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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 @ 2938

Last change on this file since 2938 was 2938, checked in by suehring, 6 years ago
Nesting in RANS-LES and RANS-RANS mode enabled; synthetic turbulence generator at all lateral boundaries in nesting or non-cyclic forcing mode; revised Inifor initialization in nesting mode
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 60.2 KB

Rev	Line
[2259]	1	!> @synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90
	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[2259]	4	!
[2696]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
[2259]	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
	9	!
[2696]	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
[2259]	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
	17	! Copyright 2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
	18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	19	!
	20	! Current revisions:
	21	! -----------------
	22	!
	23	!
	24	! Former revisions:
	25	! -----------------
	26	! $Id: synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring $
[2938]	27	! Apply turbulence generator at all non-cyclic lateral boundaries in case of
	28	! realistic Inifor large-scale forcing or RANS-LES nesting
	29	!
	30	! 2936 2018-03-27 14:49:27Z suehring
[2894]	31	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was found,
	32	! reading of restart strings has been moved completely to read_restart_data_mod,
	33	! redundant skipping function has been removed, stg_read/write_restart_data
	34	! have been renamed to stg_r/wrd_global, stg_rrd_global is called in
	35	! read_restart_data_mod now, flag syn_turb_gen_prerun and marker *** end stg
	36	! *** have been removed (Giersch), strings and their respective lengths are
	37	! written out and read now in case of restart runs to get rid of prescribed
	38	! character lengths (Giersch), CASE DEFAULT was added if restart data is read
	39	!
	40	! 2841 2018-02-27 15:02:57Z suehring
[2841]	41	! Bugfix: wrong placement of include 'mpif.h' corrected
	42	!
	43	! 2836 2018-02-26 13:40:05Z Giersch
[2836]	44	! The variables synthetic_turbulence_generator and
	45	! use_synthetic_turbulence_generator have been abbreviated + syn_turb_gen_prerun
	46	! flag is used to define if module related parameters were outputted as restart
	47	! data
[2776]	48	!
	49	! 2716 2017-12-29 16:35:59Z kanani
[2716]	50	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	51	!
	52	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	53	! Change in file header (GPL part)
	54	!
	55	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
[2669]	56	! unit number for file containing turbulence generator data changed to 90
	57	! bugfix: preprocessor directives added for MPI specific code
	58	!
	59	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
[2894]	60	! Definition of a new function called stg_skip_global to skip module
[2576]	61	! parameters during reading restart data
	62	!
	63	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
[2563]	64	! stg_read_restart_data is called in stg_parin in the case of a restart run
	65	!
	66	! 2259 2017-06-08 09:09:11Z gronemeier
[2259]	67	! Initial revision
	68	!
	69	!
	70	!
	71	! Authors:
	72	! --------
	73	! @author Tobias Gronemeier, Atsushi Inagaki, Micha Gryschka, Christoph Knigge
	74	!
	75	!
	76	! Description:
	77	! ------------
	78	!> The module generates turbulence at the inflow boundary based on a method by
	79	!> Xie and Castro (2008) utilizing a Lund rotation (Lund, 1998) and a mass-flux
	80	!> correction by Kim et al. (2013).
	81	!> The turbulence is correlated based on length scales in y- and z-direction and
	82	!> a time scale for each velocity component. The profiles of length and time
	83	!> scales, mean u, v, w, e and pt, and all components of the Reynolds stress
	84	!> tensor are read from file STG_PROFILES.
	85	!>
	86	!> @todo test restart
	87	!> enable cyclic_fill
	88	!> implement turbulence generation for e and pt
	89	!> @note <Enter notes on the module>
	90	!> @bug Height information from input file is not used. Profiles from input
	91	!> must match with current PALM grid.
	92	!> Transformation of length scales to number of gridpoints does not
	93	!> consider grid stretching.
	94	!> In case of restart, velocity seeds differ from precursor run if a11,
	95	!> a22, or a33 are zero.
	96	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	97	MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod
	98
	99
	100	USE arrays_3d, &
	101	ONLY: mean_inflow_profiles, u, v, w
	102
	103	USE constants, &
	104	ONLY: pi
	105
	106	USE control_parameters, &
[2938]	107	ONLY: initializing_actions, message_string, syn_turb_gen
[2259]	108
	109	USE cpulog, &
	110	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point, log_point_s
	111
	112	USE indices, &
[2938]	113	ONLY: nbgp, nzb, nzt, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, nys, nyn, nyng, nysg
[2259]	114
	115	USE kinds
	116
[2841]	117	#if !defined( __mpifh )
[2259]	118	USE MPI
[2841]	119	#endif
[2259]	120
	121	USE pegrid, &
[2938]	122	ONLY: comm1dx, comm1dy, comm2d, ierr, myidx, myidy, pdims
[2259]	123
	124	USE transpose_indices, &
	125	ONLY: nzb_x, nzt_x
	126
	127
	128	IMPLICIT NONE
	129
[2841]	130	#if defined( __mpifh )
	131	INCLUDE "mpif.h"
	132	#endif
	133
[2776]	134	LOGICAL :: velocity_seed_initialized = .FALSE. !< true after first call of stg_main
	135	LOGICAL :: use_syn_turb_gen = .FALSE. !< switch to use synthetic turbulence generator
[2259]	136
[2938]	137	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_left !< left lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	138	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_north !< north lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	139	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_right !< right lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	140	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_south !< south lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	141	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz !< MPI type for full z range
	142	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz_small !< MPI type for small z range
	143	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz !< MPI type for full z range
	144	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz_small !< MPI type for small z range
	145	INTEGER(iwp) :: merg !< maximum length scale (in gp)
	146	INTEGER(iwp) :: mergp !< merg + nbgp
	147	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_x_stg !<
	148	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_x_stg !<
	149	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_y_stg !<
	150	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_y_stg !<
[2259]	151
	152	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor !< mass flux correction factor
	153
[2938]	154	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_xz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
	155	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_xz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
	156	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_yz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
	157	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_yz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
	158	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nux !< length scale of u in x direction (in gp)
	159	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuy !< length scale of u in y direction (in gp)
	160	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuz !< length scale of u in z direction (in gp)
	161	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvx !< length scale of v in x direction (in gp)
	162	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvy !< length scale of v in y direction (in gp)
	163	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvz !< length scale of v in z direction (in gp)
	164	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwx !< length scale of w in x direction (in gp)
	165	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwy !< length scale of w in y direction (in gp)
	166	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwz !< length scale of w in z direction (in gp)
[2259]	167
	168	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: seed !< seed of random number for rn-generator
	169
	170	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a11 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	171	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a21 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	172	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a22 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	173	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a31 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	174	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a32 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	175	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a33 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	176	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tu !< Lagrangian time scale of u
	177	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tv !< Lagrangian time scale of v
	178	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tw !< Lagrangian time scale of w
	179
[2938]	180	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bux !< filter function for u in x direction
[2259]	181	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buy !< filter function for u in y direction
	182	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buz !< filter function for u in z direction
[2938]	183	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvx !< filter function for v in x direction
[2259]	184	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvy !< filter function for v in y direction
	185	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvz !< filter function for v in z direction
[2938]	186	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwx !< filter function for w in y direction
[2259]	187	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwy !< filter function for w in y direction
	188	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwz !< filter function for w in z direction
[2938]	189	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane
	190	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane with new random number
	191	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane
	192	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane with new random number
	193	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane
	194	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane with new random number
	195	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane
	196	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane with new random number
	197	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane
	198	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane with new random number
	199	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane
	200	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane with new random number
[2259]	201
	202
	203	!
	204	!-- PALM interfaces:
	205	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
	206	INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
	207	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_check_parameters
	208	END INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
	209
	210	!
	211	!-- Calculate filter functions
	212	INTERFACE stg_filter_func
	213	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_filter_func
	214	END INTERFACE stg_filter_func
	215
	216	!
[2938]	217	!-- Generate velocity seeds at south and north domain boundary
	218	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
	219	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_xz
	220	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
	221	!
	222	!-- Generate velocity seeds at left and/or right domain boundary
[2259]	223	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
	224	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_yz
	225	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
	226
	227	!
	228	!-- Output of information to the header file
	229	INTERFACE stg_header
	230	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_header
	231	END INTERFACE stg_header
	232
	233	!
	234	!-- Initialization actions
	235	INTERFACE stg_init
	236	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_init
	237	END INTERFACE stg_init
	238
	239	!
	240	!-- Main procedure of synth. turb. gen.
	241	INTERFACE stg_main
	242	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_main
	243	END INTERFACE stg_main
	244
	245	!
	246	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
	247	INTERFACE stg_parin
	248	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_parin
	249	END INTERFACE stg_parin
	250
	251	!
	252	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
[2894]	253	INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
	254	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_rrd_global
	255	END INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
[2259]	256
	257	!
	258	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs
[2894]	259	INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
	260	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_wrd_global
	261	END INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	262
	263	SAVE
	264
	265	PRIVATE
	266
	267	!
	268	!-- Public interfaces
	269	PUBLIC stg_check_parameters, stg_header, stg_init, stg_main, stg_parin, &
[2894]	270	stg_wrd_global, stg_rrd_global
[2259]	271
	272	!
	273	!-- Public variables
[2938]	274	PUBLIC id_stg_left, id_stg_north, id_stg_right, id_stg_south, &
	275	use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	276
	277
	278	CONTAINS
	279
	280
	281	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	282	! Description:
	283	! ------------
	284	!> Check parameters routine for synthetic turbulence generator
	285	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	286	SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
	287
	288
	289	USE control_parameters, &
[2938]	290	ONLY: bc_lr, bc_ns, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode, turbulent_inflow
[2259]	291
[2938]	292	USE pmc_interface, &
	293	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
[2259]	294
[2938]	295
[2259]	296	IMPLICIT NONE
	297
[2938]	298	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. forcing ) THEN
	299	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
	300	'when forcing is used and model operates in LES mode.'
	301	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	302	ENDIF
	303
	304	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. nest_domain &
	305	.AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
	306	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
	307	'when nesting is applied and parent operates in ' // &
	308	'RANS-mode but current child in LES mode.'
	309	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	310	ENDIF
	311
[2776]	312	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
[2259]	313
[2938]	314	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
	315
	316	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles' ) == 0 &
	317	.AND. INDEX( initializing_actions, 'read_restart_data' ) == 0 ) THEN
	318	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
	319	'requires &initializing_actions = ' // &
	320	'"set_constant_profiles" or "read_restart_data"'
	321	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0015', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	322	ENDIF
	323
	324	IF ( bc_lr /= 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
	325	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
	326	'requires &bc_lr = "dirichlet/radiation"'
	327	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0035', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	328	ENDIF
	329	IF ( bc_ns /= 'cyclic' ) THEN
	330	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
	331	'requires &bc_ns = "cyclic"'
	332	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0037', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	333	ENDIF
	334
[2259]	335	ENDIF
	336
	337	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
	338	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[2938]	339	'in combination &with turbulent_inflow = .T. '// &
	340	'is not allowed'
[2259]	341	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0039', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	342	ENDIF
	343
	344	ENDIF
	345
	346	END SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
	347
	348
	349	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	350	! Description:
	351	! ------------
	352	!> Header output for synthetic turbulence generator
	353	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	354	SUBROUTINE stg_header ( io )
	355
	356
	357	IMPLICIT NONE
	358
	359	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
	360
	361	!
	362	!-- Write synthetic turbulence generator Header
	363	WRITE( io, 1 )
[2776]	364	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
[2259]	365	WRITE( io, 2 )
	366	ELSE
	367	WRITE( io, 3 )
	368	ENDIF
	369
	370	1 FORMAT (//' Synthetic turbulence generator information:'/ &
	371	' ------------------------------------------'/)
	372	2 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched on')
	373	3 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched off')
	374
	375	END SUBROUTINE stg_header
	376
	377
	378	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	379	! Description:
	380	! ------------
	381	!> Initialization of the synthetic turbulence generator
	382	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	383	SUBROUTINE stg_init
	384
	385
	386	USE arrays_3d, &
[2938]	387	ONLY: ddzw, u_init, v_init, zu
[2259]	388
	389	USE control_parameters, &
[2938]	390	ONLY: coupling_char, dz, e_init, forcing, nest_domain
[2259]	391
	392	USE grid_variables, &
[2938]	393	ONLY: ddx, ddy
[2259]	394
[2938]	395	USE indices, &
	396	ONLY: nz
[2259]	397
[2938]	398
[2259]	399	IMPLICIT NONE
	400
[2938]	401	LOGICAL :: file_stg_exist = .FALSE. !< flag indication whether parameter file for Reynolds stress and length scales exist
	402
[2669]	403	#if defined( __parallel )
[2259]	404	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: extent !< extent of new MPI type
	405	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: tob=0 !< dummy variable
[2669]	406	#endif
[2259]	407
[2938]	408	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !> grid index in x-direction
[2259]	409	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !> loop index
	410	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index
	411	INTEGER(iwp) :: newtype !< dummy MPI type
	412	INTEGER(iwp) :: realsize !< size of REAL variables
[2938]	413	INTEGER(iwp) :: nnz !< increment used to determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x and y direction
[2259]	414	INTEGER(iwp) :: nseed !< dimension of random number seed
	415	INTEGER(iwp) :: startseed = 1234567890 !< start seed for random number generator
	416
	417	!
	418	!-- Dummy variables used for reading profiles
	419	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< u profile
	420	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< v profile
	421	REAL(wp) :: d3 !< w profile
	422	REAL(wp) :: d5 !< e profile
	423	REAL(wp) :: d11 !< vertical interpolation for a11
	424	REAL(wp) :: d21 !< vertical interpolation for a21
	425	REAL(wp) :: d22 !< vertical interpolation for a22
[2938]	426	REAL(wp) :: dum_exp !< dummy variable used for exponential vertical decrease of turbulent length scales
[2259]	427	REAL(wp) :: luy !< length scale for u in y direction
	428	REAL(wp) :: luz !< length scale for u in z direction
	429	REAL(wp) :: lvy !< length scale for v in y direction
	430	REAL(wp) :: lvz !< length scale for v in z direction
	431	REAL(wp) :: lwy !< length scale for w in y direction
	432	REAL(wp) :: lwz !< length scale for w in z direction
	433	REAL(wp) :: zz !< height
	434
[2938]	435	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_surface, r_ii_0, time_scale, length_scale_z
	436
[2259]	437	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r11 !< Reynolds parameter
	438	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r21 !< Reynolds parameter
	439	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r22 !< Reynolds parameter
	440	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r31 !< Reynolds parameter
	441	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r32 !< Reynolds parameter
	442	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r33 !< Reynolds parameter
	443
	444
	445	#if defined( __parallel )
	446	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	447	#endif
	448
	449	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
	450
	451	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( mean_inflow_profiles ) ) &
	452	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
	453
	454	ALLOCATE ( a11(nzb:nzt+1), a21(nzb:nzt+1), a22(nzb:nzt+1), &
	455	a31(nzb:nzt+1), a32(nzb:nzt+1), a33(nzb:nzt+1), &
[2938]	456	nux(nzb:nzt+1), nuy(nzb:nzt+1), nuz(nzb:nzt+1), &
	457	nvx(nzb:nzt+1), nvy(nzb:nzt+1), nvz(nzb:nzt+1), &
	458	nwx(nzb:nzt+1), nwy(nzb:nzt+1), nwz(nzb:nzt+1), &
[2259]	459	tu(nzb:nzt+1), tv(nzb:nzt+1), tw(nzb:nzt+1) )
	460
[2669]	461	#if defined( __parallel )
[2259]	462	!
[2938]	463	!-- Determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x- and y-direction
	464	nnz = nz / pdims(1)
	465	nzb_x_stg = 1 + myidx * nnz
	466	nzt_x_stg = ( myidx + 1 ) * nnz
	467
	468	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(1) ) /= 0 .AND. myidx == id_stg_right ) &
	469	nzt_x_stg = myidx * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(1) )
	470
	471	IF ( forcing .OR. nest_domain ) THEN
	472	nnz = nz / pdims(2)
	473	nzb_y_stg = 1 + myidy * nnz
	474	nzt_y_stg = ( myidy + 1 ) * nnz
	475
	476	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(2) ) /= 0 .AND. myidy == id_stg_north ) &
	477	nzt_y_stg = myidy * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(2) )
	478	ENDIF
	479
	480	!
[2259]	481	!-- Define MPI type used in stg_generate_seed_yz to gather vertical splitted
	482	!-- velocity seeds
	483	CALL MPI_TYPE_SIZE( MPI_REAL, realsize, ierr )
	484	extent = 1 * realsize
[2938]	485	!
	486	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at yz
	487	!-- layer
	488	!-- stg_type_yz: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
[2259]	489	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
	490	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	491	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz, ierr )
	492	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz, ierr )
	493	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	494
[2938]	495	! stg_type_yz_small: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
	496	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
[2259]	497	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	498	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
	499	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
	500	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	501
	502	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
[2938]	503	ALLOCATE( recv_count_yz(pdims(1)), displs_yz(pdims(1)) )
[2259]	504
[2938]	505	recv_count_yz = nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg + 1
	506	recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) = recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) + 1
[2259]	507
	508	DO j = 1, pdims(1)
[2938]	509	displs_yz(j) = 0 + (nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+1) * (j-1)
[2259]	510	ENDDO
[2938]	511	!
	512	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at xz
	513	!-- layer
	514	!-- stg_type_xz: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
	515	IF ( forcing .OR. nest_domain) THEN
	516	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
	517	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	518	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz, ierr )
	519	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz, ierr )
	520	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	521
	522	! stg_type_yz_small: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
	523	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
	524	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	525	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
	526	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
	527	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	528
	529	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
	530	ALLOCATE( recv_count_xz(pdims(2)), displs_xz(pdims(2)) )
	531
	532	recv_count_xz = nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg + 1
	533	recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) = recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) + 1
	534
	535	DO j = 1, pdims(2)
	536	displs_xz(j) = 0 + (nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+1) * (j-1)
	537	ENDDO
	538
	539	ENDIF
	540
[2669]	541	#endif
[2259]	542	!
	543	!-- Define seed of random number
	544	CALL RANDOM_SEED()
	545	CALL RANDOM_SEED( size=nseed )
	546	ALLOCATE( seed(1:nseed) )
	547	DO j = 1, nseed
	548	seed(j) = startseed + j
	549	ENDDO
	550	CALL RANDOM_SEED(put=seed)
	551
	552	!-- Read inflow profile
	553	!-- Height levels of profiles in input profile is as follows:
	554	!-- zu: luy, luz, tu, lvy, lvz, tv, r11, r21, r22, d1, d2, d5
	555	!-- zw: lwy, lwz, tw, r31, r32, r33, d3
	556	!-- WARNING: zz is not used at the moment
[2938]	557	INQUIRE( FILE = 'STG_PROFILES' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
	558	EXIST = file_stg_exist )
[2259]	559
[2938]	560	IF ( file_stg_exist ) THEN
[2259]	561
[2938]	562	OPEN( 90, FILE='STG_PROFILES'//TRIM( coupling_char ), STATUS='OLD', &
	563	FORM='FORMATTED')
	564	!
	565	!-- Skip header
	566	READ( 90, * )
[2259]	567
[2938]	568	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	569	READ( 90, * ) zz, luy, luz, tu(k), lvy, lvz, tv(k), lwy, lwz, tw(k), &
	570	r11(k), r21(k), r22(k), r31(k), r32(k), r33(k), &
	571	d1, d2, d3, d5
	572
[2259]	573	!
[2938]	574	!-- Convert length scales from meter to number of grid points
	575	nuy(k) = INT( luy * ddy )
	576	nuz(k) = INT( luz / dz )
	577	nvy(k) = INT( lvy * ddy )
	578	nvz(k) = INT( lvz / dz )
	579	nwy(k) = INT( lwy * ddy )
	580	nwz(k) = INT( lwz / dz )
	581	!
	582	!-- Workaround, assume isotropic turbulence
	583	nwx(k) = nwy(k)
	584	nvx(k) = nvy(k)
	585	nux(k) = nuy(k)
	586	!
	587	!-- Save Mean inflow profiles
	588	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	589	mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) = d1
	590	mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) = d2
	591	! mean_inflow_profiles(k,4) = d4
	592	mean_inflow_profiles(k,5) = d5
	593	ENDIF
	594	ENDDO
[2259]	595
[2938]	596	CLOSE( 90 )
	597
	598	ELSE
[2259]	599	!
[2938]	600	!-- Set-up defaul length scales. Assume exponentially decreasing length
	601	!-- scales and isotropic turbulence.
	602	!-- Typical length (time) scales of 100 m (s) should be a goog compromise
	603	!-- between all stratrifications. Near-surface variances are fixed to
	604	!-- 0.1 m2/s2, vertical fluxes are one order of magnitude smaller.
	605	!-- Vertical fluxes
	606	length_scale_surface = 100.0_wp
	607	r_ii_0 = 0.1_wp
	608	time_scale = 100.0_wp
	609	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
	610	dum_exp = MERGE( -zu(k) / ( 0.3* zu(nzt) ), &
	611	0.0_wp, &
	612	zu(k) > 0.3 * zu(nzt) &
	613	)
	614	length_scale_z = length_scale_surface * EXP( dum_exp )
[2259]	615
[2938]	616	nux(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
	617	nuy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
	618	nuz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
	619	nvx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
	620	nvy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
	621	nvz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
	622	nwx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
	623	nwy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
	624	nwz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
[2259]	625
[2938]	626	r11(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	627	r22(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	628	r33(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
[2259]	629
[2938]	630	r21(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	631	r31(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	632	r32(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
	633
	634	tu(k) = time_scale
	635	tv(k) = time_scale
	636	tw(k) = time_scale
	637
	638	ENDDO
	639	nux(nzb) = nux(nzb+1)
	640	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
	641	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
	642	nvx(nzb) = nvx(nzb+1)
	643	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
	644	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
	645	nwx(nzb) = nwx(nzb+1)
	646	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
	647	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
	648
	649	r11(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
	650	r22(nzb) = r22(nzb+1)
	651	r33(nzb) = r33(nzb+1)
	652
	653	r21(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
	654	r31(nzb) = r31(nzb+1)
	655	r32(nzb) = r32(nzb+1)
	656
	657	tu(nzb) = time_scale
	658	tv(nzb) = time_scale
	659	tw(nzb) = time_scale
	660
	661	ENDIF
	662
[2259]	663	!
[2938]	664	!-- Assign initial profiles
	665	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
	666	u_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,1)
	667	v_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,2)
	668	!pt_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,4)
	669	e_init = MAXVAL( mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) )
	670	ENDIF
	671	!
[2259]	672	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor (Lund rotation)
	673	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	674	IF ( r11(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	675	a11(k) = SQRT( r11(k) )
	676	a21(k) = r21(k) / a11(k)
	677	ELSE
	678	a11(k) = 0.0_wp
	679	a21(k) = 0.0_wp
	680	ENDIF
	681
	682	a22(k) = r22(k) - a21(k)**2
	683	IF ( a22(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	684	a22(k) = SQRT( a22(k) )
	685	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - a21(k) * a31(k) ) / a22(k)
	686	ELSE
	687	a22(k) = 0.0_wp
	688	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
	689	ENDIF
	690
	691	!
	692	!-- a31, a32, a33 must be calculated with interpolated a11, a21, a22 (d11,
	693	!-- d21, d22) because of different vertical grid
	694	IF ( k .le. nzt ) THEN
	695	d11 = 0.5_wp * ( r11(k) + r11(k+1) )
	696	IF ( d11 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	697	d11 = SQRT( d11 )
	698	d21 = ( 0.5_wp * ( r21(k) + r21(k+1) ) ) / d11
	699	a31(k) = r31(k) / d11
	700	ELSE
	701	d21 = 0.0_wp
	702	a31(k) = 0.0_wp
	703	ENDIF
	704
	705	d22 = 0.5_wp * ( r22(k) + r22(k+1) ) - d21 ** 2
	706	IF ( d22 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	707	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - d21 * a31(k) ) / SQRT( d22 )
	708	ELSE
	709	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
	710	ENDIF
	711
	712	a33(k) = r33(k) - a31(k) 2 - a32(k) 2
	713	IF ( a33(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	714	a33(k) = SQRT( a33(k) )
	715	ELSE
	716	a33(k) = 0.0_wp
	717	ENDIF
	718	ELSE
	719	a31(k) = a31(k-1)
	720	a32(k) = a32(k-1)
	721	a33(k) = a33(k-1)
	722	ENDIF
	723
	724	ENDDO
	725	!
	726	!-- Define the size of the filter functions and allocate them.
	727	merg = 0
	728
	729	! arrays must be large enough to cover the largest length scale
	730	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
[2938]	731	j = MAX( ABS(nux(k)), ABS(nuy(k)), ABS(nuz(k)), &
	732	ABS(nvx(k)), ABS(nvy(k)), ABS(nvz(k)), &
	733	ABS(nwx(k)), ABS(nwy(k)), ABS(nwz(k)) )
[2259]	734	IF ( j > merg ) merg = j
	735	ENDDO
	736
	737	merg = 2 * merg
	738	mergp = merg + nbgp
	739
[2938]	740	ALLOCATE ( bux(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	741	buy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	742	buz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	743	bvx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	744	bvy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	745	bvz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	746	bwx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	747	bwy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	748	bwz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) )
[2259]	749
	750	!
[2938]	751	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at xz-layer
	752	ALLOCATE ( fu_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fuo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
	753	fv_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fvo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
	754	fw_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fwo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
[2259]	755
[2938]	756	!
	757	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at yz-layer
	758	ALLOCATE ( fu_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fuo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
	759	fv_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fvo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
	760	fw_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fwo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
[2259]	761
[2938]	762	fu_xz = 0.0_wp
	763	fuo_xz = 0.0_wp
	764	fv_xz = 0.0_wp
	765	fvo_xz = 0.0_wp
	766	fw_xz = 0.0_wp
	767	fwo_xz = 0.0_wp
	768
	769	fu_yz = 0.0_wp
	770	fuo_yz = 0.0_wp
	771	fv_yz = 0.0_wp
	772	fvo_yz = 0.0_wp
	773	fw_yz = 0.0_wp
	774	fwo_yz = 0.0_wp
	775
[2259]	776	!
	777	!-- Create filter functions
[2938]	778	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
[2259]	779	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
	780	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
[2938]	781	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
[2259]	782	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
	783	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
[2938]	784	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
[2259]	785	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
	786	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
	787
	788	#if defined( __parallel )
	789	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	790	#endif
	791
	792	!
[2938]	793	!-- In case of restart, calculate velocity seeds fu, fv, fw from former
	794	! time step.
	795	! Bug: fu, fv, fw are different in those heights where a11, a22, a33
	796	! are 0 compared to the prerun. This is mostly for k=nzt+1.
[2259]	797	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
[2938]	798	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
	799
	800	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = -1
	801	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	802
[2259]	803	DO j = nysg, nyng
	804	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	805
	806	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[2938]	807	fu_yz(k,j) = ( u(k,j,i) / mc_factor - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
[2259]	808	ELSE
[2938]	809	fu_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
[2259]	810	ENDIF
	811
	812	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[2938]	813	fv_yz(k,j) = ( v(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
	814	v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
[2259]	815	ELSE
[2938]	816	fv_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
[2259]	817	ENDIF
	818
	819	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[2938]	820	fw_yz(k,j) = ( w(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
	821	a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) ) / a33(k)
[2259]	822	ELSE
[2938]	823	fw_yz = 0._wp
[2259]	824	ENDIF
	825
	826	ENDDO
	827	ENDDO
	828	ENDIF
	829	ENDIF
	830
	831	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
	832
	833	END SUBROUTINE stg_init
	834
	835
	836	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	837	! Description:
	838	! ------------
	839	!> Calculate filter function bxx from length scale nxx following Eg.9 and 10
	840	!> (Xie and Castro, 2008)
	841	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	842	SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func( nxx, bxx )
	843
	844
	845	IMPLICIT NONE
	846
	847	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
	848	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k !< length scale nXX in height k
	849	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k2 !< n_k * 2
	850	INTEGER(iwp) :: nf !< index for length scales
	851
	852	REAL(wp) :: bdenom !< denominator for filter functions bXX
	853	REAL(wp) :: qsi = 1.0_wp !< minimization factor
	854
	855	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:) :: nxx(nzb:nzt+1) !< length scale (in gp)
	856
	857	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) :: bxx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) !< filter function
	858
	859
	860	bxx = 0.0_wp
	861
	862	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	863	bdenom = 0.0_wp
	864	n_k = nxx(k)
	865	IF ( n_k /= 0 ) THEN
	866	n_k2 = n_k * 2
	867
	868	!
	869	!-- ( Eq.10 )^2
	870	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
	871	bdenom = bdenom + EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k )**2
	872	ENDDO
	873
	874	!
	875	!-- ( Eq.9 )
	876	bdenom = SQRT( bdenom )
	877	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
	878	bxx(nf,k) = EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k ) / bdenom
	879	ENDDO
	880	ENDIF
	881	ENDDO
	882
	883	END SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func
	884
	885
	886	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	887	! Description:
	888	! ------------
	889	!> Parin for &stg_par for synthetic turbulence generator
	890	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	891	SUBROUTINE stg_parin
	892
	893
	894	IMPLICIT NONE
	895
	896	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	897
	898
[2776]	899	NAMELIST /stg_par/ use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	900
	901	line = ' '
	902
	903	!
	904	!-- Try to find stg package
	905	REWIND ( 11 )
	906	line = ' '
	907	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&stg_par' ) == 0 )
	908	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
	909	ENDDO
	910	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	911
	912	!
	913	!-- Read namelist
	914	READ ( 11, stg_par )
	915
	916	!
	917	!-- Set flag that indicates that the synthetic turbulence generator is switched
	918	!-- on
[2776]	919	syn_turb_gen = .TRUE.
[2259]	920
[2563]	921
[2259]	922	10 CONTINUE
	923
	924	END SUBROUTINE stg_parin
	925
	926
	927	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	928	! Description:
	929	! ------------
[2894]	930	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
[2576]	931	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	932	SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global( found )
[2576]	933
	934
[2894]	935	USE control_parameters, &
	936	ONLY: length, restart_string
[2576]	937
	938
[2894]	939	IMPLICIT NONE
[2576]	940
[2894]	941	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
[2259]	942
	943
[2894]	944	found = .TRUE.
	945
[2259]	946
[2894]	947	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
[2259]	948
[2894]	949	CASE ( 'mc_factor' )
	950	READ ( 13 ) mc_factor
	951	CASE ( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
	952	READ ( 13 ) use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	953
[2894]	954	CASE DEFAULT
[2259]	955
[2894]	956	found = .FALSE.
[2259]	957
[2894]	958	END SELECT
[2259]	959
	960
[2894]	961	END SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global
[2259]	962
	963
	964	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	965	! Description:
	966	! ------------
	967	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
	968	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	969	SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	970
	971
	972	IMPLICIT NONE
	973
[2894]	974	CALL wrd_write_string( 'mc_factor' )
[2259]	975	WRITE ( 14 ) mc_factor
	976
[2894]	977	CALL wrd_write_string( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
	978	WRITE ( 14 ) use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	979
	980
[2894]	981	END SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	982
[2894]	983
[2259]	984	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	985	! Description:
	986	! ------------
	987	!> Create turbulent inflow fields for u, v, w with prescribed length scales and
	988	!> Reynolds stress tensor after a method of Xie and Castro (2008), modified
	989	!> following suggestions of Kim et al. (2013), and using a Lund rotation
	990	!> (Lund, 1998).
	991	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	992	SUBROUTINE stg_main
	993
	994
	995	USE arrays_3d, &
	996	ONLY: dzw
	997
	998	USE control_parameters, &
[2938]	999	ONLY: dt_3d, forcing, intermediate_timestep_count, nest_domain, &
	1000	simulated_time, volume_flow_initial
[2259]	1001
[2938]	1002	USE grid_variables, &
	1003	ONLY: dx, dy
	1004
[2259]	1005	USE indices, &
[2938]	1006	ONLY: wall_flags_0
[2259]	1007
	1008	USE statistics, &
	1009	ONLY: weight_substep
	1010
	1011
	1012	IMPLICIT NONE
	1013
[2938]	1014	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
[2259]	1015	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
	1016	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	1017
	1018	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg !< wheighted subtimestep
	1019	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor_l !< local mass flux correction factor
[2938]	1020	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow !< mass flux through lateral boundary
	1021	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow_l !< local mass flux through lateral boundary
[2259]	1022
[2938]	1023	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg,5) :: dist_xz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
	1024	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,5) :: dist_yz !< imposed disturbances at left/right boundary
[2259]	1025
	1026
	1027	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
	1028
	1029	!
	1030	!-- Calculate time step which is needed for filter functions
	1031	dt_stg = dt_3d * weight_substep(intermediate_timestep_count)
	1032
	1033	!
	1034	!-- Initial value of fu, fv, fw
	1035	IF ( simulated_time == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. velocity_seed_initialized ) THEN
[2938]	1036	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_left )
	1037	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_left )
	1038	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_left )
	1039
	1040	IF ( forcing .OR. nest_domain ) THEN
	1041	!
	1042	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
	1043	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_right )
	1044	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_right )
	1045	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_right )
	1046	!
	1047	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
	1048	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_north )
	1049	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_north )
	1050	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_north )
	1051	!
	1052	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
	1053	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_south )
	1054	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_south )
	1055	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_south )
	1056	ENDIF
[2259]	1057	velocity_seed_initialized = .TRUE.
	1058	ENDIF
	1059	!
	1060	!-- New set of fu, fv, fw
[2938]	1061	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_left )
	1062	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_left )
	1063	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_left )
[2259]	1064
[2938]	1065	IF ( forcing .OR. nest_domain ) THEN
	1066	!
	1067	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
	1068	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1069	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1070	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1071	!
	1072	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
	1073	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1074	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1075	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1076	!
	1077	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
	1078	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1079	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1080	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1081	ENDIF
	1082	!
	1083	!-- Turbulence generation at left and or right boundary
	1084	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
[2259]	1085
	1086	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1087	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
	1088	!
	1089	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1090	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2938]	1091	fu_yz(k,j) = fuo_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1092	ELSE
[2938]	1093	fu_yz(k,j) = fu_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
	1094	fuo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
[2259]	1095	ENDIF
	1096
	1097	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2938]	1098	fv_yz(k,j) = fvo_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1099	ELSE
[2938]	1100	fv_yz(k,j) = fv_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
	1101	fvo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
[2259]	1102	ENDIF
	1103
	1104	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2938]	1105	fw_yz(k,j) = fwo_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1106	ELSE
[2938]	1107	fw_yz(k,j) = fw_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
	1108	fwo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
[2259]	1109	ENDIF
	1110	!
	1111	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
	1112	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
	1113	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
[2938]	1114	dist_yz(k,j,1) = 0.0_wp
	1115	dist_yz(k,j,2) = 0.0_wp
	1116	dist_yz(k,j,3) = 0.0_wp
	1117	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
	1118	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
[2259]	1119	ELSE
[2938]	1120	dist_yz(k,j,1) = a11(k) * fu_yz(k,j)
[2259]	1121	!experimental test of 1.2
[2938]	1122	dist_yz(k,j,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
[2259]	1123	* 1.2_wp ) &
[2938]	1124	* ( a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
	1125	+ a22(k) * fv_yz(k,j) )
	1126	dist_yz(k,j,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
[2259]	1127	* 1.3_wp ) &
[2938]	1128	* ( a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
	1129	+ a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) &
	1130	+ a33(k) * fw_yz(k,j) )
[2259]	1131	! Calculation for pt and e not yet implemented
[2938]	1132	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
	1133	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
[2259]	1134	ENDIF
	1135
	1136	ENDDO
	1137	ENDDO
	1138
	1139	!
	1140	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
	1141	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
	1142	!-- inflow boundary
[2938]	1143	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
	1144	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
	1145	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
	1146	DO j = nys, nyn
	1147	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1148	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + dzw(k) * &
	1149	( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) )
	1150	ENDDO
[2259]	1151	ENDDO
	1152
	1153	#if defined( __parallel )
[2938]	1154	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
	1155	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
[2259]	1156	#else
[2938]	1157	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
[2259]	1158	#endif
	1159
[2938]	1160	mc_factor = volume_flow_initial(1) / mc_factor
[2259]	1161
	1162	!
[2938]	1163	!-- Add disturbance at the inflow
	1164	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1165	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1166	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + &
	1167	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
	1168	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) + &
	1169	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
	1170	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = dist_yz(k,j,3) * mc_factor
	1171	ENDDO
[2259]	1172	ENDDO
[2938]	1173
	1174	ELSE
	1175	!
	1176	!-- First, calculate volume flow at yz boundary
	1177	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
	1178	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	1179
	1180	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
	1181	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
	1182	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
	1183	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
	1184	DO j = nys, nyn
	1185	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1186	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy &
	1187	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1188	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	1189
	1190	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( u(k,j,i) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
	1191	* dzw(k) * dy &
	1192	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1193	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	1194	ENDDO
	1195	ENDDO
	1196	#if defined( __parallel )
	1197	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
	1198	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
	1199	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
	1200	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
	1201	#else
	1202	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
	1203	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
	1204	#endif
	1205
	1206	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
	1207
	1208	!
	1209	!-- Add disturbances
	1210	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) THEN
	1211
	1212	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1213	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1214	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
	1215	* mc_factor
	1216	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
	1217	* mc_factor
	1218	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
	1219	* mc_factor
	1220	ENDDO
	1221	ENDDO
	1222	ENDIF
	1223	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
	1224
	1225	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1226	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1227	u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
	1228	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
	1229	v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
	1230	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
	1231	w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
	1232	dist_yz(k,j,3) ) * mc_factor
	1233	ENDDO
	1234	ENDDO
	1235	ENDIF
	1236	ENDIF
	1237
	1238	ENDIF
	1239	!
	1240	!-- Turbulence generation at north and south boundary
	1241	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north .OR. myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
	1242
	1243	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1244	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
	1245	!
	1246	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1247	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1248	fu_xz(k,i) = fuo_xz(k,i)
	1249	ELSE
	1250	fu_xz(k,i) = fu_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
	1251	fuo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
	1252	ENDIF
	1253
	1254	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1255	fv_xz(k,i) = fvo_xz(k,i)
	1256	ELSE
	1257	fv_xz(k,i) = fv_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
	1258	fvo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
	1259	ENDIF
	1260
	1261	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1262	fw_xz(k,i) = fwo_xz(k,i)
	1263	ELSE
	1264	fw_xz(k,i) = fw_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
	1265	fwo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
	1266	ENDIF
	1267	!
	1268	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
	1269	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
	1270	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
	1271	dist_xz(k,i,1) = 0.0_wp
	1272	dist_xz(k,i,2) = 0.0_wp
	1273	dist_xz(k,i,3) = 0.0_wp
	1274
	1275	ELSE
	1276	dist_xz(k,i,1) = a11(k) * fu_xz(k,i)
	1277	!experimental test of 1.2
	1278	dist_xz(k,i,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
	1279	* 1.2_wp ) &
	1280	* ( a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
	1281	+ a22(k) * fv_xz(k,i) )
	1282	dist_xz(k,i,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
	1283	* 1.3_wp ) &
	1284	* ( a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
	1285	+ a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) &
	1286	+ a33(k) * fw_xz(k,i) )
	1287	ENDIF
	1288
	1289	ENDDO
[2259]	1290	ENDDO
[2938]	1291	!
	1292	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
	1293	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
	1294	!-- inflow boundary.
	1295	!-- First, calculate volume flow at xz boundary
	1296	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
	1297	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
[2259]	1298
[2938]	1299	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
	1300	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
	1301	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
	1302	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
	1303	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1304	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1305	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx &
	1306	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1307	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
	1308
	1309	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( v(k,j,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
	1310	* dzw(k) * dx &
	1311	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1312	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
	1313	ENDDO
	1314	ENDDO
	1315	#if defined( __parallel )
	1316	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
	1317	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
	1318	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
	1319	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
	1320	#else
	1321	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
	1322	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
	1323	#endif
	1324
	1325	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
	1326
	1327	!
	1328	!-- Add disturbances
	1329	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
	1330
	1331	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1332	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1333	u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
	1334	* mc_factor
	1335	v(k,-nbgp:0,i) = ( v(k,-nbgp:0,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
	1336	* mc_factor
	1337	w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
	1338	* mc_factor
	1339	ENDDO
	1340	ENDDO
	1341	ENDIF
	1342	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
	1343
	1344	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1345	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1346	u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
	1347	dist_xz(k,i,1) ) * mc_factor
	1348	v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
	1349	dist_xz(k,i,2) ) * mc_factor
	1350	w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
	1351	dist_xz(k,i,3) ) * mc_factor
	1352	ENDDO
	1353	ENDDO
	1354	ENDIF
[2259]	1355	ENDIF
	1356
	1357	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
	1358
	1359	END SUBROUTINE stg_main
	1360
	1361	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1362	! Description:
	1363	! ------------
	1364	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
	1365	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
	1366	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in x-direction and
	1367	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
	1368	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
	1369	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2938]	1370	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz( n_y, n_z, b_y, b_z, f_n, id )
[2259]	1371
	1372
	1373	USE indices, &
	1374	ONLY: ny
	1375
	1376
	1377	IMPLICIT NONE
	1378
[2938]	1379	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
[2259]	1380	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
	1381	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< loop index in y-direction
	1382	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	1383	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
	1384	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
	1385
	1386	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y !< length scale in y-direction
	1387	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
	1388	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y2 !< n_y*2
	1389	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
	1390
	1391	REAL(wp) :: nyz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in yz-slice
	1392	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
	1393	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
	1394
	1395	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_y !< filter func in y-dir
	1396	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
[2938]	1397	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
[2259]	1398	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n !< velocity seed
	1399	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
	1400
	1401
	1402	!
	1403	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
	1404	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
	1405	!-- unit variance.
	1406	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:ny+mergp) )
	1407
	1408	rand_av = 0.0_wp
	1409	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
	1410	nyz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( ny+1 ), KIND=wp )
	1411
	1412	DO j = 0, ny
	1413	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1414	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,j) )
	1415	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,j)
	1416	ENDDO
	1417	ENDDO
	1418
	1419	rand_av = rand_av * nyz_inv
	1420
	1421	DO j = 0, ny
	1422	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1423	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) - rand_av
	1424	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,j) ** 2
	1425	ENDDO
	1426	ENDDO
	1427
	1428	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nyz_inv)
	1429
	1430	DO j = 0, ny
	1431	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1432	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) * rand_sigma_inv
	1433	ENDDO
	1434	ENDDO
	1435
	1436	!
	1437	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
	1438	DO j = 0, ny
	1439	DO k = 1, mergp
	1440	rand_it(nzb -k,j) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,j) ! bottom margin
	1441	rand_it(nzt+1+k,j) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,j) ! top margin
	1442	ENDDO
	1443	ENDDO
	1444	DO j = 1, mergp
	1445	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
	1446	rand_it(k, -j) = rand_it(k,ny-j+1) ! south margin
	1447	rand_it(k,ny+j) = rand_it(k, j-1) ! north margin
	1448	ENDDO
	1449	ENDDO
	1450
	1451	!
	1452	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1453	n_y2 = n_y * 2
	1454	n_z2 = n_z * 2
	1455	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
	1456
	1457	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2938]	1458	DO k = nzb_x_stg, nzt_x_stg+1
[2259]	1459	DO jj = -n_y2(k), n_y2(k)
	1460	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
	1461	f_n_l(k,j) = f_n_l(k,j) &
	1462	+ b_y(jj,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,j+jj)
	1463	ENDDO
	1464	ENDDO
	1465	ENDDO
	1466	ENDDO
	1467
	1468	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
	1469
	1470	!
	1471	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
[2938]	1472	send_count = nzt_x_stg - nzb_x_stg + 1
	1473	IF ( nzt_x_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
[2259]	1474
	1475	#if defined( __parallel )
[2938]	1476	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_x_stg,nysg), send_count, stg_type_yz_small, &
	1477	f_n(nzb+1,nysg), recv_count_yz, displs_yz, stg_type_yz, &
	1478	id, comm1dx, ierr )
[2259]	1479	#else
[2938]	1480	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) = f_n_l(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng)
[2259]	1481	#endif
	1482
	1483
	1484	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz
	1485
[2938]	1486
	1487
	1488
	1489	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1490	! Description:
	1491	! ------------
	1492	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
	1493	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
	1494	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in y-direction and
	1495	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
	1496	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
	1497	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1498	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz( n_x, n_z, b_x, b_z, f_n, id )
	1499
	1500
	1501	USE indices, &
	1502	ONLY: nx
	1503
	1504
	1505	IMPLICIT NONE
	1506
	1507	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
	1508	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
	1509	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop index in x-direction
	1510	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	1511	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
	1512	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
	1513
	1514	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x !< length scale in x-direction
	1515	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
	1516	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x2 !< n_y*2
	1517	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
	1518
	1519	REAL(wp) :: nxz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in xz-slice
	1520	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
	1521	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
	1522
	1523	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_x !< filter func in y-dir
	1524	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
	1525	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
	1526	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n !< velocity seed
	1527	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
	1528
	1529
	1530	!
	1531	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
	1532	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
	1533	!-- unit variance.
	1534	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:nx+mergp) )
	1535
	1536	rand_av = 0.0_wp
	1537	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
	1538	nxz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( nx+1 ), KIND=wp )
	1539
	1540	DO i = 0, nx
	1541	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1542	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,i) )
	1543	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,i)
	1544	ENDDO
	1545	ENDDO
	1546
	1547	rand_av = rand_av * nxz_inv
	1548
	1549	DO i = 0, nx
	1550	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1551	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) - rand_av
	1552	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,i) ** 2
	1553	ENDDO
	1554	ENDDO
	1555
	1556	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nxz_inv)
	1557
	1558	DO i = 0, nx
	1559	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1560	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) * rand_sigma_inv
	1561	ENDDO
	1562	ENDDO
	1563
	1564	!
	1565	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
	1566	DO i = 0, nx
	1567	DO k = 1, mergp
	1568	rand_it(nzb-k,i) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,i) ! bottom margin
	1569	rand_it(nzt+1+k,i) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,i) ! top margin
	1570	ENDDO
	1571	ENDDO
	1572	DO i = 1, mergp
	1573	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
	1574	rand_it(k,-i) = rand_it(k,nx-i+1) ! left margin
	1575	rand_it(k,nx+i) = rand_it(k,i-1) ! right margin
	1576	ENDDO
	1577	ENDDO
	1578
	1579	!
	1580	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1581	n_x2 = n_x * 2
	1582	n_z2 = n_z * 2
	1583	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
	1584
	1585	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1586	DO k = nzb_y_stg, nzt_y_stg+1
	1587	DO ii = -n_x2(k), n_x2(k)
	1588	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
	1589	f_n_l(k,i) = f_n_l(k,i) &
	1590	+ b_x(ii,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,i+ii)
	1591	ENDDO
	1592	ENDDO
	1593	ENDDO
	1594	ENDDO
	1595
	1596	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
	1597
	1598	!
	1599	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
	1600	send_count = nzt_y_stg - nzb_y_stg + 1
	1601	IF ( nzt_y_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
	1602
	1603
	1604	#if defined( __parallel )
	1605	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_y_stg,nxlg), send_count, stg_type_xz_small, &
	1606	f_n(nzb+1,nxlg), recv_count_xz, displs_xz, stg_type_xz, &
	1607	id, comm1dy, ierr )
	1608	#else
	1609	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) = f_n_l(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg)
	1610	#endif
	1611
	1612
	1613	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz
	1614
[2259]	1615	END MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod

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