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1	!> @file salsa_mod.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM-4U.
4	!
5	! PALM-4U is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM-4U is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2018-2019 University of Helsinki
18	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
19	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
20	!
21	! Current revisions:
22	! -----------------
23	!
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: salsa_mod.f90 4110 2019-07-22 17:05:21Z suehring $
28	! Pass integer flag array as well as boundary flags to WS scalar advection
29	! routine
30	!
31	! 4109 2019-07-22 17:00:34Z suehring
32	! Slightly revise setting of boundary conditions at horizontal walls, use
33	! data-structure offset index instead of pre-calculate it for each facing
34	!
35	! 4079 2019-07-09 18:04:41Z suehring
36	! Application of monotonic flux limiter for the vertical scalar advection
37	! up to the topography top (only for the cache-optimized version at the
38	! moment).
39	!
40	! 4069 2019-07-01 14:05:51Z Giersch
41	! Masked output running index mid has been introduced as a local variable to
42	! avoid runtime error (Loop variable has been modified) in time_integration
43	!
44	! 4058 2019-06-27 15:25:42Z knoop
45	! Bugfix: to_be_resorted was uninitialized in case of s_H2O in 3d_data_averaging
46	!
47	! 4012 2019-05-31 15:19:05Z monakurppa
48	! Merge salsa branch to trunk. List of changes:
49	! - Error corrected in distr_update that resulted in the aerosol number size
50	! distribution not converging if the concentration was nclim.
51	! - Added a separate output for aerosol liquid water (s_H2O)
52	! - aerosol processes for a size bin are now calculated only if the aerosol
53	! number of concentration of that bin is > 2*nclim
54	! - An initialisation error in the subroutine "deposition" corrected and the
55	! subroutine reformatted.
56	! - stuff from salsa_util_mod.f90 moved into salsa_mod.f90
57	! - calls for closing the netcdf input files added
58	!
59	! 3956 2019-05-07 12:32:52Z monakurppa
60	! - Conceptual bug in depo_surf correct for urban and land surface model
61	! - Subroutine salsa_tendency_ij optimized.
62	! - Interfaces salsa_non_advective_processes and salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
63	! created. These are now called in module_interface.
64	! salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds after calling salsa_driver only when needed
65	! (i.e. every dt_salsa).
66	!
67	! 3924 2019-04-23 09:33:06Z monakurppa
68	! Correct a bug introduced by the previous update.
69	!
70	! 3899 2019-04-16 14:05:27Z monakurppa
71	! - remove unnecessary error / location messages
72	! - corrected some error message numbers
73	! - allocate source arrays only if emissions or dry deposition is applied.
74	!
75	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
76	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
77	! of additional debug messages
78	!
79	! 3876 2019-04-08 18:41:49Z knoop
80	! Introduced salsa_actions module interface
81	!
82	! 3871 2019-04-08 14:38:39Z knoop
83	! Major changes in formatting, performance and data input structure (see branch
84	! the history for details)
85	! - Time-dependent emissions enabled: lod=1 for yearly PM emissions that are
86	! normalised depending on the time, and lod=2 for preprocessed emissions
87	! (similar to the chemistry module).
88	! - Additionally, 'uniform' emissions allowed. This emission is set constant on
89	! all horisontal upward facing surfaces and it is created based on parameters
90	! surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg/sigmag/mass_fracs_a/mass_fracs_b.
91	! - All emissions are now implemented as surface fluxes! No 3D sources anymore.
92	! - Update the emission information by calling salsa_emission_update if
93	! skip_time_do_salsa >= time_since_reference_point and
94	! next_aero_emission_update <= time_since_reference_point
95	! - Aerosol background concentrations read from PIDS_DYNAMIC. The vertical grid
96	! must match the one applied in the model.
97	! - Gas emissions and background concentrations can be also read in in salsa_mod
98	! if the chemistry module is not applied.
99	! - In deposition, information on the land use type can be now imported from
100	! the land use model
101	! - Use SI units in PARIN, i.e. n_lognorm given in #/m3 and dpg in metres.
102	! - Apply 100 character line limit
103	! - Change all variable names from capital to lowercase letter
104	! - Change real exponents to integer if possible. If not, precalculate the value
105	! value of exponent
106	! - Rename in1a to start_subrange_1a, fn2a to end_subrange_1a etc.
107	! - Rename nbins --> nbins_aerosol, ncc_tot --> ncomponents_mass and ngast -->
108	! ngases_salsa
109	! - Rename ibc to index_bc, idu to index_du etc.
110	! - Renamed loop indices b, c and sg to ib, ic and ig
111	! - run_salsa subroutine removed
112	! - Corrected a bud in salsa_driver: falsely applied ino instead of inh
113	! - Call salsa_tendency within salsa_prognostic_equations which is called in
114	! module_interface_mod instead of prognostic_equations_mod
115	! - Removed tailing white spaces and unused variables
116	! - Change error message to start by PA instead of SA
117	!
118	! 3833 2019-03-28 15:04:04Z forkel
119	! added USE chem_gasphase_mod for nvar, nspec and spc_names
120	!
121	! 3787 2019-03-07 08:43:54Z raasch
122	! unused variables removed
123	!
124	! 3780 2019-03-05 11:19:45Z forkel
125	! unused variable for file index removed from rrd-subroutines parameter list
126	!
127	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
128	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
129	!
130	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
131	! Implementation of the PALM module interface
132	!
133	! 3636 2018-12-19 13:48:34Z raasch
134	! nopointer option removed
135	!
136	! 3630 2018-12-17 11:04:17Z knoop
137	! - Moved the control parameter "salsa" from salsa_mod.f90 to control_parameters
138	! - Updated salsa_rrd_local and salsa_wrd_local
139	! - Add target attribute
140	! - Revise initialization in case of restarts
141	! - Revise masked data output
142	!
143	! 3582 2018-11-29 19:16:36Z suehring
144	! missing comma separator inserted
145	!
146	! 3483 2018-11-02 14:19:26Z raasch
147	! bugfix: directives added to allow compilation without netCDF
148	!
149	! 3481 2018-11-02 09:14:13Z raasch
150	! temporary variable cc introduced to circumvent a possible Intel18 compiler bug
151	! related to contiguous/non-contguous pointer/target attributes
152	!
153	! 3473 2018-10-30 20:50:15Z suehring
154	! NetCDF input routine renamed
155	!
156	! 3467 2018-10-30 19:05:21Z suehring
157	! Initial revision
158	!
159	! 3412 2018-10-24 07:25:57Z monakurppa
160	!
161	! Authors:
162	! --------
163	! @author Mona Kurppa (University of Helsinki)
164	!
165	!
166	! Description:
167	! ------------
168	!> Sectional aerosol module for large scale applications SALSA
169	!> (Kokkola et al., 2008, ACP 8, 2469-2483). Solves the aerosol number and mass
170	!> concentration as well as chemical composition. Includes aerosol dynamic
171	!> processes: nucleation, condensation/evaporation of vapours, coagulation and
172	!> deposition on tree leaves, ground and roofs.
173	!> Implementation is based on formulations implemented in UCLALES-SALSA except
174	!> for deposition which is based on parametrisations by Zhang et al. (2001,
175	!> Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560) or Petroff&Zhang (2010, Geosci. Model Dev. 3,
176	!> 753-769)
177	!>
178	!> @todo Apply information from emission_stack_height to lift emission sources
179	!> @todo emission mode "parameterized", i.e. based on street type
180	!> @todo Allow insoluble emissions
181	!> @todo Apply flux limiter in prognostic equations
182	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
183	MODULE salsa_mod
184
185	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
186	ONLY: c_p, g, p_0, pi, r_d
187
188	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
189	ONLY: nspec, nvar, spc_names
190
191	USE chem_modules, &
192	ONLY: call_chem_at_all_substeps, chem_gasphase_on, chem_species
193
194	USE control_parameters
195
196	USE indices, &
197	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb, nz, nzt, wall_flags_0
198
199	USE kinds
200
201	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
202	ONLY: chem_emis_att_type, chem_emis_val_type
203
204	USE pegrid
205
206	USE statistics, &
207	ONLY: sums_salsa_ws_l
208
209	IMPLICIT NONE
210	!
211	!-- SALSA constants:
212	!
213	!-- Local constants:
214	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: luc_urban = 15 !< default landuse type for urban
215	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: ngases_salsa = 5 !< total number of gaseous tracers:
216	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV
217	!< (non-volatile OC), 5 = OCSV (semi-volatile)
218	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nmod = 7 !< number of modes for initialising the aerosol size
219	!< distribution
220	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nreg = 2 !< Number of main size subranges
221	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: maxspec = 7 !< Max. number of aerosol species
222	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: season = 1 !< For dry depostion by Zhang et al.: 1 = summer,
223	!< 2 = autumn (no harvest yet), 3 = late autumn
224	!< (already frost), 4 = winter, 5 = transitional spring
225	!
226	!-- Universal constants
227	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: abo = 1.380662E-23_wp !< Boltzmann constant (J/K)
228	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv = 2.260E+6_wp !< latent heat for H2O
229	!< vaporisation (J/kg)
230	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv_d_rv = 4896.96865_wp !< alv / rv
231	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: am_airmol = 4.8096E-26_wp !< Average mass of one air
232	!< molecule (Jacobson,
233	!< 2005, Eq. 2.3)
234	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: api6 = 0.5235988_wp !< pi / 6
235	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas = 8.314409_wp !< Gas constant (J/(mol K))
236	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas_d_cpd = 8.281283865E-3_wp !< argas per cpd
237	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: avo = 6.02214E+23_wp !< Avogadro constant (1/mol)
238	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: d_sa = 5.539376964394570E-10_wp !< diameter of condensing sulphuric
239	!< acid molecule (m)
240	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: for_ppm_to_nconc = 7.243016311E+16_wp !< ppm * avo / R (K/(Pa*m3))
241	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: epsoc = 0.15_wp !< water uptake of organic
242	!< material
243	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: mclim = 1.0E-23_wp !< mass concentration min limit (kg/m3)
244	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: n3 = 158.79_wp !< Number of H2SO4 molecules in 3 nm cluster
245	!< if d_sa=5.54e-10m
246	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: nclim = 1.0_wp !< number concentration min limit (#/m3)
247	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: surfw0 = 0.073_wp !< surface tension of water at 293 K (J/m2)
248	!
249	!-- Molar masses in kg/mol
250	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: ambc = 12.0E-3_wp !< black carbon (BC)
251	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdair = 28.970E-3_wp !< dry air
252	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdu = 100.E-3_wp !< mineral dust
253	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2o = 18.0154E-3_wp !< H2O
254	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2so4 = 98.06E-3_wp !< H2SO4
255	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amhno3 = 63.01E-3_wp !< HNO3
256	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amn2o = 44.013E-3_wp !< N2O
257	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amnh3 = 17.031E-3_wp !< NH3
258	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo2 = 31.9988E-3_wp !< O2
259	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo3 = 47.998E-3_wp !< O3
260	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amoc = 150.E-3_wp !< organic carbon (OC)
261	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amss = 58.44E-3_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
262	!
263	!-- Densities in kg/m3
264	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhobc = 2000.0_wp !< black carbon
265	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhodu = 2650.0_wp !< mineral dust
266	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2o = 1000.0_wp !< H2O
267	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2so4 = 1830.0_wp !< SO4
268	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhohno3 = 1479.0_wp !< HNO3
269	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhonh3 = 1530.0_wp !< NH3
270	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhooc = 2000.0_wp !< organic carbon
271	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoss = 2165.0_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
272	!
273	!-- Volume of molecule in m3/#
274	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2o = amh2o /avo / arhoh2o !< H2O
275	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2so4 = amh2so4 / avo / arhoh2so4 !< SO4
276	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvhno3 = amhno3 / avo / arhohno3 !< HNO3
277	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvnh3 = amnh3 / avo / arhonh3 !< NH3
278	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvoc = amoc / avo / arhooc !< OC
279	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvss = amss / avo / arhoss !< sea salt
280	!
281	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Petroff and Zhang (2010):
282	!-- obstacle characteristic dimension "L" (cm) (plane obstacle by default) and empirical constants
283	!-- C_B, C_IN, C_IM, beta_IM and C_IT for each land use category (15, as in Zhang et al. (2001))
284	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: l_p10 = &
285	(/0.15, 4.0, 0.15, 3.0, 3.0, 0.5, 3.0, -99., 0.5, 2.0, 1.0, -99., -99., -99., 3.0/)
286	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_b_p10 = &
287	(/0.887, 1.262, 0.887, 1.262, 1.262, 0.996, 0.996, -99., 0.7, 0.93, 0.996, -99., -99., -99., 1.262/)
288	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_in_p10 = &
289	(/0.81, 0.216, 0.81, 0.216, 0.216, 0.191, 0.162, -99., 0.7, 0.14, 0.162, -99., -99., -99., 0.216/)
290	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_im_p10 = &
291	(/0.162, 0.13, 0.162, 0.13, 0.13, 0.191, 0.081, -99., 0.191,0.086,0.081, -99., -99., -99., 0.13/)
292	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: beta_im_p10 = &
293	(/0.6, 0.47, 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, -99., 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, -99., -99., -99., 0.47/)
294	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_it_p10 = &
295	(/0.0, 0.056, 0.0, 0.056, 0.056, 0.042, 0.056, -99., 0.042,0.014,0.056, -99., -99., -99., 0.056/)
296	!
297	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Zhang et al. (2001):
298	!-- empirical constants "alpha" and "gamma" and characteristic radius "A" for
299	!-- each land use category (15) and season (5)
300	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: alpha_z01 = &
301	(/1.0, 0.6, 1.1, 0.8, 0.8, 1.2, 1.2, 50.0, 50.0, 1.3, 2.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0, 1.5/)
302	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: gamma_z01 = &
303	(/0.56, 0.58, 0.56, 0.56, 0.56, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.50, 0.50, 0.56/)
304	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15,1:5), PARAMETER :: A_z01 = RESHAPE( (/&
305	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC1
306	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC2
307	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC3
308	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC4
309	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0 & ! SC5
310	/), (/ 15, 5 /) )
311	!-- Land use categories (based on Z01 but the same applies here also for P10):
312	!-- 1 = evergreen needleleaf trees,
313	!-- 2 = evergreen broadleaf trees,
314	!-- 3 = deciduous needleleaf trees,
315	!-- 4 = deciduous broadleaf trees,
316	!-- 5 = mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees (deciduous broadleaf trees for P10),
317	!-- 6 = grass (short grass for P10),
318	!-- 7 = crops, mixed farming,
319	!-- 8 = desert,
320	!-- 9 = tundra,
321	!-- 10 = shrubs and interrupted woodlands (thorn shrubs for P10),
322	!-- 11 = wetland with plants (long grass for P10)
323	!-- 12 = ice cap and glacier,
324	!-- 13 = inland water (inland lake for P10)
325	!-- 14 = ocean (water for P10),
326	!-- 15 = urban
327	!
328	!-- SALSA variables:
329	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_b = 'neumann' !< bottom boundary condition
330	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_t = 'neumann' !< top boundary condition
331	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
332	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_type = 'deciduous_broadleaf' !< leaf type
333	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_surf_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
334	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_dynamic = 'PIDS_DYNAMIC' !< file name for dynamic input
335	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_salsa = 'PIDS_SALSA' !< file name for emission data
336	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: salsa_emission_mode = 'no_emission' !< 'no_emission', 'uniform',
337	!< 'parameterized', 'read_from_file'
338
339	CHARACTER(LEN=20), DIMENSION(4) :: decycle_method = &
340	(/'dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet'/)
341	!< Decycling method at horizontal boundaries
342	!< 1=left, 2=right, 3=south, 4=north
343	!< dirichlet = initial profiles for the ghost and first 3 layers
344	!< neumann = zero gradient
345
346	CHARACTER(LEN=3), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: listspec = & !< Active aerosols
347	(/'SO4',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '/)
348
349	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_par_num = 1 !< parametrisation type: 1=zhang2001, 2=petroff2010
350	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_type_num = 0 !< index for the dry deposition type on the plant canopy
351	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_surf_par_num = 1 !< parametrisation type: 1=zhang2001, 2=petroff2010
352	INTEGER(iwp) :: dots_salsa = 0 !< starting index for salsa-timeseries
353	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_1a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 1a
354	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2a
355	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2b = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2b
356	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_b !< index for the bottom boundary condition
357	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_t !< index for the top boundary condition
358	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_bc = -1 !< index for black carbon (BC)
359	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_du = -1 !< index for dust
360	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_nh = -1 !< index for NH3
361	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_no = -1 !< index for HNO3
362	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_oc = -1 !< index for organic carbon (OC)
363	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_so4 = -1 !< index for SO4 or H2SO4
364	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_ss = -1 !< index for sea salt
365	INTEGER(iwp) :: init_aerosol_type = 0 !< Initial size distribution type
366	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
367	!< 1 = read vertical profile of the mode number
368	!< concentration from an input file
369	INTEGER(iwp) :: init_gases_type = 0 !< Initial gas concentration type
370	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
371	!< 1 = read vertical profile from an input file
372	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_gas_emissions = 0 !< level of detail of the gaseous emission data
373	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins_aerosol = 1 !< total number of size bins
374	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 1 !< number of chemical components used
375	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomponents_mass = 1 !< total number of chemical compounds (ncc+1)
376	!< if particle water is advected)
377	INTEGER(iwp) :: nj3 = 1 !< J3 parametrization (nucleation)
378	!< 1 = condensational sink (Kerminen&Kulmala, 2002)
379	!< 2 = coagulational sink (Lehtinen et al. 2007)
380	!< 3 = coagS+self-coagulation (Anttila et al. 2010)
381	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsnucl = 0 !< Choice of the nucleation scheme:
382	!< 0 = off
383	!< 1 = binary nucleation
384	!< 2 = activation type nucleation
385	!< 3 = kinetic nucleation
386	!< 4 = ternary nucleation
387	!< 5 = nucleation with ORGANICs
388	!< 6 = activation type of nucleation with H2SO4+ORG
389	!< 7 = heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
390	!< 8 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4
391	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
392	!< 9 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and ORG
393	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
394	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_1a = 1 !< start index for bin subranges: subrange 1a
395	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2a = 1 !< subrange 2a
396	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2b = 1 !< subrange 2b
397
398	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nreg) :: nbin = (/ 3, 7/) !< Number of size bins per subrange: 1 & 2
399
400	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: gas_index_chem = &
401	(/ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1/) !< gas indices in chemistry_model_mod
402	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV, 5 = OCSV
403	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: emission_index_chem !< gas indices in the gas emission file
404
405	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_topo_top !< vertical index of the topography top
406	!
407	!-- SALSA switches:
408	LOGICAL :: advect_particle_water = .TRUE. !< Advect water concentration of particles
409	LOGICAL :: decycle_lr = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundaries: left and right
410	LOGICAL :: decycle_ns = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundaries: north and south
411	LOGICAL :: include_emission = .FALSE. !< Include or not emissions
412	LOGICAL :: feedback_to_palm = .FALSE. !< Allow feedback due to condensation of H2O
413	LOGICAL :: nest_salsa = .FALSE. !< Apply nesting for salsa
414	LOGICAL :: no_insoluble = .FALSE. !< Exclude insoluble chemical components
415	LOGICAL :: read_restart_data_salsa = .FALSE. !< Read restart data for salsa
416	LOGICAL :: salsa_gases_from_chem = .FALSE. !< Transfer the gaseous components to SALSA from
417	!< the chemistry model
418	LOGICAL :: van_der_waals_coagc = .FALSE. !< Enhancement of coagulation kernel by van der
419	!< Waals and viscous forces
420	LOGICAL :: write_binary_salsa = .FALSE. !< read binary for salsa
421	!
422	!-- Process switches: nl* is read from the NAMELIST and is NOT changed.
423	!-- ls* is the switch used and will get the value of nl*
424	!-- except for special circumstances (spinup period etc.)
425	LOGICAL :: nlcoag = .FALSE. !< Coagulation master switch
426	LOGICAL :: lscoag = .FALSE. !<
427	LOGICAL :: nlcnd = .FALSE. !< Condensation master switch
428	LOGICAL :: lscnd = .FALSE. !<
429	LOGICAL :: nlcndgas = .FALSE. !< Condensation of precursor gases
430	LOGICAL :: lscndgas = .FALSE. !<
431	LOGICAL :: nlcndh2oae = .FALSE. !< Condensation of H2O on aerosol
432	LOGICAL :: lscndh2oae = .FALSE. !< particles (FALSE -> equilibrium calc.)
433	LOGICAL :: nldepo = .FALSE. !< Deposition master switch
434	LOGICAL :: lsdepo = .FALSE. !<
435	LOGICAL :: nldepo_surf = .FALSE. !< Deposition on vegetation master switch
436	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_surf = .FALSE. !<
437	LOGICAL :: nldepo_pcm = .FALSE. !< Deposition on walls master switch
438	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE. !<
439	LOGICAL :: nldistupdate = .TRUE. !< Size distribution update master switch
440	LOGICAL :: lsdistupdate = .FALSE. !<
441	LOGICAL :: lspartition = .FALSE. !< Partition of HNO3 and NH3
442
443	REAL(wp) :: act_coeff = 1.0E-7_wp !< Activation coefficient
444	REAL(wp) :: dt_salsa = 0.00001_wp !< Time step of SALSA
445	REAL(wp) :: h2so4_init = nclim !< Init value for sulphuric acid gas
446	REAL(wp) :: hno3_init = nclim !< Init value for nitric acid gas
447	REAL(wp) :: last_salsa_time = 0.0_wp !< previous salsa call
448	REAL(wp) :: next_aero_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
449	REAL(wp) :: next_gas_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
450	REAL(wp) :: nf2a = 1.0_wp !< Number fraction allocated to 2a-bins
451	REAL(wp) :: nh3_init = nclim !< Init value for ammonia gas
452	REAL(wp) :: ocnv_init = nclim !< Init value for non-volatile organic gases
453	REAL(wp) :: ocsv_init = nclim !< Init value for semi-volatile organic gases
454	REAL(wp) :: rhlim = 1.20_wp !< RH limit in %/100. Prevents unrealistical RH
455	REAL(wp) :: skip_time_do_salsa = 0.0_wp !< Starting time of SALSA (s)
456	!
457	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres),
458	!-- standard deviation (sigmag) and concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3)
459	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: dpg = &
460	(/1.3E-8_wp, 5.4E-8_wp, 8.6E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp/)
461	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: sigmag = &
462	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
463	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: n_lognorm = &
464	(/1.04e+11_wp, 3.23E+10_wp, 5.4E+6_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
465	!
466	!-- Initial mass fractions / chemical composition of the size distribution
467	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_a = & !< mass fractions between
468	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for A bins
469	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_b = & !< mass fractions between
470	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for B bins
471	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nreg+1) :: reglim = & !< Min&max diameters of size subranges
472	(/ 3.0E-9_wp, 5.0E-8_wp, 1.0E-5_wp/)
473	!
474	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres), standard deviation (sigmag)
475	!-- concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3) and mass fractions of all chemical components (listed in
476	!-- listspec) for both a (soluble) and b (insoluble) bins.
477	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_dpg = &
478	(/1.3E-8_wp, 5.4E-8_wp, 8.6E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp, 2.0E-7_wp/)
479	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_sigmag = &
480	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
481	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a = &
482	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
483	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b = &
484	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
485	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: surface_aerosol_flux = &
486	(/1.0E+8_wp, 1.0E+9_wp, 1.0E+5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
487
488	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bin_low_limits !< to deliver information about
489	!< the lower diameters per bin
490	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_am_t_val !< vertical gradient of: aerosol mass
491	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_an_t_val !< of: aerosol number
492	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_gt_t_val !< salsa gases near domain top
493	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: gas_emission_time !< Time array in gas emission data (s)
494	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsect !< Background number concentrations
495	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: massacc !< Mass accomodation coefficients
496	!
497	!-- SALSA derived datatypes:
498	!
499	!-- Component index
500	TYPE component_index
501	CHARACTER(len=3), ALLOCATABLE :: comp(:) !< Component name
502	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomp !< Number of components
503	INTEGER(iwp), ALLOCATABLE :: ind(:) !< Component index
504	END TYPE component_index
505	!
506	!-- For matching LSM and USM surface types and the deposition module surface types
507	TYPE match_surface
508	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_lupg !< index for pavement / green roofs
509	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_luvw !< index for vegetation / walls
510	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match_luww !< index for water / windows
511	END TYPE match_surface
512	!
513	!-- Aerosol emission data attributes
514	TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
515
516	CHARACTER(LEN=25) :: units
517
518	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_name !<
519	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !<
520	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: unit_time !<
521	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !<
522
523	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod = 0 !< level of detail
524	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins = 10 !< number of aerosol size bins
525	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncat = 0 !< number of emission categories
526	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 7 !< number of aerosol chemical components
527	INTEGER(iwp) :: nhoursyear = 0 !< number of hours: HOURLY mode
528	INTEGER(iwp) :: nmonthdayhour = 0 !< number of month days and hours: MDH mode
529	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
530	INTEGER(iwp) :: nt = 0 !< number of time steps
531	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz = 0 !< number of vertical levels
532	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind !< time index for reference time in salsa emission data
533
534	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_input_to_model !<
535
536	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_index !< Index of emission categories
537	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_index !< Index of chemical components
538
539	REAL(wp) :: conversion_factor !< unit conversion factor for aerosol emissions
540
541	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: dmid !< mean diameters of size bins (m)
542	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: rho !< average density (kg/m3)
543	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time !< time (s)
544	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time_factor !< emission time factor
545	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: z !< height (m)
546
547	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: etf !< emission time factor
548	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: stack_height
549
550	END TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
551	!
552	!-- The default size distribution and mass composition per emission category:
553	!-- 1 = traffic, 2 = road dust, 3 = wood combustion, 4 = other
554	!-- Mass fractions: H2SO4, OC, BC, DU, SS, HNO3, NH3
555	TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
556
557	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndm = 3 !< number of default modes
558	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndc = 4 !< number of default categories
559
560	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_name_table = (/'traffic exhaust', &
561	'road dust ', &
562	'wood combustion', &
563	'other '/)
564
565	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_input_to_model !<
566
567	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: dpg_table = (/ 13.5E-9_wp, 1.4E-6_wp, 5.4E-8_wp/) !<
568	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ntot_table !<
569	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: sigmag_table = (/ 1.6_wp, 1.4_wp, 1.7_wp /) !<
570
571	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:maxspec,1:4) :: mass_frac_table = & !<
572	RESHAPE( (/ 0.04_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
573	0.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.95_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
574	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
575	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp &
576	/), (/maxspec,4/) )
577
578	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3,1:4) :: pm_frac_table = & !< rel. mass
579	RESHAPE( (/ 0.016_wp, 0.000_wp, 0.984_wp, &
580	0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, &
581	0.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, &
582	1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp &
583	/), (/3,4/) )
584
585	END TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
586	!
587	!-- Aerosol emission data values
588	TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
589
590	REAL(wp) :: fill !< fill value
591
592	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_mass_fracs !< mass fractions
593
594	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_mass_fracs !< mass fractions per emis. category
595
596	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_data !< surface emission values in PM
597	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_data !< surface emission values per bin
598
599	END TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
600	!
601	!-- Prognostic variable: Aerosol size bin information (number (#/m3) and mass (kg/m3) concentration)
602	!-- and the concentration of gaseous tracers (#/m3). Gas tracers are contained sequentially in
603	!-- dimension 4 as:
604	!-- 1. H2SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV (non-volatile organics), 5. OCSV (semi-volatile)
605	TYPE salsa_variable
606
607	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: init !<
608
609	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: diss_s !<
610	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: flux_s !<
611	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: source !<
612	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: sums_ws_l !<
613
614	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: diss_l !<
615	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: flux_l !<
616
617	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: conc !<
618	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: conc_p !<
619	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: tconc_m !<
620
621	END TYPE salsa_variable
622	!
623	!-- Datatype used to store information about the binned size distributions of aerosols
624	TYPE t_section
625
626	REAL(wp) :: dmid !< bin middle diameter (m)
627	REAL(wp) :: vhilim !< bin volume at the high limit
628	REAL(wp) :: vlolim !< bin volume at the low limit
629	REAL(wp) :: vratiohi !< volume ratio between the center and high limit
630	REAL(wp) :: vratiolo !< volume ratio between the center and low limit
631	!******************************************************
632	! ^ Do NOT change the stuff above after initialization !
633	!******************************************************
634	REAL(wp) :: core !< Volume of dry particle
635	REAL(wp) :: dwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter (m)
636	REAL(wp) :: numc !< Number concentration of particles/droplets (#/m3)
637	REAL(wp) :: veqh2o !< Equilibrium H2O concentration for each particle
638
639	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec+1) :: volc !< Volume concentrations (m^3/m^3) of aerosols +
640	!< water. Since most of the stuff in SALSA is hard
641	!< coded, these have to be in the order
642	!< 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
643	END TYPE t_section
644
645	TYPE(salsa_emission_attribute_type) :: aero_emission_att !< emission attributes
646	TYPE(salsa_emission_value_type) :: aero_emission !< emission values
647	TYPE(salsa_emission_mode_type) :: def_modes !< default emission modes
648
649	TYPE(chem_emis_att_type) :: chem_emission_att !< chemistry emission attributes
650	TYPE(chem_emis_val_type) :: chem_emission !< chemistry emission values
651
652	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: aero !< local aerosol properties
653
654	TYPE(match_surface) :: lsm_to_depo_h !< to match the deposition module and horizontal LSM surfaces
655	TYPE(match_surface) :: usm_to_depo_h !< to match the deposition module and horizontal USM surfaces
656
657	TYPE(match_surface), DIMENSION(0:3) :: lsm_to_depo_v !< to match the deposition mod. and vertical LSM surfaces
658	TYPE(match_surface), DIMENSION(0:3) :: usm_to_depo_v !< to match the deposition mod. and vertical USM surfaces
659	!
660	!-- SALSA variables: as x = x(k,j,i,bin).
661	!-- The 4th dimension contains all the size bins sequentially for each aerosol species + water.
662	!
663	!-- Prognostic variables:
664	!
665	!-- Number concentration (#/m3)
666	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: aerosol_number !<
667	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_1 !<
668	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_2 !<
669	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_3 !<
670	!
671	!-- Mass concentration (kg/m3)
672	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: aerosol_mass !<
673	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_1 !<
674	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_2 !<
675	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_3 !<
676	!
677	!-- Gaseous concentrations (#/m3)
678	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: salsa_gas !<
679	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_1 !<
680	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_2 !<
681	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_3 !<
682	!
683	!-- Diagnostic tracers
684	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:) :: sedim_vd !< sedimentation velocity per bin (m/s)
685	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:) :: ra_dry !< aerosol dry radius (m)
686
687	!-- Particle component index tables
688	TYPE(component_index) :: prtcl !< Contains "getIndex" which gives the index for a given aerosol
689	!< component name: 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
690	!
691	!-- Data output arrays:
692	!
693	!-- Gases:
694	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_h2so4_av !< H2SO4
695	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_hno3_av !< HNO3
696	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_nh3_av !< NH3
697	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_ocnv_av !< non-volatile OC
698	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_ocsv_av !< semi-volatile OC
699	!
700	!-- Integrated:
701	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: ldsa_av !< lung-deposited surface area
702	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: ntot_av !< total number concentration
703	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: pm25_av !< PM2.5
704	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: pm10_av !< PM10
705	!
706	!-- In the particle phase:
707	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_bc_av !< black carbon
708	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_du_av !< dust
709	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_h2o_av !< liquid water
710	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_nh_av !< ammonia
711	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_no_av !< nitrates
712	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_oc_av !< org. carbon
713	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_so4_av !< sulphates
714	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_ss_av !< sea salt
715	!
716	!-- Bin specific mass and number concentrations:
717	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mbins_av !< bin mas
718	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nbins_av !< bin number
719
720	!
721	!-- PALM interfaces:
722	!
723	!-- Boundary conditions:
724	INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
725	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds
726	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds_decycle
727	END INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
728	!
729	!-- Data output checks for 2D/3D data to be done in check_parameters
730	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
731	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output
732	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
733	!
734	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
735	INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
736	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_parameters
737	END INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
738	!
739	!-- Averaging of 3D data for output
740	INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
741	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_3d_data_averaging
742	END INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
743	!
744	!-- Data output of 2D quantities
745	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
746	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_2d
747	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
748	!
749	!-- Data output of 3D data
750	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
751	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_3d
752	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
753	!
754	!-- Data output of 3D data
755	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
756	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_mask
757	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
758	!
759	!-- Definition of data output quantities
760	INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
761	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
762	END INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
763	!
764	!-- Output of information to the header file
765	INTERFACE salsa_header
766	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_header
767	END INTERFACE salsa_header
768	!
769	!-- Initialization actions
770	INTERFACE salsa_init
771	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init
772	END INTERFACE salsa_init
773	!
774	!-- Initialization of arrays
775	INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
776	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init_arrays
777	END INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
778	!
779	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs !!! renaming?!
780	INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
781	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_wrd_local
782	END INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
783	!
784	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
785	INTERFACE salsa_parin
786	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_parin
787	END INTERFACE salsa_parin
788	!
789	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
790	INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
791	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_rrd_local
792	END INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
793	!
794	!-- Swapping of time levels (required for prognostic variables)
795	INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
796	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_swap_timelevel
797	END INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
798	!
799	!-- Interface between PALM and salsa
800	INTERFACE salsa_driver
801	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_driver
802	END INTERFACE salsa_driver
803
804	!-- Actions salsa variables
805	INTERFACE salsa_actions
806	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions
807	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions_ij
808	END INTERFACE salsa_actions
809	!
810	!-- Non-advective processes (i.e. aerosol dynamic reactions) for salsa variables
811	INTERFACE salsa_non_advective_processes
812	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_non_advective_processes
813	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_non_advective_processes_ij
814	END INTERFACE salsa_non_advective_processes
815	!
816	!-- Exchange horiz for salsa variables
817	INTERFACE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
818	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
819	END INTERFACE salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
820	!
821	!-- Prognostics equations for salsa variables
822	INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
823	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations
824	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations_ij
825	END INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
826	!
827	!-- Tendency salsa variables
828	INTERFACE salsa_tendency
829	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency
830	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency_ij
831	END INTERFACE salsa_tendency
832
833
834	SAVE
835
836	PRIVATE
837	!
838	!-- Public functions:
839	PUBLIC salsa_boundary_conds, salsa_check_data_output, salsa_check_parameters, &
840	salsa_3d_data_averaging, salsa_data_output_2d, salsa_data_output_3d, &
841	salsa_data_output_mask, salsa_define_netcdf_grid, salsa_diagnostics, salsa_driver, &
842	salsa_emission_update, salsa_header, salsa_init, salsa_init_arrays, salsa_parin, &
843	salsa_rrd_local, salsa_swap_timelevel, salsa_prognostic_equations, salsa_wrd_local, &
844	salsa_actions, salsa_non_advective_processes, salsa_exchange_horiz_bounds
845	!
846	!-- Public parameters, constants and initial values
847	PUBLIC bc_am_t_val, bc_an_t_val, bc_gt_t_val, dots_salsa, dt_salsa, &
848	ibc_salsa_b, last_salsa_time, lsdepo, nest_salsa, salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem, &
849	skip_time_do_salsa
850	!
851	!-- Public prognostic variables
852	PUBLIC aerosol_mass, aerosol_number, gconc_2, mconc_2, nbins_aerosol, ncc, ncomponents_mass, &
853	nclim, nconc_2, ngases_salsa, prtcl, ra_dry, salsa_gas, sedim_vd
854
855
856	CONTAINS
857
858	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
859	! Description:
860	! ------------
861	!> Parin for &salsa_par for new modules
862	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
863	SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
864
865	IMPLICIT NONE
866
867	CHARACTER(LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line
868	!< of the parameter file
869
870	NAMELIST /salsa_parameters/ aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a, &
871	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b, aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
872	advect_particle_water, bc_salsa_b, bc_salsa_t, decycle_lr, &
873	decycle_method, decycle_ns, depo_pcm_par, depo_pcm_type, &
874	depo_surf_par, dpg, dt_salsa, feedback_to_palm, h2so4_init, &
875	hno3_init, init_gases_type, init_aerosol_type, listspec, &
876	mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b, n_lognorm, nbin, nest_salsa, nf2a,&
877	nh3_init, nj3, nlcnd, nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae, nlcoag, nldepo, &
878	nldepo_pcm, nldepo_surf, nldistupdate, nsnucl, ocnv_init, &
879	ocsv_init, read_restart_data_salsa, reglim, salsa, &
880	salsa_emission_mode, sigmag, skip_time_do_salsa, &
881	surface_aerosol_flux, van_der_waals_coagc, write_binary_salsa
882
883	line = ' '
884	!
885	!-- Try to find salsa package
886	REWIND ( 11 )
887	line = ' '
888	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&salsa_parameters' ) == 0 )
889	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
890	ENDDO
891	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
892	!
893	!-- Read user-defined namelist
894	READ ( 11, salsa_parameters )
895	!
896	!-- Enable salsa (salsa switch in modules.f90)
897	salsa = .TRUE.
898
899	10 CONTINUE
900
901	END SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
902
903	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
904	! Description:
905	! ------------
906	!> Check parameters routine for salsa.
907	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
908	SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
909
910	USE control_parameters, &
911	ONLY: message_string
912
913	IMPLICIT NONE
914
915	!
916	!-- Checks go here (cf. check_parameters.f90).
917	IF ( salsa .AND. .NOT. humidity ) THEN
918	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'salsa = ', salsa, ' is not allowed with humidity = ', humidity
919	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0594', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
920	ENDIF
921
922	IF ( bc_salsa_b == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
923	ibc_salsa_b = 0
924	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_b == 'neumann' ) THEN
925	ibc_salsa_b = 1
926	ELSE
927	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_b = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
928	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0595', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
929	ENDIF
930
931	IF ( bc_salsa_t == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
932	ibc_salsa_t = 0
933	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'neumann' ) THEN
934	ibc_salsa_t = 1
935	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'nested' ) THEN
936	ibc_salsa_t = 2
937	ELSE
938	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_t = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
939	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0596', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
940	ENDIF
941
942	IF ( nj3 < 1 .OR. nj3 > 3 ) THEN
943	message_string = 'unknown nj3 (must be 1-3)'
944	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0597', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
945	ENDIF
946
947	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' .AND. ibc_salsa_b == 0 ) THEN
948	message_string = 'salsa_emission_mode /= "no_emission" requires bc_salsa_b = "Neumann"'
949	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters','PA0598', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
950	ENDIF
951
952	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' ) include_emission = .TRUE.
953
954	END SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
955
956	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
957	!
958	! Description:
959	! ------------
960	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
961	!> It is called out from subroutine netcdf.
962	!> Same grid as for other scalars (see netcdf_interface_mod.f90)
963	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
964	SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
965
966	IMPLICIT NONE
967
968	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !<
969	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !<
970	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !<
971	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !<
972
973	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
974
975	found = .TRUE.
976	!
977	!-- Check for the grid
978
979	IF ( var(1:2) == 'g_' ) THEN
980	grid_x = 'x'
981	grid_y = 'y'
982	grid_z = 'zu'
983	ELSEIF ( var(1:4) == 'LDSA' ) THEN
984	grid_x = 'x'
985	grid_y = 'y'
986	grid_z = 'zu'
987	ELSEIF ( var(1:5) == 'm_bin' ) THEN
988	grid_x = 'x'
989	grid_y = 'y'
990	grid_z = 'zu'
991	ELSEIF ( var(1:5) == 'N_bin' ) THEN
992	grid_x = 'x'
993	grid_y = 'y'
994	grid_z = 'zu'
995	ELSEIF ( var(1:4) == 'Ntot' ) THEN
996	grid_x = 'x'
997	grid_y = 'y'
998	grid_z = 'zu'
999	ELSEIF ( var(1:2) == 'PM' ) THEN
1000	grid_x = 'x'
1001	grid_y = 'y'
1002	grid_z = 'zu'
1003	ELSEIF ( var(1:2) == 's_' ) THEN
1004	grid_x = 'x'
1005	grid_y = 'y'
1006	grid_z = 'zu'
1007	ELSE
1008	found = .FALSE.
1009	grid_x = 'none'
1010	grid_y = 'none'
1011	grid_z = 'none'
1012	ENDIF
1013
1014	END SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
1015
1016	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1017	! Description:
1018	! ------------
1019	!> Header output for new module
1020	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1021	SUBROUTINE salsa_header( io )
1022
1023	USE indices, &
1024	ONLY: nx, ny, nz
1025
1026	IMPLICIT NONE
1027
1028	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
1029	!
1030	!-- Write SALSA header
1031	WRITE( io, 1 )
1032	WRITE( io, 2 ) skip_time_do_salsa
1033	WRITE( io, 3 ) dt_salsa
1034	WRITE( io, 4 ) nz, ny, nx, nbins_aerosol
1035	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
1036	WRITE( io, 5 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol, &
1037	advect_particle_water
1038	ELSE
1039	WRITE( io, 5 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ncc*nbins_aerosol, advect_particle_water
1040	ENDIF
1041	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1042	WRITE( io, 6 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ngases_salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem
1043	ENDIF
1044	WRITE( io, 7 )
1045	IF ( nsnucl > 0 ) WRITE( io, 8 ) nsnucl, nj3
1046	IF ( nlcoag ) WRITE( io, 9 )
1047	IF ( nlcnd ) WRITE( io, 10 ) nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae
1048	IF ( lspartition ) WRITE( io, 11 )
1049	IF ( nldepo ) WRITE( io, 12 ) nldepo_pcm, nldepo_surf
1050	WRITE( io, 13 ) reglim, nbin, bin_low_limits
1051	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) WRITE( io, 14 ) nsect
1052	WRITE( io, 15 ) ncc, listspec, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
1053	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1054	WRITE( io, 16 ) ngases_salsa, h2so4_init, hno3_init, nh3_init, ocnv_init, ocsv_init
1055	ENDIF
1056	WRITE( io, 17 ) init_aerosol_type, init_gases_type
1057	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) THEN
1058	WRITE( io, 18 ) dpg, sigmag, n_lognorm
1059	ELSE
1060	WRITE( io, 19 )
1061	ENDIF
1062	IF ( nest_salsa ) WRITE( io, 20 ) nest_salsa
1063	WRITE( io, 21 ) salsa_emission_mode
1064	IF ( salsa_emission_mode == 'uniform' ) THEN
1065	WRITE( io, 22 ) surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
1066	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a
1067	ENDIF
1068	IF ( SUM( aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b ) > 0.0_wp .OR. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) &
1069	THEN
1070	WRITE( io, 23 )
1071	ENDIF
1072
1073	1 FORMAT (//' SALSA information:'/ &
1074	' ------------------------------'/)
1075	2 FORMAT (' Starts at: skip_time_do_salsa = ', F10.2, ' s')
1076	3 FORMAT (/' Timestep: dt_salsa = ', F6.2, ' s')
1077	4 FORMAT (/' Array shape (z,y,x,bins):'/ &
1078	' aerosol_number: ', 4(I3))
1079	5 FORMAT (/' aerosol_mass: ', 4(I3),/ &
1080	' (advect_particle_water = ', L1, ')')
1081	6 FORMAT (' salsa_gas: ', 4(I3),/ &
1082	' (salsa_gases_from_chem = ', L1, ')')
1083	7 FORMAT (/' Aerosol dynamic processes included: ')
1084	8 FORMAT (/' nucleation (scheme = ', I1, ' and J3 parametrization = ', I1, ')')
1085	9 FORMAT (/' coagulation')
1086	10 FORMAT (/' condensation (of precursor gases = ', L1, ' and water vapour = ', L1, ')' )
1087	11 FORMAT (/' dissolutional growth by HNO3 and NH3')
1088	12 FORMAT (/' dry deposition (on vegetation = ', L1, ' and on topography = ', L1, ')')
1089	13 FORMAT (/' Aerosol bin subrange limits (in metres): ', 3(ES10.2E3), / &
1090	' Number of size bins for each aerosol subrange: ', 2I3,/ &
1091	' Aerosol bin limits (in metres): ', 9(ES10.2E3))
1092	14 FORMAT (' Initial number concentration in bins at the lowest level (#/m**3):', 9(ES10.2E3))
1093	15 FORMAT (/' Number of chemical components used: ', I1,/ &
1094	' Species: ',7(A6),/ &
1095	' Initial relative contribution of each species to particle volume in:',/ &
1096	' a-bins: ', 7(F6.3),/ &
1097	' b-bins: ', 7(F6.3))
1098	16 FORMAT (/' Number of gaseous tracers used: ', I1,/ &
1099	' Initial gas concentrations:',/ &
1100	' H2SO4: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1101	' HNO3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1102	' NH3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1103	' OCNV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1104	' OCSV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3')
1105	17 FORMAT (/' Initialising concentrations: ', / &
1106	' Aerosol size distribution: init_aerosol_type = ', I1,/ &
1107	' Gas concentrations: init_gases_type = ', I1 )
1108	18 FORMAT ( ' Mode diametres: dpg(nmod) = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1109	' Standard deviation: sigmag(nmod) = ', 7(F7.2),/ &
1110	' Number concentration: n_lognorm(nmod) = ', 7(ES12.4E3), ' (#/m3)' )
1111	19 FORMAT (/' Size distribution read from a file.')
1112	20 FORMAT (/' Nesting for salsa variables: ', L1 )
1113	21 FORMAT (/' Emissions: salsa_emission_mode = ', A )
1114	22 FORMAT (/' surface_aerosol_flux = ', ES12.4E3, ' #/m**2/s', / &
1115	' aerosol_flux_dpg = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1116	' aerosol_flux_sigmag = ', 7(F7.2), / &
1117	' aerosol_mass_fracs_a = ', 7(ES12.4E3) )
1118	23 FORMAT (/' (currently all emissions are soluble!)')
1119
1120	END SUBROUTINE salsa_header
1121
1122	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1123	! Description:
1124	! ------------
1125	!> Allocate SALSA arrays and define pointers if required
1126	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1127	SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1128
1129	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
1130	ONLY: nvar
1131
1132	USE surface_mod, &
1133	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
1134
1135	IMPLICIT NONE
1136
1137	INTEGER(iwp) :: gases_available !< Number of available gas components in the chemistry model
1138	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index for allocating
1139	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for allocating: surfaces
1140	INTEGER(iwp) :: lsp !< loop index for chem species in the chemistry model
1141
1142	gases_available = 0
1143	!
1144	!-- Allocate prognostic variables (see salsa_swap_timelevel)
1145	!
1146	!-- Set derived indices:
1147	!-- (This does the same as the subroutine salsa_initialize in SALSA/UCLALES-SALSA)
1148	start_subrange_1a = 1 ! 1st index of subrange 1a
1149	start_subrange_2a = start_subrange_1a + nbin(1) ! 1st index of subrange 2a
1150	end_subrange_1a = start_subrange_2a - 1 ! last index of subrange 1a
1151	end_subrange_2a = end_subrange_1a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2a
1152
1153	!
1154	!-- If the fraction of insoluble aerosols in subrange 2 is zero: do not allocate arrays for them
1155	IF ( nf2a > 0.999999_wp .AND. SUM( mass_fracs_b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1156	no_insoluble = .TRUE.
1157	start_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a+1 ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1158	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a ! last index of subrange 2b
1159	ELSE
1160	start_subrange_2b = start_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1161	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2b
1162	ENDIF
1163
1164	nbins_aerosol = end_subrange_2b ! total number of aerosol size bins
1165	!
1166	!-- Create index tables for different aerosol components
1167	CALL component_index_constructor( prtcl, ncc, maxspec, listspec )
1168
1169	ncomponents_mass = ncc
1170	IF ( advect_particle_water ) ncomponents_mass = ncc + 1 ! Add water
1171
1172	!
1173	!-- Allocate:
1174	ALLOCATE( aero(nbins_aerosol), bc_am_t_val(nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass), &
1175	bc_an_t_val(nbins_aerosol), bc_gt_t_val(ngases_salsa), bin_low_limits(nbins_aerosol),&
1176	nsect(nbins_aerosol), massacc(nbins_aerosol) )
1177	ALLOCATE( k_topo_top(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1178	IF ( nldepo ) ALLOCATE( sedim_vd(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1179	ALLOCATE( ra_dry(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1180
1181	!
1182	!-- Aerosol number concentration
1183	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(nbins_aerosol) )
1184	ALLOCATE( nconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1185	nconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1186	nconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1187	nconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1188	nconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1189	nconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1190
1191	DO i = 1, nbins_aerosol
1192	aerosol_number(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1193	aerosol_number(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1194	aerosol_number(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1195	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1196	aerosol_number(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1197	aerosol_number(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1198	aerosol_number(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1199	aerosol_number(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1200	aerosol_number(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1201	aerosol_number(i)%init = nclim
1202	IF ( include_emission .OR. ( nldepo .AND. nldepo_surf ) ) THEN
1203	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%source(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1204	ENDIF
1205	ENDDO
1206
1207	!
1208	!-- Aerosol mass concentration
1209	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1210	ALLOCATE( mconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1211	mconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1212	mconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1213	mconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1214	mconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1215	mconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1216
1217	DO i = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1218	aerosol_mass(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1219	aerosol_mass(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1220	aerosol_mass(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1221	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1222	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1223	aerosol_mass(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1224	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1225	aerosol_mass(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1226	aerosol_mass(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1227	aerosol_mass(i)%init = mclim
1228	IF ( include_emission .OR. ( nldepo .AND. nldepo_surf ) ) THEN
1229	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%source(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1230	ENDIF
1231	ENDDO
1232
1233	!
1234	!-- Surface fluxes: answs = aerosol number, amsws = aerosol mass
1235	!
1236	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1237	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1238	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1239	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1240	surf_def_h(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1241	surf_def_h(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1242	ENDDO
1243	!
1244	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1245	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%answs( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1246	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1247	surf_lsm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1248	surf_lsm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1249	!
1250	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1251	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%answs( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1252	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%amsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1253	surf_usm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1254	surf_usm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1255
1256	!
1257	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and westward (l=3) facing
1258	DO l = 0, 3
1259	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1260	surf_def_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1261	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1262	surf_def_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1263
1264	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1265	surf_lsm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1266	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1267	surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1268
1269	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1270	surf_usm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1271	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1272	surf_usm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1273
1274	ENDDO
1275
1276	!
1277	!-- Concentration of gaseous tracers (1. SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV, 5. OCSV)
1278	!-- (number concentration (#/m3) )
1279	!
1280	!-- If chemistry is on, read gas phase concentrations from there. Otherwise,
1281	!-- allocate salsa_gas array.
1282
1283	IF ( air_chemistry ) THEN
1284	DO lsp = 1, nvar
1285	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( chem_species(lsp)%name ) )
1286	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'h2so4' )
1287	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1288	gas_index_chem(1) = lsp
1289	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3' )
1290	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1291	gas_index_chem(2) = lsp
1292	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3' )
1293	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1294	gas_index_chem(3) = lsp
1295	CASE ( 'OCNV', 'ocnv' )
1296	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1297	gas_index_chem(4) = lsp
1298	CASE ( 'OCSV', 'ocsv' )
1299	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1300	gas_index_chem(5) = lsp
1301	END SELECT
1302	ENDDO
1303
1304	IF ( gases_available == ngases_salsa ) THEN
1305	salsa_gases_from_chem = .TRUE.
1306	ELSE
1307	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'SALSA is run together with chemistry but not all gaseous '// &
1308	'components are provided by kpp (H2SO4, HNO3, NH3, OCNV, OCSV)'
1309	CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0599', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1310	ENDIF
1311
1312	ELSE
1313
1314	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(ngases_salsa) )
1315	ALLOCATE( gconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1316	gconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1317	gconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa) )
1318	gconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1319	gconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1320	gconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1321
1322	DO i = 1, ngases_salsa
1323	salsa_gas(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1324	salsa_gas(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1325	salsa_gas(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1326	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1327	salsa_gas(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1328	salsa_gas(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1329	salsa_gas(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1330	salsa_gas(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1331	salsa_gas(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1332	salsa_gas(i)%init = nclim
1333	IF ( include_emission ) ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%source(nys:nys,nxl:nxr) )
1334	ENDDO
1335	!
1336	!-- Surface fluxes: gtsws = gaseous tracer flux
1337	!
1338	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1339	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1340	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1341	surf_def_h(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1342	ENDDO
1343	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1344	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1345	surf_lsm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1346	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1347	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1348	surf_usm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1349	!
1350	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and
1351	!-- westward (l=3) facing
1352	DO l = 0, 3
1353	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1354	surf_def_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1355	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1356	surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1357	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1358	surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1359	ENDDO
1360	ENDIF
1361
1362	IF ( ws_scheme_sca ) THEN
1363
1364	IF ( salsa ) THEN
1365	ALLOCATE( sums_salsa_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1366	sums_salsa_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1367	ENDIF
1368
1369	ENDIF
1370
1371	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1372
1373	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1374	! Description:
1375	! ------------
1376	!> Initialization of SALSA. Based on salsa_initialize in UCLALES-SALSA.
1377	!> Subroutines salsa_initialize, SALSAinit and DiagInitAero in UCLALES-SALSA are
1378	!> also merged here.
1379	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1380	SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1381
1382	IMPLICIT NONE
1383
1384	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
1385	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index for aerosol number bins
1386	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index for aerosol mass bins
1387	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index for gases
1388	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< index for indexing
1389	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
1390
1391	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'salsa_init', 'start' )
1392
1393	bin_low_limits = 0.0_wp
1394	k_topo_top = 0
1395	nsect = 0.0_wp
1396	massacc = 1.0_wp
1397
1398	!
1399	!-- Indices for chemical components used (-1 = not used)
1400	ii = 0
1401	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SO4' ) ) THEN
1402	index_so4 = get_index( prtcl,'SO4' )
1403	ii = ii + 1
1404	ENDIF
1405	IF ( is_used( prtcl,'OC' ) ) THEN
1406	index_oc = get_index(prtcl, 'OC')
1407	ii = ii + 1
1408	ENDIF
1409	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'BC' ) ) THEN
1410	index_bc = get_index( prtcl, 'BC' )
1411	ii = ii + 1
1412	ENDIF
1413	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'DU' ) ) THEN
1414	index_du = get_index( prtcl, 'DU' )
1415	ii = ii + 1
1416	ENDIF
1417	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SS' ) ) THEN
1418	index_ss = get_index( prtcl, 'SS' )
1419	ii = ii + 1
1420	ENDIF
1421	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NO' ) ) THEN
1422	index_no = get_index( prtcl, 'NO' )
1423	ii = ii + 1
1424	ENDIF
1425	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NH' ) ) THEN
1426	index_nh = get_index( prtcl, 'NH' )
1427	ii = ii + 1
1428	ENDIF
1429	!
1430	!-- All species must be known
1431	IF ( ii /= ncc ) THEN
1432	message_string = 'Unknown aerosol species/component(s) given in the initialization'
1433	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: salsa_init', 'PA0600', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1434	ENDIF
1435	!
1436	!-- Partition and dissolutional growth by gaseous HNO3 and NH3
1437	IF ( index_no > 0 .AND. index_nh > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) lspartition = .TRUE.
1438	!
1439	!-- Initialise
1440	!
1441	!-- Aerosol size distribution (TYPE t_section)
1442	aero(:)%dwet = 1.0E-10_wp
1443	aero(:)%veqh2o = 1.0E-10_wp
1444	aero(:)%numc = nclim
1445	aero(:)%core = 1.0E-10_wp
1446	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1 ! 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
1447	aero(:)%volc(ic) = 0.0_wp
1448	ENDDO
1449
1450	IF ( nldepo ) sedim_vd = 0.0_wp
1451
1452	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1453	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
1454	salsa_gas(1)%conc = h2so4_init
1455	salsa_gas(2)%conc = hno3_init
1456	salsa_gas(3)%conc = nh3_init
1457	salsa_gas(4)%conc = ocnv_init
1458	salsa_gas(5)%conc = ocsv_init
1459	ENDIF
1460	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1461	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1462	salsa_gas(ig)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1463	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1464	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1465	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1466	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1467	salsa_gas(ig)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1468	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = salsa_gas(ig)%conc
1469	ENDDO
1470	!
1471	!-- Set initial value for gas compound tracer
1472	salsa_gas(1)%init = h2so4_init
1473	salsa_gas(2)%init = hno3_init
1474	salsa_gas(3)%init = nh3_init
1475	salsa_gas(4)%init = ocnv_init
1476	salsa_gas(5)%init = ocsv_init
1477	ENDIF
1478	!
1479	!-- Aerosol radius in each bin: dry and wet (m)
1480	ra_dry = 1.0E-10_wp
1481	!
1482	!-- Initialise aerosol tracers
1483	aero(:)%vhilim = 0.0_wp
1484	aero(:)%vlolim = 0.0_wp
1485	aero(:)%vratiohi = 0.0_wp
1486	aero(:)%vratiolo = 0.0_wp
1487	aero(:)%dmid = 0.0_wp
1488	!
1489	!-- Initialise the sectional particle size distribution
1490	CALL set_sizebins
1491	!
1492	!-- Initialise location-dependent aerosol size distributions and chemical compositions:
1493	CALL aerosol_init
1494
1495	!-- Initalisation run of SALSA + calculate the vertical top index of the topography
1496	DO i = nxl, nxr
1497	DO j = nys, nyn
1498
1499	k_topo_top(j,i) = MAXLOC( MERGE( 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,i), 12 ) ), DIM = 1 ) - 1
1500
1501	CALL salsa_driver( i, j, 1 )
1502	CALL salsa_diagnostics( i, j )
1503	ENDDO
1504	ENDDO
1505
1506	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
1507	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p = aerosol_number(ib)%conc
1508	aerosol_number(ib)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1509	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1510	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1511	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1512	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1513	aerosol_number(ib)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1514	ENDDO
1515	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1516	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc_p = aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
1517	aerosol_mass(ic)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1518	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1519	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1520	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1521	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1522	aerosol_mass(ic)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1523	ENDDO
1524	!
1525	!
1526	!-- Initialise the deposition scheme and surface types
1527	IF ( nldepo ) CALL init_deposition
1528
1529	IF ( include_emission ) THEN
1530	!
1531	!-- Read in and initialize emissions
1532	CALL salsa_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1533	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem .AND. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) THEN
1534	CALL salsa_gas_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1535	ENDIF
1536	ENDIF
1537
1538	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'salsa_init', 'end' )
1539
1540	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1541
1542	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1543	! Description:
1544	! ------------
1545	!> Initializes particle size distribution grid by calculating size bin limits
1546	!> and mid-size for dry particles in each bin. Called from salsa_initialize
1547	!> (only at the beginning of simulation).
1548	!> Size distribution described using:
1549	!> 1) moving center method (subranges 1 and 2)
1550	!> (Jacobson, Atmos. Env., 31, 131-144, 1997)
1551	!> 2) fixed sectional method (subrange 3)
1552	!> Size bins in each subrange are spaced logarithmically
1553	!> based on given subrange size limits and bin number.
1554	!
1555	!> Mona changed 06/2017: Use geometric mean diameter to describe the mean
1556	!> particle diameter in a size bin, not the arithmeric mean which clearly
1557	!> overestimates the total particle volume concentration.
1558	!
1559	!> Coded by:
1560	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
1561	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
1562	!
1563	!> Bug fixes for box model + updated for the new aerosol datatype:
1564	!> Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
1565	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1566	SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1567
1568	IMPLICIT NONE
1569
1570	INTEGER(iwp) :: cc !< running index
1571	INTEGER(iwp) :: dd !< running index
1572
1573	REAL(wp) :: ratio_d !< ratio of the upper and lower diameter of subranges
1574	!
1575	!-- vlolim&vhilim: min & max dry volumes [fxm]
1576	!-- dmid: bin mid dry diameter (m)
1577	!-- vratiolo&vratiohi: volume ratio between the center and low/high limit
1578	!
1579	!-- 1) Size subrange 1:
1580	ratio_d = reglim(2) / reglim(1) ! section spacing (m)
1581	DO cc = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1582	aero(cc)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc-1 ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1583	aero(cc)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1584	aero(cc)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(cc)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1585	( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1586	aero(cc)%vratiohi = aero(cc)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1587	aero(cc)%vratiolo = aero(cc)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1588	ENDDO
1589	!
1590	!-- 2) Size subrange 2:
1591	!-- 2.1) Sub-subrange 2a: high hygroscopicity
1592	ratio_d = reglim(3) / reglim(2) ! section spacing
1593	DO dd = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
1594	cc = dd - start_subrange_2a
1595	aero(dd)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1596	aero(dd)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc+1 ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1597	aero(dd)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(dd)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1598	( aero(dd)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1599	aero(dd)%vratiohi = aero(dd)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1600	aero(dd)%vratiolo = aero(dd)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1601	ENDDO
1602	!
1603	!-- 2.2) Sub-subrange 2b: low hygroscopicity
1604	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
1605	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vlolim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vlolim
1606	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vhilim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vhilim
1607	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%dmid = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%dmid
1608	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiohi = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiohi
1609	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiolo = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiolo
1610	ENDIF
1611	!
1612	!-- Initialize the wet diameter with the bin dry diameter to avoid numerical problems later
1613	aero(:)%dwet = aero(:)%dmid
1614	!
1615	!-- Save bin limits (lower diameter) to be delivered to PALM if needed
1616	DO cc = 1, nbins_aerosol
1617	bin_low_limits(cc) = ( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
1618	ENDDO
1619
1620	END SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1621
1622	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1623	! Description:
1624	! ------------
1625	!> Initilize altitude-dependent aerosol size distributions and compositions.
1626	!>
1627	!> Mona added 06/2017: Correct the number and mass concentrations by normalizing
1628	!< by the given total number and mass concentration.
1629	!>
1630	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
1631	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1632	SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
1633
1634	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
1635	ONLY: close_input_file, get_attribute, get_variable, &
1636	netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length, open_read_file
1637
1638	IMPLICIT NONE
1639
1640	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !< chemical component name
1641
1642	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
1643	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index: x-direction
1644	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index: size bins
1645	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index: chemical components
1646	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_dyn !< NetCDF id of PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1647	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index: gases
1648	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index: y-direction
1649	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index: z-direction
1650	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_aero !< level of detail of inital aerosol concentrations
1651	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nbins !< Number of aerosol size bins in file
1652	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_ncc !< Number of aerosol chemical components in file
1653	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nz !< Number of vertical grid-points in file
1654	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< running mode of SALSA
1655	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
1656
1657	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_input_to_model
1658
1659	LOGICAL :: netcdf_extend = .FALSE. !< Flag: netcdf file exists
1660
1661	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
1662
1663	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: core !< size of the bin mid aerosol particle
1664
1665	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pnf2a !< number fraction in 2a
1666	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pmfoc1a !< mass fraction of OC in 1a
1667
1668	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol) :: pndist !< size dist as a function of height (#/m3)
1669	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2a !< mass distributions in subrange 2a
1670	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2b !< mass distributions in subrange 2b
1671
1672	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_dmid !< vertical profile of aerosol bin diameters
1673	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_z !< z levels of profiles
1674
1675	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_a !< mass fraction: a
1676	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_b !< and b
1677
1678	cc_input_to_model = 0
1679	prunmode = 1
1680	!
1681	!-- Bin mean aerosol particle volume (m3)
1682	core(:) = 0.0_wp
1683	core(1:nbins_aerosol) = api6 * aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid**3
1684	!
1685	!-- Set concentrations to zero
1686	pndist(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1687	pnf2a(:) = nf2a
1688	pmf2a(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1689	pmf2b(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1690	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1691
1692	IF ( init_aerosol_type == 1 ) THEN
1693	!
1694	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1695	#if defined( __netcdf )
1696	!
1697	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1698	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
1699	IF ( netcdf_extend ) THEN
1700	!
1701	!-- Open file in read-only mode
1702	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
1703	!
1704	!-- Inquire dimensions:
1705	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
1706	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
1707	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
1708	'the number of numeric grid points.'
1709	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0601', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1710	ENDIF
1711	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_ncc, 'composition_index' )
1712	!
1713	!-- Allocate memory
1714	ALLOCATE( pr_z(1:pr_nz), pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc), &
1715	pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc) )
1716	pr_mass_fracs_a = 0.0_wp
1717	pr_mass_fracs_b = 0.0_wp
1718	!
1719	!-- Read vertical levels
1720	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'z', pr_z )
1721	!
1722	!-- Read name and index of chemical components
1723	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'composition_name', cc_name, pr_ncc )
1724	DO ic = 1, pr_ncc
1725	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( cc_name(ic) ) )
1726	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'SO4', 'h2so4', 'so4' )
1727	cc_input_to_model(1) = ic
1728	CASE ( 'OC', 'oc' )
1729	cc_input_to_model(2) = ic
1730	CASE ( 'BC', 'bc' )
1731	cc_input_to_model(3) = ic
1732	CASE ( 'DU', 'du' )
1733	cc_input_to_model(4) = ic
1734	CASE ( 'SS', 'ss' )
1735	cc_input_to_model(5) = ic
1736	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3', 'NO', 'no' )
1737	cc_input_to_model(6) = ic
1738	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3', 'NH', 'nh' )
1739	cc_input_to_model(7) = ic
1740	END SELECT
1741	ENDDO
1742
1743	IF ( SUM( cc_input_to_model ) == 0 ) THEN
1744	message_string = 'None of the aerosol chemical components in ' // TRIM( &
1745	input_file_dynamic ) // ' correspond to ones applied in SALSA.'
1746	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0602', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1747	ENDIF
1748	!
1749	!-- Vertical profiles of mass fractions of different chemical components:
1750	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a', pr_mass_fracs_a, &
1751	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1752	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_b', pr_mass_fracs_b, &
1753	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1754	!
1755	!-- Match the input data with the chemical composition applied in the model
1756	DO ic = 1, maxspec
1757	ss = cc_input_to_model(ic)
1758	IF ( ss == 0 ) CYCLE
1759	pmf2a(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt,ss)
1760	pmf2b(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt,ss)
1761	ENDDO
1762	!
1763	!-- Aerosol concentrations: lod=1 (total PM) or lod=2 (sectional number size distribution)
1764	CALL get_attribute( id_dyn, 'lod', lod_aero, .FALSE., 'init_atmosphere_aerosol' )
1765	IF ( lod_aero /= 1 ) THEN
1766	message_string = 'Currently only lod=1 accepted for init_atmosphere_aerosol'
1767	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0603', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1768	ELSE
1769	!
1770	!-- Bin mean diameters in the input file
1771	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nbins, 'Dmid')
1772	IF ( pr_nbins /= nbins_aerosol ) THEN
1773	message_string = 'Number of size bins in init_atmosphere_aerosol does not match ' &
1774	// 'with that applied in the model'
1775	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0604', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1776	ENDIF
1777
1778	ALLOCATE( pr_dmid(pr_nbins) )
1779	pr_dmid = 0.0_wp
1780
1781	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'Dmid', pr_dmid )
1782	!
1783	!-- Check whether the sectional representation conform to the one
1784	!-- applied in the model
1785	IF ( ANY( ABS( ( aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid - pr_dmid ) / &
1786	aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid ) > 0.1_wp ) ) THEN
1787	message_string = 'Mean diameters of the aerosol size bins in ' // TRIM( &
1788	input_file_dynamic ) // ' do not match with the sectional '// &
1789	'representation of the model.'
1790	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0605', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1791	ENDIF
1792	!
1793	!-- Inital aerosol concentrations
1794	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_aerosol', pndist(nzb+1:nzt,:), &
1795	0, pr_nbins-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1796	ENDIF
1797	!
1798	!-- Set bottom and top boundary condition (Neumann)
1799	pmf2a(nzb,:) = pmf2a(nzb+1,:)
1800	pmf2a(nzt+1,:) = pmf2a(nzt,:)
1801	pmf2b(nzb,:) = pmf2b(nzb+1,:)
1802	pmf2b(nzt+1,:) = pmf2b(nzt,:)
1803	pndist(nzb,:) = pndist(nzb+1,:)
1804	pndist(nzt+1,:) = pndist(nzt,:)
1805
1806	IF ( index_so4 < 0 ) THEN
1807	pmf2a(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1808	pmf2b(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1809	ENDIF
1810	IF ( index_oc < 0 ) THEN
1811	pmf2a(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1812	pmf2b(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1813	ENDIF
1814	IF ( index_bc < 0 ) THEN
1815	pmf2a(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1816	pmf2b(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1817	ENDIF
1818	IF ( index_du < 0 ) THEN
1819	pmf2a(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1820	pmf2b(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1821	ENDIF
1822	IF ( index_ss < 0 ) THEN
1823	pmf2a(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1824	pmf2b(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1825	ENDIF
1826	IF ( index_no < 0 ) THEN
1827	pmf2a(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1828	pmf2b(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1829	ENDIF
1830	IF ( index_nh < 0 ) THEN
1831	pmf2a(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1832	pmf2b(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1833	ENDIF
1834
1835	IF ( SUM( pmf2a ) < 0.00001_wp .AND. SUM( pmf2b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1836	message_string = 'Error in initialising mass fractions of chemical components. ' // &
1837	'Check that all chemical components are included in parameter file!'
1838	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0606', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1839	ENDIF
1840	!
1841	!-- Then normalise the mass fraction so that SUM = 1
1842	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1843	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
1844	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
1845	ENDDO
1846
1847	DEALLOCATE( pr_z, pr_mass_fracs_a, pr_mass_fracs_b )
1848
1849	ELSE
1850	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
1851	' for SALSA missing!'
1852	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0607', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1853	!
1854	!-- Close input file
1855	CALL close_input_file( id_dyn )
1856	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
1857
1858	#else
1859	message_string = 'init_aerosol_type = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used '// &
1860	'in compiling!'
1861	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0608', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1862
1863	#endif
1864
1865	ELSEIF ( init_aerosol_type == 0 ) THEN
1866	!
1867	!-- Mass fractions for species in a and b-bins
1868	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1869	pmf2a(:,1) = mass_fracs_a(index_so4)
1870	pmf2b(:,1) = mass_fracs_b(index_so4)
1871	ENDIF
1872	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1873	pmf2a(:,2) = mass_fracs_a(index_oc)
1874	pmf2b(:,2) = mass_fracs_b(index_oc)
1875	ENDIF
1876	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
1877	pmf2a(:,3) = mass_fracs_a(index_bc)
1878	pmf2b(:,3) = mass_fracs_b(index_bc)
1879	ENDIF
1880	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
1881	pmf2a(:,4) = mass_fracs_a(index_du)
1882	pmf2b(:,4) = mass_fracs_b(index_du)
1883	ENDIF
1884	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
1885	pmf2a(:,5) = mass_fracs_a(index_ss)
1886	pmf2b(:,5) = mass_fracs_b(index_ss)
1887	ENDIF
1888	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
1889	pmf2a(:,6) = mass_fracs_a(index_no)
1890	pmf2b(:,6) = mass_fracs_b(index_no)
1891	ENDIF
1892	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
1893	pmf2a(:,7) = mass_fracs_a(index_nh)
1894	pmf2b(:,7) = mass_fracs_b(index_nh)
1895	ENDIF
1896	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1897	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
1898	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
1899	ENDDO
1900
1901	CALL size_distribution( n_lognorm, dpg, sigmag, nsect )
1902	!
1903	!-- Normalize by the given total number concentration
1904	nsect = nsect * SUM( n_lognorm ) / SUM( nsect )
1905	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
1906	pndist(:,ib) = nsect(ib)
1907	ENDDO
1908	ENDIF
1909
1910	IF ( init_gases_type == 1 ) THEN
1911	!
1912	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_CHEM
1913	#if defined( __netcdf )
1914	!
1915	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1916	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
1917	IF ( netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1918	!
1919	!-- Open file in read-only mode
1920	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
1921	!
1922	!-- Inquire dimensions:
1923	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
1924	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
1925	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
1926	'the number of numeric grid points.'
1927	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0609', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1928	ENDIF
1929	!
1930	!-- Read vertical profiles of gases:
1931	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_h2so4', salsa_gas(1)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1932	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_hno3', salsa_gas(2)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1933	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_nh3', salsa_gas(3)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1934	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocnv', salsa_gas(4)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1935	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocsv', salsa_gas(5)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1936	!
1937	!-- Set Neumann top and surface boundary condition for initial + initialise concentrations
1938	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1939	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb+1)
1940	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt+1) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt)
1941	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
1942	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1943	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(k,:,:) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(k)
1944	ENDDO
1945	ENDIF
1946	ENDDO
1947
1948	ELSEIF ( .NOT. netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1949	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
1950	' for SALSA missing!'
1951	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0610', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1952	!
1953	!-- Close input file
1954	CALL close_input_file( id_dyn )
1955	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
1956	#else
1957	message_string = 'init_gases_type = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used in '//&
1958	'compiling!'
1959	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0611', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1960
1961	#endif
1962
1963	ENDIF
1964	!
1965	!-- Both SO4 and OC are included, so use the given mass fractions
1966	IF ( index_oc > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1967	pmfoc1a(:) = pmf2a(:,2) / ( pmf2a(:,2) + pmf2a(:,1) ) ! Normalize
1968	!
1969	!-- Pure organic carbon
1970	ELSEIF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1971	pmfoc1a(:) = 1.0_wp
1972	!
1973	!-- Pure SO4
1974	ELSEIF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1975	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1976
1977	ELSE
1978	message_string = 'Either OC or SO4 must be active for aerosol region 1a!'
1979	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0612', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1980	ENDIF
1981
1982	!
1983	!-- Initialize concentrations
1984	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1985	DO j = nysg, nyng
1986	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1987	!
1988	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
1989	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
1990	!
1991	!-- a) Number concentrations
1992	!-- Region 1:
1993	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1994	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
1995	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = pndist(k,ib) * flag
1996	ENDIF
1997	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1998	aerosol_number(ib)%init = pndist(:,ib)
1999	ENDIF
2000	ENDDO
2001	!
2002	!-- Region 2:
2003	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
2004	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
2005	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2006	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pnf2a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * flag
2007	ENDIF
2008	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2009	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
2010	ENDIF
2011	ENDDO
2012	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2013	DO ib = start_subrange_2b, end_subrange_2b
2014	IF ( pnf2a(k) < 1.0_wp ) THEN
2015	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2016	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2017	pndist(k,ib) * flag
2018	ENDIF
2019	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2020	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
2021	ENDIF
2022	ENDIF
2023	ENDDO
2024	ENDIF
2025	ENDIF
2026	!
2027	!-- b) Aerosol mass concentrations
2028	!-- bin subrange 1: done here separately due to the SO4/OC convention
2029	!
2030	!-- SO4:
2031	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2032	ss = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
2033	ee = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
2034	ib = start_subrange_1a
2035	DO ic = ss, ee
2036	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2037	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * &
2038	pndist(k,ib) * core(ib) * arhoh2so4 * flag
2039	ENDIF
2040	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2041	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) &
2042	* core(ib) * arhoh2so4
2043	ENDIF
2044	ib = ib+1
2045	ENDDO
2046	ENDIF
2047	!
2048	!-- OC:
2049	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2050	ss = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
2051	ee = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
2052	ib = start_subrange_1a
2053	DO ic = ss, ee
2054	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2055	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2056	core(ib) * arhooc * flag
2057	ENDIF
2058	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2059	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2060	core(ib) * arhooc
2061	ENDIF
2062	ib = ib+1
2063	ENDDO
2064	ENDIF
2065	ENDDO !< k
2066
2067	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2068
2069	ENDDO !< j
2070	ENDDO !< i
2071
2072	!
2073	!-- c) Aerosol mass concentrations
2074	!-- bin subrange 2:
2075	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
2076
2077	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2078	CALL set_aero_mass( index_so4, pmf2a(:,1), pmf2b(:,1), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoh2so4 )
2079	ENDIF
2080	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2081	CALL set_aero_mass( index_oc, pmf2a(:,2), pmf2b(:,2), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhooc )
2082	ENDIF
2083	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2084	CALL set_aero_mass( index_bc, pmf2a(:,3), pmf2b(:,3), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhobc )
2085	ENDIF
2086	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2087	CALL set_aero_mass( index_du, pmf2a(:,4), pmf2b(:,4), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhodu )
2088	ENDIF
2089	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2090	CALL set_aero_mass( index_ss, pmf2a(:,5), pmf2b(:,5), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoss )
2091	ENDIF
2092	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2093	CALL set_aero_mass( index_no, pmf2a(:,6), pmf2b(:,6), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhohno3 )
2094	ENDIF
2095	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2096	CALL set_aero_mass( index_nh, pmf2a(:,7), pmf2b(:,7), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhonh3 )
2097	ENDIF
2098
2099	ENDIF
2100
2101	END SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
2102
2103	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2104	! Description:
2105	! ------------
2106	!> Create a lognormal size distribution and discretise to a sectional
2107	!> representation.
2108	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2109	SUBROUTINE size_distribution( in_ntot, in_dpg, in_sigma, psd_sect )
2110
2111	IMPLICIT NONE
2112
2113	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< running index: bin
2114	INTEGER(iwp) :: iteration !< running index: iteration
2115
2116	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2117	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2118	REAL(wp) :: delta_d !< (d2-d1)/10
2119	REAL(wp) :: deltadp !< bin width
2120	REAL(wp) :: dmidi !< ( d1 + d2 ) / 2
2121
2122	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_dpg !< geometric mean diameter (m)
2123	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_ntot !< number conc. (#/m3)
2124	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_sigma !< standard deviation
2125
2126	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: psd_sect !< sectional size distribution
2127
2128	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
2129	psd_sect(ib) = 0.0_wp
2130	!
2131	!-- Particle diameter at the low limit (largest in the bin) (m)
2132	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2133	!
2134	!-- Particle diameter at the high limit (smallest in the bin) (m)
2135	d2 = ( aero(ib)%vhilim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2136	!
2137	!-- Span of particle diameter in a bin (m)
2138	delta_d = 0.1_wp * ( d2 - d1 )
2139	!
2140	!-- Iterate:
2141	DO iteration = 1, 10
2142	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp + ( ib - 1) delta_d
2143	d2 = d1 + delta_d
2144	dmidi = 0.5_wp * ( d1 + d2 )
2145	deltadp = LOG10( d2 / d1 )
2146	!
2147	!-- Size distribution
2148	!-- in_ntot = total number, total area, or total volume concentration
2149	!-- in_dpg = geometric-mean number, area, or volume diameter
2150	!-- n(k) = number, area, or volume concentration in a bin
2151	psd_sect(ib) = psd_sect(ib) + SUM( in_ntot * deltadp / ( SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) * &
2152	LOG10( in_sigma ) ) * EXP( -LOG10( dmidi / in_dpg )**2.0_wp / &
2153	( 2.0_wp * LOG10( in_sigma ) ** 2.0_wp ) ) )
2154
2155	ENDDO
2156	ENDDO
2157
2158	END SUBROUTINE size_distribution
2159
2160	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2161	! Description:
2162	! ------------
2163	!> Sets the mass concentrations to aerosol arrays in 2a and 2b.
2164	!>
2165	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
2166	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2167	SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass( ispec, pmf2a, pmf2b, pnf2a, pndist, pcore, prho )
2168
2169	IMPLICIT NONE
2170
2171	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
2172	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
2173	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2174	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2175	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index
2176	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2177	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< 1 = initialise
2178	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
2179
2180	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: ispec !< Aerosol species index
2181
2182	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2183
2184	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prho !< Aerosol density
2185
2186	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pcore !< Aerosol bin mid core volume
2187	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pnf2a !< Number fraction for 2a
2188	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2a !< Mass distributions for a
2189	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2b !< and b bins
2190
2191	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pndist !< Aerosol size distribution
2192
2193	prunmode = 1
2194
2195	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2196	DO j = nysg, nyng
2197	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2198	!
2199	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2200	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2201	!
2202	!-- Regime 2a:
2203	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2a
2204	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2a
2205	ib = start_subrange_2a
2206	DO ic = ss, ee
2207	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2208	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib)&
2209	* pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2210	ENDIF
2211	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2212	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2213	pcore(ib) * prho
2214	ENDIF
2215	ib = ib + 1
2216	ENDDO
2217	!
2218	!-- Regime 2b:
2219	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2220	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2b
2221	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2b
2222	ib = start_subrange_2a
2223	DO ic = ss, ee
2224	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2225	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k))&
2226	* pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2227	ENDIF
2228	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2229	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2230	pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho
2231	ENDIF
2232	ib = ib + 1
2233	ENDDO ! c
2234
2235	ENDIF
2236	ENDDO ! k
2237
2238	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2239
2240	ENDDO ! j
2241	ENDDO ! i
2242
2243	END SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass
2244
2245	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2246	! Description:
2247	! ------------
2248	!> Initialise the matching between surface types in LSM and deposition models.
2249	!> Do the matching based on Zhang et al. (2001). Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560
2250	!> (here referred as Z01).
2251	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2252	SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2253
2254	USE surface_mod, &
2255	ONLY: surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2256
2257	IMPLICIT NONE
2258
2259	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for vertical surfaces
2260
2261	LOGICAL :: match_lsm !< flag to initilise LSM surfaces (if false, initialise USM surfaces)
2262
2263	IF ( depo_pcm_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
2264	depo_pcm_par_num = 1
2265	ELSEIF ( depo_pcm_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
2266	depo_pcm_par_num = 2
2267	ENDIF
2268
2269	IF ( depo_surf_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
2270	depo_surf_par_num = 1
2271	ELSEIF ( depo_surf_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
2272	depo_surf_par_num = 2
2273	ENDIF
2274	!
2275	!-- LSM: Pavement, vegetation and water
2276	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. land_surface ) THEN
2277	match_lsm = .TRUE.
2278	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg(1:surf_lsm_h%ns), &
2279	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw(1:surf_lsm_h%ns), &
2280	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww(1:surf_lsm_h%ns) )
2281	lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg = 0
2282	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw = 0
2283	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww = 0
2284	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_lsm_h, lsm_to_depo_h%match_lupg, lsm_to_depo_h%match_luvw, &
2285	lsm_to_depo_h%match_luww, match_lsm )
2286	DO l = 0, 3
2287	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns), &
2288	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns), &
2289	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2290	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg = 0
2291	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw = 0
2292	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww = 0
2293	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_lsm_v(l), lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg, &
2294	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw, lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww, match_lsm )
2295	ENDDO
2296	ENDIF
2297	!
2298	!-- USM: Green roofs/walls, wall surfaces and windows
2299	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. urban_surface ) THEN
2300	match_lsm = .FALSE.
2301	ALLOCATE( usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg(1:surf_usm_h%ns), &
2302	usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw(1:surf_usm_h%ns), &
2303	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww(1:surf_usm_h%ns) )
2304	usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg = 0
2305	usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw = 0
2306	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww = 0
2307	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_usm_h, usm_to_depo_h%match_lupg, usm_to_depo_h%match_luvw, &
2308	usm_to_depo_h%match_luww, match_lsm )
2309	DO l = 0, 3
2310	ALLOCATE( usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns), &
2311	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns), &
2312	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww(1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns) )
2313	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg = 0
2314	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw = 0
2315	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww = 0
2316	CALL match_sm_zhang( surf_usm_v(l), usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_lupg, &
2317	usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luvw, usm_to_depo_v(l)%match_luww, match_lsm )
2318	ENDDO
2319	ENDIF
2320
2321	IF ( nldepo_pcm ) THEN
2322	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_type )
2323	CASE ( 'evergreen_needleleaf' )
2324	depo_pcm_type_num = 1
2325	CASE ( 'evergreen_broadleaf' )
2326	depo_pcm_type_num = 2
2327	CASE ( 'deciduous_needleleaf' )
2328	depo_pcm_type_num = 3
2329	CASE ( 'deciduous_broadleaf' )
2330	depo_pcm_type_num = 4
2331	CASE DEFAULT
2332	message_string = 'depo_pcm_type not set correctly.'
2333	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_deposition', 'PA0613', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2334	END SELECT
2335	ENDIF
2336
2337	END SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2338
2339	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2340	! Description:
2341	! ------------
2342	!> Match the surface types in PALM and Zhang et al. 2001 deposition module
2343	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2344	SUBROUTINE match_sm_zhang( surf, match_pav_green, match_veg_wall, match_wat_win, match_lsm )
2345
2346	USE surface_mod, &
2347	ONLY: ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_type
2348
2349	IMPLICIT NONE
2350
2351	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< index for surface elements
2352	INTEGER(iwp) :: pav_type_palm !< pavement / green wall type in PALM
2353	INTEGER(iwp) :: veg_type_palm !< vegetation / wall type in PALM
2354	INTEGER(iwp) :: wat_type_palm !< water / window type in PALM
2355
2356	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_pav_green !< matching pavement/green walls
2357	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_veg_wall !< matching vegetation/walls
2358	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_wat_win !< matching water/windows
2359
2360	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: match_lsm !< flag to initilise LSM surfaces (if false, initialise USM)
2361
2362	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(in) :: surf !< respective surface type
2363
2364	DO m = 1, surf%ns
2365	IF ( match_lsm ) THEN
2366	!
2367	!-- Vegetation (LSM):
2368	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2369	veg_type_palm = surf%vegetation_type(m)
2370	SELECT CASE ( veg_type_palm )
2371	CASE ( 0 )
2372	message_string = 'No vegetation type defined.'
2373	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_depo_surfaces', 'PA0614', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2374	CASE ( 1 ) ! bare soil
2375	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2376	CASE ( 2 ) ! crops, mixed farming
2377	match_veg_wall(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2378	CASE ( 3 ) ! short grass
2379	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2380	CASE ( 4 ) ! evergreen needleleaf trees
2381	match_veg_wall(m) = 1 ! evergreen needleleaf trees in Z01
2382	CASE ( 5 ) ! deciduous needleleaf trees
2383	match_veg_wall(m) = 3 ! deciduous needleleaf trees in Z01
2384	CASE ( 6 ) ! evergreen broadleaf trees
2385	match_veg_wall(m) = 2 ! evergreen broadleaf trees in Z01
2386	CASE ( 7 ) ! deciduous broadleaf trees
2387	match_veg_wall(m) = 4 ! deciduous broadleaf trees in Z01
2388	CASE ( 8 ) ! tall grass
2389	match_veg_wall(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2390	CASE ( 9 ) ! desert
2391	match_veg_wall(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2392	CASE ( 10 ) ! tundra
2393	match_veg_wall(m) = 9 ! tundra in Z01
2394	CASE ( 11 ) ! irrigated crops
2395	match_veg_wall(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2396	CASE ( 12 ) ! semidesert
2397	match_veg_wall(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2398	CASE ( 13 ) ! ice caps and glaciers
2399	match_veg_wall(m) = 12 ! ice cap and glacier in Z01
2400	CASE ( 14 ) ! bogs and marshes
2401	match_veg_wall(m) = 11 ! wetland with plants in Z01
2402	CASE ( 15 ) ! evergreen shrubs
2403	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2404	CASE ( 16 ) ! deciduous shrubs
2405	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2406	CASE ( 17 ) ! mixed forest/woodland
2407	match_veg_wall(m) = 5 ! mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees in Z01
2408	CASE ( 18 ) ! interrupted forest
2409	match_veg_wall(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2410	END SELECT
2411	ENDIF
2412	!
2413	!-- Pavement (LSM):
2414	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2415	pav_type_palm = surf%pavement_type(m)
2416	IF ( pav_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2417	message_string = 'No pavement type defined.'
2418	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_sm_zhang', 'PA0615', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2419	ELSE
2420	match_pav_green(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2421	ENDIF
2422	ENDIF
2423	!
2424	!-- Water (LSM):
2425	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2426	wat_type_palm = surf%water_type(m)
2427	IF ( wat_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2428	message_string = 'No water type defined.'
2429	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_sm_zhang', 'PA0616', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2430	ELSEIF ( wat_type_palm == 3 ) THEN
2431	match_wat_win(m) = 14 ! ocean in Z01
2432	ELSEIF ( wat_type_palm == 1 .OR. wat_type_palm == 2 .OR. wat_type_palm == 4 &
2433	.OR. wat_type_palm == 5 ) THEN
2434	match_wat_win(m) = 13 ! inland water in Z01
2435	ENDIF
2436	ENDIF
2437	ELSE
2438	!
2439	!-- Wall surfaces (USM):
2440	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2441	match_veg_wall(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2442	ENDIF
2443	!
2444	!-- Green walls and roofs (USM):
2445	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2446	match_pav_green(m) = 6 ! (short) grass in Z01
2447	ENDIF
2448	!
2449	!-- Windows (USM):
2450	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2451	match_wat_win(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2452	ENDIF
2453	ENDIF
2454
2455	ENDDO
2456
2457	END SUBROUTINE match_sm_zhang
2458
2459	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2460	! Description:
2461	! ------------
2462	!> Swapping of timelevels
2463	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2464	SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel( mod_count )
2465
2466	IMPLICIT NONE
2467
2468	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2469	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2470	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !<
2471	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2472
2473	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: mod_count !<
2474
2475	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= skip_time_do_salsa ) THEN
2476
2477	SELECT CASE ( mod_count )
2478
2479	CASE ( 0 )
2480
2481	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2482	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2483	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2484
2485	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2486	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2487	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2488	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2489	ENDDO
2490	ENDDO
2491
2492	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2493	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2494	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2495	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2496	ENDDO
2497	ENDIF
2498
2499	CASE ( 1 )
2500
2501	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2502	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2503	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2504	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2505	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2506	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2507	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2508	ENDDO
2509	ENDDO
2510
2511	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2512	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2513	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2514	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2515	ENDDO
2516	ENDIF
2517
2518	END SELECT
2519
2520	ENDIF
2521
2522	END SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel
2523
2524
2525	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2526	! Description:
2527	! ------------
2528	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
2529	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2530	SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local( k, nxlf, nxlc, nxl_on_file, nxrf, nxrc, nxr_on_file, nynf, nync, &
2531	nyn_on_file, nysf, nysc, nys_on_file, tmp_3d, found )
2532
2533	IMPLICIT NONE
2534
2535	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2536	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2537	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2538	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
2539	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlc !<
2540	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlf !<
2541	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_on_file !<
2542	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrc !<
2543	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrf !<
2544	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_on_file !<
2545	INTEGER(iwp) :: nync !<
2546	INTEGER(iwp) :: nynf !<
2547	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_on_file !<
2548	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysc !<
2549	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysf !<
2550	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_on_file !<
2551
2552	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
2553
2554	REAL(wp), &
2555	DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp,nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_3d !<
2556
2557	found = .FALSE.
2558
2559	IF ( read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2560
2561	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
2562
2563	CASE ( 'aerosol_number' )
2564	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2565	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2566	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2567	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2568	found = .TRUE.
2569	ENDDO
2570
2571	CASE ( 'aerosol_mass' )
2572	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass * nbins_aerosol
2573	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2574	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2575	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2576	found = .TRUE.
2577	ENDDO
2578
2579	CASE ( 'salsa_gas' )
2580	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2581	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2582	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2583	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2584	found = .TRUE.
2585	ENDDO
2586
2587	CASE DEFAULT
2588	found = .FALSE.
2589
2590	END SELECT
2591	ENDIF
2592
2593	END SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local
2594
2595	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2596	! Description:
2597	! ------------
2598	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
2599	!> Note that the following input variables in PARIN have to be equal between
2600	!> restart runs:
2601	!> listspec, nbin, nbin2, nf2a, ncc, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
2602	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2603	SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2604
2605	IMPLICIT NONE
2606
2607	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2608	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2609	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2610
2611	IF ( write_binary .AND. write_binary_salsa ) THEN
2612
2613	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_number' )
2614	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2615	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_number(ib)%conc
2616	ENDDO
2617
2618	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_mass' )
2619	DO ic = 1, nbins_aerosol * ncomponents_mass
2620	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
2621	ENDDO
2622
2623	CALL wrd_write_string( 'salsa_gas' )
2624	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2625	WRITE ( 14 ) salsa_gas(ig)%conc
2626	ENDDO
2627
2628	ENDIF
2629
2630	END SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2631
2632	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2633	! Description:
2634	! ------------
2635	!> Performs necessary unit and dimension conversion between the host model and
2636	!> SALSA module, and calls the main SALSA routine.
2637	!> Partially adobted form the original SALSA boxmodel version.
2638	!> Now takes masses in as kg/kg from LES!! Converted to m3/m3 for SALSA
2639	!> 05/2016 Juha: This routine is still pretty much in its original shape.
2640	!> It's dumb as a mule and twice as ugly, so implementation of
2641	!> an improved solution is necessary sooner or later.
2642	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
2643	!> Jaakko Ahola, FMI, 2016
2644	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
2645	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2646	SUBROUTINE salsa_driver( i, j, prunmode )
2647
2648	USE arrays_3d, &
2649	ONLY: pt_p, q_p, u, v, w
2650
2651	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
2652	ONLY: lad_s
2653
2654	USE surface_mod, &
2655	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2656
2657	IMPLICIT NONE
2658
2659	INTEGER(iwp) :: endi !< end index
2660	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2661	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2662	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index
2663	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_wall !< vertical index of topography top
2664	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2665	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index
2666	INTEGER(iwp) :: nc_h2o !< index of H2O in the prtcl index table
2667	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< loop index
2668	INTEGER(iwp) :: str !< start index
2669	INTEGER(iwp) :: vc !< default index in prtcl
2670
2671	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
2672	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
2673	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode !< 1: Initialization, 2: Spinup, 3: Regular runtime
2674
2675	REAL(wp) :: cw_old !< previous H2O mixing ratio
2676	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2677	REAL(wp) :: in_lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
2678	REAL(wp) :: in_rh !< relative humidity
2679	REAL(wp) :: zgso4 !< SO4
2680	REAL(wp) :: zghno3 !< HNO3
2681	REAL(wp) :: zgnh3 !< NH3
2682	REAL(wp) :: zgocnv !< non-volatile OC
2683	REAL(wp) :: zgocsv !< semi-volatile OC
2684
2685	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_adn !< air density (kg/m3)
2686	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cs !< H2O sat. vapour conc.
2687	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cw !< H2O vapour concentration
2688	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_p !< pressure (Pa)
2689	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_t !< temperature (K)
2690	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_u !< wind magnitude (m/s)
2691	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air(m2/s)
2692	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: ppm_to_nconc !< Conversion factor from ppm to #/m3
2693
2694	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
2695	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: vd !< particle fall seed (m/s)
2696
2697	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: lo_aero !< additional variable for OpenMP
2698	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: aero_old !< helper array
2699
2700	aero_old(:)%numc = 0.0_wp
2701	in_lad = 0.0_wp
2702	in_u = 0.0_wp
2703	kvis = 0.0_wp
2704	lo_aero = aero
2705	schmidt_num = 0.0_wp
2706	vd = 0.0_wp
2707	zgso4 = nclim
2708	zghno3 = nclim
2709	zgnh3 = nclim
2710	zgocnv = nclim
2711	zgocsv = nclim
2712	!
2713	!-- Aerosol number is always set, but mass can be uninitialized
2714	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2715	lo_aero(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2716	aero_old(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2717	ENDDO
2718	!
2719	!-- Set the salsa runtime config (How to make this more efficient?)
2720	CALL set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
2721	!
2722	!-- Calculate thermodynamic quantities needed in SALSA
2723	CALL salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij=in_p, temp_ij=in_t, cw_ij=in_cw, cs_ij=in_cs, adn_ij=in_adn )
2724	!
2725	!-- Magnitude of wind: needed for deposition
2726	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
2727	in_u(nzb+1:nzt) = SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i+1) ) )**2 + &
2728	( 0.5_wp * ( v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j+1,i) ) )**2 + &
2729	( 0.5_wp * ( w(nzb:nzt-1,j,i) + w(nzb+1:nzt,j, i) ) )**2 )
2730	ENDIF
2731	!
2732	!-- Calculate conversion factors for gas concentrations
2733	ppm_to_nconc(:) = for_ppm_to_nconc * in_p(:) / in_t(:)
2734	!
2735	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
2736	k_wall = k_topo_top(j,i)
2737
2738	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
2739	!
2740	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2741	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2742	!
2743	!-- Wind velocity for dry depositon on vegetation
2744	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy ) THEN
2745	in_lad = lad_s( MAX( k-k_wall,0 ),j,i)
2746	ENDIF
2747	!
2748	!-- For initialization and spinup, limit the RH with the parameter rhlim
2749	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
2750	in_cw(k) = MIN( in_cw(k), in_cs(k) * rhlim )
2751	ELSE
2752	in_cw(k) = in_cw(k)
2753	ENDIF
2754	cw_old = in_cw(k) !* in_adn(k)
2755	!
2756	!-- Set volume concentrations:
2757	!-- Sulphate (SO4) or sulphuric acid H2SO4
2758	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2759	vc = 1
2760	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 ! start index
2761	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol ! end index
2762	ic = 1
2763	DO ss = str, endi
2764	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2so4
2765	ic = ic+1
2766	ENDDO
2767	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2768	ENDIF
2769	!
2770	!-- Organic carbon (OC) compounds
2771	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2772	vc = 2
2773	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2774	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
2775	ic = 1
2776	DO ss = str, endi
2777	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhooc
2778	ic = ic+1
2779	ENDDO
2780	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2781	ENDIF
2782	!
2783	!-- Black carbon (BC)
2784	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2785	vc = 3
2786	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2787	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
2788	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2789	DO ss = str, endi
2790	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhobc
2791	ic = ic+1
2792	ENDDO
2793	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2794	ENDIF
2795	!
2796	!-- Dust (DU)
2797	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2798	vc = 4
2799	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2800	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
2801	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2802	DO ss = str, endi
2803	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhodu
2804	ic = ic+1
2805	ENDDO
2806	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2807	ENDIF
2808	!
2809	!-- Sea salt (SS)
2810	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2811	vc = 5
2812	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2813	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
2814	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2815	DO ss = str, endi
2816	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoss
2817	ic = ic+1
2818	ENDDO
2819	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2820	ENDIF
2821	!
2822	!-- Nitrate (NO(3-)) or nitric acid HNO3
2823	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2824	vc = 6
2825	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2826	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
2827	ic = 1
2828	DO ss = str, endi
2829	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhohno3
2830	ic = ic+1
2831	ENDDO
2832	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2833	ENDIF
2834	!
2835	!-- Ammonium (NH(4+)) or ammonia NH3
2836	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2837	vc = 7
2838	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2839	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
2840	ic = 1
2841	DO ss = str, endi
2842	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhonh3
2843	ic = ic+1
2844	ENDDO
2845	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2846	ENDIF
2847	!
2848	!-- Water (always used)
2849	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
2850	vc = 8
2851	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2852	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
2853	ic = 1
2854	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
2855	DO ss = str, endi
2856	lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2o
2857	ic = ic+1
2858	ENDDO
2859	ELSE
2860	lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = mclim
2861	ENDIF
2862	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = lo_aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2863	!
2864	!-- Number concentrations (numc) and particle sizes
2865	!-- (dwet = wet diameter, core = dry volume)
2866	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2867	lo_aero(ib)%numc = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i)
2868	aero_old(ib)%numc = lo_aero(ib)%numc
2869	IF ( lo_aero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
2870	lo_aero(ib)%dwet = ( SUM( lo_aero(ib)%volc(:) ) / lo_aero(ib)%numc / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2871	lo_aero(ib)%core = SUM( lo_aero(ib)%volc(1:7) ) / lo_aero(ib)%numc
2872	ELSE
2873	lo_aero(ib)%dwet = lo_aero(ib)%dmid
2874	lo_aero(ib)%core = api6 * ( lo_aero(ib)%dwet )**3
2875	ENDIF
2876	ENDDO
2877	!
2878	!-- Calculate the ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of particles with
2879	!-- water using the ZSR method.
2880	in_rh = in_cw(k) / in_cs(k)
2881	IF ( prunmode==1 .OR. .NOT. advect_particle_water ) THEN
2882	CALL equilibration( in_rh, in_t(k), lo_aero, .TRUE. )
2883	ENDIF
2884	!
2885	!-- Gaseous tracer concentrations in #/m3
2886	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2887	!
2888	!-- Convert concentrations in ppm to #/m3
2889	zgso4 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(1))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2890	zghno3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(2))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2891	zgnh3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(3))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2892	zgocnv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(4))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2893	zgocsv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(5))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2894	ELSE
2895	zgso4 = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i)
2896	zghno3 = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i)
2897	zgnh3 = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i)
2898	zgocnv = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i)
2899	zgocsv = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i)
2900	ENDIF
2901	!
2902	!-- Calculate aerosol processes:
2903	!-- *********************************************************************************************
2904	!
2905	!-- Coagulation
2906	IF ( lscoag ) THEN
2907	CALL coagulation( lo_aero, dt_salsa, in_t(k), in_p(k) )
2908	ENDIF
2909	!
2910	!-- Condensation
2911	IF ( lscnd ) THEN
2912	CALL condensation( lo_aero, zgso4, zgocnv, zgocsv, zghno3, zgnh3, in_cw(k), in_cs(k), &
2913	in_t(k), in_p(k), dt_salsa, prtcl )
2914	ENDIF
2915	!
2916	!-- Deposition
2917	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
2918	CALL deposition( lo_aero, in_t(k), in_adn(k), in_u(k), in_lad, kvis(k), schmidt_num(k,:), &
2919	vd(k,:) )
2920	ENDIF
2921	!
2922	!-- Size distribution bin update
2923	IF ( lsdistupdate ) THEN
2924	CALL distr_update( lo_aero )
2925	ENDIF
2926	!-- *********************************************************************************************
2927
2928	IF ( lsdepo ) sedim_vd(k,j,i,:) = vd(k,:)
2929	!
2930	!-- Calculate changes in concentrations
2931	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2932	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ib)%numc - &
2933	aero_old(ib)%numc ) * flag
2934	ENDDO
2935
2936	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2937	vc = 1
2938	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2939	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol
2940	ic = 1
2941	DO ss = str, endi
2942	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
2943	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2so4 * flag
2944	ic = ic+1
2945	ENDDO
2946	ENDIF
2947
2948	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2949	vc = 2
2950	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2951	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
2952	ic = 1
2953	DO ss = str, endi
2954	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
2955	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhooc * flag
2956	ic = ic+1
2957	ENDDO
2958	ENDIF
2959
2960	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2961	vc = 3
2962	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2963	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
2964	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2965	DO ss = str, endi
2966	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
2967	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhobc * flag
2968	ic = ic+1
2969	ENDDO
2970	ENDIF
2971
2972	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2973	vc = 4
2974	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2975	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
2976	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2977	DO ss = str, endi
2978	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
2979	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhodu * flag
2980	ic = ic+1
2981	ENDDO
2982	ENDIF
2983
2984	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2985	vc = 5
2986	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2987	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
2988	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2989	DO ss = str, endi
2990	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
2991	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoss * flag
2992	ic = ic+1
2993	ENDDO
2994	ENDIF
2995
2996	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2997	vc = 6
2998	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2999	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
3000	ic = 1
3001	DO ss = str, endi
3002	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3003	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhohno3 * flag
3004	ic = ic+1
3005	ENDDO
3006	ENDIF
3007
3008	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
3009	vc = 7
3010	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3011	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
3012	ic = 1
3013	DO ss = str, endi
3014	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3015	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhonh3 * flag
3016	ic = ic+1
3017	ENDDO
3018	ENDIF
3019
3020	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
3021	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3022	vc = 8
3023	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3024	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3025	ic = 1
3026	DO ss = str, endi
3027	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) -&
3028	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o * flag
3029	ic = ic+1
3030	ENDDO
3031	ENDIF
3032	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
3033	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
3034	vc = 8
3035	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
3036	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
3037	ic = 1
3038	DO ss = str, endi
3039	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k) = MAX( aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k), ( lo_aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
3040	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o )
3041	IF ( k == nzb+1 ) THEN
3042	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k-1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3043	ELSEIF ( k == nzt ) THEN
3044	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k+1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3045	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k+1,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
3046	ENDIF
3047	ic = ic+1
3048	ENDDO
3049	ENDIF
3050	!
3051	!-- Condensation of precursor gases
3052	IF ( lscndgas ) THEN
3053	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
3054	!
3055	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
3056	ig = gas_index_chem(1)
3057	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 / &
3058	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3059	!
3060	!-- HNO3
3061	ig = gas_index_chem(2)
3062	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 / &
3063	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3064	!
3065	!-- NH3
3066	ig = gas_index_chem(3)
3067	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 / &
3068	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3069	!
3070	!-- non-volatile OC
3071	ig = gas_index_chem(4)
3072	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv / &
3073	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3074	!
3075	!-- semi-volatile OC
3076	ig = gas_index_chem(5)
3077	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv / &
3078	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3079
3080	ELSE
3081	!
3082	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
3083	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 - &
3084	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3085	!
3086	!-- HNO3
3087	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 - &
3088	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3089	!
3090	!-- NH3
3091	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 - &
3092	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3093	!
3094	!-- non-volatile OC
3095	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv - &
3096	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3097	!
3098	!-- semi-volatile OC
3099	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv - &
3100	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
3101	ENDIF
3102	ENDIF
3103	!
3104	!-- Tendency of water vapour mixing ratio is obtained from the change in RH during SALSA run.
3105	!-- This releases heat and changes pt. Assumes no temperature change during SALSA run.
3106	!-- q = r / (1+r), Euler method for integration
3107	!
3108	IF ( feedback_to_palm ) THEN
3109	q_p(k,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i) + 1.0_wp / ( in_cw(k) * in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 &
3110	( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) * flag
3111	pt_p(k,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i) + alv / c_p * ( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) / ( in_cw(k) / &
3112	in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 pt_p(k,j,i) / in_t(k) * flag
3113	ENDIF
3114
3115	ENDDO ! k
3116
3117	!
3118	!-- Set surfaces and wall fluxes due to deposition
3119	IF ( lsdepo .AND. lsdepo_surf .AND. prunmode == 3 ) THEN
3120	IF ( .NOT. land_surface .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN
3121	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_h(0), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
3122	DO l = 0, 3
3123	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE. )
3124	ENDDO
3125	ELSE
3126	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE., usm_to_depo_h )
3127	DO l = 0, 3
3128	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., &
3129	usm_to_depo_v(l) )
3130	ENDDO
3131	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE., lsm_to_depo_h )
3132	DO l = 0, 3
3133	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., &
3134	lsm_to_depo_v(l) )
3135	ENDDO
3136	ENDIF
3137	ENDIF
3138
3139	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
3140	!$OMP MASTER
3141	aero = lo_aero
3142	!$OMP END MASTER
3143	END IF
3144
3145	END SUBROUTINE salsa_driver
3146
3147	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3148	! Description:
3149	! ------------
3150	!> Set logical switches according to the host model state and user-specified
3151	!> NAMELIST options.
3152	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
3153	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
3154	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3155	SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
3156
3157	IMPLICIT NONE
3158
3159	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode
3160
3161	SELECT CASE(prunmode)
3162
3163	CASE(1) !< Initialization
3164	lscoag = .FALSE.
3165	lscnd = .FALSE.
3166	lscndgas = .FALSE.
3167	lscndh2oae = .FALSE.
3168	lsdepo = .FALSE.
3169	lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE.
3170	lsdepo_surf = .FALSE.
3171	lsdistupdate = .TRUE.
3172	lspartition = .FALSE.
3173
3174	CASE(2) !< Spinup period
3175	lscoag = ( .FALSE. .AND. nlcoag )
3176	lscnd = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcnd )
3177	lscndgas = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndgas )
3178	lscndh2oae = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndh2oae )
3179
3180	CASE(3) !< Run
3181	lscoag = nlcoag
3182	lscnd = nlcnd
3183	lscndgas = nlcndgas
3184	lscndh2oae = nlcndh2oae
3185	lsdepo = nldepo
3186	lsdepo_pcm = nldepo_pcm
3187	lsdepo_surf = nldepo_surf
3188	lsdistupdate = nldistupdate
3189	END SELECT
3190
3191
3192	END SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime
3193
3194	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3195	! Description:
3196	! ------------
3197	!> Calculates the absolute temperature (using hydrostatic pressure), saturation
3198	!> vapour pressure and mixing ratio over water, relative humidity and air
3199	!> density needed in the SALSA model.
3200	!> NOTE, no saturation adjustment takes place -> the resulting water vapour
3201	!> mixing ratio can be supersaturated, allowing the microphysical calculations
3202	!> in SALSA.
3203	!
3204	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014 (original SALSAthrm)
3205	!> Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017 (adjustment for PALM and only aerosol processes)
3206	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3207	SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij, temp_ij, cw_ij, cs_ij, adn_ij )
3208
3209	USE arrays_3d, &
3210	ONLY: pt, q, zu
3211
3212	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
3213	ONLY: barometric_formula, exner_function, ideal_gas_law_rho, magnus
3214
3215	USE control_parameters, &
3216	ONLY: pt_surface, surface_pressure
3217
3218	IMPLICIT NONE
3219
3220	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !<
3221	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !<
3222
3223	REAL(wp) :: t_surface !< absolute surface temperature (K)
3224
3225	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: e_s !< saturation vapour pressure over water (Pa)
3226
3227	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: adn_ij !< air density (kg/m3)
3228	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: p_ij !< air pressure (Pa)
3229	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: temp_ij !< air temperature (K)
3230
3231	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cw_ij !< water vapour concentration (kg/m3)
3232	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cs_ij !< saturation water vap. conc.(kg/m3)
3233	!
3234	!-- Pressure p_ijk (Pa) = hydrostatic pressure
3235	t_surface = pt_surface * exner_function( surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3236	p_ij(:) = barometric_formula( zu, t_surface, surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3237	!
3238	!-- Absolute ambient temperature (K)
3239	temp_ij(:) = pt(:,j,i) * exner_function( p_ij(:) )
3240	!
3241	!-- Air density
3242	adn_ij(:) = ideal_gas_law_rho( p_ij(:), temp_ij(:) )
3243	!
3244	!-- Water vapour concentration r_v (kg/m3)
3245	IF ( PRESENT( cw_ij ) ) THEN
3246	cw_ij(:) = ( q(:,j,i) / ( 1.0_wp - q(:,j,i) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3247	ENDIF
3248	!
3249	!-- Saturation mixing ratio r_s (kg/kg) from vapour pressure at temp (Pa)
3250	IF ( PRESENT( cs_ij ) ) THEN
3251	e_s(:) = 611.0_wp * EXP( alv_d_rv * ( 3.6609E-3_wp - 1.0_wp / &
3252	temp_ij(:) ) )! magnus( temp_ij(:) )
3253	cs_ij(:) = ( 0.622_wp * e_s / ( p_ij(:) - e_s(:) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3254	ENDIF
3255
3256	END SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij
3257
3258	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3259	! Description:
3260	! ------------
3261	!> Calculates ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of
3262	!> particles with water using the ZSR method (Stokes and Robinson, 1966).
3263	!> Method:
3264	!> Following chemical components are assumed water-soluble
3265	!> - (ammonium) sulphate (100%)
3266	!> - sea salt (100 %)
3267	!> - organic carbon (epsoc * 100%)
3268	!> Exact thermodynamic considerations neglected.
3269	!> - If particles contain no sea salt, calculation according to sulphate
3270	!> properties
3271	!> - If contain sea salt but no sulphate, calculation according to sea salt
3272	!> properties
3273	!> - If contain both sulphate and sea salt -> the molar fraction of these
3274	!> compounds determines which one of them is used as the basis of calculation.
3275	!> If sulphate and sea salt coexist in a particle, it is assumed that the Cl is
3276	!> replaced by sulphate; thus only either sulphate + organics or sea salt +
3277	!> organics is included in the calculation of soluble fraction.
3278	!> Molality parameterizations taken from Table 1 of Tang: Thermodynamic and
3279	!> optical properties of mixed-salt aerosols of atmospheric importance,
3280	!> J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D2), 1883-1893 (1997)
3281	!
3282	!> Coded by:
3283	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
3284	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
3285	!> Matti Niskanen(FMI) 2012
3286	!> Anton Laakso (FMI) 2013
3287	!> Modified for the new aerosol datatype, Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
3288	!
3289	!> fxm: should sea salt form a solid particle when prh is very low (even though
3290	!> it could be mixed with e.g. sulphate)?
3291	!> fxm: crashes if no sulphate or sea salt
3292	!> fxm: do we really need to consider Kelvin effect for subrange 2
3293	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3294	SUBROUTINE equilibration( prh, ptemp, paero, init )
3295
3296	IMPLICIT NONE
3297
3298	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3299	INTEGER(iwp) :: counti !< loop index
3300
3301	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: init !< TRUE: Initialization, FALSE: Normal runtime: update water
3302	!< content only for 1a
3303
3304	REAL(wp) :: zaw !< water activity [0-1]
3305	REAL(wp) :: zcore !< Volume of dry particle
3306	REAL(wp) :: zdold !< Old diameter
3307	REAL(wp) :: zdwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter
3308	REAL(wp) :: zke !< Kelvin term in the KÃ¶hler equation
3309	REAL(wp) :: zlwc !< liquid water content [kg/m3-air]
3310	REAL(wp) :: zrh !< Relative humidity
3311
3312	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zbinmol !< binary molality of each components (mol/kg)
3313	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zvpart !< volume of chem. compounds in one particle
3314
3315	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prh !< relative humidity [0-1]
3316	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptemp !< temperature (K)
3317
3318	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3319
3320	zaw = 0.0_wp
3321	zlwc = 0.0_wp
3322	!
3323	!-- Relative humidity:
3324	zrh = prh
3325	zrh = MAX( zrh, 0.05_wp )
3326	zrh = MIN( zrh, 0.98_wp)
3327	!
3328	!-- 1) Regime 1: sulphate and partly water-soluble OC. Done for every CALL
3329	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a ! size bin
3330
3331	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3332	zdold = 1.0_wp
3333	zke = 1.02_wp
3334
3335	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3336	!
3337	!-- Volume in one particle
3338	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3339	zvpart(1:2) = paero(ib)%volc(1:2) / paero(ib)%numc
3340	zvpart(6:7) = paero(ib)%volc(6:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3341	!
3342	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle
3343	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:2) )
3344	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3345
3346	counti = 0
3347	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-2_wp )
3348
3349	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3350	zaw = MAX( 1.0E-3_wp, zrh / zke ) ! To avoid underflow
3351	!
3352	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3353	!-- Sulphate
3354	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3355	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3356	!-- Organic carbon
3357	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3358	!-- Nitric acid
3359	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - 6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw**2 &
3360	+ 5.510176187E+2_wp * zaw*3 - 1.460055286E+3_wp zaw**4 &
3361	+ 1.894467542E+3_wp * zaw*5 - 1.220611402E+3_wp zaw**6 &
3362	+ 3.098597737E+2_wp * zaw**7
3363	!
3364	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air) using ZSR (see e.g. Eq. 10.98 in
3365	!-- Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3366	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3367	epsoc * paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3368	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3/amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6)
3369	!
3370	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3371	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3372	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3373	!
3374	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006)). Avoid
3375	!-- overflow.
3376	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * ptemp * zdwet ) ) )
3377
3378	counti = counti + 1
3379	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3380	message_string = 'Subrange 1: no convergence!'
3381	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0617', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3382	ENDIF
3383	ENDDO
3384	!
3385	!-- Instead of lwc, use the volume concentration of water from now on
3386	!-- (easy to convert...)
3387	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3388	!
3389	!-- If this is initialization, update the core and wet diameter
3390	IF ( init ) THEN
3391	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3392	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3393	ENDIF
3394
3395	ELSE
3396	!-- If initialization
3397	!-- 1.2) empty bins given bin average values
3398	IF ( init ) THEN
3399	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3400	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3401	ENDIF
3402
3403	ENDIF
3404
3405	ENDDO ! ib
3406	!
3407	!-- 2) Regime 2a: sulphate, OC, BC and sea salt
3408	!-- This is done only for initialization call, otherwise the water contents
3409	!-- are computed via condensation
3410	IF ( init ) THEN
3411	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2b
3412	!
3413	!-- Initialize
3414	zke = 1.02_wp
3415	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3416	zdold = 1.0_wp
3417	!
3418	!-- 1) Particle properties calculated for non-empty bins
3419	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3420	!
3421	!-- Volume in one particle [fxm]
3422	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3423	zvpart(1:7) = paero(ib)%volc(1:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3424	!
3425	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle [fxm]
3426	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:5) )
3427	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3428
3429	counti = 0
3430	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-12_wp )
3431
3432	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3433	zaw = zrh / zke
3434	!
3435	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3436	!-- Sulphate
3437	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3438	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3439	!-- Organic carbon
3440	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3441	!-- Nitric acid
3442	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - &
3443	6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw*2 + 5.510176187E+2_wp zaw**3 - &
3444	1.460055286E+3_wp * zaw*4 + 1.894467542E+3_wp zaw**5 - &
3445	1.220611402E+3_wp * zaw*6 + 3.098597737E+2_wp zaw**7
3446	!-- Sea salt (natrium chloride)
3447	zbinmol(5) = 5.875248E+1_wp - 1.8781997E+2_wp * zaw + 2.7211377E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3448	1.8458287E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 4.153689E+1_wp zaw**4
3449	!
3450	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air)
3451	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3452	epsoc * ( paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3453	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3 / amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6) + &
3454	( paero(ib)%volc(5) * ( arhoss / amss ) ) / zbinmol(5)
3455
3456	!-- Particle wet radius (m)
3457	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3458	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3459	!
3460	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3461	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * zdwet * ptemp ) ) )
3462
3463	counti = counti + 1
3464	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3465	message_string = 'Subrange 2: no convergence!'
3466	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0618', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3467	ENDIF
3468	ENDDO
3469	!
3470	!-- Liquid water content; instead of LWC use the volume concentration
3471	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3472	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3473	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3474
3475	ELSE
3476	!-- 2.2) empty bins given bin average values
3477	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3478	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3479	ENDIF
3480
3481	ENDDO ! ib
3482	ENDIF
3483
3484	END SUBROUTINE equilibration
3485
3486	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3487	!> Description:
3488	!> ------------
3489	!> Calculation of the settling velocity vc (m/s) per aerosol size bin and
3490	!> deposition on plant canopy (lsdepo_pcm).
3491	!
3492	!> Deposition is based on either the scheme presented in:
3493	!> Zhang et al. (2001), Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560 (includes collection due to
3494	!> Brownian diffusion, impaction, interception and sedimentation; hereafter ZO1)
3495	!> OR
3496	!> Petroff & Zhang (2010), Geosci. Model Dev. 3, 753-769 (includes also
3497	!> collection due to turbulent impaction, hereafter P10)
3498	!
3499	!> Equation numbers refer to equation in Jacobson (2005): Fundamentals of
3500	!> Atmospheric Modeling, 2nd Edition.
3501	!
3502	!> Subroutine follows closely sedim_SALSA in UCLALES-SALSA written by Juha
3503	!> Tonttila (KIT/FMI) and Zubair Maalick (UEF).
3504	!> Rewritten to PALM by Mona Kurppa (UH), 2017.
3505	!
3506	!> Call for grid point i,j,k
3507	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3508
3509	SUBROUTINE deposition( paero, tk, adn, mag_u, lad, kvis, schmidt_num, vc )
3510
3511	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
3512	ONLY: cdc
3513
3514	IMPLICIT NONE
3515
3516	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3517	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3518
3519	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3520	REAL(wp) :: avis !< molecular viscocity of air (kg/(m*s))
3521	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3522	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3523	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3524	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3525	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3526	REAL(wp) :: depo !< deposition velocity (m/s)
3527	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3528	REAL(wp) :: lambda !< molecular mean free path (m)
3529	REAL(wp) :: mdiff !< particle diffusivity coefficient
3530	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3531	!< Table 3 in Z01
3532	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3533	REAL(wp) :: pdn !< particle density (kg/m3)
3534	REAL(wp) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3535	REAL(wp) :: va !< thermal speed of an air molecule (m/s)
3536
3537	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: adn !< air density (kg/m3)
3538	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3539	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3540	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: tk !< abs.temperature (K)
3541
3542	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3543
3544	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: beta !< Cunningham slip-flow correction factor
3545	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: Kn !< Knudsen number
3546	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: zdwet !< wet diameter (m)
3547
3548	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3549	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: vc !< critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity of
3550	!< an aerosol particle (m/s)
3551
3552	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3553	!
3554	!-- Initialise
3555	depo = 0.0_wp
3556	pdn = 1500.0_wp ! default value
3557	ustar = 0.0_wp
3558	!
3559	!-- Molecular viscosity of air (Eq. 4.54)
3560	avis = 1.8325E-5_wp * ( 416.16_wp / ( tk + 120.0_wp ) ) * ( tk / 296.16_wp )**1.5_wp
3561	!
3562	!-- Kinematic viscosity (Eq. 4.55)
3563	kvis = avis / adn
3564	!
3565	!-- Thermal velocity of an air molecule (Eq. 15.32)
3566	va = SQRT( 8.0_wp * abo * tk / ( pi * am_airmol ) )
3567	!
3568	!-- Mean free path (m) (Eq. 15.24)
3569	lambda = 2.0_wp * avis / ( adn * va )
3570	!
3571	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3572	zdwet = paero(:)%dwet
3573	!
3574	!-- Knudsen number (Eq. 15.23)
3575	Kn = MAX( 1.0E-2_wp, lambda / ( zdwet * 0.5_wp ) ) ! To avoid underflow
3576	!
3577	!-- Cunningham slip-flow correction (Eq. 15.30)
3578	beta = 1.0_wp + Kn * ( 1.249_wp + 0.42_wp * EXP( -0.87_wp / Kn ) )
3579	!
3580	!-- Critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity (Eq. 20.4)
3581	vc = MIN( 1.0_wp, zdwet*2 ( pdn - adn ) * g * beta / ( 18.0_wp * avis ) )
3582	!
3583	!-- Deposition on vegetation
3584	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy .AND. lad > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3585	!
3586	!-- Parameters for the land use category 'deciduous broadleaf trees'(Table 3)
3587	alpha = alpha_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3588	gamma = gamma_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3589	par_a = A_z01(depo_pcm_type_num, season) * 1.0E-3_wp
3590	!
3591	!-- Deposition efficiencies from Table 1. Constants from Table 2.
3592	par_l = l_p10(depo_pcm_type_num) * 0.01_wp
3593	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3594	c_interception = c_in_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3595	c_impaction = c_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3596	beta_im = beta_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3597	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3598
3599	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3600
3601	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < ( 2.0_wp * nclim ) ) CYCLE
3602
3603	!-- Particle diffusivity coefficient (Eq. 15.29)
3604	mdiff = ( abo * tk * beta(ib) ) / ( 3.0_wp * pi * avis * zdwet(ib) )
3605	!
3606	!-- Particle Schmidt number (Eq. 15.36)
3607	schmidt_num(ib) = kvis / mdiff
3608	!
3609	!-- Friction velocity for deposition on vegetation. Calculated following Prandtl (1925):
3610	ustar = SQRT( cdc ) * mag_u
3611	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_par_num )
3612
3613	CASE ( 1 ) ! Zhang et al. (2001)
3614	CALL depo_vel_Z01( vc(ib), ustar, schmidt_num(ib), paero(ib)%dwet, alpha, gamma, &
3615	par_a, depo )
3616	CASE ( 2 ) ! Petroff & Zhang (2010)
3617	CALL depo_vel_P10( vc(ib), mag_u, ustar, kvis, schmidt_num(ib), paero(ib)%dwet, &
3618	par_l, c_brownian_diff, c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, &
3619	c_turb_impaction, depo )
3620	END SELECT
3621	!
3622	!-- Calculate the change in concentrations
3623	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc - depo * lad * paero(ib)%numc * dt_salsa
3624	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1
3625	paero(ib)%volc(ic) = paero(ib)%volc(ic) - depo * lad * paero(ib)%volc(ic) * dt_salsa
3626	ENDDO
3627	ENDDO
3628
3629	ENDIF
3630
3631	END SUBROUTINE deposition
3632
3633	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3634	! Description:
3635	! ------------
3636	!> Calculate deposition velocity (m/s) based on Zhan et al. (2001, case 1).
3637	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3638
3639	SUBROUTINE depo_vel_Z01( vc, ustar, schmidt_num, diameter, alpha, gamma, par_a, depo )
3640
3641	IMPLICIT NONE
3642
3643	REAL(wp) :: rs !< overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3644	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3645
3646	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3647	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3648	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic diameter of
3649	!< collectors, Table 3 in Z01
3650	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diameter !< particle diameter
3651	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3652	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3653	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3654
3655	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: depo !< deposition efficiency (m/s)
3656
3657	IF ( par_a > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3658	!
3659	!-- Initialise
3660	rs = 0.0_wp
3661	!
3662	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3663	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_a )
3664	!
3665	!-- The overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles (Zhang et al., Eq. 5)
3666	rs = MAX( EPSILON( 1.0_wp ), ( 3.0_wp * ustar * EXP( -stokes_num*0.5_wp ) &
3667	( schmidt_num( -gamma ) + ( stokes_num / ( alpha + stokes_num ) )2 + &
3668	0.5_wp * ( diameter / par_a )**2 ) ) )
3669
3670	depo = rs + vc
3671
3672	ELSE
3673	depo = 0.0_wp
3674	ENDIF
3675
3676	END SUBROUTINE depo_vel_Z01
3677
3678	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3679	! Description:
3680	! ------------
3681	!> Calculate deposition velocity (m/s) based on Petroff & Zhang (2010, case 2).
3682	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3683
3684	SUBROUTINE depo_vel_P10( vc, mag_u, ustar, kvis_a, schmidt_num, diameter, par_l, c_brownian_diff, &
3685	c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, c_turb_impaction, depo )
3686
3687	IMPLICIT NONE
3688
3689	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3690	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3691	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3692	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3693	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3694	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3695
3696	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3697	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3698	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3699	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3700	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3701	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: kvis_a !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3702	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3703	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3704	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diameter !< particle diameter
3705	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3706	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3707	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3708
3709	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: depo !< deposition efficiency (m/s)
3710
3711	IF ( par_l > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3712	!
3713	!-- Initialise
3714	tau_plus = 0.0_wp
3715	v_bd = 0.0_wp
3716	v_im = 0.0_wp
3717	v_in = 0.0_wp
3718	v_it = 0.0_wp
3719	!
3720	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3721	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_l )
3722	!
3723	!-- Non-dimensional relexation time of the particle on top of canopy
3724	tau_plus = vc * ustar*2 / ( kvis_a g )
3725	!
3726	!-- Brownian diffusion
3727	v_bd = mag_u * c_brownian_diff * schmidt_num*( -0.66666666_wp ) &
3728	( mag_u * par_l / kvis_a )**( -0.5_wp )
3729	!
3730	!-- Interception
3731	v_in = mag_u * c_interception * diameter / par_l * ( 2.0_wp + LOG( 2.0_wp * par_l / diameter ) )
3732	!
3733	!-- Impaction: Petroff (2009) Eq. 18
3734	v_im = mag_u * c_impaction * ( stokes_num / ( stokes_num + beta_im ) )**2
3735	!
3736	!-- Turbulent impaction
3737	IF ( tau_plus < 20.0_wp ) THEN
3738	v_it = 2.5E-3_wp * c_turb_impaction * tau_plus**2
3739	ELSE
3740	v_it = c_turb_impaction
3741	ENDIF
3742
3743	depo = ( v_bd + v_in + v_im + v_it + vc )
3744
3745	ELSE
3746	depo = 0.0_wp
3747	ENDIF
3748
3749	END SUBROUTINE depo_vel_P10
3750
3751	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3752	! Description:
3753	! ------------
3754	!> Calculate the dry deposition on horizontal and vertical surfaces. Implement
3755	!> as a surface flux.
3756	!> @todo aerodynamic resistance ignored for now (not important for
3757	! high-resolution simulations)
3758	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3759	SUBROUTINE depo_surf( i, j, surf, vc, schmidt_num, kvis, mag_u, norm, match_array )
3760
3761	USE arrays_3d, &
3762	ONLY: rho_air_zw
3763
3764	USE surface_mod, &
3765	ONLY: ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_type
3766
3767	IMPLICIT NONE
3768
3769	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3770	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3771	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !< additional loop index
3772	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
3773	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< loop index
3774	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_e !< End index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3775	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_s !< Start index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3776
3777	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
3778	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
3779
3780	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: norm !< to normalise or not
3781
3782	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3783	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3784	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3785	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3786	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3787	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3788	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3789	REAL(wp) :: norm_fac !< normalisation factor (usually air density)
3790	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3791	!< Table 3 in Z01
3792	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3793	REAL(wp) :: rs !< the overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3794	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3795	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3796	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3797	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3798	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3799
3800	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: depo !< deposition efficiency
3801	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: depo_sum !< sum of deposition efficiencies
3802
3803	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3804	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3805
3806	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3807	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3808
3809	TYPE(match_surface), INTENT(in), OPTIONAL :: match_array !< match the deposition module and
3810	!< LSM/USM surfaces
3811	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(inout) :: surf !< respective surface type
3812	!
3813	!-- Initialise
3814	depo = 0.0_wp
3815	depo_sum = 0.0_wp
3816	rs = 0.0_wp
3817	surf_s = surf%start_index(j,i)
3818	surf_e = surf%end_index(j,i)
3819	tau_plus = 0.0_wp
3820	v_bd = 0.0_wp
3821	v_im = 0.0_wp
3822	v_in = 0.0_wp
3823	v_it = 0.0_wp
3824	!
3825	!-- Model parameters for the land use category. If LSM or USM is applied, import
3826	!-- characteristics. Otherwise, apply surface type "urban".
3827	alpha = alpha_z01(luc_urban)
3828	gamma = gamma_z01(luc_urban)
3829	par_a = A_z01(luc_urban, season) * 1.0E-3_wp
3830
3831	par_l = l_p10(luc_urban) * 0.01_wp
3832	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(luc_urban)
3833	c_interception = c_in_p10(luc_urban)
3834	c_impaction = c_im_p10(luc_urban)
3835	beta_im = beta_im_p10(luc_urban)
3836	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(luc_urban)
3837
3838
3839	IF ( PRESENT( match_array ) ) THEN ! land or urban surface model
3840
3841	DO m = surf_s, surf_e
3842
3843	k = surf%k(m)
3844	norm_fac = 1.0_wp
3845
3846	IF ( norm ) norm_fac = rho_air_zw(k) ! normalise vertical fluxes by air density
3847
3848	IF ( match_array%match_lupg(m) > 0 ) THEN
3849	alpha = alpha_z01( match_array%match_lupg(m) )
3850	gamma = gamma_z01( match_array%match_lupg(m) )
3851	par_a = A_z01( match_array%match_lupg(m), season ) * 1.0E-3_wp
3852
3853	beta_im = beta_im_p10( match_array%match_lupg(m) )
3854	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10( match_array%match_lupg(m) )
3855	c_impaction = c_im_p10( match_array%match_lupg(m) )
3856	c_interception = c_in_p10( match_array%match_lupg(m) )
3857	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10( match_array%match_lupg(m) )
3858	par_l = l_p10( match_array%match_lupg(m) ) * 0.01_wp
3859
3860	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3861	IF ( aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) < ( 2.0_wp * nclim ) .OR. &
3862	schmidt_num(k+1,ib) < 1.0_wp ) CYCLE
3863
3864	SELECT CASE ( depo_surf_par_num )
3865
3866	CASE ( 1 )
3867	CALL depo_vel_Z01( vc(k+1,ib), surf%us(m), schmidt_num(k+1,ib), &
3868	ra_dry(k,j,i,ib), alpha, gamma, par_a, depo(ib) )
3869	CASE ( 2 )
3870	CALL depo_vel_P10( vc(k+1,ib), mag_u(k+1), surf%us(m), kvis(k+1), &
3871	schmidt_num(k+1,ib), ra_dry(k,j,i,ib), par_l, &
3872	c_brownian_diff, c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, &
3873	c_turb_impaction, depo(ib) )
3874	END SELECT
3875	ENDDO
3876	depo_sum = depo_sum + surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) * depo
3877	ENDIF
3878
3879	IF ( match_array%match_luvw(m) > 0 ) THEN
3880	alpha = alpha_z01( match_array%match_luvw(m) )
3881	gamma = gamma_z01( match_array%match_luvw(m) )
3882	par_a = A_z01( match_array%match_luvw(m), season ) * 1.0E-3_wp
3883
3884	beta_im = beta_im_p10( match_array%match_luvw(m) )
3885	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10( match_array%match_luvw(m) )
3886	c_impaction = c_im_p10( match_array%match_luvw(m) )
3887	c_interception = c_in_p10( match_array%match_luvw(m) )
3888	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10( match_array%match_luvw(m) )
3889	par_l = l_p10( match_array%match_luvw(m) ) * 0.01_wp
3890
3891	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3892	IF ( aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) < ( 2.0_wp * nclim ) .OR. &
3893	schmidt_num(k+1,ib) < 1.0_wp ) CYCLE
3894
3895	SELECT CASE ( depo_surf_par_num )
3896
3897	CASE ( 1 )
3898	CALL depo_vel_Z01( vc(k+1,ib), surf%us(m), schmidt_num(k+1,ib), &
3899	ra_dry(k,j,i,ib), alpha, gamma, par_a, depo(ib) )
3900	CASE ( 2 )
3901	CALL depo_vel_P10( vc(k+1,ib), mag_u(k+1), surf%us(m), kvis(k+1), &
3902	schmidt_num(k+1,ib), ra_dry(k,j,i,ib), par_l, &
3903	c_brownian_diff, c_interception, c_impaction, beta_im, &
3904	c_turb_impaction, depo(ib) )
3905	END SELECT
3906	ENDDO
3907	depo_sum = depo_sum + surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) * depo
3908	ENDIF
3909
3910	IF ( match_array%match_luww(m) > 0 ) THEN
3911	alpha = alpha_z01( match_array%match_luww(m) )
3912	gamma = gamma_z01( match_array%match_luww(m) )
3913	par_a = A_z01( match_array%match_luww(m), season ) * 1.0E-3_wp
3914
3915	beta_im = beta_im_p10( match_array%match_luww(m) )
3916	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10( match_array%match_luww(m) )
3917	c_impaction = c_im_p10( match_array%match_luww(m) )
3918	c_interception = c_in_p10( match_array%match_luww(m) )
3919	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10( match_array%match_luww(m) )
3920	par_l = l_p10( match_array%match_luww(m) ) * 0.01_wp
3921
3922	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3923	IF ( aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) < ( 2.0_wp * nclim ) .OR. &
3924	schmidt_num(k+1,ib) < 1.0_wp ) CYCLE
3925
3926	SELECT CASE ( depo_surf_par_num )
3927
3928	CASE ( 1 )
3929	CALL depo_vel_Z01( vc(k+1,ib), surf%us(m), schmidt_num(k+1,ib), &
3930	ra_dry(k,j,i,ib), alpha, gamma, par_a, depo(ib) )
3931	CASE ( 2 )
3932	CALL depo_vel_P10( vc(k+1,ib), mag_u(k+1), surf%us(m), kvis(k+1), &
3933	schmidt_num(k+1,ib), ra_dry(k,j,i,ib), par_l, &
3934	c_