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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 @ 3183

Last change on this file since 3183 was 3183, checked in by suehring, 6 years ago
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[2259]	1	!> @synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90
	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[2259]	4	!
[2696]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
[2259]	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
	9	!
[2696]	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
[2259]	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
	17	! Copyright 2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
	18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	19	!
	20	! Current revisions:
	21	! -----------------
	22	!
[3183]	23	!
[2259]	24	! Former revisions:
	25	! -----------------
	26	! $Id: synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 3183 2018-07-27 14:25:55Z suehring $
[3183]	27	! Rename variables and extend error message
	28	! Enable geneartor also for stretched grids
	29	!
	30	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
[3065]	31	! Error message related to vertical stretching has been added, dz was replaced
	32	! by dz(1)
	33	!
	34	! 3051 2018-05-30 17:43:55Z suehring
[3051]	35	! Bugfix in calculation of initial Reynolds-stress tensor.
[3049]	36	!
	37	! 3045 2018-05-28 07:55:41Z Giersch
[3051]	38	! Error messages revised
[3045]	39	!
	40	! 3044 2018-05-25 10:59:41Z gronemeier
[3044]	41	! Add missing variable descriptions
	42	!
	43	! 3038 2018-05-24 10:54:00Z gronemeier
[3038]	44	! updated variable descriptions
	45	!
	46	! 2967 2018-04-13 11:22:08Z raasch
[2967]	47	! bugfix: missing parallel cpp-directives added
[3038]	48	!
[2967]	49	! 2946 2018-04-04 17:01:23Z suehring
[2946]	50	! Remove unused module load
[3038]	51	!
[2946]	52	! 2945 2018-04-04 16:27:14Z suehring
[3038]	53	! - Bugfix in parallelization of synthetic turbulence generator in case the
	54	! z-dimension is not an integral divisor of the number of processors along
[2945]	55	! the x- and y-dimension
[3038]	56	! - Revision in control mimic in case of RAN-LES nesting
	57	!
[2945]	58	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
[3038]	59	! Apply turbulence generator at all non-cyclic lateral boundaries in case of
	60	! realistic Inifor large-scale forcing or RANS-LES nesting
	61	!
[2938]	62	! 2936 2018-03-27 14:49:27Z suehring
[3038]	63	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was found,
	64	! reading of restart strings has been moved completely to read_restart_data_mod,
	65	! redundant skipping function has been removed, stg_read/write_restart_data
	66	! have been renamed to stg_r/wrd_global, stg_rrd_global is called in
[2894]	67	! read_restart_data_mod now, flag syn_turb_gen_prerun and marker *** end stg
[3038]	68	! *** have been removed (Giersch), strings and their respective lengths are
	69	! written out and read now in case of restart runs to get rid of prescribed
	70	! character lengths (Giersch), CASE DEFAULT was added if restart data is read
	71	!
[2894]	72	! 2841 2018-02-27 15:02:57Z suehring
[2841]	73	! Bugfix: wrong placement of include 'mpif.h' corrected
[3038]	74	!
[2841]	75	! 2836 2018-02-26 13:40:05Z Giersch
[3038]	76	! The variables synthetic_turbulence_generator and
[2836]	77	! use_synthetic_turbulence_generator have been abbreviated + syn_turb_gen_prerun
	78	! flag is used to define if module related parameters were outputted as restart
[3038]	79	! data
	80	!
[2776]	81	! 2716 2017-12-29 16:35:59Z kanani
[2716]	82	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
[3038]	83	!
[2716]	84	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	85	! Change in file header (GPL part)
	86	!
	87	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
[2669]	88	! unit number for file containing turbulence generator data changed to 90
	89	! bugfix: preprocessor directives added for MPI specific code
[3038]	90	!
[2669]	91	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
[3038]	92	! Definition of a new function called stg_skip_global to skip module
[2576]	93	! parameters during reading restart data
[3038]	94	!
[2576]	95	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
[2563]	96	! stg_read_restart_data is called in stg_parin in the case of a restart run
[3038]	97	!
[2563]	98	! 2259 2017-06-08 09:09:11Z gronemeier
[2259]	99	! Initial revision
	100	!
	101	!
[3038]	102	!
[2259]	103	! Authors:
	104	! --------
	105	! @author Tobias Gronemeier, Atsushi Inagaki, Micha Gryschka, Christoph Knigge
	106	!
	107	!
	108	! Description:
	109	! ------------
	110	!> The module generates turbulence at the inflow boundary based on a method by
	111	!> Xie and Castro (2008) utilizing a Lund rotation (Lund, 1998) and a mass-flux
	112	!> correction by Kim et al. (2013).
	113	!> The turbulence is correlated based on length scales in y- and z-direction and
	114	!> a time scale for each velocity component. The profiles of length and time
	115	!> scales, mean u, v, w, e and pt, and all components of the Reynolds stress
	116	!> tensor are read from file STG_PROFILES.
	117	!>
	118	!> @todo test restart
	119	!> enable cyclic_fill
	120	!> implement turbulence generation for e and pt
[2945]	121	!> @todo Input of height-constant length scales via namelist
[2259]	122	!> @note <Enter notes on the module>
	123	!> @bug Height information from input file is not used. Profiles from input
	124	!> must match with current PALM grid.
	125	!> In case of restart, velocity seeds differ from precursor run if a11,
	126	!> a22, or a33 are zero.
	127	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	128	MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod
	129
	130
	131	USE arrays_3d, &
	132	ONLY: mean_inflow_profiles, u, v, w
	133
	134	USE constants, &
	135	ONLY: pi
	136
	137	USE control_parameters, &
[2938]	138	ONLY: initializing_actions, message_string, syn_turb_gen
[2259]	139
	140	USE cpulog, &
	141	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point, log_point_s
	142
	143	USE indices, &
[2938]	144	ONLY: nbgp, nzb, nzt, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, nys, nyn, nyng, nysg
[2259]	145
	146	USE kinds
	147
[2967]	148	#if defined( __parallel ) && !defined( __mpifh )
[2259]	149	USE MPI
[2841]	150	#endif
[2259]	151
	152	USE pegrid, &
[2938]	153	ONLY: comm1dx, comm1dy, comm2d, ierr, myidx, myidy, pdims
[2259]	154
	155	USE transpose_indices, &
	156	ONLY: nzb_x, nzt_x
	157
	158
	159	IMPLICIT NONE
	160
[2967]	161	#if defined( __parallel ) && defined( __mpifh )
[2841]	162	INCLUDE "mpif.h"
	163	#endif
	164
[3182]	165
[2776]	166	LOGICAL :: velocity_seed_initialized = .FALSE. !< true after first call of stg_main
	167	LOGICAL :: use_syn_turb_gen = .FALSE. !< switch to use synthetic turbulence generator
[2259]	168
[3038]	169	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_left !< left lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	170	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_north !< north lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	171	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_right !< right lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	172	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_south !< south lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
[2938]	173	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz !< MPI type for full z range
	174	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz_small !< MPI type for small z range
	175	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz !< MPI type for full z range
	176	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz_small !< MPI type for small z range
	177	INTEGER(iwp) :: merg !< maximum length scale (in gp)
	178	INTEGER(iwp) :: mergp !< merg + nbgp
[3038]	179	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_x_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
	180	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_x_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
	181	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_y_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
	182	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_y_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
[2259]	183
	184	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor !< mass flux correction factor
	185
[2938]	186	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_xz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
	187	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_xz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
	188	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_yz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
	189	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_yz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
	190	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nux !< length scale of u in x direction (in gp)
	191	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuy !< length scale of u in y direction (in gp)
	192	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuz !< length scale of u in z direction (in gp)
	193	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvx !< length scale of v in x direction (in gp)
	194	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvy !< length scale of v in y direction (in gp)
	195	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvz !< length scale of v in z direction (in gp)
	196	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwx !< length scale of w in x direction (in gp)
	197	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwy !< length scale of w in y direction (in gp)
	198	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwz !< length scale of w in z direction (in gp)
[2259]	199
	200	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: seed !< seed of random number for rn-generator
	201
	202	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a11 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	203	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a21 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	204	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a22 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	205	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a31 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	206	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a32 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	207	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a33 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	208	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tu !< Lagrangian time scale of u
	209	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tv !< Lagrangian time scale of v
	210	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tw !< Lagrangian time scale of w
	211
[2938]	212	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bux !< filter function for u in x direction
[2259]	213	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buy !< filter function for u in y direction
	214	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buz !< filter function for u in z direction
[2938]	215	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvx !< filter function for v in x direction
[2259]	216	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvy !< filter function for v in y direction
	217	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvz !< filter function for v in z direction
[2938]	218	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwx !< filter function for w in y direction
[2259]	219	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwy !< filter function for w in y direction
	220	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwz !< filter function for w in z direction
[2938]	221	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane
	222	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane with new random number
	223	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane
	224	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane with new random number
	225	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane
	226	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane with new random number
	227	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane
	228	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane with new random number
	229	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane
	230	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane with new random number
	231	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane
	232	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane with new random number
[2259]	233
	234
	235	!
	236	!-- PALM interfaces:
	237	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
	238	INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
	239	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_check_parameters
	240	END INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
	241
	242	!
	243	!-- Calculate filter functions
	244	INTERFACE stg_filter_func
	245	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_filter_func
	246	END INTERFACE stg_filter_func
	247
	248	!
[2938]	249	!-- Generate velocity seeds at south and north domain boundary
	250	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
	251	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_xz
	252	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
	253	!
	254	!-- Generate velocity seeds at left and/or right domain boundary
[2259]	255	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
	256	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_yz
	257	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
	258
	259	!
	260	!-- Output of information to the header file
	261	INTERFACE stg_header
	262	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_header
	263	END INTERFACE stg_header
	264
	265	!
	266	!-- Initialization actions
	267	INTERFACE stg_init
	268	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_init
	269	END INTERFACE stg_init
	270
	271	!
	272	!-- Main procedure of synth. turb. gen.
	273	INTERFACE stg_main
	274	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_main
	275	END INTERFACE stg_main
	276
	277	!
	278	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
	279	INTERFACE stg_parin
	280	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_parin
	281	END INTERFACE stg_parin
	282
	283	!
	284	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
[2894]	285	INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
	286	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_rrd_global
	287	END INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
[2259]	288
	289	!
	290	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs
[2894]	291	INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
	292	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_wrd_global
	293	END INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	294
	295	SAVE
	296
	297	PRIVATE
	298
	299	!
	300	!-- Public interfaces
	301	PUBLIC stg_check_parameters, stg_header, stg_init, stg_main, stg_parin, &
[2894]	302	stg_wrd_global, stg_rrd_global
[2259]	303
	304	!
	305	!-- Public variables
[2938]	306	PUBLIC id_stg_left, id_stg_north, id_stg_right, id_stg_south, &
	307	use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	308
	309
	310	CONTAINS
	311
	312
	313	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	314	! Description:
	315	! ------------
	316	!> Check parameters routine for synthetic turbulence generator
	317	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	318	SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
	319
	320
	321	USE control_parameters, &
[3182]	322	ONLY: bc_lr, bc_ns, child_domain, nesting_offline, &
	323	number_stretch_level_start, rans_mode, turbulent_inflow
[2259]	324
[2938]	325	USE pmc_interface, &
	326	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
[2259]	327
[2938]	328
[2259]	329	IMPLICIT NONE
	330
[3182]	331	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. &
	332	nesting_offline ) THEN
	333	message_string = 'No synthetic turbulence generator is applied. ' // &
	334	'In case PALM operates in LES mode and lateral ' // &
	335	'boundary conditions are provided by COSMO model, ' // &
	336	'turbulence may require large adjustment lenght at ' //&
	337	'the lateral inflow boundaries. Please check your ' // &
	338	'results carefully.'
	339	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
[2938]	340	ENDIF
	341
[3182]	342	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. child_domain &
[2938]	343	.AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
	344	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
	345	'when nesting is applied and parent operates in ' // &
	346	'RANS-mode but current child in LES mode.'
	347	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	348	ENDIF
	349
[2776]	350	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
[2259]	351
[3182]	352	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
	353
[2938]	354	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles' ) == 0 &
	355	.AND. INDEX( initializing_actions, 'read_restart_data' ) == 0 ) THEN
	356	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[3046]	357	'requires %initializing_actions = ' // &
[2938]	358	'"set_constant_profiles" or "read_restart_data"'
	359	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0015', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	360	ENDIF
	361
	362	IF ( bc_lr /= 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
	363	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[3046]	364	'requires &bc_lr = "dirichlet/radiation"'
[2938]	365	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0035', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	366	ENDIF
	367	IF ( bc_ns /= 'cyclic' ) THEN
	368	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[3046]	369	'requires &bc_ns = "cyclic"'
[2938]	370	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0037', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	371	ENDIF
	372
[2259]	373	ENDIF
	374
	375	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
	376	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[2938]	377	'in combination &with turbulent_inflow = .T. '// &
	378	'is not allowed'
[2259]	379	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0039', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	380	ENDIF
	381
	382	ENDIF
	383
	384	END SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
	385
	386
	387	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	388	! Description:
	389	! ------------
	390	!> Header output for synthetic turbulence generator
	391	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	392	SUBROUTINE stg_header ( io )
	393
	394
	395	IMPLICIT NONE
	396
	397	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
	398
	399	!
	400	!-- Write synthetic turbulence generator Header
	401	WRITE( io, 1 )
[2776]	402	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
[2259]	403	WRITE( io, 2 )
	404	ELSE
	405	WRITE( io, 3 )
	406	ENDIF
	407
	408	1 FORMAT (//' Synthetic turbulence generator information:'/ &
	409	' ------------------------------------------'/)
	410	2 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched on')
	411	3 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched off')
	412
	413	END SUBROUTINE stg_header
	414
	415
	416	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	417	! Description:
	418	! ------------
	419	!> Initialization of the synthetic turbulence generator
	420	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	421	SUBROUTINE stg_init
	422
	423
	424	USE arrays_3d, &
[2938]	425	ONLY: ddzw, u_init, v_init, zu
[2259]	426
	427	USE control_parameters, &
[3182]	428	ONLY: child_domain, coupling_char, dz, e_init, nesting_offline, &
	429	rans_mode
[2259]	430
	431	USE grid_variables, &
[2938]	432	ONLY: ddx, ddy
[2259]	433
[2938]	434	USE indices, &
	435	ONLY: nz
[2259]	436
[2945]	437	USE pmc_interface, &
	438	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
[2938]	439
[2945]	440
[2259]	441	IMPLICIT NONE
	442
[2938]	443	LOGICAL :: file_stg_exist = .FALSE. !< flag indication whether parameter file for Reynolds stress and length scales exist
	444
[2669]	445	#if defined( __parallel )
[2259]	446	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: extent !< extent of new MPI type
	447	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: tob=0 !< dummy variable
[2669]	448	#endif
[2259]	449
[2938]	450	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !> grid index in x-direction
[2259]	451	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !> loop index
	452	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index
	453	INTEGER(iwp) :: newtype !< dummy MPI type
	454	INTEGER(iwp) :: realsize !< size of REAL variables
	455	INTEGER(iwp) :: nseed !< dimension of random number seed
	456	INTEGER(iwp) :: startseed = 1234567890 !< start seed for random number generator
	457
	458	!
	459	!-- Dummy variables used for reading profiles
	460	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< u profile
	461	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< v profile
	462	REAL(wp) :: d3 !< w profile
	463	REAL(wp) :: d5 !< e profile
	464	REAL(wp) :: d11 !< vertical interpolation for a11
	465	REAL(wp) :: d21 !< vertical interpolation for a21
	466	REAL(wp) :: d22 !< vertical interpolation for a22
[2938]	467	REAL(wp) :: dum_exp !< dummy variable used for exponential vertical decrease of turbulent length scales
[2259]	468	REAL(wp) :: luy !< length scale for u in y direction
	469	REAL(wp) :: luz !< length scale for u in z direction
	470	REAL(wp) :: lvy !< length scale for v in y direction
	471	REAL(wp) :: lvz !< length scale for v in z direction
	472	REAL(wp) :: lwy !< length scale for w in y direction
	473	REAL(wp) :: lwz !< length scale for w in z direction
[3038]	474	REAL(wp) :: nnz !< increment used to determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x and y direction
[2259]	475	REAL(wp) :: zz !< height
	476
[3044]	477	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_surface !< typical length scale
	478	REAL(wp) :: r_ii_0 !< correction factor
	479	REAL(wp) :: time_scale !< typical time scale
	480	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_z !< typical length scale
[2938]	481
[2259]	482	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r11 !< Reynolds parameter
	483	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r21 !< Reynolds parameter
	484	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r22 !< Reynolds parameter
	485	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r31 !< Reynolds parameter
	486	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r32 !< Reynolds parameter
	487	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r33 !< Reynolds parameter
	488
	489
	490	#if defined( __parallel )
	491	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	492	#endif
	493
	494	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
	495
	496	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( mean_inflow_profiles ) ) &
	497	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
	498
	499	ALLOCATE ( a11(nzb:nzt+1), a21(nzb:nzt+1), a22(nzb:nzt+1), &
	500	a31(nzb:nzt+1), a32(nzb:nzt+1), a33(nzb:nzt+1), &
[2938]	501	nux(nzb:nzt+1), nuy(nzb:nzt+1), nuz(nzb:nzt+1), &
	502	nvx(nzb:nzt+1), nvy(nzb:nzt+1), nvz(nzb:nzt+1), &
	503	nwx(nzb:nzt+1), nwy(nzb:nzt+1), nwz(nzb:nzt+1), &
[2259]	504	tu(nzb:nzt+1), tv(nzb:nzt+1), tw(nzb:nzt+1) )
	505
[2669]	506	#if defined( __parallel )
[2259]	507	!
[2938]	508	!-- Determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x- and y-direction
	509	nnz = nz / pdims(1)
[2945]	510	nzb_x_stg = 1 + myidx * INT( nnz )
	511	nzt_x_stg = ( myidx + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
[2938]	512
[3038]	513	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(1) ) /= 0 .AND. myidx == id_stg_right ) &
[2945]	514	nzt_x_stg = nzt_x_stg + myidx * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
	515	! nzt_x_stg = myidx * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(1) )
[2938]	516
[3182]	517	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	518	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
[2938]	519	nnz = nz / pdims(2)
[2945]	520	nzb_y_stg = 1 + myidy * INT( nnz )
	521	nzt_y_stg = ( myidy + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
[2938]	522
[2945]	523	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(2) ) /= 0 .AND. myidy == id_stg_north ) &
[3038]	524	nzt_y_stg = nzt_y_stg + myidy * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
[2945]	525	! nzt_y_stg = myidy * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(2) )
[2938]	526	ENDIF
	527
	528	!
[2259]	529	!-- Define MPI type used in stg_generate_seed_yz to gather vertical splitted
	530	!-- velocity seeds
	531	CALL MPI_TYPE_SIZE( MPI_REAL, realsize, ierr )
	532	extent = 1 * realsize
[2938]	533	!
[3038]	534	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at yz
	535	!-- layer
[2938]	536	!-- stg_type_yz: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
[2259]	537	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
	538	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	539	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz, ierr )
	540	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz, ierr )
	541	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	542
[2938]	543	! stg_type_yz_small: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
[2945]	544	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
[2259]	545	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	546	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
	547	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
	548	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	549
	550	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
[2938]	551	ALLOCATE( recv_count_yz(pdims(1)), displs_yz(pdims(1)) )
[2259]	552
[2938]	553	recv_count_yz = nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg + 1
	554	recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) = recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) + 1
[2259]	555
	556	DO j = 1, pdims(1)
[2938]	557	displs_yz(j) = 0 + (nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+1) * (j-1)
[2259]	558	ENDDO
[2938]	559	!
[3038]	560	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at xz
	561	!-- layer
[2938]	562	!-- stg_type_xz: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
[3182]	563	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	564	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
[2945]	565	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
[2938]	566	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	567	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz, ierr )
	568	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz, ierr )
	569	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	570
	571	! stg_type_yz_small: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
[2945]	572	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
[2938]	573	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	574	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
	575	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
	576	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	577
	578	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
	579	ALLOCATE( recv_count_xz(pdims(2)), displs_xz(pdims(2)) )
	580
	581	recv_count_xz = nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg + 1
	582	recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) = recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) + 1
	583
	584	DO j = 1, pdims(2)
	585	displs_xz(j) = 0 + (nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+1) * (j-1)
	586	ENDDO
	587
	588	ENDIF
	589
[2669]	590	#endif
[2259]	591	!
	592	!-- Define seed of random number
	593	CALL RANDOM_SEED()
	594	CALL RANDOM_SEED( size=nseed )
	595	ALLOCATE( seed(1:nseed) )
	596	DO j = 1, nseed
	597	seed(j) = startseed + j
	598	ENDDO
	599	CALL RANDOM_SEED(put=seed)
	600
	601	!-- Read inflow profile
	602	!-- Height levels of profiles in input profile is as follows:
	603	!-- zu: luy, luz, tu, lvy, lvz, tv, r11, r21, r22, d1, d2, d5
	604	!-- zw: lwy, lwz, tw, r31, r32, r33, d3
	605	!-- WARNING: zz is not used at the moment
[2938]	606	INQUIRE( FILE = 'STG_PROFILES' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
	607	EXIST = file_stg_exist )
[2259]	608
[2938]	609	IF ( file_stg_exist ) THEN
[2259]	610
[2938]	611	OPEN( 90, FILE='STG_PROFILES'//TRIM( coupling_char ), STATUS='OLD', &
	612	FORM='FORMATTED')
	613	!
	614	!-- Skip header
	615	READ( 90, * )
[2259]	616
[3182]	617	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
[2938]	618	READ( 90, * ) zz, luy, luz, tu(k), lvy, lvz, tv(k), lwy, lwz, tw(k), &
	619	r11(k), r21(k), r22(k), r31(k), r32(k), r33(k), &
	620	d1, d2, d3, d5
	621
[2259]	622	!
[3182]	623	!-- Convert length scales from meter to number of grid points.
[2938]	624	nuy(k) = INT( luy * ddy )
[3182]	625	nuz(k) = INT( luz * ddzw(k) )
[2938]	626	nvy(k) = INT( lvy * ddy )
[3182]	627	nvz(k) = INT( lvz * ddzw(k) )
[2938]	628	nwy(k) = INT( lwy * ddy )
[3182]	629	nwz(k) = INT( lwz * ddzw(k) )
[2938]	630	!
	631	!-- Workaround, assume isotropic turbulence
	632	nwx(k) = nwy(k)
	633	nvx(k) = nvy(k)
	634	nux(k) = nuy(k)
	635	!
	636	!-- Save Mean inflow profiles
	637	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	638	mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) = d1
	639	mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) = d2
	640	! mean_inflow_profiles(k,4) = d4
	641	mean_inflow_profiles(k,5) = d5
	642	ENDIF
	643	ENDDO
[3182]	644	!
	645	!-- Set lenght scales at surface grid point
	646	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
	647	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
	648	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
	649	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
	650	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
	651	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
	652
[2938]	653	CLOSE( 90 )
[3038]	654
[2938]	655	ELSE
[2259]	656	!
[3038]	657	!-- Set-up defaul length scales. Assume exponentially decreasing length
	658	!-- scales and isotropic turbulence.
	659	!-- Typical length (time) scales of 100 m (s) should be a good compromise
	660	!-- between all stratrifications. Near-surface variances are fixed to
[2938]	661	!-- 0.1 m2/s2, vertical fluxes are one order of magnitude smaller.
[3038]	662	!-- Vertical fluxes
[2938]	663	length_scale_surface = 100.0_wp
	664	r_ii_0 = 0.1_wp
	665	time_scale = 100.0_wp
	666	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
	667	dum_exp = MERGE( -zu(k) / ( 0.3* zu(nzt) ), &
	668	0.0_wp, &
	669	zu(k) > 0.3 * zu(nzt) &
	670	)
	671	length_scale_z = length_scale_surface * EXP( dum_exp )
[2259]	672
[2938]	673	nux(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
	674	nuy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
	675	nuz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
	676	nvx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
	677	nvy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
	678	nvz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
	679	nwx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
	680	nwy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
	681	nwz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
[2259]	682
[2938]	683	r11(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	684	r22(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	685	r33(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
[2259]	686
[2938]	687	r21(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	688	r31(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	689	r32(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	690
	691	tu(k) = time_scale
	692	tv(k) = time_scale
	693	tw(k) = time_scale
	694
	695	ENDDO
	696	nux(nzb) = nux(nzb+1)
	697	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
	698	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
	699	nvx(nzb) = nvx(nzb+1)
	700	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
	701	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
	702	nwx(nzb) = nwx(nzb+1)
	703	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
	704	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
	705
	706	r11(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
	707	r22(nzb) = r22(nzb+1)
	708	r33(nzb) = r33(nzb+1)
	709
	710	r21(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
	711	r31(nzb) = r31(nzb+1)
	712	r32(nzb) = r32(nzb+1)
	713
	714	tu(nzb) = time_scale
	715	tv(nzb) = time_scale
	716	tw(nzb) = time_scale
	717
	718	ENDIF
	719
[2259]	720	!
[2938]	721	!-- Assign initial profiles
[3182]	722	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
[2938]	723	u_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,1)
	724	v_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,2)
	725	!pt_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,4)
	726	e_init = MAXVAL( mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) )
	727	ENDIF
	728	!
[2259]	729	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor (Lund rotation)
	730	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	731	IF ( r11(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	732	a11(k) = SQRT( r11(k) )
	733	a21(k) = r21(k) / a11(k)
	734	ELSE
	735	a11(k) = 0.0_wp
	736	a21(k) = 0.0_wp
	737	ENDIF
	738
	739	a22(k) = r22(k) - a21(k)**2
	740	IF ( a22(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	741	a22(k) = SQRT( a22(k) )
	742	ELSE
	743	a22(k) = 0.0_wp
	744	ENDIF
	745
	746	!
	747	!-- a31, a32, a33 must be calculated with interpolated a11, a21, a22 (d11,
	748	!-- d21, d22) because of different vertical grid
	749	IF ( k .le. nzt ) THEN
	750	d11 = 0.5_wp * ( r11(k) + r11(k+1) )
	751	IF ( d11 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	752	d11 = SQRT( d11 )
	753	d21 = ( 0.5_wp * ( r21(k) + r21(k+1) ) ) / d11
	754	a31(k) = r31(k) / d11
	755	ELSE
	756	d21 = 0.0_wp
	757	a31(k) = 0.0_wp
	758	ENDIF
	759
	760	d22 = 0.5_wp * ( r22(k) + r22(k+1) ) - d21 ** 2
	761	IF ( d22 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	762	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - d21 * a31(k) ) / SQRT( d22 )
	763	ELSE
	764	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
	765	ENDIF
	766
	767	a33(k) = r33(k) - a31(k) 2 - a32(k) 2
	768	IF ( a33(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	769	a33(k) = SQRT( a33(k) )
	770	ELSE
	771	a33(k) = 0.0_wp
	772	ENDIF
	773	ELSE
	774	a31(k) = a31(k-1)
	775	a32(k) = a32(k-1)
	776	a33(k) = a33(k-1)
	777	ENDIF
	778
	779	ENDDO
	780	!
	781	!-- Define the size of the filter functions and allocate them.
	782	merg = 0
	783
	784	! arrays must be large enough to cover the largest length scale
	785	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
[2938]	786	j = MAX( ABS(nux(k)), ABS(nuy(k)), ABS(nuz(k)), &
	787	ABS(nvx(k)), ABS(nvy(k)), ABS(nvz(k)), &
	788	ABS(nwx(k)), ABS(nwy(k)), ABS(nwz(k)) )
[2259]	789	IF ( j > merg ) merg = j
	790	ENDDO
	791
	792	merg = 2 * merg
	793	mergp = merg + nbgp
	794
[2938]	795	ALLOCATE ( bux(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	796	buy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	797	buz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	798	bvx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	799	bvy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	800	bvz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	801	bwx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	802	bwy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	803	bwz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) )
[2259]	804
	805	!
[2938]	806	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at xz-layer
	807	ALLOCATE ( fu_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fuo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
	808	fv_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fvo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
	809	fw_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fwo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
[2259]	810
[2938]	811	!
	812	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at yz-layer
	813	ALLOCATE ( fu_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fuo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
	814	fv_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fvo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
	815	fw_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fwo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
[2259]	816
[2938]	817	fu_xz = 0.0_wp
	818	fuo_xz = 0.0_wp
	819	fv_xz = 0.0_wp
	820	fvo_xz = 0.0_wp
	821	fw_xz = 0.0_wp
	822	fwo_xz = 0.0_wp
	823
	824	fu_yz = 0.0_wp
	825	fuo_yz = 0.0_wp
	826	fv_yz = 0.0_wp
	827	fvo_yz = 0.0_wp
	828	fw_yz = 0.0_wp
	829	fwo_yz = 0.0_wp
	830
[2259]	831	!
	832	!-- Create filter functions
[2938]	833	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
[2259]	834	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
	835	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
[2938]	836	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
[2259]	837	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
	838	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
[2938]	839	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
[2259]	840	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
	841	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
	842
	843	#if defined( __parallel )
	844	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	845	#endif
	846
	847	!
[2938]	848	!-- In case of restart, calculate velocity seeds fu, fv, fw from former
	849	! time step.
	850	! Bug: fu, fv, fw are different in those heights where a11, a22, a33
	851	! are 0 compared to the prerun. This is mostly for k=nzt+1.
[2259]	852	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
[2938]	853	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
	854
	855	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = -1
	856	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	857
[2259]	858	DO j = nysg, nyng
	859	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	860
	861	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[2938]	862	fu_yz(k,j) = ( u(k,j,i) / mc_factor - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
[2259]	863	ELSE
[2938]	864	fu_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
[2259]	865	ENDIF
	866
	867	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[2938]	868	fv_yz(k,j) = ( v(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
	869	v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
[2259]	870	ELSE
[2938]	871	fv_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
[2259]	872	ENDIF
	873
	874	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[2938]	875	fw_yz(k,j) = ( w(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
	876	a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) ) / a33(k)
[2259]	877	ELSE
[2938]	878	fw_yz = 0._wp
[2259]	879	ENDIF
	880
	881	ENDDO
	882	ENDDO
	883	ENDIF
	884	ENDIF
	885
	886	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
	887
	888	END SUBROUTINE stg_init
	889
	890
	891	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	892	! Description:
	893	! ------------
	894	!> Calculate filter function bxx from length scale nxx following Eg.9 and 10
	895	!> (Xie and Castro, 2008)
	896	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	897	SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func( nxx, bxx )
	898
	899
	900	IMPLICIT NONE
	901
	902	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
	903	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k !< length scale nXX in height k
	904	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k2 !< n_k * 2
	905	INTEGER(iwp) :: nf !< index for length scales
	906
	907	REAL(wp) :: bdenom !< denominator for filter functions bXX
	908	REAL(wp) :: qsi = 1.0_wp !< minimization factor
	909
	910	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:) :: nxx(nzb:nzt+1) !< length scale (in gp)
	911
	912	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) :: bxx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) !< filter function
	913
	914
	915	bxx = 0.0_wp
	916
	917	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	918	bdenom = 0.0_wp
	919	n_k = nxx(k)
	920	IF ( n_k /= 0 ) THEN
	921	n_k2 = n_k * 2
	922
	923	!
	924	!-- ( Eq.10 )^2
	925	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
	926	bdenom = bdenom + EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k )**2
	927	ENDDO
	928
	929	!
	930	!-- ( Eq.9 )
	931	bdenom = SQRT( bdenom )
	932	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
	933	bxx(nf,k) = EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k ) / bdenom
	934	ENDDO
	935	ENDIF
	936	ENDDO
	937
	938	END SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func
	939
	940
	941	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	942	! Description:
	943	! ------------
	944	!> Parin for &stg_par for synthetic turbulence generator
	945	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	946	SUBROUTINE stg_parin
	947
	948
	949	IMPLICIT NONE
	950
	951	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	952
	953
[2776]	954	NAMELIST /stg_par/ use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	955
	956	line = ' '
	957
	958	!
	959	!-- Try to find stg package
	960	REWIND ( 11 )
	961	line = ' '
	962	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&stg_par' ) == 0 )
	963	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
	964	ENDDO
	965	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	966
	967	!
	968	!-- Read namelist
	969	READ ( 11, stg_par )
	970
	971	!
	972	!-- Set flag that indicates that the synthetic turbulence generator is switched
	973	!-- on
[2776]	974	syn_turb_gen = .TRUE.
[2259]	975
[2563]	976
[2259]	977	10 CONTINUE
	978
	979	END SUBROUTINE stg_parin
	980
	981
	982	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	983	! Description:
	984	! ------------
[2894]	985	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
[2576]	986	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	987	SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global( found )
[2576]	988
	989
[2894]	990	USE control_parameters, &
	991	ONLY: length, restart_string
[2576]	992
	993
[2894]	994	IMPLICIT NONE
[2576]	995
[3044]	996	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !< flag indicating if variable was found
[2259]	997
	998
[2894]	999	found = .TRUE.
[2259]	1000
[3038]	1001
[2894]	1002	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
[2259]	1003
[2894]	1004	CASE ( 'mc_factor' )
	1005	READ ( 13 ) mc_factor
	1006	CASE ( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
	1007	READ ( 13 ) use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	1008
[2894]	1009	CASE DEFAULT
[2259]	1010
[3038]	1011	found = .FALSE.
[2259]	1012
[2894]	1013	END SELECT
[2259]	1014
	1015
[2894]	1016	END SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global
[2259]	1017
	1018
	1019	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1020	! Description:
	1021	! ------------
	1022	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
	1023	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	1024	SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	1025
	1026
	1027	IMPLICIT NONE
	1028
[2894]	1029	CALL wrd_write_string( 'mc_factor' )
[2259]	1030	WRITE ( 14 ) mc_factor
	1031
[2894]	1032	CALL wrd_write_string( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
	1033	WRITE ( 14 ) use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	1034
	1035
[2894]	1036	END SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	1037
[2894]	1038
[2259]	1039	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1040	! Description:
	1041	! ------------
	1042	!> Create turbulent inflow fields for u, v, w with prescribed length scales and
	1043	!> Reynolds stress tensor after a method of Xie and Castro (2008), modified
	1044	!> following suggestions of Kim et al. (2013), and using a Lund rotation
	1045	!> (Lund, 1998).
	1046	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1047	SUBROUTINE stg_main
	1048
	1049
	1050	USE arrays_3d, &
	1051	ONLY: dzw
	1052
	1053	USE control_parameters, &
[3182]	1054	ONLY: child_domain, dt_3d, intermediate_timestep_count, &
	1055	nesting_offline, rans_mode, simulated_time, volume_flow_initial
[2259]	1056
[2938]	1057	USE grid_variables, &
	1058	ONLY: dx, dy
	1059
[2259]	1060	USE indices, &
[2938]	1061	ONLY: wall_flags_0
[2259]	1062
	1063	USE statistics, &
	1064	ONLY: weight_substep
	1065
[2945]	1066	USE pmc_interface, &
	1067	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
[2259]	1068
[2945]	1069
[2259]	1070	IMPLICIT NONE
	1071
[2938]	1072	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
[2259]	1073	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
	1074	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	1075
	1076	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg !< wheighted subtimestep
	1077	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor_l !< local mass flux correction factor
[2938]	1078	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow !< mass flux through lateral boundary
	1079	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow_l !< local mass flux through lateral boundary
[2259]	1080
[2938]	1081	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg,5) :: dist_xz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
	1082	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,5) :: dist_yz !< imposed disturbances at left/right boundary
[2259]	1083
	1084
	1085	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
	1086
	1087	!
	1088	!-- Calculate time step which is needed for filter functions
	1089	dt_stg = dt_3d * weight_substep(intermediate_timestep_count)
	1090
	1091	!
	1092	!-- Initial value of fu, fv, fw
	1093	IF ( simulated_time == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. velocity_seed_initialized ) THEN
[2938]	1094	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_left )
	1095	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_left )
	1096	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_left )
	1097
[3182]	1098	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	1099	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
[2938]	1100	!
	1101	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
	1102	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_right )
	1103	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_right )
	1104	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_right )
	1105	!
	1106	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
	1107	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_north )
	1108	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_north )
	1109	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_north )
	1110	!
	1111	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
	1112	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_south )
	1113	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_south )
	1114	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_south )
	1115	ENDIF
[2259]	1116	velocity_seed_initialized = .TRUE.
	1117	ENDIF
	1118	!
	1119	!-- New set of fu, fv, fw
[2938]	1120	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_left )
	1121	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_left )
	1122	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_left )
[2259]	1123
[3182]	1124	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	1125	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
[2938]	1126	!
	1127	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
	1128	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1129	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1130	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1131	!
	1132	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
	1133	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1134	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1135	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1136	!
	1137	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
	1138	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1139	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1140	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1141	ENDIF
	1142	!
	1143	!-- Turbulence generation at left and or right boundary
	1144	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
[2259]	1145
	1146	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1147	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
	1148	!
	1149	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1150	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2938]	1151	fu_yz(k,j) = fuo_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1152	ELSE
[2938]	1153	fu_yz(k,j) = fu_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
	1154	fuo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
[2259]	1155	ENDIF
	1156
	1157	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2938]	1158	fv_yz(k,j) = fvo_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1159	ELSE
[2938]	1160	fv_yz(k,j) = fv_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
	1161	fvo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
[2259]	1162	ENDIF
	1163
	1164	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2938]	1165	fw_yz(k,j) = fwo_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1166	ELSE
[2938]	1167	fw_yz(k,j) = fw_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
	1168	fwo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
[2259]	1169	ENDIF
	1170	!
	1171	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
	1172	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
	1173	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
[2938]	1174	dist_yz(k,j,1) = 0.0_wp
	1175	dist_yz(k,j,2) = 0.0_wp
	1176	dist_yz(k,j,3) = 0.0_wp
	1177	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
	1178	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
[2259]	1179	ELSE
[2938]	1180	dist_yz(k,j,1) = a11(k) * fu_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1181	!experimental test of 1.2
[2945]	1182	dist_yz(k,j,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
[2259]	1183	* 1.2_wp ) &
[2945]	1184	* ( a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
[2938]	1185	+ a22(k) * fv_yz(k,j) )
[2945]	1186	dist_yz(k,j,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
[2259]	1187	* 1.3_wp ) &
[2945]	1188	* ( a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
	1189	+ a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) &
[2938]	1190	+ a33(k) * fw_yz(k,j) )
[2259]	1191	! Calculation for pt and e not yet implemented
[2938]	1192	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
	1193	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
[2259]	1194	ENDIF
	1195
	1196	ENDDO
	1197	ENDDO
	1198
	1199	!
	1200	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
	1201	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
	1202	!-- inflow boundary
[3182]	1203	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
[2938]	1204	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
	1205	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
	1206	DO j = nys, nyn
	1207	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1208	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + dzw(k) * &
	1209	( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) )
	1210	ENDDO
[2259]	1211	ENDDO
	1212
	1213	#if defined( __parallel )
[2938]	1214	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
	1215	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
[2259]	1216	#else
[2938]	1217	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
[2259]	1218	#endif
	1219
[2938]	1220	mc_factor = volume_flow_initial(1) / mc_factor
[2259]	1221
	1222	!
[2938]	1223	!-- Add disturbance at the inflow
	1224	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1225	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1226	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + &
	1227	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
	1228	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) + &
	1229	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
	1230	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = dist_yz(k,j,3) * mc_factor
	1231	ENDDO
[2259]	1232	ENDDO
[2938]	1233
	1234	ELSE
	1235	!
	1236	!-- First, calculate volume flow at yz boundary
	1237	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
	1238	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	1239
	1240	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
	1241	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
	1242	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
	1243	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
	1244	DO j = nys, nyn
	1245	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1246	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy &
[3038]	1247	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2938]	1248	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	1249
	1250	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( u(k,j,i) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
	1251	* dzw(k) * dy &
[3038]	1252	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2938]	1253	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	1254	ENDDO
	1255	ENDDO
	1256	#if defined( __parallel )
	1257	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
	1258	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
	1259	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
	1260	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
	1261	#else
	1262	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
	1263	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
	1264	#endif
	1265
	1266	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
	1267
	1268	!
	1269	!-- Add disturbances
	1270	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) THEN
	1271
	1272	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1273	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1274	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
	1275	* mc_factor
	1276	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
	1277	* mc_factor
	1278	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
	1279	* mc_factor
	1280	ENDDO
	1281	ENDDO
	1282	ENDIF
	1283	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
	1284
	1285	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1286	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1287	u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
	1288	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
	1289	v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
	1290	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
	1291	w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
	1292	dist_yz(k,j,3) ) * mc_factor
	1293	ENDDO
	1294	ENDDO
	1295	ENDIF
	1296	ENDIF
	1297
	1298	ENDIF
	1299	!
	1300	!-- Turbulence generation at north and south boundary
	1301	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north .OR. myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
	1302
	1303	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1304	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
	1305	!
	1306	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1307	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1308	fu_xz(k,i) = fuo_xz(k,i)
	1309	ELSE
	1310	fu_xz(k,i) = fu_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
	1311	fuo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
	1312	ENDIF
	1313
	1314	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1315	fv_xz(k,i) = fvo_xz(k,i)
	1316	ELSE
	1317	fv_xz(k,i) = fv_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
	1318	fvo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
	1319	ENDIF
	1320
	1321	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1322	fw_xz(k,i) = fwo_xz(k,i)
	1323	ELSE
	1324	fw_xz(k,i) = fw_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
	1325	fwo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
	1326	ENDIF
	1327	!
	1328	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
	1329	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
	1330	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
	1331	dist_xz(k,i,1) = 0.0_wp
	1332	dist_xz(k,i,2) = 0.0_wp
	1333	dist_xz(k,i,3) = 0.0_wp
	1334
	1335	ELSE
	1336	dist_xz(k,i,1) = a11(k) * fu_xz(k,i)
	1337	!experimental test of 1.2
	1338	dist_xz(k,i,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
	1339	* 1.2_wp ) &
	1340	* ( a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
	1341	+ a22(k) * fv_xz(k,i) )
	1342	dist_xz(k,i,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
	1343	* 1.3_wp ) &
	1344	* ( a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
	1345	+ a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) &
	1346	+ a33(k) * fw_xz(k,i) )
	1347	ENDIF
	1348
	1349	ENDDO
[2259]	1350	ENDDO
[2938]	1351	!
	1352	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
	1353	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
	1354	!-- inflow boundary.
	1355	!-- First, calculate volume flow at xz boundary
	1356	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
	1357	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
[2259]	1358
[2938]	1359	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
	1360	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
	1361	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
	1362	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
	1363	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1364	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
[2945]	1365	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx &
[3038]	1366	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2938]	1367	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
	1368
[2945]	1369	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( v(k,j,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
	1370	* dzw(k) * dx &
[3038]	1371	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2938]	1372	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
	1373	ENDDO
	1374	ENDDO
	1375	#if defined( __parallel )
[2945]	1376	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
[2938]	1377	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
[2945]	1378	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
[2938]	1379	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
	1380	#else
	1381	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
	1382	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
	1383	#endif
	1384
	1385	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
	1386
	1387	!
	1388	!-- Add disturbances
	1389	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
	1390
	1391	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1392	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1393	u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
	1394	* mc_factor
	1395	v(k,-nbgp:0,i) = ( v(k,-nbgp:0,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
	1396	* mc_factor
	1397	w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
	1398	* mc_factor
	1399	ENDDO
	1400	ENDDO
	1401	ENDIF
	1402	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
	1403
	1404	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1405	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1406	u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
	1407	dist_xz(k,i,1) ) * mc_factor
	1408	v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
	1409	dist_xz(k,i,2) ) * mc_factor
	1410	w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
	1411	dist_xz(k,i,3) ) * mc_factor
	1412	ENDDO
	1413	ENDDO
	1414	ENDIF
[2259]	1415	ENDIF
	1416
	1417	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
	1418
	1419	END SUBROUTINE stg_main
	1420
	1421	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1422	! Description:
	1423	! ------------
	1424	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
	1425	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
	1426	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in x-direction and
	1427	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
	1428	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
	1429	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2938]	1430	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz( n_y, n_z, b_y, b_z, f_n, id )
[2259]	1431
	1432
	1433	USE indices, &
	1434	ONLY: ny
	1435
	1436	IMPLICIT NONE
	1437
[2938]	1438	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
[2259]	1439	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
	1440	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< loop index in y-direction
	1441	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	1442	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
	1443	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
	1444
	1445	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y !< length scale in y-direction
	1446	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
	1447	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y2 !< n_y*2
	1448	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
	1449
	1450	REAL(wp) :: nyz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in yz-slice
	1451	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
	1452	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
	1453
	1454	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_y !< filter func in y-dir
	1455	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
[2938]	1456	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
[2259]	1457	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n !< velocity seed
	1458	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
	1459
	1460
	1461	!
	1462	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
	1463	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
	1464	!-- unit variance.
	1465	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:ny+mergp) )
	1466
	1467	rand_av = 0.0_wp
	1468	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
	1469	nyz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( ny+1 ), KIND=wp )
	1470
	1471	DO j = 0, ny
	1472	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1473	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,j) )
	1474	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,j)
	1475	ENDDO
	1476	ENDDO
	1477
	1478	rand_av = rand_av * nyz_inv
	1479
	1480	DO j = 0, ny
	1481	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1482	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) - rand_av
	1483	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,j) ** 2
	1484	ENDDO
	1485	ENDDO
	1486
	1487	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nyz_inv)
	1488
	1489	DO j = 0, ny
	1490	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1491	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) * rand_sigma_inv
	1492	ENDDO
	1493	ENDDO
	1494
	1495	!
	1496	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
	1497	DO j = 0, ny
	1498	DO k = 1, mergp
	1499	rand_it(nzb -k,j) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,j) ! bottom margin
	1500	rand_it(nzt+1+k,j) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,j) ! top margin
	1501	ENDDO
	1502	ENDDO
	1503	DO j = 1, mergp
	1504	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
	1505	rand_it(k, -j) = rand_it(k,ny-j+1) ! south margin
	1506	rand_it(k,ny+j) = rand_it(k, j-1) ! north margin
	1507	ENDDO
	1508	ENDDO
	1509
	1510	!
	1511	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1512	n_y2 = n_y * 2
	1513	n_z2 = n_z * 2
	1514	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
	1515
	1516	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2938]	1517	DO k = nzb_x_stg, nzt_x_stg+1
[2259]	1518	DO jj = -n_y2(k), n_y2(k)
	1519	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
	1520	f_n_l(k,j) = f_n_l(k,j) &
	1521	+ b_y(jj,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,j+jj)
	1522	ENDDO
	1523	ENDDO
	1524	ENDDO
	1525	ENDDO
	1526
	1527	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
	1528	!
	1529	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
[2938]	1530	send_count = nzt_x_stg - nzb_x_stg + 1
	1531	IF ( nzt_x_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
[2259]	1532
	1533	#if defined( __parallel )
[2945]	1534	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_x_stg,nysg), send_count, stg_type_yz_small, &
	1535	f_n(nzb+1,nysg), recv_count_yz, displs_yz, stg_type_yz, &
[2938]	1536	id, comm1dx, ierr )
[2259]	1537	#else
[2938]	1538	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) = f_n_l(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng)
[2259]	1539	#endif
	1540
	1541
	1542	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz
	1543
[2938]	1544
	1545
	1546
	1547	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1548	! Description:
	1549	! ------------
	1550	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
	1551	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
	1552	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in y-direction and
	1553	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
	1554	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
	1555	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1556	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz( n_x, n_z, b_x, b_z, f_n, id )
	1557
	1558
	1559	USE indices, &
	1560	ONLY: nx
	1561
	1562
	1563	IMPLICIT NONE
	1564
	1565	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
	1566	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
	1567	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop index in x-direction
	1568	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	1569	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
	1570	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
	1571
	1572	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x !< length scale in x-direction
	1573	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
	1574	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x2 !< n_y*2
	1575	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
	1576
	1577	REAL(wp) :: nxz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in xz-slice
	1578	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
	1579	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
	1580
	1581	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_x !< filter func in y-dir
	1582	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
	1583	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
	1584	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n !< velocity seed
	1585	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
	1586
	1587
	1588	!
	1589	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
	1590	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
	1591	!-- unit variance.
	1592	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:nx+mergp) )
	1593
	1594	rand_av = 0.0_wp
	1595	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
	1596	nxz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( nx+1 ), KIND=wp )
	1597
	1598	DO i = 0, nx
	1599	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1600	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,i) )
	1601	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,i)
	1602	ENDDO
	1603	ENDDO
	1604
	1605	rand_av = rand_av * nxz_inv
	1606
	1607	DO i = 0, nx
	1608	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1609	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) - rand_av
	1610	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,i) ** 2
	1611	ENDDO
	1612	ENDDO
	1613
	1614	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nxz_inv)
	1615
	1616	DO i = 0, nx
	1617	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1618	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) * rand_sigma_inv
	1619	ENDDO
	1620	ENDDO
	1621
	1622	!
	1623	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
	1624	DO i = 0, nx
	1625	DO k = 1, mergp
	1626	rand_it(nzb-k,i) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,i) ! bottom margin
	1627	rand_it(nzt+1+k,i) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,i) ! top margin
	1628	ENDDO
	1629	ENDDO
	1630	DO i = 1, mergp
	1631	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
	1632	rand_it(k,-i) = rand_it(k,nx-i+1) ! left margin
	1633	rand_it(k,nx+i) = rand_it(k,i-1) ! right margin
	1634	ENDDO
	1635	ENDDO
	1636
	1637	!
	1638	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1639	n_x2 = n_x * 2
	1640	n_z2 = n_z * 2
	1641	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
	1642
	1643	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1644	DO k = nzb_y_stg, nzt_y_stg+1
	1645	DO ii = -n_x2(k), n_x2(k)
	1646	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
	1647	f_n_l(k,i) = f_n_l(k,i) &
	1648	+ b_x(ii,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,i+ii)
	1649	ENDDO
	1650	ENDDO
	1651	ENDDO
	1652	ENDDO
	1653
	1654	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
	1655
	1656	!
	1657	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
	1658	send_count = nzt_y_stg - nzb_y_stg + 1
	1659	IF ( nzt_y_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
	1660
	1661
	1662	#if defined( __parallel )
[2945]	1663	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_y_stg,nxlg), send_count, stg_type_xz_small, &
[2938]	1664	f_n(nzb+1,nxlg), recv_count_xz, displs_xz, stg_type_xz, &
	1665	id, comm1dy, ierr )
	1666	#else
	1667	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) = f_n_l(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg)
	1668	#endif
	1669
	1670
	1671	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz
	1672
[2259]	1673	END MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod

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