Home

Context Navigation

salsa_mod.f90 @ 4182

Last change on this file since 4182 was 4182, checked in by scharf, 5 years ago
corrected "Former revisions" section minor formatting in "Former revisions" section added "Author" section
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 532.7 KB

Line
1	!> @file salsa_mod.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM-4U.
4	!
5	! PALM-4U is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM-4U is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2018-2019 University of Helsinki
18	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
19	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
20	!
21	! Current revisions:
22	! -----------------
23	!
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: salsa_mod.f90 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf $
28	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
29	!
30	! 4167 2019-08-16 11:01:48Z suehring
31	! Changed behaviour of masked output over surface to follow terrain and ignore
32	! buildings (J.Resler, T.Gronemeier)
33	!
34	! 4131 2019-08-02 11:06:18Z monakurppa
35	! - Add "salsa_" before each salsa output variable
36	! - Add a possibility to output the number (salsa_N_UFP) and mass concentration
37	! (salsa_PM0.1) of ultrafine particles, i.e. particles with a diameter smaller
38	! than 100 nm
39	! - Implement aerosol emission mode "parameterized" which is based on the street
40	! type (similar to the chemistry module).
41	! - Remove unnecessary nucleation subroutines.
42	! - Add the z-dimension for gaseous emissions to correspond the implementation
43	! in the chemistry module
44	!
45	! 4118 2019-07-25 16:11:45Z suehring
46	! - When Dirichlet condition is applied in decycling, the boundary conditions are
47	! only set at the ghost points and not at the prognostic grid points as done
48	! before
49	! - Rename decycle_ns/lr to decycle_salsa_ns/lr and decycle_method to
50	! decycle_method_salsa
51	! - Allocation and initialization of special advection flags salsa_advc_flags_s
52	! used for salsa. These are exclusively used for salsa variables to
53	! distinguish from the usually-used flags which might be different when
54	! decycling is applied in combination with cyclic boundary conditions.
55	! Moreover, salsa_advc_flags_s considers extended zones around buildings where
56	! the first-order upwind scheme is applied for the horizontal advection terms.
57	! This is done to overcome high concentration peaks due to stationary numerical
58	! oscillations caused by horizontal advection discretization.
59	!
60	! 4117 2019-07-25 08:54:02Z monakurppa
61	! Pass integer flag array as well as boundary flags to WS scalar advection
62	! routine
63	!
64	! 4109 2019-07-22 17:00:34Z suehring
65	! Slightly revise setting of boundary conditions at horizontal walls, use
66	! data-structure offset index instead of pre-calculate it for each facing
67	!
68	! 4079 2019-07-09 18:04:41Z suehring
69	! Application of monotonic flux limiter for the vertical scalar advection
70	! up to the topography top (only for the cache-optimized version at the
71	! moment).
72	!
73	! 4069 2019-07-01 14:05:51Z Giersch
74	! Masked output running index mid has been introduced as a local variable to
75	! avoid runtime error (Loop variable has been modified) in time_integration
76	!
77	! 4058 2019-06-27 15:25:42Z knoop
78	! Bugfix: to_be_resorted was uninitialized in case of s_H2O in 3d_data_averaging
79	!
80	! 4012 2019-05-31 15:19:05Z monakurppa
81	! Merge salsa branch to trunk. List of changes:
82	! - Error corrected in distr_update that resulted in the aerosol number size
83	! distribution not converging if the concentration was nclim.
84	! - Added a separate output for aerosol liquid water (s_H2O)
85	! - aerosol processes for a size bin are now calculated only if the aerosol
86	! number of concentration of that bin is > 2*nclim
87	! - An initialisation error in the subroutine "deposition" corrected and the
88	! subroutine reformatted.
89	! - stuff from salsa_util_mod.f90 moved into salsa_mod.f90
90	! - calls for closing the netcdf input files added
91	!
92	! 3956 2019-05-07 12:32:52Z monakurppa
93	! - Conceptual bug in depo_surf correct for urban and land surface model
94	! - Subroutine salsa_tendency_ij optimized.
95	! - Interfaces salsa_non_advective_processes and salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
96	! created. These are now called in module_interface.
97	! salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds after calling salsa_driver only when needed
98	! (i.e. every dt_salsa).
99	!
100	! 3924 2019-04-23 09:33:06Z monakurppa
101	! Correct a bug introduced by the previous update.
102	!
103	! 3899 2019-04-16 14:05:27Z monakurppa
104	! - remove unnecessary error / location messages
105	! - corrected some error message numbers
106	! - allocate source arrays only if emissions or dry deposition is applied.
107	!
108	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
109	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
110	! of additional debug messages
111	!
112	! 3876 2019-04-08 18:41:49Z knoop
113	! Introduced salsa_actions module interface
114	!
115	! 3871 2019-04-08 14:38:39Z knoop
116	! Major changes in formatting, performance and data input structure (see branch
117	! the history for details)
118	! - Time-dependent emissions enabled: lod=1 for yearly PM emissions that are
119	! normalised depending on the time, and lod=2 for preprocessed emissions
120	! (similar to the chemistry module).
121	! - Additionally, 'uniform' emissions allowed. This emission is set constant on
122	! all horisontal upward facing surfaces and it is created based on parameters
123	! surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg/sigmag/mass_fracs_a/mass_fracs_b.
124	! - All emissions are now implemented as surface fluxes! No 3D sources anymore.
125	! - Update the emission information by calling salsa_emission_update if
126	! skip_time_do_salsa >= time_since_reference_point and
127	! next_aero_emission_update <= time_since_reference_point
128	! - Aerosol background concentrations read from PIDS_DYNAMIC. The vertical grid
129	! must match the one applied in the model.
130	! - Gas emissions and background concentrations can be also read in in salsa_mod
131	! if the chemistry module is not applied.
132	! - In deposition, information on the land use type can be now imported from
133	! the land use model
134	! - Use SI units in PARIN, i.e. n_lognorm given in #/m3 and dpg in metres.
135	! - Apply 100 character line limit
136	! - Change all variable names from capital to lowercase letter
137	! - Change real exponents to integer if possible. If not, precalculate the value
138	! value of exponent
139	! - Rename in1a to start_subrange_1a, fn2a to end_subrange_1a etc.
140	! - Rename nbins --> nbins_aerosol, ncc_tot --> ncomponents_mass and ngast -->
141	! ngases_salsa
142	! - Rename ibc to index_bc, idu to index_du etc.
143	! - Renamed loop indices b, c and sg to ib, ic and ig
144	! - run_salsa subroutine removed
145	! - Corrected a bud in salsa_driver: falsely applied ino instead of inh
146	! - Call salsa_tendency within salsa_prognostic_equations which is called in
147	! module_interface_mod instead of prognostic_equations_mod
148	! - Removed tailing white spaces and unused variables
149	! - Change error message to start by PA instead of SA
150	!
151	! 3833 2019-03-28 15:04:04Z forkel
152	! added USE chem_gasphase_mod for nvar, nspec and spc_names
153	!
154	! 3787 2019-03-07 08:43:54Z raasch
155	! unused variables removed
156	!
157	! 3780 2019-03-05 11:19:45Z forkel
158	! unused variable for file index removed from rrd-subroutines parameter list
159	!
160	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
161	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
162	!
163	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
164	! Implementation of the PALM module interface
165	! 3412 2018-10-24 07:25:57Z monakurppa
166	!
167	! Authors:
168	! --------
169	! @author Mona Kurppa (University of Helsinki)
170	!
171	!
172	! Description:
173	! ------------
174	!> Sectional aerosol module for large scale applications SALSA
175	!> (Kokkola et al., 2008, ACP 8, 2469-2483). Solves the aerosol number and mass
176	!> concentration as well as chemical composition. Includes aerosol dynamic
177	!> processes: nucleation, condensation/evaporation of vapours, coagulation and
178	!> deposition on tree leaves, ground and roofs.
179	!> Implementation is based on formulations implemented in UCLALES-SALSA except
180	!> for deposition which is based on parametrisations by Zhang et al. (2001,
181	!> Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560) or Petroff&Zhang (2010, Geosci. Model Dev. 3,
182	!> 753-769)
183	!>
184	!> @todo Apply information from emission_stack_height to lift emission sources
185	!> @todo emission mode "parameterized", i.e. based on street type
186	!> @todo Allow insoluble emissions
187	!> @todo Apply flux limiter in prognostic equations
188	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
189	MODULE salsa_mod
190
191	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
192	ONLY: c_p, g, p_0, pi, r_d
193
194	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
195	ONLY: nspec, nvar, spc_names
196
197	USE chem_modules, &
198	ONLY: call_chem_at_all_substeps, chem_gasphase_on, chem_species
199
200	USE control_parameters, &
201	ONLY: air_chemistry, bc_dirichlet_l, bc_dirichlet_n, bc_dirichlet_r, bc_dirichlet_s, &
202	bc_lr, bc_lr_cyc, bc_ns, bc_ns_cyc, bc_radiation_l, bc_radiation_n, bc_radiation_r, &
203	bc_radiation_s, coupling_char, debug_output, dt_3d, intermediate_timestep_count, &
204	intermediate_timestep_count_max, land_surface, max_pr_salsa, message_string, &
205	monotonic_limiter_z, plant_canopy, pt_surface, salsa, scalar_advec, &
206	surface_pressure, time_since_reference_point, timestep_scheme, tsc, urban_surface, &
207	ws_scheme_sca
208
209	USE indices, &
210	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb, nz, nzt, wall_flags_0
211
212	USE kinds
213
214	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
215	ONLY: chem_emis_att_type, chem_emis_val_type
216
217	USE pegrid
218
219	USE statistics, &
220	ONLY: sums_salsa_ws_l
221
222	IMPLICIT NONE
223	!
224	!-- SALSA constants:
225	!
226	!-- Local constants:
227	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: luc_urban = 15 !< default landuse type for urban
228	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: ngases_salsa = 5 !< total number of gaseous tracers:
229	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV
230	!< (non-volatile OC), 5 = OCSV (semi-volatile)
231	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nmod = 7 !< number of modes for initialising the aerosol size
232	!< distribution
233	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nreg = 2 !< Number of main size subranges
234	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: maxspec = 7 !< Max. number of aerosol species
235	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: season = 1 !< For dry depostion by Zhang et al.: 1 = summer,
236	!< 2 = autumn (no harvest yet), 3 = late autumn
237	!< (already frost), 4 = winter, 5 = transitional spring
238
239	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: fill_value = -9999.0_wp !< value for the _FillValue attribute
240	!
241	!-- Universal constants
242	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: abo = 1.380662E-23_wp !< Boltzmann constant (J/K)
243	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv = 2.260E+6_wp !< latent heat for H2O
244	!< vaporisation (J/kg)
245	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv_d_rv = 4896.96865_wp !< alv / rv
246	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: am_airmol = 4.8096E-26_wp !< Average mass of one air
247	!< molecule (Jacobson,
248	!< 2005, Eq. 2.3)
249	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: api6 = 0.5235988_wp !< pi / 6
250	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas = 8.314409_wp !< Gas constant (J/(mol K))
251	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas_d_cpd = 8.281283865E-3_wp !< argas per cpd
252	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: avo = 6.02214E+23_wp !< Avogadro constant (1/mol)
253	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: d_sa = 5.539376964394570E-10_wp !< diameter of condensing sulphuric
254	!< acid molecule (m)
255	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: for_ppm_to_nconc = 7.243016311E+16_wp !< ppm * avo / R (K/(Pa*m3))
256	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: epsoc = 0.15_wp !< water uptake of organic
257	!< material
258	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: mclim = 1.0E-23_wp !< mass concentration min limit (kg/m3)
259	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: n3 = 158.79_wp !< Number of H2SO4 molecules in 3 nm cluster
260	!< if d_sa=5.54e-10m
261	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: nclim = 1.0_wp !< number concentration min limit (#/m3)
262	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: surfw0 = 0.073_wp !< surface tension of water at 293 K (J/m2)
263	!
264	!-- Molar masses in kg/mol
265	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: ambc = 12.0E-3_wp !< black carbon (BC)
266	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdair = 28.970E-3_wp !< dry air
267	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdu = 100.E-3_wp !< mineral dust
268	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2o = 18.0154E-3_wp !< H2O
269	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2so4 = 98.06E-3_wp !< H2SO4
270	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amhno3 = 63.01E-3_wp !< HNO3
271	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amn2o = 44.013E-3_wp !< N2O
272	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amnh3 = 17.031E-3_wp !< NH3
273	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo2 = 31.9988E-3_wp !< O2
274	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo3 = 47.998E-3_wp !< O3
275	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amoc = 150.E-3_wp !< organic carbon (OC)
276	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amss = 58.44E-3_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
277	!
278	!-- Densities in kg/m3
279	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhobc = 2000.0_wp !< black carbon
280	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhodu = 2650.0_wp !< mineral dust
281	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2o = 1000.0_wp !< H2O
282	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2so4 = 1830.0_wp !< SO4
283	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhohno3 = 1479.0_wp !< HNO3
284	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhonh3 = 1530.0_wp !< NH3
285	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhooc = 2000.0_wp !< organic carbon
286	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoss = 2165.0_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
287	!
288	!-- Volume of molecule in m3/#
289	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2o = amh2o /avo / arhoh2o !< H2O
290	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2so4 = amh2so4 / avo / arhoh2so4 !< SO4
291	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvhno3 = amhno3 / avo / arhohno3 !< HNO3
292	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvnh3 = amnh3 / avo / arhonh3 !< NH3
293	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvoc = amoc / avo / arhooc !< OC
294	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvss = amss / avo / arhoss !< sea salt
295	!
296	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Petroff and Zhang (2010):
297	!-- obstacle characteristic dimension "L" (cm) (plane obstacle by default) and empirical constants
298	!-- C_B, C_IN, C_IM, beta_IM and C_IT for each land use category (15, as in Zhang et al. (2001))
299	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: l_p10 = &
300	(/0.15, 4.0, 0.15, 3.0, 3.0, 0.5, 3.0, -99., 0.5, 2.0, 1.0, -99., -99., -99., 3.0/)
301	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_b_p10 = &
302	(/0.887, 1.262, 0.887, 1.262, 1.262, 0.996, 0.996, -99., 0.7, 0.93, 0.996, -99., -99., -99., 1.262/)
303	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_in_p10 = &
304	(/0.81, 0.216, 0.81, 0.216, 0.216, 0.191, 0.162, -99., 0.7, 0.14, 0.162, -99., -99., -99., 0.216/)
305	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_im_p10 = &
306	(/0.162, 0.13, 0.162, 0.13, 0.13, 0.191, 0.081, -99., 0.191,0.086,0.081, -99., -99., -99., 0.13/)
307	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: beta_im_p10 = &
308	(/0.6, 0.47, 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, -99., 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, -99., -99., -99., 0.47/)
309	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_it_p10 = &
310	(/0.0, 0.056, 0.0, 0.056, 0.056, 0.042, 0.056, -99., 0.042,0.014,0.056, -99., -99., -99., 0.056/)
311	!
312	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Zhang et al. (2001):
313	!-- empirical constants "alpha" and "gamma" and characteristic radius "A" for
314	!-- each land use category (15) and season (5)
315	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: alpha_z01 = &
316	(/1.0, 0.6, 1.1, 0.8, 0.8, 1.2, 1.2, 50.0, 50.0, 1.3, 2.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0, 1.5/)
317	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: gamma_z01 = &
318	(/0.56, 0.58, 0.56, 0.56, 0.56, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.50, 0.50, 0.56/)
319	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15,1:5), PARAMETER :: A_z01 = RESHAPE( (/&
320	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC1
321	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC2
322	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC3
323	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC4
324	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0 & ! SC5
325	/), (/ 15, 5 /) )
326	!-- Land use categories (based on Z01 but the same applies here also for P10):
327	!-- 1 = evergreen needleleaf trees,
328	!-- 2 = evergreen broadleaf trees,
329	!-- 3 = deciduous needleleaf trees,
330	!-- 4 = deciduous broadleaf trees,
331	!-- 5 = mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees (deciduous broadleaf trees for P10),
332	!-- 6 = grass (short grass for P10),
333	!-- 7 = crops, mixed farming,
334	!-- 8 = desert,
335	!-- 9 = tundra,
336	!-- 10 = shrubs and interrupted woodlands (thorn shrubs for P10),
337	!-- 11 = wetland with plants (long grass for P10)
338	!-- 12 = ice cap and glacier,
339	!-- 13 = inland water (inland lake for P10)
340	!-- 14 = ocean (water for P10),
341	!-- 15 = urban
342	!
343	!-- SALSA variables:
344	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_b = 'neumann' !< bottom boundary condition
345	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_t = 'neumann' !< top boundary condition
346	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
347	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_type = 'deciduous_broadleaf' !< leaf type
348	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_surf_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
349	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_dynamic = 'PIDS_DYNAMIC' !< file name for dynamic input
350	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_salsa = 'PIDS_SALSA' !< file name for emission data
351	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: salsa_emission_mode = 'no_emission' !< 'no_emission', 'uniform',
352	!< 'parameterized', 'read_from_file'
353
354	CHARACTER(LEN=20), DIMENSION(4) :: decycle_method_salsa = &
355	(/'dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet'/)
356	!< Decycling method at horizontal boundaries
357	!< 1=left, 2=right, 3=south, 4=north
358	!< dirichlet = initial profiles for the ghost and first 3 layers
359	!< neumann = zero gradient
360
361	CHARACTER(LEN=3), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: listspec = & !< Active aerosols
362	(/'SO4',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '/)
363
364	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_par_num = 1 !< parametrisation type: 1=zhang2001, 2=petroff2010
365	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_type_num = 0 !< index for the dry deposition type on the plant canopy
366	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_surf_par_num = 1 !< parametrisation type: 1=zhang2001, 2=petroff2010
367	INTEGER(iwp) :: dots_salsa = 0 !< starting index for salsa-timeseries
368	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_1a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 1a
369	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2a
370	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2b = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2b
371	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_b !< index for the bottom boundary condition
372	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_t !< index for the top boundary condition
373	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_bc = -1 !< index for black carbon (BC)
374	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_du = -1 !< index for dust
375	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_nh = -1 !< index for NH3
376	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_no = -1 !< index for HNO3
377	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_oc = -1 !< index for organic carbon (OC)
378	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_so4 = -1 !< index for SO4 or H2SO4
379	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_ss = -1 !< index for sea salt
380	INTEGER(iwp) :: init_aerosol_type = 0 !< Initial size distribution type
381	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
382	!< 1 = read vertical profile of the mode number
383	!< concentration from an input file
384	INTEGER(iwp) :: init_gases_type = 0 !< Initial gas concentration type
385	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
386	!< 1 = read vertical profile from an input file
387	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_gas_emissions = 0 !< level of detail of the gaseous emission data
388	INTEGER(iwp) :: main_street_id = 0 !< lower bound of main street IDs (OpenStreetMaps) for parameterized mode
389	INTEGER(iwp) :: max_street_id = 0 !< upper bound of main street IDs (OpenStreetMaps) for parameterized mode
390	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins_aerosol = 1 !< total number of size bins
391	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 1 !< number of chemical components used
392	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomponents_mass = 1 !< total number of chemical compounds (ncc+1)
393	!< if particle water is advected)
394	INTEGER(iwp) :: nj3 = 1 !< J3 parametrization (nucleation)
395	!< 1 = condensational sink (Kerminen&Kulmala, 2002)
396	!< 2 = coagulational sink (Lehtinen et al. 2007)
397	!< 3 = coagS+self-coagulation (Anttila et al. 2010)
398	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsnucl = 0 !< Choice of the nucleation scheme:
399	!< 0 = off
400	!< 1 = binary nucleation
401	!< 2 = activation type nucleation
402	!< 3 = kinetic nucleation
403	!< 4 = ternary nucleation
404	!< 5 = nucleation with ORGANICs
405	!< 6 = activation type of nucleation with H2SO4+ORG
406	!< 7 = heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
407	!< 8 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4
408	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
409	!< 9 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and ORG
410	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
411	INTEGER(iwp) :: salsa_pr_count = 0 !< counter for salsa variable profiles
412	INTEGER(iwp) :: side_street_id = 0 !< lower bound of side street IDs (OpenStreetMaps) for parameterized mode
413	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_1a = 1 !< start index for bin subranges: subrange 1a
414	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2a = 1 !< subrange 2a
415	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2b = 1 !< subrange 2b
416
417	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nreg) :: nbin = (/ 3, 7/) !< Number of size bins per subrange: 1 & 2
418
419	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: gas_index_chem = (/ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1/) !< gas indices in chemistry_model_mod
420	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3,
421	!< 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV, 5 = OCSV
422	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: emission_index_chem !< gas indices in the gas emission file
423	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(99) :: salsa_pr_index = 0 !< index for salsa profiles
424
425	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_topo_top !< vertical index of the topography top
426
427	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: salsa_advc_flags_s !< flags used to degrade order of advection
428	!< scheme for salsa variables near walls and
429	!< lateral boundaries
430	!
431	!-- SALSA switches:
432	LOGICAL :: advect_particle_water = .TRUE. !< Advect water concentration of particles
433	LOGICAL :: decycle_salsa_lr = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundaries: left and right
434	LOGICAL :: decycle_salsa_ns = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundaries: north and south
435	LOGICAL :: include_emission = .FALSE. !< Include or not emissions
436	LOGICAL :: feedback_to_palm = .FALSE. !< Allow feedback due to condensation of H2O
437	LOGICAL :: nest_salsa = .FALSE. !< Apply nesting for salsa
438	LOGICAL :: no_insoluble = .FALSE. !< Exclude insoluble chemical components
439	LOGICAL :: read_restart_data_salsa = .FALSE. !< Read restart data for salsa
440	LOGICAL :: salsa_gases_from_chem = .FALSE. !< Transfer the gaseous components to SALSA from
441	!< the chemistry model
442	LOGICAL :: van_der_waals_coagc = .FALSE. !< Enhancement of coagulation kernel by van der
443	!< Waals and viscous forces
444	LOGICAL :: write_binary_salsa = .FALSE. !< read binary for salsa
445	!
446	!-- Process switches: nl* is read from the NAMELIST and is NOT changed.
447	!-- ls* is the switch used and will get the value of nl*
448	!-- except for special circumstances (spinup period etc.)
449	LOGICAL :: nlcoag = .FALSE. !< Coagulation master switch
450	LOGICAL :: lscoag = .FALSE. !<
451	LOGICAL :: nlcnd = .FALSE. !< Condensation master switch
452	LOGICAL :: lscnd = .FALSE. !<
453	LOGICAL :: nlcndgas = .FALSE. !< Condensation of precursor gases
454	LOGICAL :: lscndgas = .FALSE. !<
455	LOGICAL :: nlcndh2oae = .FALSE. !< Condensation of H2O on aerosol
456	LOGICAL :: lscndh2oae = .FALSE. !< particles (FALSE -> equilibrium calc.)
457	LOGICAL :: nldepo = .FALSE. !< Deposition master switch
458	LOGICAL :: lsdepo = .FALSE. !<
459	LOGICAL :: nldepo_surf = .FALSE. !< Deposition on vegetation master switch
460	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_surf = .FALSE. !<
461	LOGICAL :: nldepo_pcm = .FALSE. !< Deposition on walls master switch
462	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE. !<
463	LOGICAL :: nldistupdate = .TRUE. !< Size distribution update master switch
464	LOGICAL :: lsdistupdate = .FALSE. !<
465	LOGICAL :: lspartition = .FALSE. !< Partition of HNO3 and NH3
466
467	REAL(wp) :: act_coeff = 1.0E-7_wp !< Activation coefficient (1/s)
468	REAL(wp) :: dt_salsa = 0.00001_wp !< Time step of SALSA
469	REAL(wp) :: emiss_factor_main = 0.0_wp !< relative emission factor for main streets
470	REAL(wp) :: emiss_factor_side = 0.0_wp !< relative emission factor for side streets
471	REAL(wp) :: h2so4_init = nclim !< Init value for sulphuric acid gas
472	REAL(wp) :: hno3_init = nclim !< Init value for nitric acid gas
473	REAL(wp) :: last_salsa_time = 0.0_wp !< previous salsa call
474	REAL(wp) :: next_aero_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
475	REAL(wp) :: next_gas_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
476	REAL(wp) :: nf2a = 1.0_wp !< Number fraction allocated to 2a-bins
477	REAL(wp) :: nh3_init = nclim !< Init value for ammonia gas
478	REAL(wp) :: ocnv_init = nclim !< Init value for non-volatile organic gases
479	REAL(wp) :: ocsv_init = nclim !< Init value for semi-volatile organic gases
480	REAL(wp) :: rhlim = 1.20_wp !< RH limit in %/100. Prevents unrealistical RH
481	REAL(wp) :: skip_time_do_salsa = 0.0_wp !< Starting time of SALSA (s)
482	!
483	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres),
484	!-- standard deviation (sigmag) and concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3)
485	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: dpg = &
486	(/1.3E-8_wp, 5.4E-8_wp, 8.6E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp/)
487	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: sigmag = &
488	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
489	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: n_lognorm = &
490	(/1.04e+11_wp, 3.23E+10_wp, 5.4E+6_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
491	!
492	!-- Initial mass fractions / chemical composition of the size distribution
493	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_a = & !< mass fractions between
494	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for A bins
495	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_b = & !< mass fractions between
496	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for B bins
497	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nreg+1) :: reglim = & !< Min&max diameters of size subranges
498	(/ 3.0E-9_wp, 5.0E-8_wp, 1.0E-5_wp/)
499	!
500	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres), standard deviation (sigmag)
501	!-- concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3) and mass fractions of all chemical components (listed in
502	!-- listspec) for both a (soluble) and b (insoluble) bins.
503	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_dpg = &
504	(/1.3E-8_wp, 5.4E-8_wp, 8.6E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp/)
505	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_sigmag = &
506	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
507	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a = &
508	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
509	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b = &
510	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
511	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: surface_aerosol_flux = &
512	(/1.0E+8_wp, 1.0E+9_wp, 1.0E+5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
513
514	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bin_low_limits !< to deliver information about
515	!< the lower diameters per bin
516	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_am_t_val !< vertical gradient of: aerosol mass
517	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_an_t_val !< of: aerosol number
518	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_gt_t_val !< salsa gases near domain top
519	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: gas_emission_time !< Time array in gas emission data (s)
520	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsect !< Background number concentrations
521	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: massacc !< Mass accomodation coefficients
522	!
523	!-- SALSA derived datatypes:
524	!
525	!-- Component index
526	TYPE component_index
527	CHARACTER(len=3), ALLOCATABLE :: comp(:) !< Component name
528	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomp !< Number of components
529	INTEGER(iwp), ALLOCATABLE :: ind(:) !< Component index
530	END TYPE component_index
531	!
532	!-- For matching LSM and USM surface types and the deposition module surface types
533	TYPE match_surface
534	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_lupg !< index for pavement / green roofs
535	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_luvw !< index for vegetation / walls
536	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_luww !< index for water / windows
537	END TYPE match_surface
538	!
539	!-- Aerosol emission data attributes
540	TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
541
542	CHARACTER(LEN=25) :: units
543
544	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_name !<
545	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !<
546	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: unit_time !<
547	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !<
548
549	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod = 0 !< level of detail
550	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins = 10 !< number of aerosol size bins
551	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncat = 0 !< number of emission categories
552	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 7 !< number of aerosol chemical components
553	INTEGER(iwp) :: nhoursyear = 0 !< number of hours: HOURLY mode
554	INTEGER(iwp) :: nmonthdayhour = 0 !< number of month days and hours: MDH mode
555	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
556	INTEGER(iwp) :: nt = 0 !< number of time steps
557	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz = 0 !< number of vertical levels
558	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind !< time index for reference time in salsa emission data
559
560	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_in2mod = 0 !<
561
562	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_index !< Index of emission categories
563	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_index !< Index of chemical components
564
565	REAL(wp) :: conversion_factor !< unit conversion factor for aerosol emissions
566
567	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: dmid !< mean diameters of size bins (m)
568	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: rho !< average density (kg/m3)
569	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time !< time (s)
570	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time_factor !< emission time factor
571	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: z !< height (m)
572
573	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: etf !< emission time factor
574	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: stack_height
575
576	END TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
577	!
578	!-- The default size distribution and mass composition per emission category:
579	!-- 1 = traffic, 2 = road dust, 3 = wood combustion, 4 = other
580	!-- Mass fractions: H2SO4, OC, BC, DU, SS, HNO3, NH3
581	TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
582
583	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndm = 3 !< number of default modes
584	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndc = 4 !< number of default categories
585
586	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_name_table = (/'traffic exhaust', &
587	'road dust ', &
588	'wood combustion', &
589	'other '/)
590
591	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_input_to_model !<
592
593	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: dpg_table = (/ 13.5E-9_wp, 1.4E-6_wp, 5.4E-8_wp/) !<
594	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ntot_table !<
595	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: sigmag_table = (/ 1.6_wp, 1.4_wp, 1.7_wp /) !<
596
597	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:maxspec,1:4) :: mass_frac_table = & !<
598	RESHAPE( (/ 0.04_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
599	0.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.95_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
600	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
601	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp &
602	/), (/maxspec,4/) )
603
604	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3,1:4) :: pm_frac_table = & !< rel. mass
605	RESHAPE( (/ 0.016_wp, 0.000_wp, 0.984_wp, &
606	0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, &
607	0.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, &
608	1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp &
609	/), (/3,4/) )
610
611	END TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
612	!
613	!-- Aerosol emission data values
614	TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
615
616	REAL(wp) :: fill !< fill value
617
618	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_mass_fracs !< mass fractions
619
620	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_mass_fracs !< mass fractions per emis. category
621
622	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_data !< surface emission values in PM
623	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_data !< surface emission values per bin
624
625	END TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
626	!
627	!-- Prognostic variable: Aerosol size bin information (number (#/m3) and mass (kg/m3) concentration)
628	!-- and the concentration of gaseous tracers (#/m3). Gas tracers are contained sequentially in
629	!-- dimension 4 as:
630	!-- 1. H2SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV (non-volatile organics), 5. OCSV (semi-volatile)
631	TYPE salsa_variable
632
633	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: init !<
634
635	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: diss_s !<
636	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: flux_s !<
637	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: source !<
638	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: sums_ws_l !<
639
640	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: diss_l !<
641	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: flux_l !<
642
643	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: conc !<
644	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: conc_p !<
645	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER, CONTIGUOUS :: tconc_m !<
646
647	END TYPE salsa_variable
648	!
649	!-- Datatype used to store information about the binned size distributions of aerosols
650	TYPE t_section
651
652	REAL(wp) :: dmid !< bin middle diameter (m)
653	REAL(wp) :: vhilim !< bin volume at the high limit
654	REAL(wp) :: vlolim !< bin volume at the low limit
655	REAL(wp) :: vratiohi !< volume ratio between the center and high limit
656	REAL(wp) :: vratiolo !< volume ratio between the center and low limit
657	!******************************************************
658	! ^ Do NOT change the stuff above after initialization !
659	!******************************************************
660	REAL(wp) :: core !< Volume of dry particle
661	REAL(wp) :: dwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter (m)
662	REAL(wp) :: numc !< Number concentration of particles/droplets (#/m3)
663	REAL(wp) :: veqh2o !< Equilibrium H2O concentration for each particle
664
665	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec+1) :: volc !< Volume concentrations (m^3/m^3) of aerosols +
666	!< water. Since most of the stuff in SALSA is hard
667	!< coded, these have to be in the order
668	!< 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
669	END TYPE t_section
670
671	TYPE(salsa_emission_attribute_type) :: aero_emission_att !< emission attributes
672	TYPE(salsa_emission_value_type) :: aero_emission !< emission values
673	TYPE(salsa_emission_mode_type) :: def_modes !< default emission modes
674
675	TYPE(chem_emis_att_type) :: chem_emission_att !< chemistry emission attributes
676
677	TYPE(chem_emis_val_type), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_emission !< chemistry emissions
678
679	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: aero !< local aerosol properties
680
681	TYPE(match_surface) :: lsm_to_depo_h !< to match the deposition module and horizontal LSM surfaces
682	TYPE(match_surface) :: usm_to_depo_h !< to match the deposition module and horizontal USM surfaces
683
684	TYPE(match_surface), DIMENSION(0:3) :: lsm_to_depo_v !< to match the deposition mod. and vertical LSM surfaces
685	TYPE(match_surface), DIMENSION(0:3) :: usm_to_depo_v !< to match the deposition mod. and vertical USM surfaces
686	!
687	!-- SALSA variables: as x = x(k,j,i,bin).
688	!-- The 4th dimension contains all the size bins sequentially for each aerosol species + water.
689	!
690	!-- Prognostic variables:
691	!
692	!-- Number concentration (#/m3)
693	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: aerosol_number !<
694	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_1 !<
695	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_2 !<
696	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nconc_3 !<
697	!
698	!-- Mass concentration (kg/m3)
699	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: aerosol_mass !<
700	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_1 !<
701	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_2 !<
702	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mconc_3 !<
703	!
704	!-- Gaseous concentrations (#/m3)
705	TYPE(salsa_variable), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: salsa_gas !<
706	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_1 !<
707	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_2 !<
708	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: gconc_3 !<
709	!
710	!-- Diagnostic tracers
711	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: sedim_vd !< sedimentation velocity per bin (m/s)
712	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ra_dry !< aerosol dry radius (m)
713
714	!-- Particle component index tables
715	TYPE(component_index) :: prtcl !< Contains "getIndex" which gives the index for a given aerosol
716	!< component name: 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
717	!
718	!-- Data output arrays:
719	!
720	!-- Gases:
721	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_h2so4_av !< H2SO4
722	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_hno3_av !< HNO3
723	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_nh3_av !< NH3
724	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_ocnv_av !< non-volatile OC
725	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: g_ocsv_av !< semi-volatile OC
726	!
727	!-- Integrated:
728	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: ldsa_av !< lung-deposited surface area
729	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: ntot_av !< total number concentration
730	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nufp_av !< ultrafine particles (UFP)
731	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm01_av !< PM0.1
732	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm25_av !< PM2.5
733	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: pm10_av !< PM10
734	!
735	!-- In the particle phase:
736	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_bc_av !< black carbon
737	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_du_av !< dust
738	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_h2o_av !< liquid water
739	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_nh_av !< ammonia
740	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_no_av !< nitrates
741	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_oc_av !< org. carbon
742	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_so4_av !< sulphates
743	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: s_ss_av !< sea salt
744	!
745	!-- Bin specific mass and number concentrations:
746	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: mbins_av !< bin mas
747	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: nbins_av !< bin number
748
749	!
750	!-- PALM interfaces:
751
752	INTERFACE salsa_actions
753	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions
754	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions_ij
755	END INTERFACE salsa_actions
756
757	INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
758	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_3d_data_averaging
759	END INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
760
761	INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
762	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds
763	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds_decycle
764	END INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
765
766	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
767	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output
768	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
769
770	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output_pr
771	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output_pr
772	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output_pr
773
774	INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
775	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_parameters
776	END INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
777
778	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
779	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_2d
780	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
781
782	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
783	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_3d
784	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
785
786	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
787	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_mask
788	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
789
790	INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
791	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
792	END INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
793
794	INTERFACE salsa_driver
795	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_driver
796	END INTERFACE salsa_driver
797
798	INTERFACE salsa_emission_update
799	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_emission_update
800	END INTERFACE salsa_emission_update
801
802	INTERFACE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
803	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
804	END INTERFACE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
805
806	INTERFACE salsa_header
807	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_header
808	END INTERFACE salsa_header
809
810	INTERFACE salsa_init
811	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init
812	END INTERFACE salsa_init
813
814	INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
815	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init_arrays
816	END INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
817
818	INTERFACE salsa_non_advective_processes
819	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_non_advective_processes
820	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_non_advective_processes_ij
821	END INTERFACE salsa_non_advective_processes
822
823	INTERFACE salsa_parin
824	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_parin
825	END INTERFACE salsa_parin
826
827	INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
828	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations
829	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations_ij
830	END INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
831
832	INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
833	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_rrd_local
834	END INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
835
836	INTERFACE salsa_statistics
837	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_statistics
838	END INTERFACE salsa_statistics
839
840	INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
841	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_swap_timelevel
842	END INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
843
844	INTERFACE salsa_tendency
845	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency
846	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency_ij
847	END INTERFACE salsa_tendency
848
849	INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
850	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_wrd_local
851	END INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
852
853
854	SAVE
855
856	PRIVATE
857	!
858	!-- Public functions:
859	PUBLIC salsa_boundary_conds, salsa_check_data_output, salsa_check_parameters, &
860	salsa_3d_data_averaging, salsa_data_output_2d, salsa_data_output_3d, &
861	salsa_data_output_mask, salsa_define_netcdf_grid, salsa_diagnostics, salsa_driver, &
862	salsa_emission_update, salsa_header, salsa_init, salsa_init_arrays, salsa_parin, &
863	salsa_rrd_local, salsa_swap_timelevel, salsa_prognostic_equations, salsa_wrd_local, &
864	salsa_actions, salsa_non_advective_processes, salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds, &
865	salsa_check_data_output_pr, salsa_statistics
866	!
867	!-- Public parameters, constants and initial values
868	PUBLIC bc_am_t_val, bc_an_t_val, bc_gt_t_val, dots_salsa, dt_salsa, &
869	ibc_salsa_b, last_salsa_time, lsdepo, nest_salsa, salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem, &
870	skip_time_do_salsa
871	!
872	!-- Public prognostic variables
873	PUBLIC aerosol_mass, aerosol_number, gconc_2, mconc_2, nbins_aerosol, ncc, ncomponents_mass, &
874	nclim, nconc_2, ngases_salsa, prtcl, ra_dry, salsa_gas, sedim_vd
875
876
877	CONTAINS
878
879	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
880	! Description:
881	! ------------
882	!> Parin for &salsa_par for new modules
883	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
884	SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
885
886	USE control_parameters, &
887	ONLY: data_output_pr
888
889	IMPLICIT NONE
890
891	CHARACTER(LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of parameter file
892
893	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
894	INTEGER(iwp) :: max_pr_salsa_tmp !< dummy variable
895
896	NAMELIST /salsa_parameters/ aerosol_flux_dpg, &
897	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a, &
898	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b, &
899	aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
900	advect_particle_water, &
901	bc_salsa_b, &
902	bc_salsa_t, &
903	decycle_salsa_lr, &
904	decycle_method_salsa, &
905	decycle_salsa_ns, &
906	depo_pcm_par, &
907	depo_pcm_type, &
908	depo_surf_par, &
909	dpg, &
910	dt_salsa, &
911	emiss_factor_main, &
912	emiss_factor_side, &
913	feedback_to_palm, &
914	h2so4_init, &
915	hno3_init, &
916	init_gases_type, &
917	init_aerosol_type, &
918	listspec, &
919	main_street_id, &
920	mass_fracs_a, &
921	mass_fracs_b, &
922	max_street_id, &
923	n_lognorm, &
924	nbin, &
925	nest_salsa, &
926	nf2a, &
927	nh3_init, &
928	nj3, &
929	nlcnd, &
930	nlcndgas, &
931	nlcndh2oae, &
932	nlcoag, &
933	nldepo, &
934	nldepo_pcm, &
935	nldepo_surf, &
936	nldistupdate, &
937	nsnucl, &
938	ocnv_init, &
939	ocsv_init, &
940	read_restart_data_salsa, &
941	reglim, &
942	salsa, &
943	salsa_emission_mode, &
944	sigmag, &
945	side_street_id, &
946	skip_time_do_salsa, &
947	surface_aerosol_flux, &
948	van_der_waals_coagc, &
949	write_binary_salsa
950
951	line = ' '
952	!
953	!-- Try to find salsa package
954	REWIND ( 11 )
955	line = ' '
956	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&salsa_parameters' ) == 0 )
957	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
958	ENDDO
959	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
960	!
961	!-- Read user-defined namelist
962	READ ( 11, salsa_parameters )
963	!
964	!-- Enable salsa (salsa switch in modules.f90)
965	salsa = .TRUE.
966
967	10 CONTINUE
968	!
969	!-- Update the number of output profiles
970	max_pr_salsa_tmp = 0
971	i = 1
972	DO WHILE ( data_output_pr(i) /= ' ' .AND. i <= 100 )
973	IF ( TRIM( data_output_pr(i)(1:6) ) == 'salsa_' ) max_pr_salsa_tmp = max_pr_salsa_tmp + 1
974	i = i + 1
975	ENDDO
976	IF ( max_pr_salsa_tmp > 0 ) max_pr_salsa = max_pr_salsa_tmp
977
978	END SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
979
980	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
981	! Description:
982	! ------------
983	!> Check parameters routine for salsa.
984	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
985	SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
986
987	USE control_parameters, &
988	ONLY: humidity
989
990	IMPLICIT NONE
991
992	!
993	!-- Checks go here (cf. check_parameters.f90).
994	IF ( salsa .AND. .NOT. humidity ) THEN
995	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'salsa = ', salsa, ' is not allowed with humidity = ', humidity
996	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0594', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
997	ENDIF
998
999	IF ( bc_salsa_b == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
1000	ibc_salsa_b = 0
1001	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_b == 'neumann' ) THEN
1002	ibc_salsa_b = 1
1003	ELSE
1004	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_b = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
1005	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0595', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1006	ENDIF
1007
1008	IF ( bc_salsa_t == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
1009	ibc_salsa_t = 0
1010	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'neumann' ) THEN
1011	ibc_salsa_t = 1
1012	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'nested' ) THEN
1013	ibc_salsa_t = 2
1014	ELSE
1015	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_t = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
1016	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0596', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1017	ENDIF
1018
1019	IF ( nj3 < 1 .OR. nj3 > 3 ) THEN
1020	message_string = 'unknown nj3 (must be 1-3)'
1021	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0597', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1022	ENDIF
1023
1024	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' .AND. ibc_salsa_b == 0 ) THEN
1025	message_string = 'salsa_emission_mode /= "no_emission" requires bc_salsa_b = "Neumann"'
1026	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters','PA0598', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1027	ENDIF
1028
1029	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' ) include_emission = .TRUE.
1030
1031	END SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
1032
1033	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1034	!
1035	! Description:
1036	! ------------
1037	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
1038	!> It is called out from subroutine netcdf.
1039	!> Same grid as for other scalars (see netcdf_interface_mod.f90)
1040	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1041	SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
1042
1043	IMPLICIT NONE
1044
1045	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !<
1046	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !<
1047	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !<
1048	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !<
1049
1050	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
1051
1052	found = .TRUE.
1053	!
1054	!-- Check for the grid
1055
1056	IF ( var(1:6) == 'salsa_' ) THEN ! same grid for all salsa output variables
1057	grid_x = 'x'
1058	grid_y = 'y'
1059	grid_z = 'zu'
1060	ELSE
1061	found = .FALSE.
1062	grid_x = 'none'
1063	grid_y = 'none'
1064	grid_z = 'none'
1065	ENDIF
1066
1067	END SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
1068
1069	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1070	! Description:
1071	! ------------
1072	!> Header output for new module
1073	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1074	SUBROUTINE salsa_header( io )
1075
1076	USE indices, &
1077	ONLY: nx, ny, nz
1078
1079	IMPLICIT NONE
1080
1081	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
1082	!
1083	!-- Write SALSA header
1084	WRITE( io, 1 )
1085	WRITE( io, 2 ) skip_time_do_salsa
1086	WRITE( io, 3 ) dt_salsa
1087	WRITE( io, 4 ) nz, ny, nx, nbins_aerosol
1088	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
1089	WRITE( io, 5 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol, &
1090	advect_particle_water
1091	ELSE
1092	WRITE( io, 5 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ncc*nbins_aerosol, advect_particle_water
1093	ENDIF
1094	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1095	WRITE( io, 6 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ngases_salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem
1096	ENDIF
1097	WRITE( io, 7 )
1098	IF ( nsnucl > 0 ) WRITE( io, 8 ) nsnucl, nj3
1099	IF ( nlcoag ) WRITE( io, 9 )
1100	IF ( nlcnd ) WRITE( io, 10 ) nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae
1101	IF ( lspartition ) WRITE( io, 11 )
1102	IF ( nldepo ) WRITE( io, 12 ) nldepo_pcm, nldepo_surf
1103	WRITE( io, 13 ) reglim, nbin, bin_low_limits
1104	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) WRITE( io, 14 ) nsect
1105	WRITE( io, 15 ) ncc, listspec, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
1106	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1107	WRITE( io, 16 ) ngases_salsa, h2so4_init, hno3_init, nh3_init, ocnv_init, ocsv_init
1108	ENDIF
1109	WRITE( io, 17 ) init_aerosol_type, init_gases_type
1110	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) THEN
1111	WRITE( io, 18 ) dpg, sigmag, n_lognorm
1112	ELSE
1113	WRITE( io, 19 )
1114	ENDIF
1115	IF ( nest_salsa ) WRITE( io, 20 ) nest_salsa
1116	WRITE( io, 21 ) salsa_emission_mode
1117	IF ( salsa_emission_mode == 'uniform' ) THEN
1118	WRITE( io, 22 ) surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
1119	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a
1120	ENDIF
1121	IF ( SUM( aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b ) > 0.0_wp .OR. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) &
1122	THEN
1123	WRITE( io, 23 )
1124	ENDIF
1125
1126	1 FORMAT (//' SALSA information:'/ &
1127	' ------------------------------'/)
1128	2 FORMAT (' Starts at: skip_time_do_salsa = ', F10.2, ' s')
1129	3 FORMAT (/' Timestep: dt_salsa = ', F6.2, ' s')
1130	4 FORMAT (/' Array shape (z,y,x,bins):'/ &
1131	' aerosol_number: ', 4(I3))
1132	5 FORMAT (/' aerosol_mass: ', 4(I3),/ &
1133	' (advect_particle_water = ', L1, ')')
1134	6 FORMAT (' salsa_gas: ', 4(I3),/ &
1135	' (salsa_gases_from_chem = ', L1, ')')
1136	7 FORMAT (/' Aerosol dynamic processes included: ')
1137	8 FORMAT (/' nucleation (scheme = ', I1, ' and J3 parametrization = ', I1, ')')
1138	9 FORMAT (/' coagulation')
1139	10 FORMAT (/' condensation (of precursor gases = ', L1, ' and water vapour = ', L1, ')' )
1140	11 FORMAT (/' dissolutional growth by HNO3 and NH3')
1141	12 FORMAT (/' dry deposition (on vegetation = ', L1, ' and on topography = ', L1, ')')
1142	13 FORMAT (/' Aerosol bin subrange limits (in metres): ', 3(ES10.2E3), / &
1143	' Number of size bins for each aerosol subrange: ', 2I3,/ &
1144	' Aerosol bin limits (in metres): ', 9(ES10.2E3))
1145	14 FORMAT (' Initial number concentration in bins at the lowest level (#/m**3):', 9(ES10.2E3))
1146	15 FORMAT (/' Number of chemical components used: ', I1,/ &
1147	' Species: ',7(A6),/ &
1148	' Initial relative contribution of each species to particle volume in:',/ &
1149	' a-bins: ', 7(F6.3),/ &
1150	' b-bins: ', 7(F6.3))
1151	16 FORMAT (/' Number of gaseous tracers used: ', I1,/ &
1152	' Initial gas concentrations:',/ &
1153	' H2SO4: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1154	' HNO3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1155	' NH3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1156	' OCNV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1157	' OCSV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3')
1158	17 FORMAT (/' Initialising concentrations: ', / &
1159	' Aerosol size distribution: init_aerosol_type = ', I1,/ &
1160	' Gas concentrations: init_gases_type = ', I1 )
1161	18 FORMAT ( ' Mode diametres: dpg(nmod) = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1162	' Standard deviation: sigmag(nmod) = ', 7(F7.2),/ &
1163	' Number concentration: n_lognorm(nmod) = ', 7(ES12.4E3), ' (#/m3)' )
1164	19 FORMAT (/' Size distribution read from a file.')
1165	20 FORMAT (/' Nesting for salsa variables: ', L1 )
1166	21 FORMAT (/' Emissions: salsa_emission_mode = ', A )
1167	22 FORMAT (/' surface_aerosol_flux = ', ES12.4E3, ' #/m**2/s', / &
1168	' aerosol_flux_dpg = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1169	' aerosol_flux_sigmag = ', 7(F7.2), / &
1170	' aerosol_mass_fracs_a = ', 7(ES12.4E3) )
1171	23 FORMAT (/' (currently all emissions are soluble!)')
1172
1173	END SUBROUTINE salsa_header
1174
1175	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1176	! Description:
1177	! ------------
1178	!> Allocate SALSA arrays and define pointers if required
1179	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1180	SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1181
1182	USE advec_ws, &
1183	ONLY: ws_init_flags_scalar
1184
1185	USE surface_mod, &
1186	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
1187
1188	IMPLICIT NONE
1189
1190	INTEGER(iwp) :: gases_available !< Number of available gas components in the chemistry model
1191	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index for allocating
1192	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< index for indexing chemical components
1193	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for allocating: surfaces
1194	INTEGER(iwp) :: lsp !< loop index for chem species in the chemistry model
1195
1196	gases_available = 0
1197	!
1198	!-- Allocate prognostic variables (see salsa_swap_timelevel)
1199	!
1200	!-- Set derived indices:
1201	!-- (This does the same as the subroutine salsa_initialize in SALSA/UCLALES-SALSA)
1202	start_subrange_1a = 1 ! 1st index of subrange 1a
1203	start_subrange_2a = start_subrange_1a + nbin(1) ! 1st index of subrange 2a
1204	end_subrange_1a = start_subrange_2a - 1 ! last index of subrange 1a
1205	end_subrange_2a = end_subrange_1a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2a
1206
1207	!
1208	!-- If the fraction of insoluble aerosols in subrange 2 is zero: do not allocate arrays for them
1209	IF ( nf2a > 0.999999_wp .AND. SUM( mass_fracs_b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1210	no_insoluble = .TRUE.
1211	start_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a+1 ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1212	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a ! last index of subrange 2b
1213	ELSE
1214	start_subrange_2b = start_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1215	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2b
1216	ENDIF
1217
1218	nbins_aerosol = end_subrange_2b ! total number of aerosol size bins
1219	!
1220	!-- Create index tables for different aerosol components
1221	CALL component_index_constructor( prtcl, ncc, maxspec, listspec )
1222
1223	ncomponents_mass = ncc
1224	IF ( advect_particle_water ) ncomponents_mass = ncc + 1 ! Add water
1225	!
1226	!-- Indices for chemical components used (-1 = not used)
1227	ii = 0
1228	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SO4' ) ) THEN
1229	index_so4 = get_index( prtcl,'SO4' )
1230	ii = ii + 1
1231	ENDIF
1232	IF ( is_used( prtcl,'OC' ) ) THEN
1233	index_oc = get_index(prtcl, 'OC')
1234	ii = ii + 1
1235	ENDIF
1236	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'BC' ) ) THEN
1237	index_bc = get_index( prtcl, 'BC' )
1238	ii = ii + 1
1239	ENDIF
1240	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'DU' ) ) THEN
1241	index_du = get_index( prtcl, 'DU' )
1242	ii = ii + 1
1243	ENDIF
1244	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SS' ) ) THEN
1245	index_ss = get_index( prtcl, 'SS' )
1246	ii = ii + 1
1247	ENDIF
1248	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NO' ) ) THEN
1249	index_no = get_index( prtcl, 'NO' )
1250	ii = ii + 1
1251	ENDIF
1252	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NH' ) ) THEN
1253	index_nh = get_index( prtcl, 'NH' )
1254	ii = ii + 1
1255	ENDIF
1256	!
1257	!-- All species must be known
1258	IF ( ii /= ncc ) THEN
1259	message_string = 'Unknown aerosol species/component(s) given in the initialization'
1260	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: salsa_init', 'PA0600', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1261	ENDIF
1262	!
1263	!-- Allocate:
1264	ALLOCATE( aero(nbins_aerosol), bc_am_t_val(nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass), &
1265	bc_an_t_val(nbins_aerosol), bc_gt_t_val(ngases_salsa), bin_low_limits(nbins_aerosol),&
1266	nsect(nbins_aerosol), massacc(nbins_aerosol) )
1267	ALLOCATE( k_topo_top(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1268	IF ( nldepo ) ALLOCATE( sedim_vd(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1269	ALLOCATE( ra_dry(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1270	!
1271	!-- Initialise the sectional particle size distribution
1272	CALL set_sizebins
1273	!
1274	!-- Aerosol number concentration
1275	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(nbins_aerosol) )
1276	ALLOCATE( nconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1277	nconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1278	nconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1279	nconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1280	nconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1281	nconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1282
1283	DO i = 1, nbins_aerosol
1284	aerosol_number(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1285	aerosol_number(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1286	aerosol_number(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1287	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1288	aerosol_number(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1289	aerosol_number(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1290	aerosol_number(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1291	aerosol_number(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1292	aerosol_number(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1293	aerosol_number(i)%init = nclim
1294	IF ( include_emission .OR. ( nldepo .AND. nldepo_surf ) ) THEN
1295	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%source(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1296	aerosol_number(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1297	ENDIF
1298	ENDDO
1299
1300	!
1301	!-- Aerosol mass concentration
1302	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1303	ALLOCATE( mconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1304	mconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1305	mconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1306	mconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1307	mconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1308	mconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1309
1310	DO i = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1311	aerosol_mass(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1312	aerosol_mass(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1313	aerosol_mass(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1314	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1315	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1316	aerosol_mass(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1317	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1318	aerosol_mass(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1319	aerosol_mass(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1320	aerosol_mass(i)%init = mclim
1321	IF ( include_emission .OR. ( nldepo .AND. nldepo_surf ) ) THEN
1322	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%source(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1323	aerosol_mass(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1324	ENDIF
1325	ENDDO
1326
1327	!
1328	!-- Surface fluxes: answs = aerosol number, amsws = aerosol mass
1329	!
1330	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1331	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1332	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1333	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1334	surf_def_h(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1335	surf_def_h(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1336	ENDDO
1337	!
1338	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1339	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%answs( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1340	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1341	surf_lsm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1342	surf_lsm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1343	!
1344	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1345	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%answs( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1346	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%amsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1347	surf_usm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1348	surf_usm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1349
1350	!
1351	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and westward (l=3) facing
1352	DO l = 0, 3
1353	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1354	surf_def_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1355	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1356	surf_def_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1357
1358	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1359	surf_lsm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1360	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1361	surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1362
1363	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1364	surf_usm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1365	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1366	surf_usm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1367
1368	ENDDO
1369
1370	!
1371	!-- Concentration of gaseous tracers (1. SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV, 5. OCSV)
1372	!-- (number concentration (#/m3) )
1373	!
1374	!-- If chemistry is on, read gas phase concentrations from there. Otherwise,
1375	!-- allocate salsa_gas array.
1376
1377	IF ( air_chemistry ) THEN
1378	DO lsp = 1, nvar
1379	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( chem_species(lsp)%name ) )
1380	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'h2so4' )
1381	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1382	gas_index_chem(1) = lsp
1383	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3' )
1384	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1385	gas_index_chem(2) = lsp
1386	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3' )
1387	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1388	gas_index_chem(3) = lsp
1389	CASE ( 'OCNV', 'ocnv' )
1390	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1391	gas_index_chem(4) = lsp
1392	CASE ( 'OCSV', 'ocsv' )
1393	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1394	gas_index_chem(5) = lsp
1395	END SELECT
1396	ENDDO
1397
1398	IF ( gases_available == ngases_salsa ) THEN
1399	salsa_gases_from_chem = .TRUE.
1400	ELSE
1401	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'SALSA is run together with chemistry but not all gaseous '// &
1402	'components are provided by kpp (H2SO4, HNO3, NH3, OCNV, OCSV)'
1403	CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0599', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1404	ENDIF
1405
1406	ELSE
1407
1408	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(ngases_salsa) )
1409	ALLOCATE( gconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1410	gconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1411	gconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa) )
1412	gconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1413	gconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1414	gconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1415
1416	DO i = 1, ngases_salsa
1417	salsa_gas(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1418	salsa_gas(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1419	salsa_gas(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1420	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1421	salsa_gas(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1422	salsa_gas(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1423	salsa_gas(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1424	salsa_gas(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1425	salsa_gas(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1426	salsa_gas(i)%init = nclim
1427	IF ( include_emission ) THEN
1428	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%source(nys:nys,nxl:nxr) )
1429	salsa_gas(i)%source = 0.0_wp
1430	ENDIF
1431	ENDDO
1432	!
1433	!-- Surface fluxes: gtsws = gaseous tracer flux
1434	!
1435	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1436	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1437	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1438	surf_def_h(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1439	ENDDO
1440	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1441	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1442	surf_lsm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1443	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1444	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1445	surf_usm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1446	!
1447	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and
1448	!-- westward (l=3) facing
1449	DO l = 0, 3
1450	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1451	surf_def_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1452	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1453	surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1454	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1455	surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1456	ENDDO
1457	ENDIF
1458
1459	IF ( ws_scheme_sca ) THEN
1460
1461	IF ( salsa ) THEN
1462	ALLOCATE( sums_salsa_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1463	sums_salsa_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1464	ENDIF
1465
1466	ENDIF
1467	!
1468	!-- Set control flags for decycling only at lateral boundary cores. Within the inner cores the
1469	!-- decycle flag is set to .FALSE.. Even though it does not affect the setting of chemistry boundary
1470	!-- conditions, this flag is used to set advection control flags appropriately.
1471	decycle_salsa_lr = MERGE( decycle_salsa_lr, .FALSE., nxl == 0 .OR. nxr == nx )
1472	decycle_salsa_ns = MERGE( decycle_salsa_ns, .FALSE., nys == 0 .OR. nyn == ny )
1473	!
1474	!-- Decycling can be applied separately for aerosol variables, while wind and other scalars may have
1475	!-- cyclic or nested boundary conditions. However, large gradients near the boundaries may produce
1476	!-- stationary numerical oscillations near the lateral boundaries when a higher-order scheme is
1477	!-- applied near these boundaries. To get rid-off this, set-up additional flags that control the
1478	!-- order of the scalar advection scheme near the lateral boundaries for passive scalars with
1479	!-- decycling.
1480	IF ( scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' ) THEN
1481	ALLOCATE( salsa_advc_flags_s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1482	!
1483	!-- In case of decycling, set Neuman boundary conditions for wall_flags_0 bit 31 instead of
1484	!-- cyclic boundary conditions. Bit 31 is used to identify extended degradation zones (please see
1485	!-- the following comment). Note, since several also other modules may access this bit but may
1486	!-- have other boundary conditions, the original value of wall_flags_0 bit 31 must not be
1487	!-- modified. Hence, store the boundary conditions directly on salsa_advc_flags_s.
1488	!-- salsa_advc_flags_s will be later overwritten in ws_init_flags_scalar and bit 31 won't be used
1489	!-- to control the numerical order.
1490	!-- Initialize with flag 31 only.
1491	salsa_advc_flags_s = 0
1492	salsa_advc_flags_s = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s, 31 ), 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0, 31 ) )
1493
1494	IF ( decycle_salsa_ns ) THEN
1495	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
1496	DO i = 1, nbgp
1497	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys-i,:) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ), &
1498	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ), &
1499	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nys,:), 31 ) )
1500	ENDDO
1501	ENDIF
1502	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1503	DO i = 1, nbgp
1504	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn+i,:) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ), &
1505	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ), &
1506	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,nyn,:), 31 ) )
1507	ENDDO
1508	ENDIF
1509	ENDIF
1510	IF ( decycle_salsa_lr ) THEN
1511	IF ( nxl == 0 ) THEN
1512	DO i = 1, nbgp
1513	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl-i) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ), &
1514	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ), &
1515	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxl), 31 ) )
1516	ENDDO
1517	ENDIF
1518	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1519	DO i = 1, nbgp
1520	salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr+i) = MERGE( IBSET( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ), &
1521	IBCLR( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ), &
1522	BTEST( salsa_advc_flags_s(:,:,nxr), 31 ) )
1523	ENDDO
1524	ENDIF
1525	ENDIF
1526	!
1527	!-- To initialise the advection flags appropriately, pass the boundary flags to
1528	!-- ws_init_flags_scalar. The last argument in ws_init_flags_scalar indicates that a passive
1529	!-- scalar is being treated and the horizontal advection terms are degraded already 2 grid points
1530	!-- before the lateral boundary. Also, extended degradation zones are applied, where
1531	!-- horizontal advection of scalars is discretised by the first-order scheme at all grid points
1532	!-- in the vicinity of buildings (<= 3 grid points). Even though no building is within the
1533	!-- numerical stencil, the first-order scheme is used. At fourth and fifth grid points, the order
1534	!-- of the horizontal advection scheme is successively upgraded.
1535	!-- These degradations of the advection scheme are done to avoid stationary numerical
1536	!-- oscillations, which are responsible for high concentration maxima that may appear e.g. under
1537	!-- shear-free stable conditions.
1538	CALL ws_init_flags_scalar( bc_dirichlet_l .OR. bc_radiation_l .OR. decycle_salsa_lr, &
1539	bc_dirichlet_n .OR. bc_radiation_n .OR. decycle_salsa_ns, &
1540	bc_dirichlet_r .OR. bc_radiation_r .OR. decycle_salsa_lr, &
1541	bc_dirichlet_s .OR. bc_radiation_s .OR. decycle_salsa_ns, &
1542	salsa_advc_flags_s, .TRUE. )
1543	ENDIF
1544
1545
1546	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1547
1548	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1549	! Description:
1550	! ------------
1551	!> Initialization of SALSA. Based on salsa_initialize in UCLALES-SALSA.
1552	!> Subroutines salsa_initialize, SALSAinit and DiagInitAero in UCLALES-SALSA are
1553	!> also merged here.
1554	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1555	SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1556
1557	IMPLICIT NONE
1558
1559	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
1560	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index for aerosol number bins
1561	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index for aerosol mass bins
1562	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index for gases
1563	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
1564
1565	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'salsa_init', 'start' )
1566
1567	bin_low_limits = 0.0_wp
1568	k_topo_top = 0
1569	nsect = 0.0_wp
1570	massacc = 1.0_wp
1571	!
1572	!-- Initialise
1573	IF ( nldepo ) sedim_vd = 0.0_wp
1574
1575	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1576	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
1577	salsa_gas(1)%conc = h2so4_init
1578	salsa_gas(2)%conc = hno3_init
1579	salsa_gas(3)%conc = nh3_init
1580	salsa_gas(4)%conc = ocnv_init
1581	salsa_gas(5)%conc = ocsv_init
1582	ENDIF
1583	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1584	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1585	salsa_gas(ig)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1586	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1587	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1588	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1589	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1590	salsa_gas(ig)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1591	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = salsa_gas(ig)%conc
1592	ENDDO
1593	!
1594	!-- Set initial value for gas compound tracer
1595	salsa_gas(1)%init = h2so4_init
1596	salsa_gas(2)%init = hno3_init
1597	salsa_gas(3)%init = nh3_init
1598	salsa_gas(4)%init = ocnv_init
1599	salsa_gas(5)%init = ocsv_init
1600	ENDIF
1601	!
1602	!-- Aerosol radius in each bin: dry and wet (m)
1603	ra_dry = 1.0E-10_wp
1604	!
1605	!-- Initialise location-dependent aerosol size distributions and chemical compositions:
1606	CALL aerosol_init
1607
1608	!-- Initalisation run of SALSA + calculate the vertical top index of the topography
1609	DO i = nxl, nxr
1610	DO j = nys, nyn
1611
1612	k_topo_top(j,i) = MAXLOC( MERGE( 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,i), 12 ) ), DIM = 1 ) - 1
1613
1614	CALL salsa_driver( i, j, 1 )
1615	CALL salsa_diagnostics( i, j )
1616	ENDDO
1617	ENDDO
1618
1619	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
1620	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p = aerosol_number(ib)%conc
1621	aerosol_number(ib)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1622	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1623	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1624	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1625	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1626	aerosol_number(ib)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1627	ENDDO
1628	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1629	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc_p = aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
1630	aerosol_mass(ic)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1631	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1632	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1633	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1634	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1635	aerosol_mass(ic)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1636	ENDDO
1637	!
1638	!
1639	!-- Initialise the deposition scheme and surface types
1640	IF ( nldepo ) CALL init_deposition
1641
1642	IF ( include_emission ) THEN
1643	!
1644	!-- Read in and initialize emissions
1645	CALL salsa_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1646	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem .AND. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) THEN
1647	CALL salsa_gas_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1648	ENDIF
1649	ENDIF
1650	!
1651	!-- Partition and dissolutional growth by gaseous HNO3 and NH3
1652	IF ( index_no > 0 .AND. index_nh > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) lspartition = .TRUE.
1653
1654	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'salsa_init', 'end' )
1655
1656	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1657
1658	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1659	! Description:
1660	! ------------
1661	!> Initializes particle size distribution grid by calculating size bin limits
1662	!> and mid-size for dry particles in each bin. Called from salsa_initialize
1663	!> (only at the beginning of simulation).
1664	!> Size distribution described using:
1665	!> 1) moving center method (subranges 1 and 2)
1666	!> (Jacobson, Atmos. Env., 31, 131-144, 1997)
1667	!> 2) fixed sectional method (subrange 3)
1668	!> Size bins in each subrange are spaced logarithmically
1669	!> based on given subrange size limits and bin number.
1670	!
1671	!> Mona changed 06/2017: Use geometric mean diameter to describe the mean
1672	!> particle diameter in a size bin, not the arithmeric mean which clearly
1673	!> overestimates the total particle volume concentration.
1674	!
1675	!> Coded by:
1676	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
1677	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
1678	!
1679	!> Bug fixes for box model + updated for the new aerosol datatype:
1680	!> Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
1681	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1682	SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1683
1684	IMPLICIT NONE
1685
1686	INTEGER(iwp) :: cc !< running index
1687	INTEGER(iwp) :: dd !< running index
1688
1689	REAL(wp) :: ratio_d !< ratio of the upper and lower diameter of subranges
1690
1691	aero(:)%dwet = 1.0E-10_wp
1692	aero(:)%veqh2o = 1.0E-10_wp
1693	aero(:)%numc = nclim
1694	aero(:)%core = 1.0E-10_wp
1695	DO cc = 1, maxspec+1 ! 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
1696	aero(:)%volc(cc) = 0.0_wp
1697	ENDDO
1698	!
1699	!-- vlolim&vhilim: min & max dry volumes [fxm]
1700	!-- dmid: bin mid dry diameter (m)
1701	!-- vratiolo&vratiohi: volume ratio between the center and low/high limit
1702	!
1703	!-- 1) Size subrange 1:
1704	ratio_d = reglim(2) / reglim(1) ! section spacing (m)
1705	DO cc = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1706	aero(cc)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc-1 ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1707	aero(cc)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1708	aero(cc)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(cc)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1709	( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1710	aero(cc)%vratiohi = aero(cc)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1711	aero(cc)%vratiolo = aero(cc)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1712	ENDDO
1713	!
1714	!-- 2) Size subrange 2:
1715	!-- 2.1) Sub-subrange 2a: high hygroscopicity
1716	ratio_d = reglim(3) / reglim(2) ! section spacing
1717	DO dd = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
1718	cc = dd - start_subrange_2a
1719	aero(dd)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1720	aero(dd)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc+1 ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1721	aero(dd)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(dd)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1722	( aero(dd)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1723	aero(dd)%vratiohi = aero(dd)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1724	aero(dd)%vratiolo = aero(dd)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1725	ENDDO
1726	!
1727	!-- 2.2) Sub-subrange 2b: low hygroscopicity
1728	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
1729	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vlolim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vlolim
1730	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vhilim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vhilim
1731	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%dmid = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%dmid
1732	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiohi = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiohi
1733	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiolo = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiolo
1734	ENDIF
1735	!
1736	!-- Initialize the wet diameter with the bin dry diameter to avoid numerical problems later
1737	aero(:)%dwet = aero(:)%dmid
1738	!
1739	!-- Save bin limits (lower diameter) to be delivered to PALM if needed
1740	DO cc = 1, nbins_aerosol
1741	bin_low_limits(cc) = ( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
1742	ENDDO
1743
1744	END SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1745
1746	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1747	! Description:
1748	! ------------
1749	!> Initilize altitude-dependent aerosol size distributions and compositions.
1750	!>
1751	!> Mona added 06/2017: Correct the number and mass concentrations by normalizing
1752	!< by the given total number and mass concentration.
1753	!>
1754	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
1755	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1756	SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
1757
1758	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
1759	ONLY: check_existence, close_input_file, get_attribute, get_variable, &
1760	inquire_num_variables, inquire_variable_names, &
1761	netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length, open_read_file
1762
1763	IMPLICIT NONE
1764
1765	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !< chemical component name
1766	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !< variable names
1767
1768	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
1769	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index: x-direction
1770	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index: size bins
1771	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index: chemical components
1772	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_dyn !< NetCDF id of PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1773	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index: gases
1774	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index: y-direction
1775	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index: z-direction
1776	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_aero !< level of detail of inital aerosol concentrations
1777	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
1778	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nbins !< number of aerosol size bins in file
1779	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_ncc !< number of aerosol chemical components in file
1780	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nz !< number of vertical grid-points in file
1781	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< running mode of SALSA
1782	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
1783
1784	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_in2mod
1785
1786	LOGICAL :: netcdf_extend = .FALSE. !< Flag: netcdf file exists
1787
1788	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
1789
1790	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: core !< size of the bin mid aerosol particle
1791
1792	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pnf2a !< number fraction in 2a
1793	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pmfoc1a !< mass fraction of OC in 1a
1794
1795	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol) :: pndist !< vertical profile of size dist. (#/m3)
1796	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2a !< mass distributions in subrange 2a
1797	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2b !< mass distributions in subrange 2b
1798
1799	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_dmid !< vertical profile of aerosol bin diameters
1800	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_z !< z levels of profiles
1801
1802	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_a !< mass fraction: a
1803	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_b !< and b
1804
1805	cc_in2mod = 0
1806	prunmode = 1
1807	!
1808	!-- Bin mean aerosol particle volume (m3)
1809	core(1:nbins_aerosol) = api6 * aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid**3
1810	!
1811	!-- Set concentrations to zero
1812	pndist(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1813	pnf2a(:) = nf2a
1814	pmf2a(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1815	pmf2b(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1816	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1817
1818	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 1 ) THEN
1819	!
1820	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1821	#if defined( __netcdf )
1822	!
1823	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1824	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
1825	IF ( netcdf_extend ) THEN
1826	!
1827	!-- Open file in read-only mode
1828	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
1829	!
1830	!-- At first, inquire all variable names
1831	CALL inquire_num_variables( id_dyn, num_vars )
1832	!
1833	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names
1834	ALLOCATE( var_names(1:num_vars) )
1835	CALL inquire_variable_names( id_dyn, var_names )
1836	!
1837	!-- Inquire vertical dimension and number of aerosol chemical components
1838	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
1839	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
1840	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
1841	'the number of numeric grid points.'
1842	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0601', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1843	ENDIF
1844	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_ncc, 'composition_index' )
1845	!
1846	!-- Allocate memory
1847	ALLOCATE( pr_z(1:pr_nz), pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc), &
1848	pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc) )
1849	pr_mass_fracs_a = 0.0_wp
1850	pr_mass_fracs_b = 0.0_wp
1851	!
1852	!-- Read vertical levels
1853	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'z', pr_z )
1854	!
1855	!-- Read the names of chemical components
1856	IF ( check_existence( var_names, 'composition_name' ) ) THEN
1857	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'composition_name', cc_name, pr_ncc )
1858	ELSE
1859	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Missing composition_name in ' // TRIM( input_file_dynamic )
1860	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0655', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1861	ENDIF
1862	!
1863	!-- Define the index of each chemical component in the model
1864	DO ic = 1, pr_ncc
1865	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( cc_name(ic) ) )
1866	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'SO4', 'h2so4', 'so4' )
1867	cc_in2mod(1) = ic
1868	CASE ( 'OC', 'oc' )
1869	cc_in2mod(2) = ic
1870	CASE ( 'BC', 'bc' )
1871	cc_in2mod(3) = ic
1872	CASE ( 'DU', 'du' )
1873	cc_in2mod(4) = ic
1874	CASE ( 'SS', 'ss' )
1875	cc_in2mod(5) = ic
1876	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3', 'NO', 'no' )
1877	cc_in2mod(6) = ic
1878	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3', 'NH', 'nh' )
1879	cc_in2mod(7) = ic
1880	END SELECT
1881	ENDDO
1882
1883	IF ( SUM( cc_in2mod ) == 0 ) THEN
1884	message_string = 'None of the aerosol chemical components in ' // TRIM( &
1885	input_file_dynamic ) // ' correspond to ones applied in SALSA.'
1886	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0602', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1887	ENDIF
1888	!
1889	!-- Vertical profiles of mass fractions of different chemical components:
1890	IF ( check_existence( var_names, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a' ) ) THEN
1891	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a', pr_mass_fracs_a, &
1892	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1893	ELSE
1894	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Missing init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a in ' // &
1895	TRIM( input_file_dynamic )
1896	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0656', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1897	ENDIF
1898	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_b', pr_mass_fracs_b, &
1899	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1900	!
1901	!-- Match the input data with the chemical composition applied in the model
1902	DO ic = 1, maxspec
1903	ss = cc_in2mod(ic)
1904	IF ( ss == 0 ) CYCLE
1905	pmf2a(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt,ss)
1906	pmf2b(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt,ss)
1907	ENDDO
1908	!
1909	!-- Aerosol concentrations: lod=1 (vertical profile of sectional number size distribution)
1910	CALL get_attribute( id_dyn, 'lod', lod_aero, .FALSE., 'init_atmosphere_aerosol' )
1911	IF ( lod_aero /= 1 ) THEN
1912	message_string = 'Currently only lod=1 accepted for init_atmosphere_aerosol'
1913	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0603', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1914	ELSE
1915	!
1916	!-- Bin mean diameters in the input file
1917	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nbins, 'Dmid')
1918	IF ( pr_nbins /= nbins_aerosol ) THEN
1919	message_string = 'Number of size bins in init_atmosphere_aerosol does not match ' &
1920	// 'with that applied in the model'
1921	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0604', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1922	ENDIF
1923
1924	ALLOCATE( pr_dmid(pr_nbins) )
1925	pr_dmid = 0.0_wp
1926
1927	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'Dmid', pr_dmid )
1928	!
1929	!-- Check whether the sectional representation conform to the one
1930	!-- applied in the model
1931	IF ( ANY( ABS( ( aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid - pr_dmid ) / &
1932	aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid ) > 0.1_wp ) ) THEN
1933	message_string = 'Mean diameters of the aerosol size bins in ' // TRIM( &
1934	input_file_dynamic ) // ' do not match with the sectional '// &
1935	'representation of the model.'
1936	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0605', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1937	ENDIF
1938	!
1939	!-- Inital aerosol concentrations
1940	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_aerosol', pndist(nzb+1:nzt,:), &
1941	0, pr_nbins-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1942	ENDIF
1943	!
1944	!-- Set bottom and top boundary condition (Neumann)
1945	pmf2a(nzb,:) = pmf2a(nzb+1,:)
1946	pmf2a(nzt+1,:) = pmf2a(nzt,:)
1947	pmf2b(nzb,:) = pmf2b(nzb+1,:)
1948	pmf2b(nzt+1,:) = pmf2b(nzt,:)
1949	pndist(nzb,:) = pndist(nzb+1,:)
1950	pndist(nzt+1,:) = pndist(nzt,:)
1951
1952	IF ( index_so4 < 0 ) THEN
1953	pmf2a(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1954	pmf2b(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1955	ENDIF
1956	IF ( index_oc < 0 ) THEN
1957	pmf2a(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1958	pmf2b(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1959	ENDIF
1960	IF ( index_bc < 0 ) THEN
1961	pmf2a(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1962	pmf2b(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1963	ENDIF
1964	IF ( index_du < 0 ) THEN
1965	pmf2a(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1966	pmf2b(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1967	ENDIF
1968	IF ( index_ss < 0 ) THEN
1969	pmf2a(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1970	pmf2b(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1971	ENDIF
1972	IF ( index_no < 0 ) THEN
1973	pmf2a(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1974	pmf2b(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1975	ENDIF
1976	IF ( index_nh < 0 ) THEN
1977	pmf2a(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1978	pmf2b(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1979	ENDIF
1980
1981	IF ( SUM( pmf2a ) < 0.00001_wp .AND. SUM( pmf2b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1982	message_string = 'Error in initialising mass fractions of chemical components. ' // &
1983	'Check that all chemical components are included in parameter file!'
1984	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0606', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1985	ENDIF
1986	!
1987	!-- Then normalise the mass fraction so that SUM = 1
1988	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1989	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
1990	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
1991	ENDDO
1992
1993	DEALLOCATE( pr_z, pr_mass_fracs_a, pr_mass_fracs_b )
1994
1995	ELSE
1996	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
1997	' for SALSA missing!'
1998	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0607', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1999	!
2000	!-- Close input file
2001	CALL close_input_file( id_dyn )
2002	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
2003
2004	#else
2005	message_string = 'init_aerosol_type = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used '// &
2006	'in compiling!'
2007	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0608', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2008
2009	#endif
2010
2011	ELSEIF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) THEN
2012	!
2013	!-- Mass fractions for species in a and b-bins
2014	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2015	pmf2a(:,1) = mass_fracs_a(index_so4)
2016	pmf2b(:,1) = mass_fracs_b(index_so4)
2017	ENDIF
2018	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2019	pmf2a(:,2) = mass_fracs_a(index_oc)
2020	pmf2b(:,2) = mass_fracs_b(index_oc)
2021	ENDIF
2022	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2023	pmf2a(:,3) = mass_fracs_a(index_bc)
2024	pmf2b(:,3) = mass_fracs_b(index_bc)
2025	ENDIF
2026	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2027	pmf2a(:,4) = mass_fracs_a(index_du)
2028	pmf2b(:,4) = mass_fracs_b(index_du)
2029	ENDIF
2030	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2031	pmf2a(:,5) = mass_fracs_a(index_ss)
2032	pmf2b(:,5) = mass_fracs_b(index_ss)
2033	ENDIF
2034	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2035	pmf2a(:,6) = mass_fracs_a(index_no)
2036	pmf2b(:,6) = mass_fracs_b(index_no)
2037	ENDIF
2038	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2039	pmf2a(:,7) = mass_fracs_a(index_nh)
2040	pmf2b(:,7) = mass_fracs_b(index_nh)
2041	ENDIF
2042	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2043	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
2044	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
2045	ENDDO
2046
2047	CALL size_distribution( n_lognorm, dpg, sigmag, nsect )
2048	!
2049	!-- Normalize by the given total number concentration
2050	nsect = nsect * SUM( n_lognorm ) / SUM( nsect )
2051	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
2052	pndist(:,ib) = nsect(ib)
2053	ENDDO
2054	ENDIF
2055
2056	IF ( init_gases_type == 1 ) THEN
2057	!
2058	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_CHEM
2059	#if defined( __netcdf )
2060	!
2061	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
2062	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
2063	IF ( netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2064	!
2065	!-- Open file in read-only mode
2066	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
2067	!
2068	!-- Inquire dimensions:
2069	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
2070	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
2071	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
2072	'the number of numeric grid points.'
2073	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0609', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2074	ENDIF
2075	!
2076	!-- Read vertical profiles of gases:
2077	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_h2so4', salsa_gas(1)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2078	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_hno3', salsa_gas(2)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2079	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_nh3', salsa_gas(3)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2080	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocnv', salsa_gas(4)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2081	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocsv', salsa_gas(5)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
2082	!
2083	!-- Set Neumann top and surface boundary condition for initial + initialise concentrations
2084	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2085	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb+1)
2086	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt+1) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt)
2087	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2088	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2089	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(k,:,:) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(k)
2090	ENDDO
2091	ENDIF
2092	ENDDO
2093
2094	ELSEIF ( .NOT. netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2095	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
2096	' for SALSA missing!'
2097	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0610', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2098	!
2099	!-- Close input file
2100	CALL close_input_file( id_dyn )
2101	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
2102	#else
2103	message_string = 'init_gases_type = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used in '//&
2104	'compiling!'
2105	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0611', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2106
2107	#endif
2108
2109	ENDIF
2110	!
2111	!-- Both SO4 and OC are included, so use the given mass fractions
2112	IF ( index_oc > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2113	pmfoc1a(:) = pmf2a(:,2) / ( pmf2a(:,2) + pmf2a(:,1) ) ! Normalize
2114	!
2115	!-- Pure organic carbon
2116	ELSEIF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2117	pmfoc1a(:) = 1.0_wp
2118	!
2119	!-- Pure SO4
2120	ELSEIF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2121	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
2122
2123	ELSE
2124	message_string = 'Either OC or SO4 must be active for aerosol region 1a!'
2125	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0612', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2126	ENDIF
2127
2128	!
2129	!-- Initialize concentrations
2130	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2131	DO j = nysg, nyng
2132	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2133	!
2134	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2135	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2136	!
2137	!-- a) Number concentrations
2138	!-- Region 1:
2139	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
2140	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2141	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = pndist(k,ib) * flag
2142	ENDIF
2143	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2144	aerosol_number(ib)%init = pndist(:,ib)
2145	ENDIF
2146	ENDDO
2147	!
2148	!-- Region 2:
2149	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
2150	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
2151	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2152	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pnf2a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * flag
2153	ENDIF
2154	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2155	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
2156	ENDIF
2157	ENDDO
2158	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2159	DO ib = start_subrange_2b, end_subrange_2b
2160	IF ( pnf2a(k) < 1.0_wp ) THEN
2161	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2162	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2163	pndist(k,ib) * flag
2164	ENDIF
2165	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2166	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
2167	ENDIF
2168	ENDIF
2169	ENDDO
2170	ENDIF
2171	ENDIF
2172	!
2173	!-- b) Aerosol mass concentrations
2174	!-- bin subrange 1: done here separately due to the SO4/OC convention
2175	!
2176	!-- SO4:
2177	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2178	ss = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
2179	ee = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
2180	ib = start_subrange_1a
2181	DO ic = ss, ee
2182	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2183	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * &
2184	pndist(k,ib) * core(ib) * arhoh2so4 * flag
2185	ENDIF
2186	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2187	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) &
2188	* core(ib) * arhoh2so4
2189	ENDIF
2190	ib = ib+1
2191	ENDDO
2192	ENDIF
2193	!
2194	!-- OC:
2195	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2196	ss = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
2197	ee = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
2198	ib = start_subrange_1a
2199	DO ic = ss, ee
2200	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2201	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2202	core(ib) * arhooc * flag
2203	ENDIF
2204	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2205	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2206	core(ib) * arhooc
2207	ENDIF
2208	ib = ib+1
2209	ENDDO
2210	ENDIF
2211	ENDDO !< k
2212
2213	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2214
2215	ENDDO !< j
2216	ENDDO !< i
2217
2218	!
2219	!-- c) Aerosol mass concentrations
2220	!-- bin subrange 2:
2221	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
2222
2223	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2224	CALL set_aero_mass( index_so4, pmf2a(:,1), pmf2b(:,1), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoh2so4 )
2225	ENDIF
2226	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2227	CALL set_aero_mass( index_oc, pmf2a(:,2), pmf2b(:,2), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhooc )
2228	ENDIF
2229	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2230	CALL set_aero_mass( index_bc, pmf2a(:,3), pmf2b(:,3), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhobc )
2231	ENDIF
2232	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2233	CALL set_aero_mass( index_du, pmf2a(:,4), pmf2b(:,4), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhodu )
2234	ENDIF
2235	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2236	CALL set_aero_mass( index_ss, pmf2a(:,5), pmf2b(:,5), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoss )
2237	ENDIF
2238	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2239	CALL set_aero_mass( index_no, pmf2a(:,6), pmf2b(:,6), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhohno3 )
2240	ENDIF
2241	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2242	CALL set_aero_mass( index_nh, pmf2a(:,7), pmf2b(:,7), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhonh3 )
2243	ENDIF
2244
2245	ENDIF
2246
2247	END SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
2248
2249	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2250	! Description:
2251	! ------------
2252	!> Create a lognormal size distribution and discretise to a sectional
2253	!> representation.
2254	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2255	SUBROUTINE size_distribution( in_ntot, in_dpg, in_sigma, psd_sect )
2256
2257	IMPLICIT NONE
2258
2259	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< running index: bin
2260	INTEGER(iwp) :: iteration !< running index: iteration
2261
2262	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2263	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2264	REAL(wp) :: delta_d !< (d2-d1)/10
2265	REAL(wp) :: deltadp !< bin width
2266	REAL(wp) :: dmidi !< ( d1 + d2 ) / 2
2267
2268	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_dpg !< geometric mean diameter (m)
2269	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_ntot !< number conc. (#/m3)
2270	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_sigma !< standard deviation
2271
2272	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: psd_sect !< sectional size distribution
2273
2274	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
2275	psd_sect(ib) = 0.0_wp
2276	!
2277	!-- Particle diameter at the low limit (largest in the bin) (m)
2278	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2279	!
2280	!-- Particle diameter at the high limit (smallest in the bin) (m)
2281	d2 = ( aero(ib)%vhilim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2282	!
2283	!-- Span of particle diameter in a bin (m)
2284	delta_d = 0.1_wp * ( d2 - d1 )
2285	!
2286	!-- Iterate:
2287	DO iteration = 1, 10
2288	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp + ( ib - 1) delta_d
2289	d2 = d1 + delta_d
2290	dmidi = 0.5_wp * ( d1 + d2 )
2291	deltadp = LOG10( d2 / d1 )
2292	!
2293	!-- Size distribution
2294	!-- in_ntot = total number, total area, or total volume concentration
2295	!-- in_dpg = geometric-mean number, area, or volume diameter
2296	!-- n(k) = number, area, or volume concentration in a bin
2297	psd_sect(ib) = psd_sect(ib) + SUM( in_ntot * deltadp / ( SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) * &
2298	LOG10( in_sigma ) ) * EXP( -LOG10( dmidi / in_dpg )**2.0_wp / &
2299	( 2.0_wp * LOG10( in_sigma ) ** 2.0_wp ) ) )
2300
2301	ENDDO
2302	ENDDO
2303
2304	END SUBROUTINE size_distribution
2305
2306	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2307	! Description:
2308	! ------------
2309	!> Sets the mass concentrations to aerosol arrays in 2a and 2b.
2310	!>
2311	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
2312	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2313	SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass( ispec, pmf2a, pmf2b, pnf2a, pndist, pcore, prho )
2314
2315	IMPLICIT NONE
2316
2317	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
2318	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
2319	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2320	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2321	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index
2322	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2323	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< 1 = initialise
2324	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
2325
2326	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: ispec !< Aerosol species index
2327
2328	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2329
2330	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prho !< Aerosol density
2331
2332	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pcore !< Aerosol bin mid core volume
2333	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pnf2a !< Number fraction for 2a
2334	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2a !< Mass distributions for a
2335	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2b !< and b bins
2336
2337	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pndist !< Aerosol size distribution
2338
2339	prunmode = 1
2340
2341	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2342	DO j = nysg, nyng
2343	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2344	!
2345	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2346	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2347	!
2348	!-- Regime 2a:
2349	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2a
2350	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2a
2351	ib = start_subrange_2a
2352	DO ic = ss, ee
2353	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2354	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib)&
2355	* pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2356	ENDIF
2357	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2358	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2359	pcore(ib) * prho
2360	ENDIF
2361	ib = ib + 1
2362	ENDDO
2363	!
2364	!-- Regime 2b:
2365	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2366	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2b
2367	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2b
2368	ib = start_subrange_2a
2369	DO ic = ss, ee
2370	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2371	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k))&
2372	* pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2373	ENDIF
2374	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2375	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2376	pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho
2377	ENDIF
2378	ib = ib + 1
2379	ENDDO ! c
2380
2381	ENDIF
2382	ENDDO ! k
2383
2384	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2385
2386	ENDDO ! j
2387	ENDDO ! i
2388
2389	END SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass
2390
2391	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2392	! Description:
2393	! ------------
2394	!> Initialise the matching between surface types in LSM and deposition models.
2395	!> Do the matching based on Zhang et al. (2001). Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560
2396	!> (here referred as Z01).
2397	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2398	SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2399
2400	USE surface_mod, &
2401	ONLY: surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2402
2403	IMPLICIT NONE
2404
2405	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for vertical surfaces
2406
2407	LOGICAL :: match_lsm !< flag to initilise LSM surfaces (if false, initialise USM surfaces)
2408
2409	IF ( depo_pcm_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
2410	depo_pcm_par_num = 1
2411	ELSEIF ( depo_pcm_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
2412	depo_pcm_par_num = 2
2413	ENDIF
2414
2415	IF ( depo_surf_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
2416	depo_surf_par_num = 1
2417	ELSEIF ( depo_surf_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
2418	depo_surf_par_num = 2
2419	ENDIF
2420	!
2421	!-- LSM: Pavement, vegetation and water
2422	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. land_surface ) THEN
2423	match_lsm = .TRUE.
2424	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg(1:surf_lsm_h%ns), &
2425	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw(1:surf_lsm_h%ns), &
2426	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww(1:surf_lsm_h%ns) )
2427	lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg = 0
2428	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw = 0
2429	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww = 0
2430	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_lsm_h, lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg, lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw, &
2431	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww, match_lsm )
2432	DO l = 0, 3
2433	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns), &
2434	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns), &
2435	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2436	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg = 0
2437	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw = 0
2438	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww = 0
2439	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_lsm_v(l), lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg, &
2440	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw, lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww, match_lsm )
2441	ENDDO
2442	ENDIF
2443	!
2444	!-- USM: Green roofs/walls, wall surfaces and windows
2445	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. urban_surface ) THEN
2446	match_lsm = .FALSE.
2447	ALLOCATE( usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg(1:surf_usm_h%ns), &
2448	usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw(1:surf_usm_h%ns), &
2449	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww(1:surf_usm_h%ns) )
2450	usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg = 0
2451	usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw = 0
2452	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww = 0
2453	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_usm_h, usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg, usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw, &
2454	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww, match_lsm )
2455	DO l = 0, 3
2456	ALLOCATE( usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns), &
2457	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns), &
2458	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns) )
2459	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg = 0
2460	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw = 0
2461	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww = 0
2462	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_usm_v(l), usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg, &
2463	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw, usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww, match_lsm )
2464	ENDDO
2465	ENDIF
2466
2467	IF ( nldepo_pcm ) THEN
2468	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_type )
2469	CASE ( 'evergreen_needleleaf' )
2470	depo_pcm_type_num = 1
2471	CASE ( 'evergreen_broadleaf' )
2472	depo_pcm_type_num = 2
2473	CASE ( 'deciduous_needleleaf' )
2474	depo_pcm_type_num = 3
2475	CASE ( 'deciduous_broadleaf' )
2476	depo_pcm_type_num = 4
2477	CASE DEFAULT
2478	message_string = 'depo_pcm_type not set correctly.'
2479	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_deposition', 'PA0613', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2480	END SELECT
2481	ENDIF
2482
2483	END SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2484
2485	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2486	! Description:
2487	! ------------
2488	!> Match the surface types in PALM and Zhang et al. 2001 deposition module
2489	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2490	SUBROUTINE match_sm_zhang( surf, match_pav_green, match_veg_wall, match_wat_win, match_lsm )
2491
2492	USE surface_mod, &
2493	ONLY: ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_type
2494
2495	IMPLICIT NONE
2496
2497	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< index for surface elements
2498	INTEGER(iwp) :: pav_type_palm !< pavement / green wall type in PALM
2499	INTEGER(iwp) :: veg_type_palm !< vegetation / wall type in PALM
2500	INTEGER(iwp) :: wat_type_palm !< water / window type in PALM
2501
2502	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_pav_green !< matching pavement/green walls
2503	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_veg_wall !< matching vegetation/walls
2504	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_wat_win !< matching water/windows
2505
2506	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: match_lsm !< flag to initilise LSM surfaces (if false, initialise USM)
2507
2508	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(in) :: surf !< respective surface type
2509
2510	DO m = 1, surf%ns
2511	IF ( match_lsm ) THEN
2512	!
2513	!-- Vegetation (LSM):
2514	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2515	veg_type_palm = surf%vegetation_type(m)
2516	SELECT CASE ( veg_type_palm )
2517	CASE ( 0 )
2518	message_string = 'No vegetation type defined.'
2519	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_depo_surfaces', 'PA0614', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2520	CASE ( 1 ) ! bare soil
2521	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2522	CASE ( 2 ) ! crops, mixed farming
2523	match_veg_wall(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2524	CASE ( 3 ) ! short grass
2525	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2526	CASE ( 4 ) ! evergreen needleleaf trees
2527	match_veg_wall(m) = 1 ! evergreen needleleaf trees in Z01
2528	CASE ( 5 ) ! deciduous needleleaf trees
2529	match_veg_wall(m) = 3 ! deciduous needleleaf trees in Z01
2530	CASE ( 6 ) ! evergreen broadleaf trees
2531	match_veg_wall(m) = 2 ! evergreen broadleaf trees in Z01
2532	CASE ( 7 ) ! deciduous broadleaf trees
2533	match_veg_wall(m) = 4 ! deciduous broadleaf trees in Z01
2534	CASE ( 8 ) ! tall grass
2535	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2536	CASE ( 9 ) ! desert
2537	match_veg_wall(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2538	CASE ( 10 ) ! tundra
2539	match_veg_wall(m) = 9 ! tundra in Z01
2540	CASE ( 11 ) ! irrigated crops
2541	match_veg_wall(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2542	CASE ( 12 ) ! semidesert
2543	match_veg_wall(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2544	CASE ( 13 ) ! ice caps and glaciers
2545	match_veg_wall(m) = 12 ! ice cap and glacier in Z01
2546	CASE ( 14 ) ! bogs and marshes
2547	match_veg_wall(m) = 11 ! wetland with plants in Z01
2548	CASE ( 15 ) ! evergreen shrubs
2549	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2550	CASE ( 16 ) ! deciduous shrubs
2551	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2552	CASE ( 17 ) ! mixed forest/woodland
2553	match_veg_wall(m) = 5 ! mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees in Z01
2554	CASE ( 18 ) ! interrupted forest
2555	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2556	END SELECT
2557	ENDIF
2558	!
2559	!-- Pavement (LSM):
2560	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2561	pav_type_palm = surf%pavement_type(m)
2562	IF ( pav_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2563	message_string = 'No pavement type defined.'
2564	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_sm_zhang', 'PA0615', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2565	ELSE
2566	match_pav_green(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2567	ENDIF
2568	ENDIF
2569	!
2570	!-- Water (LSM):
2571	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2572	wat_type_palm = surf%water_type(m)
2573	IF ( wat_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2574	message_string = 'No water type defined.'
2575	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_sm_zhang', 'PA0616', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2576	ELSEIF ( wat_type_palm == 3 ) THEN
2577	match_wat_win(m) = 14 ! ocean in Z01
2578	ELSEIF ( wat_type_palm == 1 .OR. wat_type_palm == 2 .OR. wat_type_palm == 4 &
2579	.OR. wat_type_palm == 5 ) THEN
2580	match_wat_win(m) = 13 ! inland water in Z01
2581	ENDIF
2582	ENDIF
2583	ELSE
2584	!
2585	!-- Wall surfaces (USM):
2586	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2587	match_veg_wall(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2588	ENDIF
2589	!
2590	!-- Green walls and roofs (USM):
2591	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2592	match_pav_green(m) = 6 ! (short) grass in Z01
2593	ENDIF
2594	!
2595	!-- Windows (USM):
2596	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2597	match_wat_win(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2598	ENDIF
2599	ENDIF
2600
2601	ENDDO
2602
2603	END SUBROUTINE match_sm_zhang
2604
2605	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2606	! Description:
2607	! ------------
2608	!> Swapping of timelevels
2609	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2610	SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel( mod_count )
2611
2612	IMPLICIT NONE
2613
2614	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2615	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2616	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !<
2617	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2618
2619	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: mod_count !<
2620
2621	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= skip_time_do_salsa ) THEN
2622
2623	SELECT CASE ( mod_count )
2624
2625	CASE ( 0 )
2626
2627	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2628	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2629	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2630
2631	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2632	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2633	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2634	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2635	ENDDO
2636	ENDDO
2637
2638	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2639	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2640	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2641	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2642	ENDDO
2643	ENDIF
2644
2645	CASE ( 1 )
2646
2647	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2648	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2649	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2650	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2651	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2652	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2653	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2654	ENDDO
2655	ENDDO
2656
2657	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2658	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2659	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2660	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2661	ENDDO
2662	ENDIF
2663
2664	END SELECT
2665
2666	ENDIF
2667
2668	END SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel
2669
2670
2671	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2672	! Description:
2673	! ------------
2674	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
2675	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2676	SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local( k, nxlf, nxlc, nxl_on_file, nxrf, nxrc, nxr_on_file, nynf, nync, &
2677	nyn_on_file, nysf, nysc, nys_on_file, tmp_3d, found )
2678
2679	USE control_parameters, &
2680	ONLY: length, restart_string
2681
2682	IMPLICIT NONE
2683
2684	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2685	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2686	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2687	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
2688	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlc !<
2689	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlf !<
2690	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_on_file !<
2691	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrc !<
2692	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrf !<
2693	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_on_file !<
2694	INTEGER(iwp) :: nync !<
2695	INTEGER(iwp) :: nynf !<
2696	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_on_file !<
2697	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysc !<
2698	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysf !<
2699	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_on_file !<
2700
2701	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
2702
2703	REAL(wp), &
2704	DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp,nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_3d !<
2705
2706	found = .FALSE.
2707
2708	IF ( read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2709
2710	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
2711
2712	CASE ( 'aerosol_number' )
2713	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2714	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2715	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2716	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2717	found = .TRUE.
2718	ENDDO
2719
2720	CASE ( 'aerosol_mass' )
2721	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass * nbins_aerosol
2722	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2723	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2724	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2725	found = .TRUE.
2726	ENDDO
2727
2728	CASE ( 'salsa_gas' )
2729	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2730	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2731	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2732	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2733	found = .TRUE.
2734	ENDDO
2735
2736	CASE DEFAULT
2737	found = .FALSE.
2738
2739	END SELECT
2740	ENDIF
2741
2742	END SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local
2743
2744	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2745	! Description:
2746	! ------------
2747	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
2748	!> Note that the following input variables in PARIN have to be equal between
2749	!> restart runs:
2750	!> listspec, nbin, nbin2, nf2a, ncc, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
2751	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2752	SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2753
2754	USE control_parameters, &
2755	ONLY: write_binary
2756
2757	IMPLICIT NONE
2758
2759	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2760	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2761	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2762
2763	IF ( write_binary .AND. write_binary_salsa ) THEN
2764
2765	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_number' )
2766	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2767	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_number(ib)%conc
2768	ENDDO
2769
2770	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_mass' )
2771	DO ic = 1, nbins_aerosol * ncomponents_mass
2772	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
2773	ENDDO
2774
2775	CALL wrd_write_string( 'salsa_gas' )
2776	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2777	WRITE ( 14 ) salsa_gas(ig)%conc
2778	ENDDO
2779
2780	ENDIF
2781
2782	END SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2783
2784	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2785	! Description:
2786	! ------------
2787	!> Performs necessary unit and dimension conversion between the host model and
2788	!> SALSA module, and calls the main SALSA routine.
2789	!> Partially adobted form the original SALSA boxmodel version.
2790	!> Now takes masses in as kg/kg from LES!! Converted to m3/m3 for SALSA
2791	!> 05/2016 Juha: This routine is still pretty much in its original shape.
2792	!> It's dumb as a mule and twice as ugly, so implementation of
2793	!> an improved solution is necessary sooner or later.
2794	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
2795	!> Jaakko Ahola, FMI, 2016
2796	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
2797	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2798	SUBROUTINE salsa_driver( i, j, prunmode )
2799
2800	USE arrays_3d, &
2801	ONLY: pt_p, q_p, u, v, w
2802
2803	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
2804	ONLY: lad_s
2805
2806	USE surface_mod, &
2807	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2808
2809	IMPLICIT NONE
2810
2811	INTEGER(iwp) :: endi !< end index
2812	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2813	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2814	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index
2815	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_wall !< vertical index of topography top
2816	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2817	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index
2818	INTEGER(iwp) :: nc_h2o !< index of H2O in the prtcl index table
2819	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< loop index
2820	INTEGER(iwp) :: str !< start index
2821	INTEGER(iwp) :: vc !< default index in prtcl
2822
2823	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
2824	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
2825	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode !< 1: Initialization, 2: Spinup, 3: Regular runtime
2826
2827	REAL(wp) :: cw_old !< previous H2O mixing ratio
2828	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2829	REAL(wp) :: in_lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
2830	REAL(wp) :: in_rh !< relative humidity
2831	REAL(wp) :: zgso4 !< SO4
2832	REAL(wp) :: zghno3 !< HNO3
2833	REAL(wp) :: zgnh3 !< NH3
2834	REAL(wp) :: zgocnv !< non-volatile OC
2835	REAL(wp) :: zgocsv !< semi-volatile OC
2836
2837	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_adn !< air density (kg/m3)
2838	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cs !< H2O sat. vapour conc.
2839	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cw !< H2O vapour concentration
2840	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_p !< pressure (Pa)
2841	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_t !< temperature (K)
2842	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_u !< wind magnitude (m/s)
2843	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air(m2/s)
2844	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: ppm_to_nconc !< Conversion factor from ppm to #/m3
2845
2846	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
2847	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: vd !< particle fall seed (m/s)
2848
2849	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: lo_aero !< additional variable for OpenMP
2850	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: aero_old !< helper array
2851
2852	aero_old(:)%numc = 0.0_wp
2853	in_lad = 0.0_wp
2854	in_u = 0.0_wp
2855	kvis = 0.0_wp
2856	lo_aero = aero
2857	schmidt_num = 0.0_wp
2858	vd = 0.0_wp
2859	zgso4 = nclim
2860	zghno3 = nclim
2861	zgnh3 = nclim
2862	zgocnv = nclim
2863	zgocsv = nclim
2864	!
2865	!-- Aerosol number is always set, but mass can be uninitialized
2866	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2867	lo_aero(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2868	aero_old(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2869	ENDDO
2870	!
2871	!-- Set the salsa runtime config (How to make this more efficient?)
2872	CALL set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
2873	!
2874	!-- Calculate thermodynamic quantities needed in SALSA
2875	CALL salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij=in_p, temp_ij=in_t, cw_ij=in_cw, cs_ij=in_cs, adn_ij=in_adn )
2876	!
2877	!-- Magnitude of wind: needed for deposition
2878	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
2879	in_u(nzb+1:nzt) = SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i+1) ) )**2 + &
2880	( 0.5_wp * ( v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j+1,i) ) )**2 + &
2881	( 0.5_wp * ( w(nzb:nzt-1,j,i) + w(nzb+1:nzt,j, i) ) )**2 )
2882	ENDIF
2883	!
2884	!-- Calculate conversion factors for gas concentrations
2885	ppm_to_nconc(:) = for_ppm_to_nconc * in_p(:) / in_t(:)
2886	!
2887	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
2888	k_wall = k_topo_top(j,i)
2889
2890	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
2891	!
2892	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2893	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2894	!
2895	!-- Wind velocity for dry depositon on vegetation
2896	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy ) THEN
2897	in_lad = lad_s( MAX( k-k_wall,0 ),j,i)
2898	ENDIF
2899	!
2900	!-- For initialization and spinup, limit the RH with the parameter rhlim
2901	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
2902	in_cw(k) = MIN( in_cw(k), in_cs(k) * rhlim )
2903	ELSE
2904	in_cw(k) = in_cw(k)
2905	ENDIF
2906	cw_old = in_cw(k) !* in_adn(k)
2907	!
2908	!-- Set volume concentrations:
2909	!-- Sulphate (SO4) or sulphuric acid H2SO4
2910	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2911	vc = 1
2912	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 ! start index
2913	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol ! end index
2914	ic = 1
2915	DO ss = str, endi
2916	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2so4
2917	ic = ic+1
2918	ENDDO
2919	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2920	ENDIF
2921	!
2922	!-- Organic carbon (OC) compounds
2923	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2924	vc = 2
2925	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2926	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
2927	ic = 1
2928	DO ss = str, endi
2929	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhooc
2930	ic = ic+1
2931	ENDDO
2932	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2933	ENDIF
2934	!
2935	!-- Black carbon (BC)
2936	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2937	vc = 3
2938	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2939	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
2940	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2941	DO ss = str, endi
2942	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhobc
2943	ic = ic+1
2944	ENDDO
2945	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2946	ENDIF
2947	!
2948	!-- Dust (DU)
2949	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2950	vc = 4
2951	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2952	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
2953	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2954	DO ss = str, endi
2955	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhodu
2956	ic = ic+1
2957	ENDDO
2958	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2959	ENDIF
2960	!
2961	!-- Sea salt (SS)
2962	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2963	vc = 5
2964	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2965	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
2966	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2967	DO ss = str, endi
2968	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoss
2969	ic = ic+1
2970	ENDDO
2971	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2972	ENDIF
2973	!
2974	!-- Nitrate (NO(3-)) or nitric acid HNO3
2975	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2976	vc = 6
2977	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2978	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
2979	ic = 1
2980	DO ss = str, endi
2981	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhohno3
2982	ic = ic+1
2983	ENDDO
2984	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2985	ENDIF
2986	!
2987	!-- Ammonium (NH(4+)) or ammonia NH3
2988	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2989	vc = 7
2990	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2991	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
2992	ic = 1
2993	DO ss = str, endi
2994	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhonh3
2995	ic = ic+1
2996	ENDDO
2997	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2998	ENDIF
2999	!
3000	!-- Water (always used)
3001	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3002	vc = 8
3003	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3004	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3005	ic = 1
3006	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
3007	DO ss = str, endi
3008	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2o
3009	ic = ic+1
3010	ENDDO
3011	ELSE
3012	lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = mclim
3013	ENDIF
3014	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
3015	!
3016	!-- Number concentrations (numc) and particle sizes
3017	!-- (dwet = wet diameter, core = dry volume)
3018	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3019	lo_aero(ib)%numc = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i)
3020	aero_old(ib)%numc = lo_aero(ib)%numc
3021	IF ( lo_aero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3022	lo_aero(ib)%dwet = ( SUM( lo_aero(ib)%volc(:) ) / lo_aero(ib)%numc / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3023	lo_aero(ib)%core = SUM( lo_aero(ib)%volc(1:7) ) / lo_aero(ib)%numc
3024	ELSE
3025	lo_aero(ib)%dwet = lo_aero(ib)%dmid
3026	lo_aero(ib)%core = api6 * ( lo_aero(ib)%dwet )**3
3027	ENDIF
3028	ENDDO
3029	!
3030	!-- Calculate the ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of particles with
3031	!-- water using the ZSR method.
3032	in_rh = in_cw(k) / in_cs(k)
3033	IF ( prunmode==1 .OR. .NOT. advect_particle_water ) THEN
3034	CALL equilibration( in_rh, in_t(k), lo_aero, .TRUE. )
3035	ENDIF
3036	!
3037	!-- Gaseous tracer concentrations in #/m3
3038	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
3039	!
3040	!-- Convert concentrations in ppm to #/m3
3041	zgso4 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(1))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3042	zghno3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(2))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3043	zgnh3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(3))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3044	zgocnv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(4))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3045	zgocsv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(5))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
3046	ELSE
3047	zgso4 = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i)
3048	zghno3 = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i)
3049	zgnh3 = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i)
3050	zgocnv = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i)
3051	zgocsv = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i)
3052	ENDIF
3053	!
3054	!-- Calculate aerosol processes:
3055	!-- *********************************************************************************************
3056	!
3057	!-- Coagulation
3058	IF ( lscoag ) THEN
3059	CALL coagulation( lo_aero, dt_salsa, in_t(k), in_p(k) )
3060	ENDIF
3061	!
3062	!-- Condensation
3063	IF ( lscnd ) THEN
3064	CALL condensation( lo_aero, zgso4, zgocnv, zgocsv, zghno3, zgnh3, in_cw(k), in_cs(k), &
3065	in_t(k), in_p(k), dt_salsa, prtcl )
3066	ENDIF
3067	!
3068	!-- Deposition
3069	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
3070	CALL deposition( lo_aero, in_t(k), in_adn(k), in_u(k), in_lad, kvis(k), schmidt_num(k,:),&
3071	vd(k,:) )
3072	ENDIF
3073	!
3074	!-- Size distribution bin update
3075	IF ( lsdistupdate ) THEN
3076	CALL distr_update( lo_aero )
3077	ENDIF
3078	!-- *********************************************************************************************
3079
3080	IF ( lsdepo ) sedim_vd(k,j,i,:) = vd(k,:)
3081	!
3082	!-- Calculate changes in concentrations
3083	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3084	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ib)%numc - &
3085	aero_old(ib)%numc ) * flag
3086	ENDDO
3087
3088	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
3089	vc = 1
3090	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3091	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol
3092	ic = 1
3093	DO ss = str, endi
3094	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3095	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2so4 * flag
3096	ic = ic+1
3097	ENDDO
3098	ENDIF
3099
3100	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
3101	vc = 2
3102	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3103	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
3104	ic = 1
3105	DO ss = str, endi
3106	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3107	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhooc * flag
3108	ic = ic+1
3109	ENDDO
3110	ENDIF
3111
3112	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
3113	vc = 3
3114	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3115	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
3116	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3117	DO ss = str, endi
3118	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3119	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhobc * flag
3120	ic = ic+1
3121	ENDDO
3122	ENDIF
3123
3124	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
3125	vc = 4
3126	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3127	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
3128	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3129	DO ss = str, endi
3130	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3131	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhodu * flag
3132	ic = ic+1
3133	ENDDO
3134	ENDIF
3135
3136	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
3137	vc = 5
3138	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
3139	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
3140	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
3141	DO ss = str, endi
3142	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3143	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoss * flag
3144	ic = ic+1
3145	ENDDO
3146	ENDIF
3147
3148	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
3149	vc = 6
3150	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3151	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
3152	ic = 1
3153	DO ss = str, endi
3154	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3155	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhohno3 * flag
3156	ic = ic+1
3157	ENDDO
3158	ENDIF
3159
3160	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
3161	vc = 7
3162	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3163	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
3164	ic = 1
3165	DO ss = str, endi
3166	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3167	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhonh3 * flag
3168	ic = ic+1
3169	ENDDO
3170	ENDIF
3171
3172	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
3173	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3174	vc = 8
3175	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3176	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3177	ic = 1
3178	DO ss = str, endi
3179	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3180	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o * flag
3181	ic = ic+1
3182	ENDDO
3183	ENDIF
3184	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
3185	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3186	vc = 8
3187	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3188	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3189	ic = 1
3190	DO ss = str, endi
3191	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k) = MAX( aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k), ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
3192	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o )
3193	IF ( k == nzb+1 ) THEN
3194	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k-1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3195	ELSEIF ( k == nzt ) THEN
3196	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k+1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3197	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k+1,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3198	ENDIF
3199	ic = ic+1
3200	ENDDO
3201	ENDIF
3202	!
3203	!-- Condensation of precursor gases
3204	IF ( lscndgas ) THEN
3205	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
3206	!
3207	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
3208	ig = gas_index_chem(1)
3209	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 / &
3210	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3211	!
3212	!-- HNO3
3213	ig = gas_index_chem(2)
3214	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 / &
3215	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3216	!
3217	!-- NH3
3218	ig = gas_index_chem(3)
3219	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 / &
3220	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3221	!
3222	!-- non-volatile OC
3223	ig = gas_index_chem(4)
3224	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv / &
3225	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3226	!
3227	!-- semi-volatile OC
3228	ig = gas_index_chem(5)
3229	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv / &
3230	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3231
3232	ELSE
3233	!
3234	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
3235	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 - &
3236	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3237	!
3238	!-- HNO3
3239	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 - &
3240	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3241	!
3242	!-- NH3
3243	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 - &
3244	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3245	!
3246	!-- non-volatile OC
3247	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv - &
3248	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3249	!
3250	!-- semi-volatile OC
3251	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv - &
3252	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3253	ENDIF
3254	ENDIF
3255	!
3256	!-- Tendency of water vapour mixing ratio is obtained from the change in RH during SALSA run.
3257	!-- This releases heat and changes pt. Assumes no temperature change during SALSA run.
3258	!-- q = r / (1+r), Euler method for integration
3259	!
3260	IF ( feedback_to_palm ) THEN
3261	q_p(k,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i) + 1.0_wp / ( in_cw(k) * in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 &
3262	( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) * flag
3263	pt_p(k,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i) + alv / c_p * ( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) / ( in_cw(k) / &
3264	in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 pt_p(k,j,i) / in_t(k) * flag
3265	ENDIF
3266
3267	ENDDO ! k
3268
3269	!
3270	!-- Set surfaces and wall fluxes due to deposition
3271	IF ( lsdepo .AND. lsdepo_surf .AND. prunmode == 3 ) THEN
3272	IF ( .NOT. land_surface .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN
3273	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_h(0), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
3274	DO l = 0, 3
3275	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE. )
3276	ENDDO
3277	ELSE
3278	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE., usm_to_depo_h )
3279	DO l = 0, 3
3280	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., &
3281	usm_to_depo_v(l) )
3282	ENDDO
3283	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE., lsm_to_depo_h )
3284	DO l = 0, 3
3285	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., &
3286	lsm_to_depo_v(l) )
3287	ENDDO
3288	ENDIF
3289	ENDIF
3290
3291	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
3292	!$OMP MASTER
3293	aero = lo_aero
3294	!$OMP END MASTER
3295	END IF
3296
3297	END SUBROUTINE salsa_driver
3298
3299	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3300	! Description:
3301	! ------------
3302	!> Set logical switches according to the salsa_parameters options.
3303	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
3304	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
3305	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3306	SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
3307
3308	IMPLICIT NONE
3309
3310	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode
3311
3312	SELECT CASE(prunmode)
3313
3314	CASE(1) !< Initialization
3315	lscoag = .FALSE.
3316	lscnd = .FALSE.
3317	lscndgas = .FALSE.
3318	lscndh2oae = .FALSE.
3319	lsdepo = .FALSE.
3320	lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE.
3321	lsdepo_surf = .FALSE.
3322	lsdistupdate = .TRUE.
3323	lspartition = .FALSE.
3324
3325	CASE(2) !< Spinup period
3326	lscoag = ( .FALSE. .AND. nlcoag )
3327	lscnd = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcnd )
3328	lscndgas = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndgas )
3329	lscndh2oae = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndh2oae )
3330
3331	CASE(3) !< Run
3332	lscoag = nlcoag
3333	lscnd = nlcnd
3334	lscndgas = nlcndgas
3335	lscndh2oae = nlcndh2oae
3336	lsdepo = nldepo
3337	lsdepo_pcm = nldepo_pcm
3338	lsdepo_surf = nldepo_surf
3339	lsdistupdate = nldistupdate
3340	END SELECT
3341
3342
3343	END SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime
3344
3345	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3346	! Description:
3347	! ------------
3348	!> Calculates the absolute temperature (using hydrostatic pressure), saturation
3349	!> vapour pressure and mixing ratio over water, relative humidity and air
3350	!> density needed in the SALSA model.
3351	!> NOTE, no saturation adjustment takes place -> the resulting water vapour
3352	!> mixing ratio can be supersaturated, allowing the microphysical calculations
3353	!> in SALSA.
3354	!
3355	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014 (original SALSAthrm)
3356	!> Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017 (adjustment for PALM and only aerosol processes)
3357	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3358	SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij, temp_ij, cw_ij, cs_ij, adn_ij )
3359
3360	USE arrays_3d, &
3361	ONLY: pt, q, zu
3362
3363	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
3364	ONLY: barometric_formula, exner_function, ideal_gas_law_rho, magnus
3365
3366	IMPLICIT NONE
3367
3368	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !<
3369	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !<
3370
3371	REAL(wp) :: t_surface !< absolute surface temperature (K)
3372
3373	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: e_s !< saturation vapour pressure over water (Pa)
3374
3375	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: adn_ij !< air density (kg/m3)
3376	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: p_ij !< air pressure (Pa)
3377	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: temp_ij !< air temperature (K)
3378
3379	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cw_ij !< water vapour concentration (kg/m3)
3380	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cs_ij !< saturation water vap. conc.(kg/m3)
3381	!
3382	!-- Pressure p_ijk (Pa) = hydrostatic pressure
3383	t_surface = pt_surface * exner_function( surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3384	p_ij(:) = barometric_formula( zu, t_surface, surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3385	!
3386	!-- Absolute ambient temperature (K)
3387	temp_ij(:) = pt(:,j,i) * exner_function( p_ij(:) )
3388	!
3389	!-- Air density
3390	adn_ij(:) = ideal_gas_law_rho( p_ij(:), temp_ij(:) )
3391	!
3392	!-- Water vapour concentration r_v (kg/m3)
3393	IF ( PRESENT( cw_ij ) ) THEN
3394	cw_ij(:) = ( q(:,j,i) / ( 1.0_wp - q(:,j,i) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3395	ENDIF
3396	!
3397	!-- Saturation mixing ratio r_s (kg/kg) from vapour pressure at temp (Pa)
3398	IF ( PRESENT( cs_ij ) ) THEN
3399	e_s(:) = 611.0_wp * EXP( alv_d_rv * ( 3.6609E-3_wp - 1.0_wp / &
3400	temp_ij(:) ) )! magnus( temp_ij(:) )
3401	cs_ij(:) = ( 0.622_wp * e_s / ( p_ij(:) - e_s(:) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3402	ENDIF
3403
3404	END SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij
3405
3406	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3407	! Description:
3408	! ------------
3409	!> Calculates ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of
3410	!> particles with water using the ZSR method (Stokes and Robinson, 1966).
3411	!> Method:
3412	!> Following chemical components are assumed water-soluble
3413	!> - (ammonium) sulphate (100%)
3414	!> - sea salt (100 %)
3415	!> - organic carbon (epsoc * 100%)
3416	!> Exact thermodynamic considerations neglected.
3417	!> - If particles contain no sea salt, calculation according to sulphate
3418	!> properties
3419	!> - If contain sea salt but no sulphate, calculation according to sea salt
3420	!> properties
3421	!> - If contain both sulphate and sea salt -> the molar fraction of these
3422	!> compounds determines which one of them is used as the basis of calculation.
3423	!> If sulphate and sea salt coexist in a particle, it is assumed that the Cl is
3424	!> replaced by sulphate; thus only either sulphate + organics or sea salt +
3425	!> organics is included in the calculation of soluble fraction.
3426	!> Molality parameterizations taken from Table 1 of Tang: Thermodynamic and
3427	!> optical properties of mixed-salt aerosols of atmospheric importance,
3428	!> J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D2), 1883-1893 (1997)
3429	!
3430	!> Coded by:
3431	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
3432	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
3433	!> Matti Niskanen(FMI) 2012
3434	!> Anton Laakso (FMI) 2013
3435	!> Modified for the new aerosol datatype, Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
3436	!
3437	!> fxm: should sea salt form a solid particle when prh is very low (even though
3438	!> it could be mixed with e.g. sulphate)?
3439	!> fxm: crashes if no sulphate or sea salt
3440	!> fxm: do we really need to consider Kelvin effect for subrange 2
3441	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3442	SUBROUTINE equilibration( prh, ptemp, paero, init )
3443
3444	IMPLICIT NONE
3445
3446	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3447	INTEGER(iwp) :: counti !< loop index
3448
3449	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: init !< TRUE: Initialization, FALSE: Normal runtime: update water
3450	!< content only for 1a
3451
3452	REAL(wp) :: zaw !< water activity [0-1]
3453	REAL(wp) :: zcore !< Volume of dry particle
3454	REAL(wp) :: zdold !< Old diameter
3455	REAL(wp) :: zdwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter
3456	REAL(wp) :: zke !< Kelvin term in the KÃ¶hler equation
3457	REAL(wp) :: zlwc !< liquid water content [kg/m3-air]
3458	REAL(wp) :: zrh !< Relative humidity
3459
3460	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zbinmol !< binary molality of each components (mol/kg)
3461	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zvpart !< volume of chem. compounds in one particle
3462
3463	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prh !< relative humidity [0-1]
3464	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptemp !< temperature (K)
3465
3466	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3467
3468	zaw = 0.0_wp
3469	zlwc = 0.0_wp
3470	!
3471	!-- Relative humidity:
3472	zrh = prh
3473	zrh = MAX( zrh, 0.05_wp )
3474	zrh = MIN( zrh, 0.98_wp)
3475	!
3476	!-- 1) Regime 1: sulphate and partly water-soluble OC. Done for every CALL
3477	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a ! size bin
3478
3479	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3480	zdold = 1.0_wp
3481	zke = 1.02_wp
3482
3483	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3484	!
3485	!-- Volume in one particle
3486	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3487	zvpart(1:2) = paero(ib)%volc(1:2) / paero(ib)%numc
3488	zvpart(6:7) = paero(ib)%volc(6:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3489	!
3490	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle
3491	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:2) )
3492	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3493
3494	counti = 0
3495	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-2_wp )
3496
3497	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3498	zaw = MAX( 1.0E-3_wp, zrh / zke ) ! To avoid underflow
3499	!
3500	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3501	!-- Sulphate
3502	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3503	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3504	!-- Organic carbon
3505	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3506	!-- Nitric acid
3507	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - 6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw**2 &
3508	+ 5.510176187E+2_wp * zaw*3 - 1.460055286E+3_wp zaw**4 &
3509	+ 1.894467542E+3_wp * zaw*5 - 1.220611402E+3_wp zaw**6 &
3510	+ 3.098597737E+2_wp * zaw**7
3511	!
3512	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air) using ZSR (see e.g. Eq. 10.98 in
3513	!-- Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3514	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3515	epsoc * paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3516	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3/amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6)
3517	!
3518	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3519	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3520	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3521	!
3522	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006)). Avoid
3523	!-- overflow.
3524	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * ptemp * zdwet ) ) )
3525
3526	counti = counti + 1
3527	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3528	message_string = 'Subrange 1: no convergence!'
3529	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0617', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3530	ENDIF
3531	ENDDO
3532	!
3533	!-- Instead of lwc, use the volume concentration of water from now on
3534	!-- (easy to convert...)
3535	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3536	!
3537	!-- If this is initialization, update the core and wet diameter
3538	IF ( init ) THEN
3539	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3540	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3541	ENDIF
3542
3543	ELSE
3544	!-- If initialization
3545	!-- 1.2) empty bins given bin average values
3546	IF ( init ) THEN
3547	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3548	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3549	ENDIF
3550
3551	ENDIF
3552
3553	ENDDO ! ib
3554	!
3555	!-- 2) Regime 2a: sulphate, OC, BC and sea salt
3556	!-- This is done only for initialization call, otherwise the water contents
3557	!-- are computed via condensation
3558	IF ( init ) THEN
3559	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2b
3560	!
3561	!-- Initialize
3562	zke = 1.02_wp
3563	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3564	zdold = 1.0_wp
3565	!
3566	!-- 1) Particle properties calculated for non-empty bins
3567	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3568	!
3569	!-- Volume in one particle [fxm]
3570	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3571	zvpart(1:7) = paero(ib)%volc(1:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3572	!
3573	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle [fxm]
3574	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:5) )
3575	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3576
3577	counti = 0
3578	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-12_wp )
3579
3580	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3581	zaw = zrh / zke
3582	!
3583	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3584	!-- Sulphate
3585	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3586	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3587	!-- Organic carbon
3588	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3589	!-- Nitric acid
3590	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - &
3591	6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw*2 + 5.510176187E+2_wp zaw**3 - &
3592	1.460055286E+3_wp * zaw*4 + 1.894467542E+3_wp zaw**5 - &
3593	1.220611402E+3_wp * zaw*6 + 3.098597737E+2_wp zaw**7
3594	!-- Sea salt (natrium chloride)
3595	zbinmol(5) = 5.875248E+1_wp - 1.8781997E+2_wp * zaw + 2.7211377E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3596	1.8458287E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 4.153689E+1_wp zaw**4
3597	!
3598	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air)
3599	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3600	epsoc * ( paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3601	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3 / amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6) + &
3602	( paero(ib)%volc(5) * ( arhoss / amss ) ) / zbinmol(5)
3603
3604	!-- Particle wet radius (m)
3605	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3606	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3607	!
3608	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3609	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * zdwet * ptemp ) ) )
3610
3611	counti = counti + 1
3612	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3613	message_string = 'Subrange 2: no convergence!'
3614	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0618', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3615	ENDIF
3616	ENDDO
3617	!
3618	!-- Liquid water content; instead of LWC use the volume concentration
3619	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3620	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3621	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3622
3623	ELSE
3624	!-- 2.2) empty bins given bin average values
3625	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3626	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3627	ENDIF
3628
3629	ENDDO ! ib
3630	ENDIF
3631
3632	END SUBROUTINE equilibration
3633
3634	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3635	!> Description:
3636	!> ------------
3637	!> Calculation of the settling velocity vc (m/s) per aerosol size bin and
3638	!> deposition on plant canopy (lsdepo_pcm).
3639	!
3640	!> Deposition is based on either the scheme presented in:
3641	!> Zhang et al. (2001), Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560 (includes collection due to
3642	!> Brownian diffusion, impaction, interception and sedimentation; hereafter ZO1)
3643	!> OR
3644	!> Petroff & Zhang (2010), Geosci. Model Dev. 3, 753-769 (includes also
3645	!> collection due to turbulent impaction, hereafter P10)
3646	!
3647	!> Equation numbers refer to equation in Jacobson (2005): Fundamentals of
3648	!> Atmospheric Modeling, 2nd Edition.
3649	!
3650	!> Subroutine follows closely sedim_SALSA in UCLALES-SALSA written by Juha
3651	!> Tonttila (KIT/FMI) and Zubair Maalick (UEF).
3652	!> Rewritten to PALM by Mona Kurppa (UH), 2017.
3653	!
3654	!> Call for grid point i,j,k
3655	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3656
3657	SUBROUTINE deposition( paero, tk, adn, mag_u, lad, kvis, schmidt_num, vc )
3658
3659	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
3660	ONLY: cdc
3661
3662	IMPLICIT NONE
3663
3664	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3665	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3666
3667	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3668	REAL(wp) :: avis !< molecular viscocity of air (kg/(m*s))
3669	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3670	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3671	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3672	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3673	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3674	REAL(wp) :: depo !< deposition velocity (m/s)
3675	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3676	REAL(wp) :: lambda !< molecular mean free path (m)
3677	REAL(wp) :: mdiff !< particle diffusivity coefficient
3678	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3679	!< Table 3 in Z01
3680	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3681	REAL(wp) :: pdn !< particle density (kg/m3)
3682	REAL(wp) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3683	REAL(wp) :: va !< thermal speed of an air molecule (m/s)
3684
3685	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: adn !< air density (kg/m3)
3686	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3687	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3688	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: tk !< abs.temperature (K)
3689
3690	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3691
3692	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: beta !< Cunningham slip-flow correction factor
3693	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: Kn !< Knudsen number
3694	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: zdwet !< wet diameter (m)
3695
3696	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3697	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: vc !< critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity of
3698	!< an aerosol particle (m/s)
3699
3700	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3701	!
3702	!-- Initialise
3703	depo = 0.0_wp
3704	pdn = 1500.0_wp ! default value
3705	ustar = 0.0_wp
3706	!
3707	!-- Molecular viscosity of air (Eq. 4.54)
3708	avis = 1.8325E-5_wp * ( 416.16_wp / ( tk + 120.0_wp ) ) * ( tk / 296.16_wp )**1.5_wp
3709	!
3710	!-- Kinematic viscosity (Eq. 4.55)
3711	kvis = avis / adn
3712	!
3713	!-- Thermal velocity of an air molecule (Eq. 15.32)
3714	va = SQRT( 8.0_wp * abo * tk / ( pi * am_airmol ) )
3715	!
3716	!-- Mean free path (m) (Eq. 15.24)
3717	lambda = 2.0_wp * avis / ( adn * va )
3718	!
3719	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3720	zdwet = paero(:)%dwet
3721	!
3722	!-- Knudsen number (Eq. 15.23)
3723	Kn = MAX( 1.0E-2_wp, lambda / ( zdwet * 0.5_wp ) ) ! To avoid underflow
3724	!
3725	!-- Cunningham slip-flow correction (Eq. 15.30)
3726	beta = 1.0_wp + Kn * ( 1.249_wp + 0.42_wp * EXP( -0.87_wp / Kn ) )
3727	!
3728	!-- Critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity (Eq. 20.4)
3729	vc = MIN( 1.0_wp, zdwet*2 ( pdn - adn ) * g * beta / ( 18.0_wp * avis ) )
3730	!
3731	!-- Deposition on vegetation
3732	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy .AND. lad > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3733	!
3734	!-- Parameters for the land use category 'deciduous broadleaf trees'(Table 3)
3735	alpha = alpha_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3736	gamma = gamma_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3737	par_a = A_z01(depo_pcm_type_num, season) * 1.0E-3_wp
3738	!
3739	!-- Deposition efficiencies from Table 1. Constants from Table 2.
3740	par_l = l_p10(depo_pcm_type_num) * 0.01_wp
3741	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3742	c_interception = c_in_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3743	c_impaction = c_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3744	beta_im = beta_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3745	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3746
3747	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3748
3749	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < ( 2.0_wp * nclim ) ) CYCLE
3750
3751	!-- Particle diffusivity coefficient (Eq. 15.29)
3752	mdiff = ( abo * tk * beta(ib) ) / ( 3.0_wp * pi * avis * zdwet(ib) )
3753	!
3754	!-- Particle Schmidt number (Eq. 15.36)
3755	schmidt_num(ib) = kvis / mdiff
3756	!
3757	!-- Friction velocity for deposition on vegetation. Calculated following Prandtl (1925):
3758	ustar = SQRT( cdc ) * mag_u
3759	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_par_num )
3760
3761	CASE ( 1 ) ! Zhang et al. (2001)
3762	CALL depo_vel_Z01( vc(ib), ustar, schmidt_num(ib), paero(ib)%dwet, alpha, gamma, &
3763	par_a, depo )
3764	CASE ( 2 ) ! Petroff & Zhang (2010)
3765	CALL depo_vel_P10( vc(ib), mag_u, ustar, kvis, schmidt_num(ib), paero(ib)%dwet, &
3766	par_l, c_brownian_diff, c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, &
3767	c_turb_impaction, depo )
3768	END SELECT
3769	!
3770	!-- Calculate the change in concentrations
3771	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc - depo * lad * paero(ib)%numc * dt_salsa
3772	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1
3773	paero(ib)%volc(ic) = paero(ib)%volc(ic) - depo * lad * paero(ib)%volc(ic) * dt_salsa
3774	ENDDO
3775	ENDDO
3776
3777	ENDIF
3778
3779	END SUBROUTINE deposition
3780
3781	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3782	! Description:
3783	! ------------
3784	!> Calculate deposition velocity (m/s) based on Zhan et al. (2001, case 1).
3785	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3786
3787	SUBROUTINE depo_vel_Z01( vc, ustar, schmidt_num, diameter, alpha, gamma, par_a, depo )
3788
3789	IMPLICIT NONE
3790
3791	REAL(wp) :: rs !< overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3792	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3793
3794	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3795	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3796	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic diameter of
3797	!< collectors, Table 3 in Z01
3798	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diameter !< particle diameter
3799	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3800	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3801	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3802
3803	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: depo !< deposition efficiency (m/s)
3804
3805	IF ( par_a > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3806	!
3807	!-- Initialise
3808	rs = 0.0_wp
3809	!
3810	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3811	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_a )
3812	!
3813	!-- The overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles (Zhang et al., Eq. 5)
3814	rs = MAX( EPSILON( 1.0_wp ), ( 3.0_wp * ustar * EXP( -stokes_num*0.5_wp ) &
3815	( schmidt_num( -gamma ) + ( stokes_num / ( alpha + stokes_num ) )2 + &
3816	0.5_wp * ( diameter / par_a )**2 ) ) )
3817
3818	depo = rs + vc
3819
3820	ELSE
3821	depo = 0.0_wp
3822	ENDIF
3823
3824	END SUBROUTINE depo_vel_Z01
3825
3826	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3827	! Description:
3828	! ------------
3829	!> Calculate deposition velocity (m/s) based on Petroff & Zhang (2010, case 2).
3830	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3831
3832	SUBROUTINE depo_vel_P10( vc, mag_u, ustar, kvis_a, schmidt_num, diameter, par_l, c_brownian_diff, &
3833	c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, c_turb_impaction, depo )
3834
3835	IMPLICIT NONE
3836
3837	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3838	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3839	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3840	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3841	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3842	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3843
3844	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3845	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3846	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3847	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3848	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3849	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: kvis_a !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3850	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3851	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3852	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diameter !< particle diameter
3853	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3854	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3855	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3856
3857	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: depo !< deposition efficiency (m/s)
3858
3859	IF ( par_l > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3860	!
3861	!-- Initialise
3862	tau_plus = 0.0_wp
3863	v_bd = 0.0_wp
3864	v_im = 0.0_wp
3865	v_in = 0.0_wp
3866	v_it = 0.0_wp
3867	!
3868	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3869	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_l )
3870	!
3871	!-- Non-dimensional relexation time of the particle on top of canopy
3872	tau_plus = vc * ustar*2 / ( kvis_a g )
3873	!
3874	!-- Brownian diffusion
3875	v_bd = mag_u * c_brownian_diff * schmidt_num*( -0.66666666_wp ) &
3876	( mag_u * par_l / kvis_a )**( -0.5_wp )
3877	!
3878	!-- Interception
3879	v_in = mag_u * c_interception * diameter / par_l * &
3880	( 2.0_wp + LOG( 2.0_wp * par_l / diameter ) )
3881	!
3882	!-- Impaction: Petroff (2009) Eq. 18
3883	v_im = mag_u * c_impaction * ( stokes_num / ( stokes_num + beta_im ) )**2
3884	!
3885	!-- Turbulent impaction
3886	IF ( tau_plus < 20.0_wp ) THEN
3887	v_it = 2.5E-3_wp * c_turb_impaction * tau_plus**2
3888	ELSE
3889	v_it = c_turb_impaction
3890	ENDIF
3891
3892	depo = ( v_bd + v_in + v_im + v_it + vc )
3893
3894	ELSE
3895	depo = 0.0_wp
3896	ENDIF
3897
3898	END SUBROUTINE depo_vel_P10
3899
3900	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3901	! Description:
3902	! ------------
3903	!> Calculate the dry deposition on horizontal and vertical surfaces. Implement
3904	!> as a surface flux.
3905	!> @todo aerodynamic resistance ignored for now (not important for
3906	! high-resolution simulations)
3907	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3908	SUBROUTINE depo_surf( i, j, surf, vc, schmidt_num, kvis, mag_u, norm, match_array )
3909
3910	USE arrays_3d, &
3911	ONLY: rho_air_zw
3912
3913	USE surface_mod, &
3914	ONLY: ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_type
3915
3916	IMPLICIT NONE
3917
3918	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3919	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3920	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !< additional loop index
3921	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
3922	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< loop index
3923	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_e !< End index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3924	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_s !< Start index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3925
3926	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
3927	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
3928
3929	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: norm !< to normalise or not
3930
3931	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3932	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3933	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3934	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3935	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3936	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3937	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3938	REAL(wp) :: norm_fac !< normalisation factor (usually air density)
3939	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3940	!< Table 3 in Z01
3941	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3942	REAL(wp) :: rs !< the overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3943	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3944	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3945	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3946	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3947	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3948
3949	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: depo !< deposition efficiency
3950	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: depo_sum !< sum of deposition efficiencies
3951
3952	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3953	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3954
3955	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3956	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3957
3958	TYPE(match_surface), INTENT(in), OPTIONAL :: match_array !< match the deposition module and
3959	!< LSM/USM surfaces
3960	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(