	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
[2576]	1005	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	1006	SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global( found )
[2576]	1007
	1008
[2894]	1009	USE control_parameters, &
	1010	ONLY: length, restart_string
[2576]	1011
	1012
[2894]	1013	IMPLICIT NONE
[2576]	1014
[3044]	1015	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !< flag indicating if variable was found
[2259]	1016
	1017
[2894]	1018	found = .TRUE.
[2259]	1019
[3038]	1020
[2894]	1021	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
[2259]	1022
[2894]	1023	CASE ( 'mc_factor' )
	1024	READ ( 13 ) mc_factor
	1025	CASE ( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
	1026	READ ( 13 ) use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	1027
[2894]	1028	CASE DEFAULT
[2259]	1029
[3038]	1030	found = .FALSE.
[2259]	1031
[2894]	1032	END SELECT
[2259]	1033
	1034
[2894]	1035	END SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global
[2259]	1036
	1037
	1038	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1039	! Description:
	1040	! ------------
	1041	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
	1042	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	1043	SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	1044
	1045
	1046	IMPLICIT NONE
	1047
[2894]	1048	CALL wrd_write_string( 'mc_factor' )
[2259]	1049	WRITE ( 14 ) mc_factor
	1050
[2894]	1051	CALL wrd_write_string( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
	1052	WRITE ( 14 ) use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	1053
	1054
[2894]	1055	END SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	1056
[2894]	1057
[2259]	1058	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1059	! Description:
	1060	! ------------
	1061	!> Create turbulent inflow fields for u, v, w with prescribed length scales and
	1062	!> Reynolds stress tensor after a method of Xie and Castro (2008), modified
	1063	!> following suggestions of Kim et al. (2013), and using a Lund rotation
	1064	!> (Lund, 1998).
	1065	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1066	SUBROUTINE stg_main
	1067
	1068
	1069	USE arrays_3d, &
	1070	ONLY: dzw
	1071
	1072	USE control_parameters, &
[3182]	1073	ONLY: child_domain, dt_3d, intermediate_timestep_count, &
	1074	nesting_offline, rans_mode, simulated_time, volume_flow_initial
[2259]	1075
[2938]	1076	USE grid_variables, &
	1077	ONLY: dx, dy
	1078
[2259]	1079	USE indices, &
[2938]	1080	ONLY: wall_flags_0
[2259]	1081
	1082	USE statistics, &
	1083	ONLY: weight_substep
	1084
[2945]	1085	USE pmc_interface, &
	1086	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
[2259]	1087
[2945]	1088
[2259]	1089	IMPLICIT NONE
	1090
[2938]	1091	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
[2259]	1092	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
	1093	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	1094
	1095	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg !< wheighted subtimestep
	1096	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor_l !< local mass flux correction factor
[2938]	1097	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow !< mass flux through lateral boundary
	1098	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow_l !< local mass flux through lateral boundary
[2259]	1099
[2938]	1100	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg,5) :: dist_xz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
	1101	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,5) :: dist_yz !< imposed disturbances at left/right boundary
[2259]	1102
	1103
	1104	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
	1105
	1106	!
	1107	!-- Calculate time step which is needed for filter functions
	1108	dt_stg = dt_3d * weight_substep(intermediate_timestep_count)
	1109
	1110	!
	1111	!-- Initial value of fu, fv, fw
	1112	IF ( simulated_time == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. velocity_seed_initialized ) THEN
[2938]	1113	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_left )
	1114	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_left )
	1115	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_left )
	1116
[3182]	1117	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	1118	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
[2938]	1119	!
	1120	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
	1121	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_right )
	1122	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_right )
	1123	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_right )
	1124	!
	1125	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
	1126	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_north )
	1127	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_north )
	1128	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_north )
	1129	!
	1130	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
	1131	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_south )
	1132	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_south )
	1133	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_south )
	1134	ENDIF
[2259]	1135	velocity_seed_initialized = .TRUE.
	1136	ENDIF
	1137	!
	1138	!-- New set of fu, fv, fw
[2938]	1139	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_left )
	1140	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_left )
	1141	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_left )
[2259]	1142
[3182]	1143	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	1144	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
[2938]	1145	!
	1146	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
	1147	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1148	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1149	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1150	!
	1151	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
	1152	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1153	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1154	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1155	!
	1156	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
	1157	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1158	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1159	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1160	ENDIF
	1161	!
	1162	!-- Turbulence generation at left and or right boundary
	1163	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
[2259]	1164
	1165	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1166	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
	1167	!
	1168	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1169	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2938]	1170	fu_yz(k,j) = fuo_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1171	ELSE
[2938]	1172	fu_yz(k,j) = fu_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
	1173	fuo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
[2259]	1174	ENDIF
	1175
	1176	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2938]	1177	fv_yz(k,j) = fvo_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1178	ELSE
[2938]	1179	fv_yz(k,j) = fv_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
	1180	fvo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
[2259]	1181	ENDIF
	1182
	1183	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2938]	1184	fw_yz(k,j) = fwo_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1185	ELSE
[2938]	1186	fw_yz(k,j) = fw_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
	1187	fwo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
[2259]	1188	ENDIF
	1189	!
	1190	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
	1191	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
	1192	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
[2938]	1193	dist_yz(k,j,1) = 0.0_wp
	1194	dist_yz(k,j,2) = 0.0_wp
	1195	dist_yz(k,j,3) = 0.0_wp
	1196	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
	1197	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
[2259]	1198	ELSE
[2938]	1199	dist_yz(k,j,1) = a11(k) * fu_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1200	!experimental test of 1.2
[2945]	1201	dist_yz(k,j,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
[2259]	1202	* 1.2_wp ) &
[2945]	1203	* ( a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
[2938]	1204	+ a22(k) * fv_yz(k,j) )
[2945]	1205	dist_yz(k,j,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
[2259]	1206	* 1.3_wp ) &
[2945]	1207	* ( a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
	1208	+ a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) &
[2938]	1209	+ a33(k) * fw_yz(k,j) )
[2259]	1210	! Calculation for pt and e not yet implemented
[2938]	1211	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
	1212	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
[2259]	1213	ENDIF
	1214
	1215	ENDDO
	1216	ENDDO
	1217
	1218	!
	1219	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
	1220	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
	1221	!-- inflow boundary
[3182]	1222	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
[2938]	1223	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
	1224	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
	1225	DO j = nys, nyn
	1226	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1227	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + dzw(k) * &
	1228	( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) )
	1229	ENDDO
[2259]	1230	ENDDO
	1231
	1232	#if defined( __parallel )
[2938]	1233	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
	1234	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
[2259]	1235	#else
[2938]	1236	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
[2259]	1237	#endif
	1238
[2938]	1239	mc_factor = volume_flow_initial(1) / mc_factor
[2259]	1240
	1241	!
[2938]	1242	!-- Add disturbance at the inflow
	1243	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1244	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1245	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + &
	1246	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
	1247	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) + &
	1248	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
	1249	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = dist_yz(k,j,3) * mc_factor
	1250	ENDDO
[2259]	1251	ENDDO
[2938]	1252
	1253	ELSE
	1254	!
	1255	!-- First, calculate volume flow at yz boundary
	1256	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
	1257	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	1258
	1259	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
	1260	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
	1261	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
	1262	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
	1263	DO j = nys, nyn
	1264	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1265	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy &
[3038]	1266	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2938]	1267	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	1268
	1269	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( u(k,j,i) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
	1270	* dzw(k) * dy &
[3038]	1271	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2938]	1272	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	1273	ENDDO
	1274	ENDDO
	1275	#if defined( __parallel )
	1276	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
	1277	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
	1278	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
	1279	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
	1280	#else
	1281	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
	1282	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
	1283	#endif
	1284
	1285	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
	1286
	1287	!
	1288	!-- Add disturbances
	1289	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) THEN
	1290
[3186]	1291	DO j = nys, nyn
	1292	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1293	u(k,j,0) = ( u(k,j,0) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
	1294	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1295	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,0), 1 ) )
	1296	v(k,j,-1) = ( v(k,j,-1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
	1297	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1298	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,-1), 2 ) )
	1299	w(k,j,-1) = ( w(k,j,-1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
	1300	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1301	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,-1), 3 ) )
[2938]	1302	ENDDO
	1303	ENDDO
	1304	ENDIF
	1305	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
	1306
[3186]	1307	DO j = nys, nyn
	1308	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1309	u(k,j,nxr+1) = ( u(k,j,nxr+1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
	1310	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1311	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nxr+1), 1 ) )
	1312	v(k,j,nxr+1) = ( v(k,j,nxr+1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
	1313	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1314	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nxr+1), 2 ) )
	1315	w(k,j,nxr+1) = ( w(k,j,nxr+1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
	1316	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1317	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nxr+1), 3 ) )
[2938]	1318	ENDDO
	1319	ENDDO
	1320	ENDIF
	1321	ENDIF
	1322
	1323	ENDIF
	1324	!
	1325	!-- Turbulence generation at north and south boundary
	1326	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north .OR. myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
	1327
	1328	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1329	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
	1330	!
	1331	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1332	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1333	fu_xz(k,i) = fuo_xz(k,i)
	1334	ELSE
	1335	fu_xz(k,i) = fu_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
	1336	fuo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
	1337	ENDIF
	1338
	1339	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1340	fv_xz(k,i) = fvo_xz(k,i)
	1341	ELSE
	1342	fv_xz(k,i) = fv_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
	1343	fvo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
	1344	ENDIF
	1345
	1346	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1347	fw_xz(k,i) = fwo_xz(k,i)
	1348	ELSE
	1349	fw_xz(k,i) = fw_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
	1350	fwo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
	1351	ENDIF
	1352	!
	1353	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
	1354	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
	1355	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
	1356	dist_xz(k,i,1) = 0.0_wp
	1357	dist_xz(k,i,2) = 0.0_wp
	1358	dist_xz(k,i,3) = 0.0_wp
	1359
	1360	ELSE
	1361	dist_xz(k,i,1) = a11(k) * fu_xz(k,i)
	1362	!experimental test of 1.2
	1363	dist_xz(k,i,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
	1364	* 1.2_wp ) &
	1365	* ( a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
	1366	+ a22(k) * fv_xz(k,i) )
	1367	dist_xz(k,i,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
	1368	* 1.3_wp ) &
	1369	* ( a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
	1370	+ a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) &
	1371	+ a33(k) * fw_xz(k,i) )
	1372	ENDIF
	1373
	1374	ENDDO
[2259]	1375	ENDDO
[2938]	1376	!
	1377	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
	1378	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
	1379	!-- inflow boundary.
	1380	!-- First, calculate volume flow at xz boundary
	1381	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
	1382	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
[2259]	1383
[2938]	1384	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
	1385	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
	1386	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
	1387	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
	1388	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1389	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
[2945]	1390	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx &
[3038]	1391	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2938]	1392	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
	1393
[2945]	1394	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( v(k,j,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
	1395	* dzw(k) * dx &
[3038]	1396	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2938]	1397	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
	1398	ENDDO
	1399	ENDDO
	1400	#if defined( __parallel )
[2945]	1401	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
[2938]	1402	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
[2945]	1403	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
[2938]	1404	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
	1405	#else
	1406	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
	1407	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
	1408	#endif
	1409
	1410	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
	1411
	1412	!
	1413	!-- Add disturbances
	1414	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
	1415
[3186]	1416	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1417	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1418	u(k,-1,i) = ( u(k,-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
	1419	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1420	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,-1,i), 1 ) )
	1421	v(k,0,i) = ( v(k,0,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
	1422	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1423	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,0,i), 2 ) )
	1424	w(k,-1,i) = ( w(k,-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
	1425	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1426	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,-1,i), 3 ) )
[2938]	1427	ENDDO
	1428	ENDDO
	1429	ENDIF
	1430	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
	1431
[3186]	1432	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1433	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1434	u(k,nyn+1,i) = ( u(k,nyn+1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
	1435	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1436	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,nyn+1,i), 1 ) )
	1437	v(k,nyn+1,i) = ( v(k,nyn+1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
	1438	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1439	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,nyn+1,i), 2 ) )
	1440	w(k,nyn+1,i) = ( w(k,nyn+1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
	1441	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1442	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,nyn+1,i), 3 ) )
[2938]	1443	ENDDO
	1444	ENDDO
	1445	ENDIF
[2259]	1446	ENDIF
	1447
	1448	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
	1449
	1450	END SUBROUTINE stg_main
	1451
	1452	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1453	! Description:
	1454	! ------------
	1455	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
	1456	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
	1457	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in x-direction and
	1458	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
	1459	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
	1460	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2938]	1461	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz( n_y, n_z, b_y, b_z, f_n, id )
[2259]	1462
	1463
	1464	USE indices, &
	1465	ONLY: ny
	1466
	1467	IMPLICIT NONE
	1468
[2938]	1469	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
[2259]	1470	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
	1471	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< loop index in y-direction
	1472	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	1473	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
	1474	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
	1475
	1476	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y !< length scale in y-direction
	1477	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
	1478	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y2 !< n_y*2
	1479	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
	1480
	1481	REAL(wp) :: nyz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in yz-slice
	1482	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
	1483	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
	1484
	1485	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_y !< filter func in y-dir
	1486	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
[2938]	1487	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
[2259]	1488	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n !< velocity seed
	1489	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
	1490
	1491
	1492	!
	1493	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
	1494	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
	1495	!-- unit variance.
	1496	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:ny+mergp) )
	1497
	1498	rand_av = 0.0_wp
	1499	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
	1500	nyz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( ny+1 ), KIND=wp )
	1501
	1502	DO j = 0, ny
	1503	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1504	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,j) )
	1505	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,j)
	1506	ENDDO
	1507	ENDDO
	1508
	1509	rand_av = rand_av * nyz_inv
	1510
	1511	DO j = 0, ny
	1512	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1513	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) - rand_av
	1514	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,j) ** 2
	1515	ENDDO
	1516	ENDDO
	1517
	1518	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nyz_inv)
	1519
	1520	DO j = 0, ny
	1521	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1522	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) * rand_sigma_inv
	1523	ENDDO
	1524	ENDDO
	1525
	1526	!
	1527	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
	1528	DO j = 0, ny
	1529	DO k = 1, mergp
	1530	rand_it(nzb -k,j) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,j) ! bottom margin
	1531	rand_it(nzt+1+k,j) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,j) ! top margin
	1532	ENDDO
	1533	ENDDO
	1534	DO j = 1, mergp
	1535	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
	1536	rand_it(k, -j) = rand_it(k,ny-j+1) ! south margin
	1537	rand_it(k,ny+j) = rand_it(k, j-1) ! north margin
	1538	ENDDO
	1539	ENDDO
	1540
	1541	!
	1542	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1543	n_y2 = n_y * 2
	1544	n_z2 = n_z * 2
	1545	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
	1546
	1547	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2938]	1548	DO k = nzb_x_stg, nzt_x_stg+1
[2259]	1549	DO jj = -n_y2(k), n_y2(k)
	1550	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
	1551	f_n_l(k,j) = f_n_l(k,j) &
	1552	+ b_y(jj,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,j+jj)
	1553	ENDDO
	1554	ENDDO
	1555	ENDDO
	1556	ENDDO
	1557
	1558	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
	1559	!
	1560	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
[2938]	1561	send_count = nzt_x_stg - nzb_x_stg + 1
	1562	IF ( nzt_x_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
[2259]	1563
	1564	#if defined( __parallel )
[2945]	1565	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_x_stg,nysg), send_count, stg_type_yz_small, &
	1566	f_n(nzb+1,nysg), recv_count_yz, displs_yz, stg_type_yz, &
[2938]	1567	id, comm1dx, ierr )
[2259]	1568	#else
[2938]	1569	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) = f_n_l(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng)
[2259]	1570	#endif
	1571
	1572
	1573	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz
	1574
[2938]	1575
	1576
	1577
	1578	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1579	! Description:
	1580	! ------------
	1581	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
	1582	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
	1583	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in y-direction and
	1584	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
	1585	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
	1586	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1587	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz( n_x, n_z, b_x, b_z, f_n, id )
	1588
	1589
	1590	USE indices, &
	1591	ONLY: nx
	1592
	1593
	1594	IMPLICIT NONE
	1595
	1596	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
	1597	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
	1598	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop index in x-direction
	1599	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	1600	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
	1601	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
	1602
	1603	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x !< length scale in x-direction
	1604	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
	1605	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x2 !< n_y*2
	1606	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
	1607
	1608	REAL(wp) :: nxz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in xz-slice
	1609	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
	1610	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
	1611
	1612	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_x !< filter func in y-dir
	1613	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
	1614	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
	1615	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n !< velocity seed
	1616	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
	1617
	1618
	1619	!
	1620	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
	1621	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
	1622	!-- unit variance.
	1623	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:nx+mergp) )
	1624
	1625	rand_av = 0.0_wp
	1626	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
	1627	nxz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( nx+1 ), KIND=wp )
	1628
	1629	DO i = 0, nx
	1630	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1631	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,i) )
	1632	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,i)
	1633	ENDDO
	1634	ENDDO
	1635
	1636	rand_av = rand_av * nxz_inv
	1637
	1638	DO i = 0, nx
	1639	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1640	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) - rand_av
	1641	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,i) ** 2
	1642	ENDDO
	1643	ENDDO
	1644
	1645	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nxz_inv)
	1646
	1647	DO i = 0, nx
	1648	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1649	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) * rand_sigma_inv
	1650	ENDDO
	1651	ENDDO
	1652
	1653	!
	1654	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
	1655	DO i = 0, nx
	1656	DO k = 1, mergp
	1657	rand_it(nzb-k,i) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,i) ! bottom margin
	1658	rand_it(nzt+1+k,i) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,i) ! top margin
	1659	ENDDO
	1660	ENDDO
	1661	DO i = 1, mergp
	1662	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
	1663	rand_it(k,-i) = rand_it(k,nx-i+1) ! left margin
	1664	rand_it(k,nx+i) = rand_it(k,i-1) ! right margin
	1665	ENDDO
	1666	ENDDO
	1667
	1668	!
	1669	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1670	n_x2 = n_x * 2
	1671	n_z2 = n_z * 2
	1672	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
	1673
	1674	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1675	DO k = nzb_y_stg, nzt_y_stg+1
	1676	DO ii = -n_x2(k), n_x2(k)
	1677	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
	1678	f_n_l(k,i) = f_n_l(k,i) &
	1679	+ b_x(ii,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,i+ii)
	1680	ENDDO
	1681	ENDDO
	1682	ENDDO
	1683	ENDDO
	1684
	1685	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
	1686
	1687	!
	1688	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
	1689	send_count = nzt_y_stg - nzb_y_stg + 1
	1690	IF ( nzt_y_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
	1691
	1692
	1693	#if defined( __parallel )
[2945]	1694	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_y_stg,nxlg), send_count, stg_type_xz_small, &
[2938]	1695	f_n(nzb+1,nxlg), recv_count_xz, displs_xz, stg_type_xz, &
	1696	id, comm1dy, ierr )
	1697	#else
	1698	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) = f_n_l(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg)
	1699	#endif
	1700
	1701
	1702	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz
	1703
[2259]	1704	END MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod

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