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salsa_mod.f90 @ 4256

Last change on this file since 4256 was 4256, checked in by monakurppa, 4 years ago
update test case urban_environment_salsa
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1	!> @file salsa_mod.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM-4U.
4	!
5	! PALM-4U is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM-4U is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2018-2019 University of Helsinki
18	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
19	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
20	!
21	! Current revisions:
22	! -----------------
23	!
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: salsa_mod.f90 4256 2019-10-07 10:08:52Z monakurppa $
28	! Document previous changes: use global variables nx, ny and nz in salsa_header
29	!
30	! 4255 2019-10-04 11:50:55Z monakurppa
31	! implement new palm_date_time_mod
32	!
33	! 4226 2019-09-10 17:03:24Z suehring
34	! Netcdf input routine for dimension length renamed
35	!
36	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
37	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
38	!
39	! 4167 2019-08-16 11:01:48Z suehring
40	! Changed behaviour of masked output over surface to follow terrain and ignore
41	! buildings (J.Resler, T.Gronemeier)
42	!
43	! 4131 2019-08-02 11:06:18Z monakurppa
44	! - Add "salsa_" before each salsa output variable
45	! - Add a possibility to output the number (salsa_N_UFP) and mass concentration
46	! (salsa_PM0.1) of ultrafine particles, i.e. particles with a diameter smaller
47	! than 100 nm
48	! - Implement aerosol emission mode "parameterized" which is based on the street
49	! type (similar to the chemistry module).
50	! - Remove unnecessary nucleation subroutines.
51	! - Add the z-dimension for gaseous emissions to correspond the implementation
52	! in the chemistry module
53	!
54	! 4118 2019-07-25 16:11:45Z suehring
55	! - When Dirichlet condition is applied in decycling, the boundary conditions are
56	! only set at the ghost points and not at the prognostic grid points as done
57	! before
58	! - Rename decycle_ns/lr to decycle_salsa_ns/lr and decycle_method to
59	! decycle_method_salsa
60	! - Allocation and initialization of special advection flags salsa_advc_flags_s
61	! used for salsa. These are exclusively used for salsa variables to
62	! distinguish from the usually-used flags which might be different when
63	! decycling is applied in combination with cyclic boundary conditions.
64	! Moreover, salsa_advc_flags_s considers extended zones around buildings where
65	! the first-order upwind scheme is applied for the horizontal advection terms.
66	! This is done to overcome high concentration peaks due to stationary numerical
67	! oscillations caused by horizontal advection discretization.
68	!
69	! 4117 2019-07-25 08:54:02Z monakurppa
70	! Pass integer flag array as well as boundary flags to WS scalar advection
71	! routine
72	!
73	! 4109 2019-07-22 17:00:34Z suehring
74	! Slightly revise setting of boundary conditions at horizontal walls, use
75	! data-structure offset index instead of pre-calculate it for each facing
76	!
77	! 4079 2019-07-09 18:04:41Z suehring
78	! Application of monotonic flux limiter for the vertical scalar advection
79	! up to the topography top (only for the cache-optimized version at the
80	! moment).
81	!
82	! 4069 2019-07-01 14:05:51Z Giersch
83	! Masked output running index mid has been introduced as a local variable to
84	! avoid runtime error (Loop variable has been modified) in time_integration
85	!
86	! 4058 2019-06-27 15:25:42Z knoop
87	! Bugfix: to_be_resorted was uninitialized in case of s_H2O in 3d_data_averaging
88	!
89	! 4012 2019-05-31 15:19:05Z monakurppa
90	! Merge salsa branch to trunk. List of changes:
91	! - Error corrected in distr_update that resulted in the aerosol number size
92	! distribution not converging if the concentration was nclim.
93	! - Added a separate output for aerosol liquid water (s_H2O)
94	! - aerosol processes for a size bin are now calculated only if the aerosol
95	! number of concentration of that bin is > 2*nclim
96	! - An initialisation error in the subroutine "deposition" corrected and the
97	! subroutine reformatted.
98	! - stuff from salsa_util_mod.f90 moved into salsa_mod.f90
99	! - calls for closing the netcdf input files added
100	!
101	! 3956 2019-05-07 12:32:52Z monakurppa
102	! - Conceptual bug in depo_surf correct for urban and land surface model
103	! - Subroutine salsa_tendency_ij optimized.
104	! - Interfaces salsa_non_advective_processes and salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
105	! created. These are now called in module_interface.
106	! salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds after calling salsa_driver only when needed
107	! (i.e. every dt_salsa).
108	!
109	! 3924 2019-04-23 09:33:06Z monakurppa
110	! Correct a bug introduced by the previous update.
111	!
112	! 3899 2019-04-16 14:05:27Z monakurppa
113	! - remove unnecessary error / location messages
114	! - corrected some error message numbers
115	! - allocate source arrays only if emissions or dry deposition is applied.
116	!
117	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
118	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
119	! of additional debug messages
120	!
121	! 3876 2019-04-08 18:41:49Z knoop
122	! Introduced salsa_actions module interface
123	!
124	! 3871 2019-04-08 14:38:39Z knoop
125	! Major changes in formatting, performance and data input structure (see branch
126	! the history for details)
127	! - Time-dependent emissions enabled: lod=1 for yearly PM emissions that are
128	! normalised depending on the time, and lod=2 for preprocessed emissions
129	! (similar to the chemistry module).
130	! - Additionally, 'uniform' emissions allowed. This emission is set constant on
131	! all horisontal upward facing surfaces and it is created based on parameters
132	! surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg/sigmag/mass_fracs_a/mass_fracs_b.
133	! - All emissions are now implemented as surface fluxes! No 3D sources anymore.
134	! - Update the emission information by calling salsa_emission_update if
135	! skip_time_do_salsa >= time_since_reference_point and
136	! next_aero_emission_update <= time_since_reference_point
137	! - Aerosol background concentrations read from PIDS_DYNAMIC. The vertical grid
138	! must match the one applied in the model.
139	! - Gas emissions and background concentrations can be also read in in salsa_mod
140	! if the chemistry module is not applied.
141	! - In deposition, information on the land use type can be now imported from
142	! the land use model
143	! - Use SI units in PARIN, i.e. n_lognorm given in #/m3 and dpg in metres.
144	! - Apply 100 character line limit
145	! - Change all variable names from capital to lowercase letter
146	! - Change real exponents to integer if possible. If not, precalculate the value
147	! value of exponent
148	! - Rename in1a to start_subrange_1a, fn2a to end_subrange_1a etc.
149	! - Rename nbins --> nbins_aerosol, ncc_tot --> ncomponents_mass and ngast -->
150	! ngases_salsa
151	! - Rename ibc to index_bc, idu to index_du etc.
152	! - Renamed loop indices b, c and sg to ib, ic and ig
153	! - run_salsa subroutine removed
154	! - Corrected a bud in salsa_driver: falsely applied ino instead of inh
155	! - Call salsa_tendency within salsa_prognostic_equations which is called in
156	! module_interface_mod instead of prognostic_equations_mod
157	! - Removed tailing white spaces and unused variables
158	! - Change error message to start by PA instead of SA
159	!
160	! 3833 2019-03-28 15:04:04Z forkel
161	! added USE chem_gasphase_mod for nvar, nspec and spc_names
162	!
163	! 3787 2019-03-07 08:43:54Z raasch
164	! unused variables removed
165	!
166	! 3780 2019-03-05 11:19:45Z forkel
167	! unused variable for file index removed from rrd-subroutines parameter list
168	!
169	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
170	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
171	!
172	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
173	! Implementation of the PALM module interface
174	! 3412 2018-10-24 07:25:57Z monakurppa
175	!
176	! Authors:
177	! --------
178	! @author Mona Kurppa (University of Helsinki)
179	!
180	!
181	! Description:
182	! ------------
183	!> Sectional aerosol module for large scale applications SALSA
184	!> (Kokkola et al., 2008, ACP 8, 2469-2483). Solves the aerosol number and mass
185	!> concentration as well as chemical composition. Includes aerosol dynamic
186	!> processes: nucleation, condensation/evaporation of vapours, coagulation and
187	!> deposition on tree leaves, ground and roofs.
188	!> Implementation is based on formulations implemented in UCLALES-SALSA except
189	!> for deposition which is based on parametrisations by Zhang et al. (2001,
190	!> Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560) or Petroff&Zhang (2010, Geosci. Model Dev. 3,
191	!> 753-769)
192	!>
193	!> @todo Apply information from emission_stack_height to lift emission sources
194	!> @todo emission mode "parameterized", i.e. based on street type
195	!> @todo Allow insoluble emissions
196	!> @todo Apply flux limiter in prognostic equations
197	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
198	MODULE salsa_mod
199
200	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
201	ONLY: c_p, g, p_0, pi, r_d
202
203	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
204	ONLY: nspec, nvar, spc_names
205
206	USE chem_modules, &
207	ONLY: call_chem_at_all_substeps, chem_gasphase_on, chem_species
208
209	USE control_parameters, &
210	ONLY: air_chemistry, bc_dirichlet_l, bc_dirichlet_n, bc_dirichlet_r, bc_dirichlet_s, &
211	bc_lr, bc_lr_cyc, bc_ns, bc_ns_cyc, bc_radiation_l, bc_radiation_n, bc_radiation_r, &
212	bc_radiation_s, coupling_char, debug_output, dt_3d, intermediate_timestep_count, &
213	intermediate_timestep_count_max, land_surface, max_pr_salsa, message_string, &
214	monotonic_limiter_z, plant_canopy, pt_surface, salsa, scalar_advec, &
215	surface_pressure, time_since_reference_point, timestep_scheme, tsc, urban_surface, &
216	ws_scheme_sca
217
218	USE indices, &
219	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb, nz, nzt, wall_flags_0
220
221	USE kinds
222
223	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
224	ONLY: chem_emis_att_type, chem_emis_val_type
225
226	USE pegrid
227
228	USE statistics, &
229	ONLY: sums_salsa_ws_l
230
231	IMPLICIT NONE
232	!
233	!-- SALSA constants:
234	!
235	!-- Local constants:
236	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: luc_urban = 15 !< default landuse type for urban
237	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: ngases_salsa = 5 !< total number of gaseous tracers:
238	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV
239	!< (non-volatile OC), 5 = OCSV (semi-volatile)
240	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nmod = 7 !< number of modes for initialising the aerosol size
241	!< distribution
242	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nreg = 2 !< Number of main size subranges
243	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: maxspec = 7 !< Max. number of aerosol species
244	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: season = 1 !< For dry depostion by Zhang et al.: 1 = summer,
245	!< 2 = autumn (no harvest yet), 3 = late autumn
246	!< (already frost), 4 = winter, 5 = transitional spring
247
248	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: fill_value = -9999.0_wp !< value for the _FillValue attribute
249	!
250	!-- Universal constants
251	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: abo = 1.380662E-23_wp !< Boltzmann constant (J/K)
252	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv = 2.260E+6_wp !< latent heat for H2O
253	!< vaporisation (J/kg)
254	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv_d_rv = 4896.96865_wp !< alv / rv
255	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: am_airmol = 4.8096E-26_wp !< Average mass of one air
256	!< molecule (Jacobson,
257	!< 2005, Eq. 2.3)
258	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: api6 = 0.5235988_wp !< pi / 6
259	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas = 8.314409_wp !< Gas constant (J/(mol K))
260	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas_d_cpd = 8.281283865E-3_wp !< argas per cpd
261	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: avo = 6.02214E+23_wp !< Avogadro constant (1/mol)
262	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: d_sa = 5.539376964394570E-10_wp !< diameter of condensing sulphuric
263	!< acid molecule (m)
264	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: for_ppm_to_nconc = 7.243016311E+16_wp !< ppm * avo / R (K/(Pa*m3))
265	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: epsoc = 0.15_wp !< water uptake of organic
266	!< material
267	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: mclim = 1.0E-23_wp !< mass concentration min limit (kg/m3)
268	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: n3 = 158.79_wp !< Number of H2SO4 molecules in 3 nm cluster
269	!< if d_sa=5.54e-10m
270	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: nclim = 1.0_wp !< number concentration min limit (#/m3)
271	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: surfw0 = 0.073_wp !< surface tension of water at 293 K (J/m2)
272	!
273	!-- Molar masses in kg/mol
274	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: ambc = 12.0E-3_wp !< black carbon (BC)
275	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdair = 28.970E-3_wp !< dry air
276	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdu = 100.E-3_wp !< mineral dust
277	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2o = 18.0154E-3_wp !< H2O
278	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2so4 = 98.06E-3_wp !< H2SO4
279	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amhno3 = 63.01E-3_wp !< HNO3
280	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amn2o = 44.013E-3_wp !< N2O
281	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amnh3 = 17.031E-3_wp !< NH3
282	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo2 = 31.9988E-3_wp !< O2
283	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo3 = 47.998E-3_wp !< O3
284	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amoc = 150.E-3_wp !< organic carbon (OC)
285	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amss = 58.44E-3_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
286	!
287	!-- Densities in kg/m3
288	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhobc = 2000.0_wp !< black carbon
289	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhodu = 2650.0_wp !< mineral dust
290	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2o = 1000.0_wp !< H2O
291	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2so4 = 1830.0_wp !< SO4
292	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhohno3 = 1479.0_wp !< HNO3
293	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhonh3 = 1530.0_wp !< NH3
294	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhooc = 2000.0_wp !< organic carbon
295	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoss = 2165.0_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
296	!
297	!-- Volume of molecule in m3/#
298	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2o = amh2o /avo / arhoh2o !< H2O
299	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2so4 = amh2so4 / avo / arhoh2so4 !< SO4
300	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvhno3 = amhno3 / avo / arhohno3 !< HNO3
301	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvnh3 = amnh3 / avo / arhonh3 !< NH3
302	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvoc = amoc / avo / arhooc !< OC
303	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvss = amss / avo / arhoss !< sea salt
304	!
305	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Petroff and Zhang (2010):
306	!-- obstacle characteristic dimension "L" (cm) (plane obstacle by default) and empirical constants
307	!-- C_B, C_IN, C_IM, beta_IM and C_IT for each land use category (15, as in Zhang et al. (2001))
308	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: l_p10 = &
309	(/0.15, 4.0, 0.15, 3.0, 3.0, 0.5, 3.0, -99., 0.5, 2.0, 1.0, -99., -99., -99., 3.0/)
310	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_b_p10 = &
311	(/0.887, 1.262, 0.887, 1.262, 1.262, 0.996, 0.996, -99., 0.7, 0.93, 0.996, -99., -99., -99., 1.262/)
312	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_in_p10 = &
313	(/0.81, 0.216, 0.81, 0.216, 0.216, 0.191, 0.162, -99., 0.7, 0.14, 0.162, -99., -99., -99., 0.216/)
314	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_im_p10 = &
315	(/0.162, 0.13, 0.162, 0.13, 0.13, 0.191, 0.081, -99., 0.191,0.086,0.081, -99., -99., -99., 0.13/)
316	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: beta_im_p10 = &
317	(/0.6, 0.47, 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, -99., 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, -99., -99., -99., 0.47/)
318	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_it_p10 = &
319	(/0.0, 0.056, 0.0, 0.056, 0.056, 0.042, 0.056, -99., 0.042,0.014,0.056, -99., -99., -99., 0.056/)
320	!
321	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Zhang et al. (2001):
322	!-- empirical constants "alpha" and "gamma" and characteristic radius "A" for
323	!-- each land use category (15) and season (5)
324	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: alpha_z01 = &
325	(/1.0, 0.6, 1.1, 0.8, 0.8, 1.2, 1.2, 50.0, 50.0, 1.3, 2.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0, 1.5/)
326	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: gamma_z01 = &
327	(/0.56, 0.58, 0.56, 0.56, 0.56, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.50, 0.50, 0.56/)
328	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15,1:5), PARAMETER :: A_z01 = RESHAPE( (/&
329	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC1
330	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC2
331	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC3
332	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC4
333	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0 & ! SC5
334	/), (/ 15, 5 /) )
335	!-- Land use categories (based on Z01 but the same applies here also for P10):
336	!-- 1 = evergreen needleleaf trees,
337	!-- 2 = evergreen broadleaf trees,
338	!-- 3 = deciduous needleleaf trees,
339	!-- 4 = deciduous broadleaf trees,
340	!-- 5 = mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees (deciduous broadleaf trees for P10),
341	!-- 6 = grass (short grass for P10),
342	!-- 7 = crops, mixed farming,
343	!-- 8 = desert,
344	!-- 9 = tundra,
345	!-- 10 = shrubs and interrupted woodlands (thorn shrubs for P10),
346	!-- 11 = wetland with plants (long grass for P10)
347	!-- 12 = ice cap and glacier,
348	!-- 13 = inland water (inland lake for P10)
349	!-- 14 = ocean (water for P10),
350	!-- 15 = urban
351	!
352	!-- SALSA variables:
353	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_b = 'neumann' !< bottom boundary condition
354	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_t = 'neumann' !< top boundary condition
355	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
356	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_type = 'deciduous_broadleaf' !< leaf type
357	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_surf_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
358	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_dynamic = 'PIDS_DYNAMIC' !< file name for dynamic input
359	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_salsa = 'PIDS_SALSA' !< file name for emission data
360	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: salsa_emission_mode = 'no_emission' !< 'no_emission', 'uniform',
361	!< 'parameterized', 'read_from_file'
362
363	CHARACTER(LEN=20), DIMENSION(4) :: decycle_method_salsa = &
364	(/'dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet'/)
365	!< Decycling method at horizontal boundaries
366	!< 1=left, 2=right, 3=south, 4=north
367	!< dirichlet = initial profiles for the ghost and first 3 layers
368	!< neumann = zero gradient
369
370	CHARACTER(LEN=3), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: listspec = & !< Active aerosols
371	(/'SO4',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '/)
372
373	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_par_num = 1 !< parametrisation type: 1=zhang2001, 2=petroff2010
374	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_type_num = 0 !< index for the dry deposition type on the plant canopy
375	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_surf_par_num = 1 !< parametrisation type: 1=zhang2001, 2=petroff2010
376	INTEGER(iwp) :: dots_salsa = 0 !< starting index for salsa-timeseries
377	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_1a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 1a
378	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2a
379	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2b = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2b
380	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_b !< index for the bottom boundary condition
381	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_t !< index for the top boundary condition
382	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_bc = -1 !< index for black carbon (BC)
383	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_du = -1 !< index for dust
384	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_nh = -1 !< index for NH3
385	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_no = -1 !< index for HNO3
386	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_oc = -1 !< index for organic carbon (OC)
387	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_so4 = -1 !< index for SO4 or H2SO4
388	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_ss = -1 !< index for sea salt
389	INTEGER(iwp) :: init_aerosol_type = 0 !< Initial size distribution type
390	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
391	!< 1 = read vertical profile of the mode number
392	!< concentration from an input file
393	INTEGER(iwp) :: init_gases_type = 0 !< Initial gas concentration type
394	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
395	!< 1 = read vertical profile from an input file
396	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_gas_emissions = 0 !< level of detail of the gaseous emission data
397	INTEGER(iwp) :: main_street_id = 0 !< lower bound of main street IDs (OpenStreetMaps) for parameterized mode
398	INTEGER(iwp) :: max_street_id = 0 !< upper bound of main street IDs (OpenStreetMaps) for parameterized mode
399	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins_aerosol = 1 !< total number of size bins
400	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 1 !< number of chemical components used
401	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomponents_mass = 1 !< total number of chemical compounds (ncc+1)
402	!< if particle water is advected)
403	INTEGER(iwp) :: nj3 = 1 !< J3 parametrization (nucleation)
404	!< 1 = condensational sink (Kerminen&Kulmala, 2002)
405	!< 2 = coagulational sink (Lehtinen et al. 2007)
406	!< 3 = coagS+self-coagulation (Anttila et al. 2010)
407	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsnucl = 0 !< Choice of the nucleation scheme:
408	!< 0 = off
409	!< 1 = binary nucleation
410	!< 2 = activation type nucleation
411	!< 3 = kinetic nucleation
412	!< 4 = ternary nucleation
413	!< 5 = nucleation with ORGANICs
414	!< 6 = activation type of nucleation with H2SO4+ORG
415	!< 7 = heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
416	!< 8 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4
417	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
418	!< 9 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and ORG
419	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
420	INTEGER(iwp) :: salsa_pr_count = 0 !< counter for salsa variable profiles
421	INTEGER(iwp) :: side_street_id = 0 !< lower bound of side street IDs (OpenStreetMaps) for parameterized mode
422	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_1a = 1 !< start index for bin subranges: subrange 1a
423	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2a = 1 !< subrange 2a
424	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2b = 1 !< subrange 2b
425
426	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nreg) :: nbin = (/ 3, 7/) !< Number of size bins per subrange: 1 & 2
427
428	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: gas_index_chem = (/ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1/) !< gas indices in chemistry_model_mod
429	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3,
430	!< 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV, 5 = OCSV
431	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: emission_index_chem !< gas indices in the gas emission file
432	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(99) :: salsa_pr_index = 0 !< index for salsa profiles
433
434	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_topo_top !< vertical index of the topography top
435
436	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: salsa_advc_flags_s !< flags used to degrade order of advection
437	!< scheme for salsa variables near walls and
438	!< lateral boundaries
439	!
440	!-- SALSA switches:
441	LOGICAL :: advect_particle_water = .TRUE. !< Advect water concentration of particles
442	LOGICAL :: decycle_salsa_lr = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundaries: left and right
443	LOGICAL :: decycle_salsa_ns = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundaries: north and south
444	LOGICAL :: include_emission = .FALSE. !< Include or not emissions
445	LOGICAL :: feedback_to_palm = .FALSE. !< Allow feedback due to condensation of H2O
446	LOGICAL :: nest_salsa = .FALSE. !< Apply nesting for salsa
447	LOGICAL :: no_insoluble = .FALSE. !< Exclude insoluble chemical components
448	LOGICAL :: read_restart_data_salsa = .FALSE. !< Read restart data for salsa
449	LOGICAL :: salsa_gases_from_chem = .FALSE. !< Transfer the gaseous components to SALSA from
450	!< the chemistry model
451	LOGICAL :: van_der_waals_coagc = .FALSE. !< Enhancement of coagulation kernel by van der
452	!< Waals and viscous forces
453	LOGICAL :: write_binary_salsa = .FALSE. !< read binary for salsa
454	!
455	!-- Process switches: nl* is read from the NAMELIST and is NOT changed.
456	!-- ls* is the switch used and will get the value of nl*
457	!-- except for special circumstances (spinup period etc.)
458	LOGICAL :: nlcoag = .FALSE. !< Coagulation master switch
459	LOGICAL :: lscoag = .FALSE. !<
460	LOGICAL :: nlcnd = .FALSE. !< Condensation master switch
461	LOGICAL :: lscnd = .FALSE. !<
462	LOGICAL :: nlcndgas = .FALSE. !< Condensation of precursor gases
463	LOGICAL :: lscndgas = .FALSE. !<
464	LOGICAL :: nlcndh2oae = .FALSE. !< Condensation of H2O on aerosol
465	LOGICAL :: lscndh2oae = .FALSE. !< particles (FALSE -> equilibrium calc.)
466	LOGICAL :: nldepo = .FALSE. !< Deposition master switch
467	LOGICAL :: lsdepo = .FALSE. !<
468	LOGICAL :: nldepo_surf = .FALSE. !< Deposition on vegetation master switch
469	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_surf = .FALSE. !<
470	LOGICAL :: nldepo_pcm = .FALSE. !< Deposition on walls master switch
471	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE. !<
472	LOGICAL :: nldistupdate = .TRUE. !< Size distribution update master switch
473	LOGICAL :: lsdistupdate = .FALSE. !<
474	LOGICAL :: lspartition = .FALSE. !< Partition of HNO3 and NH3
475
476	REAL(wp) :: act_coeff = 1.0E-7_wp !< Activation coefficient (1/s)
477	REAL(wp) :: dt_salsa = 0.00001_wp !< Time step of SALSA
478	REAL(wp) :: emiss_factor_main = 0.0_wp !< relative emission factor for main streets
479	REAL(wp) :: emiss_factor_side = 0.0_wp !< relative emission factor for side streets
480	REAL(wp) :: h2so4_init = nclim !< Init value for sulphuric acid gas
481	REAL(wp) :: hno3_init = nclim !< Init value for nitric acid gas
482	REAL(wp) :: last_salsa_time = 0.0_wp !< previous salsa call
483	REAL(wp) :: next_aero_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
484	REAL(wp) :: next_gas_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
485	REAL(wp) :: nf2a = 1.0_wp !< Number fraction allocated to 2a-bins
486	REAL(wp) :: nh3_init = nclim !< Init value for ammonia gas
487	REAL(wp) :: ocnv_init = nclim !< Init value for non-volatile organic gases
488	REAL(wp) :: ocsv_init = nclim !< Init value for semi-volatile organic gases
489	REAL(wp) :: rhlim = 1.20_wp !< RH limit in %/100. Prevents unrealistical RH
490	REAL(wp) :: skip_time_do_salsa = 0.0_wp !< Starting time of SALSA (s)
491	!
492	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres),
493	!-- standard deviation (sigmag) and concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3)
494	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: dpg = &
495	(/1.3E-8_wp, 5.4E-8_wp, 8.6E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp/)
496	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: sigmag = &
497	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
498	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: n_lognorm = &
499	(/1.04e+11_wp, 3.23E+10_wp, 5.4E+6_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
500	!
501	!-- Initial mass fractions / chemical composition of the size distribution
502	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_a = & !< mass fractions between
503	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for A bins
504	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_b = & !< mass fractions between
505	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for B bins
506	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nreg+1) :: reglim = & !< Min&max diameters of size subranges
507	(/ 3.0E-9_wp, 5.0E-8_wp, 1.0E-5_wp/)
508	!
509	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres), standard deviation (sigmag)
510	!-- concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3) and mass fractions of all chemical components (listed in
511	!-- listspec) for both a (soluble) and b (insoluble) bins.
512	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_dpg = &
513	(/1.3E-8_wp, 5.4E-8_wp, 8.6E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp/)
514	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_sigmag = &
515	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
516	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a = &
517	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
518	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b = &
519	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
520	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: surface_aerosol_flux = &
521	(/1.0E+8_wp, 1.0E+9_wp, 1.0E+5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
522
523	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bin_low_limits !< to deliver information about
524	!< the lower diameters per bin
525	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_am_t_val !< vertical gradient of: aerosol mass
526	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_an_t_val !< of: aerosol number
527	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_gt_t_val !< salsa gases near domain top
528	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: gas_emission_time !< Time array in gas emission data (s)
529	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsect !< Background number concentrations
530	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: massacc !< Mass accomodation coefficients
531	!
532	!-- SALSA derived datatypes:
533	!
534	!-- Component index
535	TYPE component_index
536	CHARACTER(len=3), ALLOCATABLE :: comp(:) !< Component name
537	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomp !< Number of components
538	INTEGER(iwp), ALLOCATABLE :: ind(:) !< Component index
539	END TYPE component_index
540	!
541	!-- For matching LSM and USM surface types and the deposition module surface types
542	TYPE match_surface
543	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_lupg !< index for pavement / green roofs
544	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_luvw !< index for vegetation / walls
545	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_luww !< index for water / windows
546	END TYPE match_surface
547	!
548	!-- Aerosol emission data attributes
549	TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
550
551	CHARACTER(LEN=25) :: units
552
553	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_name !<
554	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !<
555	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: unit_time !<
556	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !<
557
558	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod = 0 !< level of detail
559	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins = 10 !< number of aerosol size bins
560	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncat = 0 !< number of emission categories
561	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 7 !< number of aerosol chemical components
562	INTEGER(iwp) :: nhoursyear = 0 !< number of hours: HOURLY mode
563	INTEGER(iwp) :: nmonthdayhour = 0 !< number of month days and hours: MDH mode
564	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
565	INTEGER(iwp) :: nt = 0 !< number of time steps
566	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz = 0 !< number of vertical levels
567	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind !< time index for reference time in salsa emission data
568
569	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_in2mod = 0 !<
570
571	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_index !< Index of emission categories
572	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_index !< Index of chemical components
573
574	REAL(wp) :: conversion_factor !< unit conversion factor for aerosol emissions
575
576	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: dmid !< mean diameters of size bins (m)
577	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: rho !< average density (kg/m3)
578	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time !< time (s)
579	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time_factor !< emission time factor
580	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: z !< height (m)
581
582	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: etf !< emission time factor
583	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: stack_height
584
585	END TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
586	!
587	!-- The default size distribution and mass composition per emission category:
588	!-- 1 = traffic, 2 = road dust, 3 = wood combustion, 4 = other
589	!-- Mass fractions: H2SO4, OC, BC, DU, SS, HNO3, NH3
590	TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
591
592	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndm = 3 !< number of default modes
593	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndc = 4 !< number of default categories
594
595	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_name_table = (/'traffic exhaust', &
596	'road dust ', &
597	'wood combustion', &
598	'other '/)
599
600	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_input_to_model !<
601
602	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: dpg_table = (/ 13.5E-9_wp, 1.4E-6_wp, 5.4E-8_wp/) !<
603	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ntot_table !<
604	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: sigmag_table = (/ 1.6_wp, 1.4_wp, 1.7_wp /) !<
605
606	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:maxspec,1:4) :: mass_frac_table = & !<
607	RESHAPE( (/ 0.04_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
608	0.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.95_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
609	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
610	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp &
611	/), (/maxspec,4/) )
612
613	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3,1:4) :: pm_frac_table = & !< rel. mass
614	RESHAPE( (/ 0.016_wp, 0.000_wp, 0.984_wp, &
615	0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, &
616	0.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, &
617	1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp &
618	/), (/3,4/) )
619
620	END TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
621	!
622	!-- Aerosol emission data values
623	TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
624
625	REAL(wp) :: fill !< fill value
626
627	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_mass_fracs !< mass fractions
628
629	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_mass_fracs !< mass fractions per emis. category
630
631	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_data !< surface emission values in PM
632	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_data !< surface emission values per bin
633
634	END TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
635	!
636	!-- Prognostic variable: Aerosol size bin information (number (#/m3) and mass (kg/m3) concentration)
637	!-- and the concentration of gaseous tracers (#/m3). Gas tracers are contained sequentially in
638	!-- dimension 4 as:
639	!-- 1. H2SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV (non-volatile organics), 5. OCSV (semi-volatile)
640	TYPE salsa_variable
641
642	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: init !<
643
644	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: diss_s !<
645	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: flux_s !<
646	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: source !<
647	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: sums_ws_l !<
648
649	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: diss_l !<
650	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: flux_l !<
651
652	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: conc !<
653	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: conc_p !<
654	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: tconc_m !<
655
656	END TYPE salsa_variable
657	!
658	!-- Datatype used to store information about the binned size distributions of aerosols
659	TYPE t_section
660
661	REAL(wp) :: dmid !< bin middle diameter (m)
662	REAL(wp) :: vhilim !< bin volume at the high limit
663	REAL(wp) :: vlolim !< bin volume at the low limit
664	REAL(wp) :: vratiohi !< volume ratio between the center and high limit
665	REAL(wp) :: vratiolo !< volume ratio between the center and low limit
666	!******************************************************
667	! ^ Do NOT change the stuff above after initialization !
668	!******************************************************
669	REAL(wp) :: core !< Volume of dry particle
670	REAL(wp) :: dwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter (m)
671	REAL(wp) :: numc !< Number concentration of particles/droplets (#/m3)
672	REAL(wp) :: veqh2o !< Equilibrium H2O concentration for each particle
673
674	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec+1) :: volc !< Volume concentrations (m^3/m^3) of aerosols +
675	!< water. Since most of the stuff in SALSA is hard
676	!< coded, these have to be in the order
677	!< 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
678	END TYPE t_section
679
680	TYPE(salsa_emission_attribute_type) :: aero_emission_att !< emission attributes
681	TYPE(salsa_emission_value_type) :: aero_emission !< emission values
682	TYPE(salsa_emission_mode_type) :: def_modes !< default emission modes
683
684	TYPE(chem_emis_att_type) :: chem_emission_att !< chemistry emission attributes
685
686	TYPE(chem_emis_val_type), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_emission !< chemistry emissions
687
688	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: aero !< local aerosol properties
689
690	TYPE(match_surface) :: lsm_to_depo_h !< to match the deposition module and horizontal LSM surfaces
691	TYPE(match_surface) :: usm_to_depo_h !< to match the deposition module and horizontal USM surfaces
692
693	TYPE(match_surface), DIMENSION(0:3) :: lsm_to_depo_v !< to match the deposition mod. and vertical LSM surfaces
694	TYPE(match_surface), DIMENSION(0:3) :: usm_to_depo_v !< to match the deposition mod. and vertical USM surfaces
695	!
696	!-- SALSA variables: as x = x(k,j,i,bin).
697	!-- The 4th dimension contains all the size bins sequentially for each aerosol species + water.
698	!
699	!-- Prognostic variables:
700	!
701	!-- Number concentration (#/m3)
702	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: aerosol_number !<
703	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_1 !<
704	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_2 !<
705	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_3 !<
706	!
707	!-- Mass concentration (kg/m3)
708	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: aerosol_mass !<
709	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_1 !<
710	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_2 !<
711	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_3 !<
712	!
713	!-- Gaseous concentrations (#/m3)
714	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: salsa_gas !<
715	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_1 !<
716	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_2 !<
717	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_3 !<
718	!
719	!-- Diagnostic tracers
720	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: sedim_vd !< sedimentation velocity per bin (m/s)
721	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ra_dry !< aerosol dry radius (m)
722
723	!-- Particle component index tables
724	TYPE(component_index) :: prtcl !< Contains "getIndex" which gives the index for a given aerosol
725	!< component name: 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
726	!
727	!-- Data output arrays:
728	!
729	!-- Gases:
730	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_h2so4_av !< H2SO4
731	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_hno3_av !< HNO3
732	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_nh3_av !< NH3
733	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_ocnv_av !< non-volatile OC
734	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_ocsv_av !< semi-volatile OC
735	!
736	!-- Integrated:
737	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: ldsa_av !< lung-deposited surface area
738	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: ntot_av !< total number concentration
739	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nufp_av !< ultrafine particles (UFP)
740	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm01_av !< PM0.1
741	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm25_av !< PM2.5
742	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm10_av !< PM10
743	!
744	!-- In the particle phase:
745	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_bc_av !< black carbon
746	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_du_av !< dust
747	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_h2o_av !< liquid water
748	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_nh_av !< ammonia
749	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_no_av !< nitrates
750	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_oc_av !< org. carbon
751	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_so4_av !< sulphates
752	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_ss_av !< sea salt
753	!
754	!-- Bin specific mass and number concentrations:
755	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mbins_av !< bin mas
756	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nbins_av !< bin number
757
758	!
759	!-- PALM interfaces:
760
761	INTERFACE salsa_actions
762	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions
763	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions_ij
764	END INTERFACE salsa_actions
765
766	INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
767	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_3d_data_averaging
768	END INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
769
770	INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
771	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds
772	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds_decycle
773	END INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
774
775	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
776	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output
777	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
778
779	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output_pr
780	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output_pr
781	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output_pr
782
783	INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
784	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_parameters
785	END INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
786
787	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
788	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_2d
789	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
790
791	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
792	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_3d
793	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
794
795	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
796	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_mask
797	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
798
799	INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
800	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
801	END INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
802
803	INTERFACE salsa_driver
804	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_driver
805	END INTERFACE salsa_driver
806
807	INTERFACE salsa_emission_update
808	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_emission_update
809	END INTERFACE salsa_emission_update
810
811	INTERFACE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
812	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
813	END INTERFACE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
814
815	INTERFACE salsa_header
816	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_header
817	END INTERFACE salsa_header
818
819	INTERFACE salsa_init
820	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init
821	END INTERFACE salsa_init
822
823	INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
824	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init_arrays
825	END INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
826
827	INTERFACE salsa_non_advective_processes
828	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_non_advective_processes
829	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_non_advective_processes_ij
830	END INTERFACE salsa_non_advective_processes
831
832	INTERFACE salsa_parin
833	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_parin
834	END INTERFACE salsa_parin
835
836	INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
837	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations
838	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations_ij
839	END INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
840
841	INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
842	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_rrd_local
843	END INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
844
845	INTERFACE salsa_statistics
846	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_statistics
847	END INTERFACE salsa_statistics
848
849	INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
850	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_swap_timelevel
851	END INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
852
853	INTERFACE salsa_tendency
854	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency
855	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency_ij
856	END INTERFACE salsa_tendency
857
858	INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
859	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_wrd_local
860	END INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
861
862
863	SAVE
864
865	PRIVATE
866	!
867	!-- Public functions:
868	PUBLIC salsa_boundary_conds, salsa_check_data_output, salsa_check_parameters, &
869	salsa_3d_data_averaging, salsa_data_output_2d, salsa_data_output_3d, &
870	salsa_data_output_mask, salsa_define_netcdf_grid, salsa_diagnostics, salsa_driver, &
871	salsa_emission_update, salsa_header, salsa_init, salsa_init_arrays, salsa_parin, &
872	salsa_rrd_local, salsa_swap_timelevel, salsa_prognostic_equations, salsa_wrd_local, &
873	salsa_actions, salsa_non_advective_processes, salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds, &
874	salsa_check_data_output_pr, salsa_statistics
875	!
876	!-- Public parameters, constants and initial values
877	PUBLIC bc_am_t_val, bc_an_t_val, bc_gt_t_val, dots_salsa, dt_salsa, &
878	ibc_salsa_b, last_salsa_time, lsdepo, nest_salsa, salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem, &
879	skip_time_do_salsa
880	!
881	!-- Public prognostic variables
882	PUBLIC aerosol_mass, aerosol_number, gconc_2, mconc_2, nbins_aerosol, ncc, ncomponents_mass, &
883	nclim, nconc_2, ngases_salsa, prtcl, ra_dry, salsa_gas, sedim_vd
884
885
886	CONTAINS
887
888	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
889	! Description:
890	! ------------
891	!> Parin for &salsa_par for new modules
892	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
893	SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
894
895	USE control_parameters, &
896	ONLY: data_output_pr
897
898	IMPLICIT NONE
899
900	CHARACTER(LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of parameter file
901
902	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
903	INTEGER(iwp) :: max_pr_salsa_tmp !< dummy variable
904
905	NAMELIST /salsa_parameters/ aerosol_flux_dpg, &
906	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a, &
907	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b, &
908	aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
909	advect_particle_water, &
910	bc_salsa_b, &
911	bc_salsa_t, &
912	decycle_salsa_lr, &
913	decycle_method_salsa, &
914	decycle_salsa_ns, &
915	depo_pcm_par, &
916	depo_pcm_type, &
917	depo_surf_par, &
918	dpg, &
919	dt_salsa, &
920	emiss_factor_main, &
921	emiss_factor_side, &
922	feedback_to_palm, &
923	h2so4_init, &
924	hno3_init, &
925	init_gases_type, &
926	init_aerosol_type, &
927	listspec, &
928	main_street_id, &
929	mass_fracs_a, &
930	mass_fracs_b, &
931	max_street_id, &
932	n_lognorm, &
933	nbin, &
934	nest_salsa, &
935	nf2a, &
936	nh3_init, &
937	nj3, &
938	nlcnd, &
939	nlcndgas, &
940	nlcndh2oae, &
941	nlcoag, &
942	nldepo, &
943	nldepo_pcm, &
944	nldepo_surf, &
945	nldistupdate, &
946	nsnucl, &
947	ocnv_init, &
948	ocsv_init, &
949	read_restart_data_salsa, &
950	reglim, &
951	salsa, &
952	salsa_emission_mode, &
953	sigmag, &
954	side_street_id, &
955	skip_time_do_salsa, &
956	surface_aerosol_flux, &
957	van_der_waals_coagc, &
958	write_binary_salsa
959
960	line = ' '
961	!
962	!-- Try to find salsa package
963	REWIND ( 11 )
964	line = ' '
965	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&salsa_parameters' ) == 0 )
966	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
967	ENDDO
968	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
969	!
970	!-- Read user-defined namelist
971	READ ( 11, salsa_parameters )
972	!
973	!-- Enable salsa (salsa switch in modules.f90)
974	salsa = .TRUE.
975
976	10 CONTINUE
977	!
978	!-- Update the number of output profiles
979	max_pr_salsa_tmp = 0
980	i = 1
981	DO WHILE ( data_output_pr(i) /= ' ' .AND. i <= 100 )
982	IF ( TRIM( data_output_pr(i)(1:6) ) == 'salsa_' ) max_pr_salsa_tmp = max_pr_salsa_tmp + 1
983	i = i + 1
984	ENDDO
985	IF ( max_pr_salsa_tmp > 0 ) max_pr_salsa = max_pr_salsa_tmp
986
987	END SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
988
989	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
990	! Description:
991	! ------------
992	!> Check parameters routine for salsa.
993	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
994	SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
995
996	USE control_parameters, &
997	ONLY: humidity
998
999	IMPLICIT NONE
1000
1001	!
1002	!-- Checks go here (cf. check_parameters.f90).
1003	IF ( salsa .AND. .NOT. humidity ) THEN
1004	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'salsa = ', salsa, ' is not allowed with humidity = ', humidity
1005	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0594', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1006	ENDIF
1007
1008	IF ( bc_salsa_b == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
1009	ibc_salsa_b = 0
1010	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_b == 'neumann' ) THEN
1011	ibc_salsa_b = 1
1012	ELSE
1013	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_b = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
1014	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0595', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1015	ENDIF
1016
1017	IF ( bc_salsa_t == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
1018	ibc_salsa_t = 0
1019	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'neumann' ) THEN
1020	ibc_salsa_t = 1
1021	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'nested' ) THEN
1022	ibc_salsa_t = 2
1023	ELSE
1024	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_t = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
1025	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0596', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1026	ENDIF
1027
1028	IF ( nj3 < 1 .OR. nj3 > 3 ) THEN
1029	message_string = 'unknown nj3 (must be 1-3)'
1030	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0597', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1031	ENDIF
1032
1033	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' .AND. ibc_salsa_b == 0 ) THEN
1034	message_string = 'salsa_emission_mode /= "no_emission" requires bc_salsa_b = "Neumann"'
1035	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters','PA0598', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1036	ENDIF
1037
1038	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' ) include_emission = .TRUE.
1039
1040	END SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
1041
1042	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1043	!
1044	! Description:
1045	! ------------
1046	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
1047	!> It is called out from subroutine netcdf.
1048	!> Same grid as for other scalars (see netcdf_interface_mod.f90)
1049	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1050	SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
1051
1052	IMPLICIT NONE
1053
1054	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !<
1055	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !<
1056	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !<
1057	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !<
1058
1059	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
1060
1061	found = .TRUE.
1062	!
1063	!-- Check for the grid
1064
1065	IF ( var(1:6) == 'salsa_' ) THEN ! same grid for all salsa output variables
1066	grid_x = 'x'
1067	grid_y = 'y'
1068	grid_z = 'zu'
1069	ELSE
1070	found = .FALSE.
1071	grid_x = 'none'
1072	grid_y = 'none'
1073	grid_z = 'none'
1074	ENDIF
1075
1076	END SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
1077
1078	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1079	! Description:
1080	! ------------
1081	!> Header output for new module
1082	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1083	SUBROUTINE salsa_header( io )
1084
1085	USE indices, &
1086	ONLY: nx, ny, nz
1087
1088	IMPLICIT NONE
1089
1090	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
1091	!
1092	!-- Write SALSA header
1093	WRITE( io, 1 )
1094	WRITE( io, 2 ) skip_time_do_salsa
1095	WRITE( io, 3 ) dt_salsa
1096	WRITE( io, 4 ) nz, ny, nx, nbins_aerosol
1097	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
1098	WRITE( io, 5 ) nz, ny, nx, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol, advect_particle_water
1099	ELSE
1100	WRITE( io, 5 ) nz, ny, nx, ncc*nbins_aerosol, advect_particle_water
1101	ENDIF
1102	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1103	WRITE( io, 6 ) nz, ny, nx, ngases_salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem
1104	ENDIF
1105	WRITE( io, 7 )
1106	IF ( nsnucl > 0 ) WRITE( io, 8 ) nsnucl, nj3
1107	IF ( nlcoag ) WRITE( io, 9 )
1108	IF ( nlcnd ) WRITE( io, 10 ) nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae
1109	IF ( lspartition ) WRITE( io, 11 )
1110	IF ( nldepo ) WRITE( io, 12 ) nldepo_pcm, nldepo_surf
1111	WRITE( io, 13 ) reglim, nbin, bin_low_limits
1112	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) WRITE( io, 14 ) nsect
1113	WRITE( io, 15 ) ncc, listspec, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
1114	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1115	WRITE( io, 16 ) ngases_salsa, h2so4_init, hno3_init, nh3_init, ocnv_init, ocsv_init
1116	ENDIF
1117	WRITE( io, 17 ) init_aerosol_type, init_gases_type
1118	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) THEN
1119	WRITE( io, 18 ) dpg, sigmag, n_lognorm
1120	ELSE
1121	WRITE( io, 19 )
1122	ENDIF
1123	IF ( nest_salsa ) WRITE( io, 20 ) nest_salsa
1124	WRITE( io, 21 ) salsa_emission_mode
1125	IF ( salsa_emission_mode == 'uniform' ) THEN
1126	WRITE( io, 22 ) surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
1127	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a
1128	ENDIF
1129	IF ( SUM( aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b ) > 0.0_wp .OR. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) &
1130	THEN
1131	WRITE( io, 23 )
1132	ENDIF
1133
1134	1 FORMAT (//' SALSA information:'/ &
1135	' ------------------------------'/)
1136	2 FORMAT (' Starts at: skip_time_do_salsa = ', F10.2, ' s')
1137	3 FORMAT (/' Timestep: dt_salsa = ', F6.2, ' s')
1138	4 FORMAT (/' Array shape (z,y,x,bins):'/ &
1139	' aerosol_number: ', 4(I3))
1140	5 FORMAT (/' aerosol_mass: ', 4(I3),/ &
1141	' (advect_particle_water = ', L1, ')')
1142	6 FORMAT (' salsa_gas: ', 4(I3),/ &
1143	' (salsa_gases_from_chem = ', L1, ')')
1144	7 FORMAT (/' Aerosol dynamic processes included: ')
1145	8 FORMAT (/' nucleation (scheme = ', I1, ' and J3 parametrization = ', I1, ')')
1146	9 FORMAT (/' coagulation')
1147	10 FORMAT (/' condensation (of precursor gases = ', L1, ' and water vapour = ', L1, ')' )
1148	11 FORMAT (/' dissolutional growth by HNO3 and NH3')
1149	12 FORMAT (/' dry deposition (on vegetation = ', L1, ' and on topography = ', L1, ')')
1150	13 FORMAT (/' Aerosol bin subrange limits (in metres): ', 3(ES10.2E3), / &
1151	' Number of size bins for each aerosol subrange: ', 2I3,/ &
1152	' Aerosol bin limits (in metres): ', 9(ES10.2E3))
1153	14 FORMAT (' Initial number concentration in bins at the lowest level (#/m**3):', 9(ES10.2E3))
1154	15 FORMAT (/' Number of chemical components used: ', I1,/ &
1155	' Species: ',7(A6),/ &
1156	' Initial relative contribution of each species to particle volume in:',/ &
1157	' a-bins: ', 7(F6.3),/ &
1158	' b-bins: ', 7(F6.3))
1159	16 FORMAT (/' Number of gaseous tracers used: ', I1,/ &
1160	' Initial gas concentrations:',/ &
1161	' H2SO4: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1162	' HNO3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1163	' NH3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1164	' OCNV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1165	' OCSV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3')
1166	17 FORMAT (/' Initialising concentrations: ', / &
1167	' Aerosol size distribution: init_aerosol_type = ', I1,/ &
1168	' Gas concentrations: init_gases_type = ', I1 )
1169	18 FORMAT ( ' Mode diametres: dpg(nmod) = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1170	' Standard deviation: sigmag(nmod) = ', 7(F7.2),/ &
1171	' Number concentration: n_lognorm(nmod) = ', 7(ES12.4E3), ' (#/m3)' )
1172	19 FORMAT (/' Size distribution read from a file.')
1173	20 FORMAT (/' Nesting for salsa variables: ', L1 )
1174	21 FORMAT (/' Emissions: salsa_emission_mode = ', A )
1175	22 FORMAT (/' surface_aerosol_flux = ', ES12.4E3, ' #/m**2/s', / &
1176	' aerosol_flux_dpg = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1177	' aerosol_flux_sigmag = ', 7(F7.2), / &
1178	' aerosol_mass_fracs_a = ', 7(ES12.4E3) )
1179	23 FORMAT (/' (currently all emissions are soluble!)')
1180
1181	END SUBROUTINE salsa_header
1182
1183	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1184	! Description:
1185	! ------------
1186	!> Allocate SALSA arrays and define pointers if required
1187	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1188	SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1189
1190	USE advec_ws, &
1191	ONLY: ws_init_flags_scalar
1192
1193	USE surface_mod, &
1194	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
1195
1196	IMPLICIT NONE
1197
1198	INTEGER(iwp) :: gases_available !< Number of available gas components in the chemistry model
1199	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index for allocating
1200	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< index for indexing chemical components
1201	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for allocating: surfaces
1202	INTEGER(iwp) :: lsp !< loop index for chem species in the chemistry model
1203
1204	gases_available = 0
1205	!
1206	!-- Allocate prognostic variables (see salsa_swap_timelevel)
1207	!
1208	!-- Set derived indices:
1209	!-- (This does the same as the subroutine salsa_initialize in SALSA/UCLALES-SALSA)
1210	start_subrange_1a = 1 ! 1st index of subrange 1a
1211	start_subrange_2a = start_subrange_1a + nbin(1) ! 1st index of subrange 2a
1212	end_subrange_1a = start_subrange_2a - 1 ! last index of subrange 1a
1213	end_subrange_2a = end_subrange_1a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2a
1214
1215	!
1216	!-- If the fraction of insoluble aerosols in subrange 2 is zero: do not allocate arrays for them
1217	IF ( nf2a > 0.999999_wp .AND. SUM( mass_fracs_b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1218	no_insoluble = .TRUE.
1219	start_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a+1 ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1220	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a ! last index of subrange 2b
1221	ELSE
1222	start_subrange_2b = start_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1223	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2b
1224	ENDIF
1225
1226	nbins_aerosol = end_subrange_2b ! total number of aerosol size bins
1227	!
1228	!-- Create index tables for different aerosol components
1229	CALL component_index_constructor( prtcl, ncc, maxspec, listspec )
1230
1231	ncomponents_mass = ncc
1232	IF ( advect_particle_water ) ncomponents_mass = ncc + 1 ! Add water
1233	!
1234	!-- Indices for chemical components used (-1 = not used)
1235	ii = 0
1236	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SO4' ) ) THEN
1237	index_so4 = get_index( prtcl,'SO4' )
1238	ii = ii + 1
1239	ENDIF
1240	IF ( is_used( prtcl,'OC' ) ) THEN
1241	index_oc = get_index(prtcl, 'OC')
1242	ii = ii + 1
1243	ENDIF
1244	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'BC' ) ) THEN
1245	index_bc = get_index( prtcl, 'BC' )
1246	ii = ii + 1
1247	ENDIF
1248	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'DU' ) ) THEN
1249	index_du = get_index( prtcl, 'DU' )
1250	ii = ii + 1
1251	ENDIF
1252	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SS' ) ) THEN
1253	index_ss = get_index( prtcl, 'SS' )
1254	ii = ii + 1
1255	ENDIF
1256	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NO' ) ) THEN
1257	index_no = get_index( prtcl, 'NO' )
1258	ii = ii + 1
1259	ENDIF
1260	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NH' ) ) THEN
1261	index_nh = get_index( prtcl, 'NH' )
1262	ii = ii + 1
1263	ENDIF
1264	!
1265	!-- All species must be known
1266	IF ( ii /= ncc ) THEN
1267	message_string = 'Unknown aerosol species/component(s) given in the initialization'
1268	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: salsa_init', 'PA0600', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1269	ENDIF
1270	!
1271	!-- Allocate:
1272	ALLOCATE( aero(nbins_aerosol), bc_am_t_val(nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass), &
1273	bc_an_t_val(nbins_aerosol), bc_gt_t_val(ngases_salsa), bin_low_limits(nbins_aerosol),&
1274	nsect(nbins_aerosol), massacc(nbins_aerosol) )
1275	ALLOCATE( k_topo_top(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1276	IF ( nldepo ) ALLOCATE( sedim_vd(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1277	ALLOCATE( ra_dry(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1278	!
1279	!-- Initialise the sectional particle size distribution
1280	CALL set_sizebins
1281	!
1282	!-- Aerosol number concentration
1283	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(nbins_aerosol) )
1284	ALLOCATE( nconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1285	nconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1286	nconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1287	nconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1288	nconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1289	nconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1290
1291	DO i = 1, nbins_aerosol
1292	aerosol_number(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1293	aerosol_number(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1294	aerosol_number(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1295	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1296	aerosol_number(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1297	aerosol_number(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1298	aerosol_number(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1299	aerosol_number(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1300	aerosol_number(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1301	aerosol_number(i)%init = nclim
1302	IF ( include_emission .OR. ( nldepo .AND. nldepo_surf ) ) THEN
1303	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%source(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1304	aerosol_number(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1305	ENDIF
1306	ENDDO
1307
1308	!
1309	!-- Aerosol mass concentration
1310	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1311	ALLOCATE( mconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1312	mconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1313	mconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1314	mconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1315	mconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1316	mconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1317
1318	DO i = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1319	aerosol_mass(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1320	aerosol_mass(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1321	aerosol_mass(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1322	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1323	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1324	aerosol_mass(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1325	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1326	aerosol_mass(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1327	aerosol_mass(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1328	aerosol_mass(i)%init = mclim
1329	IF ( include_emission .OR. ( nldepo .AND. nldepo_surf ) ) THEN
1330	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%source(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1331	aerosol_mass(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1332	ENDIF
1333	ENDDO
1334
1335	!
1336	!-- Surface fluxes: answs = aerosol number, amsws = aerosol mass
1337	!
1338	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1339	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1340	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1341	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1342	surf_def_h(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1343	surf_def_h(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1344	ENDDO
1345	!
1346	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1347	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%answs( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1348	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1349	surf_lsm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1350	surf_lsm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1351	!
1352	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1353	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%answs( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1354	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%amsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1355	surf_usm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1356	surf_usm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1357
1358	!
1359	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and westward (l=3) facing
1360	DO l = 0, 3
1361	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1362	surf_def_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1363	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1364	surf_def_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1365
1366	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1367	surf_lsm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1368	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1369	surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1370
1371	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1372	surf_usm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1373	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1374	surf_usm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1375
1376	ENDDO
1377
1378	!
1379	!-- Concentration of gaseous tracers (1. SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV, 5. OCSV)
1380	!-- (number concentration (#/m3) )
1381	!
1382	!-- If chemistry is on, read gas phase concentrations from there. Otherwise,
1383	!-- allocate salsa_gas array.
1384
1385	IF ( air_chemistry ) THEN
1386	DO lsp = 1, nvar
1387	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( chem_species(lsp)%name ) )
1388	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'h2so4' )
1389	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1390	gas_index_chem(1) = lsp
1391	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3' )
1392	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1393	gas_index_chem(2) = lsp
1394	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3' )
1395	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1396	gas_index_chem(3) = lsp
1397	CASE ( 'OCNV', 'ocnv' )
1398	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1399	gas_index_chem(4) = lsp
1400	CASE ( 'OCSV', 'ocsv' )
1401	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1402	gas_index_chem(5) = lsp
1403	END SELECT
1404	ENDDO
1405
1406	IF ( gases_available == ngases_salsa ) THEN
1407	salsa_gases_from_chem = .TRUE.
1408	ELSE
1409	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'SALSA is run together with chemistry but not all gaseous '// &
1410	'components are provided by kpp (H2SO4, HNO3, NH3, OCNV, OCSV)'
1411	CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0599', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1412	ENDIF
1413
1414	ELSE
1415
1416	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(ngases_salsa) )
1417	ALLOCATE( gconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1418	gconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1419	gconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa) )
1420	gconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1421	gconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1422	gconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1423
1424	DO i = 1, ngases_salsa
1425	salsa_gas(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1426	salsa_gas(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1427	salsa_gas(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1428	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1429	salsa_gas(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1430	salsa_gas(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1431	salsa_gas(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1432	salsa_gas(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1433	salsa_gas(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1434	salsa_gas(i)%init = nclim
1435	IF ( include_emission ) THEN
1436	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%source(nys:nys,nxl:nxr) )
1437	salsa_gas(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1438	ENDIF
1439	ENDDO
1440	!
1441	!-- Surface fluxes: gtsws = gaseous tracer flux
1442	!
1443	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1444	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1445	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1446	surf_def_h(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1447	ENDDO
1448	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1449	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1450	surf_lsm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1451	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1452	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1453	surf_usm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1454	!
1455	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and
1456	!-- westward (l=3) facing
1457	DO l = 0, 3
1458	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1459	surf_def_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1460	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1461	surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1462	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1463	surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1464	ENDDO
1465	ENDIF
1466
1467	IF ( ws_scheme_sca ) THEN
1468
1469	IF ( salsa ) THEN
1470	ALLOCATE( sums_salsa_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1471	sums_salsa_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1472	ENDIF
1473
1474	ENDIF
1475	!
1476	!-- Set control flags for decycling only at lateral boundary cores. Within the inner cores the
1477	!-- decycle flag is set to .FALSE.. Even though it does not affect the setting of chemistry boundary
1478	!-- conditions, this flag is used to set advection control flags appropriately.
1479	decycle_salsa_lr = MERGE( decycle_salsa_lr, .FALSE., nxl == 0 .OR. nxr == nx )
1480	decycle_salsa_ns = MERGE( decycle_salsa_ns, .FALSE., nys == 0 .OR. nyn == ny )
1481	!
1482	!-- Decycling can be applied separately for aerosol variables, while wind and other scalars may have
1483	!-- cyclic or nested boundary conditions. However, large gradients near the boundaries may produce
1484	!-- stationary numerical oscillations near the lateral boundaries when a higher-order scheme is
1485	!-- applied near these boundaries. To get rid-off this, set-up additional flags that control the
1486	!-- order of the scalar advection scheme near the lateral boundaries for passive scalars with
1487	!-- decycling.
1488	IF ( scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' ) THEN
1489	ALLOCATE( salsa_advc_flags_s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1490	!
1491	!-- In case of decycling, set Neuman boundary conditions for wall_flags_0 bit 31 instead of
1492	!-- cyclic boundary conditions. Bit 31 is used to identify extended degradation zones (please see
1493	!-- the following comment). Note, since several also other modules may access this bit but may
1494	!-- have other boundary conditions, the original value of wall_flags_0 bit 31 must not be
1495	!-- modified. Hence, store the boundary conditions directly on salsa_advc_flags_s.
1496	!-- salsa_advc_flags_s will be later overwritten in ws_init_flags_scalar and bit 31 won't be used
1497	!-- to control the numerical order.
1498	!-- Initialize with flag 31 only.
1499	salsa_advc_flags_s = 0
1500	salsa_advc_flags_s = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s, 31 ), 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0, 31 ) )
1501
1502	IF ( decycle_salsa_ns ) THEN
1503	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
1504	DO i = 1, nbgp
1505	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys-i,:) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ), &
1506	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ), &
1507	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ) )
1508	ENDDO
1509	ENDIF
1510	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1511	DO i = 1, nbgp
1512	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn+i,:) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ), &
1513	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ), &
1514	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ) )
1515	ENDDO
1516	ENDIF
1517	ENDIF
1518	IF ( decycle_salsa_lr ) THEN
1519	IF ( nxl == 0 ) THEN
1520	DO i = 1, nbgp
1521	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl-i) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ), &
1522	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ), &
1523	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ) )
1524	ENDDO
1525	ENDIF
1526	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1527	DO i = 1, nbgp
1528	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr+i) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ), &
1529	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ), &
1530	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ) )
1531	ENDDO
1532	ENDIF
1533	ENDIF
1534	!
1535	!-- To initialise the advection flags appropriately, pass the boundary flags to
1536	!-- ws_init_flags_scalar. The last argument in ws_init_flags_scalar indicates that a passive
1537	!-- scalar is being treated and the horizontal advection terms are degraded already 2 grid points
1538	!-- before the lateral boundary. Also, extended degradation zones are applied, where
1539	!-- horizontal advection of scalars is discretised by the first-order scheme at all grid points
1540	!-- in the vicinity of buildings (<= 3 grid points). Even though no building is within the
1541	!-- numerical stencil, the first-order scheme is used. At fourth and fifth grid points, the order
1542	!-- of the horizontal advection scheme is successively upgraded.
1543	!-- These degradations of the advection scheme are done to avoid stationary numerical
1544	!-- oscillations, which are responsible for high concentration maxima that may appear e.g. under
1545	!-- shear-free stable conditions.
1546	CALL ws_init_flags_scalar( bc_dirichlet_l .OR. bc_radiation_l .OR. decycle_salsa_lr, &
1547	bc_dirichlet_n .OR. bc_radiation_n .OR. decycle_salsa_ns, &
1548	bc_dirichlet_r .OR. bc_radiation_r .OR. decycle_salsa_lr, &
1549	bc_dirichlet_s .OR. bc_radiation_s .OR. decycle_salsa_ns, &
1550	salsa_advc_flags_s, .TRUE. )
1551	ENDIF
1552
1553
1554	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1555
1556	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1557	! Description:
1558	! ------------
1559	!> Initialization of SALSA. Based on salsa_initialize in UCLALES-SALSA.
1560	!> Subroutines salsa_initialize, SALSAinit and DiagInitAero in UCLALES-SALSA are
1561	!> also merged here.
1562	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1563	SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1564
1565	IMPLICIT NONE
1566
1567	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
1568	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index for aerosol number bins
1569	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index for aerosol mass bins
1570	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index for gases
1571	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
1572
1573	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'salsa_init', 'start' )
1574
1575	bin_low_limits = 0.0_wp
1576	k_topo_top = 0
1577	nsect = 0.0_wp
1578	massacc = 1.0_wp
1579	!
1580	!-- Initialise
1581	IF ( nldepo ) sedim_vd = 0.0_wp
1582
1583	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1584	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
1585	salsa_gas(1)%conc = h2so4_init
1586	salsa_gas(2)%conc = hno3_init
1587	salsa_gas(3)%conc = nh3_init
1588	salsa_gas(4)%conc = ocnv_init
1589	salsa_gas(5)%conc = ocsv_init
1590	ENDIF
1591	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1592	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1593	salsa_gas(ig)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1594	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1595	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1596	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1597	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1598	salsa_gas(ig)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1599	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = salsa_gas(ig)%conc
1600	ENDDO
1601	!
1602	!-- Set initial value for gas compound tracer
1603	salsa_gas(1)%init = h2so4_init
1604	salsa_gas(2)%init = hno3_init
1605	salsa_gas(3)%init = nh3_init
1606	salsa_gas(4)%init = ocnv_init
1607	salsa_gas(5)%init = ocsv_init
1608	ENDIF
1609	!
1610	!-- Aerosol radius in each bin: dry and wet (m)
1611	ra_dry = 1.0E-10_wp
1612	!
1613	!-- Initialise location-dependent aerosol size distributions and chemical compositions:
1614	CALL aerosol_init
1615
1616	!-- Initalisation run of SALSA + calculate the vertical top index of the topography
1617	DO i = nxl, nxr
1618	DO j = nys, nyn
1619
1620	k_topo_top(j,i) = MAXLOC( MERGE( 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,i), 12 ) ), DIM = 1 ) - 1
1621
1622	CALL salsa_driver( i, j, 1 )
1623	CALL salsa_diagnostics( i, j )
1624	ENDDO
1625	ENDDO
1626
1627	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
1628	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p = aerosol_number(ib)%conc
1629	aerosol_number(ib)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1630	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1631	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1632	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1633	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1634	aerosol_number(ib)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1635	ENDDO
1636	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1637	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc_p = aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
1638	aerosol_mass(ic)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1639	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1640	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1641	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1642	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1643	aerosol_mass(ic)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1644	ENDDO
1645	!
1646	!
1647	!-- Initialise the deposition scheme and surface types
1648	IF ( nldepo ) CALL init_deposition
1649
1650	IF ( include_emission ) THEN
1651	!
1652	!-- Read in and initialize emissions
1653	CALL salsa_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1654	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem .AND. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) THEN
1655	CALL salsa_gas_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1656	ENDIF
1657	ENDIF
1658	!
1659	!-- Partition and dissolutional growth by gaseous HNO3 and NH3
1660	IF ( index_no > 0 .AND. index_nh > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) lspartition = .TRUE.
1661
1662	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'salsa_init', 'end' )
1663
1664	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1665
1666	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1667	! Description:
1668	! ------------
1669	!> Initializes particle size distribution grid by calculating size bin limits
1670	!> and mid-size for dry particles in each bin. Called from salsa_initialize
1671	!> (only at the beginning of simulation).
1672	!> Size distribution described using:
1673	!> 1) moving center method (subranges 1 and 2)
1674	!> (Jacobson, Atmos. Env., 31, 131-144, 1997)
1675	!> 2) fixed sectional method (subrange 3)
1676	!> Size bins in each subrange are spaced logarithmically
1677	!> based on given subrange size limits and bin number.
1678	!
1679	!> Mona changed 06/2017: Use geometric mean diameter to describe the mean
1680	!> particle diameter in a size bin, not the arithmeric mean which clearly
1681	!> overestimates the total particle volume concentration.
1682	!
1683	!> Coded by:
1684	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
1685	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
1686	!
1687	!> Bug fixes for box model + updated for the new aerosol datatype:
1688	!> Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
1689	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1690	SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1691
1692	IMPLICIT NONE
1693
1694	INTEGER(iwp) :: cc !< running index
1695	INTEGER(iwp) :: dd !< running index
1696
1697	REAL(wp) :: ratio_d !< ratio of the upper and lower diameter of subranges
1698
1699	aero(:)%dwet = 1.0E-10_wp
1700	aero(:)%veqh2o = 1.0E-10_wp
1701	aero(:)%numc = nclim
1702	aero(:)%core = 1.0E-10_wp
1703	DO cc = 1, maxspec+1 ! 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
1704	aero(:)%volc(cc) = 0.0_wp
1705	ENDDO
1706	!
1707	!-- vlolim&vhilim: min & max dry volumes [fxm]
1708	!-- dmid: bin mid dry diameter (m)
1709	!-- vratiolo&vratiohi: volume ratio between the center and low/high limit
1710	!
1711	!-- 1) Size subrange 1:
1712	ratio_d = reglim(2) / reglim(1) ! section spacing (m)
1713	DO cc = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1714	aero(cc)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc-1 ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1715	aero(cc)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1716	aero(cc)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(cc)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1717	( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1718	aero(cc)%vratiohi = aero(cc)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1719	aero(cc)%vratiolo = aero(cc)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1720	ENDDO
1721	!
1722	!-- 2) Size subrange 2:
1723	!-- 2.1) Sub-subrange 2a: high hygroscopicity
1724	ratio_d = reglim(3) / reglim(2) ! section spacing
1725	DO dd = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
1726	cc = dd - start_subrange_2a
1727	aero(dd)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1728	aero(dd)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc+1 ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1729	aero(dd)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(dd)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1730	( aero(dd)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1731	aero(dd)%vratiohi = aero(dd)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1732	aero(dd)%vratiolo = aero(dd)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1733	ENDDO
1734	!
1735	!-- 2.2) Sub-subrange 2b: low hygroscopicity
1736	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
1737	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vlolim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vlolim
1738	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vhilim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vhilim
1739	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%dmid = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%dmid
1740	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiohi = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiohi
1741	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiolo = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiolo
1742	ENDIF
1743	!
1744	!-- Initialize the wet diameter with the bin dry diameter to avoid numerical problems later
1745	aero(:)%dwet = aero(:)%dmid
1746	!
1747	!-- Save bin limits (lower diameter) to be delivered to PALM if needed
1748	DO cc = 1, nbins_aerosol
1749	bin_low_limits(cc) = ( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
1750	ENDDO
1751
1752	END SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1753
1754	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1755	! Description:
1756	! ------------
1757	!> Initilize altitude-dependent aerosol size distributions and compositions.
1758	!>
1759	!> Mona added 06/2017: Correct the number and mass concentrations by normalizing
1760	!< by the given total number and mass concentration.
1761	!>
1762	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
1763	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1764	SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
1765
1766	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
1767	ONLY: check_existence, close_input_file, get_dimension_length, &
1768	get_attribute, get_variable, &
1769	inquire_num_variables, inquire_variable_names, &
1770	open_read_file
1771
1772	IMPLICIT NONE
1773
1774	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !< chemical component name
1775	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !< variable names
1776
1777	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
1778	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index: x-direction
1779	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index: size bins
1780	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index: chemical components
1781	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_dyn !< NetCDF id of PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1782	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index: gases
1783	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index: y-direction
1784	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index: z-direction
1785	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_aero !< level of detail of inital aerosol concentrations
1786	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
1787	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nbins !< number of aerosol size bins in file
1788	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_ncc !< number of aerosol chemical components in file
1789	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nz !< number of vertical grid-points in file
1790	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< running mode of SALSA
1791	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
1792
1793	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_in2mod
1794
1795	LOGICAL :: netcdf_extend = .FALSE. !< Flag: netcdf file exists
1796
1797	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
1798
1799	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: core !< size of the bin mid aerosol particle
1800
1801	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pnf2a !< number fraction in 2a
1802	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pmfoc1a !< mass fraction of OC in 1a
1803
1804	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol) :: pndist !< vertical profile of size dist. (#/m3)
1805	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2a !< mass distributions in subrange 2a
1806	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2b !< mass distributions in subrange 2b
1807
1808	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_dmid !< vertical profile of aerosol bin diameters
1809	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_z !< z levels of profiles
1810
1811	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_a !< mass fraction: a
1812	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_b !< and b
1813
1814	cc_in2mod = 0
1815	prunmode = 1
1816	!
1817	!-- Bin mean aerosol particle volume (m3)
1818	core(1:nbins_aerosol) = api6 * aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid**3
1819	!
1820	!-- Set concentrations to zero
1821	pndist(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1822	pnf2a(:) = nf2a
1823	pmf2a(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1824	pmf2b(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1825	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1826
1827	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 1 ) THEN
1828	!
1829	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1830	#if defined( __netcdf )
1831	!
1832	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1833	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
1834	IF ( netcdf_extend ) THEN
1835	!
1836	!-- Open file in read-only mode
1837	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
1838	!
1839	!-- At first, inquire all variable names
1840	CALL inquire_num_variables( id_dyn, num_vars )
1841	!
1842	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names
1843	ALLOCATE( var_names(1:num_vars) )
1844	CALL inquire_variable_names( id_dyn, var_names )
1845	!
1846	!-- Inquire vertical dimension and number of aerosol chemical components
1847	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
1848	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
1849	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
1850	'the number of numeric grid points.'
1851	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0601', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1852	ENDIF
1853	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_ncc, 'composition_index' )
1854	!
1855	!-- Allocate memory
1856	ALLOCATE( pr_z(1:pr_nz), pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc), &
1857	pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc) )
1858	pr_mass_fracs_a = 0.0_wp
1859	pr_mass_fracs_b = 0.0_wp
1860	!
1861	!-- Read vertical levels
1862	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'z', pr_z )
1863	!
1864	!-- Read the names of chemical components
1865	IF ( check_existence( var_names, 'composition_name' ) ) THEN
1866	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'composition_name', cc_name, pr_ncc )
1867	ELSE
1868	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Missing composition_name in ' // TRIM( input_file_dynamic )
1869	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0655', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1870	ENDIF
1871	!
1872	!-- Define the index of each chemical component in the model
1873	DO ic = 1, pr_ncc
1874	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( cc_name(ic) ) )
1875	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'SO4', 'h2so4', 'so4' )
1876	cc_in2mod(1) = ic
1877	CASE ( 'OC', 'oc' )
1878	cc_in2mod(2) = ic
1879	CASE ( 'BC', 'bc' )
1880	cc_in2mod(3) = ic
1881	CASE ( 'DU', 'du' )
1882	cc_in2mod(4) = ic
1883	CASE ( 'SS', 'ss' )
1884	cc_in2mod(5) = ic
1885	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3', 'NO3', 'no3', 'NO', 'no' )
1886	cc_in2mod(6) = ic
1887	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3', 'NH4', 'nh4', 'NH', 'nh' )
1888	cc_in2mod(7) = ic
1889	END SELECT
1890	ENDDO
1891
1892	IF ( SUM( cc_in2mod ) == 0 ) THEN
1893	message_string = 'None of the aerosol chemical components in ' // TRIM( &
1894	input_file_dynamic ) // ' correspond to ones applied in SALSA.'
1895	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0602', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1896	ENDIF
1897	!
1898	!-- Vertical profiles of mass fractions of different chemical components:
1899	IF ( check_existence( var_names, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a' ) ) THEN
1900	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a', pr_mass_fracs_a, &
1901	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1902	ELSE
1903	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Missing init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a in ' // &
1904	TRIM( input_file_dynamic )
1905	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0656', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1906	ENDIF
1907	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_b', pr_mass_fracs_b, &
1908	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1909	!
1910	!-- Match the input data with the chemical composition applied in the model
1911	DO ic = 1, maxspec
1912	ss = cc_in2mod(ic)
1913	IF ( ss == 0 ) CYCLE
1914	pmf2a(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt,ss)
1915	pmf2b(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt,ss)
1916	ENDDO
1917	!
1918	!-- Aerosol concentrations: lod=1 (vertical profile of sectional number size distribution)
1919	CALL get_attribute( id_dyn, 'lod', lod_aero, .FALSE., 'init_atmosphere_aerosol' )
1920	IF ( lod_aero /= 1 ) THEN
1921	message_string = 'Currently only lod=1 accepted for init_atmosphere_aerosol'
1922	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0603', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1923	ELSE
1924	!
1925	!-- Bin mean diameters in the input file
1926	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nbins, 'Dmid')
1927	IF ( pr_nbins /= nbins_aerosol ) THEN
1928	message_string = 'Number of size bins in init_atmosphere_aerosol does not match ' &
1929	// 'with that applied in the model'
1930	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0604', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1931	ENDIF
1932
1933	ALLOCATE( pr_dmid(pr_nbins) )
1934	pr_dmid = 0.0_wp
1935
1936	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'Dmid', pr_dmid )
1937	!
1938	!-- Check whether the sectional representation conform to the one
1939	!-- applied in the model
1940	IF ( ANY( ABS( ( aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid - pr_dmid ) / &
1941	aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid ) > 0.1_wp ) ) THEN
1942	message_string = 'Mean diameters of the aerosol size bins in ' // TRIM( &
1943	input_file_dynamic ) // ' do not match with the sectional '// &
1944	'representation of the model.'
1945	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0605', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1946	ENDIF
1947	!
1948	!-- Inital aerosol concentrations
1949	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_aerosol', pndist(nzb+1:nzt,:), &
1950	0, pr_nbins-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1951	ENDIF
1952	!
1953	!-- Set bottom and top boundary condition (Neumann)
1954	pmf2a(nzb,:) = pmf2a(nzb+1,:)
1955	pmf2a(nzt+1,:) = pmf2a(nzt,:)
1956	pmf2b(nzb,:) = pmf2b(nzb+1,:)
1957	pmf2b(nzt+1,:) = pmf2b(nzt,:)
1958	pndist(nzb,:) = pndist(nzb+1,:)
1959	pndist(nzt+1,:) = pndist(nzt,:)
1960
1961	IF ( index_so4 < 0 ) THEN
1962	pmf2a(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1963	pmf2b(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1964	ENDIF
1965	IF ( index_oc < 0 ) THEN
1966	pmf2a(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1967	pmf2b(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1968	ENDIF
1969	IF ( index_bc < 0 ) THEN
1970	pmf2a(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1971	pmf2b(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1972	ENDIF
1973	IF ( index_du < 0 ) THEN
1974	pmf2a(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1975	pmf2b(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1976	ENDIF
1977	IF ( index_ss < 0 ) THEN
1978	pmf2a(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1979	pmf2b(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1980	ENDIF
1981	IF ( index_no < 0 ) THEN
1982	pmf2a(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1983	pmf2b(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1984	ENDIF
1985	IF ( index_nh < 0 ) THEN
1986	pmf2a(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1987	pmf2b(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1988	ENDIF
1989
1990	IF ( SUM( pmf2a ) < 0.00001_wp .AND. SUM( pmf2b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1991	message_string = 'Error in initialising mass fractions of chemical components. ' // &
1992	'Check that all chemical components are included in parameter file!'
1993	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0606', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1994	ENDIF
1995	!
1996	!-- Then normalise the mass fraction so that SUM = 1
1997	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1998	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
1999	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
2000	ENDDO
2001
2002	DEALLOCATE( pr_z, pr_mass_fracs_a, pr_mass_fracs_b )
2003
2004	ELSE
2005	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
2006	' for SALSA missing!'
2007	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0607', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2008	!
2009	!-- Close input file
2010	CALL close_input_file( id_dyn )
2011	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
2012
2013	#else
2014	message_string = 'init_aerosol_type = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used '// &
2015	'in compiling!'
2016	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0608', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2017
2018	#endif
2019
2020	ELSEIF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) THEN
2021	!
2022	!-- Mass fractions for species in a and b-bins
2023	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2024	pmf2a(:,1) = mass_fracs_a(index_so4)
2025	pmf2b(:,1) = mass_fracs_b(index_so4)
2026	ENDIF
2027	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2028	pmf2a(:,2) = mass_fracs_a(index_oc)
2029	pmf2b(:,2) = mass_fracs_b(index_oc)
2030	ENDIF
2031	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2032	pmf2a(:,3) = mass_fracs_a(index_bc)
2033	pmf2b(:,3) = mass_fracs_b(index_bc)
2034	ENDIF
2035	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2036	pmf2a(:,4) = mass_fracs_a(index_du)
2037	pmf2b(:,4) = mass_fracs_b(index_du)
2038	ENDIF
2039	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2040	pmf2a(:,5) = mass_fracs_a(index_ss)
2041	pmf2b(:,5) = mass_fracs_b(index_ss)
2042	ENDIF
2043	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2044	pmf2a(:,6) = mass_fracs_a(index_no)
2045	pmf2b(:,6) = mass_fracs_b(index_no)
2046	ENDIF
2047	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2048	pmf2a(:,7) = mass_fracs_a(index_nh)
2049	pmf2b(:,7) = mass_fracs_b(index_nh)
2050	ENDIF
2051	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2052	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
2053	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
2054	ENDDO
2055
2056	CALL size_distribution( n_lognorm, dpg, sigmag, nsect )
2057	!
2058	!-- Normalize by the given total number concentration
2059	nsect = nsect * SUM( n_lognorm ) / SUM( nsect )
2060	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
2061	pndist(:,ib) = nsect(ib)
2062	ENDDO
2063	ENDIF
2064
2065	IF ( init_gases_type == 1 ) THEN
2066	!
2067	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_CHEM
2068	#if defined( __netcdf )
2069	!
2070	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
2071	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
2072	IF ( netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2073	!
2074	!-- Open file in read-only mode
2075	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
2076	!
2077	!-- Inquire dimensions:
2078	CALL get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
2079	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
2080	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
2081	'the number of numeric grid points.'
2082	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0609', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2083	ENDIF
2084	!
2085	!-- Read vertical profiles of gases:
2086	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_h2so4', salsa_gas(1)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2087	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_hno3', salsa_gas(2)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2088	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_nh3', salsa_gas(3)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2089	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocnv', salsa_gas(4)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2090	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocsv', salsa_gas(5)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2091	!
2092	!-- Set Neumann top and surface boundary condition for initial + initialise concentrations
2093	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2094	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb+1)
2095	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt+1) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt)
2096	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2097	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2098	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(k,:,:) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(k)
2099	ENDDO
2100	ENDIF
2101	ENDDO
2102
2103	ELSEIF ( .NOT. netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2104	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
2105	' for SALSA missing!'
2106	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0610', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2107	!
2108	!-- Close input file
2109	CALL close_input_file( id_dyn )
2110	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
2111	#else
2112	message_string = 'init_gases_type = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used in '//&
2113	'compiling!'
2114	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0611', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2115
2116	#endif
2117
2118	ENDIF
2119	!
2120	!-- Both SO4 and OC are included, so use the given mass fractions
2121	IF ( index_oc > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2122	pmfoc1a(:) = pmf2a(:,2) / ( pmf2a(:,2) + pmf2a(:,1) ) ! Normalize
2123	!
2124	!-- Pure organic carbon
2125	ELSEIF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2126	pmfoc1a(:) = 1.0_wp
2127	!
2128	!-- Pure SO4
2129	ELSEIF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2130	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
2131
2132	ELSE
2133	message_string = 'Either OC or SO4 must be active for aerosol region 1a!'
2134	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0612', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2135	ENDIF
2136
2137	!
2138	!-- Initialize concentrations
2139	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2140	DO j = nysg, nyng
2141	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2142	!
2143	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2144	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2145	!
2146	!-- a) Number concentrations
2147	!-- Region 1:
2148	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
2149	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2150	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = pndist(k,ib) * flag
2151	ENDIF
2152	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2153	aerosol_number(ib)%init = pndist(:,ib)
2154	ENDIF
2155	ENDDO
2156	!
2157	!-- Region 2:
2158	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
2159	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
2160	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2161	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pnf2a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * flag
2162	ENDIF
2163	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2164	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
2165	ENDIF
2166	ENDDO
2167	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2168	DO ib = start_subrange_2b, end_subrange_2b
2169	IF ( pnf2a(k) < 1.0_wp ) THEN
2170	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2171	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2172	pndist(k,ib) * flag
2173	ENDIF
2174	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2175	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
2176	ENDIF
2177	ENDIF
2178	ENDDO
2179	ENDIF
2180	ENDIF
2181	!
2182	!-- b) Aerosol mass concentrations
2183	!-- bin subrange 1: done here separately due to the SO4/OC convention
2184	!
2185	!-- SO4:
2186	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2187	ss = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
2188	ee = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
2189	ib = start_subrange_1a
2190	DO ic = ss, ee
2191	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2192	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * &
2193	pndist(k,ib) * core(ib) * arhoh2so4 * flag
2194	ENDIF
2195	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2196	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) &
2197	* core(ib) * arhoh2so4
2198	ENDIF
2199	ib = ib+1
2200	ENDDO
2201	ENDIF
2202	!
2203	!-- OC:
2204	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2205	ss = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
2206	ee = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
2207	ib = start_subrange_1a
2208	DO ic = ss, ee
2209	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2210	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2211	core(ib) * arhooc * flag
2212	ENDIF
2213	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2214	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2215	core(ib) * arhooc
2216	ENDIF
2217	ib = ib+1
2218	ENDDO
2219	ENDIF
2220	ENDDO !< k
2221
2222	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2223
2224	ENDDO !< j
2225	ENDDO !< i
2226
2227	!
2228	!-- c) Aerosol mass concentrations
2229	!-- bin subrange 2:
2230	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
2231
2232	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2233	CALL set_aero_mass( index_so4, pmf2a(:,1), pmf2b(:,1), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoh2so4 )
2234	ENDIF
2235	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2236	CALL set_aero_mass( index_oc, pmf2a(:,2), pmf2b(:,2), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhooc )
2237	ENDIF
2238	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2239	CALL set_aero_mass( index_bc, pmf2a(:,3), pmf2b(:,3), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhobc )
2240	ENDIF
2241	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2242	CALL set_aero_mass( index_du, pmf2a(:,4), pmf2b(:,4), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhodu )
2243	ENDIF
2244	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2245	CALL set_aero_mass( index_ss, pmf2a(:,5), pmf2b(:,5), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoss )
2246	ENDIF
2247	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2248	CALL set_aero_mass( index_no, pmf2a(:,6), pmf2b(:,6), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhohno3 )
2249	ENDIF
2250	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2251	CALL set_aero_mass( index_nh, pmf2a(:,7), pmf2b(:,7), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhonh3 )
2252	ENDIF
2253
2254	ENDIF
2255
2256	END SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
2257
2258	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2259	! Description:
2260	! ------------
2261	!> Create a lognormal size distribution and discretise to a sectional
2262	!> representation.
2263	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2264	SUBROUTINE size_distribution( in_ntot, in_dpg, in_sigma, psd_sect )
2265
2266	IMPLICIT NONE
2267
2268	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< running index: bin
2269	INTEGER(iwp) :: iteration !< running index: iteration
2270
2271	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2272	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2273	REAL(wp) :: delta_d !< (d2-d1)/10
2274	REAL(wp) :: deltadp !< bin width
2275	REAL(wp) :: dmidi !< ( d1 + d2 ) / 2
2276
2277	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_dpg !< geometric mean diameter (m)
2278	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_ntot !< number conc. (#/m3)
2279	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_sigma !< standard deviation
2280
2281	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: psd_sect !< sectional size distribution
2282
2283	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
2284	psd_sect(ib) = 0.0_wp
2285	!
2286	!-- Particle diameter at the low limit (largest in the bin) (m)
2287	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2288	!
2289	!-- Particle diameter at the high limit (smallest in the bin) (m)
2290	d2 = ( aero(ib)%vhilim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2291	!
2292	!-- Span of particle diameter in a bin (m)
2293	delta_d = 0.1_wp * ( d2 - d1 )
2294	!
2295	!-- Iterate:
2296	DO iteration = 1, 10
2297	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp + ( ib - 1) delta_d
2298	d2 = d1 + delta_d
2299	dmidi = 0.5_wp * ( d1 + d2 )
2300	deltadp = LOG10( d2 / d1 )
2301	!
2302	!-- Size distribution
2303	!-- in_ntot = total number, total area, or total volume concentration
2304	!-- in_dpg = geometric-mean number, area, or volume diameter
2305	!-- n(k) = number, area, or volume concentration in a bin
2306	psd_sect(ib) = psd_sect(ib) + SUM( in_ntot * deltadp / ( SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) * &
2307	LOG10( in_sigma ) ) * EXP( -LOG10( dmidi / in_dpg )**2.0_wp / &
2308	( 2.0_wp * LOG10( in_sigma ) ** 2.0_wp ) ) )
2309
2310	ENDDO
2311	ENDDO
2312
2313	END SUBROUTINE size_distribution
2314
2315	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2316	! Description:
2317	! ------------
2318	!> Sets the mass concentrations to aerosol arrays in 2a and 2b.
2319	!>
2320	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
2321	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2322	SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass( ispec, pmf2a, pmf2b, pnf2a, pndist, pcore, prho )
2323
2324	IMPLICIT NONE
2325
2326	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
2327	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
2328	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2329	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2330	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index
2331	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2332	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< 1 = initialise
2333	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
2334
2335	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: ispec !< Aerosol species index
2336
2337	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2338
2339	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prho !< Aerosol density
2340
2341	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pcore !< Aerosol bin mid core volume
2342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pnf2a !< Number fraction for 2a
2343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2a !< Mass distributions for a
2344	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2b !< and b bins
2345
2346	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pndist !< Aerosol size distribution
2347
2348	prunmode = 1
2349
2350	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2351	DO j = nysg, nyng
2352	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2353	!
2354	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2355	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2356	!
2357	!-- Regime 2a:
2358	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2a
2359	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2a
2360	ib = start_subrange_2a
2361	DO ic = ss, ee
2362	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2363	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib)&
2364	* pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2365	ENDIF
2366	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2367	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2368	pcore(ib) * prho
2369	ENDIF
2370	ib = ib + 1
2371	ENDDO
2372	!
2373	!-- Regime 2b:
2374	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2375	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2b
2376	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2b
2377	ib = start_subrange_2a
2378	DO ic = ss, ee
2379	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2380	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k))&
2381	* pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2382	ENDIF
2383	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2384	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2385	pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho
2386	ENDIF
2387	ib = ib + 1
2388	ENDDO ! c
2389
2390	ENDIF
2391	ENDDO ! k
2392
2393	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2394
2395	ENDDO ! j
2396	ENDDO ! i
2397
2398	END SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass
2399
2400	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2401	! Description:
2402	! ------------
2403	!> Initialise the matching between surface types in LSM and deposition models.
2404	!> Do the matching based on Zhang et al. (2001). Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560
2405	!> (here referred as Z01).
2406	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2407	SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2408
2409	USE surface_mod, &
2410	ONLY: surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2411
2412	IMPLICIT NONE
2413
2414	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for vertical surfaces
2415
2416	LOGICAL :: match_lsm !< flag to initilise LSM surfaces (if false, initialise USM surfaces)
2417
2418	IF ( depo_pcm_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
2419	depo_pcm_par_num = 1
2420	ELSEIF ( depo_pcm_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
2421	depo_pcm_par_num = 2
2422	ENDIF
2423
2424	IF ( depo_surf_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
2425	depo_surf_par_num = 1
2426	ELSEIF ( depo_surf_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
2427	depo_surf_par_num = 2
2428	ENDIF
2429	!
2430	!-- LSM: Pavement, vegetation and water
2431	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. land_surface ) THEN
2432	match_lsm = .TRUE.
2433	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg(1:surf_lsm_h%ns), &
2434	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw(1:surf_lsm_h%ns), &
2435	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww(1:surf_lsm_h%ns) )
2436	lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg = 0
2437	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw = 0
2438	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww = 0
2439	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_lsm_h, lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg, lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw, &
2440	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww, match_lsm )
2441	DO l = 0, 3
2442	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns), &
2443	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns), &
2444	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2445	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg = 0
2446	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw = 0
2447	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww = 0
2448	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_lsm_v(l), lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg, &
2449	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw, lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww, match_lsm )
2450	ENDDO
2451	ENDIF
2452	!
2453	!-- USM: Green roofs/walls, wall surfaces and windows
2454	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. urban_surface ) THEN
2455	match_lsm = .FALSE.
2456	ALLOCATE( usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg(1:surf_usm_h%ns), &
2457	usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw(1:surf_usm_h%ns), &
2458	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww(1:surf_usm_h%ns) )
2459	usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg = 0
2460	usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw = 0
2461	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww = 0
2462	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_usm_h, usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg, usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw, &
2463	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww, match_lsm )
2464	DO l = 0, 3
2465	ALLOCATE( usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns), &
2466	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns), &
2467	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns) )
2468	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg = 0
2469	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw = 0
2470	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww = 0
2471	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_usm_v(l), usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg, &
2472	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw, usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww, match_lsm )
2473	ENDDO
2474	ENDIF
2475
2476	IF ( nldepo_pcm ) THEN
2477	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_type )
2478	CASE ( 'evergreen_needleleaf' )
2479	depo_pcm_type_num = 1
2480	CASE ( 'evergreen_broadleaf' )
2481	depo_pcm_type_num = 2
2482	CASE ( 'deciduous_needleleaf' )
2483	depo_pcm_type_num = 3
2484	CASE ( 'deciduous_broadleaf' )
2485	depo_pcm_type_num = 4
2486	CASE DEFAULT
2487	message_string = 'depo_pcm_type not set correctly.'
2488	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_deposition', 'PA0613', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2489	END SELECT
2490	ENDIF
2491
2492	END SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2493
2494	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2495	! Description:
2496	! ------------
2497	!> Match the surface types in PALM and Zhang et al. 2001 deposition module
2498	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2499	SUBROUTINE match_sm_zhang( surf, match_pav_green, match_veg_wall, match_wat_win, match_lsm )
2500
2501	USE surface_mod, &
2502	ONLY: ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_type
2503
2504	IMPLICIT NONE
2505
2506	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< index for surface elements
2507	INTEGER(iwp) :: pav_type_palm !< pavement / green wall type in PALM
2508	INTEGER(iwp) :: veg_type_palm !< vegetation / wall type in PALM
2509	INTEGER(iwp) :: wat_type_palm !< water / window type in PALM
2510
2511	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_pav_green !< matching pavement/green walls
2512	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_veg_wall !< matching vegetation/walls
2513	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_wat_win !< matching water/windows
2514
2515	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: match_lsm !< flag to initilise LSM surfaces (if false, initialise USM)
2516
2517	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(in) :: surf !< respective surface type
2518
2519	DO m = 1, surf%ns
2520	IF ( match_lsm ) THEN
2521	!
2522	!-- Vegetation (LSM):
2523	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2524	veg_type_palm = surf%vegetation_type(m)
2525	SELECT CASE ( veg_type_palm )
2526	CASE ( 0 )
2527	message_string = 'No vegetation type defined.'
2528	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_depo_surfaces', 'PA0614', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2529	CASE ( 1 ) ! bare soil
2530	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2531	CASE ( 2 ) ! crops, mixed farming
2532	match_veg_wall(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2533	CASE ( 3 ) ! short grass
2534	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2535	CASE ( 4 ) ! evergreen needleleaf trees
2536	match_veg_wall(m) = 1 ! evergreen needleleaf trees in Z01
2537	CASE ( 5 ) ! deciduous needleleaf trees
2538	match_veg_wall(m) = 3 ! deciduous needleleaf trees in Z01
2539	CASE ( 6 ) ! evergreen broadleaf trees
2540	match_veg_wall(m) = 2 ! evergreen broadleaf trees in Z01
2541	CASE ( 7 ) ! deciduous broadleaf trees
2542	match_veg_wall(m) = 4 ! deciduous broadleaf trees in Z01
2543	CASE ( 8 ) ! tall grass
2544	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2545	CASE ( 9 ) ! desert
2546	match_veg_wall(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2547	CASE ( 10 ) ! tundra
2548	match_veg_wall(m) = 9 ! tundra in Z01
2549	CASE ( 11 ) ! irrigated crops
2550	match_veg_wall(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2551	CASE ( 12 ) ! semidesert
2552	match_veg_wall(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2553	CASE ( 13 ) ! ice caps and glaciers
2554	match_veg_wall(m) = 12 ! ice cap and glacier in Z01
2555	CASE ( 14 ) ! bogs and marshes
2556	match_veg_wall(m) = 11 ! wetland with plants in Z01
2557	CASE ( 15 ) ! evergreen shrubs
2558	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2559	CASE ( 16 ) ! deciduous shrubs
2560	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2561	CASE ( 17 ) ! mixed forest/woodland
2562	match_veg_wall(m) = 5 ! mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees in Z01
2563	CASE ( 18 ) ! interrupted forest
2564	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2565	END SELECT
2566	ENDIF
2567	!
2568	!-- Pavement (LSM):
2569	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2570	pav_type_palm = surf%pavement_type(m)
2571	IF ( pav_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2572	message_string = 'No pavement type defined.'
2573	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_sm_zhang', 'PA0615', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2574	ELSE
2575	match_pav_green(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2576	ENDIF
2577	ENDIF
2578	!
2579	!-- Water (LSM):
2580	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2581	wat_type_palm = surf%water_type(m)
2582	IF ( wat_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2583	message_string = 'No water type defined.'
2584	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_sm_zhang', 'PA0616', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2585	ELSEIF ( wat_type_palm == 3 ) THEN
2586	match_wat_win(m) = 14 ! ocean in Z01
2587	ELSEIF ( wat_type_palm == 1 .OR. wat_type_palm == 2 .OR. wat_type_palm == 4 &
2588	.OR. wat_type_palm == 5 ) THEN
2589	match_wat_win(m) = 13 ! inland water in Z01
2590	ENDIF
2591	ENDIF
2592	ELSE
2593	!
2594	!-- Wall surfaces (USM):
2595	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2596	match_veg_wall(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2597	ENDIF
2598	!
2599	!-- Green walls and roofs (USM):
2600	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2601	match_pav_green(m) = 6 ! (short) grass in Z01
2602	ENDIF
2603	!
2604	!-- Windows (USM):
2605	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2606	match_wat_win(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2607	ENDIF
2608	ENDIF
2609
2610	ENDDO
2611
2612	END SUBROUTINE match_sm_zhang
2613
2614	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2615	! Description:
2616	! ------------
2617	!> Swapping of timelevels
2618	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2619	SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel( mod_count )
2620
2621	IMPLICIT NONE
2622
2623	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2624	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2625	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !<
2626	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2627
2628	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: mod_count !<
2629
2630	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= skip_time_do_salsa ) THEN
2631
2632	SELECT CASE ( mod_count )
2633
2634	CASE ( 0 )
2635
2636	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2637	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2638	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2639
2640	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2641	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2642	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2643	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2644	ENDDO
2645	ENDDO
2646
2647	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2648	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2649	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2650	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2651	ENDDO
2652	ENDIF
2653
2654	CASE ( 1 )
2655
2656	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2657	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2658	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2659	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2660	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2661	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2662	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2663	ENDDO
2664	ENDDO
2665
2666	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2667	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2668	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2669	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2670	ENDDO
2671	ENDIF
2672
2673	END SELECT
2674
2675	ENDIF
2676
2677	END SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel
2678
2679
2680	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2681	! Description:
2682	! ------------
2683	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
2684	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2685	SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local( k, nxlf, nxlc, nxl_on_file, nxrf, nxrc, nxr_on_file, nynf, nync, &
2686	nyn_on_file, nysf, nysc, nys_on_file, tmp_3d, found )
2687
2688	USE control_parameters, &
2689	ONLY: length, restart_string
2690
2691	IMPLICIT NONE
2692
2693	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2694	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2695	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2696	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
2697	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlc !<
2698	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlf !<
2699	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_on_file !<
2700	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrc !<
2701	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrf !<
2702	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_on_file !<
2703	INTEGER(iwp) :: nync !<
2704	INTEGER(iwp) :: nynf !<
2705	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_on_file !<
2706	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysc !<
2707	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysf !<
2708	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_on_file !<
2709
2710	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
2711
2712	REAL(wp), &
2713	DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp,nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_3d !<
2714
2715	found = .FALSE.
2716
2717	IF ( read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2718
2719	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
2720
2721	CASE ( 'aerosol_number' )
2722	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2723	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2724	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2725	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2726	found = .TRUE.
2727	ENDDO
2728
2729	CASE ( 'aerosol_mass' )
2730	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass * nbins_aerosol
2731	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2732	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2733	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2734	found = .TRUE.
2735	ENDDO
2736
2737	CASE ( 'salsa_gas' )
2738	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2739	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2740	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2741	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2742	found = .TRUE.
2743	ENDDO
2744
2745	CASE DEFAULT
2746	found = .FALSE.
2747
2748	END SELECT
2749	ENDIF
2750
2751	END SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local
2752
2753	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2754	! Description:
2755	! ------------
2756	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
2757	!> Note that the following input variables in PARIN have to be equal between
2758	!> restart runs:
2759	!> listspec, nbin, nbin2, nf2a, ncc, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
2760	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2761	SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2762
2763	USE control_parameters, &
2764	ONLY: write_binary
2765
2766	IMPLICIT NONE
2767
2768	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2769	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2770	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2771
2772	IF ( write_binary .AND. write_binary_salsa ) THEN
2773
2774	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_number' )
2775	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2776	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_number(ib)%conc
2777	ENDDO
2778
2779	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_mass' )
2780	DO ic = 1, nbins_aerosol * ncomponents_mass
2781	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
2782	ENDDO
2783
2784	CALL wrd_write_string( 'salsa_gas' )
2785	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2786	WRITE ( 14 ) salsa_gas(ig)%conc
2787	ENDDO
2788
2789	ENDIF
2790
2791	END SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2792
2793	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2794	! Description:
2795	! ------------
2796	!> Performs necessary unit and dimension conversion between the host model and
2797	!> SALSA module, and calls the main SALSA routine.
2798	!> Partially adobted form the original SALSA boxmodel version.
2799	!> Now takes masses in as kg/kg from LES!! Converted to m3/m3 for SALSA
2800	!> 05/2016 Juha: This routine is still pretty much in its original shape.
2801	!> It's dumb as a mule and twice as ugly, so implementation of
2802	!> an improved solution is necessary sooner or later.
2803	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
2804	!> Jaakko Ahola, FMI, 2016
2805	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
2806	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2807	SUBROUTINE salsa_driver( i, j, prunmode )
2808
2809	USE arrays_3d, &
2810	ONLY: pt_p, q_p, u, v, w
2811
2812	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
2813	ONLY: lad_s
2814
2815	USE surface_mod, &
2816	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2817
2818	IMPLICIT NONE
2819
2820	INTEGER(iwp) :: endi !< end index
2821	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2822	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2823	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index
2824	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_wall !< vertical index of topography top
2825	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2826	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index
2827	INTEGER(iwp) :: nc_h2o !< index of H2O in the prtcl index table
2828	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< loop index
2829	INTEGER(iwp) :: str !< start index
2830	INTEGER(iwp) :: vc !< default index in prtcl
2831
2832	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
2833	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
2834	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode !< 1: Initialization, 2: Spinup, 3: Regular runtime
2835
2836	REAL(wp) :: cw_old !< previous H2O mixing ratio
2837	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2838	REAL(wp) :: in_lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
2839	REAL(wp) :: in_rh !< relative humidity
2840	REAL(wp) :: zgso4 !< SO4
2841	REAL(wp) :: zghno3 !< HNO3
2842	REAL(wp) :: zgnh3 !< NH3
2843	REAL(wp) :: zgocnv !< non-volatile OC
2844	REAL(wp) :: zgocsv !< semi-volatile OC
2845
2846	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_adn !< air density (kg/m3)
2847	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cs !< H2O sat. vapour conc.
2848	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cw !< H2O vapour concentration
2849	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_p !< pressure (Pa)
2850	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_t !< temperature (K)
2851	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_u !< wind magnitude (m/s)
2852	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air(m2/s)
2853	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: ppm_to_nconc !< Conversion factor from ppm to #/m3
2854
2855	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
2856	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: vd !< particle fall seed (m/s)
2857
2858	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: lo_aero !< additional variable for OpenMP
2859	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: aero_old !< helper array
2860
2861	aero_old(:)%numc = 0.0_wp
2862	in_lad = 0.0_wp
2863	in_u = 0.0_wp
2864	kvis = 0.0_wp
2865	lo_aero = aero
2866	schmidt_num = 0.0_wp
2867	vd = 0.0_wp
2868	zgso4 = nclim
2869	zghno3 = nclim
2870	zgnh3 = nclim
2871	zgocnv = nclim
2872	zgocsv = nclim
2873	!
2874	!-- Aerosol number is always set, but mass can be uninitialized
2875	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2876	lo_aero(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2877	aero_old(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2878	ENDDO
2879	!
2880	!-- Set the salsa runtime config (How to make this more efficient?)
2881	CALL set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
2882	!
2883	!-- Calculate thermodynamic quantities needed in SALSA
2884	CALL salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij=in_p, temp_ij=in_t, cw_ij=in_cw, cs_ij=in_cs, adn_ij=in_adn )
2885	!
2886	!-- Magnitude of wind: needed for deposition
2887	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
2888	in_u(nzb+1:nzt) = SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i+1) ) )**2 + &
2889	( 0.5_wp * ( v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j+1,i) ) )**2 + &
2890	( 0.5_wp * ( w(nzb:nzt-1,j,i) + w(nzb+1:nzt,j, i) ) )**2 )
2891	ENDIF
2892	!
2893	!-- Calculate conversion factors for gas concentrations
2894	ppm_to_nconc(:) = for_ppm_to_nconc * in_p(:) / in_t(:)
2895	!
2896	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
2897	k_wall = k_topo_top(j,i)
2898
2899	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
2900	!
2901	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2902	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2903	!
2904	!-- Wind velocity for dry depositon on vegetation
2905	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy ) THEN
2906	in_lad = lad_s( MAX( k-k_wall,0 ),j,i)
2907	ENDIF
2908	!
2909	!-- For initialization and spinup, limit the RH with the parameter rhlim
2910	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
2911	in_cw(k) = MIN( in_cw(k), in_cs(k) * rhlim )
2912	ELSE
2913	in_cw(k) = in_cw(k)
2914	ENDIF
2915	cw_old = in_cw(k) !* in_adn(k)
2916	!
2917	!-- Set volume concentrations:
2918	!-- Sulphate (SO4) or sulphuric acid H2SO4
2919	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2920	vc = 1
2921	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 ! start index
2922	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol ! end index
2923	ic = 1
2924	DO ss = str, endi
2925	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2so4
2926	ic = ic+1
2927	ENDDO
2928	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2929	ENDIF
2930	!
2931	!-- Organic carbon (OC) compounds
2932	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2933	vc = 2
2934	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2935	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
2936	ic = 1
2937	DO ss = str, endi
2938	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhooc
2939	ic = ic+1
2940	ENDDO
2941	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2942	ENDIF
2943	!
2944	!-- Black carbon (BC)
2945	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2946	vc = 3
2947	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2948	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
2949	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2950	DO ss = str, endi
2951	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhobc
2952	ic = ic+1
2953	ENDDO
2954	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2955	ENDIF
2956	!
2957	!-- Dust (DU)
2958	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2959	vc = 4
2960	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2961	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
2962	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2963	DO ss = str, endi
2964	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhodu
2965	ic = ic+1
2966	ENDDO
2967	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2968	ENDIF
2969	!
2970	!-- Sea salt (SS)
2971	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2972	vc = 5
2973	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2974	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
2975	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2976	DO ss = str, endi
2977	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoss
2978	ic = ic+1
2979	ENDDO
2980	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2981	ENDIF
2982	!
2983	!-- Nitrate (NO(3-)) or nitric acid HNO3
2984	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2985	vc = 6
2986	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2987	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
2988	ic = 1
2989	DO ss = str, endi
2990	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhohno3
2991	ic = ic+1
2992	ENDDO
2993	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2994	ENDIF
2995	!
2996	!-- Ammonium (NH(4+)) or ammonia NH3
2997	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2998	vc = 7
2999	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3000	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
3001	ic = 1
3002	DO ss = str, endi
3003	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhonh3
3004	ic = ic+1
3005	ENDDO
3006	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3007	ENDIF
3008	!
3009	!-- Water (always used)
3010	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3011	vc = 8
3012	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3013	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3014	ic = 1
3015	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
3016	DO ss = str, endi
3017	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2o
3018	ic = ic+1
3019	ENDDO
3020	ELSE
3021	lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = mclim
3022	ENDIF
3023	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3024	!
3025	!-- Number concentrations (numc) and particle sizes
3026	!-- (dwet = wet diameter, core = dry volume)
3027	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3028	lo_aero(ib)%numc = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i)
3029	aero_old(ib)%numc = lo_aero(ib)%numc
3030	IF ( lo_aero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3031	lo_aero(ib)%dwet = ( SUM( lo_aero(ib)%volc(:) ) / lo_aero(ib)%numc / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3032	lo_aero(ib)%core = SUM( lo_aero(ib)%volc(1:7) ) / lo_aero(ib)%numc
3033	ELSE
3034	lo_aero(ib)%dwet = lo_aero(ib)%dmid
3035	lo_aero(ib)%core = api6 * ( lo_aero(ib)%dwet )**3
3036	ENDIF
3037	ENDDO
3038	!
3039	!-- Calculate the ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of particles with
3040	!-- water using the ZSR method.
3041	in_rh = in_cw(k) / in_cs(k)
3042	IF ( prunmode==1 .OR. .NOT. advect_particle_water ) THEN
3043	CALL equilibration( in_rh, in_t(k), lo_aero, .TRUE. )
3044	ENDIF
3045	!
3046	!-- Gaseous tracer concentrations in #/m3
3047	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
3048	!
3049	!-- Convert concentrations in ppm to #/m3
3050	zgso4 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(1))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3051	zghno3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(2))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3052	zgnh3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(3))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3053	zgocnv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(4))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3054	zgocsv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(5))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3055	ELSE
3056	zgso4 = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i)
3057	zghno3 = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i)
3058	zgnh3 = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i)
3059	zgocnv = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i)
3060	zgocsv = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i)
3061	ENDIF
3062	!
3063	!-- Calculate aerosol processes:
3064	!-- *********************************************************************************************
3065	!
3066	!-- Coagulation
3067	IF ( lscoag ) THEN
3068	CALL coagulation( lo_aero, dt_salsa, in_t(k), in_p(k) )
3069	ENDIF
3070	!
3071	!-- Condensation
3072	IF ( lscnd ) THEN
3073	CALL condensation( lo_aero, zgso4, zgocnv, zgocsv, zghno3, zgnh3, in_cw(k), in_cs(k), &
3074	in_t(k), in_p(k), dt_salsa, prtcl )
3075	ENDIF
3076	!
3077	!-- Deposition
3078	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
3079	CALL deposition( lo_aero, in_t(k), in_adn(k), in_u(k), in_lad, kvis(k), schmidt_num(k,:),&
3080	vd(k,:) )
3081	ENDIF
3082	!
3083	!-- Size distribution bin update
3084	IF ( lsdistupdate ) THEN
3085	CALL distr_update( lo_aero )
3086	ENDIF
3087	!-- *********************************************************************************************
3088
3089	IF ( lsdepo ) sedim_vd(k,j,i,:) = vd(k,:)
3090	!
3091	!-- Calculate changes in concentrations
3092	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3093	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ib)%numc - &
3094	aero_old(ib)%numc ) * flag
3095	ENDDO
3096
3097	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
3098	vc = 1
3099	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3100	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol
3101	ic = 1
3102	DO ss = str, endi
3103	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3104	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2so4 * flag
3105	ic = ic+1
3106	ENDDO
3107	ENDIF
3108
3109	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
3110	vc = 2
3111	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3112	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
3113	ic = 1
3114	DO ss = str, endi
3115	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3116	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhooc * flag
3117	ic = ic+1
3118	ENDDO
3119	ENDIF
3120
3121	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
3122	vc = 3
3123	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3124	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
3125	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3126	DO ss = str, endi
3127	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3128	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhobc * flag
3129	ic = ic+1
3130	ENDDO
3131	ENDIF
3132
3133	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
3134	vc = 4
3135	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3136	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
3137	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3138	DO ss = str, endi
3139	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3140	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhodu * flag
3141	ic = ic+1
3142	ENDDO
3143	ENDIF
3144
3145	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
3146	vc = 5
3147	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3148	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
3149	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3150	DO ss = str, endi
3151	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3152	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoss * flag
3153	ic = ic+1
3154	ENDDO
3155	ENDIF
3156
3157	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
3158	vc = 6
3159	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3160	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
3161	ic = 1
3162	DO ss = str, endi
3163	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3164	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhohno3 * flag
3165	ic = ic+1
3166	ENDDO
3167	ENDIF
3168
3169	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
3170	vc = 7
3171	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3172	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
3173	ic = 1
3174	DO ss = str, endi
3175	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3176	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhonh3 * flag
3177	ic = ic+1
3178	ENDDO
3179	ENDIF
3180
3181	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
3182	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3183	vc = 8
3184	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3185	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3186	ic = 1
3187	DO ss = str, endi
3188	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3189	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o * flag
3190	ic = ic+1
3191	ENDDO
3192	ENDIF
3193	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
3194	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3195	vc = 8
3196	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3197	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3198	ic = 1
3199	DO ss = str, endi
3200	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k) = MAX( aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k), ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
3201	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o )
3202	IF ( k == nzb+1 ) THEN
3203	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k-1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3204	ELSEIF ( k == nzt ) THEN
3205	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k+1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3206	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k+1,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3207	ENDIF
3208	ic = ic+1
3209	ENDDO
3210	ENDIF
3211	!
3212	!-- Condensation of precursor gases
3213	IF ( lscndgas ) THEN
3214	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
3215	!
3216	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
3217	ig = gas_index_chem(1)
3218	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 / &
3219	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3220	!
3221	!-- HNO3
3222	ig = gas_index_chem(2)
3223	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 / &
3224	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3225	!
3226	!-- NH3
3227	ig = gas_index_chem(3)
3228	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 / &
3229	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3230	!
3231	!-- non-volatile OC
3232	ig = gas_index_chem(4)
3233	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv / &
3234	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3235	!
3236	!-- semi-volatile OC
3237	ig = gas_index_chem(5)
3238	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv / &
3239	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3240
3241	ELSE
3242	!
3243	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
3244	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 - &
3245	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3246	!
3247	!-- HNO3
3248	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 - &
3249	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3250	!
3251	!-- NH3
3252	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 - &
3253	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3254	!
3255	!-- non-volatile OC
3256	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv - &
3257	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3258	!
3259	!-- semi-volatile OC
3260	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv - &
3261	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3262	ENDIF
3263	ENDIF
3264	!
3265	!-- Tendency of water vapour mixing ratio is obtained from the change in RH during SALSA run.
3266	!-- This releases heat and changes pt. Assumes no temperature change during SALSA run.
3267	!-- q = r / (1+r), Euler method for integration
3268	!
3269	IF ( feedback_to_palm ) THEN
3270	q_p(k,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i) + 1.0_wp / ( in_cw(k) * in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 &
3271	( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) * flag
3272	pt_p(k,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i) + alv / c_p * ( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) / ( in_cw(k) / &
3273	in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 pt_p(k,j,i) / in_t(k) * flag
3274	ENDIF
3275
3276	ENDDO ! k
3277
3278	!
3279	!-- Set surfaces and wall fluxes due to deposition
3280	IF ( lsdepo .AND. lsdepo_surf .AND. prunmode == 3 ) THEN
3281	IF ( .NOT. land_surface .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN
3282	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_h(0), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
3283	DO l = 0, 3
3284	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE. )
3285	ENDDO
3286	ELSE
3287	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE., usm_to_depo_h )
3288	DO l = 0, 3
3289	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., &
3290	usm_to_depo_v(l) )
3291	ENDDO
3292	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE., lsm_to_depo_h )
3293	DO l = 0, 3
3294	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., &
3295	lsm_to_depo_v(l) )
3296	ENDDO
3297	ENDIF
3298	ENDIF
3299
3300	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
3301	!$OMP MASTER
3302	aero = lo_aero
3303	!$OMP END MASTER
3304	END IF
3305
3306	END SUBROUTINE salsa_driver
3307
3308	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3309	! Description:
3310	! ------------
3311	!> Set logical switches according to the salsa_parameters options.
3312	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
3313	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
3314	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3315	SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
3316
3317	IMPLICIT NONE
3318
3319	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode
3320
3321	SELECT CASE(prunmode)
3322
3323	CASE(1) !< Initialization
3324	lscoag = .FALSE.
3325	lscnd = .FALSE.
3326	lscndgas = .FALSE.
3327	lscndh2oae = .FALSE.
3328	lsdepo = .FALSE.
3329	lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE.
3330	lsdepo_surf = .FALSE.
3331	lsdistupdate = .TRUE.
3332	lspartition = .FALSE.
3333
3334	CASE(2) !< Spinup period
3335	lscoag = ( .FALSE. .AND. nlcoag )
3336	lscnd = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcnd )
3337	lscndgas = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndgas )
3338	lscndh2oae = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndh2oae )
3339
3340	CASE(3) !< Run
3341	lscoag = nlcoag
3342	lscnd = nlcnd
3343	lscndgas = nlcndgas
3344	lscndh2oae = nlcndh2oae
3345	lsdepo = nldepo
3346	lsdepo_pcm = nldepo_pcm
3347	lsdepo_surf = nldepo_surf
3348	lsdistupdate = nldistupdate
3349	END SELECT
3350
3351
3352	END SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime
3353
3354	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3355	! Description:
3356	! ------------
3357	!> Calculates the absolute temperature (using hydrostatic pressure), saturation
3358	!> vapour pressure and mixing ratio over water, relative humidity and air
3359	!> density needed in the SALSA model.
3360	!> NOTE, no saturation adjustment takes place -> the resulting water vapour
3361	!> mixing ratio can be supersaturated, allowing the microphysical calculations
3362	!> in SALSA.
3363	!
3364	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014 (original SALSAthrm)
3365	!> Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017 (adjustment for PALM and only aerosol processes)
3366	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3367	SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij, temp_ij, cw_ij, cs_ij, adn_ij )
3368
3369	USE arrays_3d, &
3370	ONLY: pt, q, zu
3371
3372	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
3373	ONLY: barometric_formula, exner_function, ideal_gas_law_rho, magnus
3374
3375	IMPLICIT NONE
3376
3377	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !<
3378	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !<
3379
3380	REAL(wp) :: t_surface !< absolute surface temperature (K)
3381
3382	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: e_s !< saturation vapour pressure over water (Pa)
3383
3384	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: adn_ij !< air density (kg/m3)
3385	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: p_ij !< air pressure (Pa)
3386	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: temp_ij !< air temperature (K)
3387
3388	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cw_ij !< water vapour concentration (kg/m3)
3389	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cs_ij !< saturation water vap. conc.(kg/m3)
3390	!
3391	!-- Pressure p_ijk (Pa) = hydrostatic pressure
3392	t_surface = pt_surface * exner_function( surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3393	p_ij(:) = barometric_formula( zu, t_surface, surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3394	!
3395	!-- Absolute ambient temperature (K)
3396	temp_ij(:) = pt(:,j,i) * exner_function( p_ij(:) )
3397	!
3398	!-- Air density
3399	adn_ij(:) = ideal_gas_law_rho( p_ij(:), temp_ij(:) )
3400	!
3401	!-- Water vapour concentration r_v (kg/m3)
3402	IF ( PRESENT( cw_ij ) ) THEN
3403	cw_ij(:) = ( q(:,j,i) / ( 1.0_wp - q(:,j,i) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3404	ENDIF
3405	!
3406	!-- Saturation mixing ratio r_s (kg/kg) from vapour pressure at temp (Pa)
3407	IF ( PRESENT( cs_ij ) ) THEN
3408	e_s(:) = 611.0_wp * EXP( alv_d_rv * ( 3.6609E-3_wp - 1.0_wp / &
3409	temp_ij(:) ) )! magnus( temp_ij(:) )
3410	cs_ij(:) = ( 0.622_wp * e_s / ( p_ij(:) - e_s(:) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3411	ENDIF
3412
3413	END SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij
3414
3415	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3416	! Description:
3417	! ------------
3418	!> Calculates ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of
3419	!> particles with water using the ZSR method (Stokes and Robinson, 1966).
3420	!> Method:
3421	!> Following chemical components are assumed water-soluble
3422	!> - (ammonium) sulphate (100%)
3423	!> - sea salt (100 %)
3424	!> - organic carbon (epsoc * 100%)
3425	!> Exact thermodynamic considerations neglected.
3426	!> - If particles contain no sea salt, calculation according to sulphate
3427	!> properties
3428	!> - If contain sea salt but no sulphate, calculation according to sea salt
3429	!> properties
3430	!> - If contain both sulphate and sea salt -> the molar fraction of these
3431	!> compounds determines which one of them is used as the basis of calculation.
3432	!> If sulphate and sea salt coexist in a particle, it is assumed that the Cl is
3433	!> replaced by sulphate; thus only either sulphate + organics or sea salt +
3434	!> organics is included in the calculation of soluble fraction.
3435	!> Molality parameterizations taken from Table 1 of Tang: Thermodynamic and
3436	!> optical properties of mixed-salt aerosols of atmospheric importance,
3437	!> J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D2), 1883-1893 (1997)
3438	!
3439	!> Coded by:
3440	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
3441	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
3442	!> Matti Niskanen(FMI) 2012
3443	!> Anton Laakso (FMI) 2013
3444	!> Modified for the new aerosol datatype, Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
3445	!
3446	!> fxm: should sea salt form a solid particle when prh is very low (even though
3447	!> it could be mixed with e.g. sulphate)?
3448	!> fxm: crashes if no sulphate or sea salt
3449	!> fxm: do we really need to consider Kelvin effect for subrange 2
3450	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3451	SUBROUTINE equilibration( prh, ptemp, paero, init )
3452
3453	IMPLICIT NONE
3454
3455	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3456	INTEGER(iwp) :: counti !< loop index
3457
3458	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: init !< TRUE: Initialization, FALSE: Normal runtime: update water
3459	!< content only for 1a
3460
3461	REAL(wp) :: zaw !< water activity [0-1]
3462	REAL(wp) :: zcore !< Volume of dry particle
3463	REAL(wp) :: zdold !< Old diameter
3464	REAL(wp) :: zdwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter
3465	REAL(wp) :: zke !< Kelvin term in the KÃ¶hler equation
3466	REAL(wp) :: zlwc !< liquid water content [kg/m3-air]
3467	REAL(wp) :: zrh !< Relative humidity
3468
3469	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zbinmol !< binary molality of each components (mol/kg)
3470	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zvpart !< volume of chem. compounds in one particle
3471
3472	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prh !< relative humidity [0-1]
3473	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptemp !< temperature (K)
3474
3475	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3476
3477	zaw = 0.0_wp
3478	zlwc = 0.0_wp
3479	!
3480	!-- Relative humidity:
3481	zrh = prh
3482	zrh = MAX( zrh, 0.05_wp )
3483	zrh = MIN( zrh, 0.98_wp)
3484	!
3485	!-- 1) Regime 1: sulphate and partly water-soluble OC. Done for every CALL
3486	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a ! size bin
3487
3488	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3489	zdold = 1.0_wp
3490	zke = 1.02_wp
3491
3492	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3493	!
3494	!-- Volume in one particle
3495	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3496	zvpart(1:2) = paero(ib)%volc(1:2) / paero(ib)%numc
3497	zvpart(6:7) = paero(ib)%volc(6:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3498	!
3499	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle
3500	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:2) )
3501	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3502
3503	counti = 0
3504	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-2_wp )
3505
3506	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3507	zaw = MAX( 1.0E-3_wp, zrh / zke ) ! To avoid underflow
3508	!
3509	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3510	!-- Sulphate
3511	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3512	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3513	!-- Organic carbon
3514	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3515	!-- Nitric acid
3516	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - 6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw**2 &
3517	+ 5.510176187E+2_wp * zaw*3 - 1.460055286E+3_wp zaw**4 &
3518	+ 1.894467542E+3_wp * zaw*5 - 1.220611402E+3_wp zaw**6 &
3519	+ 3.098597737E+2_wp * zaw**7
3520	!
3521	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air) using ZSR (see e.g. Eq. 10.98 in
3522	!-- Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3523	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3524	epsoc * paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3525	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3/amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6)
3526	!
3527	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3528	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3529	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3530	!
3531	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006)). Avoid
3532	!-- overflow.
3533	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * ptemp * zdwet ) ) )
3534
3535	counti = counti + 1
3536	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3537	message_string = 'Subrange 1: no convergence!'
3538	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0617', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3539	ENDIF
3540	ENDDO
3541	!
3542	!-- Instead of lwc, use the volume concentration of water from now on
3543	!-- (easy to convert...)
3544	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3545	!
3546	!-- If this is initialization, update the core and wet diameter
3547	IF ( init ) THEN
3548	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3549	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3550	ENDIF
3551
3552	ELSE
3553	!-- If initialization
3554	!-- 1.2) empty bins given bin average values
3555	IF ( init ) THEN
3556	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3557	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3558	ENDIF
3559
3560	ENDIF
3561
3562	ENDDO ! ib
3563	!
3564	!-- 2) Regime 2a: sulphate, OC, BC and sea salt
3565	!-- This is done only for initialization call, otherwise the water contents
3566	!-- are computed via condensation
3567	IF ( init ) THEN
3568	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2b
3569	!
3570	!-- Initialize
3571	zke = 1.02_wp
3572	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3573	zdold = 1.0_wp
3574	!
3575	!-- 1) Particle properties calculated for non-empty bins
3576	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3577	!
3578	!-- Volume in one particle [fxm]
3579	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3580	zvpart(1:7) = paero(ib)%volc(1:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3581	!
3582	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle [fxm]
3583	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:5) )
3584	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3585
3586	counti = 0
3587	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-12_wp )
3588
3589	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3590	zaw = zrh / zke
3591	!
3592	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3593	!-- Sulphate
3594	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3595	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3596	!-- Organic carbon
3597	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3598	!-- Nitric acid
3599	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - &
3600	6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw*2 + 5.510176187E+2_wp zaw**3 - &
3601	1.460055286E+3_wp * zaw*4 + 1.894467542E+3_wp zaw**5 - &
3602	1.220611402E+3_wp * zaw*6 + 3.098597737E+2_wp zaw**7
3603	!-- Sea salt (natrium chloride)
3604	zbinmol(5) = 5.875248E+1_wp - 1.8781997E+2_wp * zaw + 2.7211377E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3605	1.8458287E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 4.153689E+1_wp zaw**4
3606	!
3607	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air)
3608	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3609	epsoc * ( paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3610	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3 / amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6) + &
3611	( paero(ib)%volc(5) * ( arhoss / amss ) ) / zbinmol(5)
3612
3613	!-- Particle wet radius (m)
3614	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3615	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3616	!
3617	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3618	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * zdwet * ptemp ) ) )
3619
3620	counti = counti + 1
3621	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3622	message_string = 'Subrange 2: no convergence!'
3623	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0618', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3624	ENDIF
3625	ENDDO
3626	!
3627	!-- Liquid water content; instead of LWC use the volume concentration
3628	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3629	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3630	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3631
3632	ELSE
3633	!-- 2.2) empty bins given bin average values
3634	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3635	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3636	ENDIF
3637
3638	ENDDO ! ib
3639	ENDIF
3640
3641	END SUBROUTINE equilibration
3642
3643	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3644	!> Description:
3645	!> ------------
3646	!> Calculation of the settling velocity vc (m/s) per aerosol size bin and
3647	!> deposition on plant canopy (lsdepo_pcm).
3648	!
3649	!> Deposition is based on either the scheme presented in:
3650	!> Zhang et al. (2001), Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560 (includes collection due to
3651	!> Brownian diffusion, impaction, interception and sedimentation; hereafter ZO1)
3652	!> OR
3653	!> Petroff & Zhang (2010), Geosci. Model Dev. 3, 753-769 (includes also
3654	!> collection due to turbulent impaction, hereafter P10)
3655	!
3656	!> Equation numbers refer to equation in Jacobson (2005): Fundamentals of
3657	!> Atmospheric Modeling, 2nd Edition.
3658	!
3659	!> Subroutine follows closely sedim_SALSA in UCLALES-SALSA written by Juha
3660	!> Tonttila (KIT/FMI) and Zubair Maalick (UEF).
3661	!> Rewritten to PALM by Mona Kurppa (UH), 2017.
3662	!
3663	!> Call for grid point i,j,k
3664	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3665
3666	SUBROUTINE deposition( paero, tk, adn, mag_u, lad, kvis, schmidt_num, vc )
3667
3668	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
3669	ONLY: cdc
3670
3671	IMPLICIT NONE
3672
3673	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3674	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3675
3676	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3677	REAL(wp) :: avis !< molecular viscocity of air (kg/(m*s))
3678	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3679	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3680	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3681	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3682	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3683	REAL(wp) :: depo !< deposition velocity (m/s)
3684	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3685	REAL(wp) :: lambda !< molecular mean free path (m)
3686	REAL(wp) :: mdiff !< particle diffusivity coefficient
3687	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3688	!< Table 3 in Z01
3689	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3690	REAL(wp) :: pdn !< particle density (kg/m3)
3691	REAL(wp) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3692	REAL(wp) :: va !< thermal speed of an air molecule (m/s)
3693
3694	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: adn !< air density (kg/m3)
3695	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3696	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3697	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: tk !< abs.temperature (K)
3698
3699	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3700
3701	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: beta !< Cunningham slip-flow correction factor
3702	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: Kn !< Knudsen number
3703	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: zdwet !< wet diameter (m)
3704
3705	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3706	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: vc !< critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity of
3707	!< an aerosol particle (m/s)
3708
3709	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3710	!
3711	!-- Initialise
3712	depo = 0.0_wp
3713	pdn = 1500.0_wp ! default value
3714	ustar = 0.0_wp
3715	!
3716	!-- Molecular viscosity of air (Eq. 4.54)
3717	avis = 1.8325E-5_wp * ( 416.16_wp / ( tk + 120.0_wp ) ) * ( tk / 296.16_wp )**1.5_wp
3718	!
3719	!-- Kinematic viscosity (Eq. 4.55)
3720	kvis = avis / adn
3721	!
3722	!-- Thermal velocity of an air molecule (Eq. 15.32)
3723	va = SQRT( 8.0_wp * abo * tk / ( pi * am_airmol ) )
3724	!
3725	!-- Mean free path (m) (Eq. 15.24)
3726	lambda = 2.0_wp * avis / ( adn * va )
3727	!
3728	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3729	zdwet = paero(:)%dwet
3730	!
3731	!-- Knudsen number (Eq. 15.23)
3732	Kn = MAX( 1.0E-2_wp, lambda / ( zdwet * 0.5_wp ) ) ! To avoid underflow
3733	!
3734	!-- Cunningham slip-flow correction (Eq. 15.30)
3735	beta = 1.0_wp + Kn * ( 1.249_wp + 0.42_wp * EXP( -0.87_wp / Kn ) )
3736	!
3737	!-- Critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity (Eq. 20.4)
3738	vc = MIN( 1.0_wp, zdwet*2 ( pdn - adn ) * g * beta / ( 18.0_wp * avis ) )
3739	!
3740	!-- Deposition on vegetation
3741	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy .AND. lad > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3742	!
3743	!-- Parameters for the land use category 'deciduous broadleaf trees'(Table 3)
3744	alpha = alpha_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3745	gamma = gamma_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3746	par_a = A_z01(depo_pcm_type_num, season) * 1.0E-3_wp
3747	!
3748	!-- Deposition efficiencies from Table 1. Constants from Table 2.
3749	par_l = l_p10(depo_pcm_type_num) * 0.01_wp
3750	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3751	c_interception = c_in_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3752	c_impaction = c_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3753	beta_im = beta_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3754	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3755
3756	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3757
3758	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < ( 2.0_wp * nclim ) ) CYCLE
3759
3760	!-- Particle diffusivity coefficient (Eq. 15.29)
3761	mdiff = ( abo * tk * beta(ib) ) / ( 3.0_wp * pi * avis * zdwet(ib) )
3762	!
3763	!-- Particle Schmidt number (Eq. 15.36)
3764	schmidt_num(ib) = kvis / mdiff
3765	!
3766	!-- Friction velocity for deposition on vegetation. Calculated following Prandtl (1925):
3767	ustar = SQRT( cdc ) * mag_u
3768	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_par_num )
3769
3770	CASE ( 1 ) ! Zhang et al. (2001)
3771	CALL depo_vel_Z01( vc(ib), ustar, schmidt_num(ib), paero(ib)%dwet, alpha, gamma, &
3772	par_a, depo )
3773	CASE ( 2 ) ! Petroff & Zhang (2010)
3774	CALL depo_vel_P10( vc(ib), mag_u, ustar, kvis, schmidt_num(ib), paero(ib)%dwet, &
3775	par_l, c_brownian_diff, c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, &
3776	c_turb_impaction, depo )
3777	END SELECT
3778	!
3779	!-- Calculate the change in concentrations
3780	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc - depo * lad * paero(ib)%numc * dt_salsa
3781	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1
3782	paero(ib)%volc(ic) = paero(ib)%volc(ic) - depo * lad * paero(ib)%volc(ic) * dt_salsa
3783	ENDDO
3784	ENDDO
3785
3786	ENDIF
3787
3788	END SUBROUTINE deposition
3789
3790	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3791	! Description:
3792	! ------------
3793	!> Calculate deposition velocity (m/s) based on Zhan et al. (2001, case 1).
3794	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3795
3796	SUBROUTINE depo_vel_Z01( vc, ustar, schmidt_num, diameter, alpha, gamma, par_a, depo )
3797
3798	IMPLICIT NONE
3799
3800	REAL(wp) :: rs !< overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3801	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3802
3803	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3804	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3805	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic diameter of
3806	!< collectors, Table 3 in Z01
3807	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diameter !< particle diameter
3808	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3809	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3810	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3811
3812	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: depo !< deposition efficiency (m/s)
3813
3814	IF ( par_a > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3815	!
3816	!-- Initialise
3817	rs = 0.0_wp
3818	!
3819	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3820	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_a )
3821	!
3822	!-- The overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles (Zhang et al., Eq. 5)
3823	rs = MAX( EPSILON( 1.0_wp ), ( 3.0_wp * ustar * EXP( -stokes_num*0.5_wp ) &
3824	( schmidt_num( -gamma ) + ( stokes_num / ( alpha + stokes_num ) )2 + &
3825	0.5_wp * ( diameter / par_a )**2 ) ) )
3826
3827	depo = rs + vc
3828
3829	ELSE
3830	depo = 0.0_wp
3831	ENDIF
3832
3833	END SUBROUTINE depo_vel_Z01
3834
3835	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3836	! Description:
3837	! ------------
3838	!> Calculate deposition velocity (m/s) based on Petroff & Zhang (2010, case 2).
3839	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3840
3841	SUBROUTINE depo_vel_P10( vc, mag_u, ustar, kvis_a, schmidt_num, diameter, par_l, c_brownian_diff, &
3842	c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, c_turb_impaction, depo )
3843
3844	IMPLICIT NONE
3845
3846	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3847	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3848	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3849	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3850	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3851	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3852
3853	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3854	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3855	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3856	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3857	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3858	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: kvis_a !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3859	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3860	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3861	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diameter !< particle diameter
3862	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3863	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3864	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3865
3866	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: depo !< deposition efficiency (m/s)
3867
3868	IF ( par_l > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3869	!
3870	!-- Initialise
3871	tau_plus = 0.0_wp
3872	v_bd = 0.0_wp
3873	v_im = 0.0_wp
3874	v_in = 0.0_wp
3875	v_it = 0.0_wp
3876	!
3877	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3878	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_l )
3879	!
3880	!-- Non-dimensional relexation time of the particle on top of canopy
3881	tau_plus = vc * ustar*2 / ( kvis_a g )
3882	!
3883	!-- Brownian diffusion
3884	v_bd = mag_u * c_brownian_diff * schmidt_num*( -0.66666666_wp ) &
3885	( mag_u * par_l / kvis_a )**( -0.5_wp )
3886	!
3887	!-- Interception
3888	v_in = mag_u * c_interception * diameter / par_l * &
3889	( 2.0_wp + LOG( 2.0_wp * par_l / diameter ) )
3890	!
3891	!-- Impaction: Petroff (2009) Eq. 18
3892	v_im = mag_u * c_impaction * ( stokes_num / ( stokes_num + beta_im ) )**2
3893	!
3894	!-- Turbulent impaction
3895	IF ( tau_plus < 20.0_wp ) THEN
3896	v_it = 2.5E-3_wp * c_turb_impaction * tau_plus**2
3897	ELSE
3898	v_it = c_turb_impaction
3899	ENDIF
3900
3901	depo = ( v_bd + v_in + v_im + v_it + vc )
3902
3903	ELSE
3904	depo = 0.0_wp
3905	ENDIF
3906
3907	END SUBROUTINE depo_vel_P10
3908
3909	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3910	! Description:
3911	! ------------
3912	!> Calculate the dry deposition on horizontal and vertical surfaces. Implement
3913	!> as a surface flux.
3914	!> @todo aerodynamic resistance ignored for now (not important for
3915	! high-resolution simulations)
3916	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3917	SUBROUTINE depo_surf( i, j, surf, vc, schmidt_num, kvis, mag_u, norm, match_array )
3918
3919	USE arrays_3d, &
3920	ONLY: rho_air_zw
3921
3922	USE surface_mod, &
3923	ONLY: ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_type
3924
3925	IMPLICIT NONE
3926
3927	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3928	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3929	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !< additional loop index
3930	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
3931	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< loop index
3932	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_e !< End index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3933	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_s !< Start index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3934
3935	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
3936	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
3937
3938	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: norm !< to normalise or not
3939
3940	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3941	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3942	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3943	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3944	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3945	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3946	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3947	REAL(wp) :: norm_fac !< normalisation factor (usually air density)
3948	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3949	!< Table 3 in Z01
3950	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3951	REAL(wp) :: rs !< the overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3952	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3953	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3954	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3955	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3956	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3957
3958	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: depo !< deposition efficiency
3959	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: depo_sum !< sum of deposition efficiencies
3960
3961	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3962	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3963
3964	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3965	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3966