Home

Context Navigation

salsa_mod.f90 @ 4273

Last change on this file since 4273 was 4273, checked in by monakurppa, 4 years ago
Add logical switched nesting_chem and nesting_offline_chem
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 603.3 KB

Line
1	!> @file salsa_mod.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM-4U.
4	!
5	! PALM-4U is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM-4U is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2018-2019 University of Helsinki
18	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
19	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
20	!
21	! Current revisions:
22	! -----------------
23	!
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: salsa_mod.f90 4273 2019-10-24 13:40:54Z monakurppa $
28	! - Rename nest_salsa to nesting_salsa
29	! - Correct some errors in boundary condition flags
30	! - Add a check for not trying to output gas concentrations in salsa if the
31	! chemistry module is applied
32	! - Set the default value of nesting_salsa and nesting_offline_salsa to .TRUE.
33	!
34	! 4272 2019-10-23 15:18:57Z schwenkel
35	! Further modularization of boundary conditions: moved boundary conditions to
36	! respective modules
37	!
38	! 4270 2019-10-23 10:46:20Z monakurppa
39	! - Implement offline nesting for salsa
40	! - Alphabetic ordering for module interfaces
41	! - Remove init_aerosol_type and init_gases_type from salsa_parin and define them
42	! based on the initializing_actions
43	! - parameter definition removed from "season" and "season_z01" is added to parin
44	! - bugfix in application of index_hh after implementing the new
45	! palm_date_time_mod
46	! - Reformat salsa emission data with LOD=2: size distribution given for each
47	! emission category
48	!
49	! 4268 2019-10-17 11:29:38Z schwenkel
50	! Moving module specific boundary conditions from time_integration to module
51	!
52	! 4256 2019-10-07 10:08:52Z monakurppa
53	! Document previous changes: use global variables nx, ny and nz in salsa_header
54	!
55	! 4227 2019-09-10 18:04:34Z gronemeier
56	! implement new palm_date_time_mod
57	!
58	! 4226 2019-09-10 17:03:24Z suehring
59	! Netcdf input routine for dimension length renamed
60	!
61	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
62	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
63	!
64	! 4167 2019-08-16 11:01:48Z suehring
65	! Changed behaviour of masked output over surface to follow terrain and ignore
66	! buildings (J.Resler, T.Gronemeier)
67	!
68	! 4131 2019-08-02 11:06:18Z monakurppa
69	! - Add "salsa_" before each salsa output variable
70	! - Add a possibility to output the number (salsa_N_UFP) and mass concentration
71	! (salsa_PM0.1) of ultrafine particles, i.e. particles with a diameter smaller
72	! than 100 nm
73	! - Implement aerosol emission mode "parameterized" which is based on the street
74	! type (similar to the chemistry module).
75	! - Remove unnecessary nucleation subroutines.
76	! - Add the z-dimension for gaseous emissions to correspond the implementation
77	! in the chemistry module
78	!
79	! 4118 2019-07-25 16:11:45Z suehring
80	! - When Dirichlet condition is applied in decycling, the boundary conditions are
81	! only set at the ghost points and not at the prognostic grid points as done
82	! before
83	! - Rename decycle_ns/lr to decycle_salsa_ns/lr and decycle_method to
84	! decycle_method_salsa
85	! - Allocation and initialization of special advection flags salsa_advc_flags_s
86	! used for salsa. These are exclusively used for salsa variables to
87	! distinguish from the usually-used flags which might be different when
88	! decycling is applied in combination with cyclic boundary conditions.
89	! Moreover, salsa_advc_flags_s considers extended zones around buildings where
90	! the first-order upwind scheme is applied for the horizontal advection terms.
91	! This is done to overcome high concentration peaks due to stationary numerical
92	! oscillations caused by horizontal advection discretization.
93	!
94	! 4117 2019-07-25 08:54:02Z monakurppa
95	! Pass integer flag array as well as boundary flags to WS scalar advection
96	! routine
97	!
98	! 4109 2019-07-22 17:00:34Z suehring
99	! Slightly revise setting of boundary conditions at horizontal walls, use
100	! data-structure offset index instead of pre-calculate it for each facing
101	!
102	! 4079 2019-07-09 18:04:41Z suehring
103	! Application of monotonic flux limiter for the vertical scalar advection
104	! up to the topography top (only for the cache-optimized version at the
105	! moment).
106	!
107	! 4069 2019-07-01 14:05:51Z Giersch
108	! Masked output running index mid has been introduced as a local variable to
109	! avoid runtime error (Loop variable has been modified) in time_integration
110	!
111	! 4058 2019-06-27 15:25:42Z knoop
112	! Bugfix: to_be_resorted was uninitialized in case of s_H2O in 3d_data_averaging
113	!
114	! 4012 2019-05-31 15:19:05Z monakurppa
115	! Merge salsa branch to trunk. List of changes:
116	! - Error corrected in distr_update that resulted in the aerosol number size
117	! distribution not converging if the concentration was nclim.
118	! - Added a separate output for aerosol liquid water (s_H2O)
119	! - aerosol processes for a size bin are now calculated only if the aerosol
120	! number of concentration of that bin is > 2*nclim
121	! - An initialisation error in the subroutine "deposition" corrected and the
122	! subroutine reformatted.
123	! - stuff from salsa_util_mod.f90 moved into salsa_mod.f90
124	! - calls for closing the netcdf input files added
125	!
126	! 3956 2019-05-07 12:32:52Z monakurppa
127	! - Conceptual bug in depo_surf correct for urban and land surface model
128	! - Subroutine salsa_tendency_ij optimized.
129	! - Interfaces salsa_non_advective_processes and salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
130	! created. These are now called in module_interface.
131	! salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds after calling salsa_driver only when needed
132	! (i.e. every dt_salsa).
133	!
134	! 3924 2019-04-23 09:33:06Z monakurppa
135	! Correct a bug introduced by the previous update.
136	!
137	! 3899 2019-04-16 14:05:27Z monakurppa
138	! - remove unnecessary error / location messages
139	! - corrected some error message numbers
140	! - allocate source arrays only if emissions or dry deposition is applied.
141	!
142	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
143	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
144	! of additional debug messages
145	!
146	! 3876 2019-04-08 18:41:49Z knoop
147	! Introduced salsa_actions module interface
148	!
149	! 3871 2019-04-08 14:38:39Z knoop
150	! Major changes in formatting, performance and data input structure (see branch
151	! the history for details)
152	! - Time-dependent emissions enabled: lod=1 for yearly PM emissions that are
153	! normalised depending on the time, and lod=2 for preprocessed emissions
154	! (similar to the chemistry module).
155	! - Additionally, 'uniform' emissions allowed. This emission is set constant on
156	! all horisontal upward facing surfaces and it is created based on parameters
157	! surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg/sigmag/mass_fracs_a/mass_fracs_b.
158	! - All emissions are now implemented as surface fluxes! No 3D sources anymore.
159	! - Update the emission information by calling salsa_emission_update if
160	! skip_time_do_salsa >= time_since_reference_point and
161	! next_aero_emission_update <= time_since_reference_point
162	! - Aerosol background concentrations read from PIDS_DYNAMIC. The vertical grid
163	! must match the one applied in the model.
164	! - Gas emissions and background concentrations can be also read in in salsa_mod
165	! if the chemistry module is not applied.
166	! - In deposition, information on the land use type can be now imported from
167	! the land use model
168	! - Use SI units in PARIN, i.e. n_lognorm given in #/m3 and dpg in metres.
169	! - Apply 100 character line limit
170	! - Change all variable names from capital to lowercase letter
171	! - Change real exponents to integer if possible. If not, precalculate the value
172	! value of exponent
173	! - Rename in1a to start_subrange_1a, fn2a to end_subrange_1a etc.
174	! - Rename nbins --> nbins_aerosol, ncc_tot --> ncomponents_mass and ngast -->
175	! ngases_salsa
176	! - Rename ibc to index_bc, idu to index_du etc.
177	! - Renamed loop indices b, c and sg to ib, ic and ig
178	! - run_salsa subroutine removed
179	! - Corrected a bud in salsa_driver: falsely applied ino instead of inh
180	! - Call salsa_tendency within salsa_prognostic_equations which is called in
181	! module_interface_mod instead of prognostic_equations_mod
182	! - Removed tailing white spaces and unused variables
183	! - Change error message to start by PA instead of SA
184	!
185	! 3833 2019-03-28 15:04:04Z forkel
186	! added USE chem_gasphase_mod for nvar, nspec and spc_names
187	!
188	! 3787 2019-03-07 08:43:54Z raasch
189	! unused variables removed
190	!
191	! 3780 2019-03-05 11:19:45Z forkel
192	! unused variable for file index removed from rrd-subroutines parameter list
193	!
194	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
195	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
196	!
197	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
198	! Implementation of the PALM module interface
199	! 3412 2018-10-24 07:25:57Z monakurppa
200	!
201	! Authors:
202	! --------
203	! @author Mona Kurppa (University of Helsinki)
204	!
205	!
206	! Description:
207	! ------------
208	!> Sectional aerosol module for large scale applications SALSA
209	!> (Kokkola et al., 2008, ACP 8, 2469-2483). Solves the aerosol number and mass
210	!> concentration as well as chemical composition. Includes aerosol dynamic
211	!> processes: nucleation, condensation/evaporation of vapours, coagulation and
212	!> deposition on tree leaves, ground and roofs.
213	!> Implementation is based on formulations implemented in UCLALES-SALSA except
214	!> for deposition which is based on parametrisations by Zhang et al. (2001,
215	!> Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560) or Petroff&Zhang (2010, Geosci. Model Dev. 3,
216	!> 753-769)
217	!>
218	!> @todo Apply information from emission_stack_height to lift emission sources
219	!> @todo emission mode "parameterized", i.e. based on street type
220	!> @todo Allow insoluble emissions
221	!> @todo Apply flux limiter in prognostic equations
222	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
223	MODULE salsa_mod
224
225	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
226	ONLY: c_p, g, p_0, pi, r_d
227
228	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
229	ONLY: nspec, nvar, spc_names
230
231	USE chem_modules, &
232	ONLY: call_chem_at_all_substeps, chem_gasphase_on, chem_species
233
234	USE control_parameters, &
235	ONLY: air_chemistry, bc_dirichlet_l, bc_dirichlet_n, bc_dirichlet_r, bc_dirichlet_s, &
236	bc_lr, bc_lr_cyc, bc_ns, bc_ns_cyc, bc_radiation_l, bc_radiation_n, bc_radiation_r, &
237	bc_radiation_s, coupling_char, debug_output, dt_3d, intermediate_timestep_count, &
238	intermediate_timestep_count_max, land_surface, max_pr_salsa, message_string, &
239	monotonic_limiter_z, plant_canopy, pt_surface, salsa, scalar_advec, &
240	surface_pressure, time_since_reference_point, timestep_scheme, tsc, urban_surface, &
241	ws_scheme_sca
242
243	USE indices, &
244	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb, nz, nzt, wall_flags_0
245
246	USE kinds
247
248	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
249	ONLY: chem_emis_att_type, chem_emis_val_type
250
251	USE pegrid
252
253	USE statistics, &
254	ONLY: sums_salsa_ws_l
255
256	IMPLICIT NONE
257	!
258	!-- SALSA constants:
259	!
260	!-- Local constants:
261	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: luc_urban = 15 !< default landuse type for urban
262	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: ngases_salsa = 5 !< total number of gaseous tracers:
263	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV
264	!< (non-volatile OC), 5 = OCSV (semi-volatile)
265	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nmod = 7 !< number of modes for initialising the aerosol size distribution
266	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nreg = 2 !< Number of main size subranges
267	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: maxspec = 7 !< Max. number of aerosol species
268
269
270	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: fill_value = -9999.0_wp !< value for the _FillValue attribute
271	!
272	!-- Universal constants
273	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: abo = 1.380662E-23_wp !< Boltzmann constant (J/K)
274	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv = 2.260E+6_wp !< latent heat for H2O vaporisation (J/kg)
275	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv_d_rv = 4896.96865_wp !< alv / rv
276	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: am_airmol = 4.8096E-26_wp !< Average mass of an air molecule (Jacobson 2005, Eq.2.3)
277	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: api6 = 0.5235988_wp !< pi / 6
278	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas = 8.314409_wp !< Gas constant (J/(mol K))
279	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas_d_cpd = 8.281283865E-3_wp !< argas per cpd
280	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: avo = 6.02214E+23_wp !< Avogadro constant (1/mol)
281	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: d_sa = 5.539376964394570E-10_wp !< diameter of condensing H2SO4 molecule (m)
282	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: for_ppm_to_nconc = 7.243016311E+16_wp !< ppm * avo / R (K/(Pa*m3))
283	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: epsoc = 0.15_wp !< water uptake of organic material
284	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: mclim = 1.0E-23_wp !< mass concentration min limit (kg/m3)
285	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: n3 = 158.79_wp !< Number of H2SO4 molecules in 3 nm cluster if d_sa=5.54e-10m
286	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: nclim = 1.0_wp !< number concentration min limit (#/m3)
287	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: surfw0 = 0.073_wp !< surface tension of water at 293 K (J/m2)
288	!
289	!-- Molar masses in kg/mol
290	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: ambc = 12.0E-3_wp !< black carbon (BC)
291	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdair = 28.970E-3_wp !< dry air
292	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdu = 100.E-3_wp !< mineral dust
293	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2o = 18.0154E-3_wp !< H2O
294	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2so4 = 98.06E-3_wp !< H2SO4
295	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amhno3 = 63.01E-3_wp !< HNO3
296	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amn2o = 44.013E-3_wp !< N2O
297	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amnh3 = 17.031E-3_wp !< NH3
298	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo2 = 31.9988E-3_wp !< O2
299	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo3 = 47.998E-3_wp !< O3
300	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amoc = 150.E-3_wp !< organic carbon (OC)
301	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amss = 58.44E-3_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
302	!
303	!-- Densities in kg/m3
304	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhobc = 2000.0_wp !< black carbon
305	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhodu = 2650.0_wp !< mineral dust
306	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2o = 1000.0_wp !< H2O
307	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2so4 = 1830.0_wp !< SO4
308	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhohno3 = 1479.0_wp !< HNO3
309	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhonh3 = 1530.0_wp !< NH3
310	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhooc = 2000.0_wp !< organic carbon
311	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoss = 2165.0_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
312	!
313	!-- Volume of molecule in m3/#
314	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2o = amh2o /avo / arhoh2o !< H2O
315	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2so4 = amh2so4 / avo / arhoh2so4 !< SO4
316	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvhno3 = amhno3 / avo / arhohno3 !< HNO3
317	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvnh3 = amnh3 / avo / arhonh3 !< NH3
318	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvoc = amoc / avo / arhooc !< OC
319	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvss = amss / avo / arhoss !< sea salt
320	!
321	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Petroff and Zhang (2010):
322	!-- obstacle characteristic dimension "L" (cm) (plane obstacle by default) and empirical constants
323	!-- C_B, C_IN, C_IM, beta_IM and C_IT for each land use category (15, as in Zhang et al. (2001))
324	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: l_p10 = &
325	(/0.15, 4.0, 0.15, 3.0, 3.0, 0.5, 3.0, -99., 0.5, 2.0, 1.0, -99., -99., -99., 3.0/)
326	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_b_p10 = &
327	(/0.887, 1.262, 0.887, 1.262, 1.262, 0.996, 0.996, -99., 0.7, 0.93, 0.996, -99., -99., -99., 1.262/)
328	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_in_p10 = &
329	(/0.81, 0.216, 0.81, 0.216, 0.216, 0.191, 0.162, -99., 0.7, 0.14, 0.162, -99., -99., -99., 0.216/)
330	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_im_p10 = &
331	(/0.162, 0.13, 0.162, 0.13, 0.13, 0.191, 0.081, -99., 0.191,0.086,0.081, -99., -99., -99., 0.13/)
332	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: beta_im_p10 = &
333	(/0.6, 0.47, 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, -99., 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, -99., -99., -99., 0.47/)
334	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_it_p10 = &
335	(/0.0, 0.056, 0.0, 0.056, 0.056, 0.042, 0.056, -99., 0.042,0.014,0.056, -99., -99., -99., 0.056/)
336	!
337	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Zhang et al. (2001):
338	!-- empirical constants "alpha" and "gamma" and characteristic radius "A" for
339	!-- each land use category (15) and season (5)
340	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: alpha_z01 = &
341	(/1.0, 0.6, 1.1, 0.8, 0.8, 1.2, 1.2, 50.0, 50.0, 1.3, 2.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0, 1.5/)
342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: gamma_z01 = &
343	(/0.56, 0.58, 0.56, 0.56, 0.56, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.50, 0.50, 0.56/)
344	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15,1:5), PARAMETER :: A_z01 = RESHAPE( (/&
345	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC1
346	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC2
347	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC3
348	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC4
349	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0 & ! SC5
350	/), (/ 15, 5 /) )
351	!-- Land use categories (based on Z01 but the same applies here also for P10):
352	!-- 1 = evergreen needleleaf trees,
353	!-- 2 = evergreen broadleaf trees,
354	!-- 3 = deciduous needleleaf trees,
355	!-- 4 = deciduous broadleaf trees,
356	!-- 5 = mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees (deciduous broadleaf trees for P10),
357	!-- 6 = grass (short grass for P10),
358	!-- 7 = crops, mixed farming,
359	!-- 8 = desert,
360	!-- 9 = tundra,
361	!-- 10 = shrubs and interrupted woodlands (thorn shrubs for P10),
362	!-- 11 = wetland with plants (long grass for P10)
363	!-- 12 = ice cap and glacier,
364	!-- 13 = inland water (inland lake for P10)
365	!-- 14 = ocean (water for P10),
366	!-- 15 = urban
367	!
368	!-- SALSA variables:
369	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_b = 'neumann' !< bottom boundary condition
370	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_t = 'neumann' !< top boundary condition
371	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
372	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_type = 'deciduous_broadleaf' !< leaf type
373	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_surf_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
374	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_dynamic = 'PIDS_DYNAMIC' !< file name for dynamic input
375	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_salsa = 'PIDS_SALSA' !< file name for emission data
376	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: salsa_emission_mode = 'no_emission' !< 'no_emission', 'uniform',
377	!< 'parameterized', 'read_from_file'
378
379	CHARACTER(LEN=20), DIMENSION(4) :: decycle_method_salsa = &
380	(/'dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet'/)
381	!< Decycling method at horizontal boundaries
382	!< 1=left, 2=right, 3=south, 4=north
383	!< dirichlet = initial profiles for the ghost and first 3 layers
384	!< neumann = zero gradient
385
386	CHARACTER(LEN=3), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: listspec = & !< Active aerosols
387	(/'SO4',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '/)
388
389	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_par_num = 1 !< parametrisation type: 1=zhang2001, 2=petroff2010
390	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_type_num = 0 !< index for the dry deposition type on the plant canopy
391	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_surf_par_num = 1 !< parametrisation type: 1=zhang2001, 2=petroff2010
392	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_1a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 1a
393	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2a
394	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2b = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2b
395	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_b !< index for the bottom boundary condition
396	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_t !< index for the top boundary condition
397	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_bc = -1 !< index for black carbon (BC)
398	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_du = -1 !< index for dust
399	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_nh = -1 !< index for NH3
400	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_no = -1 !< index for HNO3
401	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_oc = -1 !< index for organic carbon (OC)
402	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_so4 = -1 !< index for SO4 or H2SO4
403	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_ss = -1 !< index for sea salt
404	INTEGER(iwp) :: init_aerosol_type = 0 !< Initial size distribution type
405	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
406	!< 1 = read vertical profiles from an input file
407	INTEGER(iwp) :: init_gases_type = 0 !< Initial gas concentration type
408	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
409	!< 1 = read vertical profiles from an input file
410	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_gas_emissions = 0 !< level of detail of the gaseous emission data
411	INTEGER(iwp) :: main_street_id = 0 !< lower bound of main street IDs for parameterized emission mode
412	INTEGER(iwp) :: max_street_id = 0 !< upper bound of main street IDs for parameterized emission mode
413	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins_aerosol = 1 !< total number of size bins
414	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 1 !< number of chemical components used
415	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomponents_mass = 1 !< total number of chemical compounds (ncc+1)
416	!< if particle water is advected)
417	INTEGER(iwp) :: nj3 = 1 !< J3 parametrization (nucleation)
418	!< 1 = condensational sink (Kerminen&Kulmala, 2002)
419	!< 2 = coagulational sink (Lehtinen et al. 2007)
420	!< 3 = coagS+self-coagulation (Anttila et al. 2010)
421	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsnucl = 0 !< Choice of the nucleation scheme:
422	!< 0 = off
423	!< 1 = binary nucleation
424	!< 2 = activation type nucleation
425	!< 3 = kinetic nucleation
426	!< 4 = ternary nucleation
427	!< 5 = nucleation with ORGANICs
428	!< 6 = activation type of nucleation with H2SO4+ORG
429	!< 7 = heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
430	!< 8 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4
431	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
432	!< 9 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and ORG
433	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
434	INTEGER(iwp) :: salsa_pr_count = 0 !< counter for salsa variable profiles
435	INTEGER(iwp) :: season_z01 = 1 !< For dry deposition by Zhang et al.: 1 = summer,
436	!< 2 = autumn (no harvest yet), 3 = late autumn
437	!< (already frost), 4 = winter, 5 = transitional spring
438	INTEGER(iwp) :: side_street_id = 0 !< lower bound of side street IDs for parameterized emission mode
439	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_1a = 1 !< start index for bin subranges: subrange 1a
440	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2a = 1 !< subrange 2a
441	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2b = 1 !< subrange 2b
442
443	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nreg) :: nbin = (/ 3, 7/) !< Number of size bins per subrange: 1 & 2
444
445	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: gas_index_chem = (/ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1/) !< gas indices in chemistry_model_mod
446	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3,
447	!< 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV, 5 = OCSV
448	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: emission_index_chem !< gas indices in the gas emission file
449	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(99) :: salsa_pr_index = 0 !< index for salsa profiles
450
451	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_topo_top !< vertical index of the topography top
452
453	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: salsa_advc_flags_s !< flags used to degrade order of advection
454	!< scheme for salsa variables near walls and
455	!< lateral boundaries
456	!
457	!-- SALSA switches:
458	LOGICAL :: advect_particle_water = .TRUE. !< Advect water concentration of particles
459	LOGICAL :: decycle_salsa_lr = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundaries: left and right
460	LOGICAL :: decycle_salsa_ns = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundaries: north and south
461	LOGICAL :: include_emission = .FALSE. !< Include or not emissions
462	LOGICAL :: feedback_to_palm = .FALSE. !< Allow feedback due to condensation of H2O
463	LOGICAL :: nesting_salsa = .TRUE. !< Apply nesting for salsa
464	LOGICAL :: nesting_offline_salsa = .TRUE. !< Apply offline nesting for salsa
465	LOGICAL :: no_insoluble = .FALSE. !< Exclude insoluble chemical components
466	LOGICAL :: read_restart_data_salsa = .FALSE. !< Read restart data for salsa
467	LOGICAL :: salsa_gases_from_chem = .FALSE. !< Transfer the gaseous components to SALSA
468	LOGICAL :: van_der_waals_coagc = .FALSE. !< Include van der Waals and viscous forces in coagulation
469	LOGICAL :: write_binary_salsa = .FALSE. !< read binary for salsa
470	!
471	!-- Process switches: nl* is read from the NAMELIST and is NOT changed.
472	!-- ls* is the switch used and will get the value of nl*
473	!-- except for special circumstances (spinup period etc.)
474	LOGICAL :: nlcoag = .FALSE. !< Coagulation master switch
475	LOGICAL :: lscoag = .FALSE. !<
476	LOGICAL :: nlcnd = .FALSE. !< Condensation master switch
477	LOGICAL :: lscnd = .FALSE. !<
478	LOGICAL :: nlcndgas = .FALSE. !< Condensation of precursor gases
479	LOGICAL :: lscndgas = .FALSE. !<
480	LOGICAL :: nlcndh2oae = .FALSE. !< Condensation of H2O on aerosol
481	LOGICAL :: lscndh2oae = .FALSE. !< particles (FALSE -> equilibrium calc.)
482	LOGICAL :: nldepo = .FALSE. !< Deposition master switch
483	LOGICAL :: lsdepo = .FALSE. !<
484	LOGICAL :: nldepo_surf = .FALSE. !< Deposition on vegetation master switch
485	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_surf = .FALSE. !<
486	LOGICAL :: nldepo_pcm = .FALSE. !< Deposition on walls master switch
487	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE. !<
488	LOGICAL :: nldistupdate = .TRUE. !< Size distribution update master switch
489	LOGICAL :: lsdistupdate = .FALSE. !<
490	LOGICAL :: lspartition = .FALSE. !< Partition of HNO3 and NH3
491
492	REAL(wp) :: act_coeff = 1.0E-7_wp !< Activation coefficient (1/s)
493	REAL(wp) :: dt_salsa = 0.00001_wp !< Time step of SALSA
494	REAL(wp) :: emiss_factor_main = 0.0_wp !< relative emission factor for main streets
495	REAL(wp) :: emiss_factor_side = 0.0_wp !< relative emission factor for side streets
496	REAL(wp) :: h2so4_init = nclim !< Init value for sulphuric acid gas
497	REAL(wp) :: hno3_init = nclim !< Init value for nitric acid gas
498	REAL(wp) :: last_salsa_time = 0.0_wp !< previous salsa call
499	REAL(wp) :: next_aero_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
500	REAL(wp) :: next_gas_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
501	REAL(wp) :: nf2a = 1.0_wp !< Number fraction allocated to 2a-bins
502	REAL(wp) :: nh3_init = nclim !< Init value for ammonia gas
503	REAL(wp) :: ocnv_init = nclim !< Init value for non-volatile organic gases
504	REAL(wp) :: ocsv_init = nclim !< Init value for semi-volatile organic gases
505	REAL(wp) :: rhlim = 1.20_wp !< RH limit in %/100. Prevents unrealistical RH
506	REAL(wp) :: time_utc_init !< time in seconds-of-day of origin_date_time
507	REAL(wp) :: skip_time_do_salsa = 0.0_wp !< Starting time of SALSA (s)
508	!
509	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres),
510	!-- standard deviation (sigmag) and concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3)
511	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: dpg = &
512	(/1.3E-8_wp, 5.4E-8_wp, 8.6E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp/)
513	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: sigmag = &
514	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
515	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: n_lognorm = &
516	(/1.04e+11_wp, 3.23E+10_wp, 5.4E+6_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
517	!
518	!-- Initial mass fractions / chemical composition of the size distribution
519	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_a = & !< mass fractions between
520	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for A bins
521	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_b = & !< mass fractions between
522	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for B bins
523	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nreg+1) :: reglim = & !< Min&max diameters of size subranges
524	(/ 3.0E-9_wp, 5.0E-8_wp, 1.0E-5_wp/)
525	!
526	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres), standard deviation (sigmag)
527	!-- concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3) and mass fractions of all chemical components (listed in
528	!-- listspec) for both a (soluble) and b (insoluble) bins.
529	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_dpg = &
530	(/1.3E-8_wp, 5.4E-8_wp, 8.6E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp/)
531	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_sigmag = &
532	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
533	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a = &
534	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
535	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b = &
536	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
537	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: surface_aerosol_flux = &
538	(/1.0E+8_wp, 1.0E+9_wp, 1.0E+5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
539
540	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bin_low_limits !< to deliver information about
541	!< the lower diameters per bin
542	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_am_t_val !< vertical gradient of: aerosol mass
543	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_an_t_val !< of: aerosol number
544	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_gt_t_val !< salsa gases near domain top
545	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: gas_emission_time !< Time array in gas emission data (s)
546	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsect !< Background number concentrations
547	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: massacc !< Mass accomodation coefficients
548	!
549	!-- SALSA derived datatypes:
550	!
551	!-- Component index
552	TYPE component_index
553	CHARACTER(len=3), ALLOCATABLE :: comp(:) !< Component name
554	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomp !< Number of components
555	INTEGER(iwp), ALLOCATABLE :: ind(:) !< Component index
556	END TYPE component_index
557	!
558	!-- For matching LSM and USM surface types and the deposition module surface types
559	TYPE match_surface
560	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_lupg !< index for pavement / green roofs
561	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_luvw !< index for vegetation / walls
562	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_luww !< index for water / windows
563	END TYPE match_surface
564	!
565	!-- Aerosol emission data attributes
566	TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
567
568	CHARACTER(LEN=25) :: units
569
570	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_name !<
571	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !<
572	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: unit_time !<
573	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !<
574
575	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod = 0 !< level of detail
576	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins = 10 !< number of aerosol size bins
577	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncat = 0 !< number of emission categories
578	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 7 !< number of aerosol chemical components
579	INTEGER(iwp) :: nhoursyear = 0 !< number of hours: HOURLY mode
580	INTEGER(iwp) :: nmonthdayhour = 0 !< number of month days and hours: MDH mode
581	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
582	INTEGER(iwp) :: nt = 0 !< number of time steps
583	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz = 0 !< number of vertical levels
584	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind !< time index for reference time in salsa emission data
585
586	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_in2mod = 0 !<
587
588	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_index !< Index of emission categories
589	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_index !< Index of chemical components
590
591	REAL(wp) :: conversion_factor !< unit conversion factor for aerosol emissions
592
593	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: dmid !< mean diameters of size bins (m)
594	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: rho !< average density (kg/m3)
595	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time !< time (s)
596	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time_factor !< emission time factor
597	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: z !< height (m)
598
599	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: etf !< emission time factor
600	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: stack_height
601
602	END TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
603	!
604	!-- The default size distribution and mass composition per emission category:
605	!-- 1 = traffic, 2 = road dust, 3 = wood combustion, 4 = other
606	!-- Mass fractions: H2SO4, OC, BC, DU, SS, HNO3, NH3
607	TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
608
609	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndm = 3 !< number of default modes
610	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndc = 4 !< number of default categories
611
612	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_name_table = (/'traffic exhaust', &
613	'road dust ', &
614	'wood combustion', &
615	'other '/)
616
617	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_input_to_model !<
618
619	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: dpg_table = (/ 13.5E-9_wp, 1.4E-6_wp, 5.4E-8_wp/) !<
620	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ntot_table !<
621	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: sigmag_table = (/ 1.6_wp, 1.4_wp, 1.7_wp /) !<
622
623	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:maxspec,1:4) :: mass_frac_table = & !<
624	RESHAPE( (/ 0.04_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
625	0.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.95_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
626	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
627	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp &
628	/), (/maxspec,4/) )
629
630	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3,1:4) :: pm_frac_table = & !< rel. mass
631	RESHAPE( (/ 0.016_wp, 0.000_wp, 0.984_wp, &
632	0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, &
633	0.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, &
634	1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp &
635	/), (/3,4/) )
636
637	END TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
638	!
639	!-- Aerosol emission data values
640	TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
641
642	REAL(wp) :: fill !< fill value
643
644	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mass_fracs !< mass fractions per emis. category
645	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_fracs !< number fractions per emis. category
646
647	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_data !< surface emission in PM
648	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_data !< surface emission per category
649
650	END TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
651	!
652	!-- Offline nesting data type
653	TYPE salsa_nest_offl_type
654
655	CHARACTER(LEN=16) :: char_l = 'ls_forcing_left_' !< leading substring at left boundary
656	CHARACTER(LEN=17) :: char_n = 'ls_forcing_north_' !< leading substring at north boundary
657	CHARACTER(LEN=17) :: char_r = 'ls_forcing_right_' !< leading substring at right boundary
658	CHARACTER(LEN=17) :: char_s = 'ls_forcing_south_' !< leading substring at south boundary
659	CHARACTER(LEN=15) :: char_t = 'ls_forcing_top_' !< leading substring at top boundary
660
661	CHARACTER(LEN=5), DIMENSION(1:ngases_salsa) :: gas_name = (/'H2SO4','HNO3 ','NH3 ','OCNV ','OCSV '/)
662
663	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !< chemical component name
664	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !< list of variable names
665
666	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_dynamic !< NetCDF id of dynamic input file
667	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc !< number of aerosol chemical components
668	INTEGER(iwp) :: nt !< number of time levels in dynamic input file
669	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzu !< number of vertical levels on scalar grid in dynamic input file
670	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind !< time index for reference time in mesoscale-offline nesting
671	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind_p !< time index for following time in mesoscale-offline nesting
672
673	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_in2mod = 0 !< to transfer chemical composition from input to model
674
675	LOGICAL :: init = .FALSE. !< flag indicating the initialisation of offline nesting
676
677	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: dmid !< vertical profile of aerosol bin diameters
678	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time !< time in dynamic input file
679	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: zu_atmos !< zu in dynamic input file
680
681	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: gconc_left !< gas conc. at left boundary
682	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: gconc_north !< gas conc. at north boundary
683	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: gconc_right !< gas conc. at right boundary
684	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: gconc_south !< gas conc. at south boundary
685	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: gconc_top !< gas conc.at top boundary
686	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mconc_left !< aerosol mass conc. at left boundary
687	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mconc_north !< aerosol mass conc. at north boundary
688	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mconc_right !< aerosol mass conc. at right boundary
689	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mconc_south !< aerosol mass conc. at south boundary
690	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: mconc_top !< aerosol mass conc. at top boundary
691	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nconc_left !< aerosol number conc. at left boundary
692	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nconc_north !< aerosol number conc. at north boundary
693	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nconc_right !< aerosol number conc. at right boundary
694	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nconc_south !< aerosol number conc. at south boundary
695	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nconc_top !< aerosol number conc. at top boundary
696
697	END TYPE salsa_nest_offl_type
698	!
699	!-- Prognostic variable: Aerosol size bin information (number (#/m3) and mass (kg/m3) concentration)
700	!-- and the concentration of gaseous tracers (#/m3). Gas tracers are contained sequentially in
701	!-- dimension 4 as:
702	!-- 1. H2SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV (non-volatile organics), 5. OCSV (semi-volatile)
703	TYPE salsa_variable
704
705	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: init !<
706
707	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: diss_s !<
708	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: flux_s !<
709	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: source !<
710	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: sums_ws_l !<
711
712	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: diss_l !<
713	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: flux_l !<
714
715	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: conc !<
716	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: conc_p !<
717	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: tconc_m !<
718
719	END TYPE salsa_variable
720	!
721	!-- Datatype used to store information about the binned size distributions of aerosols
722	TYPE t_section
723
724	REAL(wp) :: dmid !< bin middle diameter (m)
725	REAL(wp) :: vhilim !< bin volume at the high limit
726	REAL(wp) :: vlolim !< bin volume at the low limit
727	REAL(wp) :: vratiohi !< volume ratio between the center and high limit
728	REAL(wp) :: vratiolo !< volume ratio between the center and low limit
729	!******************************************************
730	! ^ Do NOT change the stuff above after initialization !
731	!******************************************************
732	REAL(wp) :: core !< Volume of dry particle
733	REAL(wp) :: dwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter (m)
734	REAL(wp) :: numc !< Number concentration of particles/droplets (#/m3)
735	REAL(wp) :: veqh2o !< Equilibrium H2O concentration for each particle
736
737	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec+1) :: volc !< Volume concentrations (m^3/m^3) of aerosols +
738	!< water. Since most of the stuff in SALSA is hard
739	!< coded, these have to be in the order
740	!< 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
741	END TYPE t_section
742
743	TYPE(salsa_emission_attribute_type) :: aero_emission_att !< emission attributes
744	TYPE(salsa_emission_value_type) :: aero_emission !< emission values
745	TYPE(salsa_emission_mode_type) :: def_modes !< default emission modes
746
747	TYPE(chem_emis_att_type) :: chem_emission_att !< chemistry emission attributes
748
749	TYPE(chem_emis_val_type), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_emission !< chemistry emissions
750
751	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: aero !< local aerosol properties
752
753	TYPE(match_surface) :: lsm_to_depo_h !< to match the deposition module and horizontal LSM surfaces
754	TYPE(match_surface) :: usm_to_depo_h !< to match the deposition module and horizontal USM surfaces
755
756	TYPE(match_surface), DIMENSION(0:3) :: lsm_to_depo_v !< to match the deposition mod. and vertical LSM surfaces
757	TYPE(match_surface), DIMENSION(0:3) :: usm_to_depo_v !< to match the deposition mod. and vertical USM surfaces
758	!
759	!-- SALSA variables: as x = x(k,j,i,bin).
760	!-- The 4th dimension contains all the size bins sequentially for each aerosol species + water.
761	!
762	!-- Prognostic variables:
763	!
764	!-- Number concentration (#/m3)
765	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: aerosol_number !<
766	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_1 !<
767	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_2 !<
768	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_3 !<
769	!
770	!-- Mass concentration (kg/m3)
771	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: aerosol_mass !<
772	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_1 !<
773	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_2 !<
774	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_3 !<
775	!
776	!-- Gaseous concentrations (#/m3)
777	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: salsa_gas !<
778	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_1 !<
779	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_2 !<
780	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_3 !<
781	!
782	!-- Diagnostic tracers
783	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: sedim_vd !< sedimentation velocity per bin (m/s)
784	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ra_dry !< aerosol dry radius (m)
785
786	!-- Particle component index tables
787	TYPE(component_index) :: prtcl !< Contains "getIndex" which gives the index for a given aerosol
788	!< component name: 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
789	!
790	!-- Offline nesting:
791	TYPE(salsa_nest_offl_type) :: salsa_nest_offl !< data structure for offline nesting
792	!
793	!-- Data output arrays:
794	!
795	!-- Gases:
796	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_h2so4_av !< H2SO4
797	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_hno3_av !< HNO3
798	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_nh3_av !< NH3
799	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_ocnv_av !< non-volatile OC
800	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_ocsv_av !< semi-volatile OC
801	!
802	!-- Integrated:
803	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: ldsa_av !< lung-deposited surface area
804	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: ntot_av !< total number concentration
805	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nufp_av !< ultrafine particles (UFP)
806	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm01_av !< PM0.1
807	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm25_av !< PM2.5
808	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm10_av !< PM10
809	!
810	!-- In the particle phase:
811	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_bc_av !< black carbon
812	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_du_av !< dust
813	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_h2o_av !< liquid water
814	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_nh_av !< ammonia
815	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_no_av !< nitrates
816	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_oc_av !< org. carbon
817	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_so4_av !< sulphates
818	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_ss_av !< sea salt
819	!
820	!-- Bin specific mass and number concentrations:
821	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mbins_av !< bin mas
822	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nbins_av !< bin number
823
824	!
825	!-- PALM interfaces:
826
827	INTERFACE salsa_actions
828	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions
829	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions_ij
830	END INTERFACE salsa_actions
831
832	INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
833	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_3d_data_averaging
834	END INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
835
836	INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
837	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds
838	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds_decycle
839	END INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
840
841	INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conditions
842	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conditions
843	END INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conditions
844
845	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
846	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output
847	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
848
849	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output_pr
850	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output_pr
851	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output_pr
852
853	INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
854	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_parameters
855	END INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
856
857	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
858	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_2d
859	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
860
861	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
862	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_3d
863	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
864
865	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
866	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_mask
867	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
868
869	INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
870	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
871	END INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
872
873	INTERFACE salsa_emission_update
874	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_emission_update
875	END INTERFACE salsa_emission_update
876
877	INTERFACE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
878	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
879	END INTERFACE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
880
881	INTERFACE salsa_header
882	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_header
883	END INTERFACE salsa_header
884
885	INTERFACE salsa_init
886	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init
887	END INTERFACE salsa_init
888
889	INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
890	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init_arrays
891	END INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
892
893	INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_bc
894	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_nesting_offl_bc
895	END INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_bc
896
897	INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_init
898	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_nesting_offl_init
899	END INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_init
900
901	INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_input
902	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_nesting_offl_input
903	END INTERFACE salsa_nesting_offl_input
904
905	INTERFACE salsa_non_advective_processes
906	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_non_advective_processes
907	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_non_advective_processes_ij
908	END INTERFACE salsa_non_advective_processes
909
910	INTERFACE salsa_parin
911	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_parin
912	END INTERFACE salsa_parin
913
914	INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
915	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations
916	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations_ij
917	END INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
918
919	INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
920	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_rrd_local
921	END INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
922
923	INTERFACE salsa_statistics
924	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_statistics
925	END INTERFACE salsa_statistics
926
927	INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
928	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_swap_timelevel
929	END INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
930
931	INTERFACE salsa_tendency
932	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency
933	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency_ij
934	END INTERFACE salsa_tendency
935
936	INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
937	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_wrd_local
938	END INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
939
940
941	SAVE
942
943	PRIVATE
944	!
945	!-- Public functions:
946	PUBLIC salsa_3d_data_averaging, &
947	salsa_actions, &
948	salsa_boundary_conds, &
949	salsa_boundary_conditions, &
950	salsa_check_data_output, &
951	salsa_check_data_output_pr, &
952	salsa_check_parameters, &
953	salsa_data_output_2d, &
954	salsa_data_output_3d, &
955	salsa_data_output_mask, &
956	salsa_define_netcdf_grid, &
957	salsa_diagnostics, &
958	salsa_emission_update, &
959	salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds, &
960	salsa_header, &
961	salsa_init, &
962	salsa_init_arrays, &
963	salsa_nesting_offl_bc, &
964	salsa_nesting_offl_init, &
965	salsa_nesting_offl_input, &
966	salsa_non_advective_processes, &
967	salsa_parin, &
968	salsa_prognostic_equations, &
969	salsa_rrd_local, &
970	salsa_statistics, &
971	salsa_swap_timelevel, &
972	salsa_wrd_local
973
974	!
975	!-- Public parameters, constants and initial values
976	PUBLIC bc_am_t_val, &
977	bc_an_t_val, &
978	bc_gt_t_val, &
979	ibc_salsa_b, &
980	init_aerosol_type, &
981	init_gases_type, &
982	nesting_salsa, &
983	nesting_offline_salsa, &
984	salsa_gases_from_chem, &
985	skip_time_do_salsa
986	!
987	!-- Public variables
988	PUBLIC aerosol_mass, &
989	aerosol_number, &
990	gconc_2, &
991	mconc_2, &
992	nbins_aerosol, &
993	ncomponents_mass, &
994	nconc_2, &
995	ngases_salsa, &
996	salsa_gas, &
997	salsa_nest_offl
998
999
1000	CONTAINS
1001
1002	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1003	! Description:
1004	! ------------
1005	!> Parin for &salsa_par for new modules
1006	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1007	SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
1008
1009	USE control_parameters, &
1010	ONLY: data_output_pr
1011
1012	IMPLICIT NONE
1013
1014	CHARACTER(LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of parameter file
1015
1016	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
1017	INTEGER(iwp) :: max_pr_salsa_tmp !< dummy variable
1018
1019	NAMELIST /salsa_parameters/ aerosol_flux_dpg, &
1020	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a, &
1021	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b, &
1022	aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
1023	advect_particle_water, &
1024	bc_salsa_b, &
1025	bc_salsa_t, &
1026	decycle_salsa_lr, &
1027	decycle_method_salsa, &
1028	decycle_salsa_ns, &
1029	depo_pcm_par, &
1030	depo_pcm_type, &
1031	depo_surf_par, &
1032	dpg, &
1033	dt_salsa, &
1034	emiss_factor_main, &
1035	emiss_factor_side, &
1036	feedback_to_palm, &
1037	h2so4_init, &
1038	hno3_init, &
1039	listspec, &
1040	main_street_id, &
1041	mass_fracs_a, &
1042	mass_fracs_b, &
1043	max_street_id, &
1044	n_lognorm, &
1045	nbin, &
1046	nesting_salsa, &
1047	nesting_offline_salsa, &
1048	nf2a, &
1049	nh3_init, &
1050	nj3, &
1051	nlcnd, &
1052	nlcndgas, &
1053	nlcndh2oae, &
1054	nlcoag, &
1055	nldepo, &
1056	nldepo_pcm, &
1057	nldepo_surf, &
1058	nldistupdate, &
1059	nsnucl, &
1060	ocnv_init, &
1061	ocsv_init, &
1062	read_restart_data_salsa, &
1063	reglim, &
1064	salsa, &
1065	salsa_emission_mode, &
1066	season_z01, &
1067	sigmag, &
1068	side_street_id, &
1069	skip_time_do_salsa, &
1070	surface_aerosol_flux, &
1071	van_der_waals_coagc, &
1072	write_binary_salsa
1073
1074	line = ' '
1075	!
1076	!-- Try to find salsa package
1077	REWIND ( 11 )
1078	line = ' '
1079	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&salsa_parameters' ) == 0 )
1080	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
1081	ENDDO
1082	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
1083	!
1084	!-- Read user-defined namelist
1085	READ ( 11, salsa_parameters )
1086	!
1087	!-- Enable salsa (salsa switch in modules.f90)
1088	salsa = .TRUE.
1089
1090	10 CONTINUE
1091	!
1092	!-- Update the number of output profiles
1093	max_pr_salsa_tmp = 0
1094	i = 1
1095	DO WHILE ( data_output_pr(i) /= ' ' .AND. i <= 100 )
1096	IF ( TRIM( data_output_pr(i)(1:6) ) == 'salsa_' ) max_pr_salsa_tmp = max_pr_salsa_tmp + 1
1097	i = i + 1
1098	ENDDO
1099	IF ( max_pr_salsa_tmp > 0 ) max_pr_salsa = max_pr_salsa_tmp
1100
1101	END SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
1102
1103	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1104	! Description:
1105	! ------------
1106	!> Check parameters routine for salsa.
1107	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1108	SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
1109
1110	USE control_parameters, &
1111	ONLY: child_domain, humidity, initializing_actions, nesting_offline
1112
1113	IMPLICIT NONE
1114
1115	!
1116	!-- Check that humidity is switched on
1117	IF ( salsa .AND. .NOT. humidity ) THEN
1118	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'salsa = ', salsa, ' is not allowed with humidity = ', humidity
1119	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0594', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1120	ENDIF
1121	!
1122	!-- For nested runs, explicitly set nesting boundary conditions.
1123	IF ( nesting_salsa .AND. child_domain ) bc_salsa_t = 'nested'
1124	!
1125	!-- Set boundary conditions also in case the model is offline-nested in larger-scale models.
1126	IF ( nesting_offline ) THEN
1127	IF ( nesting_offline_salsa ) THEN
1128	bc_salsa_t = 'nesting_offline'
1129	ELSE
1130	bc_salsa_t = 'neumann'
1131	ENDIF
1132	ENDIF
1133	!
1134	!-- Set bottom boundary condition flag
1135	IF ( bc_salsa_b == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
1136	ibc_salsa_b = 0
1137	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_b == 'neumann' ) THEN
1138	ibc_salsa_b = 1
1139	ELSE
1140	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_b = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
1141	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0595', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1142	ENDIF
1143	!
1144	!-- Set top boundary conditions flag
1145	IF ( bc_salsa_t == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
1146	ibc_salsa_t = 0
1147	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'neumann' ) THEN
1148	ibc_salsa_t = 1
1149	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'initial_gradient' ) THEN
1150	ibc_salsa_t = 2
1151	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'nested' .OR. bc_salsa_t == 'nesting_offline' ) THEN
1152	ibc_salsa_t = 3
1153	ELSE
1154	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_t = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
1155	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0596', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1156	ENDIF
1157	!
1158	!-- Check J3 parametrisation
1159	IF ( nj3 < 1 .OR. nj3 > 3 ) THEN
1160	message_string = 'unknown nj3 (must be 1-3)'
1161	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0597', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1162	ENDIF
1163	!
1164	!-- Check bottom boundary condition in case of surface emissions
1165	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' .AND. ibc_salsa_b == 0 ) THEN
1166	message_string = 'salsa_emission_mode /= "no_emission" requires bc_salsa_b = "Neumann"'
1167	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters','PA0598', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1168	ENDIF
1169	!
1170	!-- Check whether emissions are applied
1171	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' ) include_emission = .TRUE.
1172	!
1173	!-- Set the initialisation type: background concentration are read from PIDS_DYNAMIC if
1174	!-- initializing_actions = 'inifor set_constant_profiles'
1175	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'inifor' ) /= 0 ) THEN
1176	init_aerosol_type = 1
1177	init_gases_type = 1
1178	ENDIF
1179
1180	END SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
1181
1182	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1183	!
1184	! Description:
1185	! ------------
1186	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
1187	!> It is called out from subroutine netcdf.
1188	!> Same grid as for other scalars (see netcdf_interface_mod.f90)
1189	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1190	SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
1191
1192	IMPLICIT NONE
1193
1194	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !<
1195	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !<
1196	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !<
1197	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !<
1198
1199	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
1200
1201	found = .TRUE.
1202	!
1203	!-- Check for the grid
1204
1205	IF ( var(1:6) == 'salsa_' ) THEN ! same grid for all salsa output variables
1206	grid_x = 'x'
1207	grid_y = 'y'
1208	grid_z = 'zu'
1209	ELSE
1210	found = .FALSE.
1211	grid_x = 'none'
1212	grid_y = 'none'
1213	grid_z = 'none'
1214	ENDIF
1215
1216	END SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
1217
1218	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1219	! Description:
1220	! ------------
1221	!> Header output for new module
1222	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1223	SUBROUTINE salsa_header( io )
1224
1225	USE indices, &
1226	ONLY: nx, ny, nz
1227
1228	IMPLICIT NONE
1229
1230	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
1231	!
1232	!-- Write SALSA header
1233	WRITE( io, 1 )
1234	WRITE( io, 2 ) skip_time_do_salsa
1235	WRITE( io, 3 ) dt_salsa
1236	WRITE( io, 4 ) nz, ny, nx, nbins_aerosol
1237	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
1238	WRITE( io, 5 ) nz, ny, nx, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol, advect_particle_water
1239	ELSE
1240	WRITE( io, 5 ) nz, ny, nx, ncc*nbins_aerosol, advect_particle_water
1241	ENDIF
1242	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1243	WRITE( io, 6 ) nz, ny, nx, ngases_salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem
1244	ENDIF
1245	WRITE( io, 7 )
1246	IF ( nsnucl > 0 ) WRITE( io, 8 ) nsnucl, nj3
1247	IF ( nlcoag ) WRITE( io, 9 )
1248	IF ( nlcnd ) WRITE( io, 10 ) nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae
1249	IF ( lspartition ) WRITE( io, 11 )
1250	IF ( nldepo ) WRITE( io, 12 ) nldepo_pcm, nldepo_surf
1251	WRITE( io, 13 ) reglim, nbin, bin_low_limits
1252	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) WRITE( io, 14 ) nsect
1253	WRITE( io, 15 ) ncc, listspec, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
1254	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1255	WRITE( io, 16 ) ngases_salsa, h2so4_init, hno3_init, nh3_init, ocnv_init, ocsv_init
1256	ENDIF
1257	WRITE( io, 17 ) init_aerosol_type, init_gases_type
1258	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) THEN
1259	WRITE( io, 18 ) dpg, sigmag, n_lognorm
1260	ELSE
1261	WRITE( io, 19 )
1262	ENDIF
1263	IF ( nesting_salsa ) WRITE( io, 20 ) nesting_salsa
1264	IF ( nesting_offline_salsa ) WRITE( io, 21 ) nesting_offline_salsa
1265	WRITE( io, 22 ) salsa_emission_mode
1266	IF ( salsa_emission_mode == 'uniform' ) THEN
1267	WRITE( io, 23 ) surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
1268	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a
1269	ENDIF
1270	IF ( SUM( aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b ) > 0.0_wp .OR. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) &
1271	THEN
1272	WRITE( io, 24 )
1273	ENDIF
1274
1275	1 FORMAT (//' SALSA information:'/ &
1276	' ------------------------------'/)
1277	2 FORMAT (' Starts at: skip_time_do_salsa = ', F10.2, ' s')
1278	3 FORMAT (/' Timestep: dt_salsa = ', F6.2, ' s')
1279	4 FORMAT (/' Array shape (z,y,x,bins):'/ &
1280	' aerosol_number: ', 4(I3))
1281	5 FORMAT (/' aerosol_mass: ', 4(I3),/ &
1282	' (advect_particle_water = ', L1, ')')
1283	6 FORMAT (' salsa_gas: ', 4(I3),/ &
1284	' (salsa_gases_from_chem = ', L1, ')')
1285	7 FORMAT (/' Aerosol dynamic processes included: ')
1286	8 FORMAT (/' nucleation (scheme = ', I1, ' and J3 parametrization = ', I1, ')')
1287	9 FORMAT (/' coagulation')
1288	10 FORMAT (/' condensation (of precursor gases = ', L1, ' and water vapour = ', L1, ')' )
1289	11 FORMAT (/' dissolutional growth by HNO3 and NH3')
1290	12 FORMAT (/' dry deposition (on vegetation = ', L1, ' and on topography = ', L1, ')')
1291	13 FORMAT (/' Aerosol bin subrange limits (in metres): ', 3(ES10.2E3), / &
1292	' Number of size bins for each aerosol subrange: ', 2I3,/ &
1293	' Aerosol bin limits (in metres): ', 9(ES10.2E3))
1294	14 FORMAT (' Initial number concentration in bins at the lowest level (#/m**3):', 9(ES10.2E3))
1295	15 FORMAT (/' Number of chemical components used: ', I1,/ &
1296	' Species: ',7(A6),/ &
1297	' Initial relative contribution of each species to particle volume in:',/ &
1298	' a-bins: ', 7(F6.3),/ &
1299	' b-bins: ', 7(F6.3))
1300	16 FORMAT (/' Number of gaseous tracers used: ', I1,/ &
1301	' Initial gas concentrations:',/ &
1302	' H2SO4: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1303	' HNO3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1304	' NH3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1305	' OCNV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1306	' OCSV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3')
1307	17 FORMAT (/' Initialising concentrations: ', / &
1308	' Aerosol size distribution: init_aerosol_type = ', I1,/ &
1309	' Gas concentrations: init_gases_type = ', I1 )
1310	18 FORMAT ( ' Mode diametres: dpg(nmod) = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1311	' Standard deviation: sigmag(nmod) = ', 7(F7.2),/ &
1312	' Number concentration: n_lognorm(nmod) = ', 7(ES12.4E3), ' (#/m3)' )
1313	19 FORMAT (/' Size distribution read from a file.')
1314	20 FORMAT (/' Nesting for salsa variables: ', L1 )
1315	21 FORMAT (/' Offline nesting for salsa variables: ', L1 )
1316	22 FORMAT (/' Emissions: salsa_emission_mode = ', A )
1317	23 FORMAT (/' surface_aerosol_flux = ', ES12.4E3, ' #/m**2/s', / &
1318	' aerosol_flux_dpg = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1319	' aerosol_flux_sigmag = ', 7(F7.2), / &
1320	' aerosol_mass_fracs_a = ', 7(ES12.4E3) )
1321	24 FORMAT (/' (currently all emissions are soluble!)')
1322
1323	END SUBROUTINE salsa_header
1324
1325	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1326	! Description:
1327	! ------------
1328	!> Allocate SALSA arrays and define pointers if required
1329	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1330	SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1331
1332	USE advec_ws, &
1333	ONLY: ws_init_flags_scalar
1334
1335	USE surface_mod, &
1336	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
1337
1338	IMPLICIT NONE
1339
1340	INTEGER(iwp) :: gases_available !< Number of available gas components in the chemistry model
1341	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index for allocating
1342	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< index for indexing chemical components
1343	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for allocating: surfaces
1344	INTEGER(iwp) :: lsp !< loop index for chem species in the chemistry model
1345
1346	gases_available = 0
1347	!
1348	!-- Allocate prognostic variables (see salsa_swap_timelevel)
1349	!
1350	!-- Set derived indices:
1351	!-- (This does the same as the subroutine salsa_initialize in SALSA/UCLALES-SALSA)
1352	start_subrange_1a = 1 ! 1st index of subrange 1a
1353	start_subrange_2a = start_subrange_1a + nbin(1) ! 1st index of subrange 2a
1354	end_subrange_1a = start_subrange_2a - 1 ! last index of subrange 1a
1355	end_subrange_2a = end_subrange_1a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2a
1356
1357	!
1358	!-- If the fraction of insoluble aerosols in subrange 2 is zero: do not allocate arrays for them
1359	IF ( nf2a > 0.999999_wp .AND. SUM( mass_fracs_b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1360	no_insoluble = .TRUE.
1361	start_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a+1 ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1362	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a ! last index of subrange 2b
1363	ELSE
1364	start_subrange_2b = start_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1365	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2b
1366	ENDIF
1367
1368	nbins_aerosol = end_subrange_2b ! total number of aerosol size bins
1369	!
1370	!-- Create index tables for different aerosol components
1371	CALL component_index_constructor( prtcl, ncc, maxspec, listspec )
1372
1373	ncomponents_mass = ncc
1374	IF ( advect_particle_water ) ncomponents_mass = ncc + 1 ! Add water
1375	!
1376	!-- Indices for chemical components used (-1 = not used)
1377	ii = 0
1378	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SO4' ) ) THEN
1379	index_so4 = get_index( prtcl,'SO4' )
1380	ii = ii + 1
1381	ENDIF
1382	IF ( is_used( prtcl,'OC' ) ) THEN
1383	index_oc = get_index(prtcl, 'OC')
1384	ii = ii + 1
1385	ENDIF
1386	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'BC' ) ) THEN
1387	index_bc = get_index( prtcl, 'BC' )
1388	ii = ii + 1
1389	ENDIF
1390	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'DU' ) ) THEN
1391	index_du = get_index( prtcl, 'DU' )
1392	ii = ii + 1
1393	ENDIF
1394	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SS' ) ) THEN
1395	index_ss = get_index( prtcl, 'SS' )
1396	ii = ii + 1
1397	ENDIF
1398	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NO' ) ) THEN
1399	index_no = get_index( prtcl, 'NO' )
1400	ii = ii + 1
1401	ENDIF
1402	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NH' ) ) THEN
1403	index_nh = get_index( prtcl, 'NH' )
1404	ii = ii + 1
1405	ENDIF
1406	!
1407	!-- All species must be known
1408	IF ( ii /= ncc ) THEN
1409	message_string = 'Unknown aerosol species/component(s) given in the initialization'
1410	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: salsa_init', 'PA0600', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1411	ENDIF
1412	!
1413	!-- Allocate:
1414	ALLOCATE( aero(nbins_aerosol), bc_am_t_val(nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass), &
1415	bc_an_t_val(nbins_aerosol), bc_gt_t_val(ngases_salsa), bin_low_limits(nbins_aerosol),&
1416	nsect(nbins_aerosol), massacc(nbins_aerosol) )
1417	ALLOCATE( k_topo_top(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1418	IF ( nldepo ) ALLOCATE( sedim_vd(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1419	ALLOCATE( ra_dry(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1420	!
1421	!-- Initialise the sectional particle size distribution
1422	CALL set_sizebins
1423	!
1424	!-- Aerosol number concentration
1425	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(nbins_aerosol) )
1426	ALLOCATE( nconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1427	nconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1428	nconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1429	nconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1430	nconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1431	nconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1432
1433	DO i = 1, nbins_aerosol
1434	aerosol_number(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1435	aerosol_number(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1436	aerosol_number(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1437	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1438	aerosol_number(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1439	aerosol_number(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1440	aerosol_number(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1441	aerosol_number(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1442	aerosol_number(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1443	aerosol_number(i)%init = nclim
1444	IF ( include_emission .OR. ( nldepo .AND. nldepo_surf ) ) THEN
1445	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%source(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1446	aerosol_number(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1447	ENDIF
1448	ENDDO
1449
1450	!
1451	!-- Aerosol mass concentration
1452	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1453	ALLOCATE( mconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1454	mconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1455	mconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1456	mconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1457	mconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1458	mconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1459
1460	DO i = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1461	aerosol_mass(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1462	aerosol_mass(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1463	aerosol_mass(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1464	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1465	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1466	aerosol_mass(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1467	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1468	aerosol_mass(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1469	aerosol_mass(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1470	aerosol_mass(i)%init = mclim
1471	IF ( include_emission .OR. ( nldepo .AND. nldepo_surf ) ) THEN
1472	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%source(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1473	aerosol_mass(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1474	ENDIF
1475	ENDDO
1476
1477	!
1478	!-- Surface fluxes: answs = aerosol number, amsws = aerosol mass
1479	!
1480	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1481	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1482	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1483	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1484	surf_def_h(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1485	surf_def_h(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1486	ENDDO
1487	!
1488	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1489	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%answs( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1490	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1491	surf_lsm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1492	surf_lsm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1493	!
1494	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1495	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%answs( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1496	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%amsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1497	surf_usm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1498	surf_usm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1499
1500	!
1501	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and westward (l=3) facing
1502	DO l = 0, 3
1503	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1504	surf_def_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1505	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1506	surf_def_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1507
1508	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1509	surf_lsm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1510	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1511	surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1512
1513	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1514	surf_usm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1515	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1516	surf_usm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1517
1518	ENDDO
1519
1520	!
1521	!-- Concentration of gaseous tracers (1. SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV, 5. OCSV)
1522	!-- (number concentration (#/m3) )
1523	!
1524	!-- If chemistry is on, read gas phase concentrations from there. Otherwise,
1525	!-- allocate salsa_gas array.
1526
1527	IF ( air_chemistry ) THEN
1528	DO lsp = 1, nvar
1529	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( chem_species(lsp)%name ) )
1530	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'h2so4' )
1531	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1532	gas_index_chem(1) = lsp
1533	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3' )
1534	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1535	gas_index_chem(2) = lsp
1536	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3' )
1537	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1538	gas_index_chem(3) = lsp
1539	CASE ( 'OCNV', 'ocnv' )
1540	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1541	gas_index_chem(4) = lsp
1542	CASE ( 'OCSV', 'ocsv' )
1543	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1544	gas_index_chem(5) = lsp
1545	END SELECT
1546	ENDDO
1547
1548	IF ( gases_available == ngases_salsa ) THEN
1549	salsa_gases_from_chem = .TRUE.
1550	ELSE
1551	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'SALSA is run together with chemistry but not all gaseous '// &
1552	'components are provided by kpp (H2SO4, HNO3, NH3, OCNV, OCSV)'
1553	CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0599', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1554	ENDIF
1555
1556	ELSE
1557
1558	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(ngases_salsa) )
1559	ALLOCATE( gconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1560	gconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1561	gconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa) )
1562	gconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1563	gconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1564	gconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1565
1566	DO i = 1, ngases_salsa
1567	salsa_gas(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1568	salsa_gas(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1569	salsa_gas(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1570	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1571	salsa_gas(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1572	salsa_gas(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1573	salsa_gas(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1574	salsa_gas(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1575	salsa_gas(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1576	salsa_gas(i)%init = nclim
1577	IF ( include_emission ) THEN
1578	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%source(nys:nys,nxl:nxr) )
1579	salsa_gas(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1580	ENDIF
1581	ENDDO
1582	!
1583	!-- Surface fluxes: gtsws = gaseous tracer flux
1584	!
1585	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1586	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1587	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1588	surf_def_h(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1589	ENDDO
1590	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1591	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1592	surf_lsm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1593	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1594	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1595	surf_usm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1596	!
1597	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and
1598	!-- westward (l=3) facing
1599	DO l = 0, 3
1600	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1601	surf_def_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1602	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1603	surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1604	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1605	surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1606	ENDDO
1607	ENDIF
1608
1609	IF ( ws_scheme_sca ) THEN
1610
1611	IF ( salsa ) THEN
1612	ALLOCATE( sums_salsa_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1613	sums_salsa_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1614	ENDIF
1615
1616	ENDIF
1617	!
1618	!-- Set control flags for decycling only at lateral boundary cores. Within the inner cores the
1619	!-- decycle flag is set to .FALSE.. Even though it does not affect the setting of chemistry boundary
1620	!-- conditions, this flag is used to set advection control flags appropriately.
1621	decycle_salsa_lr = MERGE( decycle_salsa_lr, .FALSE., nxl == 0 .OR. nxr == nx )
1622	decycle_salsa_ns = MERGE( decycle_salsa_ns, .FALSE., nys == 0 .OR. nyn == ny )
1623	!
1624	!-- Decycling can be applied separately for aerosol variables, while wind and other scalars may have
1625	!-- cyclic or nested boundary conditions. However, large gradients near the boundaries may produce
1626	!-- stationary numerical oscillations near the lateral boundaries when a higher-order scheme is
1627	!-- applied near these boundaries. To get rid-off this, set-up additional flags that control the
1628	!-- order of the scalar advection scheme near the lateral boundaries for passive scalars with
1629	!-- decycling.
1630	IF ( scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' ) THEN
1631	ALLOCATE( salsa_advc_flags_s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1632	!
1633	!-- In case of decycling, set Neuman boundary conditions for wall_flags_0 bit 31 instead of
1634	!-- cyclic boundary conditions. Bit 31 is used to identify extended degradation zones (please see
1635	!-- the following comment). Note, since several also other modules may access this bit but may
1636	!-- have other boundary conditions, the original value of wall_flags_0 bit 31 must not be
1637	!-- modified. Hence, store the boundary conditions directly on salsa_advc_flags_s.
1638	!-- salsa_advc_flags_s will be later overwritten in ws_init_flags_scalar and bit 31 won't be used
1639	!-- to control the numerical order.
1640	!-- Initialize with flag 31 only.
1641	salsa_advc_flags_s = 0
1642	salsa_advc_flags_s = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s, 31 ), 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0, 31 ) )
1643
1644	IF ( decycle_salsa_ns ) THEN
1645	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
1646	DO i = 1, nbgp
1647	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys-i,:) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ), &
1648	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ), &
1649	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ) )
1650	ENDDO
1651	ENDIF
1652	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1653	DO i = 1, nbgp
1654	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn+i,:) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ), &
1655	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ), &
1656	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ) )
1657	ENDDO
1658	ENDIF
1659	ENDIF
1660	IF ( decycle_salsa_lr ) THEN
1661	IF ( nxl == 0 ) THEN
1662	DO i = 1, nbgp
1663	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl-i) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ), &
1664	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ), &
1665	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ) )
1666	ENDDO
1667	ENDIF
1668	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1669	DO i = 1, nbgp
1670	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr+i) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ), &
1671	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ), &
1672	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ) )
1673	ENDDO
1674	ENDIF
1675	ENDIF
1676	!
1677	!-- To initialise the advection flags appropriately, pass the boundary flags to
1678	!-- ws_init_flags_scalar. The last argument in ws_init_flags_scalar indicates that a passive
1679	!-- scalar is being treated and the horizontal advection terms are degraded already 2 grid points
1680	!-- before the lateral boundary. Also, extended degradation zones are applied, where
1681	!-- horizontal advection of scalars is discretised by the first-order scheme at all grid points
1682	!-- in the vicinity of buildings (<= 3 grid points). Even though no building is within the
1683	!-- numerical stencil, the first-order scheme is used. At fourth and fifth grid points, the order
1684	!-- of the horizontal advection scheme is successively upgraded.
1685	!-- These degradations of the advection scheme are done to avoid stationary numerical
1686	!-- oscillations, which are responsible for high concentration maxima that may appear e.g. under
1687	!-- shear-free stable conditions.
1688	CALL ws_init_flags_scalar( bc_dirichlet_l .OR. bc_radiation_l .OR. decycle_salsa_lr, &
1689	bc_dirichlet_n .OR. bc_radiation_n .OR. decycle_salsa_ns, &
1690	bc_dirichlet_r .OR. bc_radiation_r .OR. decycle_salsa_lr, &
1691	bc_dirichlet_s .OR. bc_radiation_s .OR. decycle_salsa_ns, &
1692	salsa_advc_flags_s, .TRUE. )
1693	ENDIF
1694
1695
1696	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1697
1698	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1699	! Description:
1700	! ------------
1701	!> Initialization of SALSA. Based on salsa_initialize in UCLALES-SALSA.
1702	!> Subroutines salsa_initialize, SALSAinit and DiagInitAero in UCLALES-SALSA are
1703	!> also merged here.
1704	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1705	SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1706
1707	IMPLICIT NONE
1708
1709	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
1710	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index for aerosol number bins
1711	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index for aerosol mass bins
1712	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index for gases
1713	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
1714
1715	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'salsa_init', 'start' )
1716
1717	bin_low_limits = 0.0_wp
1718	k_topo_top = 0
1719	nsect = 0.0_wp
1720	massacc = 1.0_wp
1721	!
1722	!-- Initialise
1723	IF ( nldepo ) sedim_vd = 0.0_wp
1724
1725	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1726	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
1727	salsa_gas(1)%conc = h2so4_init
1728	salsa_gas(2)%conc = hno3_init
1729	salsa_gas(3)%conc = nh3_init
1730	salsa_gas(4)%conc = ocnv_init
1731	salsa_gas(5)%conc = ocsv_init
1732	ENDIF
1733	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1734	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1735	salsa_gas(ig)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1736	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1737	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1738	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1739	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1740	salsa_gas(ig)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1741	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = salsa_gas(ig)%conc
1742	ENDDO
1743	!
1744	!-- Set initial value for gas compound tracer
1745	salsa_gas(1)%init = h2so4_init
1746	salsa_gas(2)%init = hno3_init
1747	salsa_gas(3)%init = nh3_init
1748	salsa_gas(4)%init = ocnv_init
1749	salsa_gas(5)%init = ocsv_init
1750	ENDIF
1751	!
1752	!-- Aerosol radius in each bin: dry and wet (m)
1753	ra_dry = 1.0E-10_wp
1754	!
1755	!-- Initialise location-dependent aerosol size distributions and chemical compositions:
1756	CALL aerosol_init
1757
1758	!-- Initalisation run of SALSA + calculate the vertical top index of the topography
1759	DO i = nxl, nxr
1760	DO j = nys, nyn
1761
1762	k_topo_top(j,i) = MAXLOC( MERGE( 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,i), 12 ) ), DIM = 1 ) - 1
1763
1764	CALL salsa_driver( i, j, 1 )
1765	CALL salsa_diagnostics( i, j )
1766	ENDDO
1767	ENDDO
1768
1769	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
1770	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p = aerosol_number(ib)%conc
1771	aerosol_number(ib)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1772	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1773	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1774	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1775	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1776	aerosol_number(ib)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1777	ENDDO
1778	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1779	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc_p = aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
1780	aerosol_mass(ic)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1781	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1782	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1783	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1784	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1785	aerosol_mass(ic)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1786	ENDDO
1787	!
1788	!
1789	!-- Initialise the deposition scheme and surface types
1790	IF ( nldepo ) CALL init_deposition
1791
1792	IF ( include_emission ) THEN
1793	!
1794	!-- Read in and initialize emissions
1795	CALL salsa_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1796	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem .AND. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) THEN
1797	CALL salsa_gas_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1798	ENDIF
1799	ENDIF
1800	!
1801	!-- Partition and dissolutional growth by gaseous HNO3 and NH3
1802	IF ( index_no > 0 .AND. index_nh > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) lspartition = .TRUE.
1803
1804	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'salsa_init', 'end' )
1805
1806	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1807
1808	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1809	! Description:
1810	! ------------
1811	!> Initializes particle size distribution grid by calculating size bin limits
1812	!> and mid-size for dry particles in each bin. Called from salsa_initialize
1813	!> (only at the beginning of simulation).
1814	!> Size distribution described using:
1815	!> 1) moving center method (subranges 1 and 2)
1816	!> (Jacobson, Atmos. Env., 31, 131-144, 1997)
1817	!> 2) fixed sectional method (subrange 3)
1818	!> Size bins in each subrange are spaced logarithmically
1819	!> based on given subrange size limits and bin number.
1820	!
1821	!> Mona changed 06/2017: Use geometric mean diameter to describe the mean
1822	!> particle diameter in a size bin, not the arithmeric mean which clearly
1823	!> overestimates the total particle volume concentration.
1824	!
1825	!> Coded by:
1826	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
1827	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
1828	!
1829	!> Bug fixes for box model + updated for the new aerosol datatype:
1830	!> Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
1831	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1832	SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1833
1834	IMPLICIT NONE
1835
1836	INTEGER(iwp) :: cc !< running index
1837	INTEGER(iwp) :: dd !< running index
1838
1839	REAL(wp) :: ratio_d !< ratio of the upper and lower diameter of subranges
1840
1841	aero(:)%dwet = 1.0E-10_wp
1842	aero(:)%veqh2o = 1.0E-10_wp
1843	aero(:)%numc = nclim
1844	aero(:)%core = 1.0E-10_wp
1845	DO cc = 1, maxspec+1 ! 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
1846	aero(:)%volc(cc) = 0.0_wp
1847	ENDDO
1848	!
1849	!-- vlolim&vhilim: min & max dry volumes [fxm]
1850	!-- dmid: bin mid dry diameter (m)
1851	!-- vratiolo&vratiohi: volume ratio between the center and low/high limit
1852	!
1853	!-- 1) Size subrange 1:
1854	ratio_d = reglim(2) / reglim(1) ! section spacing (m)
1855	DO cc = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1856	aero(cc)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc-1 ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1857	aero(cc)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1858	aero(cc)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(cc)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1859	( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1860	aero(cc)%vratiohi = aero(cc)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1861	aero(cc)%vratiolo = aero(cc)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1862	ENDDO
1863	!
1864	!-- 2) Size subrange 2:
1865	!-- 2.1) Sub-subrange 2a: high hygroscopicity
1866	ratio_d = reglim(3) / reglim(2) ! section spacing
1867	DO dd = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
1868	cc = dd - start_subrange_2a
1869	aero(dd)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1870	aero(dd)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc+1 ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1871	aero(dd)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(dd)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1872	( aero(dd)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1873	aero(dd)%vratiohi = aero(dd)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1874	aero(dd)%vratiolo = aero(dd)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1875	ENDDO
1876	!
1877	!-- 2.2) Sub-subrange 2b: low hygroscopicity
1878	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
1879	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vlolim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vlolim
1880	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vhilim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vhilim
1881	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%dmid = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%dmid
1882	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiohi = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiohi
1883	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiolo = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiolo
1884	ENDIF
1885	!
1886	!-- Initialize the wet diameter with the bin dry diameter to avoid numerical problems later
1887	aero(:)%dwet = aero(:)%dmid
1888	!
1889	!-- Save bin limits (lower diameter) to be delivered to PALM if needed
1890	DO cc = 1, nbins_aerosol
1891	bin_low_limits(cc) = ( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
1892	ENDDO
1893
1894	END SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1895
1896	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1897	! Description:
1898	! ------------
1899	!> Initilize altitude-dependent aerosol size distributions and compositions.
1900	!>
1901	!> Mona added 06/2017: Correct the number and mass concentrations by normalizing
1902	!< by the given total number and mass concentration.
1903	!>
1904	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
1905	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1906	SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
1907
1908	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
1909	ONLY: check_existence, close_input_file, get_dimension_length, &
1910	get_attribute, get_variable, &
1911	inquire_num_variables, inquire_variable_names, &
1912	open_read_file
1913
1914	IMPLICIT NONE
1915
1916	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !< chemical component name
1917	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !< variable names
1918
1919	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
1920	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index: x-direction
1921	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index: size bins
1922	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index: chemical components
1923	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_dyn !< NetCDF id of PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1924	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index: gases
1925	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index: y-direction
1926	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index: z-direction
1927	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_aero !< level of detail of inital aerosol concentrations
1928	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
1929	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nbins !< number of aerosol size bins in file
1930	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_ncc !< number of aerosol chemical components in file
1931	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nz !< number of vertical grid-points in file
1932	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< running mode of SALSA
1933	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
1934
1935	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_in2mod
1936
1937	LOGICAL :: netcdf_extend = .FALSE. !< Flag: netcdf file exists
1938
1939	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
1940
1941	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: core !< size of the bin mid aerosol particle
1942
1943	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pnf2a !< number fraction in 2a
1944	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pmfoc1a !< mass fraction of OC in 1a
1945
1946	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol) :: pndist !< vertical profile of size dist. (#/m3)
1947	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2a !< mass distributions in subrange 2a
1948	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2b !< mass distributions in subrange 2b
1949
1950	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_dmid !< vertical profile of aerosol bin diameters
1951	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_z !< z levels of profiles
1952
1953	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_a !< mass fraction: a
1954	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_b !< and b
1955
1956	cc_in2mod = 0
1957	prunmode = 1
1958	!
1959	!-- Bin mean aerosol particle volume (m3)
1960	core(1:nbins_aerosol) = api6 * aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid**3
1961	!
1962	!-- Set concentrations to zero
1963	pndist(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1964	pnf2a(:) = nf2a
1965	pmf2a(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1966	pmf2b(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1967	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1968
1969	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 1 ) THEN
1970	!
1971	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1972	#if defined( __netcdf )
1973	!
1974	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1975	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
1976	IF ( netcdf_extend ) THEN
1977	!
1978	!-- Open file in read-only mode
1979	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
1980	!
1981	!-- At first, inquire all variable names
1982	CALL inquire_num_variables( id_dyn, num_vars )
1983	!
1984	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names
1985	ALLOCATE( var_names(1:num_vars) )
1986	CALL inquire_variable_names( id_dyn, var_names )
1987	!
1988	!-- Inquire vertical dimension and number of aerosol chemical components
1989	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
1990	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
1991	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
1992	'the number of numeric grid points.'
1993	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0601', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1994	ENDIF
1995	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_ncc, 'composition_index' )
1996	!
1997	!-- Allocate memory
1998	ALLOCATE( pr_z(1:pr_nz), pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc), &
1999	pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc) )
2000	pr_mass_fracs_a = 0.0_wp
2001	pr_mass_fracs_b = 0.0_wp
2002	!
2003	!-- Read vertical levels
2004	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'z', pr_z )
2005	!
2006	!-- Read the names of chemical components
2007	IF ( check_existence( var_names, 'composition_name' ) ) THEN
2008	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'composition_name', cc_name, pr_ncc )
2009	ELSE
2010	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Missing composition_name in ' // TRIM( input_file_dynamic )
2011	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0655', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2012	ENDIF
2013	!
2014	!-- Define the index of each chemical component in the model
2015	DO ic = 1, pr_ncc
2016	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( cc_name(ic) ) )
2017	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'SO4', 'h2so4', 'so4' )
2018	cc_in2mod(1) = ic
2019	CASE ( 'OC', 'oc' )
2020	cc_in2mod(2) = ic
2021	CASE ( 'BC', 'bc' )
2022	cc_in2mod(3) = ic
2023	CASE ( 'DU', 'du' )
2024	cc_in2mod(4) = ic
2025	CASE ( 'SS', 'ss' )
2026	cc_in2mod(5) = ic
2027	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3', 'NO3', 'no3', 'NO', 'no' )
2028	cc_in2mod(6) = ic
2029	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3', 'NH4', 'nh4', 'NH', 'nh' )
2030	cc_in2mod(7) = ic
2031	END SELECT
2032	ENDDO
2033
2034	IF ( SUM( cc_in2mod ) == 0 ) THEN
2035	message_string = 'None of the aerosol chemical components in ' // TRIM( &
2036	input_file_dynamic ) // ' correspond to ones applied in SALSA.'
2037	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0602', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2038	ENDIF
2039	!
2040	!-- Vertical profiles of mass fractions of different chemical components:
2041	IF ( check_existence( var_names, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a' ) ) THEN
2042	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a', pr_mass_fracs_a, &
2043	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
2044	ELSE
2045	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Missing init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a in ' // &
2046	TRIM( input_file_dynamic )
2047	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0656', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2048	ENDIF
2049	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_b', pr_mass_fracs_b, &
2050	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
2051	!
2052	!-- Match the input data with the chemical composition applied in the model
2053	DO ic = 1, maxspec
2054	ss = cc_in2mod(ic)
2055	IF ( ss == 0 ) CYCLE
2056	pmf2a(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt,ss)
2057	pmf2b(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt,ss)
2058	ENDDO
2059	!
2060	!-- Aerosol concentrations: lod=1 (vertical profile of sectional number size distribution)
2061	CALL get_attribute( id_dyn, 'lod', lod_aero, .FALSE., 'init_atmosphere_aerosol' )
2062	IF ( lod_aero /= 1 ) THEN
2063	message_string = 'Currently only lod=1 accepted for init_atmosphere_aerosol'
2064	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0603', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2065	ELSE
2066	!
2067	!-- Bin mean diameters in the input file
2068	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nbins, 'Dmid')
2069	IF ( pr_nbins /= nbins_aerosol ) THEN
2070	message_string = 'Number of size bins in init_atmosphere_aerosol does not match ' &
2071	// 'with that applied in the model'
2072	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0604', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2073	ENDIF
2074
2075	ALLOCATE( pr_dmid(pr_nbins) )
2076	pr_dmid = 0.0_wp
2077
2078	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'Dmid', pr_dmid )
2079	!
2080	!-- Check whether the sectional representation conform to the one
2081	!-- applied in the model
2082	IF ( ANY( ABS( ( aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid - pr_dmid ) / &
2083	aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid ) > 0.1_wp ) ) THEN
2084	message_string = 'Mean diameters of the aerosol size bins in ' // TRIM( &
2085	input_file_dynamic ) // ' do not match with the sectional '// &
2086	'representation of the model.'
2087	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0605', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2088	ENDIF
2089	!
2090	!-- Inital aerosol concentrations
2091	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_aerosol', pndist(nzb+1:nzt,:), &
2092	0, pr_nbins-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
2093	ENDIF
2094	!
2095	!-- Set bottom and top boundary condition (Neumann)
2096	pmf2a(nzb,:) = pmf2a(nzb+1,:)
2097	pmf2a(nzt+1,:) = pmf2a(nzt,:)
2098	pmf2b(nzb,:) = pmf2b(nzb+1,:)
2099	pmf2b(nzt+1,:) = pmf2b(nzt,:)
2100	pndist(nzb,:) = pndist(nzb+1,:)
2101	pndist(nzt+1,:) = pndist(nzt,:)
2102
2103	IF ( index_so4 < 0 ) THEN
2104	pmf2a(:,1) = 0.0_wp
2105	pmf2b(:,1) = 0.0_wp
2106	ENDIF
2107	IF ( index_oc < 0 ) THEN
2108	pmf2a(:,2) = 0.0_wp
2109	pmf2b(:,2) = 0.0_wp
2110	ENDIF
2111	IF ( index_bc < 0 ) THEN
2112	pmf2a(:,3) = 0.0_wp
2113	pmf2b(:,3) = 0.0_wp
2114	ENDIF
2115	IF ( index_du < 0 ) THEN
2116	pmf2a(:,4) = 0.0_wp
2117	pmf2b(:,4) = 0.0_wp
2118	ENDIF
2119	IF ( index_ss < 0 ) THEN
2120	pmf2a(:,5) = 0.0_wp
2121	pmf2b(:,5) = 0.0_wp
2122	ENDIF
2123	IF ( index_no < 0 ) THEN
2124	pmf2a(:,6) = 0.0_wp
2125	pmf2b(:,6) = 0.0_wp
2126	ENDIF
2127	IF ( index_nh < 0 ) THEN
2128	pmf2a(:,7) = 0.0_wp
2129	pmf2b(:,7) = 0.0_wp
2130	ENDIF
2131
2132	IF ( SUM( pmf2a ) < 0.00001_wp .AND. SUM( pmf2b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
2133	message_string = 'Error in initialising mass fractions of chemical components. ' // &
2134	'Check that all chemical components are included in parameter file!'
2135	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0606', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2136	ENDIF
2137	!
2138	!-- Then normalise the mass fraction so that SUM = 1
2139	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2140	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
2141	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
2142	ENDDO
2143
2144	DEALLOCATE( pr_z, pr_mass_fracs_a, pr_mass_fracs_b )
2145
2146	ELSE
2147	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
2148	' for SALSA missing!'
2149	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0607', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2150	!
2151	!-- Close input file
2152	CALL close_input_file( id_dyn )
2153	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
2154
2155	#else
2156	message_string = 'init_aerosol_type = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used '// &
2157	'in compiling!'
2158	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0608', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2159
2160	#endif
2161
2162	ELSEIF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) THEN
2163	!
2164	!-- Mass fractions for species in a and b-bins
2165	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2166	pmf2a(:,1) = mass_fracs_a(index_so4)
2167	pmf2b(:,1) = mass_fracs_b(index_so4)
2168	ENDIF
2169	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2170	pmf2a(:,2) = mass_fracs_a(index_oc)
2171	pmf2b(:,2) = mass_fracs_b(index_oc)
2172	ENDIF
2173	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2174	pmf2a(:,3) = mass_fracs_a(index_bc)
2175	pmf2b(:,3) = mass_fracs_b(index_bc)
2176	ENDIF
2177	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2178	pmf2a(:,4) = mass_fracs_a(index_du)
2179	pmf2b(:,4) = mass_fracs_b(index_du)
2180	ENDIF
2181	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2182	pmf2a(:,5) = mass_fracs_a(index_ss)
2183	pmf2b(:,5) = mass_fracs_b(index_ss)
2184	ENDIF
2185	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2186	pmf2a(:,6) = mass_fracs_a(index_no)
2187	pmf2b(:,6) = mass_fracs_b(index_no)
2188	ENDIF
2189	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2190	pmf2a(:,7) = mass_fracs_a(index_nh)
2191	pmf2b(:,7) = mass_fracs_b(index_nh)
2192	ENDIF
2193	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2194	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
2195	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
2196	ENDDO
2197
2198	CALL size_distribution( n_lognorm, dpg, sigmag, nsect )
2199	!
2200	!-- Normalize by the given total number concentration
2201	nsect = nsect * SUM( n_lognorm ) / SUM( nsect )
2202	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
2203	pndist(:,ib) = nsect(ib)
2204	ENDDO
2205	ENDIF
2206
2207	IF ( init_gases_type == 1 ) THEN
2208	!
2209	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_CHEM
2210	#if defined( __netcdf )
2211	!
2212	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
2213	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
2214	IF ( netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2215	!
2216	!-- Open file in read-only mode
2217	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
2218	!
2219	!-- Inquire dimensions:
2220	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
2221	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
2222	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
2223	'the number of numeric grid points.'
2224	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0609', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2225	ENDIF
2226	!
2227	!-- Read vertical profiles of gases:
2228	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_H2SO4', salsa_gas(1)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2229	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_HNO3', salsa_gas(2)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2230	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_NH3', salsa_gas(3)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2231	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_OCNV', salsa_gas(4)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2232	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_OCSV', salsa_gas(5)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2233	!
2234	!-- Set Neumann top and surface boundary condition for initial + initialise concentrations
2235	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2236	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb+1)
2237	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt+1) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt)
2238	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2239	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2240	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(k,:,:) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(k)
2241	ENDDO
2242	ENDIF
2243	ENDDO
2244
2245	ELSEIF ( .NOT. netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2246	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
2247	' for SALSA missing!'
2248	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0610', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2249	!
2250	!-- Close input file
2251	CALL close_input_file( id_dyn )
2252	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
2253	#else
2254	message_string = 'init_gases_type = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used in '//&
2255	'compiling!'
2256	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0611', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2257
2258	#endif
2259
2260	ENDIF
2261	!
2262	!-- Both SO4 and OC are included, so use the given mass fractions
2263	IF ( index_oc > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2264	pmfoc1a(:) = pmf2a(:,2) / ( pmf2a(:,2) + pmf2a(:,1) ) ! Normalize
2265	!
2266	!-- Pure organic carbon
2267	ELSEIF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2268	pmfoc1a(:) = 1.0_wp
2269	!
2270	!-- Pure SO4
2271	ELSEIF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2272	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
2273
2274	ELSE
2275	message_string = 'Either OC or SO4 must be active for aerosol region 1a!'
2276	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0612', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2277	ENDIF
2278
2279	!
2280	!-- Initialize concentrations
2281	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2282	DO j = nysg, nyng
2283	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2284	!
2285	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2286	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2287	!
2288	!-- a) Number concentrations
2289	!-- Region 1:
2290	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
2291	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2292	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = pndist(k,ib) * flag
2293	ENDIF
2294	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2295	aerosol_number(ib)%init = pndist(:,ib)
2296	ENDIF
2297	ENDDO
2298	!
2299	!-- Region 2:
2300	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
2301	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
2302	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2303	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pnf2a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * flag
2304	ENDIF
2305	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2306	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
2307	ENDIF
2308	ENDDO
2309	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2310	DO ib = start_subrange_2b, end_subrange_2b
2311	IF ( pnf2a(k) < 1.0_wp ) THEN
2312	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2313	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2314	pndist(k,ib) * flag
2315	ENDIF
2316	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2317	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
2318	ENDIF
2319	ENDIF
2320	ENDDO
2321	ENDIF
2322	ENDIF
2323	!
2324	!-- b) Aerosol mass concentrations
2325	!-- bin subrange 1: done here separately due to the SO4/OC convention
2326	!
2327	!-- SO4:
2328	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2329	ss = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
2330	ee = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
2331	ib = start_subrange_1a
2332	DO ic = ss, ee
2333	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2334	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * &
2335	pndist(k,ib) * core(ib) * arhoh2so4 * flag
2336	ENDIF
2337	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2338	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) &
2339	* core(ib) * arhoh2so4
2340	ENDIF
2341	ib = ib+1
2342	ENDDO
2343	ENDIF
2344	!
2345	!-- OC:
2346	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2347	ss = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
2348	ee = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
2349	ib = start_subrange_1a
2350	DO ic = ss, ee
2351	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2352	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2353	core(ib) * arhooc * flag
2354	ENDIF
2355	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2356	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2357	core(ib) * arhooc
2358	ENDIF
2359	ib = ib+1
2360	ENDDO
2361	ENDIF
2362	ENDDO !< k
2363
2364	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2365
2366	ENDDO !< j
2367	ENDDO !< i
2368
2369	!
2370	!-- c) Aerosol mass concentrations
2371	!-- bin subrange 2:
2372	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
2373
2374	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2375	CALL set_aero_mass( index_so4, pmf2a(:,1), pmf2b(:,1), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoh2so4 )
2376	ENDIF
2377	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2378	CALL set_aero_mass( index_oc, pmf2a(:,2), pmf2b(:,2), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhooc )
2379	ENDIF
2380	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2381	CALL set_aero_mass( index_bc, pmf2a(:,3), pmf2b(:,3), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhobc )
2382	ENDIF
2383	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2384	CALL set_aero_mass( index_du, pmf2a(:,4), pmf2b(:,4), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhodu )
2385	ENDIF
2386	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2387	CALL set_aero_mass( index_ss, pmf2a(:,5), pmf2b(:,5), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoss )
2388	ENDIF
2389	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2390	CALL set_aero_mass( index_no, pmf2a(:,6), pmf2b(:,6), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhohno3 )
2391	ENDIF
2392	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2393	CALL set_aero_mass( index_nh, pmf2a(:,7), pmf2b(:,7), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhonh3 )
2394	ENDIF
2395
2396	ENDIF
2397
2398	END SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
2399
2400	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2401	! Description:
2402	! ------------
2403	!> Create a lognormal size distribution and discretise to a sectional
2404	!> representation.
2405	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2406	SUBROUTINE size_distribution( in_ntot, in_dpg, in_sigma, psd_sect )
2407
2408	IMPLICIT NONE
2409
2410	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< running index: bin
2411	INTEGER(iwp) :: iteration !< running index: iteration
2412
2413	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2414	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2415	REAL(wp) :: delta_d !< (d2-d1)/10
2416	REAL(wp) :: deltadp !< bin width
2417	REAL(wp) :: dmidi !< ( d1 + d2 ) / 2
2418
2419	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_dpg !< geometric mean diameter (m)
2420	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_ntot !< number conc. (#/m3)
2421	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_sigma !< standard deviation
2422
2423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: psd_sect !< sectional size distribution
2424
2425	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
2426	psd_sect(ib) = 0.0_wp
2427	!
2428	!-- Particle diameter at the low limit (largest in the bin) (m)
2429	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2430	!
2431	!-- Particle diameter at the high limit (smallest in the bin) (m)
2432	d2 = ( aero(ib)%vhilim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2433	!
2434	!-- Span of particle diameter in a bin (m)
2435	delta_d = 0.1_wp * ( d2 - d1 )
2436	!
2437	!-- Iterate:
2438	DO iteration = 1, 10
2439	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp + ( ib - 1) delta_d
2440	d2 = d1 + delta_d
2441	dmidi = 0.5_wp * ( d1 + d2 )
2442	deltadp = LOG10( d2 / d1 )
2443	!
2444	!-- Size distribution
2445	!-- in_ntot = total number, total area, or total volume concentration
2446	!-- in_dpg = geometric-mean number, area, or volume diameter
2447	!-- n(k) = number, area, or volume concentration in a bin
2448	psd_sect(ib) = psd_sect(ib) + SUM( in_ntot * deltadp / ( SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) * &
2449	LOG10( in_sigma ) ) * EXP( -LOG10( dmidi / in_dpg )**2.0_wp / &
2450	( 2.0_wp * LOG10( in_sigma ) ** 2.0_wp ) ) )
2451
2452	ENDDO
2453	ENDDO
2454
2455	END SUBROUTINE size_distribution
2456
2457	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2458	! Description:
2459	! ------------
2460	!> Sets the mass concentrations to aerosol arrays in 2a and 2b.
2461	!>
2462	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
2463	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2464	SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass( ispec, pmf2a, pmf2b, pnf2a, pndist, pcore, prho )
2465
2466	IMPLICIT NONE
2467
2468	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
2469	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
2470	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2471	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2472	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index
2473	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2474	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< 1 = initialise
2475	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
2476
2477	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: ispec !< Aerosol species index
2478
2479	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2480
2481	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prho !< Aerosol density
2482
2483	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pcore !< Aerosol bin mid core volume
2484	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pnf2a !< Number fraction for 2a
2485	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2a !< Mass distributions for a
2486	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2b !< and b bins
2487
2488	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pndist !< Aerosol size distribution
2489
2490	prunmode = 1
2491
2492	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2493	DO j = nysg, nyng
2494	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2495	!
2496	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2497	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2498	!
2499	!-- Regime 2a:
2500	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2a
2501	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2a
2502	ib = start_subrange_2a
2503	DO ic = ss, ee
2504	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2505	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib)&
2506	* pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2507	ENDIF
2508	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2509	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2510	pcore(ib) * prho
2511	ENDIF
2512	ib = ib + 1
2513	ENDDO
2514	!
2515	!-- Regime 2b:
2516	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2517	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2b
2518	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2b
2519	ib = start_subrange_2a
2520	DO ic = ss, ee
2521	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2522	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k))&
2523	* pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2524	ENDIF
2525	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2526	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2527	pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho
2528	ENDIF
2529	ib = ib + 1
2530	ENDDO ! c
2531
2532	ENDIF
2533	ENDDO ! k
2534
2535	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2536
2537	ENDDO ! j
2538	ENDDO ! i
2539
2540	END SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass
2541
2542	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2543	! Description:
2544	! ------------
2545	!> Initialise the matching between surface types in LSM and deposition models.
2546	!> Do the matching based on Zhang et al. (2001). Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560
2547	!> (here referred as Z01).
2548	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2549	SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2550
2551	USE surface_mod, &
2552	ONLY: surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2553
2554	IMPLICIT NONE
2555
2556	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for vertical surfaces
2557
2558	LOGICAL :: match_lsm !< flag to initilise LSM surfaces (if false, initialise USM surfaces)
2559
2560	IF ( depo_pcm_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
2561	depo_pcm_par_num = 1
2562	ELSEIF ( depo_pcm_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
2563	depo_pcm_par_num = 2
2564	ENDIF
2565
2566	IF ( depo_surf_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
2567	depo_surf_par_num = 1
2568	ELSEIF ( depo_surf_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
2569	depo_surf_par_num = 2
2570	ENDIF
2571	!
2572	!-- LSM: Pavement, vegetation and water
2573	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. land_surface ) THEN
2574	match_lsm = .TRUE.
2575	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg(1:surf_lsm_h%ns), &
2576	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw(1:surf_lsm_h%ns), &
2577	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww(1:surf_lsm_h%ns) )
2578	lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg = 0
2579	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw = 0
2580	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww = 0
2581	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_lsm_h, lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg, lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw, &
2582	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww, match_lsm )
2583	DO l = 0, 3
2584	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns), &
2585	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns), &
2586	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2587	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg = 0
2588	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw = 0
2589	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww = 0
2590	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_lsm_v(l), lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg, &
2591	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw, lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww, match_lsm )
2592	ENDDO
2593	ENDIF
2594	!
2595	!-- USM: Green roofs/walls, wall surfaces and windows
2596	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. urban_surface ) THEN
2597	match_lsm = .FALSE.
2598	ALLOCATE( usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg(1:surf_usm_h%ns), &
2599	usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw(1:surf_usm_h%ns), &
2600	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww(1:surf_usm_h%ns) )
2601	usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg = 0
2602	usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw = 0
2603	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww = 0
2604	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_usm_h, usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg, usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw, &
2605	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww, match_lsm )
2606	DO l = 0, 3
2607	ALLOCATE( usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns), &
2608	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns), &
2609	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns) )
2610	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg = 0
2611	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw = 0
2612	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww = 0
2613	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_usm_v(l), usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg, &
2614	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw, usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww, match_lsm )
2615	ENDDO
2616	ENDIF
2617
2618	IF ( nldepo_pcm ) THEN
2619	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_type )
2620	CASE ( 'evergreen_needleleaf' )
2621	depo_pcm_type_num = 1
2622	CASE ( 'evergreen_broadleaf' )
2623	depo_pcm_type_num = 2
2624	CASE ( 'deciduous_needleleaf' )
2625	depo_pcm_type_num = 3
2626	CASE ( 'deciduous_broadleaf' )
2627	depo_pcm_type_num = 4
2628	CASE DEFAULT
2629	message_string = 'depo_pcm_type not set correctly.'
2630	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_deposition', 'PA0613', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2631	END SELECT
2632	ENDIF
2633
2634	END SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2635
2636	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2637	! Description:
2638	! ------------
2639	!> Match the surface types in PALM and Zhang et al. 2001 deposition module
2640	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2641	SUBROUTINE match_sm_zhang( surf, match_pav_green, match_veg_wall, match_wat_win, match_lsm )
2642
2643	USE surface_mod, &
2644	ONLY: ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_type
2645
2646	IMPLICIT NONE
2647
2648	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< index for surface elements
2649	INTEGER(iwp) :: pav_type_palm !< pavement / green wall type in PALM
2650	INTEGER(iwp) :: veg_type_palm !< vegetation / wall type in PALM
2651	INTEGER(iwp) :: wat_type_palm !< water / window type in PALM
2652
2653	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_pav_green !< matching pavement/green walls
2654	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_veg_wall !< matching vegetation/walls
2655	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_wat_win !< matching water/windows
2656
2657	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: match_lsm !< flag to initilise LSM surfaces (if false, initialise USM)
2658
2659	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(in) :: surf !< respective surface type
2660
2661	DO m = 1, surf%ns
2662	IF ( match_lsm ) THEN
2663	!
2664	!-- Vegetation (LSM):
2665	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2666	veg_type_palm = surf%vegetation_type(m)
2667	SELECT CASE ( veg_type_palm )
2668	CASE ( 0 )
2669	message_string = 'No vegetation type defined.'
2670	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_depo_surfaces', 'PA0614', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2671	CASE ( 1 ) ! bare soil
2672	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2673	CASE ( 2 ) ! crops, mixed farming
2674	match_veg_wall(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2675	CASE ( 3 ) ! short grass
2676	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2677	CASE ( 4 ) ! evergreen needleleaf trees
2678	match_veg_wall(m) = 1 ! evergreen needleleaf trees in Z01
2679	CASE ( 5 ) ! deciduous needleleaf trees
2680	match_veg_wall(m) = 3 ! deciduous needleleaf trees in Z01
2681	CASE ( 6 ) ! evergreen broadleaf trees
2682	match_veg_wall(m) = 2 ! evergreen broadleaf trees in Z01
2683	CASE ( 7 ) ! deciduous broadleaf trees
2684	match_veg_wall(m) = 4 ! deciduous broadleaf trees in Z01
2685	CASE ( 8 ) ! tall grass
2686	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2687	CASE ( 9 ) ! desert
2688	match_veg_wall(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2689	CASE ( 10 ) ! tundra
2690	match_veg_wall(m) = 9 ! tundra in Z01
2691	CASE ( 11 ) ! irrigated crops
2692	match_veg_wall(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2693	CASE ( 12 ) ! semidesert
2694	match_veg_wall(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2695	CASE ( 13 ) ! ice caps and glaciers
2696	match_veg_wall(m) = 12 ! ice cap and glacier in Z01
2697	CASE ( 14 ) ! bogs and marshes
2698	match_veg_wall(m) = 11 ! wetland with plants in Z01
2699	CASE ( 15 ) ! evergreen shrubs
2700	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2701	CASE ( 16 ) ! deciduous shrubs
2702	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2703	CASE ( 17 ) ! mixed forest/woodland
2704	match_veg_wall(m) = 5 ! mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees in Z01
2705	CASE ( 18 ) ! interrupted forest
2706	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2707	END SELECT
2708	ENDIF
2709	!
2710	!-- Pavement (LSM):
2711	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2712	pav_type_palm = surf%pavement_type(m)
2713	IF ( pav_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2714	message_string = 'No pavement type defined.'
2715	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_sm_zhang', 'PA0615', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2716	ELSE
2717	match_pav_green(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2718	ENDIF
2719	ENDIF
2720	!
2721	!-- Water (LSM):
2722	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2723	wat_type_palm = surf%water_type(m)
2724	IF ( wat_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2725	message_string = 'No water type defined.'
2726	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_sm_zhang', 'PA0616', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2727	ELSEIF ( wat_type_palm == 3 ) THEN
2728	match_wat_win(m) = 14 ! ocean in Z01
2729	ELSEIF ( wat_type_palm == 1 .OR. wat_type_palm == 2 .OR. wat_type_palm == 4 &
2730	.OR. wat_type_palm == 5 ) THEN
2731	match_wat_win(m) = 13 ! inland water in Z01
2732	ENDIF
2733	ENDIF
2734	ELSE
2735	!
2736	!-- Wall surfaces (USM):
2737	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2738	match_veg_wall(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2739	ENDIF
2740	!
2741	!-- Green walls and roofs (USM):
2742	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2743	match_pav_green(m) = 6 ! (short) grass in Z01
2744	ENDIF
2745	!
2746	!-- Windows (USM):
2747	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2748	match_wat_win(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2749	ENDIF
2750	ENDIF
2751
2752	ENDDO
2753
2754	END SUBROUTINE match_sm_zhang
2755
2756	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2757	! Description:
2758	! ------------
2759	!> Swapping of timelevels
2760	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2761	SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel( mod_count )
2762
2763	IMPLICIT NONE
2764
2765	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2766	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2767	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !<
2768	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2769
2770	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: mod_count !<
2771
2772	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= skip_time_do_salsa ) THEN
2773
2774	SELECT CASE ( mod_count )
2775
2776	CASE ( 0 )
2777
2778	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2779	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2780	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2781
2782	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2783	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2784	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2785	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2786	ENDDO
2787	ENDDO
2788
2789	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2790	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2791	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2792	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2793	ENDDO
2794	ENDIF
2795
2796	CASE ( 1 )
2797
2798	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2799	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2800	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2801	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2802	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2803	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2804	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2805	ENDDO
2806	ENDDO
2807
2808	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2809	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2810	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2811	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2812	ENDDO
2813	ENDIF
2814
2815	END SELECT
2816
2817	ENDIF
2818
2819	END SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel
2820
2821
2822	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2823	! Description:
2824	! ------------
2825	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
2826	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2827	SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local( k, nxlf, nxlc, nxl_on_file, nxrf, nxrc, nxr_on_file, nynf, nync, &
2828	nyn_on_file, nysf, nysc, nys_on_file, tmp_3d, found )
2829
2830	USE control_parameters, &
2831	ONLY: length, restart_string
2832
2833	IMPLICIT NONE
2834
2835	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2836	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2837	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2838	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
2839	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlc !<
2840	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlf !<
2841	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_on_file !<
2842	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrc !<
2843	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrf !<
2844	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_on_file !<
2845	INTEGER(iwp) :: nync !<
2846	INTEGER(iwp) :: nynf !<
2847	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_on_file !<
2848	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysc !<
2849	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysf !<
2850	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_on_file !<
2851
2852	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
2853
2854	REAL(wp), &
2855	DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp,nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_3d !<
2856
2857	found = .FALSE.
2858
2859	IF ( read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2860
2861	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
2862
2863	CASE ( 'aerosol_number' )
2864	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2865	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2866	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2867	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2868	found = .TRUE.
2869	ENDDO
2870
2871	CASE ( 'aerosol_mass' )
2872	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass * nbins_aerosol
2873	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2874	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2875	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2876	found = .TRUE.
2877	ENDDO
2878
2879	CASE ( 'salsa_gas' )
2880	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2881	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2882	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2883	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2884	found = .TRUE.
2885	ENDDO
2886
2887	CASE DEFAULT
2888	found = .FALSE.
2889
2890	END SELECT
2891	ENDIF
2892
2893	END SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local
2894
2895	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2896	! Description:
2897	! ------------
2898	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
2899	!> Note that the following input variables in PARIN have to be equal between
2900	!> restart runs:
2901	!> listspec, nbin, nbin2, nf2a, ncc, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
2902	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2903	SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2904
2905	USE control_parameters, &
2906	ONLY: write_binary
2907
2908	IMPLICIT NONE
2909
2910	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2911	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2912	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2913
2914	IF ( write_binary .AND. write_binary_salsa ) THEN
2915
2916	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_number' )
2917	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2918	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_number(ib)%conc
2919	ENDDO
2920
2921	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_mass' )
2922	DO ic = 1, nbins_aerosol * ncomponents_mass
2923	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
2924	ENDDO
2925
2926	CALL wrd_write_string( 'salsa_gas' )
2927	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2928	WRITE ( 14 ) salsa_gas(ig)%conc
2929	ENDDO
2930
2931	ENDIF
2932
2933	END SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2934
2935	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2936	! Description:
2937	! ------------
2938	!> Performs necessary unit and dimension conversion between the host model and
2939	!> SALSA module, and calls the main SALSA routine.
2940	!> Partially adobted form the original SALSA boxmodel version.
2941	!> Now takes masses in as kg/kg from LES!! Converted to m3/m3 for SALSA
2942	!> 05/2016 Juha: This routine is still pretty much in its original shape.
2943	!> It's dumb as a mule and twice as ugly, so implementation of
2944	!> an improved solution is necessary sooner or later.
2945	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
2946	!> Jaakko Ahola, FMI, 2016
2947	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
2948	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2949	SUBROUTINE salsa_driver( i, j, prunmode )
2950
2951	USE arrays_3d, &
2952	ONLY: pt_p, q_p, u, v, w
2953
2954	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
2955	ONLY: lad_s
2956
2957	USE surface_mod, &
2958	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2959
2960	IMPLICIT NONE
2961
2962	INTEGER(iwp) :: endi !< end index
2963	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2964	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2965	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index
2966	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_wall !< vertical index of topography top
2967	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2968	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index
2969	INTEGER(iwp) :: nc_h2o !< index of H2O in the prtcl index table
2970	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< loop index
2971	INTEGER(iwp) :: str !< start index
2972	INTEGER(iwp) :: vc !< default index in prtcl
2973
2974	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
2975	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
2976	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode !< 1: Initialization, 2: Spinup, 3: Regular runtime
2977
2978	REAL(wp) :: cw_old !< previous H2O mixing ratio
2979	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2980	REAL(wp) :: in_lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
2981	REAL(wp) :: in_rh !< relative humidity
2982	REAL(wp) :: zgso4 !< SO4
2983	REAL(wp) :: zghno3 !< HNO3
2984	REAL(wp) :: zgnh3 !< NH3
2985	REAL(wp) :: zgocnv !< non-volatile OC
2986	REAL(wp) :: zgocsv !< semi-volatile OC
2987
2988	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_adn !< air density (kg/m3)
2989	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cs !< H2O sat. vapour conc.
2990	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cw !< H2O vapour concentration
2991	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_p !< pressure (Pa)
2992	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_t !< temperature (K)
2993	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_u !< wind magnitude (m/s)
2994	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air(m2/s)
2995	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: ppm_to_nconc !< Conversion factor from ppm to #/m3
2996
2997	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
2998	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: vd !< particle fall seed (m/s)
2999
3000	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: lo_aero !< additional variable for OpenMP
3001	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: aero_old !< helper array
3002
3003	aero_old(:)%numc = 0.0_wp
3004	in_lad = 0.0_wp
3005	in_u = 0.0_wp
3006	kvis = 0.0_wp
3007	lo_aero = aero
3008	schmidt_num = 0.0_wp
3009	vd = 0.0_wp
3010	zgso4 = nclim
3011	zghno3 = nclim
3012	zgnh3 = nclim
3013	zgocnv = nclim
3014	zgocsv = nclim
3015	!
3016	!-- Aerosol number is always set, but mass can be uninitialized
3017	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3018	lo_aero(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
3019	aero_old(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
3020	ENDDO
3021	!
3022	!-- Set the salsa runtime config (How to make this more efficient?)
3023	CALL set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
3024	!
3025	!-- Calculate thermodynamic quantities needed in SALSA
3026	CALL salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij=in_p, temp_ij=in_t, cw_ij=in_cw, cs_ij=in_cs, adn_ij=in_adn )
3027	!
3028	!-- Magnitude of wind: needed for deposition
3029	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
3030	in_u(nzb+1:nzt) = SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i+1) ) )**2 + &
3031	( 0.5_wp * ( v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j+1,i) ) )**2 + &
3032	( 0.5_wp * ( w(nzb:nzt-1,j,i) + w(nzb+1:nzt,j, i) ) )**2 )
3033	ENDIF
3034	!
3035	!-- Calculate conversion factors for gas concentrations
3036	ppm_to_nconc(:) = for_ppm_to_nconc * in_p(:) / in_t(:)
3037	!
3038	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
3039	k_wall = k_topo_top(j,i)
3040
3041	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
3042	!
3043	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
3044	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
3045	!
3046	!-- Wind velocity for dry depositon on vegetation
3047	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy ) THEN
3048	in_lad = lad_s( MAX( k-k_wall,0 ),j,i)
3049	ENDIF
3050	!
3051	!-- For initialization and spinup, limit the RH with the parameter rhlim
3052	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
3053	in_cw(k) = MIN( in_cw(k), in_cs(k) * rhlim )
3054	ELSE
3055	in_cw(k) = in_cw(k)
3056	ENDIF
3057	cw_old = in_cw(k) !* in_adn(k)
3058	!
3059	!-- Set volume concentrations:
3060	!-- Sulphate (SO4) or sulphuric acid H2SO4
3061	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
3062	vc = 1
3063	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 ! start index
3064	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol ! end index
3065	ic = 1
3066	DO ss = str, endi
3067	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2so4
3068	ic = ic+1
3069	ENDDO
3070	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3071	ENDIF
3072	!
3073	!-- Organic carbon (OC) compounds
3074	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
3075	vc = 2
3076	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3077	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
3078	ic = 1
3079	DO ss = str, endi
3080	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhooc
3081	ic = ic+1
3082	ENDDO
3083	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3084	ENDIF
3085	!
3086	!-- Black carbon (BC)
3087	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
3088	vc = 3
3089	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3090	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
3091	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3092	DO ss = str, endi
3093	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhobc
3094	ic = ic+1
3095	ENDDO
3096	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3097	ENDIF
3098	!
3099	!-- Dust (DU)
3100	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
3101	vc = 4
3102	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3103	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
3104	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3105	DO ss = str, endi
3106	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhodu
3107	ic = ic+1
3108	ENDDO
3109	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3110	ENDIF
3111	!
3112	!-- Sea salt (SS)
3113	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
3114	vc = 5
3115	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3116	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
3117	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3118	DO ss = str, endi
3119	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoss
3120	ic = ic+1
3121	ENDDO
3122	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3123	ENDIF
3124	!
3125	!-- Nitrate (NO(3-)) or nitric acid HNO3
3126	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
3127	vc = 6
3128	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3129	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
3130	ic = 1
3131	DO ss = str, endi
3132	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhohno3
3133	ic = ic+1
3134	ENDDO
3135	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3136	ENDIF
3137	!
3138	!-- Ammonium (NH(4+)) or ammonia NH3
3139	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
3140	vc = 7
3141	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3142	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
3143	ic = 1
3144	DO ss = str, endi
3145	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhonh3
3146	ic = ic+1
3147	ENDDO
3148	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3149	ENDIF
3150	!
3151	!-- Water (always used)
3152	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3153	vc = 8
3154	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3155	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3156	ic = 1
3157	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
3158	DO ss = str, endi
3159	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2o
3160	ic = ic+1
3161	ENDDO
3162	ELSE
3163	lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = mclim
3164	ENDIF
3165	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3166	!
3167	!-- Number concentrations (numc) and particle sizes
3168	!-- (dwet = wet diameter, core = dry volume)
3169	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3170	lo_aero(ib)%numc = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i)
3171	aero_old(ib)%numc = lo_aero(ib)%numc
3172	IF ( lo_aero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3173	lo_aero(ib)%dwet = ( SUM( lo_aero(ib)%volc(:) ) / lo_aero(ib)%numc / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3174	lo_aero(ib)%core = SUM( lo_aero(ib)%volc(1:7) ) / lo_aero(ib)%numc
3175	ELSE
3176	lo_aero(ib)%dwet = lo_aero(ib)%dmid
3177	lo_aero(ib)%core = api6 * ( lo_aero(ib)%dwet )**3
3178	ENDIF
3179	ENDDO
3180	!
3181	!-- Calculate the ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of particles with
3182	!-- water using the ZSR method.
3183	in_rh = in_cw(k) / in_cs(k)
3184	IF ( prunmode==1 .OR. .NOT. advect_particle_water ) THEN
3185	CALL equilibration( in_rh, in_t(k), lo_aero, .TRUE. )
3186	ENDIF
3187	!
3188	!-- Gaseous tracer concentrations in #/m3
3189	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
3190	!
3191	!-- Convert concentrations in ppm to #/m3
3192	zgso4 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(1))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3193	zghno3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(2))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3194	zgnh3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(3))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3195	zgocnv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(4))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3196	zgocsv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(5))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3197	ELSE
3198	zgso4 = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i)
3199	zghno3 = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i)
3200	zgnh3 = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i)
3201	zgocnv = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i)
3202	zgocsv = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i)
3203	ENDIF
3204	!
3205	!-- Calculate aerosol processes:
3206	!-- *********************************************************************************************
3207	!
3208	!-- Coagulation
3209	IF ( lscoag ) THEN
3210	CALL coagulation( lo_aero, dt_salsa, in_t(k), in_p(k) )
3211	ENDIF
3212	!
3213	!-- Condensation
3214	IF ( lscnd ) THEN
3215	CALL condensation( lo_aero, zgso4, zgocnv, zgocsv, zghno3, zgnh3, in_cw(k), in_cs(k), &
3216	in_t(k), in_p(k), dt_salsa, prtcl )
3217	ENDIF
3218	!
3219	!-- Deposition
3220	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
3221	CALL deposition( lo_aero, in_t(k), in_adn(k), in_u(k), in_lad, kvis(k), schmidt_num(k,:),&
3222	vd(k,:) )
3223	ENDIF
3224	!
3225	!-- Size distribution bin update
3226	IF ( lsdistupdate ) THEN
3227	CALL distr_update( lo_aero )
3228	ENDIF
3229	!-- *********************************************************************************************
3230
3231	IF ( lsdepo ) sedim_vd(k,j,i,:) = vd(k,:)
3232	!
3233	!-- Calculate changes in concentrations
3234	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3235	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ib)%numc - &
3236	aero_old(ib)%numc ) * flag
3237	ENDDO
3238
3239	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
3240	vc = 1
3241	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3242	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol
3243	ic = 1
3244	DO ss = str, endi
3245	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3246	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2so4 * flag
3247	ic = ic+1
3248	ENDDO
3249	ENDIF
3250
3251	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
3252	vc = 2
3253	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3254	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
3255	ic = 1
3256	DO ss = str, endi
3257	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3258	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhooc * flag
3259	ic = ic+1
3260	ENDDO
3261	ENDIF
3262
3263	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
3264	vc = 3
3265	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3266	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
3267	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3268	DO ss = str, endi
3269	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3270	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhobc * flag
3271	ic = ic+1
3272	ENDDO
3273	ENDIF
3274
3275	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
3276	vc = 4
3277	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3278	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
3279	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3280	DO ss = str, endi
3281	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3282	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhodu * flag
3283	ic = ic+1
3284	ENDDO
3285	ENDIF
3286
3287	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
3288	vc = 5
3289	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3290	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
3291	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3292	DO ss = str, endi
3293	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3294	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoss * flag
3295	ic = ic+1
3296	ENDDO
3297	ENDIF
3298
3299	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
3300	vc = 6
3301	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3302	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
3303	ic = 1
3304	DO ss = str, endi
3305	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3306	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhohno3 * flag
3307	ic = ic+1
3308	ENDDO
3309	ENDIF
3310
3311	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
3312	vc = 7
3313	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3314	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
3315	ic = 1
3316	DO ss = str, endi
3317	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3318	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhonh3 * flag
3319	ic = ic+1
3320	ENDDO
3321	ENDIF
3322
3323	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
3324	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3325	vc = 8
3326	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3327	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3328	ic = 1
3329	DO ss = str, endi
3330	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3331	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o * flag
3332	ic = ic+1
3333	ENDDO
3334	ENDIF
3335	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
3336	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3337	vc = 8
3338	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3339	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3340	ic = 1
3341	DO ss = str, endi
3342	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k) = MAX( aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k), ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
3343	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o )
3344	IF ( k == nzb+1 ) THEN
3345	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k-1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3346	ELSEIF ( k == nzt ) THEN
3347	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k+1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3348	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k+1,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3349	ENDIF
3350	ic = ic+1
3351	ENDDO
3352	ENDIF
3353	!
3354	!-- Condensation of precursor gases
3355	IF ( lscndgas ) THEN
3356	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
3357	!
3358	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
3359	ig = gas_index_chem(1)
3360	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 / &
3361	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3362	!
3363	!-- HNO3
3364	ig = gas_index_chem(2)
3365	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 / &
3366	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3367	!
3368	!-- NH3
3369	ig = gas_index_chem(3)
3370	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 / &
3371	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3372	!
3373	!-- non-volatile OC
3374	ig = gas_index_chem(4)
3375	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv / &
3376	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3377	!
3378	!-- semi-volatile OC
3379	ig = gas_index_chem(5)
3380	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv / &
3381	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3382
3383	ELSE
3384	!
3385	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
3386	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 - &
3387	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3388	!
3389	!-- HNO3
3390	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 - &
3391	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3392	!
3393	!-- NH3
3394	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 - &
3395	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3396	!
3397	!-- non-volatile OC
3398	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv - &
3399	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3400	!
3401	!-- semi-volatile OC
3402	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv - &
3403	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3404	ENDIF
3405	ENDIF
3406	!
3407	!-- Tendency of water vapour mixing ratio is obtained from the change in RH during SALSA run.
3408	!-- This releases heat and changes pt. Assumes no temperature change during SALSA run.
3409	!-- q = r / (1+r), Euler method for integration
3410	!
3411	IF ( feedback_to_palm ) THEN
3412	q_p(k,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i) + 1.0_wp / ( in_cw(k) * in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 &
3413	( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) * flag
3414	pt_p(k,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i) + alv / c_p * ( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) / ( in_cw(k) / &
3415	in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 pt_p(k,j,i) / in_t(k) * flag
3416	ENDIF
3417
3418	ENDDO ! k
3419
3420	!
3421	!-- Set surfaces and wall fluxes due to deposition
3422	IF ( lsdepo .AND. lsdepo_surf .AND. prunmode == 3 ) THEN
3423	IF ( .NOT. land_surface .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN
3424	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_h(0), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
3425	DO l = 0, 3
3426	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE. )
3427	ENDDO
3428	ELSE
3429	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE., usm_to_depo_h )
3430	DO l = 0, 3
3431	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., &
3432	usm_to_depo_v(l) )
3433	ENDDO
3434	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE., lsm_to_depo_h )
3435	DO l = 0, 3
3436	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., &
3437	lsm_to_depo_v(l) )
3438	ENDDO
3439	ENDIF
3440	ENDIF
3441
3442	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
3443	!$OMP MASTER
3444	aero = lo_aero
3445	!$OMP END MASTER
3446	END IF
3447
3448	END SUBROUTINE salsa_driver
3449
3450	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3451	! Description:
3452	! ------------
3453	!> Set logical switches according to the salsa_parameters options.
3454	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
3455	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
3456	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3457	SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
3458
3459	IMPLICIT NONE
3460
3461	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode
3462
3463	SELECT CASE(prunmode)
3464
3465	CASE(1) !< Initialization
3466	lscoag = .FALSE.
3467	lscnd = .FALSE.
3468	lscndgas = .FALSE.
3469	lscndh2oae = .FALSE.
3470	lsdepo = .FALSE.
3471	lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE.
3472	lsdepo_surf = .FALSE.
3473	lsdistupdate = .TRUE.
3474	lspartition = .FALSE.
3475
3476	CASE(2) !< Spinup period
3477	lscoag = ( .FALSE. .AND. nlcoag )
3478	lscnd = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcnd )
3479	lscndgas = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndgas )
3480	lscndh2oae = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndh2oae )
3481
3482	CASE(3) !< Run
3483	lscoag = nlcoag
3484	lscnd = nlcnd
3485	lscndgas = nlcndgas
3486	lscndh2oae = nlcndh2oae
3487	lsdepo = nldepo
3488	lsdepo_pcm = nldepo_pcm
3489	lsdepo_surf = nldepo_surf
3490	lsdistupdate = nldistupdate
3491	END SELECT
3492
3493
3494	END SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime
3495
3496	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3497	! Description:
3498	! ------------
3499	!> Calculates the absolute temperature (using hydrostatic pressure), saturation
3500	!> vapour pressure and mixing ratio over water, relative humidity and air
3501	!> density needed in the SALSA model.
3502	!> NOTE, no saturation adjustment takes place -> the resulting water vapour
3503	!> mixing ratio can be supersaturated, allowing the microphysical calculations
3504	!> in SALSA.
3505	!
3506	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014 (original SALSAthrm)
3507	!> Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017 (adjustment for PALM and only aerosol processes)
3508	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3509	SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij, temp_ij, cw_ij, cs_ij, adn_ij )
3510
3511	USE arrays_3d, &
3512	ONLY: pt, q, zu
3513
3514	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
3515	ONLY: barometric_formula, exner_function, ideal_gas_law_rho, magnus
3516
3517	IMPLICIT NONE
3518
3519	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !<
3520	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !<
3521
3522	REAL(wp) :: t_surface !< absolute surface temperature (K)
3523
3524	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: e_s !< saturation vapour pressure over water (Pa)
3525
3526	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: adn_ij !< air density (kg/m3)
3527	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: p_ij !< air pressure (Pa)
3528	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: temp_ij !< air temperature (K)
3529
3530	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cw_ij !< water vapour concentration (kg/m3)
3531	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cs_ij !< saturation water vap. conc.(kg/m3)
3532	!
3533	!-- Pressure p_ijk (Pa) = hydrostatic pressure
3534	t_surface = pt_surface * exner_function( surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3535	p_ij(:) = barometric_formula( zu, t_surface, surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3536	!
3537	!-- Absolute ambient temperature (K)
3538	temp_ij(:) = pt(:,j,i) * exner_function( p_ij(:) )
3539	!
3540	!-- Air density
3541	adn_ij(:) = ideal_gas_law_rho( p_ij(:), temp_ij(:) )
3542	!
3543	!-- Water vapour concentration r_v (kg/m3)
3544	IF ( PRESENT( cw_ij ) ) THEN
3545	cw_ij(:) = ( q(:,j,i) / ( 1.0_wp - q(:,j,i) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3546	ENDIF
3547	!
3548	!-- Saturation mixing ratio r_s (kg/kg) from vapour pressure at temp (Pa)
3549	IF ( PRESENT( cs_ij ) ) THEN
3550	e_s(:) = 611.0_wp * EXP( alv_d_rv * ( 3.6609E-3_wp - 1.0_wp / &
3551	temp_ij(:) ) )! magnus( temp_ij(:) )
3552	cs_ij(:) = ( 0.622_wp * e_s / ( p_ij(:) - e_s(:) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3553	ENDIF
3554
3555	END SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij
3556
3557	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3558	! Description:
3559	! ------------
3560	!> Calculates ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of
3561	!> particles with water using the ZSR method (Stokes and Robinson, 1966).
3562	!> Method:
3563	!> Following chemical components are assumed water-soluble
3564	!> - (ammonium) sulphate (100%)
3565	!> - sea salt (100 %)
3566	!> - organic carbon (epsoc * 100%)
3567	!> Exact thermodynamic considerations neglected.
3568	!> - If particles contain no sea salt, calculation according to sulphate
3569	!> properties
3570	!> - If contain sea salt but no sulphate, calculation according to sea salt
3571	!> properties
3572	!> - If contain both sulphate and sea salt -> the molar fraction of these
3573	!> compounds determines which one of them is used as the basis of calculation.
3574	!> If sulphate and sea salt coexist in a particle, it is assumed that the Cl is
3575	!> replaced by sulphate; thus only either sulphate + organics or sea salt +
3576	!> organics is included in the calculation of soluble fraction.
3577	!> Molality parameterizations taken from Table 1 of Tang: Thermodynamic and
3578	!> optical properties of mixed-salt aerosols of atmospheric importance,
3579	!> J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D2), 1883-1893 (1997)
3580	!
3581	!> Coded by:
3582	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
3583	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
3584	!> Matti Niskanen(FMI) 2012
3585	!> Anton Laakso (FMI) 2013
3586	!> Modified for the new aerosol datatype, Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
3587	!
3588	!> fxm: should sea salt form a solid particle when prh is very low (even though
3589	!> it could be mixed with e.g. sulphate)?
3590	!> fxm: crashes if no sulphate or sea salt
3591	!> fxm: do we really need to consider Kelvin effect for subrange 2
3592	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3593	SUBROUTINE equilibration( prh, ptemp, paero, init )
3594
3595	IMPLICIT NONE
3596
3597	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3598	INTEGER(iwp) :: counti !< loop index
3599
3600	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: init !< TRUE: Initialization, FALSE: Normal runtime: update water
3601	!< content only for 1a
3602
3603	REAL(wp) :: zaw !< water activity [0-1]
3604	REAL(wp) :: zcore !< Volume of dry particle
3605	REAL(wp) :: zdold !< Old diameter
3606	REAL(wp) :: zdwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter
3607	REAL(wp) :: zke !< Kelvin term in the KÃ¶hler equation
3608	REAL(wp) :: zlwc !< liquid water content [kg/m3-air]
3609	REAL(wp) :: zrh !< Relative humidity
3610
3611	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zbinmol !< binary molality of each components (mol/kg)
3612	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zvpart !< volume of chem. compounds in one particle
3613
3614	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prh !< relative humidity [0-1]
3615	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptemp !< temperature (K)
3616
3617	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3618
3619	zaw = 0.0_wp
3620	zlwc = 0.0_wp
3621	!
3622	!-- Relative humidity:
3623	zrh = prh
3624	zrh = MAX( zrh, 0.05_wp )
3625	zrh = MIN( zrh, 0.98_wp)
3626	!
3627	!-- 1) Regime 1: sulphate and partly water-soluble OC. Done for every CALL
3628	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a ! size bin
3629
3630	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3631	zdold = 1.0_wp
3632	zke = 1.02_wp
3633
3634	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3635	!
3636	!-- Volume in one particle
3637	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3638	zvpart(1:2) = paero(ib)%volc(1:2) / paero(ib)%numc
3639	zvpart(6:7) = paero(ib)%volc(6:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3640	!
3641	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle
3642	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:2) )
3643	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3644
3645	counti = 0
3646	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-2_wp )
3647
3648	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3649	zaw = MAX( 1.0E-3_wp, zrh / zke ) ! To avoid underflow
3650	!
3651	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3652	!-- Sulphate
3653	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3654	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3655	!-- Organic carbon
3656	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3657	!-- Nitric acid
3658	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - 6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw**2 &
3659	+ 5.510176187E+2_wp * zaw*3 - 1.460055286E+3_wp zaw**4 &
3660	+ 1.894467542E+3_wp * zaw*5 - 1.220611402E+3_wp zaw**6 &
3661	+ 3.098597737E+2_wp * zaw**7
3662	!
3663	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air) using ZSR (see e.g. Eq. 10.98 in
3664	!-- Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3665	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3666	epsoc * paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3667	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3/amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6)
3668	!
3669	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3670	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3671	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3672	!
3673	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006)). Avoid
3674	!-- overflow.
3675	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * ptemp * zdwet ) ) )
3676
3677	counti = counti + 1
3678	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3679	message_string = 'Subrange 1: no convergence!'
3680	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0617', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3681	ENDIF
3682	ENDDO
3683	!
3684	!-- Instead of lwc, use the volume concentration of water from now on
3685	!-- (easy to convert...)
3686	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3687	!
3688	!-- If this is initialization, update the core and wet diameter
3689	IF ( init ) THEN
3690	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3691	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3692	ENDIF
3693
3694	ELSE
3695	!-- If initialization
3696	!-- 1.2) empty bins given bin average values
3697	IF ( init ) THEN
3698	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3699	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3700	ENDIF
3701
3702	ENDIF
3703
3704	ENDDO ! ib
3705	!
3706	!-- 2) Regime 2a: sulphate, OC, BC and sea salt
3707	!-- This is done only for initialization call, otherwise the water contents
3708	!-- are computed via condensation
3709	IF ( init ) THEN
3710	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2b
3711	!
3712	!-- Initialize
3713	zke = 1.02_wp
3714	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3715	zdold = 1.0_wp
3716	!
3717	!-- 1) Particle properties calculated for non-empty bins
3718	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3719	!
3720	!-- Volume in one particle [fxm]
3721	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3722	zvpart(1:7) = paero(ib)%volc(1:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3723	!
3724	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle [fxm]
3725	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:5) )
3726	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3727
3728	counti = 0
3729	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-12_wp )
3730
3731	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3732	zaw = zrh / zke
3733	!
3734	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3735	!-- Sulphate
3736	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3737	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3738	!-- Organic carbon
3739	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3740	!-- Nitric acid
3741	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - &
3742	6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw*2 + 5.510176187E+2_wp zaw**3 - &
3743	1.460055286E+3_wp * zaw*4 + 1.894467542E+3_wp zaw**5 - &
3744	1.220611402E+3_wp * zaw*6 + 3.098597737E+2_wp zaw**7
3745	!-- Sea salt (natrium chloride)
3746	zbinmol(5) = 5.875248E+1_wp - 1.8781997E+2_wp * zaw + 2.7211377E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3747	1.8458287E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 4.153689E+1_wp zaw**4
3748	!
3749	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air)
3750	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3751	epsoc * ( paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3752	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3 / amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6) + &
3753	( paero(ib)%volc(5) * ( arhoss / amss ) ) / zbinmol(5)
3754
3755	!-- Particle wet radius (m)
3756	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3757	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3758	!
3759	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3760	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * zdwet * ptemp ) ) )
3761
3762	counti = counti + 1
3763	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3764	message_string = 'Subrange 2: no convergence!'
3765	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0618', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3766	ENDIF
3767	ENDDO
3768	!
3769	!-- Liquid water content; instead of LWC use the volume concentration
3770	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3771	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3772	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3773
3774	ELSE
3775	!-- 2.2) empty bins given bin average values
3776	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3777	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3778	ENDIF
3779
3780	ENDDO ! ib
3781	ENDIF
3782
3783	END SUBROUTINE equilibration
3784
3785	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3786	!> Description:
3787	!> ------------
3788	!> Calculation of the settling velocity vc (m/s) per aerosol size bin and
3789	!> deposition on plant canopy (lsdepo_pcm).
3790	!
3791	!> Deposition is based on either the scheme presented in:
3792	!> Zhang et al. (2001), Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560 (includes collection due to
3793	!> Brownian diffusion, impaction, interception and sedimentation; hereafter ZO1)
3794	!> OR
3795	!> Petroff & Zhang (2010), Geosci. Model Dev. 3, 753-769 (includes also
3796	!> collection due to turbulent impaction, hereafter P10)
3797	!
3798	!> Equation numbers refer to equation in Jacobson (2005): Fundamentals of
3799	!> Atmospheric Modeling, 2nd Edition.
3800	!
3801	!> Subroutine follows closely sedim_SALSA in UCLALES-SALSA written by Juha
3802	!> Tonttila (KIT/FMI) and Zubair Maalick (UEF).
3803	!> Rewritten to PALM by Mona Kurppa (UH), 2017.
3804	!
3805	!> Call for grid point i,j,k
3806	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3807
3808	SUBROUTINE deposition( paero, tk, adn, mag_u, lad, kvis, schmidt_num, vc )
3809
3810	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
3811	ONLY: cdc
3812
3813	IMPLICIT NONE
3814
3815	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3816	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3817
3818	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3819	REAL(wp) :: avis !< molecular viscocity of air (kg/(m*s))
3820	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3821	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3822	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3823	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3824	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3825	REAL(wp) :: depo !< deposition velocity (m/s)
3826	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3827	REAL(wp) :: lambda !< molecular mean free path (m)
3828	REAL(wp) :: mdiff !< particle diffusivity coefficient
3829	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3830	!< Table 3 in Z01
3831	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3832	REAL(wp) :: pdn !< particle density (kg/m3)
3833	REAL(wp) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3834	REAL(wp) :: va !< thermal speed of an air molecule (m/s)
3835
3836	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: adn !< air density (kg/m3)
3837	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3838	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3839	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: tk !< abs.temperature (K)
3840
3841	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3842
3843	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: beta !< Cunningham slip-flow correction factor
3844	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: Kn !< Knudsen number
3845	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: zdwet !< wet diameter (m)
3846
3847	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3848	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: vc !< critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity of
3849	!< an aerosol particle (m/s)
3850
3851	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3852	!
3853	!-- Initialise
3854	depo = 0.0_wp
3855	pdn = 1500.0_wp ! default value
3856	ustar = 0.0_wp
3857	!
3858	!-- Molecular viscosity of air (Eq. 4.54)
3859	avis = 1.8325E-5_wp * ( 416.16_wp / ( tk + 120.0_wp ) ) * ( tk / 296.16_wp )**1.5_wp
3860	!
3861	!-- Kinematic viscosity (Eq. 4.55)
3862	kvis = avis / adn
3863	!
3864	!-- Thermal velocity of an air molecule (Eq. 15.32)
3865	va = SQRT( 8.0_wp * abo * tk / ( pi * am_airmol ) )
3866	!
3867	!-- Mean free path (m) (Eq. 15.24)
3868	lambda = 2.0_wp * avis / ( adn * va )
3869	!
3870	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3871	zdwet = paero(:)%dwet
3872	!
3873	!-- Knudsen number (Eq. 15.23)
3874	Kn = MAX( 1.0E-2_wp, lambda / ( zdwet * 0.5_wp ) ) ! To avoid underflow
3875	!
3876	!-- Cunningham slip-flow correction (Eq. 15.30)
3877	beta = 1.0_wp + Kn * ( 1.249_wp + 0.42_wp * EXP( -0.87_wp / Kn ) )
3878	!
3879	!-- Critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity (Eq. 20.4)
3880	vc = MIN( 1.0_wp, zdwet*2 ( pdn - adn ) * g * beta / ( 18.0_wp * avis ) )
3881	!
3882	!-- Deposition on vegetation
3883	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy .AND. lad > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3884	!
3885	!-- Parameters for the land use category 'deciduous broadleaf trees'(Table 3)
3886	alpha = alpha_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3887	gamma = gamma_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3888	par_a = A_z01(depo_pcm_type_num, season_z01) * 1.0E-3_wp
3889	!
3890	!-- Deposition efficiencies from Table 1. Constants from Table 2.
3891	par_l = l_p10(depo_pcm_type_num) * 0.01_wp
3892	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3893	c_interception = c_in_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3894	c_impaction = c_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3895	beta_im = beta_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3896	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3897
3898	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3899
3900	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < ( 2.0_wp * nclim ) ) CYCLE
3901
3902	!-- Particle diffusivity coefficient (Eq. 15.29)
3903	mdiff = ( abo * tk * beta(ib) ) / ( 3.0_wp * pi * avis * zdwet(ib) )
3904	!
3905	!-- Particle Schmidt number (Eq. 15.36)
3906	schmidt_num(ib) = kvis / mdiff
3907	!
3908	!-- Friction velocity for deposition on vegetation. Calculated following Prandtl (1925):
3909	ustar = SQRT( cdc ) * mag_u
3910	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_par_num )
3911
3912	CASE ( 1 ) ! Zhang et al. (2001)
3913	CALL depo_vel_Z01( vc(ib), ustar, schmidt_num(ib), paero(ib)%dwet, alpha, gamma, &
3914	par_a, depo )
3915	CASE ( 2 ) ! Petroff & Zhang (2010)
3916	CALL depo_vel_P10( vc(ib), mag_u, ustar, kvis, schmidt_num(ib), paero(ib)%dwet, &
3917	par_l, c_brownian_diff, c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, &
3918	c_turb_impaction, depo )
3919	END SELECT
3920	!
3921	!-- Calculate the change in concentrations
3922	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc - depo * lad * paero(ib)%numc * dt_salsa
3923	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1
3924	paero(ib)%volc(ic) = paero(ib)%volc(ic) - depo * lad * paero(ib)%volc(ic) * dt_salsa
3925	ENDDO
3926	ENDDO
3927
3928	ENDIF
3929
3930	END SUBROUTINE deposition
3931
3932	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3933	! Description:
3934	! ------------
3935	!> Calculate deposition velocity (m/s) based on Zhan et al. (2001, case 1).
3936	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3937
3938	SUBROUTINE depo_vel_Z01( vc, ustar, schmidt_num, diameter, alpha, gamma, par_a, depo )
3939
3940	IMPLICIT NONE
3941
3942	REAL(wp) :: rs !< overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3943	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3944
3945	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3946	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3947	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic diameter of
3948	!< collectors, Table 3 in Z01
3949	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diameter !< particle diameter
3950	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3951	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3952	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3953
3954	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: depo !< deposition efficiency (m/s)
3955
3956	IF ( par_a > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3957	!
3958	!-- Initialise
3959	rs = 0.0_wp
3960	!
3961	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3962	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_a )
3963	!
3964	!-- The overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles (Zhang et al., Eq. 5)
3965	rs = MAX( EPSILON( 1.0_wp ), ( 3.0_wp * ustar * EXP( -stokes_num*0.5_wp ) &
3966	( schmidt_num( -gamma ) + ( stokes_num / ( alpha + stokes_num ) )2 + &
3967	0.5_wp * ( diameter / par_a )**2 ) ) )
3968
3969	depo = rs + vc
3970
3971	ELSE
3972	depo = 0.0_wp
3973	ENDIF
3974
3975	END SUBROUTINE depo_vel_Z01
3976
3977	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3978	! Description:
3979	! ------------
3980	!> Calculate deposition velocity (m/s) based on Petroff & Zhang (2010, case 2).
3981	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3982
3983	SUBROUTINE depo_vel_P10( vc, mag_u, ustar, kvis_a, schmidt_num, diameter, par_l, c_brownian_diff, &
3984	c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, c_turb_impaction, depo )
3985
3986	IMPLICIT NONE
3987
3988	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3989	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3990	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3991	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3992	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3993	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3994
3995	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3996	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_brownian_diff</