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salsa_mod.f90 @ 4342

Last change on this file since 4342 was 4342, checked in by Giersch, 3 years ago
last commit corrected by replacing read_from_file_3d with read_from_file in all relevant p3d files, minor changes in plant_canopy_model_mod (use statements moved to module level, ocean dependency removed, redundant variables removed)
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 592.5 KB

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1	!> @file salsa_mod.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM-4U.
4	!
5	! PALM-4U is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM-4U is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2018-2019 University of Helsinki
18	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
19	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
20	!
21	! Current revisions:
22	! -----------------
23	!
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: salsa_mod.f90 4342 2019-12-16 13:49:14Z Giersch $
28	! cdc replaced by canopy_drag_coeff
29	!
30	! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi
31	! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0
32	!
33	! 4315 2019-12-02 09:20:07Z monakurppa
34	! Add an additional check for the time dimension PIDS_SALSA in
35	! salsa_emission_setup and correct some error message identifiers.
36	!
37	! 4298 2019-11-21 15:59:16Z suehring
38	! Bugfix, close netcdf input files after reading
39	!
40	! 4295 2019-11-14 06:15:31Z monakurppa
41	!
42	!
43	! 4280 2019-10-29 14:34:15Z monakurppa
44	! Corrected a bug in boundary conditions and fac_dt in offline nesting
45	!
46	! 4273 2019-10-24 13:40:54Z monakurppa
47	! - Rename nest_salsa to nesting_salsa
48	! - Correct some errors in boundary condition flags
49	! - Add a check for not trying to output gas concentrations in salsa if the
50	! chemistry module is applied
51	! - Set the default value of nesting_salsa and nesting_offline_salsa to .TRUE.
52	!
53	! 4272 2019-10-23 15:18:57Z schwenkel
54	! Further modularization of boundary conditions: moved boundary conditions to
55	! respective modules
56	!
57	! 4270 2019-10-23 10:46:20Z monakurppa
58	! - Implement offline nesting for salsa
59	! - Alphabetic ordering for module interfaces
60	! - Remove init_aerosol_type and init_gases_type from salsa_parin and define them
61	! based on the initializing_actions
62	! - parameter definition removed from "season" and "season_z01" is added to parin
63	! - bugfix in application of index_hh after implementing the new
64	! palm_date_time_mod
65	! - Reformat salsa emission data with LOD=2: size distribution given for each
66	! emission category
67	!
68	! 4268 2019-10-17 11:29:38Z schwenkel
69	! Moving module specific boundary conditions from time_integration to module
70	!
71	! 4256 2019-10-07 10:08:52Z monakurppa
72	! Document previous changes: use global variables nx, ny and nz in salsa_header
73	!
74	! 4227 2019-09-10 18:04:34Z gronemeier
75	! implement new palm_date_time_mod
76	!
77	! 4226 2019-09-10 17:03:24Z suehring
78	! Netcdf input routine for dimension length renamed
79	!
80	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
81	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
82	!
83	! 4167 2019-08-16 11:01:48Z suehring
84	! Changed behaviour of masked output over surface to follow terrain and ignore
85	! buildings (J.Resler, T.Gronemeier)
86	!
87	! 4131 2019-08-02 11:06:18Z monakurppa
88	! - Add "salsa_" before each salsa output variable
89	! - Add a possibility to output the number (salsa_N_UFP) and mass concentration
90	! (salsa_PM0.1) of ultrafine particles, i.e. particles with a diameter smaller
91	! than 100 nm
92	! - Implement aerosol emission mode "parameterized" which is based on the street
93	! type (similar to the chemistry module).
94	! - Remove unnecessary nucleation subroutines.
95	! - Add the z-dimension for gaseous emissions to correspond the implementation
96	! in the chemistry module
97	!
98	! 4118 2019-07-25 16:11:45Z suehring
99	! - When Dirichlet condition is applied in decycling, the boundary conditions are
100	! only set at the ghost points and not at the prognostic grid points as done
101	! before
102	! - Rename decycle_ns/lr to decycle_salsa_ns/lr and decycle_method to
103	! decycle_method_salsa
104	! - Allocation and initialization of special advection flags salsa_advc_flags_s
105	! used for salsa. These are exclusively used for salsa variables to
106	! distinguish from the usually-used flags which might be different when
107	! decycling is applied in combination with cyclic boundary conditions.
108	! Moreover, salsa_advc_flags_s considers extended zones around buildings where
109	! the first-order upwind scheme is applied for the horizontal advection terms.
110	! This is done to overcome high concentration peaks due to stationary numerical
111	! oscillations caused by horizontal advection discretization.
112	!
113	! 4117 2019-07-25 08:54:02Z monakurppa
114	! Pass integer flag array as well as boundary flags to WS scalar advection
115	! routine
116	!
117	! 4109 2019-07-22 17:00:34Z suehring
118	! Slightly revise setting of boundary conditions at horizontal walls, use
119	! data-structure offset index instead of pre-calculate it for each facing
120	!
121	! 4079 2019-07-09 18:04:41Z suehring
122	! Application of monotonic flux limiter for the vertical scalar advection
123	! up to the topography top (only for the cache-optimized version at the
124	! moment).
125	!
126	! 4069 2019-07-01 14:05:51Z Giersch
127	! Masked output running index mid has been introduced as a local variable to
128	! avoid runtime error (Loop variable has been modified) in time_integration
129	!
130	! 4058 2019-06-27 15:25:42Z knoop
131	! Bugfix: to_be_resorted was uninitialized in case of s_H2O in 3d_data_averaging
132	!
133	! 4012 2019-05-31 15:19:05Z monakurppa
134	! Merge salsa branch to trunk. List of changes:
135	! - Error corrected in distr_update that resulted in the aerosol number size
136	! distribution not converging if the concentration was nclim.
137	! - Added a separate output for aerosol liquid water (s_H2O)
138	! - aerosol processes for a size bin are now calculated only if the aerosol
139	! number of concentration of that bin is > 2*nclim
140	! - An initialisation error in the subroutine "deposition" corrected and the
141	! subroutine reformatted.
142	! - stuff from salsa_util_mod.f90 moved into salsa_mod.f90
143	! - calls for closing the netcdf input files added
144	!
145	! 3956 2019-05-07 12:32:52Z monakurppa
146	! - Conceptual bug in depo_surf correct for urban and land surface model
147	! - Subroutine salsa_tendency_ij optimized.
148	! - Interfaces salsa_non_advective_processes and salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
149	! created. These are now called in module_interface.
150	! salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds after calling salsa_driver only when needed
151	! (i.e. every dt_salsa).
152	!
153	! 3924 2019-04-23 09:33:06Z monakurppa
154	! Correct a bug introduced by the previous update.
155	!
156	! 3899 2019-04-16 14:05:27Z monakurppa
157	! - remove unnecessary error / location messages
158	! - corrected some error message numbers
159	! - allocate source arrays only if emissions or dry deposition is applied.
160	!
161	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
162	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
163	! of additional debug messages
164	!
165	! 3876 2019-04-08 18:41:49Z knoop
166	! Introduced salsa_actions module interface
167	!
168	! 3871 2019-04-08 14:38:39Z knoop
169	! Major changes in formatting, performance and data input structure (see branch
170	! the history for details)
171	! - Time-dependent emissions enabled: lod=1 for yearly PM emissions that are
172	! normalised depending on the time, and lod=2 for preprocessed emissions
173	! (similar to the chemistry module).
174	! - Additionally, 'uniform' emissions allowed. This emission is set constant on
175	! all horisontal upward facing surfaces and it is created based on parameters
176	! surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg/sigmag/mass_fracs_a/mass_fracs_b.
177	! - All emissions are now implemented as surface fluxes! No 3D sources anymore.
178	! - Update the emission information by calling salsa_emission_update if
179	! skip_time_do_salsa >= time_since_reference_point and
180	! next_aero_emission_update <= time_since_reference_point
181	! - Aerosol background concentrations read from PIDS_DYNAMIC. The vertical grid
182	! must match the one applied in the model.
183	! - Gas emissions and background concentrations can be also read in in salsa_mod
184	! if the chemistry module is not applied.
185	! - In deposition, information on the land use type can be now imported from
186	! the land use model
187	! - Use SI units in PARIN, i.e. n_lognorm given in #/m3 and dpg in metres.
188	! - Apply 100 character line limit
189	! - Change all variable names from capital to lowercase letter
190	! - Change real exponents to integer if possible. If not, precalculate the value
191	! value of exponent
192	! - Rename in1a to start_subrange_1a, fn2a to end_subrange_1a etc.
193	! - Rename nbins --> nbins_aerosol, ncc_tot --> ncomponents_mass and ngast -->
194	! ngases_salsa
195	! - Rename ibc to index_bc, idu to index_du etc.
196	! - Renamed loop indices b, c and sg to ib, ic and ig
197	! - run_salsa subroutine removed
198	! - Corrected a bud in salsa_driver: falsely applied ino instead of inh
199	! - Call salsa_tendency within salsa_prognostic_equations which is called in
200	! module_interface_mod instead of prognostic_equations_mod
201	! - Removed tailing white spaces and unused variables
202	! - Change error message to start by PA instead of SA
203	!
204	! 3833 2019-03-28 15:04:04Z forkel
205	! added USE chem_gasphase_mod for nvar, nspec and spc_names
206	!
207	! 3787 2019-03-07 08:43:54Z raasch
208	! unused variables removed
209	!
210	! 3780 2019-03-05 11:19:45Z forkel
211	! unused variable for file index removed from rrd-subroutines parameter list
212	!
213	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
214	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
215	!
216	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
217	! Implementation of the PALM module interface
218	! 3412 2018-10-24 07:25:57Z monakurppa
219	!
220	! Authors:
221	! --------
222	! @author Mona Kurppa (University of Helsinki)
223	!
224	!
225	! Description:
226	! ------------
227	!> Sectional aerosol module for large scale applications SALSA
228	!> (Kokkola et al., 2008, ACP 8, 2469-2483). Solves the aerosol number and mass
229	!> concentration as well as chemical composition. Includes aerosol dynamic
230	!> processes: nucleation, condensation/evaporation of vapours, coagulation and
231	!> deposition on tree leaves, ground and roofs.
232	!> Implementation is based on formulations implemented in UCLALES-SALSA except
233	!> for deposition which is based on parametrisations by Zhang et al. (2001,
234	!> Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560) or Petroff&Zhang (2010, Geosci. Model Dev. 3,
235	!> 753-769)
236	!>
237	!> @todo Apply information from emission_stack_height to lift emission sources
238	!> @todo Allow insoluble emissions
239	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
240	MODULE salsa_mod
241
242	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
243	ONLY: c_p, g, p_0, pi, r_d
244
245	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
246	ONLY: nspec, nvar, spc_names
247
248	USE chem_modules, &
249	ONLY: call_chem_at_all_substeps, chem_gasphase_on, chem_species
250
251	USE control_parameters, &
252	ONLY: air_chemistry, bc_dirichlet_l, bc_dirichlet_n, bc_dirichlet_r, bc_dirichlet_s, &
253	bc_lr, bc_lr_cyc, bc_ns, bc_ns_cyc, bc_radiation_l, bc_radiation_n, bc_radiation_r, &
254	bc_radiation_s, coupling_char, debug_output, dt_3d, intermediate_timestep_count, &
255	intermediate_timestep_count_max, land_surface, max_pr_salsa, message_string, &
256	monotonic_limiter_z, plant_canopy, pt_surface, salsa, scalar_advec, &
257	surface_pressure, time_since_reference_point, timestep_scheme, tsc, urban_surface, &
258	ws_scheme_sca
259
260	USE indices, &
261	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb, nz, nzt, wall_flags_static_0
262
263	USE kinds
264
265	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
266	ONLY: chem_emis_att_type, chem_emis_val_type
267
268	USE pegrid
269
270	USE statistics, &
271	ONLY: sums_salsa_ws_l
272
273	IMPLICIT NONE
274	!
275	!-- SALSA constants:
276	!
277	!-- Local constants:
278	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: luc_urban = 15 !< default landuse type for urban
279	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: ngases_salsa = 5 !< total number of gaseous tracers:
280	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV
281	!< (non-volatile OC), 5 = OCSV (semi-volatile)
282	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nmod = 7 !< number of modes for initialising the aerosol size distribution
283	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nreg = 2 !< Number of main size subranges
284	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: maxspec = 7 !< Max. number of aerosol species
285
286
287	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: fill_value = -9999.0_wp !< value for the _FillValue attribute
288	!
289	!-- Universal constants
290	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: abo = 1.380662E-23_wp !< Boltzmann constant (J/K)
291	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv = 2.260E+6_wp !< latent heat for H2O vaporisation (J/kg)
292	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv_d_rv = 4896.96865_wp !< alv / rv
293	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: am_airmol = 4.8096E-26_wp !< Average mass of an air molecule (Jacobson 2005, Eq.2.3)
294	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: api6 = 0.5235988_wp !< pi / 6
295	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas = 8.314409_wp !< Gas constant (J/(mol K))
296	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas_d_cpd = 8.281283865E-3_wp !< argas per cpd
297	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: avo = 6.02214E+23_wp !< Avogadro constant (1/mol)
298	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: d_sa = 5.539376964394570E-10_wp !< diameter of condensing H2SO4 molecule (m)
299	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: for_ppm_to_nconc = 7.243016311E+16_wp !< ppm * avo / R (K/(Pa*m3))
300	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: epsoc = 0.15_wp !< water uptake of organic material
301	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: mclim = 1.0E-23_wp !< mass concentration min limit (kg/m3)
302	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: n3 = 158.79_wp !< Number of H2SO4 molecules in 3 nm cluster if d_sa=5.54e-10m
303	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: nclim = 1.0_wp !< number concentration min limit (#/m3)
304	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: surfw0 = 0.073_wp !< surface tension of water at 293 K (J/m2)
305	!
306	!-- Molar masses in kg/mol
307	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: ambc = 12.0E-3_wp !< black carbon (BC)
308	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdair = 28.970E-3_wp !< dry air
309	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdu = 100.0E-3_wp !< mineral dust
310	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2o = 18.0154E-3_wp !< H2O
311	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2so4 = 98.06E-3_wp !< H2SO4
312	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amhno3 = 63.01E-3_wp !< HNO3
313	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amn2o = 44.013E-3_wp !< N2O
314	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amnh3 = 17.031E-3_wp !< NH3
315	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo2 = 31.9988E-3_wp !< O2
316	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo3 = 47.998E-3_wp !< O3
317	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amoc = 150.0E-3_wp !< organic carbon (OC)
318	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amss = 58.44E-3_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
319	!
320	!-- Densities in kg/m3
321	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhobc = 2000.0_wp !< black carbon
322	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhodu = 2650.0_wp !< mineral dust
323	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2o = 1000.0_wp !< H2O
324	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2so4 = 1830.0_wp !< SO4
325	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhohno3 = 1479.0_wp !< HNO3
326	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhonh3 = 1530.0_wp !< NH3
327	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhooc = 2000.0_wp !< organic carbon
328	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoss = 2165.0_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
329	!
330	!-- Volume of molecule in m3/#
331	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2o = amh2o /avo / arhoh2o !< H2O
332	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2so4 = amh2so4 / avo / arhoh2so4 !< SO4
333	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvhno3 = amhno3 / avo / arhohno3 !< HNO3
334	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvnh3 = amnh3 / avo / arhonh3 !< NH3
335	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvoc = amoc / avo / arhooc !< OC
336	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvss = amss / avo / arhoss !< sea salt
337	!
338	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Petroff and Zhang (2010):
339	!-- obstacle characteristic dimension "L" (cm) (plane obstacle by default) and empirical constants
340	!-- C_B, C_IN, C_IM, beta_IM and C_IT for each land use category (15, as in Zhang et al. (2001))
341	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: l_p10 = &
342	(/0.15, 4.0, 0.15, 3.0, 3.0, 0.5, 3.0, -99., 0.5, 2.0, 1.0, -99., -99., -99., 3.0/)
343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_b_p10 = &
344	(/0.887, 1.262, 0.887, 1.262, 1.262, 0.996, 0.996, -99., 0.7, 0.93, 0.996, -99., -99., -99., 1.262/)
345	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_in_p10 = &
346	(/0.81, 0.216, 0.81, 0.216, 0.216, 0.191, 0.162, -99., 0.7, 0.14, 0.162, -99., -99., -99., 0.216/)
347	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_im_p10 = &
348	(/0.162, 0.13, 0.162, 0.13, 0.13, 0.191, 0.081, -99., 0.191,0.086,0.081, -99., -99., -99., 0.13/)
349	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: beta_im_p10 = &
350	(/0.6, 0.47, 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, -99., 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, -99., -99., -99., 0.47/)
351	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_it_p10 = &
352	(/0.0, 0.056, 0.0, 0.056, 0.056, 0.042, 0.056, -99., 0.042,0.014,0.056, -99., -99., -99., 0.056/)
353	!
354	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Zhang et al. (2001):
355	!-- empirical constants "alpha" and "gamma" and characteristic radius "A" for
356	!-- each land use category (15) and season (5)
357	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: alpha_z01 = &
358	(/1.0, 0.6, 1.1, 0.8, 0.8, 1.2, 1.2, 50.0, 50.0, 1.3, 2.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0, 1.5/)
359	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: gamma_z01 = &
360	(/0.56, 0.58, 0.56, 0.56, 0.56, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.50, 0.50, 0.56/)
361	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15,1:5), PARAMETER :: A_z01 = RESHAPE( (/&
362	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC1
363	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC2
364	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC3
365	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC4
366	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0 & ! SC5
367	/), (/ 15, 5 /) )
368	!-- Land use categories (based on Z01 but the same applies here also for P10):
369	!-- 1 = evergreen needleleaf trees,
370	!-- 2 = evergreen broadleaf trees,
371	!-- 3 = deciduous needleleaf trees,
372	!-- 4 = deciduous broadleaf trees,
373	!-- 5 = mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees (deciduous broadleaf trees for P10),
374	!-- 6 = grass (short grass for P10),
375	!-- 7 = crops, mixed farming,
376	!-- 8 = desert,
377	!-- 9 = tundra,
378	!-- 10 = shrubs and interrupted woodlands (thorn shrubs for P10),
379	!-- 11 = wetland with plants (long grass for P10)
380	!-- 12 = ice cap and glacier,
381	!-- 13 = inland water (inland lake for P10)
382	!-- 14 = ocean (water for P10),
383	!-- 15 = urban
384	!
385	!-- SALSA variables:
386	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_b = 'neumann' !< bottom boundary condition
387	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_t = 'neumann' !< top boundary condition
388	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
389	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_type = 'deciduous_broadleaf' !< leaf type
390	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_surf_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
391	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_dynamic = 'PIDS_DYNAMIC' !< file name for dynamic input
392	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_salsa = 'PIDS_SALSA' !< file name for emission data
393	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: salsa_emission_mode = 'no_emission' !< 'no_emission', 'uniform',
394	!< 'parameterized', 'read_from_file'
395
396	CHARACTER(LEN=20), DIMENSION(4) :: decycle_method_salsa = &
397	(/'dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet'/)
398	!< Decycling method at horizontal boundaries
399	!< 1=left, 2=right, 3=south, 4=north
400	!< dirichlet = initial profiles for the ghost and first 3 layers
401	!< neumann = zero gradient
402
403	CHARACTER(LEN=3), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: listspec = & !< Active aerosols
404	(/'SO4',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '/)
405
406	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_par_num = 1 !< parametrisation type: 1=zhang2001, 2=petroff2010
407	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_type_num = 0 !< index for the dry deposition type on the plant canopy
408	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_surf_par_num = 1 !< parametrisation type: 1=zhang2001, 2=petroff2010
409	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_1a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 1a
410	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2a
411	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2b = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2b
412	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_b !< index for the bottom boundary condition
413	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_t !< index for the top boundary condition
414	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_bc = -1 !< index for black carbon (BC)
415	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_du = -1 !< index for dust
416	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_nh = -1 !< index for NH3
417	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_no = -1 !< index for HNO3
418	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_oc = -1 !< index for organic carbon (OC)
419	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_so4 = -1 !< index for SO4 or H2SO4
420	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_ss = -1 !< index for sea salt
421	INTEGER(iwp) :: init_aerosol_type = 0 !< Initial size distribution type
422	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
423	!< 1 = read vertical profiles from an input file
424	INTEGER(iwp) :: init_gases_type = 0 !< Initial gas concentration type
425	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
426	!< 1 = read vertical profiles from an input file
427	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_gas_emissions = 0 !< level of detail of the gaseous emission data
428	INTEGER(iwp) :: main_street_id = 0 !< lower bound of main street IDs for parameterized emission mode
429	INTEGER(iwp) :: max_street_id = 0 !< upper bound of main street IDs for parameterized emission mode
430	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins_aerosol = 1 !< total number of size bins
431	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 1 !< number of chemical components used
432	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomponents_mass = 1 !< total number of chemical compounds (ncc+1)
433	!< if particle water is advected)
434	INTEGER(iwp) :: nj3 = 1 !< J3 parametrization (nucleation)
435	!< 1 = condensational sink (Kerminen&Kulmala, 2002)
436	!< 2 = coagulational sink (Lehtinen et al. 2007)
437	!< 3 = coagS+self-coagulation (Anttila et al. 2010)
438	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsnucl = 0 !< Choice of the nucleation scheme:
439	!< 0 = off
440	!< 1 = binary nucleation
441	!< 2 = activation type nucleation
442	!< 3 = kinetic nucleation
443	!< 4 = ternary nucleation
444	!< 5 = nucleation with ORGANICs
445	!< 6 = activation type of nucleation with H2SO4+ORG
446	!< 7 = heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
447	!< 8 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4
448	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
449	!< 9 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and ORG
450	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
451	INTEGER(iwp) :: salsa_pr_count = 0 !< counter for salsa variable profiles
452	INTEGER(iwp) :: season_z01 = 1 !< For dry deposition by Zhang et al.: 1 = summer,
453	!< 2 = autumn (no harvest yet), 3 = late autumn
454	!< (already frost), 4 = winter, 5 = transitional spring
455	INTEGER(iwp) :: side_street_id = 0 !< lower bound of side street IDs for parameterized emission mode
456	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_1a = 1 !< start index for bin subranges: subrange 1a
457	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2a = 1 !< subrange 2a
458	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2b = 1 !< subrange 2b
459
460	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nreg) :: nbin = (/ 3, 7/) !< Number of size bins per subrange: 1 & 2
461
462	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: gas_index_chem = (/ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1/) !< gas indices in chemistry_model_mod
463	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3,
464	!< 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV, 5 = OCSV
465	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: emission_index_chem !< gas indices in the gas emission file
466	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(99) :: salsa_pr_index = 0 !< index for salsa profiles
467
468	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_topo_top !< vertical index of the topography top
469
470	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: salsa_advc_flags_s !< flags used to degrade order of advection
471	!< scheme for salsa variables near walls and
472	!< lateral boundaries
473	!
474	!-- SALSA switches:
475	LOGICAL :: advect_particle_water = .TRUE. !< Advect water concentration of particles
476	LOGICAL :: decycle_salsa_lr = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundaries: left and right
477	LOGICAL :: decycle_salsa_ns = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundaries: north and south
478	LOGICAL :: include_emission = .FALSE. !< Include or not emissions
479	LOGICAL :: feedback_to_palm = .FALSE. !< Allow feedback due to condensation of H2O
480	LOGICAL :: nesting_salsa = .TRUE. !< Apply nesting for salsa
481	LOGICAL :: nesting_offline_salsa = .TRUE. !< Apply offline nesting for salsa
482	LOGICAL :: no_insoluble = .FALSE. !< Exclude insoluble chemical components
483	LOGICAL :: read_restart_data_salsa = .FALSE. !< Read restart data for salsa
484	LOGICAL :: salsa_gases_from_chem = .FALSE. !< Transfer the gaseous components to SALSA
485	LOGICAL :: van_der_waals_coagc = .FALSE. !< Include van der Waals and viscous forces in coagulation
486	LOGICAL :: write_binary_salsa = .FALSE. !< read binary for salsa
487	!
488	!-- Process switches: nl* is read from the NAMELIST and is NOT changed.
489	!-- ls* is the switch used and will get the value of nl*
490	!-- except for special circumstances (spinup period etc.)
491	LOGICAL :: nlcoag = .FALSE. !< Coagulation master switch
492	LOGICAL :: lscoag = .FALSE. !<
493	LOGICAL :: nlcnd = .FALSE. !< Condensation master switch
494	LOGICAL :: lscnd = .FALSE. !<
495	LOGICAL :: nlcndgas = .FALSE. !< Condensation of precursor gases
496	LOGICAL :: lscndgas = .FALSE. !<
497	LOGICAL :: nlcndh2oae = .FALSE. !< Condensation of H2O on aerosol
498	LOGICAL :: lscndh2oae = .FALSE. !< particles (FALSE -> equilibrium calc.)
499	LOGICAL :: nldepo = .FALSE. !< Deposition master switch
500	LOGICAL :: lsdepo = .FALSE. !<
501	LOGICAL :: nldepo_surf = .FALSE. !< Deposition on vegetation master switch
502	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_surf = .FALSE. !<
503	LOGICAL :: nldepo_pcm = .FALSE. !< Deposition on walls master switch
504	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE. !<
505	LOGICAL :: nldistupdate = .TRUE. !< Size distribution update master switch
506	LOGICAL :: lsdistupdate = .FALSE. !<
507	LOGICAL :: lspartition = .FALSE. !< Partition of HNO3 and NH3
508
509	REAL(wp) :: act_coeff = 1.0E-7_wp !< Activation coefficient (1/s)
510	REAL(wp) :: dt_salsa = 0.00001_wp !< Time step of SALSA
511	REAL(wp) :: emiss_factor_main = 0.0_wp !< relative emission factor for main streets
512	REAL(wp) :: emiss_factor_side = 0.0_wp !< relative emission factor for side streets
513	REAL(wp) :: h2so4_init = nclim !< Init value for sulphuric acid gas
514	REAL(wp) :: hno3_init = nclim !< Init value for nitric acid gas
515	REAL(wp) :: last_salsa_time = 0.0_wp !< previous salsa call
516	REAL(wp) :: next_aero_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
517	REAL(wp) :: next_gas_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
518	REAL(wp) :: nf2a = 1.0_wp !< Number fraction allocated to 2a-bins
519	REAL(wp) :: nh3_init = nclim !< Init value for ammonia gas
520	REAL(wp) :: ocnv_init = nclim !< Init value for non-volatile organic gases
521	REAL(wp) :: ocsv_init = nclim !< Init value for semi-volatile organic gases
522	REAL(wp) :: rhlim = 1.20_wp !< RH limit in %/100. Prevents unrealistical RH
523	REAL(wp) :: time_utc_init !< time in seconds-of-day of origin_date_time
524	REAL(wp) :: skip_time_do_salsa = 0.0_wp !< Starting time of SALSA (s)
525	!
526	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres),
527	!-- standard deviation (sigmag) and concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3)
528	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: dpg = &
529	(/1.3E-8_wp, 5.4E-8_wp, 8.6E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp/)
530	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: sigmag = &
531	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
532	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: n_lognorm = &
533	(/1.04e+11_wp, 3.23E+10_wp, 5.4E+6_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
534	!
535	!-- Initial mass fractions / chemical composition of the size distribution
536	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_a = & !< mass fractions between
537	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for A bins
538	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_b = & !< mass fractions between
539	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for B bins
540	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nreg+1) :: reglim = & !< Min&max diameters of size subranges
541	(/ 3.0E-9_wp, 5.0E-8_wp, 1.0E-5_wp/)
542	!
543	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres), standard deviation (sigmag)
544	!-- concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3) and mass fractions of all chemical components (listed in
545	!-- listspec) for both a (soluble) and b (insoluble) bins.
546	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_dpg = &
547	(/1.3E-8_wp, 5.4E-8_wp, 8.6E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp/)
548	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_sigmag = &
549	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
550	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a = &
551	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
552	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b = &
553	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
554	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: surface_aerosol_flux = &
555	(/1.0E+8_wp, 1.0E+9_wp, 1.0E+5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
556
557	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bin_low_limits !< to deliver information about
558	!< the lower diameters per bin
559	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_am_t_val !< vertical gradient of: aerosol mass
560	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_an_t_val !< of: aerosol number
561	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_gt_t_val !< salsa gases near domain top
562	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: gas_emission_time !< Time array in gas emission data (s)
563	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsect !< Background number concentrations
564	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: massacc !< Mass accomodation coefficients
565	!
566	!-- SALSA derived datatypes:
567	!
568	!-- Component index
569	TYPE component_index
570	CHARACTER(len=3), ALLOCATABLE :: comp(:) !< Component name
571	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomp !< Number of components
572	INTEGER(iwp), ALLOCATABLE :: ind(:) !< Component index
573	END TYPE component_index
574	!
575	!-- For matching LSM and USM surface types and the deposition module surface types
576	TYPE match_surface
577	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_lupg !< index for pavement / green roofs
578	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_luvw !< index for vegetation / walls
579	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_luww !< index for water / windows
580	END TYPE match_surface
581	!
582	!-- Aerosol emission data attributes
583	TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
584
585	CHARACTER(LEN=25) :: units
586
587	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_name !<
588	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !<
589	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: unit_time !<
590	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !<
591
592	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod = 0 !< level of detail
593	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins = 10 !< number of aerosol size bins
594	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncat = 0 !< number of emission categories
595	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 7 !< number of aerosol chemical components
596	INTEGER(iwp) :: nhoursyear = 0 !< number of hours: HOURLY mode
597	INTEGER(iwp) :: nmonthdayhour = 0 !< number of month days and hours: MDH mode
598	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
599	INTEGER(iwp) :: nt = 0 !< number of time steps
600	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz = 0 !< number of vertical levels
601	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind !< time index for reference time in salsa emission data
602
603	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_in2mod = 0 !<
604
605	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_index !< Index of emission categories
606	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_index !< Index of chemical components
607
608	REAL(wp) :: conversion_factor !< unit conversion factor for aerosol emissions
609
610	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: dmid !< mean diameters of size bins (m)
611	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: rho !< average density (kg/m3)
612	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time !< time (s)
613	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time_factor !< emission time factor
614	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: z !< height (m)
615
616	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: etf !< emission time factor
617	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: stack_height
618
619	END TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
620	!
621	!-- The default size distribution and mass composition per emission category:
622	!-- 1 = traffic, 2 = road dust, 3 = wood combustion, 4 = other
623	!-- Mass fractions: H2SO4, OC, BC, DU, SS, HNO3, NH3
624	TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
625
626	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndm = 3 !< number of default modes
627	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndc = 4 !< number of default categories
628
629	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_name_table = (/'traffic exhaust', &
630	'road dust ', &
631	'wood combustion', &
632	'other '/)
633
634	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_input_to_model !<
635
636	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: dpg_table = (/ 13.5E-9_wp, 1.4E-6_wp, 5.4E-8_wp/) !<
637	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ntot_table !<
638	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: sigmag_table = (/ 1.6_wp, 1.4_wp, 1.7_wp /) !<
639
640	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:maxspec,1:4) :: mass_frac_table = & !<
641	RESHAPE( (/ 0.04_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
642	0.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.95_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
643	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
644	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp &
645	/), (/maxspec,4/) )
646
647	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3,1:4) :: pm_frac_table = & !< rel. mass
648	RESHAPE( (/ 0.016_wp, 0.000_wp, 0.984_wp, &
649	0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, &
650	0.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, &
651	1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp &
652	/), (/3,4/) )
653
654	END TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
655	!
656	!-- Aerosol emission data values
657	TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
658
659	REAL(wp) :: fill !< fill value
660
661	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mass_fracs !< mass fractions per emis. category
662	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_fracs !< number fractions per emis. category
663
664	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_data !< surface emission in PM
665	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_data !< surface emission per category
666
667	END TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
668	!
669	!-- Offline nesting data type
670	TYPE salsa_nest_offl_type
671
672	CHARACTER(LEN=16) :: char_l = 'ls_forcing_left_' !< leading substring at left boundary
673	CHARACTER(LEN=17) :: char_n = 'ls_forcing_north_' !< leading substring at north boundary
674	CHARACTER(LEN=17) :: char_r = 'ls_forcing_right_' !< leading substring at right boundary
675	CHARACTER(LEN=17) :: char_s = 'ls_forcing_south_' !< leading substring at south boundary
676	CHARACTER(LEN=15) :: char_t = 'ls_forcing_top_' !< leading substring at top boundary
677
678	CHARACTER(LEN=5), DIMENSION(1:ngases_salsa) :: gas_name = (/'H2SO4','HNO3 ','NH3 ','OCNV ','OCSV '/)
679
680	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !< chemical component name
681	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !< list of variable names
682
683	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_dynamic !< NetCDF id of dynamic input file
684	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc !< number of aerosol chemical components
685	INTEGER(iwp) :: nt !< number of time levels in dynamic input file
686	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzu !< number of vertical levels on scalar grid in dynamic input file
687	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind !< time index for reference time in mesoscale-offline nesting
688	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind_p !< time index for following time in mesoscale-offline nesting
689
690	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_in2mod = 0 !< to transfer chemical composition from input to model
691
692	LOGICAL :: init = .FALSE. !< flag indicating the initialisation of offline nesting
693
694	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: dmid !< vertical profile of aerosol bin diameters
695	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time !< time in dynamic input file
696	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: zu_atmos !< zu in dynamic input file
697
698	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: gconc_left !< gas conc. at left boundary
699	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: gconc_north !< gas conc. at north boundary
700	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: gconc_right !< gas conc. at right boundary
701	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: gconc_south !< gas conc. at south boundary
702	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: gconc_top !< gas conc.at top boundary
703	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mconc_left !< aerosol mass conc. at left boundary
704	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mconc_north !< aerosol mass conc. at north boundary
705	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mconc_right !< aerosol mass conc. at right boundary
706	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mconc_south !< aerosol mass conc. at south boundary
707	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mconc_top !< aerosol mass conc. at top boundary
708	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nconc_left !< aerosol number conc. at left boundary
709	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nconc_north !< aerosol number conc. at north boundary
710	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nconc_right !< aerosol number conc. at right boundary
711	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nconc_south !< aerosol number conc. at south boundary
712	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nconc_top !< aerosol number conc. at top boundary
713
714	END TYPE salsa_nest_offl_type
715	!
716	!-- Prognostic variable: Aerosol size bin information (number (#/m3) and mass (kg/m3) concentration)
717	!-- and the concentration of gaseous tracers (#/m3). Gas tracers are contained sequentially in
718	!-- dimension 4 as:
719	!-- 1. H2SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV (non-volatile organics), 5. OCSV (semi-volatile)
720	TYPE salsa_variable
721
722	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: init !<
723
724	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: diss_s !<
725	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: flux_s !<
726	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: source !<
727	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: sums_ws_l !<
728
729	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: diss_l !<
730	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: flux_l !<
731
732	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: conc !<
733	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: conc_p !<
734	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: tconc_m !<
735
736	END TYPE salsa_variable
737	!
738	!-- Datatype used to store information about the binned size distributions of aerosols
739	TYPE t_section
740
741	REAL(wp) :: dmid !< bin middle diameter (m)
742	REAL(wp) :: vhilim !< bin volume at the high limit
743	REAL(wp) :: vlolim !< bin volume at the low limit
744	REAL(wp) :: vratiohi !< volume ratio between the center and high limit
745	REAL(wp) :: vratiolo !< volume ratio between the center and low limit
746	!******************************************************
747	! ^ Do NOT change the stuff above after initialization !
748	!******************************************************
749	REAL(wp) :: core !< Volume of dry particle
750	REAL(wp) :: dwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter (m)
751	REAL(wp) :: numc !< Number concentration of particles/droplets (#/m3)
752	REAL(wp) :: veqh2o !< Equilibrium H2O concentration for each particle
753
754	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec+1) :: volc !< Volume concentrations (m^3/m^3) of aerosols +
755	!< water. Since most of the stuff in SALSA is hard
756	!< coded, these have to be in the order
757	!< 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
758	END TYPE t_section
759
760	TYPE(salsa_emission_attribute_type) :: aero_emission_att !< emission attributes
761	TYPE(salsa_emission_value_type) :: aero_emission !< emission values
762	TYPE(salsa_emission_mode_type) :: def_modes !< default emission modes
763
764	TYPE(chem_emis_att_type) :: chem_emission_att !< chemistry emission attributes
765
766	TYPE(chem_emis_val_type), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_emission !< chemistry emissions
767
768	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: aero !< local aerosol properties
769
770	TYPE(match_surface) :: lsm_to_depo_h !< to match the deposition module and horizontal LSM surfaces
771	TYPE(match_surface) :: usm_to_depo_h !< to match the deposition module and horizontal USM surfaces
772
773	TYPE(match_surface), DIMENSION(0:3) :: lsm_to_depo_v !< to match the deposition mod. and vertical LSM surfaces
774	TYPE(match_surface), DIMENSION(0:3) :: usm_to_depo_v !< to match the deposition mod. and vertical USM surfaces
775	!
776	!-- SALSA variables: as x = x(k,j,i,bin).
777	!-- The 4th dimension contains all the size bins sequentially for each aerosol species + water.
778	!
779	!-- Prognostic variables:
780	!
781	!-- Number concentration (#/m3)
782	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: aerosol_number !<
783	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_1 !<
784	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_2 !<
785	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_3 !<
786	!
787	!-- Mass concentration (kg/m3)
788	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: aerosol_mass !<
789	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_1 !<
790	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_2 !<
791	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_3 !<
792	!
793	!-- Gaseous concentrations (#/m3)
794	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: salsa_gas !<
795	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_1 !<
796	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_2 !<
797	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_3 !<
798	!
799	!-- Diagnostic tracers
800	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: sedim_vd !< sedimentation velocity per bin (m/s)
801	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ra_dry !< aerosol dry radius (m)
802
803	!-- Particle component index tables
804	TYPE(component_index) :: prtcl !< Contains "getIndex" which gives the index for a given aerosol
805	!< component name: 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
806	!
807	!-- Offline nesting:
808	TYPE(salsa_nest_offl_type) :: salsa_nest_offl !< data structure for offline nesting
809	!
810	!-- Data output arrays:
811	!
812	!-- Gases:
813	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_h2so4_av !< H2SO4
814	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_hno3_av !< HNO3
815	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_nh3_av !< NH3
816	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_ocnv_av !< non-volatile OC
817	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_ocsv_av !< semi-volatile OC
818	!
819	!-- Integrated:
820	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: ldsa_av !< lung-deposited surface area
821	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: ntot_av !< total number concentration
822	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nufp_av !< ultrafine particles (UFP)
823	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm01_av !< PM0.1
824	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm25_av !< PM2.5
825	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm10_av !< PM10
826	!
827	!-- In the particle phase:
828	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_bc_av !< black carbon
829	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_du_av !< dust
830	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_h2o_av !< liquid water
831	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_nh_av !< ammonia
832	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_no_av !< nitrates
833	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_oc_av !< org. carbon
834	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_so4_av !< sulphates
835	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_ss_av !< sea salt
836	!
837	!-- Bin specific mass and number concentrations:
838	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mbins_av !< bin mas
839	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nbins_av !< bin number
840
841	!
842	!-- PALM interfaces:
843
844	INTERFACE salsa_actions
845	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions
846	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions_ij
847	END INTERFACE salsa_actions
848
849	INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
850	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_3d_data_averaging
851	END INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
852
853	INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
854	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds
855	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds_decycle
856	END INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
857
858	INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conditions
859	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conditions
860	END INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conditions
861
862	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
863	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output
864	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
865
866	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output_pr
867	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output_pr
868	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output_pr
869
870	INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
871	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_parameters
872	END INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
873
874	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
875	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_2d
876	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
877
878	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
879	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_3d
880	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
881
882	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
883	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_mask
884	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
885
886	INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
887	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
888	END INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
889
890	INTERFACE salsa_emission_update
891	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_emission_update
892	END INTERFACE salsa_emission_update
893
894	INTERFACE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
895	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
896	END INTERFACE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
897
898	INTERFACE salsa_header
899	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_header
900	END INTERFACE salsa_header
901
902	INTERFACE salsa_init
903	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init
904	END INTERFACE salsa_init
905
906	INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
907	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init_arrays
908	END INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
909
910	INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_bc
911	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_nesting_offl_bc
912	END INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_bc
913
914	INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_init
915	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_nesting_offl_init
916	END INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_init
917
918	INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_input
919	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_nesting_offl_input
920	END INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_input
921
922	INTERFACE salsa_non_advective_processes
923	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_non_advective_processes
924	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_non_advective_processes_ij
925	END INTERFACE salsa_non_advective_processes
926
927	INTERFACE salsa_parin
928	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_parin
929	END INTERFACE salsa_parin
930
931	INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
932	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations
933	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations_ij
934	END INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
935
936	INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
937	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_rrd_local
938	END INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
939
940	INTERFACE salsa_statistics
941	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_statistics
942	END INTERFACE salsa_statistics
943
944	INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
945	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_swap_timelevel
946	END INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
947
948	INTERFACE salsa_tendency
949	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency
950	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency_ij
951	END INTERFACE salsa_tendency
952
953	INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
954	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_wrd_local
955	END INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
956
957
958	SAVE
959
960	PRIVATE
961	!
962	!-- Public functions:
963	PUBLIC salsa_3d_data_averaging, &
964	salsa_actions, &
965	salsa_boundary_conds, &
966	salsa_boundary_conditions, &
967	salsa_check_data_output, &
968	salsa_check_data_output_pr, &
969	salsa_check_parameters, &
970	salsa_data_output_2d, &
971	salsa_data_output_3d, &
972	salsa_data_output_mask, &
973	salsa_define_netcdf_grid, &
974	salsa_diagnostics, &
975	salsa_emission_update, &
976	salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds, &
977	salsa_header, &
978	salsa_init, &
979	salsa_init_arrays, &
980	salsa_nesting_offl_bc, &
981	salsa_nesting_offl_init, &
982	salsa_nesting_offl_input, &
983	salsa_non_advective_processes, &
984	salsa_parin, &
985	salsa_prognostic_equations, &
986	salsa_rrd_local, &
987	salsa_statistics, &
988	salsa_swap_timelevel, &
989	salsa_wrd_local
990
991	!
992	!-- Public parameters, constants and initial values
993	PUBLIC bc_am_t_val, &
994	bc_an_t_val, &
995	bc_gt_t_val, &
996	ibc_salsa_b, &
997	init_aerosol_type, &
998	init_gases_type, &
999	nesting_salsa, &
1000	nesting_offline_salsa, &
1001	salsa_gases_from_chem, &
1002	skip_time_do_salsa
1003	!
1004	!-- Public variables
1005	PUBLIC aerosol_mass, &
1006	aerosol_number, &
1007	gconc_2, &
1008	mconc_2, &
1009	nbins_aerosol, &
1010	ncomponents_mass, &
1011	nconc_2, &
1012	ngases_salsa, &
1013	salsa_gas, &
1014	salsa_nest_offl
1015
1016
1017	CONTAINS
1018
1019	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1020	! Description:
1021	! ------------
1022	!> Parin for &salsa_par for new modules
1023	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1024	SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
1025
1026	USE control_parameters, &
1027	ONLY: data_output_pr
1028
1029	IMPLICIT NONE
1030
1031	CHARACTER(LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of parameter file
1032
1033	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
1034	INTEGER(iwp) :: max_pr_salsa_tmp !< dummy variable
1035
1036	NAMELIST /salsa_parameters/ aerosol_flux_dpg, &
1037	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a, &
1038	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b, &
1039	aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
1040	advect_particle_water, &
1041	bc_salsa_b, &
1042	bc_salsa_t, &
1043	decycle_salsa_lr, &
1044	decycle_method_salsa, &
1045	decycle_salsa_ns, &
1046	depo_pcm_par, &
1047	depo_pcm_type, &
1048	depo_surf_par, &
1049	dpg, &
1050	dt_salsa, &
1051	emiss_factor_main, &
1052	emiss_factor_side, &
1053	feedback_to_palm, &
1054	h2so4_init, &
1055	hno3_init, &
1056	listspec, &
1057	main_street_id, &
1058	mass_fracs_a, &
1059	mass_fracs_b, &
1060	max_street_id, &
1061	n_lognorm, &
1062	nbin, &
1063	nesting_salsa, &
1064	nesting_offline_salsa, &
1065	nf2a, &
1066	nh3_init, &
1067	nj3, &
1068	nlcnd, &
1069	nlcndgas, &
1070	nlcndh2oae, &
1071	nlcoag, &
1072	nldepo, &
1073	nldepo_pcm, &
1074	nldepo_surf, &
1075	nldistupdate, &
1076	nsnucl, &
1077	ocnv_init, &
1078	ocsv_init, &
1079	read_restart_data_salsa, &
1080	reglim, &
1081	salsa, &
1082	salsa_emission_mode, &
1083	season_z01, &
1084	sigmag, &
1085	side_street_id, &
1086	skip_time_do_salsa, &
1087	surface_aerosol_flux, &
1088	van_der_waals_coagc, &
1089	write_binary_salsa
1090
1091	line = ' '
1092	!
1093	!-- Try to find salsa package
1094	REWIND ( 11 )
1095	line = ' '
1096	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&salsa_parameters' ) == 0 )
1097	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
1098	ENDDO
1099	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
1100	!
1101	!-- Read user-defined namelist
1102	READ ( 11, salsa_parameters )
1103	!
1104	!-- Enable salsa (salsa switch in modules.f90)
1105	salsa = .TRUE.
1106
1107	10 CONTINUE
1108	!
1109	!-- Update the number of output profiles
1110	max_pr_salsa_tmp = 0
1111	i = 1
1112	DO WHILE ( data_output_pr(i) /= ' ' .AND. i <= 100 )
1113	IF ( TRIM( data_output_pr(i)(1:6) ) == 'salsa_' ) max_pr_salsa_tmp = max_pr_salsa_tmp + 1
1114	i = i + 1
1115	ENDDO
1116	IF ( max_pr_salsa_tmp > 0 ) max_pr_salsa = max_pr_salsa_tmp
1117
1118	END SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
1119
1120	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1121	! Description:
1122	! ------------
1123	!> Check parameters routine for salsa.
1124	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1125	SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
1126
1127	USE control_parameters, &
1128	ONLY: child_domain, humidity, initializing_actions, nesting_offline
1129
1130	IMPLICIT NONE
1131
1132	!
1133	!-- Check that humidity is switched on
1134	IF ( salsa .AND. .NOT. humidity ) THEN
1135	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'salsa = ', salsa, ' is not allowed with humidity = ', humidity
1136	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0594', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1137	ENDIF
1138	!
1139	!-- For nested runs, explicitly set nesting boundary conditions.
1140	IF ( child_domain ) THEN
1141	IF ( nesting_salsa ) THEN
1142	bc_salsa_t = 'nested'
1143	ELSE
1144	bc_salsa_t = 'neumann'
1145	ENDIF
1146	ENDIF
1147	!
1148	!-- Set boundary conditions also in case the model is offline-nested in larger-scale models.
1149	IF ( nesting_offline ) THEN
1150	IF ( nesting_offline_salsa ) THEN
1151	bc_salsa_t = 'nesting_offline'
1152	ELSE
1153	bc_salsa_t = 'neumann'
1154	ENDIF
1155	ENDIF
1156	!
1157	!-- Set bottom boundary condition flag
1158	IF ( bc_salsa_b == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
1159	ibc_salsa_b = 0
1160	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_b == 'neumann' ) THEN
1161	ibc_salsa_b = 1
1162	ELSE
1163	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_b = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
1164	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0595', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1165	ENDIF
1166	!
1167	!-- Set top boundary conditions flag
1168	IF ( bc_salsa_t == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
1169	ibc_salsa_t = 0
1170	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'neumann' ) THEN
1171	ibc_salsa_t = 1
1172	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'initial_gradient' ) THEN
1173	ibc_salsa_t = 2
1174	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'nested' .OR. bc_salsa_t == 'nesting_offline' ) THEN
1175	ibc_salsa_t = 3
1176	ELSE
1177	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_t = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
1178	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0596', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1179	ENDIF
1180	!
1181	!-- Check J3 parametrisation
1182	IF ( nj3 < 1 .OR. nj3 > 3 ) THEN
1183	message_string = 'unknown nj3 (must be 1-3)'
1184	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0597', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1185	ENDIF
1186	!
1187	!-- Check bottom boundary condition in case of surface emissions
1188	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' .AND. ibc_salsa_b == 0 ) THEN
1189	message_string = 'salsa_emission_mode /= "no_emission" requires bc_salsa_b = "Neumann"'
1190	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters','PA0598', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1191	ENDIF
1192	!
1193	!-- Check whether emissions are applied
1194	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' ) include_emission = .TRUE.
1195	!
1196	!-- Set the initialisation type: background concentration are read from PIDS_DYNAMIC if
1197	!-- initializing_actions = 'inifor set_constant_profiles'
1198	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'inifor' ) /= 0 ) THEN
1199	init_aerosol_type = 1
1200	init_gases_type = 1
1201	ENDIF
1202
1203
1204	END SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
1205
1206	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1207	!
1208	! Description:
1209	! ------------
1210	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
1211	!> It is called out from subroutine netcdf.
1212	!> Same grid as for other scalars (see netcdf_interface_mod.f90)
1213	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1214	SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
1215
1216	IMPLICIT NONE
1217
1218	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !<
1219	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !<
1220	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !<
1221	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !<
1222
1223	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
1224
1225	found = .TRUE.
1226	!
1227	!-- Check for the grid
1228
1229	IF ( var(1:6) == 'salsa_' ) THEN ! same grid for all salsa output variables
1230	grid_x = 'x'
1231	grid_y = 'y'
1232	grid_z = 'zu'
1233	ELSE
1234	found = .FALSE.
1235	grid_x = 'none'
1236	grid_y = 'none'
1237	grid_z = 'none'
1238	ENDIF
1239
1240	END SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
1241
1242	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1243	! Description:
1244	! ------------
1245	!> Header output for new module
1246	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1247	SUBROUTINE salsa_header( io )
1248
1249	USE indices, &
1250	ONLY: nx, ny, nz
1251
1252	IMPLICIT NONE
1253
1254	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
1255	!
1256	!-- Write SALSA header
1257	WRITE( io, 1 )
1258	WRITE( io, 2 ) skip_time_do_salsa
1259	WRITE( io, 3 ) dt_salsa
1260	WRITE( io, 4 ) nz, ny, nx, nbins_aerosol
1261	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
1262	WRITE( io, 5 ) nz, ny, nx, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol, advect_particle_water
1263	ELSE
1264	WRITE( io, 5 ) nz, ny, nx, ncc*nbins_aerosol, advect_particle_water
1265	ENDIF
1266	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1267	WRITE( io, 6 ) nz, ny, nx, ngases_salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem
1268	ENDIF
1269	WRITE( io, 7 )
1270	IF ( nsnucl > 0 ) WRITE( io, 8 ) nsnucl, nj3
1271	IF ( nlcoag ) WRITE( io, 9 )
1272	IF ( nlcnd ) WRITE( io, 10 ) nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae
1273	IF ( lspartition ) WRITE( io, 11 )
1274	IF ( nldepo ) WRITE( io, 12 ) nldepo_pcm, nldepo_surf
1275	WRITE( io, 13 ) reglim, nbin, bin_low_limits
1276	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) WRITE( io, 14 ) nsect
1277	WRITE( io, 15 ) ncc, listspec, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
1278	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1279	WRITE( io, 16 ) ngases_salsa, h2so4_init, hno3_init, nh3_init, ocnv_init, ocsv_init
1280	ENDIF
1281	WRITE( io, 17 ) init_aerosol_type, init_gases_type
1282	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) THEN
1283	WRITE( io, 18 ) dpg, sigmag, n_lognorm
1284	ELSE
1285	WRITE( io, 19 )
1286	ENDIF
1287	IF ( nesting_salsa ) WRITE( io, 20 ) nesting_salsa
1288	IF ( nesting_offline_salsa ) WRITE( io, 21 ) nesting_offline_salsa
1289	WRITE( io, 22 ) salsa_emission_mode
1290	IF ( salsa_emission_mode == 'uniform' ) THEN
1291	WRITE( io, 23 ) surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
1292	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a
1293	ENDIF
1294	IF ( SUM( aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b ) > 0.0_wp .OR. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) &
1295	THEN
1296	WRITE( io, 24 )
1297	ENDIF
1298
1299	1 FORMAT (//' SALSA information:'/ &
1300	' ------------------------------'/)
1301	2 FORMAT (' Starts at: skip_time_do_salsa = ', F10.2, ' s')
1302	3 FORMAT (/' Timestep: dt_salsa = ', F6.2, ' s')
1303	4 FORMAT (/' Array shape (z,y,x,bins):'/ &
1304	' aerosol_number: ', 4(I3))
1305	5 FORMAT (/' aerosol_mass: ', 4(I3),/ &
1306	' (advect_particle_water = ', L1, ')')
1307	6 FORMAT (' salsa_gas: ', 4(I3),/ &
1308	' (salsa_gases_from_chem = ', L1, ')')
1309	7 FORMAT (/' Aerosol dynamic processes included: ')
1310	8 FORMAT (/' nucleation (scheme = ', I1, ' and J3 parametrization = ', I1, ')')
1311	9 FORMAT (/' coagulation')
1312	10 FORMAT (/' condensation (of precursor gases = ', L1, ' and water vapour = ', L1, ')' )
1313	11 FORMAT (/' dissolutional growth by HNO3 and NH3')
1314	12 FORMAT (/' dry deposition (on vegetation = ', L1, ' and on topography = ', L1, ')')
1315	13 FORMAT (/' Aerosol bin subrange limits (in metres): ', 3(ES10.2E3), / &
1316	' Number of size bins for each aerosol subrange: ', 2I3,/ &
1317	' Aerosol bin limits (in metres): ', 9(ES10.2E3))
1318	14 FORMAT (' Initial number concentration in bins at the lowest level (#/m**3):', 9(ES10.2E3))
1319	15 FORMAT (/' Number of chemical components used: ', I1,/ &
1320	' Species: ',7(A6),/ &
1321	' Initial relative contribution of each species to particle volume in:',/ &
1322	' a-bins: ', 7(F6.3),/ &
1323	' b-bins: ', 7(F6.3))
1324	16 FORMAT (/' Number of gaseous tracers used: ', I1,/ &
1325	' Initial gas concentrations:',/ &
1326	' H2SO4: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1327	' HNO3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1328	' NH3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1329	' OCNV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1330	' OCSV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3')
1331	17 FORMAT (/' Initialising concentrations: ', / &
1332	' Aerosol size distribution: init_aerosol_type = ', I1,/ &
1333	' Gas concentrations: init_gases_type = ', I1 )
1334	18 FORMAT ( ' Mode diametres: dpg(nmod) = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1335	' Standard deviation: sigmag(nmod) = ', 7(F7.2),/ &
1336	' Number concentration: n_lognorm(nmod) = ', 7(ES12.4E3), ' (#/m3)' )
1337	19 FORMAT (/' Size distribution read from a file.')
1338	20 FORMAT (/' Nesting for salsa variables: ', L1 )
1339	21 FORMAT (/' Offline nesting for salsa variables: ', L1 )
1340	22 FORMAT (/' Emissions: salsa_emission_mode = ', A )
1341	23 FORMAT (/' surface_aerosol_flux = ', ES12.4E3, ' #/m**2/s', / &
1342	' aerosol_flux_dpg = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1343	' aerosol_flux_sigmag = ', 7(F7.2), / &
1344	' aerosol_mass_fracs_a = ', 7(ES12.4E3) )
1345	24 FORMAT (/' (currently all emissions are soluble!)')
1346
1347	END SUBROUTINE salsa_header
1348
1349	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1350	! Description:
1351	! ------------
1352	!> Allocate SALSA arrays and define pointers if required
1353	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1354	SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1355
1356	USE advec_ws, &
1357	ONLY: ws_init_flags_scalar
1358
1359	USE surface_mod, &
1360	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
1361
1362	IMPLICIT NONE
1363
1364	INTEGER(iwp) :: gases_available !< Number of available gas components in the chemistry model
1365	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index for allocating
1366	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< index for indexing chemical components
1367	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for allocating: surfaces
1368	INTEGER(iwp) :: lsp !< loop index for chem species in the chemistry model
1369
1370	gases_available = 0
1371	!
1372	!-- Allocate prognostic variables (see salsa_swap_timelevel)
1373	!
1374	!-- Set derived indices:
1375	!-- (This does the same as the subroutine salsa_initialize in SALSA/UCLALES-SALSA)
1376	start_subrange_1a = 1 ! 1st index of subrange 1a
1377	start_subrange_2a = start_subrange_1a + nbin(1) ! 1st index of subrange 2a
1378	end_subrange_1a = start_subrange_2a - 1 ! last index of subrange 1a
1379	end_subrange_2a = end_subrange_1a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2a
1380
1381	!
1382	!-- If the fraction of insoluble aerosols in subrange 2 is zero: do not allocate arrays for them
1383	IF ( nf2a > 0.999999_wp .AND. SUM( mass_fracs_b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1384	no_insoluble = .TRUE.
1385	start_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a+1 ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1386	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a ! last index of subrange 2b
1387	ELSE
1388	start_subrange_2b = start_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1389	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2b
1390	ENDIF
1391
1392	nbins_aerosol = end_subrange_2b ! total number of aerosol size bins
1393	!
1394	!-- Create index tables for different aerosol components
1395	CALL component_index_constructor( prtcl, ncc, maxspec, listspec )
1396
1397	ncomponents_mass = ncc
1398	IF ( advect_particle_water ) ncomponents_mass = ncc + 1 ! Add water
1399	!
1400	!-- Indices for chemical components used (-1 = not used)
1401	ii = 0
1402	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SO4' ) ) THEN
1403	index_so4 = get_index( prtcl,'SO4' )
1404	ii = ii + 1
1405	ENDIF
1406	IF ( is_used( prtcl,'OC' ) ) THEN
1407	index_oc = get_index(prtcl, 'OC')
1408	ii = ii + 1
1409	ENDIF
1410	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'BC' ) ) THEN
1411	index_bc = get_index( prtcl, 'BC' )
1412	ii = ii + 1
1413	ENDIF
1414	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'DU' ) ) THEN
1415	index_du = get_index( prtcl, 'DU' )
1416	ii = ii + 1
1417	ENDIF
1418	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SS' ) ) THEN
1419	index_ss = get_index( prtcl, 'SS' )
1420	ii = ii + 1
1421	ENDIF
1422	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NO' ) ) THEN
1423	index_no = get_index( prtcl, 'NO' )
1424	ii = ii + 1
1425	ENDIF
1426	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NH' ) ) THEN
1427	index_nh = get_index( prtcl, 'NH' )
1428	ii = ii + 1
1429	ENDIF
1430	!
1431	!-- All species must be known
1432	IF ( ii /= ncc ) THEN
1433	message_string = 'Unknown aerosol species/component(s) given in the initialization'
1434	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: salsa_init', 'PA0600', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1435	ENDIF
1436	!
1437	!-- Allocate:
1438	ALLOCATE( aero(nbins_aerosol), bc_am_t_val(nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass), &
1439	bc_an_t_val(nbins_aerosol), bc_gt_t_val(ngases_salsa), bin_low_limits(nbins_aerosol),&
1440	nsect(nbins_aerosol), massacc(nbins_aerosol) )
1441	ALLOCATE( k_topo_top(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1442	IF ( nldepo ) ALLOCATE( sedim_vd(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1443	ALLOCATE( ra_dry(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1444	!
1445	!-- Initialise the sectional particle size distribution
1446	CALL set_sizebins
1447	!
1448	!-- Aerosol number concentration
1449	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(nbins_aerosol) )
1450	ALLOCATE( nconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1451	nconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1452	nconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1453	nconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1454	nconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1455	nconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1456
1457	DO i = 1, nbins_aerosol
1458	aerosol_number(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1459	aerosol_number(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1460	aerosol_number(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1461	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1462	aerosol_number(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1463	aerosol_number(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1464	aerosol_number(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1465	aerosol_number(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1466	aerosol_number(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1467	aerosol_number(i)%init = nclim
1468	IF ( include_emission .OR. ( nldepo .AND. nldepo_surf ) ) THEN
1469	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%source(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1470	aerosol_number(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1471	ENDIF
1472	ENDDO
1473
1474	!
1475	!-- Aerosol mass concentration
1476	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1477	ALLOCATE( mconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1478	mconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1479	mconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1480	mconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1481	mconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1482	mconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1483
1484	DO i = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1485	aerosol_mass(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1486	aerosol_mass(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1487	aerosol_mass(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1488	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1489	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1490	aerosol_mass(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1491	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1492	aerosol_mass(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1493	aerosol_mass(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1494	aerosol_mass(i)%init = mclim
1495	IF ( include_emission .OR. ( nldepo .AND. nldepo_surf ) ) THEN
1496	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%source(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1497	aerosol_mass(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1498	ENDIF
1499	ENDDO
1500
1501	!
1502	!-- Surface fluxes: answs = aerosol number, amsws = aerosol mass
1503	!
1504	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1505	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1506	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1507	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1508	surf_def_h(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1509	surf_def_h(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1510	ENDDO
1511	!
1512	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1513	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%answs( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1514	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1515	surf_lsm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1516	surf_lsm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1517	!
1518	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1519	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%answs( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1520	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%amsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1521	surf_usm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1522	surf_usm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1523
1524	!
1525	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and westward (l=3) facing
1526	DO l = 0, 3
1527	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1528	surf_def_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1529	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1530	surf_def_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1531
1532	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1533	surf_lsm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1534	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1535	surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1536
1537	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1538	surf_usm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1539	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1540	surf_usm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1541
1542	ENDDO
1543
1544	!
1545	!-- Concentration of gaseous tracers (1. SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV, 5. OCSV)
1546	!-- (number concentration (#/m3) )
1547	!
1548	!-- If chemistry is on, read gas phase concentrations from there. Otherwise,
1549	!-- allocate salsa_gas array.
1550
1551	IF ( air_chemistry ) THEN
1552	DO lsp = 1, nvar
1553	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( chem_species(lsp)%name ) )
1554	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'h2so4' )
1555	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1556	gas_index_chem(1) = lsp
1557	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3' )
1558	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1559	gas_index_chem(2) = lsp
1560	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3' )
1561	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1562	gas_index_chem(3) = lsp
1563	CASE ( 'OCNV', 'ocnv' )
1564	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1565	gas_index_chem(4) = lsp
1566	CASE ( 'OCSV', 'ocsv' )
1567	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1568	gas_index_chem(5) = lsp
1569	END SELECT
1570	ENDDO
1571
1572	IF ( gases_available == ngases_salsa ) THEN
1573	salsa_gases_from_chem = .TRUE.
1574	ELSE
1575	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'SALSA is run together with chemistry but not all gaseous '// &
1576	'components are provided by kpp (H2SO4, HNO3, NH3, OCNV, OCSV)'
1577	CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0599', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1578	ENDIF
1579
1580	ELSE
1581
1582	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(ngases_salsa) )
1583	ALLOCATE( gconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1584	gconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1585	gconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa) )
1586	gconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1587	gconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1588	gconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1589
1590	DO i = 1, ngases_salsa
1591	salsa_gas(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1592	salsa_gas(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1593	salsa_gas(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1594	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1595	salsa_gas(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1596	salsa_gas(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1597	salsa_gas(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1598	salsa_gas(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1599	salsa_gas(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1600	salsa_gas(i)%init = nclim
1601	IF ( include_emission ) THEN
1602	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%source(nys:nys,nxl:nxr) )
1603	salsa_gas(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1604	ENDIF
1605	ENDDO
1606	!
1607	!-- Surface fluxes: gtsws = gaseous tracer flux
1608	!
1609	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1610	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1611	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1612	surf_def_h(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1613	ENDDO
1614	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1615	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1616	surf_lsm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1617	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1618	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1619	surf_usm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1620	!
1621	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and
1622	!-- westward (l=3) facing
1623	DO l = 0, 3
1624	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1625	surf_def_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1626	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1627	surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1628	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1629	surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1630	ENDDO
1631	ENDIF
1632
1633	IF ( ws_scheme_sca ) THEN
1634
1635	IF ( salsa ) THEN
1636	ALLOCATE( sums_salsa_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1637	sums_salsa_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1638	ENDIF
1639
1640	ENDIF
1641	!
1642	!-- Set control flags for decycling only at lateral boundary cores. Within the inner cores the
1643	!-- decycle flag is set to .FALSE.. Even though it does not affect the setting of chemistry boundary
1644	!-- conditions, this flag is used to set advection control flags appropriately.
1645	decycle_salsa_lr = MERGE( decycle_salsa_lr, .FALSE., nxl == 0 .OR. nxr == nx )
1646	decycle_salsa_ns = MERGE( decycle_salsa_ns, .FALSE., nys == 0 .OR. nyn == ny )
1647	!
1648	!-- Decycling can be applied separately for aerosol variables, while wind and other scalars may have
1649	!-- cyclic or nested boundary conditions. However, large gradients near the boundaries may produce
1650	!-- stationary numerical oscillations near the lateral boundaries when a higher-order scheme is
1651	!-- applied near these boundaries. To get rid-off this, set-up additional flags that control the
1652	!-- order of the scalar advection scheme near the lateral boundaries for passive scalars with
1653	!-- decycling.
1654	IF ( scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' ) THEN
1655	ALLOCATE( salsa_advc_flags_s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1656	!
1657	!-- In case of decycling, set Neuman boundary conditions for wall_flags_static_0 bit 31 instead of
1658	!-- cyclic boundary conditions. Bit 31 is used to identify extended degradation zones (please see
1659	!-- the following comment). Note, since several also other modules may access this bit but may
1660	!-- have other boundary conditions, the original value of wall_flags_static_0 bit 31 must not be
1661	!-- modified. Hence, store the boundary conditions directly on salsa_advc_flags_s.
1662	!-- salsa_advc_flags_s will be later overwritten in ws_init_flags_scalar and bit 31 won't be used
1663	!-- to control the numerical order.
1664	!-- Initialize with flag 31 only.
1665	salsa_advc_flags_s = 0
1666	salsa_advc_flags_s = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s, 31 ), 0, BTEST( wall_flags_static_0, 31 ) )
1667
1668	IF ( decycle_salsa_ns ) THEN
1669	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
1670	DO i = 1, nbgp
1671	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys-i,:) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ), &
1672	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ), &
1673	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ) )
1674	ENDDO
1675	ENDIF
1676	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1677	DO i = 1, nbgp
1678	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn+i,:) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ), &
1679	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ), &
1680	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ) )
1681	ENDDO
1682	ENDIF
1683	ENDIF
1684	IF ( decycle_salsa_lr ) THEN
1685	IF ( nxl == 0 ) THEN
1686	DO i = 1, nbgp
1687	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl-i) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ), &
1688	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ), &
1689	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ) )
1690	ENDDO
1691	ENDIF
1692	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1693	DO i = 1, nbgp
1694	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr+i) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ), &
1695	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ), &
1696	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ) )
1697	ENDDO
1698	ENDIF
1699	ENDIF
1700	!
1701	!-- To initialise the advection flags appropriately, pass the boundary flags to
1702	!-- ws_init_flags_scalar. The last argument in ws_init_flags_scalar indicates that a passive
1703	!-- scalar is being treated and the horizontal advection terms are degraded already 2 grid points
1704	!-- before the lateral boundary. Also, extended degradation zones are applied, where
1705	!-- horizontal advection of scalars is discretised by the first-order scheme at all grid points
1706	!-- in the vicinity of buildings (<= 3 grid points). Even though no building is within the
1707	!-- numerical stencil, the first-order scheme is used. At fourth and fifth grid points, the order
1708	!-- of the horizontal advection scheme is successively upgraded.
1709	!-- These degradations of the advection scheme are done to avoid stationary numerical
1710	!-- oscillations, which are responsible for high concentration maxima that may appear e.g. under
1711	!-- shear-free stable conditions.
1712	CALL ws_init_flags_scalar( bc_dirichlet_l .OR. bc_radiation_l .OR. decycle_salsa_lr, &
1713	bc_dirichlet_n .OR. bc_radiation_n .OR. decycle_salsa_ns, &
1714	bc_dirichlet_r .OR. bc_radiation_r .OR. decycle_salsa_lr, &
1715	bc_dirichlet_s .OR. bc_radiation_s .OR. decycle_salsa_ns, &
1716	salsa_advc_flags_s, .TRUE. )
1717	ENDIF
1718
1719
1720	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1721
1722	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1723	! Description:
1724	! ------------
1725	!> Initialization of SALSA. Based on salsa_initialize in UCLALES-SALSA.
1726	!> Subroutines salsa_initialize, SALSAinit and DiagInitAero in UCLALES-SALSA are
1727	!> also merged here.
1728	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1729	SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1730
1731	IMPLICIT NONE
1732
1733	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
1734	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index for aerosol number bins
1735	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index for aerosol mass bins
1736	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index for gases
1737	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
1738
1739	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'salsa_init', 'start' )
1740
1741	bin_low_limits = 0.0_wp
1742	k_topo_top = 0
1743	nsect = 0.0_wp
1744	massacc = 1.0_wp
1745	!
1746	!-- Initialise
1747	IF ( nldepo ) sedim_vd = 0.0_wp
1748
1749	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1750	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
1751	salsa_gas(1)%conc = h2so4_init
1752	salsa_gas(2)%conc = hno3_init
1753	salsa_gas(3)%conc = nh3_init
1754	salsa_gas(4)%conc = ocnv_init
1755	salsa_gas(5)%conc = ocsv_init
1756	ENDIF
1757	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1758	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1759	salsa_gas(ig)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1760	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1761	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1762	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1763	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1764	salsa_gas(ig)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1765	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = salsa_gas(ig)%conc
1766	ENDDO
1767	!
1768	!-- Set initial value for gas compound tracer
1769	salsa_gas(1)%init = h2so4_init
1770	salsa_gas(2)%init = hno3_init
1771	salsa_gas(3)%init = nh3_init
1772	salsa_gas(4)%init = ocnv_init
1773	salsa_gas(5)%init = ocsv_init
1774	ENDIF
1775	!
1776	!-- Aerosol radius in each bin: dry and wet (m)
1777	ra_dry = 1.0E-10_wp
1778	!
1779	!-- Initialise location-dependent aerosol size distributions and chemical compositions:
1780	CALL aerosol_init
1781
1782	!-- Initalisation run of SALSA + calculate the vertical top index of the topography
1783	DO i = nxl, nxr
1784	DO j = nys, nyn
1785
1786	k_topo_top(j,i) = MAXLOC( MERGE( 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_static_0(:,j,i), 12 ) ), DIM = 1 ) - 1
1787
1788	CALL salsa_driver( i, j, 1 )
1789	CALL salsa_diagnostics( i, j )
1790	ENDDO
1791	ENDDO
1792
1793	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
1794	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p = aerosol_number(ib)%conc
1795	aerosol_number(ib)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1796	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1797	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1798	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1799	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1800	aerosol_number(ib)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1801	ENDDO
1802	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1803	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc_p = aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
1804	aerosol_mass(ic)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1805	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1806	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1807	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1808	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1809	aerosol_mass(ic)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1810	ENDDO
1811	!
1812	!
1813	!-- Initialise the deposition scheme and surface types
1814	IF ( nldepo ) CALL init_deposition
1815
1816	IF ( include_emission ) THEN
1817	!
1818	!-- Read in and initialize emissions
1819	CALL salsa_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1820	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem .AND. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) THEN
1821	CALL salsa_gas_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1822	ENDIF
1823	ENDIF
1824	!
1825	!-- Partition and dissolutional growth by gaseous HNO3 and NH3
1826	IF ( index_no > 0 .AND. index_nh > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) lspartition = .TRUE.
1827
1828	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'salsa_init', 'end' )
1829
1830	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1831
1832	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1833	! Description:
1834	! ------------
1835	!> Initializes particle size distribution grid by calculating size bin limits
1836	!> and mid-size for dry particles in each bin. Called from salsa_initialize
1837	!> (only at the beginning of simulation).
1838	!> Size distribution described using:
1839	!> 1) moving center method (subranges 1 and 2)
1840	!> (Jacobson, Atmos. Env., 31, 131-144, 1997)
1841	!> 2) fixed sectional method (subrange 3)
1842	!> Size bins in each subrange are spaced logarithmically
1843	!> based on given subrange size limits and bin number.
1844	!
1845	!> Mona changed 06/2017: Use geometric mean diameter to describe the mean
1846	!> particle diameter in a size bin, not the arithmeric mean which clearly
1847	!> overestimates the total particle volume concentration.
1848	!
1849	!> Coded by:
1850	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
1851	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
1852	!
1853	!> Bug fixes for box model + updated for the new aerosol datatype:
1854	!> Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
1855	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1856	SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1857
1858	IMPLICIT NONE
1859
1860	INTEGER(iwp) :: cc !< running index
1861	INTEGER(iwp) :: dd !< running index
1862
1863	REAL(wp) :: ratio_d !< ratio of the upper and lower diameter of subranges
1864
1865	aero(:)%dwet = 1.0E-10_wp
1866	aero(:)%veqh2o = 1.0E-10_wp
1867	aero(:)%numc = nclim
1868	aero(:)%core = 1.0E-10_wp
1869	DO cc = 1, maxspec+1 ! 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
1870	aero(:)%volc(cc) = 0.0_wp
1871	ENDDO
1872	!
1873	!-- vlolim&vhilim: min & max dry volumes [fxm]
1874	!-- dmid: bin mid dry diameter (m)
1875	!-- vratiolo&vratiohi: volume ratio between the center and low/high limit
1876	!
1877	!-- 1) Size subrange 1:
1878	ratio_d = reglim(2) / reglim(1) ! section spacing (m)
1879	DO cc = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1880	aero(cc)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc-1 ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1881	aero(cc)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1882	aero(cc)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(cc)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1883	( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1884	aero(cc)%vratiohi = aero(cc)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1885	aero(cc)%vratiolo = aero(cc)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1886	ENDDO
1887	!
1888	!-- 2) Size subrange 2:
1889	!-- 2.1) Sub-subrange 2a: high hygroscopicity
1890	ratio_d = reglim(3) / reglim(2) ! section spacing
1891	DO dd = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
1892	cc = dd - start_subrange_2a
1893	aero(dd)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1894	aero(dd)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc+1 ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1895	aero(dd)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(dd)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1896	( aero(dd)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1897	aero(dd)%vratiohi = aero(dd)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1898	aero(dd)%vratiolo = aero(dd)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1899	ENDDO
1900	!
1901	!-- 2.2) Sub-subrange 2b: low hygroscopicity
1902	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
1903	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vlolim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vlolim
1904	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vhilim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vhilim
1905	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%dmid = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%dmid
1906	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiohi = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiohi
1907	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiolo = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiolo
1908	ENDIF
1909	!
1910	!-- Initialize the wet diameter with the bin dry diameter to avoid numerical problems later
1911	aero(:)%dwet = aero(:)%dmid
1912	!
1913	!-- Save bin limits (lower diameter) to be delivered to PALM if needed
1914	DO cc = 1, nbins_aerosol
1915	bin_low_limits(cc) = ( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
1916	ENDDO
1917
1918	END SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1919
1920	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1921	! Description:
1922	! ------------
1923	!> Initilize altitude-dependent aerosol size distributions and compositions.
1924	!>
1925	!> Mona added 06/2017: Correct the number and mass concentrations by normalizing
1926	!< by the given total number and mass concentration.
1927	!>
1928	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
1929	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1930	SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
1931
1932	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
1933	ONLY: check_existence, close_input_file, get_dimension_length, &
1934	get_attribute, get_variable, &
1935	inquire_num_variables, inquire_variable_names, &
1936	open_read_file
1937
1938	IMPLICIT NONE
1939
1940	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !< chemical component name
1941	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !< variable names
1942
1943	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
1944	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index: x-direction
1945	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index: size bins
1946	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index: chemical components
1947	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_dyn !< NetCDF id of PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1948	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index: gases
1949	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index: y-direction
1950	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index: z-direction
1951	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_aero !< level of detail of inital aerosol concentrations
1952	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
1953	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nbins !< number of aerosol size bins in file
1954	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_ncc !< number of aerosol chemical components in file
1955	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nz !< number of vertical grid-points in file
1956	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< running mode of SALSA
1957	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
1958
1959	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_in2mod
1960
1961	LOGICAL :: netcdf_extend = .FALSE. !< Flag: netcdf file exists
1962
1963	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
1964
1965	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: core !< size of the bin mid aerosol particle
1966
1967	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pnf2a !< number fraction in 2a
1968	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pmfoc1a !< mass fraction of OC in 1a
1969
1970	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol) :: pndist !< vertical profile of size dist. (#/m3)
1971	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2a !< mass distributions in subrange 2a
1972	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2b !< mass distributions in subrange 2b
1973
1974	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_dmid !< vertical profile of aerosol bin diameters
1975	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_z !< z levels of profiles
1976
1977	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_a !< mass fraction: a
1978	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_b !< and b
1979
1980	cc_in2mod = 0
1981	prunmode = 1
1982	!
1983	!-- Bin mean aerosol particle volume (m3)
1984	core(1:nbins_aerosol) = api6 * aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid**3
1985	!
1986	!-- Set concentrations to zero
1987	pndist(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1988	pnf2a(:) = nf2a
1989	pmf2a(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1990	pmf2b(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1991	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1992
1993	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 1 ) THEN
1994	!
1995	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1996	#if defined( __netcdf )
1997	!
1998	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1999	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
2000	IF ( netcdf_extend ) THEN
2001	!
2002	!-- Open file in read-only mode
2003	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
2004	!
2005	!-- At first, inquire all variable names
2006	CALL inquire_num_variables( id_dyn, num_vars )
2007	!
2008	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names
2009	ALLOCATE( var_names(1:num_vars) )
2010	CALL inquire_variable_names( id_dyn, var_names )
2011	!
2012	!-- Inquire vertical dimension and number of aerosol chemical components
2013	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
2014	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
2015	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
2016	'the number of numeric grid points.'
2017	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0601', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2018	ENDIF
2019	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_ncc, 'composition_index' )
2020	!
2021	!-- Allocate memory
2022	ALLOCATE( pr_z(1:pr_nz), pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc), &
2023	pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc) )
2024	pr_mass_fracs_a = 0.0_wp
2025	pr_mass_fracs_b = 0.0_wp
2026	!
2027	!-- Read vertical levels
2028	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'z', pr_z )
2029	!
2030	!-- Read the names of chemical components
2031	IF ( check_existence( var_names, 'composition_name' ) ) THEN
2032	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'composition_name', cc_name, pr_ncc )
2033	ELSE
2034	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Missing composition_name in ' // TRIM( input_file_dynamic )
2035	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0655', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2036	ENDIF
2037	!
2038	!-- Define the index of each chemical component in the model
2039	DO ic = 1, pr_ncc
2040	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( cc_name(ic) ) )
2041	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'SO4', 'h2so4', 'so4' )
2042	cc_in2mod(1) = ic
2043	CASE ( 'OC', 'oc' )
2044	cc_in2mod(2) = ic
2045	CASE ( 'BC', 'bc' )
2046	cc_in2mod(3) = ic
2047	CASE ( 'DU', 'du' )
2048	cc_in2mod(4) = ic
2049	CASE ( 'SS', 'ss' )
2050	cc_in2mod(5) = ic
2051	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3', 'NO3', 'no3', 'NO', 'no' )
2052	cc_in2mod(6) = ic
2053	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3', 'NH4', 'nh4', 'NH', 'nh' )
2054	cc_in2mod(7) = ic
2055	END SELECT
2056	ENDDO
2057
2058	IF ( SUM( cc_in2mod ) == 0 ) THEN
2059	message_string = 'None of the aerosol chemical components in ' // TRIM( &
2060	input_file_dynamic ) // ' correspond to ones applied in SALSA.'
2061	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0602', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2062	ENDIF
2063	!
2064	!-- Vertical profiles of mass fractions of different chemical components:
2065	IF ( check_existence( var_names, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a' ) ) THEN
2066	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a', pr_mass_fracs_a, &
2067	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
2068	ELSE
2069	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Missing init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a in ' // &
2070	TRIM( input_file_dynamic )
2071	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0656', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2072	ENDIF
2073	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_b', pr_mass_fracs_b, &
2074	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
2075	!
2076	!-- Match the input data with the chemical composition applied in the model
2077	DO ic = 1, maxspec
2078	ss = cc_in2mod(ic)
2079	IF ( ss == 0 ) CYCLE
2080	pmf2a(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt,ss)
2081	pmf2b(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt,ss)
2082	ENDDO
2083	!
2084	!-- Aerosol concentrations: lod=1 (vertical profile of sectional number size distribution)
2085	CALL get_attribute( id_dyn, 'lod', lod_aero, .FALSE., 'init_atmosphere_aerosol' )
2086	IF ( lod_aero /= 1 ) THEN
2087	message_string = 'Currently only lod=1 accepted for init_atmosphere_aerosol'
2088	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0603', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2089	ELSE
2090	!
2091	!-- Bin mean diameters in the input file
2092	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nbins, 'Dmid')
2093	IF ( pr_nbins /= nbins_aerosol ) THEN
2094	message_string = 'Number of size bins in init_atmosphere_aerosol does not match ' &
2095	// 'with that applied in the model'
2096	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0604', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2097	ENDIF
2098
2099	ALLOCATE( pr_dmid(pr_nbins) )
2100	pr_dmid = 0.0_wp
2101
2102	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'Dmid', pr_dmid )
2103	!
2104	!-- Check whether the sectional representation conform to the one
2105	!-- applied in the model
2106	IF ( ANY( ABS( ( aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid - pr_dmid ) / &
2107	aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid ) > 0.1_wp ) ) THEN
2108	message_string = 'Mean diameters of the aerosol size bins in ' // TRIM( &
2109	input_file_dynamic ) // ' do not match with the sectional '// &
2110	'representation of the model.'
2111	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0605', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2112	ENDIF
2113	!
2114	!-- Inital aerosol concentrations
2115	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_aerosol', pndist(nzb+1:nzt,:), &
2116	0, pr_nbins-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
2117	ENDIF
2118	!
2119	!-- Set bottom and top boundary condition (Neumann)
2120	pmf2a(nzb,:) = pmf2a(nzb+1,:)
2121	pmf2a(nzt+1,:) = pmf2a(nzt,:)
2122	pmf2b(nzb,:) = pmf2b(nzb+1,:)
2123	pmf2b(nzt+1,:) = pmf2b(nzt,:)
2124	pndist(nzb,:) = pndist(nzb+1,:)
2125	pndist(nzt+1,:) = pndist(nzt,:)
2126
2127	IF ( index_so4 < 0 ) THEN
2128	pmf2a(:,1) = 0.0_wp
2129	pmf2b(:,1) = 0.0_wp
2130	ENDIF
2131	IF ( index_oc < 0 ) THEN
2132	pmf2a(:,2) = 0.0_wp
2133	pmf2b(:,2) = 0.0_wp
2134	ENDIF
2135	IF ( index_bc < 0 ) THEN
2136	pmf2a(:,3) = 0.0_wp
2137	pmf2b(:,3) = 0.0_wp
2138	ENDIF
2139	IF ( index_du < 0 ) THEN
2140	pmf2a(:,4) = 0.0_wp
2141	pmf2b(:,4) = 0.0_wp
2142	ENDIF
2143	IF ( index_ss < 0 ) THEN
2144	pmf2a(:,5) = 0.0_wp
2145	pmf2b(:,5) = 0.0_wp
2146	ENDIF
2147	IF ( index_no < 0 ) THEN
2148	pmf2a(:,6) = 0.0_wp
2149	pmf2b(:,6) = 0.0_wp
2150	ENDIF
2151	IF ( index_nh < 0 ) THEN
2152	pmf2a(:,7) = 0.0_wp
2153	pmf2b(:,7) = 0.0_wp
2154	ENDIF
2155
2156	IF ( SUM( pmf2a ) < 0.00001_wp .AND. SUM( pmf2b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
2157	message_string = 'Error in initialising mass fractions of chemical components. ' // &
2158	'Check that all chemical components are included in parameter file!'
2159	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0606', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2160	ENDIF
2161	!
2162	!-- Then normalise the mass fraction so that SUM = 1
2163	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2164	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
2165	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
2166	ENDDO
2167
2168	DEALLOCATE( pr_z, pr_mass_fracs_a, pr_mass_fracs_b )
2169	!
2170	!-- Close input file
2171	CALL close_input_file( id_dyn )
2172
2173	ELSE
2174	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
2175	' for SALSA missing!'
2176	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0607', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2177
2178	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
2179
2180	#else
2181	message_string = 'init_aerosol_type = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used '// &
2182	'in compiling!'
2183	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0608', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2184
2185	#endif
2186
2187	ELSEIF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) THEN
2188	!
2189	!-- Mass fractions for species in a and b-bins
2190	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2191	pmf2a(:,1) = mass_fracs_a(index_so4)
2192	pmf2b(:,1) = mass_fracs_b(index_so4)
2193	ENDIF
2194	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2195	pmf2a(:,2) = mass_fracs_a(index_oc)
2196	pmf2b(:,2) = mass_fracs_b(index_oc)
2197	ENDIF
2198	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2199	pmf2a(:,3) = mass_fracs_a(index_bc)
2200	pmf2b(:,3) = mass_fracs_b(index_bc)
2201	ENDIF
2202	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2203	pmf2a(:,4) = mass_fracs_a(index_du)
2204	pmf2b(:,4) = mass_fracs_b(index_du)
2205	ENDIF
2206	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2207	pmf2a(:,5) = mass_fracs_a(index_ss)
2208	pmf2b(:,5) = mass_fracs_b(index_ss)
2209	ENDIF
2210	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2211	pmf2a(:,6) = mass_fracs_a(index_no)
2212	pmf2b(:,6) = mass_fracs_b(index_no)
2213	ENDIF
2214	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2215	pmf2a(:,7) = mass_fracs_a(index_nh)
2216	pmf2b(:,7) = mass_fracs_b(index_nh)
2217	ENDIF
2218	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2219	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
2220	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
2221	ENDDO
2222
2223	CALL size_distribution( n_lognorm, dpg, sigmag, nsect )
2224	!
2225	!-- Normalize by the given total number concentration
2226	nsect = nsect * SUM( n_lognorm ) / SUM( nsect )
2227	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
2228	pndist(:,ib) = nsect(ib)
2229	ENDDO
2230	ENDIF
2231
2232	IF ( init_gases_type == 1 ) THEN
2233	!
2234	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_CHEM
2235	#if defined( __netcdf )
2236	!
2237	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
2238	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
2239	IF ( netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2240	!
2241	!-- Open file in read-only mode
2242	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
2243	!
2244	!-- Inquire dimensions:
2245	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
2246	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
2247	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
2248	'the number of numeric grid points.'
2249	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0609', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2250	ENDIF
2251	!
2252	!-- Read vertical profiles of gases:
2253	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_H2SO4', salsa_gas(1)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2254	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_HNO3', salsa_gas(2)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2255	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_NH3', salsa_gas(3)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2256	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_OCNV', salsa_gas(4)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2257	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_OCSV', salsa_gas(5)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2258	!
2259	!-- Set Neumann top and surface boundary condition for initial + initialise concentrations
2260	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2261	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb+1)
2262	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt+1) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt)
2263	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2264	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2265	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(k,:,:) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(k)
2266	ENDDO
2267	ENDIF
2268	ENDDO
2269	!
2270	!-- Close input file
2271	CALL close_input_file( id_dyn )
2272
2273	ELSEIF ( .NOT. netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2274	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
2275	' for SALSA missing!'
2276	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0610', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2277
2278	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
2279	#else
2280	message_string = 'init_gases_type = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used in '//&
2281	'compiling!'
2282	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0611', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2283
2284	#endif
2285
2286	ENDIF
2287	!
2288	!-- Both SO4 and OC are included, so use the given mass fractions
2289	IF ( index_oc > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2290	pmfoc1a(:) = pmf2a(:,2) / ( pmf2a(:,2) + pmf2a(:,1) ) ! Normalize
2291	!
2292	!-- Pure organic carbon
2293	ELSEIF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2294	pmfoc1a(:) = 1.0_wp
2295	!
2296	!-- Pure SO4
2297	ELSEIF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2298	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
2299
2300	ELSE
2301	message_string = 'Either OC or SO4 must be active for aerosol region 1a!'
2302	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0612', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2303	ENDIF
2304
2305	!
2306	!-- Initialize concentrations
2307	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2308	DO j = nysg, nyng
2309	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2310	!
2311	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2312	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_static_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2313	!
2314	!-- a) Number concentrations
2315	!-- Region 1:
2316	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
2317	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2318	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = pndist(k,ib) * flag
2319	ENDIF
2320	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2321	aerosol_number(ib)%init = pndist(:,ib)
2322	ENDIF
2323	ENDDO
2324	!
2325	!-- Region 2:
2326	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
2327	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
2328	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2329	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pnf2a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * flag
2330	ENDIF
2331	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2332	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
2333	ENDIF
2334	ENDDO
2335	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2336	DO ib = start_subrange_2b, end_subrange_2b
2337	IF ( pnf2a(k) < 1.0_wp ) THEN
2338	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2339	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2340	pndist(k,ib) * flag
2341	ENDIF
2342	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2343	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
2344	ENDIF
2345	ENDIF
2346	ENDDO
2347	ENDIF
2348	ENDIF
2349	!
2350	!-- b) Aerosol mass concentrations
2351	!-- bin subrange 1: done here separately due to the SO4/OC convention
2352	!
2353	!-- SO4:
2354	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2355	ss = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
2356	ee = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
2357	ib = start_subrange_1a
2358	DO ic = ss, ee
2359	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2360	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * &
2361	pndist(k,ib) * core(ib) * arhoh2so4 * flag
2362	ENDIF
2363	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2364	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) &
2365	* core(ib) * arhoh2so4
2366	ENDIF
2367	ib = ib+1
2368	ENDDO
2369	ENDIF
2370	!
2371	!-- OC:
2372	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2373	ss = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
2374	ee = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
2375	ib = start_subrange_1a
2376	DO ic = ss, ee
2377	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2378	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2379	core(ib) * arhooc * flag
2380	ENDIF
2381	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2382	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2383	core(ib) * arhooc
2384	ENDIF
2385	ib = ib+1
2386	ENDDO
2387	ENDIF
2388	ENDDO !< k
2389
2390	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2391
2392	ENDDO !< j
2393	ENDDO !< i
2394
2395	!
2396	!-- c) Aerosol mass concentrations
2397	!-- bin subrange 2:
2398	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
2399
2400	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2401	CALL set_aero_mass( index_so4, pmf2a(:,1), pmf2b(:,1), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoh2so4 )
2402	ENDIF
2403	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2404	CALL set_aero_mass( index_oc, pmf2a(:,2), pmf2b(:,2), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhooc )
2405	ENDIF
2406	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2407	CALL set_aero_mass( index_bc, pmf2a(:,3), pmf2b(:,3), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhobc )
2408	ENDIF
2409	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2410	CALL set_aero_mass( index_du, pmf2a(:,4), pmf2b(:,4), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhodu )
2411	ENDIF
2412	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2413	CALL set_aero_mass( index_ss, pmf2a(:,5), pmf2b(:,5), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoss )
2414	ENDIF
2415	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2416	CALL set_aero_mass( index_no, pmf2a(:,6), pmf2b(:,6), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhohno3 )
2417	ENDIF
2418	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2419	CALL set_aero_mass( index_nh, pmf2a(:,7), pmf2b(:,7), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhonh3 )
2420	ENDIF
2421
2422	ENDIF
2423
2424	END SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
2425
2426	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2427	! Description:
2428	! ------------
2429	!> Create a lognormal size distribution and discretise to a sectional
2430	!> representation.
2431	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2432	SUBROUTINE size_distribution( in_ntot, in_dpg, in_sigma, psd_sect )
2433
2434	IMPLICIT NONE
2435
2436	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< running index: bin
2437	INTEGER(iwp) :: iteration !< running index: iteration
2438
2439	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2440	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2441	REAL(wp) :: delta_d !< (d2-d1)/10
2442	REAL(wp) :: deltadp !< bin width
2443	REAL(wp) :: dmidi !< ( d1 + d2 ) / 2
2444
2445	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_dpg !< geometric mean diameter (m)
2446	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_ntot !< number conc. (#/m3)
2447	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_sigma !< standard deviation
2448
2449	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: psd_sect !< sectional size distribution
2450
2451	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
2452	psd_sect(ib) = 0.0_wp
2453	!
2454	!-- Particle diameter at the low limit (largest in the bin) (m)
2455	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2456	!
2457	!-- Particle diameter at the high limit (smallest in the bin) (m)
2458	d2 = ( aero(ib)%vhilim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2459	!
2460	!-- Span of particle diameter in a bin (m)
2461	delta_d = 0.1_wp * ( d2 - d1 )
2462	!
2463	!-- Iterate:
2464	DO iteration = 1, 10
2465	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp + ( ib - 1) delta_d
2466	d2 = d1 + delta_d
2467	dmidi = 0.5_wp * ( d1 + d2 )
2468	deltadp = LOG10( d2 / d1 )
2469	!
2470	!-- Size distribution
2471	!-- in_ntot = total number, total area, or total volume concentration
2472	!-- in_dpg = geometric-mean number, area, or volume diameter
2473	!-- n(k) = number, area, or volume concentration in a bin
2474	psd_sect(ib) = psd_sect(ib) + SUM( in_ntot * deltadp / ( SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) * &
2475	LOG10( in_sigma ) ) * EXP( -LOG10( dmidi / in_dpg )**2.0_wp / &
2476	( 2.0_wp * LOG10( in_sigma ) ** 2.0_wp ) ) )
2477
2478	ENDDO
2479	ENDDO
2480
2481	END SUBROUTINE size_distribution
2482
2483	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2484	! Description:
2485	! ------------
2486	!> Sets the mass concentrations to aerosol arrays in 2a and 2b.
2487	!>
2488	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
2489	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2490	SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass( ispec, pmf2a, pmf2b, pnf2a, pndist, pcore, prho )
2491
2492	IMPLICIT NONE
2493
2494	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
2495	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
2496	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2497	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2498	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index
2499	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2500	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< 1 = initialise
2501	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
2502
2503	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: ispec !< Aerosol species index
2504
2505	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2506
2507	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prho !< Aerosol density
2508
2509	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pcore !< Aerosol bin mid core volume
2510	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pnf2a !< Number fraction for 2a
2511	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2a !< Mass distributions for a
2512	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2b !< and b bins
2513
2514	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pndist !< Aerosol size distribution
2515
2516	prunmode = 1
2517
2518	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2519	DO j = nysg, nyng
2520	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2521	!
2522	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2523	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_static_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2524	!
2525	!-- Regime 2a:
2526	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2a
2527	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2a
2528	ib = start_subrange_2a
2529	DO ic = ss, ee
2530	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2531	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib)&
2532	* pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2533	ENDIF
2534	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2535	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2536	pcore(ib) * prho
2537	ENDIF
2538	ib = ib + 1
2539	ENDDO
2540	!
2541	!-- Regime 2b:
2542	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2543	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2b
2544	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2b
2545	ib = start_subrange_2a
2546	DO ic = ss, ee
2547	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2548	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k))&
2549	* pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2550	ENDIF
2551	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2552	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2553	pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho
2554	ENDIF
2555	ib = ib + 1
2556	ENDDO ! c
2557
2558	ENDIF
2559	ENDDO ! k
2560
2561	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2562
2563	ENDDO ! j
2564	ENDDO ! i
2565
2566	END SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass
2567
2568	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2569	! Description:
2570	! ------------
2571	!> Initialise the matching between surface types in LSM and deposition models.
2572	!> Do the matching based on Zhang et al. (2001). Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560
2573	!> (here referred as Z01).
2574	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2575	SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2576
2577	USE surface_mod, &
2578	ONLY: surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2579
2580	IMPLICIT NONE
2581
2582	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for vertical surfaces
2583
2584	LOGICAL :: match_lsm !< flag to initilise LSM surfaces (if false, initialise USM surfaces)
2585
2586	IF ( depo_pcm_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
2587	depo_pcm_par_num = 1
2588	ELSEIF ( depo_pcm_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
2589	depo_pcm_par_num = 2
2590	ENDIF
2591
2592	IF ( depo_surf_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
2593	depo_surf_par_num = 1
2594	ELSEIF ( depo_surf_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
2595	depo_surf_par_num = 2
2596	ENDIF
2597	!
2598	!-- LSM: Pavement, vegetation and water
2599	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. land_surface ) THEN
2600	match_lsm = .TRUE.
2601	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg(1:surf_lsm_h%ns), &
2602	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw(1:surf_lsm_h%ns), &
2603	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww(1:surf_lsm_h%ns) )
2604	lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg = 0
2605	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw = 0
2606	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww = 0
2607	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_lsm_h, lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg, lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw, &
2608	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww, match_lsm )
2609	DO l = 0, 3
2610	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns), &
2611	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns), &
2612	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2613	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg = 0
2614	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw = 0
2615	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww = 0
2616	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_lsm_v(l), lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg, &
2617	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw, lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww, match_lsm )
2618	ENDDO
2619	ENDIF
2620	!
2621	!-- USM: Green roofs/walls, wall surfaces and windows
2622	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. urban_surface ) THEN
2623	match_lsm = .FALSE.
2624	ALLOCATE( usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg(1:surf_usm_h%ns), &
2625	usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw(1:surf_usm_h%ns), &
2626	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww(1:surf_usm_h%ns) )
2627	usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg = 0
2628	usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw = 0
2629	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww = 0
2630	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_usm_h, usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg, usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw, &
2631	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww, match_lsm )
2632	DO l = 0, 3
2633	ALLOCATE( usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns), &
2634	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns), &
2635	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns) )
2636	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg = 0
2637	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw = 0
2638	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww = 0
2639	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_usm_v(l), usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg, &
2640	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw, usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww, match_lsm )
2641	ENDDO
2642	ENDIF
2643
2644	IF ( nldepo_pcm ) THEN
2645	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_type )
2646	CASE ( 'evergreen_needleleaf' )
2647	depo_pcm_type_num = 1
2648	CASE ( 'evergreen_broadleaf' )
2649	depo_pcm_type_num = 2
2650	CASE ( 'deciduous_needleleaf' )
2651	depo_pcm_type_num = 3
2652	CASE ( 'deciduous_broadleaf' )
2653	depo_pcm_type_num = 4
2654	CASE DEFAULT
2655	message_string = 'depo_pcm_type not set correctly.'
2656	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_deposition', 'PA0613', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2657	END SELECT
2658	ENDIF
2659
2660	END SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2661
2662	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2663	! Description:
2664	! ------------
2665	!> Match the surface types in PALM and Zhang et al. 2001 deposition module
2666	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2667	SUBROUTINE match_sm_zhang( surf, match_pav_green, match_veg_wall, match_wat_win, match_lsm )
2668
2669	USE surface_mod, &
2670	ONLY: ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_type
2671
2672	IMPLICIT NONE
2673
2674	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< index for surface elements
2675	INTEGER(iwp) :: pav_type_palm !< pavement / green wall type in PALM
2676	INTEGER(iwp) :: veg_type_palm !< vegetation / wall type in PALM
2677	INTEGER(iwp) :: wat_type_palm !< water / window type in PALM
2678
2679	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_pav_green !< matching pavement/green walls
2680	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_veg_wall !< matching vegetation/walls
2681	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_wat_win !< matching water/windows
2682
2683	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: match_lsm !< flag to initilise LSM surfaces (if false, initialise USM)
2684
2685	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(in) :: surf !< respective surface type
2686
2687	DO m = 1, surf%ns
2688	IF ( match_lsm ) THEN
2689	!
2690	!-- Vegetation (LSM):
2691	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2692	veg_type_palm = surf%vegetation_type(m)
2693	SELECT CASE ( veg_type_palm )
2694	CASE ( 0 )
2695	message_string = 'No vegetation type defined.'
2696	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_depo_surfaces', 'PA0614', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2697	CASE ( 1 ) ! bare soil
2698	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2699	CASE ( 2 ) ! crops, mixed farming
2700	match_veg_wall(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2701	CASE ( 3 ) ! short grass
2702	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2703	CASE ( 4 ) ! evergreen needleleaf trees
2704	match_veg_wall(m) = 1 ! evergreen needleleaf trees in Z01
2705	CASE ( 5 ) ! deciduous needleleaf trees
2706	match_veg_wall(m) = 3 ! deciduous needleleaf trees in Z01
2707	CASE ( 6 ) ! evergreen broadleaf trees
2708	match_veg_wall(m) = 2 ! evergreen broadleaf trees in Z01
2709	CASE ( 7 ) ! deciduous broadleaf trees
2710	match_veg_wall(m) = 4 ! deciduous broadleaf trees in Z01
2711	CASE ( 8 ) ! tall grass
2712	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2713	CASE ( 9 ) ! desert
2714	match_veg_wall(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2715	CASE ( 10 ) ! tundra
2716	match_veg_wall(m) = 9 ! tundra in Z01
2717	CASE ( 11 ) ! irrigated crops
2718	match_veg_wall(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2719	CASE ( 12 ) ! semidesert
2720	match_veg_wall(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2721	CASE ( 13 ) ! ice caps and glaciers
2722	match_veg_wall(m) = 12 ! ice cap and glacier in Z01
2723	CASE ( 14 ) ! bogs and marshes
2724	match_veg_wall(m) = 11 ! wetland with plants in Z01
2725	CASE ( 15 ) ! evergreen shrubs
2726	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2727	CASE ( 16 ) ! deciduous shrubs
2728	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2729	CASE ( 17 ) ! mixed forest/woodland
2730	match_veg_wall(m) = 5 ! mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees in Z01
2731	CASE ( 18 ) ! interrupted forest
2732	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2733	END SELECT
2734	ENDIF
2735	!
2736	!-- Pavement (LSM):
2737	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2738	pav_type_palm = surf%pavement_type(m)
2739	IF ( pav_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2740	message_string = 'No pavement type defined.'
2741	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_sm_zhang', 'PA0615', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2742	ELSE
2743	match_pav_green(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2744	ENDIF
2745	ENDIF
2746	!
2747	!-- Water (LSM):
2748	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2749	wat_type_palm = surf%water_type(m)
2750	IF ( wat_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2751	message_string = 'No water type defined.'
2752	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_sm_zhang', 'PA0616', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2753	ELSEIF ( wat_type_palm == 3 ) THEN
2754	match_wat_win(m) = 14 ! ocean in Z01
2755	ELSEIF ( wat_type_palm == 1 .OR. wat_type_palm == 2 .OR. wat_type_palm == 4 &
2756	.OR. wat_type_palm == 5 ) THEN
2757	match_wat_win(m) = 13 ! inland water in Z01
2758	ENDIF
2759	ENDIF
2760	ELSE
2761	!
2762	!-- Wall surfaces (USM):
2763	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2764	match_veg_wall(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2765	ENDIF
2766	!
2767	!-- Green walls and roofs (USM):
2768	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2769	match_pav_green(m) = 6 ! (short) grass in Z01
2770	ENDIF
2771	!
2772	!-- Windows (USM):
2773	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2774	match_wat_win(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2775	ENDIF
2776	ENDIF
2777
2778	ENDDO
2779
2780	END SUBROUTINE match_sm_zhang
2781
2782	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2783	! Description:
2784	! ------------
2785	!> Swapping of timelevels
2786	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2787	SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel( mod_count )
2788
2789	IMPLICIT NONE
2790
2791	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2792	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2793	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !<
2794	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2795
2796	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: mod_count !<
2797
2798	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= skip_time_do_salsa ) THEN
2799
2800	SELECT CASE ( mod_count )
2801
2802	CASE ( 0 )
2803
2804	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2805	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2806	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2807
2808	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2809	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2810	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2811	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2812	ENDDO
2813	ENDDO
2814
2815	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2816	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2817	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2818	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2819	ENDDO
2820	ENDIF
2821
2822	CASE ( 1 )
2823
2824	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2825	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2826	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2827	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2828	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2829	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2830	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2831	ENDDO
2832	ENDDO
2833
2834	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2835	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2836	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2837	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2838	ENDDO
2839	ENDIF
2840
2841	END SELECT
2842
2843	ENDIF
2844
2845	END SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel
2846
2847
2848	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2849	! Description:
2850	! ------------
2851	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
2852	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2853	SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local( k, nxlf, nxlc, nxl_on_file, nxrf, nxrc, nxr_on_file, nynf, nync, &
2854	nyn_on_file, nysf, nysc, nys_on_file, tmp_3d, found )
2855
2856	USE control_parameters, &
2857	ONLY: length, restart_string
2858
2859	IMPLICIT NONE
2860
2861	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2862	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2863	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2864	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
2865	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlc !<
2866	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlf !<
2867	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_on_file !<
2868	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrc !<
2869	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrf !<
2870	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_on_file !<
2871	INTEGER(iwp) :: nync !<
2872	INTEGER(iwp) :: nynf !<
2873	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_on_file !<
2874	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysc !<
2875	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysf !<
2876	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_on_file !<
2877
2878	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
2879
2880	REAL(wp), &
2881	DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp,nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_3d !<
2882
2883	found = .FALSE.
2884
2885	IF ( read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2886
2887	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
2888
2889	CASE ( 'aerosol_number' )
2890	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2891	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2892	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2893	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2894	found = .TRUE.
2895	ENDDO
2896
2897	CASE ( 'aerosol_mass' )
2898	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass * nbins_aerosol
2899	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2900	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2901	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2902	found = .TRUE.
2903	ENDDO
2904
2905	CASE ( 'salsa_gas' )
2906	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2907	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2908	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2909	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2910	found = .TRUE.
2911	ENDDO
2912
2913	CASE DEFAULT
2914	found = .FALSE.
2915
2916	END SELECT
2917	ENDIF
2918
2919	END SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local
2920
2921	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2922	! Description:
2923	! ------------
2924	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
2925	!> Note that the following input variables in PARIN have to be equal between
2926	!> restart runs:
2927	!> listspec, nbin, nbin2, nf2a, ncc, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
2928	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2929	SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2930
2931	USE control_parameters, &
2932	ONLY: write_binary
2933
2934	IMPLICIT NONE
2935
2936	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2937	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2938	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2939
2940	IF ( write_binary .AND. write_binary_salsa ) THEN
2941
2942	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_number' )
2943	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2944	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_number(ib)%conc
2945	ENDDO
2946
2947	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_mass' )
2948	DO ic = 1, nbins_aerosol * ncomponents_mass
2949	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
2950	ENDDO
2951
2952	CALL wrd_write_string( 'salsa_gas' )
2953	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2954	WRITE ( 14 ) salsa_gas(ig)%conc
2955	ENDDO
2956
2957	ENDIF
2958
2959	END SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2960
2961	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2962	! Description:
2963	! ------------
2964	!> Performs necessary unit and dimension conversion between the host model and
2965	!> SALSA module, and calls the main SALSA routine.
2966	!> Partially adobted form the original SALSA boxmodel version.
2967	!> Now takes masses in as kg/kg from LES!! Converted to m3/m3 for SALSA
2968	!> 05/2016 Juha: This routine is still pretty much in its original shape.
2969	!> It's dumb as a mule and twice as ugly, so implementation of
2970	!> an improved solution is necessary sooner or later.
2971	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
2972	!> Jaakko Ahola, FMI, 2016
2973	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
2974	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2975	SUBROUTINE salsa_driver( i, j, prunmode )
2976
2977	USE arrays_3d, &
2978	ONLY: pt_p, q_p, u, v, w
2979
2980	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
2981	ONLY: lad_s
2982
2983	USE surface_mod, &
2984	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2985
2986	IMPLICIT NONE
2987
2988	INTEGER(iwp) :: endi !< end index
2989	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2990	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2991	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index
2992	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_wall !< vertical index of topography top
2993	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2994	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index
2995	INTEGER(iwp) :: nc_h2o !< index of H2O in the prtcl index table
2996	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< loop index
2997	INTEGER(iwp) :: str !< start index
2998	INTEGER(iwp) :: vc !< default index in prtcl
2999
3000	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
3001	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
3002	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode !< 1: Initialization, 2: Spinup, 3: Regular runtime
3003
3004	REAL(wp) :: cw_old !< previous H2O mixing ratio
3005	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
3006	REAL(wp) :: in_lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3007	REAL(wp) :: in_rh !< relative humidity
3008	REAL(wp) :: zgso4 !< SO4
3009	REAL(wp) :: zghno3 !< HNO3
3010	REAL(wp) :: zgnh3 !< NH3
3011	REAL(wp) :: zgocnv !< non-volatile OC
3012	REAL(wp) :: zgocsv !< semi-volatile OC
3013
3014	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_adn !< air density (kg/m3)
3015	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cs !< H2O sat. vapour conc.
3016	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cw !< H2O vapour concentration
3017	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_p !< pressure (Pa)
3018	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_t !< temperature (K)
3019	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_u !< wind magnitude (m/s)
3020	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air(m2/s)
3021	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: ppm_to_nconc !< Conversion factor from ppm to #/m3
3022
3023	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3024	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: vd !< particle fall seed (m/s)
3025
3026	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: lo_aero !< additional variable for OpenMP
3027	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: aero_old !< helper array
3028
3029	aero_old(:)%numc = 0.0_wp
3030	in_lad = 0.0_wp
3031	in_u = 0.0_wp
3032	kvis = 0.0_wp
3033	lo_aero = aero
3034	schmidt_num = 0.0_wp
3035	vd = 0.0_wp
3036	zgso4 = nclim
3037	zghno3 = nclim
3038	zgnh3 = nclim
3039	zgocnv = nclim
3040	zgocsv = nclim
3041	!
3042	!-- Aerosol number is always set, but mass can be uninitialized
3043	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3044	lo_aero(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
3045	aero_old(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
3046	ENDDO
3047	!
3048	!-- Set the salsa runtime config (How to make this more efficient?)
3049	CALL set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
3050	!
3051	!-- Calculate thermodynamic quantities needed in SALSA
3052	CALL salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij=in_p, temp_ij=in_t, cw_ij=in_cw, cs_ij=in_cs, adn_ij=in_adn )
3053	!
3054	!-- Magnitude of wind: needed for deposition
3055	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
3056	in_u(nzb+1:nzt) = SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i+1) ) )**2 + &
3057	( 0.5_wp * ( v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j+1,i) ) )**2 + &
3058	( 0.5_wp * ( w(nzb:nzt-1,j,i) + w(nzb+1:nzt,j, i) ) )**2 )
3059	ENDIF
3060	!
3061	!-- Calculate conversion factors for gas concentrations
3062	ppm_to_nconc(:) = for_ppm_to_nconc * in_p(:) / in_t(:)
3063	!
3064	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
3065	k_wall = k_topo_top(j,i)
3066
3067	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
3068	!
3069	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
3070	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_static_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
3071	!
3072	!-- Wind velocity for dry depositon on vegetation
3073	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy ) THEN
3074	in_lad = lad_s( MAX( k-k_wall,0 ),j,i)
3075	ENDIF
3076	!
3077	!-- For initialization and spinup, limit the RH with the parameter rhlim
3078	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
3079	in_cw(k) = MIN( in_cw(k), in_cs(k) * rhlim )
3080	ELSE
3081	in_cw(k) = in_cw(k)
3082	ENDIF
3083	cw_old = in_cw(k) !* in_adn(k)
3084	!
3085	!-- Set volume concentrations:
3086	!-- Sulphate (SO4) or sulphuric acid H2SO4
3087	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
3088	vc = 1
3089	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 ! start index
3090	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol ! end index
3091	ic = 1
3092	DO ss = str, endi
3093	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2so4
3094	ic = ic+1
3095	ENDDO
3096	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3097	ENDIF
3098	!
3099	!-- Organic carbon (OC) compounds
3100	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
3101	vc = 2
3102	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3103	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
3104	ic = 1
3105	DO ss = str, endi
3106	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhooc
3107	ic = ic+1
3108	ENDDO
3109	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3110	ENDIF
3111	!
3112	!-- Black carbon (BC)
3113	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
3114	vc = 3
3115	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3116	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
3117	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3118	DO ss = str, endi
3119	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhobc
3120	ic = ic+1
3121	ENDDO
3122	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3123	ENDIF
3124	!
3125	!-- Dust (DU)
3126	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
3127	vc = 4
3128	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3129	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
3130	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3131	DO ss = str, endi
3132	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhodu
3133	ic = ic+1
3134	ENDDO
3135	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3136	ENDIF
3137	!
3138	!-- Sea salt (SS)
3139	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
3140	vc = 5
3141	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3142	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
3143	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3144	DO ss = str, endi
3145	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoss
3146	ic = ic+1
3147	ENDDO
3148	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3149	ENDIF
3150	!
3151	!-- Nitrate (NO(3-)) or nitric acid HNO3
3152	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
3153	vc = 6
3154	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3155	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
3156	ic = 1
3157	DO ss = str, endi
3158	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhohno3
3159	ic = ic+1
3160	ENDDO
3161	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3162	ENDIF
3163	!
3164	!-- Ammonium (NH(4+)) or ammonia NH3
3165	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
3166	vc = 7
3167	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3168	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
3169	ic = 1
3170	DO ss = str, endi
3171	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhonh3
3172	ic = ic+1
3173	ENDDO
3174	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3175	ENDIF
3176	!
3177	!-- Water (always used)
3178	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3179	vc = 8
3180	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3181	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3182	ic = 1
3183	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
3184	DO ss = str, endi
3185	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2o
3186	ic = ic+1
3187	ENDDO
3188	ELSE
3189	lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = mclim
3190	ENDIF
3191	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3192	!
3193	!-- Number concentrations (numc) and particle sizes
3194	!-- (dwet = wet diameter, core = dry volume)
3195	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3196	lo_aero(ib)%numc = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i)
3197	aero_old(ib)%numc = lo_aero(ib)%numc
3198	IF ( lo_aero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3199	lo_aero(ib)%dwet = ( SUM( lo_aero(ib)%volc(:) ) / lo_aero(ib)%numc / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3200	lo_aero(ib)%core = SUM( lo_aero(ib)%volc(1:7) ) / lo_aero(ib)%numc
3201	ELSE
3202	lo_aero(ib)%dwet = lo_aero(ib)%dmid
3203	lo_aero(ib)%core = api6 * ( lo_aero(ib)%dwet )**3
3204	ENDIF
3205	ENDDO
3206	!
3207	!-- Calculate the ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of particles with
3208	!-- water using the ZSR method.
3209	in_rh = in_cw(k) / in_cs(k)
3210	IF ( prunmode==1 .OR. .NOT. advect_particle_water ) THEN
3211	CALL equilibration( in_rh, in_t(k), lo_aero, .TRUE. )
3212	ENDIF
3213	!
3214	!-- Gaseous tracer concentrations in #/m3
3215	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
3216	!
3217	!-- Convert concentrations in ppm to #/m3
3218	zgso4 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(1))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3219	zghno3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(2))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3220	zgnh3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(3))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3221	zgocnv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(4))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3222	zgocsv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(5))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3223	ELSE
3224	zgso4 = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i)
3225	zghno3 = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i)
3226	zgnh3 = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i)
3227	zgocnv = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i)
3228	zgocsv = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i)
3229	ENDIF
3230	!
3231	!-- Calculate aerosol processes:
3232	!-- *********************************************************************************************
3233	!
3234	!-- Coagulation
3235	IF ( lscoag ) THEN
3236	CALL coagulation( lo_aero, dt_salsa, in_t(k), in_p(k) )
3237	ENDIF
3238	!
3239	!-- Condensation
3240	IF ( lscnd ) THEN
3241	CALL condensation( lo_aero, zgso4, zgocnv, zgocsv, zghno3, zgnh3, in_cw(k), in_cs(k), &
3242	in_t(k), in_p(k), dt_salsa, prtcl )
3243	ENDIF
3244	!
3245	!-- Deposition
3246	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
3247	CALL deposition( lo_aero, in_t(k), in_adn(k), in_u(k), in_lad, kvis(k), schmidt_num(k,:),&
3248	vd(k,:) )
3249	ENDIF
3250	!
3251	!-- Size distribution bin update
3252	IF ( lsdistupdate ) THEN
3253	CALL distr_update( lo_aero )
3254	ENDIF
3255	!-- *********************************************************************************************
3256
3257	IF ( lsdepo ) sedim_vd(k,j,i,:) = vd(k,:)
3258	!
3259	!-- Calculate changes in concentrations
3260	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3261	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ib)%numc - &
3262	aero_old(ib)%numc ) * flag
3263	ENDDO
3264
3265	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
3266	vc = 1
3267	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3268	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol
3269	ic = 1
3270	DO ss = str, endi
3271	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3272	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2so4 * flag
3273	ic = ic+1
3274	ENDDO
3275	ENDIF
3276
3277	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
3278	vc = 2
3279	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3280	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
3281	ic = 1
3282	DO ss = str, endi
3283	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3284	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhooc * flag
3285	ic = ic+1
3286	ENDDO
3287	ENDIF
3288
3289	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
3290	vc = 3
3291	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3292	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
3293	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3294	DO ss = str, endi
3295	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3296	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhobc * flag
3297	ic = ic+1
3298	ENDDO
3299	ENDIF
3300
3301	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
3302	vc = 4
3303	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3304	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
3305	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3306	DO ss = str, endi
3307	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3308	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhodu * flag
3309	ic = ic+1
3310	ENDDO
3311	ENDIF
3312
3313	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
3314	vc = 5
3315	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3316	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
3317	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3318	DO ss = str, endi
3319	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3320	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoss * flag
3321	ic = ic+1
3322	ENDDO
3323	ENDIF
3324
3325	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
3326	vc = 6
3327	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3328	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
3329	ic = 1
3330	DO ss = str, endi
3331	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3332	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhohno3 * flag
3333	ic = ic+1
3334	ENDDO
3335	ENDIF
3336
3337	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
3338	vc = 7
3339	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3340	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
3341	ic = 1
3342	DO ss = str, endi
3343	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3344	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhonh3 * flag
3345	ic = ic+1
3346	ENDDO
3347	ENDIF
3348
3349	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
3350	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3351	vc = 8
3352	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3353	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3354	ic = 1
3355	DO ss = str, endi
3356	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3357	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o * flag
3358	ic = ic+1
3359	ENDDO
3360	ENDIF
3361	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
3362	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3363	vc = 8
3364	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3365	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3366	ic = 1
3367	DO ss = str, endi
3368	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k) = MAX( aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k), ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
3369	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o )
3370	IF ( k == nzb+1 ) THEN
3371	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k-1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3372	ELSEIF ( k == nzt ) THEN
3373	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k+1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3374	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k+1,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3375	ENDIF
3376	ic = ic+1
3377	ENDDO
3378	ENDIF
3379	!
3380	!-- Condensation of precursor gases
3381	IF ( lscndgas ) THEN
3382	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
3383	!
3384	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
3385	ig = gas_index_chem(1)
3386	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 / &
3387	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3388	!
3389	!-- HNO3
3390	ig = gas_index_chem(2)
3391	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 / &
3392	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3393	!
3394	!-- NH3
3395	ig = gas_index_chem(3)
3396	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 / &
3397	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3398	!
3399	!-- non-volatile OC
3400	ig = gas_index_chem(4)
3401	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv / &
3402	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3403	!
3404	!-- semi-volatile OC
3405	ig = gas_index_chem(5)
3406	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv / &
3407	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3408
3409	ELSE
3410	!
3411	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
3412	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 - &
3413	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3414	!
3415	!-- HNO3
3416	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 - &
3417	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3418	!
3419	!-- NH3
3420	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 - &
3421	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3422	!
3423	!-- non-volatile OC
3424	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv - &
3425	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3426	!
3427	!-- semi-volatile OC
3428	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv - &
3429	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3430	ENDIF
3431	ENDIF
3432	!
3433	!-- Tendency of water vapour mixing ratio is obtained from the change in RH during SALSA run.
3434	!-- This releases heat and changes pt. Assumes no temperature change during SALSA run.
3435	!-- q = r / (1+r), Euler method for integration
3436	!
3437	IF ( feedback_to_palm ) THEN
3438	q_p(k,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i) + 1.0_wp / ( in_cw(k) * in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 &
3439	( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) * flag
3440	pt_p(k,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i) + alv / c_p * ( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) / ( in_cw(k) / &
3441	in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 pt_p(k,j,i) / in_t(k) * flag
3442	ENDIF
3443
3444	ENDDO ! k
3445
3446	!
3447	!-- Set surfaces and wall fluxes due to deposition
3448	IF ( lsdepo .AND. lsdepo_surf .AND. prunmode == 3 ) THEN
3449	IF ( .NOT. land_surface .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN
3450	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_h(0), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
3451	DO l = 0, 3
3452	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE. )
3453	ENDDO
3454	ELSE
3455	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE., usm_to_depo_h )
3456	DO l = 0, 3
3457	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., &
3458	usm_to_depo_v(l) )
3459	ENDDO
3460	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE., lsm_to_depo_h )
3461	DO l = 0, 3
3462	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., &
3463	lsm_to_depo_v(l) )
3464	ENDDO
3465	ENDIF
3466	ENDIF
3467
3468	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
3469	!$OMP MASTER
3470	aero = lo_aero
3471	!$OMP END MASTER
3472	END IF
3473
3474	END SUBROUTINE salsa_driver
3475
3476	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3477	! Description:
3478	! ------------
3479	!> Set logical switches according to the salsa_parameters options.
3480	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
3481	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
3482	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3483	SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
3484
3485	IMPLICIT NONE
3486
3487	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode
3488
3489	SELECT CASE(prunmode)
3490
3491	CASE(1) !< Initialization
3492	lscoag = .FALSE.
3493	lscnd = .FALSE.
3494	lscndgas = .FALSE.
3495	lscndh2oae = .FALSE.
3496	lsdepo = .FALSE.
3497	lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE.
3498	lsdepo_surf = .FALSE.
3499	lsdistupdate = .TRUE.
3500	lspartition = .FALSE.
3501
3502	CASE(2) !< Spinup period
3503	lscoag = ( .FALSE. .AND. nlcoag )
3504	lscnd = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcnd )
3505	lscndgas = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndgas )
3506	lscndh2oae = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndh2oae )
3507
3508	CASE(3) !< Run
3509	lscoag = nlcoag
3510	lscnd = nlcnd
3511	lscndgas = nlcndgas
3512	lscndh2oae = nlcndh2oae
3513	lsdepo = nldepo
3514	lsdepo_pcm = nldepo_pcm
3515	lsdepo_surf = nldepo_surf
3516	lsdistupdate = nldistupdate
3517	END SELECT
3518
3519
3520	END SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime
3521
3522	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3523	! Description:
3524	! ------------
3525	!> Calculates the absolute temperature (using hydrostatic pressure), saturation
3526	!> vapour pressure and mixing ratio over water, relative humidity and air
3527	!> density needed in the SALSA model.
3528	!> NOTE, no saturation adjustment takes place -> the resulting water vapour
3529	!> mixing ratio can be supersaturated, allowing the microphysical calculations
3530	!> in SALSA.
3531	!
3532	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014 (original SALSAthrm)
3533	!> Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017 (adjustment for PALM and only aerosol processes)
3534	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3535	SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij, temp_ij, cw_ij, cs_ij, adn_ij )
3536
3537	USE arrays_3d, &
3538	ONLY: pt, q, zu
3539
3540	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
3541	ONLY: barometric_formula, exner_function, ideal_gas_law_rho, magnus
3542
3543	IMPLICIT NONE
3544
3545	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !<
3546	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !<
3547
3548	REAL(wp) :: t_surface !< absolute surface temperature (K)
3549
3550	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: e_s !< saturation vapour pressure over water (Pa)
3551
3552	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: adn_ij !< air density (kg/m3)
3553	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: p_ij !< air pressure (Pa)
3554	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: temp_ij !< air temperature (K)
3555
3556	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cw_ij !< water vapour concentration (kg/m3)
3557	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cs_ij !< saturation water vap. conc.(kg/m3)
3558	!
3559	!-- Pressure p_ijk (Pa) = hydrostatic pressure
3560	t_surface = pt_surface * exner_function( surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3561	p_ij(:) = barometric_formula( zu, t_surface, surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3562	!
3563	!-- Absolute ambient temperature (K)
3564	temp_ij(:) = pt(:,j,i) * exner_function( p_ij(:) )
3565	!
3566	!-- Air density
3567	adn_ij(:) = ideal_gas_law_rho( p_ij(:), temp_ij(:) )
3568	!
3569	!-- Water vapour concentration r_v (kg/m3)
3570	IF ( PRESENT( cw_ij ) ) THEN
3571	cw_ij(:) = ( q(:,j,i) / ( 1.0_wp - q(:,j,i) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3572	ENDIF
3573	!
3574	!-- Saturation mixing ratio r_s (kg/kg) from vapour pressure at temp (Pa)
3575	IF ( PRESENT( cs_ij ) ) THEN
3576	e_s(:) = 611.0_wp * EXP( alv_d_rv * ( 3.6609E-3_wp - 1.0_wp / &
3577	temp_ij(:) ) )! magnus( temp_ij(:) )
3578	cs_ij(:) = ( 0.622_wp * e_s / ( p_ij(:) - e_s(:) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3579	ENDIF
3580
3581	END SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij
3582
3583	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3584	! Description:
3585	! ------------
3586	!> Calculates ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of
3587	!> particles with water using the ZSR method (Stokes and Robinson, 1966).
3588	!> Method:
3589	!> Following chemical components are assumed water-soluble
3590	!> - (ammonium) sulphate (100%)
3591	!> - sea salt (100 %)
3592	!> - organic carbon (epsoc * 100%)
3593	!> Exact thermodynamic considerations neglected.
3594	!> - If particles contain no sea salt, calculation according to sulphate
3595	!> properties
3596	!> - If contain sea salt but no sulphate, calculation according to sea salt
3597	!> properties
3598	!> - If contain both sulphate and sea salt -> the molar fraction of these
3599	!> compounds determines which one of them is used as the basis of calculation.
3600	!> If sulphate and sea salt coexist in a particle, it is assumed that the Cl is
3601	!> replaced by sulphate; thus only either sulphate + organics or sea salt +
3602	!> organics is included in the calculation of soluble fraction.
3603	!> Molality parameterizations taken from Table 1 of Tang: Thermodynamic and
3604	!> optical properties of mixed-salt aerosols of atmospheric importance,
3605	!> J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D2), 1883-1893 (1997)
3606	!
3607	!> Coded by:
3608	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
3609	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
3610	!> Matti Niskanen(FMI) 2012
3611	!> Anton Laakso (FMI) 2013
3612	!> Modified for the new aerosol datatype, Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
3613	!
3614	!> fxm: should sea salt form a solid particle when prh is very low (even though
3615	!> it could be mixed with e.g. sulphate)?
3616	!> fxm: crashes if no sulphate or sea salt
3617	!> fxm: do we really need to consider Kelvin effect for subrange 2
3618	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3619	SUBROUTINE equilibration( prh, ptemp, paero, init )
3620
3621	IMPLICIT NONE
3622
3623	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3624	INTEGER(iwp) :: counti !< loop index
3625
3626	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: init !< TRUE: Initialization, FALSE: Normal runtime: update water
3627	!< content only for 1a
3628
3629	REAL(wp) :: zaw !< water activity [0-1]
3630	REAL(wp) :: zcore !< Volume of dry particle
3631	REAL(wp) :: zdold !< Old diameter
3632	REAL(wp) :: zdwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter
3633	REAL(wp) :: zke !< Kelvin term in the KÃ¶hler equation
3634	REAL(wp) :: zlwc !< liquid water content [kg/m3-air]
3635	REAL(wp) :: zrh !< Relative humidity
3636
3637	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zbinmol !< binary molality of each components (mol/kg)
3638	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zvpart !< volume of chem. compounds in one particle
3639
3640	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prh !< relative humidity [0-1]
3641	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptemp !< temperature (K)
3642
3643	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3644
3645	zaw = 0.0_wp
3646	zlwc = 0.0_wp
3647	!
3648	!-- Relative humidity:
3649	zrh = prh
3650	zrh = MAX( zrh, 0.05_wp )
3651	zrh = MIN( zrh, 0.98_wp)
3652	!
3653	!-- 1) Regime 1: sulphate and partly water-soluble OC. Done for every CALL
3654	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a ! size bin
3655
3656	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3657	zdold = 1.0_wp
3658	zke = 1.02_wp
3659
3660	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3661	!
3662	!-- Volume in one particle
3663	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3664	zvpart(1:2) = paero(ib)%volc(1:2) / paero(ib)%numc
3665	zvpart(6:7) = paero(ib)%volc(6:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3666	!
3667	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle
3668	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:2) )
3669	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3670
3671	counti = 0
3672	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-2_wp )
3673
3674	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3675	zaw = MAX( 1.0E-3_wp, zrh / zke ) ! To avoid underflow
3676	!
3677	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3678	!-- Sulphate
3679	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3680	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3681	!-- Organic carbon
3682	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3683	!-- Nitric acid
3684	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - 6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw**2 &
3685	+ 5.510176187E+2_wp * zaw*3 - 1.460055286E+3_wp zaw**4 &
3686	+ 1.894467542E+3_wp * zaw*5 - 1.220611402E+3_wp zaw**6 &
3687	+ 3.098597737E+2_wp * zaw**7
3688	!
3689	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air) using ZSR (see e.g. Eq. 10.98 in
3690	!-- Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3691	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3692	epsoc * paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3693	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3/amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6)
3694	!
3695	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3696	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3697	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3698	!
3699	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006)). Avoid
3700	!-- overflow.
3701	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * ptemp * zdwet ) ) )
3702
3703	counti = counti + 1
3704	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3705	message_string = 'Subrange 1: no convergence!'
3706	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0617', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3707	ENDIF
3708	ENDDO
3709	!
3710	!-- Instead of lwc, use the volume concentration of water from now on
3711	!-- (easy to convert...)
3712	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3713	!
3714	!-- If this is initialization, update the core and wet diameter
3715	IF ( init ) THEN
3716	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3717	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3718	ENDIF
3719
3720	ELSE
3721	!-- If initialization
3722	!-- 1.2) empty bins given bin average values
3723	IF ( init ) THEN
3724	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3725	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3726	ENDIF
3727
3728	ENDIF
3729
3730	ENDDO ! ib
3731	!
3732	!-- 2) Regime 2a: sulphate, OC, BC and sea salt
3733	!-- This is done only for initialization call, otherwise the water contents
3734	!-- are computed via condensation
3735	IF ( init ) THEN
3736	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2b
3737	!
3738	!-- Initialize
3739	zke = 1.02_wp
3740	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3741	zdold = 1.0_wp
3742	!
3743	!-- 1) Particle properties calculated for non-empty bins
3744	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3745	!
3746	!-- Volume in one particle [fxm]
3747	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3748	zvpart(1:7) = paero(ib)%volc(1:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3749	!
3750	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle [fxm]
3751	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:5) )
3752	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3753
3754	counti = 0
3755	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-12_wp )
3756
3757	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3758	zaw = zrh / zke
3759	!
3760	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3761	!-- Sulphate
3762	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3763	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3764	!-- Organic carbon
3765	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3766	!-- Nitric acid
3767	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - &
3768	6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw*2 + 5.510176187E+2_wp zaw**3 - &
3769	1.460055286E+3_wp * zaw*4 + 1.894467542E+3_wp zaw**5 - &
3770	1.220611402E+3_wp * zaw*6 + 3.098597737E+2_wp zaw**7
3771	!-- Sea salt (natrium chloride)
3772	zbinmol(5) = 5.875248E+1_wp - 1.8781997E+2_wp * zaw + 2.7211377E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3773	1.8458287E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 4.153689E+1_wp zaw**4
3774	!
3775	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air)
3776	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3777	epsoc * ( paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3778	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3 / amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6) + &
3779	( paero(ib)%volc(5) * ( arhoss / amss ) ) / zbinmol(5)
3780
3781	!-- Particle wet radius (m)
3782	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3783	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3784	!
3785	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3786	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * zdwet * ptemp ) ) )
3787
3788	counti = counti + 1
3789	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3790	message_string = 'Subrange 2: no convergence!'
3791	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0618', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3792	ENDIF
3793	ENDDO
3794	!
3795	!-- Liquid water content; instead of LWC use the volume concentration
3796	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3797	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3798	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3799
3800	ELSE
3801	!-- 2.2) empty bins given bin average values
3802	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3803	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3804	ENDIF
3805
3806	ENDDO ! ib
3807	ENDIF
3808
3809	END SUBROUTINE equilibration
3810
3811	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3812	!> Description:
3813	!> ------------
3814	!> Calculation of the settling velocity vc (m/s) per aerosol size bin and
3815	!> deposition on plant canopy (lsdepo_pcm).
3816	!
3817	!> Deposition is based on either the scheme presented in:
3818	!> Zhang et al. (2001), Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560 (includes collection due to
3819	!> Brownian diffusion, impaction, interception and sedimentation; hereafter ZO1)
3820	!> OR
3821	!> Petroff & Zhang (2010), Geosci. Model Dev. 3, 753-769 (includes also
3822	!> collection due to turbulent impaction, hereafter P10)
3823	!
3824	!> Equation numbers refer to equation in Jacobson (2005): Fundamentals of
3825	!> Atmospheric Modeling, 2nd Edition.
3826	!
3827	!> Subroutine follows closely sedim_SALSA in UCLALES-SALSA written by Juha
3828	!> Tonttila (KIT/FMI) and Zubair Maalick (UEF).
3829	!> Rewritten to PALM by Mona Kurppa (UH), 2017.
3830	!
3831	!> Call for grid point i,j,k
3832	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3833
3834	SUBROUTINE deposition( paero, tk, adn, mag_u, lad, kvis, schmidt_num, vc )
3835
3836	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
3837	ONLY: canopy_drag_coeff
3838
3839	IMPLICIT NONE
3840
3841	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3842	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3843
3844	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3845	REAL(wp) :: avis !< molecular viscocity of air (kg/(m*s))
3846	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3847	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3848	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3849	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3850	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3851	REAL(wp) :: depo !< deposition velocity (m/s)
3852	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3853	REAL(wp) :: lambda !< molecular mean free path (m)
3854	REAL(wp) :: mdiff !< particle diffusivity coefficient
3855	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3856	!< Table 3 in Z01
3857	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3858	REAL(wp) :: pdn !< particle density (kg/m3)
3859	REAL(wp) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3860	REAL(wp) :: va !< thermal speed of an air molecule (m/s)
3861
3862	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: adn !< air density (kg/m3)
3863	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3864	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3865	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: tk !< abs.temperature (K)
3866
3867	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3868
3869	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: beta !< Cunningham slip-flow correction factor
3870	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: Kn !< Knudsen number
3871	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: zdwet !< wet diameter (m)
3872
3873	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3874	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: vc !< critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity of
3875	!< an aerosol particle (m/s)
3876
3877	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3878	!
3879	!-- Initialise
3880	depo = 0.0_wp
3881	pdn = 1500.0_wp ! default value
3882	ustar = 0.0_wp
3883	!
3884	!-- Molecular viscosity of air (Eq. 4.54)
3885	avis = 1.8325E-5_wp * ( 416.16_wp / ( tk + 120.0_wp ) ) * ( tk / 296.16_wp )**1.5_wp
3886	!
3887	!-- Kinematic viscosity (Eq. 4.55)
3888	kvis = avis / adn
3889	!
3890	!-- Thermal velocity of an air molecule (Eq. 15.32)
3891	va = SQRT( 8.0_wp * abo * tk / ( pi * am_airmol ) )
3892	!
3893	!-- Mean free path (m) (Eq. 15.24)
3894	lambda = 2.0_wp * avis / ( adn * va )
3895	!
3896	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3897	zdwet = paero(:)%dwet
3898	!
3899	!-- Knudsen number (Eq. 15.23)
3900	Kn = MAX( 1.0E-2_wp, lambda / ( zdwet * 0.5_wp ) ) ! To avoid underflow
3901	!
3902	!-- Cunningham slip-flow correction (Eq. 15.30)
3903	beta = 1.0_wp + Kn * ( 1.249_wp + 0.42_wp * EXP( -0.87_wp / Kn ) )
3904	!
3905	!-- Critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity (Eq. 20.4)
3906	vc = MIN( 1.0_wp, zdwet*2 ( pdn - adn ) * g * beta / ( 18.0_wp * avis ) )
3907	!
3908	!-- Deposition on vegetation
3909	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy .AND. lad > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3910	!
3911	!-- Parameters for the land use category 'deciduous broadleaf trees'(Table 3)
3912	alpha = alpha_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3913	gamma = gamma_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3914	par_a = A_z01(depo_pcm_type_num, season_z01) * 1.0E-3_wp
3915	!
3916	!-- Deposition efficiencies from Table 1. Constants from Table 2.
3917	par_l = l_p10(depo_pcm_type_num) * 0.01_wp
3918	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3919	c_interception = c_in_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3920	c_impaction = c_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3921	beta_im = beta_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3922	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3923
3924	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3925
3926	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < ( 2.0_wp * nclim ) ) CYCLE
3927
3928	!-- Particle diffusivity coefficient (Eq. 15.29)
3929	mdiff = ( abo * tk * beta(ib) ) / ( 3.0_wp * pi * avis * zdwet(ib) )
3930	!
3931	!-- Particle Schmidt number (Eq. 15.36)
3932	schmidt_num(ib) = kvis / mdiff
3933	!
3934	!-- Friction velocity for deposition on vegetation. Calculated following Prandtl (1925):
3935	ustar = SQRT( canopy_drag_coeff ) * mag_u
3936	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_par_num )
3937
3938	CASE ( 1 ) ! Zhang et al. (2001)
3939	CALL depo_vel_Z01( vc(ib), ustar, schmidt_num(ib), paero(ib)%dwet, alpha, gamma, &
3940	par_a, depo )
3941	CASE ( 2 ) ! Petroff & Zhang (2010)
3942	CALL depo_vel_P10( vc(ib), mag_u, ustar, kvis, schmidt_num(ib), paero(ib)%dwet, &
3943	par_l, c_brownian_diff, c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, &
3944	c_turb_impaction, depo )
3945	END SELECT
3946	!
3947	!-- Calculate the change in concentrations
3948	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc - depo * lad * paero(ib)%numc * dt_salsa
3949	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1
3950	paero(ib)%volc(ic) = paero(ib)%volc(ic) - depo * lad * paero(ib)%volc(ic) * dt_salsa
3951	ENDDO
3952	ENDDO
3953
3954	ENDIF
3955
3956	END SUBROUTINE deposition
3957
3958	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3959	! Description:
3960	! ------------
3961	!> Calculate deposition velocity (m/s) based on Zhan et al. (2001, case 1).
3962	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3963
3964	SUBROUTINE depo_vel_Z01( vc, ustar, schmidt_num, diameter, alpha, gamma, par_a, depo )
3965
3966	IMPLICIT NONE
3967
3968	REAL(wp) :: rs !< overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3969	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3970
3971	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3972	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3973	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic diameter of
3974	!< collectors, Table 3 in Z01
3975	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diameter !< particle diameter
3976	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3977	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3978	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3979
3980	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: depo !< deposition efficiency (m/s)
3981
3982	IF ( par_a > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3983	!
3984	!-- Initialise
3985	rs = 0.0_wp
3986	!
3987	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3988	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_a )
3989	!
3990	!-- The overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles (Zhang et al., Eq. 5)
3991	rs = MAX( EPSILON( 1.0_wp ), ( 3.0_wp * ustar * EXP( -stokes_num*0.5_wp ) &
3992	( schmidt_num( -gamma ) + ( stokes_num / ( alpha + stokes_num ) )2 + &
3993	0.5_wp * ( diameter / par_a )**2 ) ) )
3994
3995	depo = rs + vc
3996
3997	ELSE
3998	depo = 0.0_wp
3999	ENDIF
4000
4001	END SUBROUTINE depo_vel_Z01
4002
4003	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
4004	! Description:
4005	! ------------
4006	!> Calculate deposition velocity (m/s) based on Petroff & Zhang (2010, case 2).
4007	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
4008
4009	SUBROUTINE depo_vel_P10( vc, mag_u, ustar, kvis_a, schmidt_num, diameter, par_l, c_brownian_diff, &
4010	c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, c_turb_impaction, depo )
4011