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salsa_mod.f90 @ 3872

Last change on this file since 3872 was 3872, checked in by knoop, 4 years ago
Including last commit, salsa dependency for advec_ws removed
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 475.9 KB

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1	!> @file salsa_mod.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM-4U.
4	!
5	! PALM-4U is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM-4U is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2018-2018 University of Helsinki
18	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
19	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
20	!
21	! Current revisions:
22	! -----------------
23	!
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: salsa_mod.f90 3872 2019-04-08 15:03:06Z knoop $
28	! Introduced salsa_actions module interface
29	!
30	! 3871 2019-04-08 14:38:39Z knoop
31	! Major changes in formatting, performance and data input structure (see branch
32	! the history for details)
33	! - Time-dependent emissions enabled: lod=1 for yearly PM emissions that are
34	! normalised depending on the time, and lod=2 for preprocessed emissions
35	! (similar to the chemistry module).
36	! - Additionally, 'uniform' emissions allowed. This emission is set constant on
37	! all horisontal upward facing surfaces and it is created based on parameters
38	! surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg/sigmag/mass_fracs_a/mass_fracs_b.
39	! - All emissions are now implemented as surface fluxes! No 3D sources anymore.
40	! - Update the emission information by calling salsa_emission_update if
41	! skip_time_do_salsa >= time_since_reference_point and
42	! next_aero_emission_update <= time_since_reference_point
43	! - Aerosol background concentrations read from PIDS_DYNAMIC. The vertical grid
44	! must match the one applied in the model.
45	! - Gas emissions and background concentrations can be also read in in salsa_mod
46	! if the chemistry module is not applied.
47	! - In deposition, information on the land use type can be now imported from
48	! the land use model
49	! - Use SI units in PARIN, i.e. n_lognorm given in #/m3 and dpg in metres.
50	! - Apply 100 character line limit
51	! - Change all variable names from capital to lowercase letter
52	! - Change real exponents to integer if possible. If not, precalculate the value
53	! value of exponent
54	! - Rename in1a to start_subrange_1a, fn2a to end_subrange_1a etc.
55	! - Rename nbins --> nbins_aerosol, ncc_tot --> ncomponents_mass and ngast -->
56	! ngases_salsa
57	! - Rename ibc to index_bc, idu to index_du etc.
58	! - Renamed loop indices b, c and sg to ib, ic and ig
59	! - run_salsa subroutine removed
60	! - Corrected a bud in salsa_driver: falsely applied ino instead of inh
61	! - Call salsa_tendency within salsa_prognostic_equations which is called in
62	! module_interface_mod instead of prognostic_equations_mod
63	! - Removed tailing white spaces and unused variables
64	! - Change error message to start by PA instead of SA
65	!
66	! 3833 2019-03-28 15:04:04Z forkel
67	! added USE chem_gasphase_mod for nvar, nspec and spc_names
68	!
69	! 3787 2019-03-07 08:43:54Z raasch
70	! unused variables removed
71	!
72	! 3780 2019-03-05 11:19:45Z forkel
73	! unused variable for file index removed from rrd-subroutines parameter list
74	!
75	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
76	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
77	!
78	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
79	! Implementation of the PALM module interface
80	!
81	! 3636 2018-12-19 13:48:34Z raasch
82	! nopointer option removed
83	!
84	! 3630 2018-12-17 11:04:17Z knoop
85	! - Moved the control parameter "salsa" from salsa_mod.f90 to control_parameters
86	! - Updated salsa_rrd_local and salsa_wrd_local
87	! - Add target attribute
88	! - Revise initialization in case of restarts
89	! - Revise masked data output
90	!
91	! 3582 2018-11-29 19:16:36Z suehring
92	! missing comma separator inserted
93	!
94	! 3483 2018-11-02 14:19:26Z raasch
95	! bugfix: directives added to allow compilation without netCDF
96	!
97	! 3481 2018-11-02 09:14:13Z raasch
98	! temporary variable cc introduced to circumvent a possible Intel18 compiler bug
99	! related to contiguous/non-contguous pointer/target attributes
100	!
101	! 3473 2018-10-30 20:50:15Z suehring
102	! NetCDF input routine renamed
103	!
104	! 3467 2018-10-30 19:05:21Z suehring
105	! Initial revision
106	!
107	! 3412 2018-10-24 07:25:57Z monakurppa
108	!
109	! Authors:
110	! --------
111	! @author Mona Kurppa (University of Helsinki)
112	!
113	!
114	! Description:
115	! ------------
116	!> Sectional aerosol module for large scale applications SALSA
117	!> (Kokkola et al., 2008, ACP 8, 2469-2483). Solves the aerosol number and mass
118	!> concentration as well as chemical composition. Includes aerosol dynamic
119	!> processes: nucleation, condensation/evaporation of vapours, coagulation and
120	!> deposition on tree leaves, ground and roofs.
121	!> Implementation is based on formulations implemented in UCLALES-SALSA except
122	!> for deposition which is based on parametrisations by Zhang et al. (2001,
123	!> Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560) or Petroff&Zhang (2010, Geosci. Model Dev. 3,
124	!> 753-769)
125	!>
126	!> @todo Apply information from emission_stack_height to lift emission sources
127	!> @todo emission mode "parameterized", i.e. based on street type
128	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
129	MODULE salsa_mod
130
131	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
132	ONLY: c_p, g, p_0, pi, r_d
133
134	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
135	ONLY: nspec, nvar, spc_names
136
137	USE chemistry_model_mod, &
138	ONLY: chem_species
139
140	USE chem_modules, &
141	ONLY: call_chem_at_all_substeps, chem_gasphase_on
142
143	USE control_parameters
144
145	USE indices, &
146	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb, &
147	nzb_s_inner, nz, nzt, wall_flags_0
148
149	USE kinds
150
151	USE pegrid
152
153	USE salsa_util_mod
154
155	USE statistics, &
156	ONLY: sums_salsa_ws_l
157
158	IMPLICIT NONE
159	!
160	!-- SALSA constants:
161	!
162	!-- Local constants:
163	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: luc_urban = 8 !< default landuse type for urban: use desert!
164	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: ngases_salsa = 5 !< total number of gaseous tracers:
165	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV
166	!< (non-volatile OC), 5 = OCSV (semi-volatile)
167	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nmod = 7 !< number of modes for initialising the aerosol size
168	!< distribution
169	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nreg = 2 !< Number of main size subranges
170	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: maxspec = 7 !< Max. number of aerosol species
171	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: season = 1 !< For dry depostion by Zhang et al.: 1 = summer,
172	!< 2 = autumn (no harvest yet), 3 = late autumn
173	!< (already frost), 4 = winter, 5 = transitional spring
174	!
175	!-- Universal constants
176	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: abo = 1.380662E-23_wp !< Boltzmann constant (J/K)
177	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv = 2.260E+6_wp !< latent heat for H2O
178	!< vaporisation (J/kg)
179	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv_d_rv = 4896.96865_wp !< alv / rv
180	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: am_airmol = 4.8096E-26_wp !< Average mass of one air
181	!< molecule (Jacobson,
182	!< 2005, Eq. 2.3)
183	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: api6 = 0.5235988_wp !< pi / 6
184	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas = 8.314409_wp !< Gas constant (J/(mol K))
185	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas_d_cpd = 8.281283865E-3_wp !< argas per cpd
186	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: avo = 6.02214E+23_wp !< Avogadro constant (1/mol)
187	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: d_sa = 5.539376964394570E-10_wp !< diameter of condensing sulphuric
188	!< acid molecule (m)
189	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: for_ppm_to_nconc = 7.243016311E+16_wp !< ppm * avo / R (K/(Pa*m3))
190	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: epsoc = 0.15_wp !< water uptake of organic
191	!< material
192	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: mclim = 1.0E-23_wp !< mass concentration min limit (kg/m3)
193	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: n3 = 158.79_wp !< Number of H2SO4 molecules in 3 nm cluster
194	!< if d_sa=5.54e-10m
195	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: nclim = 1.0_wp !< number concentration min limit (#/m3)
196	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: surfw0 = 0.073_wp !< surface tension of water at 293 K (J/m2)
197	!
198	!-- Molar masses in kg/mol
199	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: ambc = 12.0E-3_wp !< black carbon (BC)
200	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdair = 28.970E-3_wp !< dry air
201	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdu = 100.E-3_wp !< mineral dust
202	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2o = 18.0154E-3_wp !< H2O
203	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2so4 = 98.06E-3_wp !< H2SO4
204	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amhno3 = 63.01E-3_wp !< HNO3
205	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amn2o = 44.013E-3_wp !< N2O
206	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amnh3 = 17.031E-3_wp !< NH3
207	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo2 = 31.9988E-3_wp !< O2
208	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo3 = 47.998E-3_wp !< O3
209	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amoc = 150.E-3_wp !< organic carbon (OC)
210	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amss = 58.44E-3_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
211	!
212	!-- Densities in kg/m3
213	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhobc = 2000.0_wp !< black carbon
214	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhodu = 2650.0_wp !< mineral dust
215	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2o = 1000.0_wp !< H2O
216	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2so4 = 1830.0_wp !< SO4
217	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhohno3 = 1479.0_wp !< HNO3
218	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhonh3 = 1530.0_wp !< NH3
219	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhooc = 2000.0_wp !< organic carbon
220	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoss = 2165.0_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
221	!
222	!-- Volume of molecule in m3/#
223	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2o = amh2o /avo / arhoh2o !< H2O
224	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2so4 = amh2so4 / avo / arhoh2so4 !< SO4
225	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvhno3 = amhno3 / avo / arhohno3 !< HNO3
226	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvnh3 = amnh3 / avo / arhonh3 !< NH3
227	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvoc = amoc / avo / arhooc !< OC
228	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvss = amss / avo / arhoss !< sea salt
229	!
230	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Petroff and Zhang (2010):
231	!-- obstacle characteristic dimension "L" (cm) (plane obstacle by default) and empirical constants
232	!-- C_B, C_IN, C_IM, beta_IM and C_IT for each land use category (15, as in Zhang et al. (2001))
233	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: l_p10 = &
234	(/0.15, 4.0, 0.15, 3.0, 3.0, 0.5, 3.0, -99., 0.5, 2.0, 1.0, -99., -99., -99., 3.0/)
235	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_b_p10 = &
236	(/0.887, 1.262, 0.887, 1.262, 1.262, 0.996, 0.996, -99., 0.7, 0.93, 0.996, -99., -99., -99., 1.262/)
237	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_in_p10 = &
238	(/0.81, 0.216, 0.81, 0.216, 0.216, 0.191, 0.162, -99., 0.7, 0.14, 0.162, -99., -99., -99., 0.216/)
239	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_im_p10 = &
240	(/0.162, 0.13, 0.162, 0.13, 0.13, 0.191, 0.081, -99., 0.191, 0.086, 0.081, -99., -99., -99., 0.13/)
241	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: beta_im_p10 = &
242	(/0.6, 0.47, 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, -99., 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, -99., -99., -99., 0.47/)
243	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_it_p10 = &
244	(/0.0, 0.056, 0.0, 0.056, 0.056, 0.042, 0.056, -99., 0.042, 0.014, 0.056, -99., -99., -99., 0.056/)
245	!
246	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Zhang et al. (2001):
247	!-- empirical constants "alpha" and "gamma" and characteristic radius "A" for
248	!-- each land use category (15) and season (5)
249	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: alpha_z01 = &
250	(/1.0, 0.6, 1.1, 0.8, 0.8, 1.2, 1.2, 50.0, 50.0, 1.3, 2.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0, 1.5/)
251	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: gamma_z01 = &
252	(/0.56, 0.58, 0.56, 0.56, 0.56, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.50, 0.50, 0.56/)
253	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15,1:5), PARAMETER :: A_z01 = RESHAPE( (/&
254	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC1
255	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC2
256	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC3
257	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC4
258	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0 & ! SC5
259	/), (/ 15, 5 /) )
260	!-- Land use categories (based on Z01 but the same applies here also for P10):
261	!-- 1 = evergreen needleleaf trees,
262	!-- 2 = evergreen broadleaf trees,
263	!-- 3 = deciduous needleleaf trees,
264	!-- 4 = deciduous broadleaf trees,
265	!-- 5 = mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees (deciduous broadleaf trees for P10),
266	!-- 6 = grass (short grass for P10),
267	!-- 7 = crops, mixed farming,
268	!-- 8 = desert,
269	!-- 9 = tundra,
270	!-- 10 = shrubs and interrupted woodlands (thorn shrubs for P10),
271	!-- 11 = wetland with plants (long grass for P10)
272	!-- 12 = ice cap and glacier,
273	!-- 13 = inland water (inland lake for P10)
274	!-- 14 = ocean (water for P10),
275	!-- 15 = urban
276	!
277	!-- SALSA variables:
278	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_b = 'neumann' !< bottom boundary condition
279	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_t = 'neumann' !< top boundary condition
280	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
281	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_type = 'deciduous_broadleaf' !< leaf type
282	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_surf_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
283	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_dynamic = 'PIDS_DYNAMIC' !< file name for dynamic input
284	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_salsa = 'PIDS_SALSA' !< file name for emission data
285	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: salsa_emission_mode = 'no_emission' !< 'no_emission', 'uniform',
286	!< 'parameterized', 'read_from_file'
287
288	CHARACTER(LEN=20), DIMENSION(4) :: decycle_method = &
289	(/'dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet'/)
290	!< Decycling method at horizontal boundaries
291	!< 1=left, 2=right, 3=south, 4=north
292	!< dirichlet = initial profiles for the ghost and first 3 layers
293	!< neumann = zero gradient
294
295	CHARACTER(LEN=3), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: listspec = & !< Active aerosols
296	(/'SO4',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '/)
297
298	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_type_num = 0 !< index for the dry deposition type on the plant canopy
299	INTEGER(iwp) :: dots_salsa = 0 !< starting index for salsa-timeseries
300	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_1a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 1a
301	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2a
302	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2b = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2b
303	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_b !< index for the bottom boundary condition
304	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_t !< index for the top boundary condition
305	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_bc = -1 !< index for black carbon (BC)
306	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_du = -1 !< index for dust
307	INTEGER(iwp) :: igctyp = 0 !< Initial gas concentration type
308	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
309	!< 1 = read vertical profile from an input file
310	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_nh = -1 !< index for NH3
311	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_no = -1 !< index for HNO3
312	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_oc = -1 !< index for organic carbon (OC)
313	INTEGER(iwp) :: isdtyp = 0 !< Initial size distribution type
314	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
315	!< 1 = read vertical profile of the mode number
316	!< concentration from an input file
317	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_so4 = -1 !< index for SO4 or H2SO4
318	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_ss = -1 !< index for sea salt
319	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_gas_emissions = 0 !< level of detail of the gaseous emission data
320	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins_aerosol = 1 !< total number of size bins
321	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 1 !< number of chemical components used
322	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomponents_mass = 1 !< total number of chemical compounds (ncc+1)
323	!< if particle water is advected)
324	INTEGER(iwp) :: nj3 = 1 !< J3 parametrization (nucleation)
325	!< 1 = condensational sink (Kerminen&Kulmala, 2002)
326	!< 2 = coagulational sink (Lehtinen et al. 2007)
327	!< 3 = coagS+self-coagulation (Anttila et al. 2010)
328	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsnucl = 0 !< Choice of the nucleation scheme:
329	!< 0 = off
330	!< 1 = binary nucleation
331	!< 2 = activation type nucleation
332	!< 3 = kinetic nucleation
333	!< 4 = ternary nucleation
334	!< 5 = nucleation with ORGANICs
335	!< 6 = activation type of nucleation with H2SO4+ORG
336	!< 7 = heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
337	!< 8 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4
338	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
339	!< 9 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and ORG
340	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
341	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_1a = 1 !< start index for bin subranges: subrange 1a
342	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2a = 1 !< subrange 2a
343	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2b = 1 !< subrange 2b
344
345	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nreg) :: nbin = (/ 3, 7/) !< Number of size bins per subrange: 1 & 2
346
347	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: gas_index_chem = &
348	(/ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1/) !< gas indices in chemistry_model_mod
349	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV, 5 = OCSV
350	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: emission_index_chem !< gas indices in the gas emission file
351
352	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_topo_top !< vertical index of the topography top
353	!
354	!-- SALSA switches:
355	LOGICAL :: advect_particle_water = .TRUE. !< advect water concentration of particles
356	LOGICAL :: decycle_lr = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundary conditions: left and right
357	LOGICAL :: decycle_ns = .FALSE. !< north and south boundaries
358	LOGICAL :: feedback_to_palm = .FALSE. !< allow feedback due to condensation of H2O
359	LOGICAL :: nest_salsa = .FALSE. !< apply nesting for salsa
360	LOGICAL :: no_insoluble = .FALSE. !< Switch to exclude insoluble chemical components
361	LOGICAL :: read_restart_data_salsa = .FALSE. !< read restart data for salsa
362	LOGICAL :: salsa_gases_from_chem = .FALSE. !< Transfer the gaseous components to SALSA from
363	!< from chemistry model
364	LOGICAL :: van_der_waals_coagc = .FALSE. !< Enhancement of coagulation kernel by van der
365	!< Waals and viscous forces
366	LOGICAL :: write_binary_salsa = .FALSE. !< read binary for salsa
367	!
368	!-- Process switches: nl* is read from the NAMELIST and is NOT changed.
369	!-- ls* is the switch used and will get the value of nl*
370	!-- except for special circumstances (spinup period etc.)
371	LOGICAL :: nlcoag = .FALSE. !< Coagulation master switch
372	LOGICAL :: lscoag = .FALSE. !<
373	LOGICAL :: nlcnd = .FALSE. !< Condensation master switch
374	LOGICAL :: lscnd = .FALSE. !<
375	LOGICAL :: nlcndgas = .FALSE. !< Condensation of precursor gases
376	LOGICAL :: lscndgas = .FALSE. !<
377	LOGICAL :: nlcndh2oae = .FALSE. !< Condensation of H2O on aerosol
378	LOGICAL :: lscndh2oae = .FALSE. !< particles (FALSE -> equilibrium calc.)
379	LOGICAL :: nldepo = .FALSE. !< Deposition master switch
380	LOGICAL :: lsdepo = .FALSE. !<
381	LOGICAL :: nldepo_surf = .FALSE. !< Deposition on vegetation master switch
382	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_surf = .FALSE. !<
383	LOGICAL :: nldepo_pcm = .FALSE. !< Deposition on walls master switch
384	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE. !<
385	LOGICAL :: nldistupdate = .TRUE. !< Size distribution update master switch
386	LOGICAL :: lsdistupdate = .FALSE. !<
387	LOGICAL :: lspartition = .FALSE. !< Partition of HNO3 and NH3
388
389	REAL(wp) :: act_coeff = 1.0E-7_wp !< Activation coefficient
390	REAL(wp) :: dt_salsa = 0.00001_wp !< Time step of SALSA
391	REAL(wp) :: h2so4_init = nclim !< Init value for sulphuric acid gas
392	REAL(wp) :: hno3_init = nclim !< Init value for nitric acid gas
393	REAL(wp) :: last_salsa_time = 0.0_wp !< previous salsa call
394	REAL(wp) :: next_aero_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
395	REAL(wp) :: next_gas_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
396	REAL(wp) :: nf2a = 1.0_wp !< Number fraction allocated to 2a-bins
397	REAL(wp) :: nh3_init = nclim !< Init value for ammonia gas
398	REAL(wp) :: ocnv_init = nclim !< Init value for non-volatile organic gases
399	REAL(wp) :: ocsv_init = nclim !< Init value for semi-volatile organic gases
400	REAL(wp) :: rhlim = 1.20_wp !< RH limit in %/100. Prevents unrealistical RH
401	REAL(wp) :: skip_time_do_salsa = 0.0_wp !< Starting time of SALSA (s)
402	!
403	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres),
404	!-- standard deviation (sigmag) and concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3)
405	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: dpg = &
406	(/0.013_wp, 0.054_wp, 0.86_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp/)
407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: sigmag = &
408	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
409	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: n_lognorm = &
410	(/1.04e+11_wp, 3.23E+10_wp, 5.4E+6_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
411	!
412	!-- Initial mass fractions / chemical composition of the size distribution
413	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_a = & !< mass fractions between
414	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for A bins
415	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_b = & !< mass fractions between
416	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for B bins
417	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nreg+1) :: reglim = & !< Min&max diameters of size subranges
418	(/ 3.0E-9_wp, 5.0E-8_wp, 1.0E-5_wp/)
419	!
420	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres), standard deviation (sigmag)
421	!-- concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3) and mass fractions of all chemical components (listed in
422	!-- listspec) for both a (soluble) and b (insoluble) bins.
423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_dpg = &
424	(/0.013_wp, 0.054_wp, 0.86_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp/)
425	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_sigmag = &
426	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
427	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: surface_aerosol_flux = &
428	(/1.04e+11_wp, 3.23E+10_wp, 5.4E+6_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
429	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a = &
430	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
431	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b = &
432	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
433
434	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bin_low_limits !< to deliver information about
435	!< the lower diameters per bin
436	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_am_t_val !< vertical gradient of: aerosol mass
437	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_an_t_val !< of: aerosol number
438	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_gt_t_val !< salsa gases near domain top
439	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: gas_emission_time !< Time array in gas emission data (s)
440	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsect !< Background number concentrations
441	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: massacc !< Mass accomodation coefficients
442	!
443	!-- SALSA derived datatypes:
444	!
445	!-- For matching LSM and the deposition module surface types
446	TYPE match_lsm_depo
447	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match
448	END TYPE match_lsm_depo
449	!
450	!-- Aerosol emission data attributes
451	TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
452
453	CHARACTER(LEN=25) :: units
454
455	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_name !<
456	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !<
457	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: unit_time !<
458	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !<
459
460	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod = 0 !< level of detail
461	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins = 10 !< number of aerosol size bins
462	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncat = 0 !< number of emission categories
463	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 7 !< number of aerosol chemical components
464	INTEGER(iwp) :: nhoursyear = 0 !< number of hours: HOURLY mode
465	INTEGER(iwp) :: nmonthdayhour = 0 !< number of month days and hours: MDH mode
466	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
467	INTEGER(iwp) :: nt = 0 !< number of time steps
468	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz = 0 !< number of vertical levels
469	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind !< time index for reference time in salsa emission data
470
471	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_input_to_model !<
472
473	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_index !< Index of emission categories
474	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_index !< Index of chemical components
475
476	REAL(wp) :: conversion_factor !< unit conversion factor for aerosol emissions
477
478	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: dmid !< mean diameters of size bins (m)
479	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: rho !< average density (kg/m3)
480	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time !< time (s)
481	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time_factor !< emission time factor
482	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: z !< height (m)
483
484	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: etf !< emission time factor
485	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: stack_height
486
487	END TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
488	!
489	!-- The default size distribution and mass composition per emission category:
490	!-- 1 = traffic, 2 = road dust, 3 = wood combustion, 4 = other
491	!-- Mass fractions: H2SO4, OC, BC, DU, SS, HNO3, NH3
492	TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
493
494	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndm = 3 !< number of default modes
495	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndc = 4 !< number of default categories
496
497	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_name_table = (/'traffic exhaust', &
498	'road dust ', &
499	'wood combustion', &
500	'other '/)
501
502	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_input_to_model !<
503
504	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: dpg_table = (/ 13.5E-9_wp, 1.4E-6_wp, 5.4E-8_wp/) !<
505	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ntot_table !<
506	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: sigmag_table = (/ 1.6_wp, 1.4_wp, 1.7_wp /) !<
507
508	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:maxspec,1:4) :: mass_frac_table = & !<
509	RESHAPE( (/ 0.04_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
510	0.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.95_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
511	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
512	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp &
513	/), (/maxspec,4/) )
514
515	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3,1:4) :: pm_frac_table = & !< rel. mass
516	RESHAPE( (/ 0.016_wp, 0.000_wp, 0.984_wp, &
517	0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, &
518	0.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, &
519	1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp &
520	/), (/3,4/) )
521
522	END TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
523	!
524	!-- Aerosol emission data values
525	TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
526
527	REAL(wp) :: fill !< fill value
528
529	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_mass_fracs !< mass fractions
530
531	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_mass_fracs !< mass fractions per emis. category
532
533	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_data !< surface emission values in PM
534	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_data !< surface emission values per bin
535
536	END TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
537	!
538	!-- Prognostic variable: Aerosol size bin information (number (#/m3) and mass (kg/m3) concentration)
539	!-- and the concentration of gaseous tracers (#/m3). Gas tracers are contained sequentially in
540	!-- dimension 4 as:
541	!-- 1. H2SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV (non-volatile organics), 5. OCSV (semi-volatile)
542	TYPE salsa_variable
543
544	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: init !<
545
546	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: diss_s !<
547	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: flux_s !<
548	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: source !<
549	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: sums_ws_l !<
550
551	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: diss_l !<
552	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: flux_l !<
553
554	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: conc !<
555	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: conc_p !<
556	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: tconc_m !<
557
558	END TYPE salsa_variable
559	!
560	!-- Datatype used to store information about the binned size distributions of aerosols
561	TYPE t_section
562
563	REAL(wp) :: dmid !< bin middle diameter (m)
564	REAL(wp) :: vhilim !< bin volume at the high limit
565	REAL(wp) :: vlolim !< bin volume at the low limit
566	REAL(wp) :: vratiohi !< volume ratio between the center and high limit
567	REAL(wp) :: vratiolo !< volume ratio between the center and low limit
568	!******************************************************
569	! ^ Do NOT change the stuff above after initialization !
570	!******************************************************
571	REAL(wp) :: core !< Volume of dry particle
572	REAL(wp) :: dwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter (m)
573	REAL(wp) :: numc !< Number concentration of particles/droplets (#/m3)
574	REAL(wp) :: veqh2o !< Equilibrium H2O concentration for each particle
575
576	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec+1) :: volc !< Volume concentrations (m^3/m^3) of aerosols +
577	!< water. Since most of the stuff in SALSA is hard
578	!< coded, these have to be in the order
579	!< 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
580	END TYPE t_section
581
582	TYPE(salsa_emission_attribute_type) :: aero_emission_att !< emission attributes
583	TYPE(salsa_emission_value_type) :: aero_emission !< emission values
584	TYPE(salsa_emission_mode_type) :: def_modes !< default emission modes
585
586	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: aero !< local aerosol properties
587
588	TYPE(match_lsm_depo) :: lsm_to_depo_h
589
590	TYPE(match_lsm_depo), DIMENSION(0:3) :: lsm_to_depo_v
591	!
592	!-- SALSA variables: as x = x(k,j,i,bin).
593	!-- The 4th dimension contains all the size bins sequentially for each aerosol species + water.
594	!
595	!-- Prognostic variables:
596	!
597	!-- Number concentration (#/m3)
598	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: aerosol_number !<
599	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_1 !<
600	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_2 !<
601	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_3 !<
602	!
603	!-- Mass concentration (kg/m3)
604	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: aerosol_mass !<
605	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_1 !<
606	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_2 !<
607	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_3 !<
608	!
609	!-- Gaseous concentrations (#/m3)
610	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: salsa_gas !<
611	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_1 !<
612	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_2 !<
613	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_3 !<
614	!
615	!-- Diagnostic tracers
616	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:) :: sedim_vd !< sedimentation velocity per bin (m/s)
617	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:) :: ra_dry !< aerosol dry radius (m)
618
619	!-- Particle component index tables
620	TYPE(component_index) :: prtcl !< Contains "getIndex" which gives the index for a given aerosol
621	!< component name: 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
622	!
623	!-- Data output arrays:
624	!
625	!-- Gases:
626	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_h2so4_av !< H2SO4
627	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_hno3_av !< HNO3
628	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_nh3_av !< NH3
629	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_ocnv_av !< non-volatile OC
630	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_ocsv_av !< semi-volatile OC
631	!
632	!-- Integrated:
633	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: ldsa_av !< lung-deposited surface area
634	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: ntot_av !< total number concentration
635	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: pm25_av !< PM2.5
636	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: pm10_av !< PM10
637	!
638	!-- In the particle phase:
639	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_bc_av !< black carbon
640	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_du_av !< dust
641	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_h2o_av !< liquid water
642	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_nh_av !< ammonia
643	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_no_av !< nitrates
644	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_oc_av !< org. carbon
645	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_so4_av !< sulphates
646	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_ss_av !< sea salt
647	!
648	!-- Bin specific mass and number concentrations:
649	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mbins_av !< bin mas
650	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nbins_av !< bin number
651
652	!
653	!-- PALM interfaces:
654	!
655	!-- Boundary conditions:
656	INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
657	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds
658	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds_decycle
659	END INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
660	!
661	!-- Data output checks for 2D/3D data to be done in check_parameters
662	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
663	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output
664	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
665	!
666	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
667	INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
668	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_parameters
669	END INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
670	!
671	!-- Averaging of 3D data for output
672	INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
673	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_3d_data_averaging
674	END INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
675	!
676	!-- Data output of 2D quantities
677	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
678	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_2d
679	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
680	!
681	!-- Data output of 3D data
682	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
683	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_3d
684	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
685	!
686	!-- Data output of 3D data
687	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
688	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_mask
689	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
690	!
691	!-- Definition of data output quantities
692	INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
693	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
694	END INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
695	!
696	!-- Output of information to the header file
697	INTERFACE salsa_header
698	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_header
699	END INTERFACE salsa_header
700	!
701	!-- Initialization actions
702	INTERFACE salsa_init
703	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init
704	END INTERFACE salsa_init
705	!
706	!-- Initialization of arrays
707	INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
708	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init_arrays
709	END INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
710	!
711	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs !!! renaming?!
712	INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
713	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_wrd_local
714	END INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
715	!
716	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
717	INTERFACE salsa_parin
718	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_parin
719	END INTERFACE salsa_parin
720	!
721	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
722	INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
723	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_rrd_local
724	END INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
725	!
726	!-- Swapping of time levels (required for prognostic variables)
727	INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
728	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_swap_timelevel
729	END INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
730	!
731	!-- Interface between PALM and salsa
732	INTERFACE salsa_driver
733	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_driver
734	END INTERFACE salsa_driver
735
736	!-- Actions salsa variables
737	INTERFACE salsa_actions
738	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions
739	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions_ij
740	END INTERFACE salsa_actions
741	!
742	!-- Prognostics equations for salsa variables
743	INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
744	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations
745	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations_ij
746	END INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
747	!
748	!-- Tendency salsa variables
749	INTERFACE salsa_tendency
750	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency
751	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency_ij
752	END INTERFACE salsa_tendency
753
754
755	SAVE
756
757	PRIVATE
758	!
759	!-- Public functions:
760	PUBLIC salsa_boundary_conds, salsa_check_data_output, salsa_check_parameters, &
761	salsa_3d_data_averaging, salsa_data_output_2d, salsa_data_output_3d, &
762	salsa_data_output_mask, salsa_define_netcdf_grid, salsa_diagnostics, salsa_driver, &
763	salsa_emission_update, salsa_header, salsa_init, salsa_init_arrays, salsa_parin, &
764	salsa_rrd_local, salsa_swap_timelevel, salsa_prognostic_equations, salsa_wrd_local, &
765	salsa_actions
766	!
767	!-- Public parameters, constants and initial values
768	PUBLIC bc_am_t_val, bc_an_t_val, bc_gt_t_val, dots_salsa, dt_salsa, &
769	ibc_salsa_b, last_salsa_time, lsdepo, nest_salsa, salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem, &
770	skip_time_do_salsa
771	!
772	!-- Public prognostic variables
773	PUBLIC aerosol_mass, aerosol_number, gconc_2, mconc_2, nbins_aerosol, ncc, ncomponents_mass, &
774	nclim, nconc_2, ngases_salsa, prtcl, ra_dry, salsa_gas, sedim_vd
775
776
777	CONTAINS
778
779	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
780	! Description:
781	! ------------
782	!> Parin for &salsa_par for new modules
783	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
784	SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
785
786	IMPLICIT NONE
787
788	CHARACTER(LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line
789	!< of the parameter file
790
791	NAMELIST /salsa_parameters/ aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a, &
792	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b, aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
793	advect_particle_water, bc_salsa_b, bc_salsa_t, decycle_lr, &
794	decycle_method, decycle_ns, depo_pcm_par, depo_pcm_type, &
795	depo_surf_par, dpg, dt_salsa, feedback_to_palm, h2so4_init, &
796	hno3_init, igctyp, isdtyp, listspec, mass_fracs_a, &
797	mass_fracs_b, n_lognorm, nbin, nest_salsa, nf2a, nh3_init, &
798	nj3, nlcnd, nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae, nlcoag, nldepo, nldepo_pcm, &
799	nldepo_surf, nldistupdate, nsnucl, ocnv_init, ocsv_init, &
800	read_restart_data_salsa, reglim, salsa, salsa_emission_mode, &
801	sigmag, skip_time_do_salsa, surface_aerosol_flux, &
802	van_der_waals_coagc, write_binary_salsa
803
804	line = ' '
805	!
806	!-- Try to find salsa package
807	REWIND ( 11 )
808	line = ' '
809	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&salsa_parameters' ) == 0 )
810	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
811	ENDDO
812	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
813	!
814	!-- Read user-defined namelist
815	READ ( 11, salsa_parameters )
816	!
817	!-- Enable salsa (salsa switch in modules.f90)
818	salsa = .TRUE.
819
820	10 CONTINUE
821
822	END SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
823
824	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
825	! Description:
826	! ------------
827	!> Check parameters routine for salsa.
828	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
829	SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
830
831	USE control_parameters, &
832	ONLY: message_string
833
834	IMPLICIT NONE
835
836	!
837	!-- Checks go here (cf. check_parameters.f90).
838	IF ( salsa .AND. .NOT. humidity ) THEN
839	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'salsa = ', salsa, ' is not allowed with humidity = ', humidity
840	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0594', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
841	ENDIF
842
843	IF ( bc_salsa_b == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
844	ibc_salsa_b = 0
845	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_b == 'neumann' ) THEN
846	ibc_salsa_b = 1
847	ELSE
848	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_b = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
849	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0595', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
850	ENDIF
851
852	IF ( bc_salsa_t == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
853	ibc_salsa_t = 0
854	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'neumann' ) THEN
855	ibc_salsa_t = 1
856	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'nested' ) THEN
857	ibc_salsa_t = 2
858	ELSE
859	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_t = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
860	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0596', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
861	ENDIF
862
863	IF ( nj3 < 1 .OR. nj3 > 3 ) THEN
864	message_string = 'unknown nj3 (must be 1-3)'
865	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0597', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
866	ENDIF
867
868	IF ( salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' .AND. ibc_salsa_b == 0 ) THEN
869	message_string = 'salsa_emission_mode == read_from_file requires bc_salsa_b = "Neumann"'
870	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters','PA0598', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
871	ENDIF
872
873	END SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
874
875	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
876	!
877	! Description:
878	! ------------
879	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
880	!> It is called out from subroutine netcdf.
881	!> Same grid as for other scalars (see netcdf_interface_mod.f90)
882	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
883	SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
884
885	IMPLICIT NONE
886
887	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !<
888	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !<
889	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !<
890	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !<
891
892	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
893
894	found = .TRUE.
895	!
896	!-- Check for the grid
897
898	IF ( var(1:2) == 'g_' ) THEN
899	grid_x = 'x'
900	grid_y = 'y'
901	grid_z = 'zu'
902	ELSEIF ( var(1:4) == 'LDSA' ) THEN
903	grid_x = 'x'
904	grid_y = 'y'
905	grid_z = 'zu'
906	ELSEIF ( var(1:5) == 'm_bin' ) THEN
907	grid_x = 'x'
908	grid_y = 'y'
909	grid_z = 'zu'
910	ELSEIF ( var(1:5) == 'N_bin' ) THEN
911	grid_x = 'x'
912	grid_y = 'y'
913	grid_z = 'zu'
914	ELSEIF ( var(1:4) == 'Ntot' ) THEN
915	grid_x = 'x'
916	grid_y = 'y'
917	grid_z = 'zu'
918	ELSEIF ( var(1:2) == 'PM' ) THEN
919	grid_x = 'x'
920	grid_y = 'y'
921	grid_z = 'zu'
922	ELSEIF ( var(1:2) == 's_' ) THEN
923	grid_x = 'x'
924	grid_y = 'y'
925	grid_z = 'zu'
926	ELSE
927	found = .FALSE.
928	grid_x = 'none'
929	grid_y = 'none'
930	grid_z = 'none'
931	ENDIF
932
933	END SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
934
935	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
936	! Description:
937	! ------------
938	!> Header output for new module
939	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
940	SUBROUTINE salsa_header( io )
941
942	IMPLICIT NONE
943
944	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
945	!
946	!-- Write SALSA header
947	WRITE( io, 1 )
948	WRITE( io, 2 ) skip_time_do_salsa
949	WRITE( io, 3 ) dt_salsa
950	WRITE( io, 4 ) SHAPE( aerosol_number(1)%conc ), nbins_aerosol
951	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
952	WRITE( io, 5 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol, &
953	advect_particle_water
954	ELSE
955	WRITE( io, 5 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ncc*nbins_aerosol, advect_particle_water
956	ENDIF
957	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
958	WRITE( io, 6 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ngases_salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem
959	ENDIF
960	WRITE( io, 7 )
961	IF ( nsnucl > 0 ) THEN
962	WRITE( io, 8 ) nsnucl, nj3
963	ENDIF
964	IF ( nlcoag ) THEN
965	WRITE( io, 9 )
966	ENDIF
967	IF ( nlcnd ) THEN
968	WRITE( io, 10 ) nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae
969	ENDIF
970	IF ( lspartition ) THEN
971	WRITE( io, 11 )
972	ENDIF
973	IF ( nldepo ) THEN
974	WRITE( io, 12 ) nldepo_pcm, nldepo_surf
975	ENDIF
976	WRITE( io, 13 ) reglim, nbin, bin_low_limits
977	IF ( isdtyp == 0 ) WRITE( io, 14 ) nsect
978	WRITE( io, 15 ) ncc, listspec, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
979	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
980	WRITE( io, 16 ) ngases_salsa, h2so4_init, hno3_init, nh3_init, ocnv_init, ocsv_init
981	ENDIF
982	WRITE( io, 17 ) isdtyp, igctyp
983	IF ( isdtyp == 0 ) THEN
984	WRITE( io, 18 ) dpg, sigmag, n_lognorm
985	ELSE
986	WRITE( io, 19 )
987	ENDIF
988	IF ( nest_salsa ) WRITE( io, 20 ) nest_salsa
989	WRITE( io, 21 ) salsa_emission_mode
990
991
992	1 FORMAT (//' SALSA information:'/ &
993	' ------------------------------'/)
994	2 FORMAT (' Starts at: skip_time_do_salsa = ', F10.2, ' s')
995	3 FORMAT (/' Timestep: dt_salsa = ', F6.2, ' s')
996	4 FORMAT (/' Array shape (z,y,x,bins):'/ &
997	' aerosol_number: ', 4(I3))
998	5 FORMAT (/' aerosol_mass: ', 4(I3),/ &
999	' (advect_particle_water = ', L1, ')')
1000	6 FORMAT (' salsa_gas: ', 4(I3),/ &
1001	' (salsa_gases_from_chem = ', L1, ')')
1002	7 FORMAT (/' Aerosol dynamic processes included: ')
1003	8 FORMAT (/' nucleation (scheme = ', I1, ' and J3 parametrization = ', I1, ')')
1004	9 FORMAT (/' coagulation')
1005	10 FORMAT (/' condensation (of precursor gases = ', L1, ' and water vapour = ', L1, ')' )
1006	11 FORMAT (/' dissolutional growth by HNO3 and NH3')
1007	12 FORMAT (/' dry deposition (on vegetation = ', L1, ' and on topography = ', L1, ')')
1008	13 FORMAT (/' Aerosol bin subrange limits (in metres): ', 3(ES10.2E3), / &
1009	' Number of size bins for each aerosol subrange: ', 2I3,/ &
1010	' Aerosol bin limits (in metres): ', 9(ES10.2E3))
1011	14 FORMAT (' Initial number concentration in bins at the lowest level (#/m**3):', 9(ES10.2E3))
1012	15 FORMAT (/' Number of chemical components used: ', I1,/ &
1013	' Species: ',7(A6),/ &
1014	' Initial relative contribution of each species to particle volume in:',/ &
1015	' a-bins: ', 7(F6.3),/ &
1016	' b-bins: ', 7(F6.3))
1017	16 FORMAT (/' Number of gaseous tracers used: ', I1,/ &
1018	' Initial gas concentrations:',/ &
1019	' H2SO4: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1020	' HNO3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1021	' NH3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1022	' OCNV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1023	' OCSV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3')
1024	17 FORMAT (/' Initialising concentrations: ', / &
1025	' Aerosol size distribution: isdtyp = ', I1,/ &
1026	' Gas concentrations: igctyp = ', I1 )
1027	18 FORMAT ( ' Mode diametres: dpg(nmod) = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1028	' Standard deviation: sigmag(nmod) = ', 7(F7.2),/ &
1029	' Number concentration: n_lognorm(nmod) = ', 7(ES12.4E3), ' (#/m3)' )
1030	19 FORMAT (/' Size distribution read from a file.')
1031	20 FORMAT (/' Nesting for salsa variables: ', L1 )
1032	21 FORMAT (/' Emissions: salsa_emission_mode = ', A )
1033
1034	END SUBROUTINE salsa_header
1035
1036	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1037	! Description:
1038	! ------------
1039	!> Allocate SALSA arrays and define pointers if required
1040	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1041	SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1042
1043	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
1044	ONLY: nvar
1045
1046	USE surface_mod, &
1047	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
1048
1049	IMPLICIT NONE
1050
1051	INTEGER(iwp) :: gases_available !< Number of available gas components in the chemistry model
1052	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index for allocating
1053	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for allocating: surfaces
1054	INTEGER(iwp) :: lsp !< loop index for chem species in the chemistry model
1055
1056	gases_available = 0
1057	!
1058	!-- Allocate prognostic variables (see salsa_swap_timelevel)
1059	!
1060	!-- Set derived indices:
1061	!-- (This does the same as the subroutine salsa_initialize in SALSA/UCLALES-SALSA)
1062	start_subrange_1a = 1 ! 1st index of subrange 1a
1063	start_subrange_2a = start_subrange_1a + nbin(1) ! 1st index of subrange 2a
1064	end_subrange_1a = start_subrange_2a - 1 ! last index of subrange 1a
1065	end_subrange_2a = end_subrange_1a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2a
1066
1067	!
1068	!-- If the fraction of insoluble aerosols in subrange 2 is zero: do not allocate arrays for them
1069	IF ( nf2a > 0.999999_wp .AND. SUM( mass_fracs_b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1070	no_insoluble = .TRUE.
1071	start_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a+1 ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1072	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a ! last index of subrange 2b
1073	ELSE
1074	start_subrange_2b = start_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1075	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2b
1076	ENDIF
1077
1078	nbins_aerosol = end_subrange_2b ! total number of aerosol size bins
1079	!
1080	!-- Create index tables for different aerosol components
1081	CALL component_index_constructor( prtcl, ncc, maxspec, listspec )
1082
1083	ncomponents_mass = ncc
1084	IF ( advect_particle_water ) ncomponents_mass = ncc + 1 ! Add water
1085
1086	!
1087	!-- Allocate:
1088	ALLOCATE( aero(nbins_aerosol), bc_am_t_val(nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass), &
1089	bc_an_t_val(ngases_salsa), bc_gt_t_val(nbins_aerosol), bin_low_limits(nbins_aerosol),&
1090	nsect(nbins_aerosol), massacc(nbins_aerosol) )
1091	ALLOCATE( k_topo_top(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1092	IF ( nldepo ) ALLOCATE( sedim_vd(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1093	ALLOCATE( ra_dry(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1094
1095	!
1096	!-- Aerosol number concentration
1097	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(nbins_aerosol) )
1098	ALLOCATE( nconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1099	nconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1100	nconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1101	nconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1102	nconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1103	nconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1104
1105	DO i = 1, nbins_aerosol
1106	aerosol_number(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1107	aerosol_number(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1108	aerosol_number(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1109	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1110	aerosol_number(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1111	aerosol_number(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1112	aerosol_number(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1113	aerosol_number(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1114	aerosol_number(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1115	ENDDO
1116
1117	!
1118	!-- Aerosol mass concentration
1119	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1120	ALLOCATE( mconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1121	mconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1122	mconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1123	mconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1124	mconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1125	mconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1126
1127	DO i = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1128	aerosol_mass(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1129	aerosol_mass(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1130	aerosol_mass(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1131	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1132	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1133	aerosol_mass(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1134	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1135	aerosol_mass(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1136	aerosol_mass(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1137	ENDDO
1138
1139	!
1140	!-- Surface fluxes: answs = aerosol number, amsws = aerosol mass
1141	!
1142	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1143	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1144	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1145	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1146	surf_def_h(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1147	surf_def_h(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1148	ENDDO
1149	!
1150	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1151	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%answs( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1152	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1153	surf_lsm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1154	surf_lsm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1155	!
1156	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1157	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%answs( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1158	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%amsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1159	surf_usm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1160	surf_usm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1161
1162	!
1163	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and westward (l=3) facing
1164	DO l = 0, 3
1165	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1166	surf_def_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1167	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1168	surf_def_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1169
1170	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1171	surf_lsm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1172	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1173	surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1174
1175	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1176	surf_usm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1177	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1178	surf_usm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1179
1180	ENDDO
1181
1182	!
1183	!-- Concentration of gaseous tracers (1. SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV, 5. OCSV)
1184	!-- (number concentration (#/m3) )
1185	!
1186	!-- If chemistry is on, read gas phase concentrations from there. Otherwise,
1187	!-- allocate salsa_gas array.
1188
1189	IF ( air_chemistry ) THEN
1190	DO lsp = 1, nvar
1191	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( chem_species(lsp)%name ) )
1192	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'h2so4' )
1193	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1194	gas_index_chem(1) = lsp
1195	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3' )
1196	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1197	gas_index_chem(2) = lsp
1198	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3' )
1199	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1200	gas_index_chem(3) = lsp
1201	CASE ( 'OCNV', 'ocnv' )
1202	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1203	gas_index_chem(4) = lsp
1204	CASE ( 'OCSV', 'ocsv' )
1205	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1206	gas_index_chem(5) = lsp
1207	END SELECT
1208	ENDDO
1209
1210	IF ( gases_available == ngases_salsa ) THEN
1211	salsa_gases_from_chem = .TRUE.
1212	ELSE
1213	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'SALSA is run together with chemistry but not all gaseous '// &
1214	'components are provided by kpp (H2SO4, HNO3, NH3, OCNV, OCSV)'
1215	CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0599', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1216	ENDIF
1217
1218	ELSE
1219
1220	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(ngases_salsa) )
1221	ALLOCATE( gconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1222	gconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1223	gconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa) )
1224	gconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1225	gconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1226	gconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1227
1228	DO i = 1, ngases_salsa
1229	salsa_gas(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1230	salsa_gas(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1231	salsa_gas(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1232	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1233	salsa_gas(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1234	salsa_gas(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1235	salsa_gas(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1236	salsa_gas(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1237	salsa_gas(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1238	ENDDO
1239	!
1240	!-- Surface fluxes: gtsws = gaseous tracer flux
1241	!
1242	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1243	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1244	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1245	surf_def_h(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1246	ENDDO
1247	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1248	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1249	surf_lsm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1250	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1251	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1252	surf_usm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1253	!
1254	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and
1255	!-- westward (l=3) facing
1256	DO l = 0, 3
1257	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1258	surf_def_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1259	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1260	surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1261	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1262	surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1263	ENDDO
1264	ENDIF
1265
1266	IF ( ws_scheme_sca ) THEN
1267
1268	IF ( salsa ) THEN
1269	ALLOCATE( sums_salsa_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1270	sums_salsa_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1271	ENDIF
1272
1273	ENDIF
1274
1275	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1276
1277	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1278	! Description:
1279	! ------------
1280	!> Initialization of SALSA. Based on salsa_initialize in UCLALES-SALSA.
1281	!> Subroutines salsa_initialize, SALSAinit and DiagInitAero in UCLALES-SALSA are
1282	!> also merged here.
1283	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1284	SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1285
1286	IMPLICIT NONE
1287
1288	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
1289	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index for aerosol number bins
1290	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index for aerosol mass bins
1291	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index for gases
1292	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< index for indexing
1293	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
1294
1295	CALL location_message( 'initializing salsa (sectional aerosol module )', .TRUE. )
1296
1297	bin_low_limits = 0.0_wp
1298	k_topo_top = 0
1299	nsect = 0.0_wp
1300	massacc = 1.0_wp
1301
1302	!
1303	!-- Indices for chemical components used (-1 = not used)
1304	ii = 0
1305	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SO4' ) ) THEN
1306	index_so4 = get_index( prtcl,'SO4' )
1307	ii = ii + 1
1308	ENDIF
1309	IF ( is_used( prtcl,'OC' ) ) THEN
1310	index_oc = get_index(prtcl, 'OC')
1311	ii = ii + 1
1312	ENDIF
1313	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'BC' ) ) THEN
1314	index_bc = get_index( prtcl, 'BC' )
1315	ii = ii + 1
1316	ENDIF
1317	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'DU' ) ) THEN
1318	index_du = get_index( prtcl, 'DU' )
1319	ii = ii + 1
1320	ENDIF
1321	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SS' ) ) THEN
1322	index_ss = get_index( prtcl, 'SS' )
1323	ii = ii + 1
1324	ENDIF
1325	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NO' ) ) THEN
1326	index_no = get_index( prtcl, 'NO' )
1327	ii = ii + 1
1328	ENDIF
1329	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NH' ) ) THEN
1330	index_nh = get_index( prtcl, 'NH' )
1331	ii = ii + 1
1332	ENDIF
1333	!
1334	!-- All species must be known
1335	IF ( ii /= ncc ) THEN
1336	message_string = 'Unknown aerosol species/component(s) given in the initialization'
1337	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: salsa_init', 'PA0600', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1338	ENDIF
1339	!
1340	!-- Partition and dissolutional growth by gaseous HNO3 and NH3
1341	IF ( index_no > 0 .AND. index_nh > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) lspartition = .TRUE.
1342	!
1343	!-- Initialise
1344	!
1345	!-- Aerosol size distribution (TYPE t_section)
1346	aero(:)%dwet = 1.0E-10_wp
1347	aero(:)%veqh2o = 1.0E-10_wp
1348	aero(:)%numc = nclim
1349	aero(:)%core = 1.0E-10_wp
1350	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1 ! 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
1351	aero(:)%volc(ic) = 0.0_wp
1352	ENDDO
1353
1354	IF ( nldepo ) sedim_vd = 0.0_wp
1355
1356	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
1357	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) aerosol_number(ib)%conc = nclim
1358	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1359	aerosol_number(ib)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1360	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1361	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1362	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1363	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1364	aerosol_number(ib)%init = nclim
1365	aerosol_number(ib)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1366	ENDDO
1367	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1368	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) aerosol_mass(ic)%conc = mclim
1369	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1370	aerosol_mass(ic)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1371	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1372	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1373	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1374	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1375	aerosol_mass(ic)%init = mclim
1376	aerosol_mass(ic)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1377	ENDDO
1378
1379	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1380	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1381	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1382	salsa_gas(ig)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1383	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1384	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1385	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1386	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1387	salsa_gas(ig)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1388	ENDDO
1389	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
1390	salsa_gas(1)%conc = h2so4_init
1391	salsa_gas(2)%conc = hno3_init
1392	salsa_gas(3)%conc = nh3_init
1393	salsa_gas(4)%conc = ocnv_init
1394	salsa_gas(5)%conc = ocsv_init
1395	ENDIF
1396	!
1397	!-- Set initial value for gas compound tracers and initial values
1398	salsa_gas(1)%init = h2so4_init
1399	salsa_gas(2)%init = hno3_init
1400	salsa_gas(3)%init = nh3_init
1401	salsa_gas(4)%init = ocnv_init
1402	salsa_gas(5)%init = ocsv_init
1403	ENDIF
1404	!
1405	!-- Aerosol radius in each bin: dry and wet (m)
1406	ra_dry = 1.0E-10_wp
1407	!
1408	!-- Initialise aerosol tracers
1409	aero(:)%vhilim = 0.0_wp
1410	aero(:)%vlolim = 0.0_wp
1411	aero(:)%vratiohi = 0.0_wp
1412	aero(:)%vratiolo = 0.0_wp
1413	aero(:)%dmid = 0.0_wp
1414	!
1415	!-- Initialise the sectional particle size distribution
1416	CALL set_sizebins
1417	!
1418	!-- Initialise location-dependent aerosol size distributions and chemical compositions:
1419	CALL aerosol_init
1420	!
1421	!-- Initalisation run of SALSA + calculate the vertical top index of the topography
1422	DO i = nxl, nxr
1423	DO j = nys, nyn
1424
1425	k_topo_top(j,i) = MAXLOC( MERGE( 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,i), 12 ) ), DIM = 1 ) - 1
1426
1427	CALL salsa_driver( i, j, 1 )
1428	CALL salsa_diagnostics( i, j )
1429	ENDDO
1430	ENDDO
1431	!
1432	!-- Initialise the deposition scheme and surface types
1433	IF ( nldepo ) CALL init_deposition
1434
1435	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' ) THEN
1436	!
1437	!-- Read in and initialize emissions
1438	CALL salsa_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1439	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem .AND. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) THEN
1440	CALL salsa_gas_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1441	ENDIF
1442	ENDIF
1443
1444	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1445
1446	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1447
1448	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1449	! Description:
1450	! ------------
1451	!> Initializes particle size distribution grid by calculating size bin limits
1452	!> and mid-size for dry particles in each bin. Called from salsa_initialize
1453	!> (only at the beginning of simulation).
1454	!> Size distribution described using:
1455	!> 1) moving center method (subranges 1 and 2)
1456	!> (Jacobson, Atmos. Env., 31, 131-144, 1997)
1457	!> 2) fixed sectional method (subrange 3)
1458	!> Size bins in each subrange are spaced logarithmically
1459	!> based on given subrange size limits and bin number.
1460	!
1461	!> Mona changed 06/2017: Use geometric mean diameter to describe the mean
1462	!> particle diameter in a size bin, not the arithmeric mean which clearly
1463	!> overestimates the total particle volume concentration.
1464	!
1465	!> Coded by:
1466	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
1467	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
1468	!
1469	!> Bug fixes for box model + updated for the new aerosol datatype:
1470	!> Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
1471	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1472	SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1473
1474	IMPLICIT NONE
1475
1476	INTEGER(iwp) :: cc !< running index
1477	INTEGER(iwp) :: dd !< running index
1478
1479	REAL(wp) :: ratio_d !< ratio of the upper and lower diameter of subranges
1480	!
1481	!-- vlolim&vhilim: min & max dry volumes [fxm]
1482	!-- dmid: bin mid dry diameter (m)
1483	!-- vratiolo&vratiohi: volume ratio between the center and low/high limit
1484	!
1485	!-- 1) Size subrange 1:
1486	ratio_d = reglim(2) / reglim(1) ! section spacing (m)
1487	DO cc = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1488	aero(cc)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc-1 ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1489	aero(cc)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1490	aero(cc)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(cc)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1491	( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1492	aero(cc)%vratiohi = aero(cc)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1493	aero(cc)%vratiolo = aero(cc)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1494	ENDDO
1495	!
1496	!-- 2) Size subrange 2:
1497	!-- 2.1) Sub-subrange 2a: high hygroscopicity
1498	ratio_d = reglim(3) / reglim(2) ! section spacing
1499	DO dd = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
1500	cc = dd - start_subrange_2a
1501	aero(dd)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1502	aero(dd)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc+1 ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1503	aero(dd)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(dd)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1504	( aero(dd)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1505	aero(dd)%vratiohi = aero(dd)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1506	aero(dd)%vratiolo = aero(dd)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1507	ENDDO
1508	!
1509	!-- 2.2) Sub-subrange 2b: low hygroscopicity
1510	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
1511	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vlolim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vlolim
1512	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vhilim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vhilim
1513	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%dmid = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%dmid
1514	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiohi = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiohi
1515	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiolo = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiolo
1516	ENDIF
1517	!
1518	!-- Initialize the wet diameter with the bin dry diameter to avoid numerical problems later
1519	aero(:)%dwet = aero(:)%dmid
1520	!
1521	!-- Save bin limits (lower diameter) to be delivered to PALM if needed
1522	DO cc = 1, nbins_aerosol
1523	bin_low_limits(cc) = ( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
1524	ENDDO
1525
1526	END SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1527
1528	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1529	! Description:
1530	! ------------
1531	!> Initilize altitude-dependent aerosol size distributions and compositions.
1532	!>
1533	!> Mona added 06/2017: Correct the number and mass concentrations by normalizing
1534	!< by the given total number and mass concentration.
1535	!>
1536	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
1537	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1538	SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
1539
1540	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
1541	ONLY: get_attribute, get_variable, netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length, open_read_file
1542
1543	IMPLICIT NONE
1544
1545	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !< chemical component name
1546
1547	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
1548	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index: x-direction
1549	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index: size bins
1550	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index: chemical components
1551	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_dyn !< NetCDF id of PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1552	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index: gases
1553	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index: y-direction
1554	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index: z-direction
1555	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_aero !< level of detail of inital aerosol concentrations
1556	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nbins !< Number of aerosol size bins in file
1557	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_ncc !< Number of aerosol chemical components in file
1558	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nz !< Number of vertical grid-points in file
1559	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< running mode of SALSA
1560	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
1561
1562	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_input_to_model
1563
1564	LOGICAL :: netcdf_extend = .FALSE. !< Flag: netcdf file exists
1565
1566	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
1567
1568	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: core !< size of the bin mid aerosol particle
1569	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: nsect !< size distribution (#/m3)
1570
1571	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pnf2a !< number fraction in 2a
1572	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pmfoc1a !< mass fraction of OC in 1a
1573
1574	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol) :: pndist !< size dist as a function of height (#/m3)
1575	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2a !< mass distributions in subrange 2a
1576	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2b !< mass distributions in subrange 2b
1577
1578	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_dmid !< vertical profile of aerosol bin diameters
1579	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_z !< z levels of profiles
1580
1581	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_a !< mass fraction: a
1582	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_b !< and b
1583
1584	cc_input_to_model = 0
1585	prunmode = 1
1586	!
1587	!-- Bin mean aerosol particle volume (m3)
1588	core(:) = 0.0_wp
1589	core(1:nbins_aerosol) = api6 * aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid**3
1590	!
1591	!-- Set concentrations to zero
1592	nsect(:) = 0.0_wp
1593	pndist(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1594	pnf2a(:) = nf2a
1595	pmf2a(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1596	pmf2b(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1597	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1598
1599	IF ( isdtyp == 1 ) THEN
1600	!
1601	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1602	#if defined( __netcdf )
1603	!
1604	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1605	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
1606	IF ( netcdf_extend ) THEN
1607	!
1608	!-- Open file in read-only mode
1609	CALL open_read_file( input_file_dynamic // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
1610	!
1611	!-- Inquire dimensions:
1612	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
1613	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
1614	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
1615	'the number of numeric grid points.'
1616	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0601', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1617	ENDIF
1618	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_ncc, 'composition_index' )
1619	!
1620	!-- Allocate memory
1621	ALLOCATE( pr_z(1:pr_nz), pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc), &
1622	pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc) )
1623	pr_mass_fracs_a = 0.0_wp
1624	pr_mass_fracs_b = 0.0_wp
1625	!
1626	!-- Read vertical levels
1627	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'z', pr_z )
1628	!
1629	!-- Read name and index of chemical components
1630	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'composition_name', cc_name, pr_ncc )
1631	DO ic = 1, pr_ncc
1632	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( cc_name(ic) ) )
1633	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'SO4', 'h2so4', 'so4' )
1634	cc_input_to_model(1) = ic
1635	CASE ( 'OC', 'oc' )
1636	cc_input_to_model(2) = ic
1637	CASE ( 'BC', 'bc' )
1638	cc_input_to_model(3) = ic
1639	CASE ( 'DU', 'du' )
1640	cc_input_to_model(4) = ic
1641	CASE ( 'SS', 'ss' )
1642	cc_input_to_model(5) = ic
1643	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3', 'NO', 'no' )
1644	cc_input_to_model(6) = ic
1645	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3', 'NH', 'nh' )
1646	cc_input_to_model(7) = ic
1647	END SELECT
1648	ENDDO
1649
1650	IF ( SUM( cc_input_to_model ) == 0 ) THEN
1651	message_string = 'None of the aerosol chemical components in ' // TRIM( &
1652	input_file_dynamic ) // ' correspond to ones applied in SALSA.'
1653	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0602', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1654	ENDIF
1655	!
1656	!-- Vertical profiles of mass fractions of different chemical components:
1657	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a', pr_mass_fracs_a, &
1658	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1659	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_b', pr_mass_fracs_b, &
1660	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1661	!
1662	!-- Match the input data with the chemical composition applied in the model
1663	DO ic = 1, maxspec
1664	ss = cc_input_to_model(ic)
1665	IF ( ss == 0 ) CYCLE
1666	pmf2a(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt,ss)
1667	pmf2b(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt,ss)
1668	ENDDO
1669	!
1670	!-- Aerosol concentrations: lod=1 (total PM) or lod=2 (sectional number size distribution)
1671	CALL get_attribute( id_dyn, 'lod', lod_aero, .FALSE., 'init_atmosphere_aerosol' )
1672	IF ( lod_aero /= 2 ) THEN
1673	message_string = 'Currently only lod=2 accepted for init_atmosphere_aerosol'
1674	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0603', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1675	ELSE
1676	!
1677	!-- Bin mean diameters in the input file
1678	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nbins, 'Dmid')
1679	IF ( pr_nbins /= nbins_aerosol ) THEN
1680	message_string = 'Number of size bins in init_atmosphere_aerosol does not match ' &
1681	// 'with that applied in the model'
1682	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0604', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1683	ENDIF
1684
1685	ALLOCATE( pr_dmid(pr_nbins) )
1686	pr_dmid = 0.0_wp
1687
1688	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'Dmid', pr_dmid )
1689	!
1690	!-- Check whether the sectional representation conform to the one
1691	!-- applied in the model
1692	IF ( ANY( ABS( ( aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid - pr_dmid ) / &
1693	aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid ) > 0.1_wp ) ) THEN
1694	message_string = 'Mean diameters of the aerosol size bins ' // TRIM( &
1695	input_file_dynamic ) // ' in do not conform to the sectional '// &
1696	'representation of the model.'
1697	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0605', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1698	ENDIF
1699	!
1700	!-- Inital aerosol concentrations
1701	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_aerosol', pndist(nzb+1:nzt,:), &
1702	0, pr_nbins-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1703	ENDIF
1704	!
1705	!-- Set bottom and top boundary condition (Neumann)
1706	pmf2a(nzb,:) = pmf2a(nzb+1,:)
1707	pmf2a(nzt+1,:) = pmf2a(nzt,:)
1708	pmf2b(nzb,:) = pmf2b(nzb+1,:)
1709	pmf2b(nzt+1,:) = pmf2b(nzt,:)
1710	pndist(nzb,:) = pndist(nzb+1,:)
1711	pndist(nzt+1,:) = pndist(nzt,:)
1712
1713	IF ( index_so4 < 0 ) THEN
1714	pmf2a(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1715	pmf2b(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1716	ENDIF
1717	IF ( index_oc < 0 ) THEN
1718	pmf2a(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1719	pmf2b(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1720	ENDIF
1721	IF ( index_bc < 0 ) THEN
1722	pmf2a(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1723	pmf2b(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1724	ENDIF
1725	IF ( index_du < 0 ) THEN
1726	pmf2a(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1727	pmf2b(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1728	ENDIF
1729	IF ( index_ss < 0 ) THEN
1730	pmf2a(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1731	pmf2b(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1732	ENDIF
1733	IF ( index_no < 0 ) THEN
1734	pmf2a(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1735	pmf2b(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1736	ENDIF
1737	IF ( index_nh < 0 ) THEN
1738	pmf2a(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1739	pmf2b(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1740	ENDIF
1741
1742	IF ( SUM( pmf2a ) < 0.00001_wp .AND. SUM( pmf2b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1743	message_string = 'Error in initialising mass fractions of chemical components. ' // &
1744	'Check that all chemical components are included in parameter file!'
1745	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0606', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1746	ENDIF
1747	!
1748	!-- Then normalise the mass fraction so that SUM = 1
1749	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1750	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
1751	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
1752	ENDDO
1753
1754	DEALLOCATE( pr_z, pr_mass_fracs_a, pr_mass_fracs_b )
1755
1756	ELSE
1757	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
1758	' for SALSA missing!'
1759	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0607', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1760
1761	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
1762
1763	#else
1764	message_string = 'isdtyp = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used in compiling!'
1765	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0608', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1766
1767	#endif
1768
1769	ELSEIF ( isdtyp == 0 ) THEN
1770	!
1771	!-- Mass fractions for species in a and b-bins
1772	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1773	pmf2a(:,1) = mass_fracs_a(index_so4)
1774	pmf2b(:,1) = mass_fracs_b(index_so4)
1775	ENDIF
1776	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1777	pmf2a(:,2) = mass_fracs_a(index_oc)
1778	pmf2b(:,2) = mass_fracs_b(index_oc)
1779	ENDIF
1780	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
1781	pmf2a(:,3) = mass_fracs_a(index_bc)
1782	pmf2b(:,3) = mass_fracs_b(index_bc)
1783	ENDIF
1784	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
1785	pmf2a(:,4) = mass_fracs_a(index_du)
1786	pmf2b(:,4) = mass_fracs_b(index_du)
1787	ENDIF
1788	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
1789	pmf2a(:,5) = mass_fracs_a(index_ss)
1790	pmf2b(:,5) = mass_fracs_b(index_ss)
1791	ENDIF
1792	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
1793	pmf2a(:,6) = mass_fracs_a(index_no)
1794	pmf2b(:,6) = mass_fracs_b(index_no)
1795	ENDIF
1796	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
1797	pmf2a(:,7) = mass_fracs_a(index_nh)
1798	pmf2b(:,7) = mass_fracs_b(index_nh)
1799	ENDIF
1800	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1801	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
1802	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
1803	ENDDO
1804
1805	CALL size_distribution( n_lognorm, dpg, sigmag, nsect )
1806	!
1807	!-- Normalize by the given total number concentration
1808	nsect = nsect * SUM( n_lognorm ) / SUM( nsect )
1809	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
1810	pndist(:,ib) = nsect(ib)
1811	ENDDO
1812	ENDIF
1813
1814	IF ( igctyp == 1 ) THEN
1815	!
1816	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_CHEM
1817	#if defined( __netcdf )
1818	!
1819	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1820	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
1821	IF ( netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1822	!
1823	!-- Open file in read-only mode
1824	CALL open_read_file( input_file_dynamic // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
1825	!
1826	!-- Inquire dimensions:
1827	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
1828	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
1829	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
1830	'the number of numeric grid points.'
1831	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0609', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1832	ENDIF
1833	!
1834	!-- Read vertical profiles of gases:
1835	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_h2so4', salsa_gas(1)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1836	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_hno3', salsa_gas(2)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1837	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_nh3', salsa_gas(3)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1838	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocnv', salsa_gas(4)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1839	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocsv', salsa_gas(5)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1840	!
1841	!-- Set Neumann top and surface boundary condition for initial + initialise concentrations
1842	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1843	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb+1)
1844	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt+1) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt)
1845	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1846	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(k,:,:) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(k)
1847	ENDDO
1848	ENDDO
1849
1850	ELSEIF ( .NOT. netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1851	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
1852	' for SALSA missing!'
1853	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0610', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1854	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
1855	#else
1856	message_string = 'igctyp = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used in compiling!'
1857	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0611', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1858
1859	#endif
1860
1861	ENDIF
1862	!
1863	!-- Both SO4 and OC are included, so use the given mass fractions
1864	IF ( index_oc > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1865	pmfoc1a(:) = pmf2a(:,2) / ( pmf2a(:,2) + pmf2a(:,1) ) ! Normalize
1866	!
1867	!-- Pure organic carbon
1868	ELSEIF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1869	pmfoc1a(:) = 1.0_wp
1870	!
1871	!-- Pure SO4
1872	ELSEIF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1873	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1874
1875	ELSE
1876	message_string = 'Either OC or SO4 must be active for aerosol region 1a!'
1877	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0612', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1878	ENDIF
1879
1880	!
1881	!-- Initialize concentrations
1882	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1883	DO j = nysg, nyng
1884	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1885	!
1886	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
1887	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
1888	!
1889	!-- a) Number concentrations
1890	!-- Region 1:
1891	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1892	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = pndist(k,ib) * flag
1893	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1894	aerosol_number(ib)%init = pndist(:,ib)
1895	ENDIF
1896	ENDDO
1897	!
1898	!-- Region 2:
1899	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
1900	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
1901	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pnf2a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * flag
1902	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1903	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
1904	ENDIF
1905	ENDDO
1906	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
1907	DO ib = start_subrange_2b, end_subrange_2b
1908	IF ( pnf2a(k) < 1.0_wp ) THEN
1909	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
1910	pndist(k,ib) * flag
1911	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1912	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
1913	ENDIF
1914	ENDIF
1915	ENDDO
1916	ENDIF
1917	ENDIF
1918	!
1919	!-- b) Aerosol mass concentrations
1920	!-- bin subrange 1: done here separately due to the SO4/OC convention
1921	!
1922	!-- SO4:
1923	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1924	ss = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
1925	ee = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
1926	ib = start_subrange_1a
1927	DO ic = ss, ee
1928	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib)&
1929	* core(ib) * arhoh2so4 * flag
1930	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1931	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) &
1932	* core(ib) * arhoh2so4
1933	ENDIF
1934	ib = ib+1
1935	ENDDO
1936	ENDIF
1937	!
1938	!-- OC:
1939	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1940	ss = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
1941	ee = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
1942	ib = start_subrange_1a
1943	DO ic = ss, ee
1944	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
1945	core(ib) * arhooc * flag
1946	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1947	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
1948	core(ib) * arhooc
1949	ENDIF
1950	ib = ib+1
1951	ENDDO
1952	ENDIF
1953	ENDDO !< k
1954
1955	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
1956
1957	ENDDO !< j
1958	ENDDO !< i
1959
1960	!
1961	!-- c) Aerosol mass concentrations
1962	!-- bin subrange 2:
1963	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
1964
1965	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1966	CALL set_aero_mass( index_so4, pmf2a(:,1), pmf2b(:,1), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoh2so4 )
1967	ENDIF
1968	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1969	CALL set_aero_mass( index_oc, pmf2a(:,2), pmf2b(:,2), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhooc )
1970	ENDIF
1971	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
1972	CALL set_aero_mass( index_bc, pmf2a(:,3), pmf2b(:,3), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhobc )
1973	ENDIF
1974	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
1975	CALL set_aero_mass( index_du, pmf2a(:,4), pmf2b(:,4), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhodu )
1976	ENDIF
1977	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
1978	CALL set_aero_mass( index_ss, pmf2a(:,5), pmf2b(:,5), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoss )
1979	ENDIF
1980	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
1981	CALL set_aero_mass( index_no, pmf2a(:,6), pmf2b(:,6), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhohno3 )
1982	ENDIF
1983	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
1984	CALL set_aero_mass( index_nh, pmf2a(:,7), pmf2b(:,7), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhonh3 )
1985	ENDIF
1986
1987	ENDIF
1988
1989	END SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
1990
1991	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1992	! Description:
1993	! ------------
1994	!> Create a lognormal size distribution and discretise to a sectional
1995	!> representation.
1996	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1997	SUBROUTINE size_distribution( in_ntot, in_dpg, in_sigma, psd_sect )
1998
1999	IMPLICIT NONE
2000
2001	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< running index: bin
2002	INTEGER(iwp) :: iteration !< running index: iteration
2003
2004	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2005	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2006	REAL(wp) :: delta_d !< (d2-d1)/10
2007	REAL(wp) :: deltadp !< bin width
2008	REAL(wp) :: dmidi !< ( d1 + d2 ) / 2
2009
2010	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_dpg !< geometric mean diameter (m)
2011	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_ntot !< number conc. (#/m3)
2012	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_sigma !< standard deviation
2013
2014	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: psd_sect !< sectional size distribution
2015
2016	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
2017	psd_sect(ib) = 0.0_wp
2018	!
2019	!-- Particle diameter at the low limit (largest in the bin) (m)
2020	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2021	!
2022	!-- Particle diameter at the high limit (smallest in the bin) (m)
2023	d2 = ( aero(ib)%vhilim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2024	!
2025	!-- Span of particle diameter in a bin (m)
2026	delta_d = 0.1_wp * ( d2 - d1 )
2027	!
2028	!-- Iterate:
2029	DO iteration = 1, 10
2030	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp + ( ib - 1) delta_d
2031	d2 = d1 + delta_d
2032	dmidi = 0.5_wp * ( d1 + d2 )
2033	deltadp = LOG10( d2 / d1 )
2034	!
2035	!-- Size distribution
2036	!-- in_ntot = total number, total area, or total volume concentration
2037	!-- in_dpg = geometric-mean number, area, or volume diameter
2038	!-- n(k) = number, area, or volume concentration in a bin
2039	psd_sect(ib) = psd_sect(ib) + SUM( in_ntot * deltadp / ( SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) * &
2040	LOG10( in_sigma ) ) * EXP( -LOG10( dmidi / in_dpg )**2.0_wp / &
2041	( 2.0_wp * LOG10( in_sigma ) ** 2.0_wp ) ) )
2042
2043	ENDDO
2044	ENDDO
2045
2046	END SUBROUTINE size_distribution
2047
2048	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2049	! Description:
2050	! ------------
2051	!> Sets the mass concentrations to aerosol arrays in 2a and 2b.
2052	!>
2053	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
2054	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2055	SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass( ispec, pmf2a, pmf2b, pnf2a, pndist, pcore, prho )
2056
2057	IMPLICIT NONE
2058
2059	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
2060	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
2061	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2062	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2063	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index
2064	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2065	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< 1 = initialise
2066	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
2067
2068	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: ispec !< Aerosol species index
2069
2070	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2071
2072	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prho !< Aerosol density
2073
2074	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pcore !< Aerosol bin mid core volume
2075	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pnf2a !< Number fraction for 2a
2076	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2a !< Mass distributions for a
2077	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2b !< and b bins
2078
2079	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pndist !< Aerosol size distribution
2080
2081	prunmode = 1
2082
2083	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2084	DO j = nysg, nyng
2085	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2086	!
2087	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2088	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2089	!
2090	!-- Regime 2a:
2091	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2a
2092	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2a
2093	ib = start_subrange_2a
2094	DO ic = ss, ee
2095	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2096	pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2097	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2098	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2099	pcore(ib) * prho
2100	ENDIF
2101	ib = ib + 1
2102	ENDDO
2103	!
2104	!-- Regime 2b:
2105	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2106	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2b
2107	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2b
2108	ib = start_subrange_2a
2109	DO ic = ss, ee
2110	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) *&
2111	pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2112	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2113	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2114	pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho
2115	ENDIF
2116	ib = ib + 1
2117	ENDDO ! c
2118
2119	ENDIF
2120	ENDDO ! k
2121
2122	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2123
2124	ENDDO ! j
2125	ENDDO ! i
2126
2127	END SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass
2128
2129	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2130	! Description:
2131	! ------------
2132	!> Initialise the matching between surface types in LSM and deposition models.
2133	!> Do the matching based on Zhang et al. (2001). Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560
2134	!> (here referred as Z01).
2135	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2136	SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2137
2138	USE surface_mod, &
2139	ONLY: surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v
2140
2141	IMPLICIT NONE
2142
2143	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for vertical surfaces
2144
2145	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. land_surface ) THEN
2146
2147	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_h%match(1:surf_lsm_h%ns) )
2148	lsm_to_depo_h%match = 0
2149	CALL match_lsm_zhang( surf_lsm_h, lsm_to_depo_h%match )
2150
2151	DO l = 0, 3
2152	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2153	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match = 0
2154	CALL match_lsm_zhang( surf_lsm_v(l), lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match )
2155	ENDDO
2156	ENDIF
2157
2158	IF ( nldepo_pcm ) THEN
2159	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_type )
2160	CASE ( 'evergreen_needleleaf' )
2161	depo_pcm_type_num = 1
2162	CASE ( 'evergreen_broadleaf' )
2163	depo_pcm_type_num = 2
2164	CASE ( 'deciduous_needleleaf' )
2165	depo_pcm_type_num = 3
2166	CASE ( 'deciduous_broadleaf' )
2167	depo_pcm_type_num = 4
2168	CASE DEFAULT
2169	message_string = 'depo_pcm_type not set correctly.'
2170	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_deposition', 'PA0613', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2171	END SELECT
2172	ENDIF
2173
2174	END SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2175
2176	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2177	! Description:
2178	! ------------
2179	!> Match the surface types in PALM and Zhang et al. 2001 deposition module
2180	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2181	SUBROUTINE match_lsm_zhang( surf, match_array )
2182
2183	USE surface_mod, &
2184	ONLY: ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_type
2185
2186	IMPLICIT NONE
2187
2188	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< index for surface elements
2189	INTEGER(iwp) :: pav_type_palm !< pavement type in PALM
2190	INTEGER(iwp) :: vege_type_palm !< vegetation type in PALM
2191	INTEGER(iwp) :: water_type_palm !< water type in PALM
2192
2193	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_array !< array matching
2194	!< the surface types
2195	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(in) :: surf !< respective surface type
2196
2197	DO m = 1, surf%ns
2198
2199	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2200	vege_type_palm = surf%vegetation_type(m)
2201	SELECT CASE ( vege_type_palm )
2202	CASE ( 0 )
2203	message_string = 'No vegetation type defined.'
2204	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_depo_surfaces', 'PA0614', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2205	CASE ( 1 ) ! bare soil
2206	match_array(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2207	CASE ( 2 ) ! crops, mixed farming
2208	match_array(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2209	CASE ( 3 ) ! short grass
2210	match_array(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2211	CASE ( 4 ) ! evergreen needleleaf trees
2212	match_array(m) = 1 ! evergreen needleleaf trees in Z01
2213	CASE ( 5 ) ! deciduous needleleaf trees
2214	match_array(m) = 3 ! deciduous needleleaf trees in Z01
2215	CASE ( 6 ) ! evergreen broadleaf trees
2216	match_array(m) = 2 ! evergreen broadleaf trees in Z01
2217	CASE ( 7 ) ! deciduous broadleaf trees
2218	match_array(m) = 4 ! deciduous broadleaf trees in Z01
2219	CASE ( 8 ) ! tall grass
2220	match_array(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2221	CASE ( 9 ) ! desert
2222	match_array(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2223	CASE ( 10 ) ! tundra
2224	match_array(m) = 9 ! tundra in Z01
2225	CASE ( 11 ) ! irrigated crops
2226	match_array(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2227	CASE ( 12 ) ! semidesert
2228	match_array(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2229	CASE ( 13 ) ! ice caps and glaciers
2230	match_array(m) = 12 ! ice cap and glacier in Z01
2231	CASE ( 14 ) ! bogs and marshes
2232	match_array(m) = 11 ! wetland with plants in Z01
2233	CASE ( 15 ) ! evergreen shrubs
2234	match_array(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2235	CASE ( 16 ) ! deciduous shrubs
2236	match_array(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2237	CASE ( 17 ) ! mixed forest/woodland
2238	match_array(m) = 5 ! mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees in Z01
2239	CASE ( 18 ) ! interrupted forest
2240	match_array(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2241	END SELECT
2242	ENDIF
2243
2244	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2245	pav_type_palm = surf%pavement_type(m)
2246	IF ( pav_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2247	message_string = 'No pavement type defined.'
2248	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_lsm_zhang', 'PA0615', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2249	ELSEIF ( pav_type_palm > 0 .AND. pav_type_palm <= 15 ) THEN
2250	match_array(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2251	ENDIF
2252	ENDIF
2253
2254	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2255	water_type_palm = surf%water_type(m)
2256	IF ( water_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2257	message_string = 'No water type defined.'
2258	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_lsm_zhang', 'PA0616', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2259	ELSEIF ( water_type_palm == 3 ) THEN
2260	match_array(m) = 14 ! ocean in Z01
2261	ELSEIF ( water_type_palm == 1 .OR. water_type_palm == 2 .OR. water_type_palm == 4 &
2262	.OR. water_type_palm == 5 ) THEN
2263	match_array(m) = 13 ! inland water in Z01
2264	ENDIF
2265	ENDIF
2266
2267	ENDDO
2268
2269	END SUBROUTINE match_lsm_zhang
2270
2271	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2272	! Description:
2273	! ------------
2274	!> Swapping of timelevels
2275	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2276	SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel( mod_count )
2277
2278	IMPLICIT NONE
2279
2280	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2281	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2282	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !<
2283	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2284
2285	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: mod_count !<
2286
2287	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= skip_time_do_salsa ) THEN
2288
2289	SELECT CASE ( mod_count )
2290
2291	CASE ( 0 )
2292
2293	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2294	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2295	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2296
2297	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2298	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2299	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2300	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2301	ENDDO
2302	ENDDO
2303
2304	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2305	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2306	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2307	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2308	ENDDO
2309	ENDIF
2310
2311	CASE ( 1 )
2312
2313	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2314	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2315	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2316	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2317	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2318	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2319	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2320	ENDDO
2321	ENDDO
2322
2323	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2324	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2325	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2326	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2327	ENDDO
2328	ENDIF
2329
2330	END SELECT
2331
2332	ENDIF
2333
2334	END SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel
2335
2336
2337	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2338	! Description:
2339	! ------------
2340	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
2341	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2342	SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local( k, nxlf, nxlc, nxl_on_file, nxrf, nxrc, nxr_on_file, nynf, nync, &
2343	nyn_on_file, nysf, nysc, nys_on_file, tmp_3d, found )
2344
2345	IMPLICIT NONE
2346
2347	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2348	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2349	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2350	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
2351	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlc !<
2352	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlf !<
2353	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_on_file !<
2354	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrc !<
2355	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrf !<
2356	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_on_file !<
2357	INTEGER(iwp) :: nync !<
2358	INTEGER(iwp) :: nynf !<
2359	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_on_file !<
2360	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysc !<
2361	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysf !<
2362	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_on_file !<
2363
2364	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
2365
2366	REAL(wp), &
2367	DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp,nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_3d !<
2368
2369	found = .FALSE.
2370
2371	IF ( read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2372
2373	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
2374
2375	CASE ( 'aerosol_number' )
2376	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2377	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2378	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2379	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2380	found = .TRUE.
2381	ENDDO
2382
2383	CASE ( 'aerosol_mass' )
2384	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass * nbins_aerosol
2385	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2386	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2387	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2388	found = .TRUE.
2389	ENDDO
2390
2391	CASE ( 'salsa_gas' )
2392	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2393	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2394	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2395	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2396	found = .TRUE.
2397	ENDDO
2398
2399	CASE DEFAULT
2400	found = .FALSE.
2401
2402	END SELECT
2403	ENDIF
2404
2405	END SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local
2406
2407	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2408	! Description:
2409	! ------------
2410	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
2411	!> Note that the following input variables in PARIN have to be equal between
2412	!> restart runs:
2413	!> listspec, nbin, nbin2, nf2a, ncc, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
2414	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2415	SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2416
2417	IMPLICIT NONE
2418
2419	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2420	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2421	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2422
2423	IF ( write_binary .AND. write_binary_salsa ) THEN
2424
2425	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_number' )
2426	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2427	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_number(ib)%conc
2428	ENDDO
2429
2430	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_mass' )
2431	DO ic = 1, nbins_aerosol * ncomponents_mass
2432	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
2433	ENDDO
2434
2435	CALL wrd_write_string( 'salsa_gas' )
2436	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2437	WRITE ( 14 ) salsa_gas(ig)%conc
2438	ENDDO
2439
2440	ENDIF
2441
2442	END SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2443
2444	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2445	! Description:
2446	! ------------
2447	!> Performs necessary unit and dimension conversion between the host model and
2448	!> SALSA module, and calls the main SALSA routine.
2449	!> Partially adobted form the original SALSA boxmodel version.
2450	!> Now takes masses in as kg/kg from LES!! Converted to m3/m3 for SALSA
2451	!> 05/2016 Juha: This routine is still pretty much in its original shape.
2452	!> It's dumb as a mule and twice as ugly, so implementation of
2453	!> an improved solution is necessary sooner or later.
2454	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
2455	!> Jaakko Ahola, FMI, 2016
2456	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
2457	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2458	SUBROUTINE salsa_driver( i, j, prunmode )
2459
2460	USE arrays_3d, &
2461	ONLY: pt_p, q_p, u, v, w
2462
2463	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
2464	ONLY: lad_s
2465
2466	USE surface_mod, &
2467	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2468
2469	IMPLICIT NONE
2470
2471	INTEGER(iwp) :: endi !< end index
2472	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2473	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2474	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index
2475	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_wall !< vertical index of topography top
2476	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2477	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index
2478	INTEGER(iwp) :: nc_h2o !< index of H2O in the prtcl index table
2479	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< loop index
2480	INTEGER(iwp) :: str !< start index
2481	INTEGER(iwp) :: vc !< default index in prtcl
2482
2483	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
2484	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
2485	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode !< 1: Initialization, 2: Spinup, 3: Regular runtime
2486
2487	REAL(wp) :: cw_old !< previous H2O mixing ratio
2488	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2489	REAL(wp) :: in_lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
2490	REAL(wp) :: in_rh !< relative humidity
2491	REAL(wp) :: zgso4 !< SO4
2492	REAL(wp) :: zghno3 !< HNO3
2493	REAL(wp) :: zgnh3 !< NH3
2494	REAL(wp) :: zgocnv !< non-volatile OC
2495	REAL(wp) :: zgocsv !< semi-volatile OC
2496
2497	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_adn !< air density (kg/m3)
2498	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cs !< H2O sat. vapour conc.
2499	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cw !< H2O vapour concentration
2500	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_p !< pressure (Pa)
2501	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_t !< temperature (K)
2502	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_u !< wind magnitude (m/s)
2503	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air(m2/s)
2504	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: ppm_to_nconc !< Conversion factor from ppm to #/m3
2505
2506	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
2507	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: vd !< particle fall seed (m/s)
2508
2509	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: aero_old !< helper array
2510
2511	aero_old(:)%numc = 0.0_wp
2512	in_lad = 0.0_wp
2513	in_u = 0.0_wp
2514	kvis = 0.0_wp
2515	schmidt_num = 0.0_wp
2516	vd = 0.0_wp
2517	zgso4 = nclim
2518	zghno3 = nclim
2519	zgnh3 = nclim
2520	zgocnv = nclim
2521	zgocsv = nclim
2522	!
2523	!-- Aerosol number is always set, but mass can be uninitialized
2524	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2525	aero(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2526	aero_old(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2527	ENDDO
2528	!
2529	!-- Set the salsa runtime config (How to make this more efficient?)
2530	CALL set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
2531	!
2532	!-- Calculate thermodynamic quantities needed in SALSA
2533	CALL salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij=in_p, temp_ij=in_t, cw_ij=in_cw, cs_ij=in_cs, adn_ij=in_adn )
2534	!
2535	!-- Magnitude of wind: needed for deposition
2536	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
2537	in_u(nzb+1:nzt) = SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i+1) ) )**2 + &
2538	( 0.5_wp * ( v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j+1,i) ) )**2 + &
2539	( 0.5_wp * ( w(nzb:nzt-1,j,i) + w(nzb+1:nzt,j, i) ) )**2 )
2540	ENDIF
2541	!
2542	!-- Calculate conversion factors for gas concentrations
2543	ppm_to_nconc(:) = for_ppm_to_nconc * in_p(:) / in_t(:)
2544	!
2545	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
2546	k_wall = k_topo_top(j,i)
2547
2548	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
2549	!
2550	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2551	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2552	!
2553	!-- Wind velocity for dry depositon on vegetation
2554	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy ) THEN
2555	in_lad = lad_s( MAX( k-k_wall,0 ),j,i)
2556	ENDIF
2557	!
2558	!-- For initialization and spinup, limit the RH with the parameter rhlim
2559	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
2560	in_cw(k) = MIN( in_cw(k), in_cs(k) * rhlim )
2561	ELSE
2562	in_cw(k) = in_cw(k)
2563	ENDIF
2564	cw_old = in_cw(k) !* in_adn(k)
2565	!
2566	!-- Set volume concentrations:
2567	!-- Sulphate (SO4) or sulphuric acid H2SO4
2568	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2569	vc = 1
2570	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 ! start index
2571	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol ! end index
2572	ic = 1
2573	DO ss = str, endi
2574	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2so4
2575	ic = ic+1
2576	ENDDO
2577	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2578	ENDIF
2579	!
2580	!-- Organic carbon (OC) compounds
2581	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2582	vc = 2
2583	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2584	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
2585	ic = 1
2586	DO ss = str, endi
2587	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhooc
2588	ic = ic+1
2589	ENDDO
2590	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2591	ENDIF
2592	!
2593	!-- Black carbon (BC)
2594	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2595	vc = 3
2596	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2597	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
2598	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2599	DO ss = str, endi
2600	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhobc
2601	ic = ic+1
2602	ENDDO
2603	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2604	ENDIF
2605	!
2606	!-- Dust (DU)
2607	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2608	vc = 4
2609	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2610	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
2611	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2612	DO ss = str, endi
2613	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhodu
2614	ic = ic+1
2615	ENDDO
2616	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2617	ENDIF
2618	!
2619	!-- Sea salt (SS)
2620	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2621	vc = 5
2622	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2623	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
2624	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2625	DO ss = str, endi
2626	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoss
2627	ic = ic+1
2628	ENDDO
2629	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2630	ENDIF
2631	!
2632	!-- Nitrate (NO(3-)) or nitric acid HNO3
2633	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2634	vc = 6
2635	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2636	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
2637	ic = 1
2638	DO ss = str, endi
2639	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhohno3
2640	ic = ic+1
2641	ENDDO
2642	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2643	ENDIF
2644	!
2645	!-- Ammonium (NH(4+)) or ammonia NH3
2646	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2647	vc = 7
2648	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2649	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
2650	ic = 1
2651	DO ss = str, endi
2652	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhonh3
2653	ic = ic+1
2654	ENDDO
2655	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2656	ENDIF
2657	!
2658	!-- Water (always used)
2659	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
2660	vc = 8
2661	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2662	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
2663	ic = 1
2664	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
2665	DO ss = str, endi
2666	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2o
2667	ic = ic+1
2668	ENDDO
2669	ELSE
2670	aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = mclim
2671	ENDIF
2672	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2673	!
2674	!-- Number concentrations (numc) and particle sizes
2675	!-- (dwet = wet diameter, core = dry volume)
2676	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2677	aero(ib)%numc = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i)
2678	aero_old(ib)%numc = aero(ib)%numc
2679	IF ( aero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
2680	aero(ib)%dwet = ( SUM( aero(ib)%volc(:) ) / aero(ib)%numc / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2681	aero(ib)%core = SUM( aero(ib)%volc(1:7) ) / aero(ib)%numc
2682	ELSE
2683	aero(ib)%dwet = aero(ib)%dmid
2684	aero(ib)%core = api6 * ( aero(ib)%dwet )**3
2685	ENDIF
2686	ENDDO
2687	!
2688	!-- On EACH call of salsa_driver, calculate the ambient sizes of
2689	!-- particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of particles with water
2690	!-- using the ZSR method.
2691	in_rh = in_cw(k) / in_cs(k)
2692	IF ( prunmode==1 .OR. .NOT. advect_particle_water ) THEN
2693	CALL equilibration( in_rh, in_t(k), aero, .TRUE. )
2694	ENDIF
2695	!
2696	!-- Gaseous tracer concentrations in #/m3
2697	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2698	!
2699	!-- Convert concentrations in ppm to #/m3
2700	zgso4 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(1))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2701	zghno3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(2))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2702	zgnh3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(3))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2703	zgocnv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(4))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2704	zgocsv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(5))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2705	ELSE
2706	zgso4 = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i)
2707	zghno3 = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i)
2708	zgnh3 = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i)
2709	zgocnv = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i)
2710	zgocsv = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i)
2711	ENDIF
2712	!
2713	!-- Calculate aerosol processes:
2714	!-- *********************************************************************************************
2715	!
2716	!-- Coagulation
2717	IF ( lscoag ) THEN
2718	CALL coagulation( aero, dt_salsa, in_t(k), in_p(k) )
2719	ENDIF
2720	!
2721	!-- Condensation
2722	IF ( lscnd ) THEN
2723	CALL condensation( aero, zgso4, zgocnv, zgocsv, zghno3, zgnh3, in_cw(k), in_cs(k), &
2724	in_t(k), in_p(k), dt_salsa, prtcl )
2725	ENDIF
2726	!
2727	!-- Deposition
2728	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
2729	CALL deposition( aero, in_t(k), in_adn(k), in_u(k), in_lad, kvis(k), schmidt_num(k,:), &
2730	vd(k,:) )
2731	ENDIF
2732	!
2733	!-- Size distribution bin update
2734	IF ( lsdistupdate ) THEN
2735	CALL distr_update( aero )
2736	ENDIF
2737	!-- *********************************************************************************************
2738
2739	IF ( lsdepo ) sedim_vd(k,j,i,:) = vd(k,:)
2740	!
2741	!-- Calculate changes in concentrations
2742	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2743	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ib)%numc - &
2744	aero_old(ib)%numc ) * flag
2745	ENDDO
2746
2747	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2748	vc = 1
2749	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2750	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol
2751	ic = 1
2752	DO ss = str, endi
2753	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2754	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2so4 * flag
2755	ic = ic+1
2756	ENDDO
2757	ENDIF
2758
2759	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2760	vc = 2
2761	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2762	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
2763	ic = 1
2764	DO ss = str, endi
2765	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2766	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhooc * flag
2767	ic = ic+1
2768	ENDDO
2769	ENDIF
2770
2771	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2772	vc = 3
2773	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2774	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
2775	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2776	DO ss = str, endi
2777	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2778	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhobc * flag
2779	ic = ic+1
2780	ENDDO
2781	ENDIF
2782
2783	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2784	vc = 4
2785	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2786	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
2787	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2788	DO ss = str, endi
2789	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2790	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhodu * flag
2791	ic = ic+1
2792	ENDDO
2793	ENDIF
2794
2795	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2796	vc = 5
2797	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2798	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
2799	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2800	DO ss = str, endi
2801	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2802	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoss * flag
2803	ic = ic+1
2804	ENDDO
2805	ENDIF
2806
2807	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2808	vc = 6
2809	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2810	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
2811	ic = 1
2812	DO ss = str, endi
2813	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2814	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhohno3 * flag
2815	ic = ic+1
2816	ENDDO
2817	ENDIF
2818
2819	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2820	vc = 7
2821	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2822	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
2823	ic = 1
2824	DO ss = str, endi
2825	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2826	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhonh3 * flag
2827	ic = ic+1
2828	ENDDO
2829	ENDIF
2830
2831	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
2832	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
2833	vc = 8
2834	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2835	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
2836	ic = 1
2837	DO ss = str, endi
2838	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2839	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o * flag
2840	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2841	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k) = MAX( aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k), &
2842	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) )
2843	IF ( k == nzb+1 ) THEN
2844	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k-1) = 0.0_wp
2845	ELSEIF ( k == nzt ) THEN
2846	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k+1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
2847	ENDIF
2848	ENDIF
2849	ic = ic+1
2850	ENDDO
2851	ENDIF
2852	!
2853	!-- Condensation of precursor gases
2854	IF ( lscndgas ) THEN
2855	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2856	!
2857	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
2858	ig = gas_index_chem(1)
2859	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 / &
2860	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2861	!
2862	!-- HNO3
2863	ig = gas_index_chem(2)
2864	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 / &
2865	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2866	!
2867	!-- NH3
2868	ig = gas_index_chem(3)
2869	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 / &
2870	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2871	!
2872	!-- non-volatile OC
2873	ig = gas_index_chem(4)
2874	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv / &
2875	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2876	!
2877	!-- semi-volatile OC
2878	ig = gas_index_chem(5)
2879	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv / &
2880	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2881
2882	ELSE
2883	!
2884	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
2885	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 - &
2886	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2887	!
2888	!-- HNO3
2889	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 - &
2890	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2891	!
2892	!-- NH3
2893	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 - &
2894	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2895	!
2896	!-- non-volatile OC
2897	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv - &
2898	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2899	!
2900	!-- semi-volatile OC
2901	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv - &
2902	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2903	ENDIF
2904	ENDIF
2905	!
2906	!-- Tendency of water vapour mixing ratio is obtained from the
2907	!-- change in RH during SALSA run. This releases heat and changes pt.
2908	!-- Assumes no temperature change during SALSA run.
2909	!-- q = r / (1+r), Euler method for integration
2910	!
2911	IF ( feedback_to_palm ) THEN
2912	q_p(k,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i) + 1.0_wp / ( in_cw(k) * in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 &
2913	( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) * flag
2914	pt_p(k,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i) + alv / c_p * ( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) / ( in_cw(k) / &
2915	in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 pt_p(k,j,i) / in_t(k) * flag
2916	ENDIF
2917
2918	ENDDO ! k
2919	!
2920	!-- Set surfaces and wall fluxes due to deposition
2921	IF ( lsdepo .AND. lsdepo_surf .AND. prunmode == 3 ) THEN
2922	IF ( .NOT. land_surface .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN
2923	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_h(0), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
2924	DO l = 0, 3
2925	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., l )
2926	ENDDO
2927	ELSE
2928	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
2929	DO l = 0, 3
2930	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., l )
2931	ENDDO
2932	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
2933	DO l = 0, 3
2934	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., l )
2935	ENDDO
2936	ENDIF
2937	ENDIF
2938
2939	END SUBROUTINE salsa_driver
2940
2941	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2942	! Description:
2943	! ------------
2944	!> Set logical switches according to the host model state and user-specified
2945	!> NAMELIST options.
2946	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
2947	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
2948	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2949	SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
2950
2951	IMPLICIT NONE
2952
2953	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode
2954
2955	SELECT CASE(prunmode)
2956
2957	CASE(1) !< Initialization
2958	lscoag = .FALSE.
2959	lscnd = .FALSE.
2960	lscndgas = .FALSE.
2961	lscndh2oae = .FALSE.
2962	lsdepo = .FALSE.
2963	lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE.
2964	lsdepo_surf = .FALSE.
2965	lsdistupdate = .TRUE.
2966	lspartition = .FALSE.
2967
2968	CASE(2) !< Spinup period
2969	lscoag = ( .FALSE. .AND. nlcoag )
2970	lscnd = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcnd )
2971	lscndgas = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndgas )
2972	lscndh2oae = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndh2oae )
2973
2974	CASE(3) !< Run
2975	lscoag = nlcoag
2976	lscnd = nlcnd
2977	lscndgas = nlcndgas
2978	lscndh2oae = nlcndh2oae
2979	lsdepo = nldepo
2980	lsdepo_pcm = nldepo_pcm
2981	lsdepo_surf = nldepo_surf
2982	lsdistupdate = nldistupdate
2983	END SELECT
2984
2985
2986	END SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime
2987
2988	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2989	! Description:
2990	! ------------
2991	!> Calculates the absolute temperature (using hydrostatic pressure), saturation
2992	!> vapour pressure and mixing ratio over water, relative humidity and air
2993	!> density needed in the SALSA model.
2994	!> NOTE, no saturation adjustment takes place -> the resulting water vapour
2995	!> mixing ratio can be supersaturated, allowing the microphysical calculations
2996	!> in SALSA.
2997	!
2998	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014 (original SALSAthrm)
2999	!> Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017 (adjustment for PALM and only aerosol processes)
3000	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3001	SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij, temp_ij, cw_ij, cs_ij, adn_ij )
3002
3003	USE arrays_3d, &
3004	ONLY: pt, q, zu
3005
3006	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
3007	ONLY: barometric_formula, exner_function, ideal_gas_law_rho, magnus
3008
3009	USE control_parameters, &
3010	ONLY: pt_surface, surface_pressure
3011
3012	IMPLICIT NONE
3013
3014	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !<
3015	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !<
3016
3017	REAL(wp) :: t_surface !< absolute surface temperature (K)
3018
3019	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: e_s !< saturation vapour pressure over water (Pa)
3020
3021	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: adn_ij !< air density (kg/m3)
3022	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: p_ij !< air pressure (Pa)
3023	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: temp_ij !< air temperature (K)
3024
3025	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cw_ij !< water vapour concentration (kg/m3)
3026	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cs_ij !< saturation water vap. conc.(kg/m3)
3027	!
3028	!-- Pressure p_ijk (Pa) = hydrostatic pressure
3029	t_surface = pt_surface * exner_function( surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3030	p_ij(:) = barometric_formula( zu, t_surface, surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3031	!
3032	!-- Absolute ambient temperature (K)
3033	temp_ij(:) = pt(:,j,i) * exner_function( p_ij(:) )
3034	!
3035	!-- Air density
3036	adn_ij(:) = ideal_gas_law_rho( p_ij(:), temp_ij(:) )
3037	!
3038	!-- Water vapour concentration r_v (kg/m3)
3039	IF ( PRESENT( cw_ij ) ) THEN
3040	cw_ij(:) = ( q(:,j,i) / ( 1.0_wp - q(:,j,i) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3041	ENDIF
3042	!
3043	!-- Saturation mixing ratio r_s (kg/kg) from vapour pressure at temp (Pa)
3044	IF ( PRESENT( cs_ij ) ) THEN
3045	e_s(:) = 611.0_wp * EXP( alv_d_rv * ( 3.6609E-3_wp - 1.0_wp / &
3046	temp_ij(:) ) )! magnus( temp_ij(:) )
3047	cs_ij(:) = ( 0.622_wp * e_s / ( p_ij(:) - e_s(:) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3048	ENDIF
3049
3050	END SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij
3051
3052	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3053	! Description:
3054	! ------------
3055	!> Calculates ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of
3056	!> particles with water using the ZSR method (Stokes and Robinson, 1966).
3057	!> Method:
3058	!> Following chemical components are assumed water-soluble
3059	!> - (ammonium) sulphate (100%)
3060	!> - sea salt (100 %)
3061	!> - organic carbon (epsoc * 100%)
3062	!> Exact thermodynamic considerations neglected.
3063	!> - If particles contain no sea salt, calculation according to sulphate
3064	!> properties
3065	!> - If contain sea salt but no sulphate, calculation according to sea salt
3066	!> properties
3067	!> - If contain both sulphate and sea salt -> the molar fraction of these
3068	!> compounds determines which one of them is used as the basis of calculation.
3069	!> If sulphate and sea salt coexist in a particle, it is assumed that the Cl is
3070	!> replaced by sulphate; thus only either sulphate + organics or sea salt +
3071	!> organics is included in the calculation of soluble fraction.
3072	!> Molality parameterizations taken from Table 1 of Tang: Thermodynamic and
3073	!> optical properties of mixed-salt aerosols of atmospheric importance,
3074	!> J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D2), 1883-1893 (1997)
3075	!
3076	!> Coded by:
3077	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
3078	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
3079	!> Matti Niskanen(FMI) 2012
3080	!> Anton Laakso (FMI) 2013
3081	!> Modified for the new aerosol datatype, Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
3082	!
3083	!> fxm: should sea salt form a solid particle when prh is very low (even though
3084	!> it could be mixed with e.g. sulphate)?
3085	!> fxm: crashes if no sulphate or sea salt
3086	!> fxm: do we really need to consider Kelvin effect for subrange 2
3087	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3088	SUBROUTINE equilibration( prh, ptemp, paero, init )
3089
3090	IMPLICIT NONE
3091
3092	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3093	INTEGER(iwp) :: counti !< loop index
3094
3095	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: init !< TRUE: Initialization, FALSE: Normal runtime: update water
3096	!< content only for 1a
3097
3098	REAL(wp) :: zaw !< water activity [0-1]
3099	REAL(wp) :: zcore !< Volume of dry particle
3100	REAL(wp) :: zdold !< Old diameter
3101	REAL(wp) :: zdwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter
3102	REAL(wp) :: zke !< Kelvin term in the KÃ¶hler equation
3103	REAL(wp) :: zlwc !< liquid water content [kg/m3-air]
3104	REAL(wp) :: zrh !< Relative humidity
3105
3106	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zbinmol !< binary molality of each components (mol/kg)
3107	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zvpart !< volume of chem. compounds in one particle
3108
3109	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prh !< relative humidity [0-1]
3110	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptemp !< temperature (K)
3111
3112	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3113
3114	zaw = 0.0_wp
3115	zlwc = 0.0_wp
3116	!
3117	!-- Relative humidity:
3118	zrh = prh
3119	zrh = MAX( zrh, 0.05_wp )
3120	zrh = MIN( zrh, 0.98_wp)
3121	!
3122	!-- 1) Regime 1: sulphate and partly water-soluble OC. Done for every CALL
3123	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a ! size bin
3124
3125	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3126	zdold = 1.0_wp
3127	zke = 1.02_wp
3128
3129	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3130	!
3131	!-- Volume in one particle
3132	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3133	zvpart(1:2) = paero(ib)%volc(1:2) / paero(ib)%numc
3134	zvpart(6:7) = paero(ib)%volc(6:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3135	!
3136	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle
3137	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:2) )
3138	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3139
3140	counti = 0
3141	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-2_wp )
3142
3143	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3144	zaw = MAX( 1.0E-3_wp, zrh / zke ) ! To avoid underflow
3145	!
3146	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3147	!-- Sulphate
3148	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3149	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3150	!-- Organic carbon
3151	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3152	!-- Nitric acid
3153	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - 6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw**2 &
3154	+ 5.510176187E+2_wp * zaw*3 - 1.460055286E+3_wp zaw**4 &
3155	+ 1.894467542E+3_wp * zaw*5 - 1.220611402E+3_wp zaw**6 &
3156	+ 3.098597737E+2_wp * zaw**7
3157	!
3158	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air) using ZSR (see e.g. Eq. 10.98 in
3159	!-- Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3160	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3161	epsoc * paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3162	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3/amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6)
3163	!
3164	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3165	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3166	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3167	!
3168	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006)). Avoid
3169	!-- overflow.
3170	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * ptemp * zdwet ) ) )
3171
3172	counti = counti + 1
3173	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3174	message_string = 'Subrange 1: no convergence!'
3175	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0617', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3176	ENDIF
3177	ENDDO
3178	!
3179	!-- Instead of lwc, use the volume concentration of water from now on
3180	!-- (easy to convert...)
3181	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3182	!
3183	!-- If this is initialization, update the core and wet diameter
3184	IF ( init ) THEN
3185	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3186	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3187	ENDIF
3188
3189	ELSE
3190	!-- If initialization
3191	!-- 1.2) empty bins given bin average values
3192	IF ( init ) THEN
3193	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3194	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3195	ENDIF
3196
3197	ENDIF
3198
3199	ENDDO ! ib
3200	!
3201	!-- 2) Regime 2a: sulphate, OC, BC and sea salt
3202	!-- This is done only for initialization call, otherwise the water contents
3203	!-- are computed via condensation
3204	IF ( init ) THEN
3205	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2b
3206	!
3207	!-- Initialize
3208	zke = 1.02_wp
3209	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3210	zdold = 1.0_wp
3211	!
3212	!-- 1) Particle properties calculated for non-empty bins
3213	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3214	!
3215	!-- Volume in one particle [fxm]
3216	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3217	zvpart(1:7) = paero(ib)%volc(1:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3218	!
3219	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle [fxm]
3220	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:5) )
3221	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3222
3223	counti = 0
3224	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-12_wp )
3225
3226	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3227	zaw = zrh / zke
3228	!
3229	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3230	!-- Sulphate
3231	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3232	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3233	!-- Organic carbon
3234	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3235	!-- Nitric acid
3236	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - &
3237	6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw*2 + 5.510176187E+2_wp zaw**3 - &
3238	1.460055286E+3_wp * zaw*4 + 1.894467542E+3_wp zaw**5 - &
3239	1.220611402E+3_wp * zaw*6 + 3.098597737E+2_wp zaw**7
3240	!-- Sea salt (natrium chloride)
3241	zbinmol(5) = 5.875248E+1_wp - 1.8781997E+2_wp * zaw + 2.7211377E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3242	1.8458287E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 4.153689E+1_wp zaw**4
3243	!
3244	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air)
3245	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3246	epsoc * ( paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3247	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3 / amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6) + &
3248	( paero(ib)%volc(5) * ( arhoss / amss ) ) / zbinmol(5)
3249
3250	!-- Particle wet radius (m)
3251	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3252	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3253	!
3254	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3255	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * zdwet * ptemp ) ) )
3256
3257	counti = counti + 1
3258	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3259	message_string = 'Subrange 2: no convergence!'
3260	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0618', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3261	ENDIF
3262	ENDDO
3263	!
3264	!-- Liquid water content; instead of LWC use the volume concentration
3265	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3266	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3267	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3268
3269	ELSE
3270	!-- 2.2) empty bins given bin average values
3271	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3272	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3273	ENDIF
3274
3275	ENDDO ! ib
3276	ENDIF
3277
3278	END SUBROUTINE equilibration
3279
3280	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3281	!> Description:
3282	!> ------------
3283	!> Calculation of the settling velocity vc (m/s) per aerosol size bin and
3284	!> deposition on plant canopy (lsdepo_pcm).
3285	!
3286	!> Deposition is based on either the scheme presented in:
3287	!> Zhang et al. (2001), Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560 (includes collection due to
3288	!> Brownian diffusion, impaction, interception and sedimentation; hereafter ZO1)
3289	!> OR
3290	!> Petroff & Zhang (2010), Geosci. Model Dev. 3, 753-769 (includes also
3291	!> collection due to turbulent impaction, hereafter P10)
3292	!
3293	!> Equation numbers refer to equation in Jacobson (2005): Fundamentals of
3294	!> Atmospheric Modeling, 2nd Edition.
3295	!
3296	!> Subroutine follows closely sedim_SALSA in UCLALES-SALSA written by Juha
3297	!> Tonttila (KIT/FMI) and Zubair Maalick (UEF).
3298	!> Rewritten to PALM by Mona Kurppa (UH), 2017.
3299	!
3300	!> Call for grid point i,j,k
3301	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3302
3303	SUBROUTINE deposition( paero, tk, adn, mag_u, lad, kvis, schmidt_num, vc )
3304
3305	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
3306	ONLY: cdc
3307
3308	IMPLICIT NONE
3309
3310	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3311
3312	REAL(wp) :: avis !< molecular viscocity of air (kg/(m*s))
3313	REAL(wp) :: Cc !< Cunningham slip-flow correction factor
3314	REAL(wp) :: Kn !< Knudsen number
3315	REAL(wp) :: lambda !< molecular mean free path (m)
3316	REAL(wp) :: mdiff !< particle diffusivity coefficient
3317	REAL(wp) :: pdn !< particle density (kg/m3)
3318	REAL(wp) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3319	REAL(wp) :: va !< thermal speed of an air molecule (m/s)
3320	REAL(wp) :: zdwet !< wet diameter (m)
3321
3322	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: adn !< air density (kg/m3)
3323	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3324	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3325	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: tk !< abs.temperature (K)
3326
3327	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3328
3329	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3330	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: vc !< critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity of
3331	!< an aerosol particle (m/s)
3332
3333	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3334	!
3335	!-- Initialise
3336	pdn = 1500.0_wp ! default value
3337	ustar = 0.0_wp
3338	!
3339	!-- Molecular viscosity of air (Eq. 4.54)
3340	avis = 1.8325E-5_wp * ( 416.16_wp / ( tk + 120.0_wp ) ) * ( tk / 296.16_wp )**1.5_wp
3341	!
3342	!-- Kinematic viscosity (Eq. 4.55)
3343	kvis = avis / adn
3344	!
3345	!-- Thermal velocity of an air molecule (Eq. 15.32)
3346	va = SQRT( 8.0_wp * abo * tk / ( pi * am_airmol ) )
3347	!
3348	!-- Mean free path (m) (Eq. 15.24)
3349	lambda = 2.0_wp * avis / ( adn * va )
3350
3351	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3352
3353	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3354	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3355	!
3356	!-- Knudsen number (Eq. 15.23)
3357	Kn = MAX( 1.0E-2_wp, lambda / ( zdwet * 0.5_wp ) ) ! To avoid underflow
3358	!
3359	!-- Cunningham slip-flow correction (Eq. 15.30)
3360	Cc = 1.0_wp + Kn * ( 1.249_wp + 0.42_wp * EXP( -0.87_wp / Kn ) )
3361
3362	!-- Particle diffusivity coefficient (Eq. 15.29)
3363	mdiff = ( abo * tk * Cc ) / ( 3.0_wp * pi * avis * zdwet )
3364	!
3365	!-- Particle Schmidt number (Eq. 15.36)
3366	schmidt_num(ib) = kvis / mdiff
3367	!
3368	!-- Critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity (Eq. 20.4)
3369	vc(ib) = MIN( 1.0_wp, terminal_vel( 0.5_wp * zdwet, pdn, adn, avis, Cc) )
3370	!
3371	!-- Friction velocity for deposition on vegetation. Calculated following Prandtl (1925):
3372	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy .AND. lad > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3373	ustar = SQRT( cdc ) * mag_u
3374	CALL depo_pcm( paero, ib, vc(ib), mag_u, ustar, kvis, schmidt_num(ib), lad )
3375	ENDIF
3376	ENDDO
3377
3378	END SUBROUTINE deposition
3379
3380	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3381	! Description:
3382	! ------------
3383	!> Calculate change in number and volume concentrations due to deposition on
3384	!> plant canopy.
3385	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3386	SUBROUTINE depo_pcm( paero, ib, vc, mag_u, ustar, kvis_a, schmidt_num, lad )
3387
3388	IMPLICIT NONE
3389
3390	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3391
3392	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: ib !< loop index
3393
3394	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3395	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3396	REAL(wp) :: depo !< deposition efficiency
3397	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3398	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3399	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3400	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3401	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3402	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3403	!< Table 3 in Z01
3404	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3405	REAL(wp) :: rs !< overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3406	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3407	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3408	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3409	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3410	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3411	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3412
3413	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: kvis_a !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3414	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3415	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3416	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3417	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3418	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3419
3420	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3421	!
3422	!-- Initialise
3423	rs = 0.0_wp
3424	tau_plus = 0.0_wp
3425	v_bd = 0.0_wp
3426	v_im = 0.0_wp
3427	v_in = 0.0_wp
3428	v_it = 0.0_wp
3429
3430	IF ( depo_pcm_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
3431	!
3432	!-- Parameters for the land use category 'deciduous broadleaf trees'(Table 3)
3433	alpha = alpha_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3434	gamma = gamma_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3435	par_a = A_z01(depo_pcm_type_num, season) * 1.0E-3_wp
3436	!
3437	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3438	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_a )
3439	!
3440	!-- The overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles (Zhang et al., Eq. 5)
3441	rs = MAX( EPSILON( 1.0_wp ), ( 3.0_wp * ustar * EXP( -stokes_num*0.5_wp ) &
3442	( schmidt_num( -gamma ) + ( stokes_num / ( alpha + stokes_num ) )2 + &
3443	0.5_wp * ( paero(ib)%dwet / par_a )**2 ) ) )
3444
3445	depo = ( rs + vc ) * lad
3446
3447	ELSEIF ( depo_pcm_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
3448	!
3449	!-- vd = v_BD + v_IN + v_IM + v_IT + vc
3450	!-- Deposition efficiencies from Table 1. Constants from Table 2.
3451	par_l = l_p10(depo_pcm_type_num) * 0.01_wp
3452	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3453	c_interception = c_in_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3454	c_impaction = c_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3455	beta_im = beta_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3456	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3457	!
3458	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3459	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_l )
3460	!
3461	!-- Non-dimensional relexation time of the particle on top of canopy
3462	tau_plus = vc * ustar*2 / ( kvis_a g )
3463	!
3464	!-- Brownian diffusion
3465	v_bd = mag_u * c_brownian_diff * schmidt_num*( -0.66666666_wp ) &
3466	( mag_u * par_l / kvis_a )**( -0.5_wp )
3467	!
3468	!-- Interception
3469	v_in = mag_u * c_interception * paero(ib)%dwet / par_l * ( 2.0_wp + LOG( 2.0_wp * par_l / &
3470	paero(ib)%dwet ) )
3471	!
3472	!-- Impaction: Petroff (2009) Eq. 18
3473	v_im = mag_u * c_impaction * ( stokes_num / ( stokes_num + beta_im ) )**2
3474	!
3475	!-- Turbulent impaction
3476	IF ( tau_plus < 20.0_wp ) THEN
3477	v_it = 2.5E-3_wp * c_turb_impaction * tau_plus**2
3478	ELSE
3479	v_it = c_turb_impaction
3480	ENDIF
3481
3482	depo = ( v_bd + v_in + v_im + v_it + vc ) * lad
3483
3484	ENDIF
3485	!
3486	!-- Calculate the change in concentrations
3487	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc - depo * paero(ib)%numc * dt_salsa
3488	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1
3489	paero(ib)%volc(ic) = paero(ib)%volc(ic) - depo * paero(ib)%volc(ic) * dt_salsa
3490	ENDDO
3491
3492	END SUBROUTINE depo_pcm
3493
3494	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3495	! Description:
3496	! ------------
3497	!> Calculate the dry deposition on horizontal and vertical surfaces. Implement
3498	!> as a surface flux.
3499	!> @todo aerodynamic resistance ignored for now (not important for
3500	! high-resolution simulations)
3501	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3502	SUBROUTINE depo_surf( i, j, surf, vc, schmidt_num, kvis, mag_u, norm, l )
3503
3504	USE arrays_3d, &
3505	ONLY: rho_air_zw
3506
3507	USE surface_mod, &
3508	ONLY: surf_type
3509
3510	IMPLICIT NONE
3511
3512	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3513	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3514	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !< additional loop index
3515	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
3516	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< loop index
3517	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_e !< End index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3518	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_s !< Start index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3519
3520	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
3521	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
3522
3523	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in), OPTIONAL :: l !< index variable for surface facing
3524
3525	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: norm !< to normalise or not
3526
3527	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3528	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3529	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3530	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3531	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3532	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3533	REAL(wp) :: depo !< deposition efficiency
3534	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3535	REAL(wp) :: norm_fac !< normalisation factor (usually air density)
3536	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3537	!< Table 3 in Z01
3538	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3539	REAL(wp) :: rs !< the overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3540	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for bluff surface elements
3541	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3542	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3543	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3544	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3545	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3546
3547	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3548	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3549
3550	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3551	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3552
3553	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(inout) :: surf !< respective surface type
3554	!
3555	!-- Initialise
3556	rs = 0.0_wp
3557	surf_s = surf%start_index(j,i)
3558	surf_e = surf%end_index(j,i)
3559	tau_plus = 0.0_wp
3560	v_bd = 0.0_wp
3561	v_im = 0.0_wp
3562	v_in = 0.0_wp
3563	v_it = 0.0_wp
3564	!
3565	!-- Model parameters for the land use category. If LSM is applied, import
3566	!-- characteristics. Otherwise, apply surface type "urban".
3567	alpha = alpha_z01(luc_urban)
3568	gamma = gamma_z01(luc_urban)
3569	par_a = A_z01(luc_urban, season) * 1.0E-3_wp
3570
3571	par_l = l_p10(luc_urban) * 0.01_wp
3572	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(luc_urban)
3573	c_interception = c_in_p10(luc_urban)
3574	c_impaction = c_im_p10(luc_urban)
3575	beta_im = beta_im_p10(luc_urban)
3576	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(luc_urban)
3577
3578	DO m = surf_s, surf_e
3579	k = surf%k(m)
3580
3581	IF ( norm ) THEN
3582	norm_fac = rho_air_zw(k)
3583	IF ( land_surface ) THEN
3584	alpha = alpha_z01( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3585	beta_im = beta_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3586	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3587	c_impaction = c_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3588	c_interception = c_in_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3589	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3590	gamma = gamma_z01( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3591	par_a = A_z01( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m), season ) * 1.0E-3_wp
3592	par_l = l_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) ) * 0.01_wp
3593	ENDIF
3594	ELSE
3595	norm_fac = 0.0_wp
3596	IF ( land_surface ) THEN
3597	alpha = alpha_z01( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3598	beta_im = beta_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3599	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3600	c_impaction = c_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3601	c_interception = c_in_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3602	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3603	gamma = gamma_z01( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3604	par_a = A_z01( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m), season ) * 1.0E-3_wp
3605	par_l = l_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) ) * 0.01_wp
3606	ENDIF
3607	ENDIF
3608
3609	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3610	IF ( aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) <= nclim .OR. schmidt_num(k+1,ib) < 1.0_wp ) CYCLE
3611
3612	IF ( depo_surf_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
3613	!
3614	!-- Stokes number for smooth surfaces or surfaces with bluff roughness
3615	!-- elements (Seinfeld and Pandis, 2nd edition (2006): Eq. 19.23)
3616	stokes_num = MAX( 0.01_wp, vc(k+1,ib) * surf%us(m)*2 / ( g kvis(k+1) ) )
3617	!
3618	!-- The overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles (Eq. 5)
3619	rs = MAX( EPSILON( 1.0_wp ), ( 3.0_wp * surf%us(m) * ( schmidt_num(k+1,ib)**( -gamma )&
3620	+ ( stokes_num / ( alpha + stokes_num ) )*2 + 0.5_wp ( ra_dry(k,j,i,ib) /&
3621	par_a )*2 ) EXP( -stokes_num**0.5_wp ) ) )
3622	depo = vc(k+1,ib) + rs
3623
3624	ELSEIF ( depo_surf_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
3625	!
3626	!-- vd = v_BD + v_IN + v_IM + v_IT + vc
3627	!
3628	!-- Stokes number for smooth surfaces or surfaces with bluff roughness
3629	!-- elements (Seinfeld and Pandis, 2nd edition (2006): Eq. 19.23)
3630	stokes_num = MAX( 0.01_wp, vc(k+1,ib) * surf%us(m)*2 / ( g kvis(k+1) ) )
3631	!
3632	!-- Non-dimensional relexation time of the particle on top of canopy
3633	tau_plus = vc(k+1,ib) * surf%us(m)*2 / ( kvis(k+1) g )
3634	!
3635	!-- Brownian diffusion
3636	v_bd = mag_u(k+1) * c_brownian_diff * schmidt_num(k+1,ib)*( -0.666666_wp ) &
3637	( mag_u(k+1) * par_l / kvis(k+1) )**( -0.5_wp )
3638	!
3639	!-- Interception
3640	v_in = mag_u(k+1) * c_interception * ra_dry(k,j,i,ib)/ par_l * &
3641	( 2.0_wp + LOG( 2.0_wp * par_l / ra_dry(k,j,i,ib) ) )
3642	!
3643	!-- Impaction: Petroff (2009) Eq. 18
3644	v_im = mag_u(k+1) * c_impaction * ( stokes_num / ( stokes_num + beta_im ) )**2
3645
3646	IF ( tau_plus < 20.0_wp ) THEN
3647	v_it = 2.5E-3_wp * c_turb_impaction * tau_plus**2
3648	ELSE
3649	v_it = c_turb_impaction
3650	ENDIF
3651	depo = v_bd + v_in + v_im + v_it + vc(k+1,ib)
3652
3653	ENDIF
3654	!
3655	!-- Calculate changes in surface fluxes due to dry deposition
3656	IF ( aero_emission_att%lod == 2 .OR. salsa_emission_mode == 'no_emission' ) THEN
3657	surf%answs(m,ib) = -depo * norm_fac * aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i)
3658	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
3659	icc = ( ic - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
3660	surf%amsws(m,icc) = -depo * norm_fac * aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(k,j,i)
3661	ENDDO ! ic
3662	ELSE
3663	surf%answs(m,ib) = aerosol_number(ib)%source(j,i) - &
3664	MAX( 0.0_wp, depo * norm_fac * aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) )
3665	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
3666	icc = ( ic - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
3667	surf%amsws(m,icc) = aerosol_mass(icc)%source(j,i) - &
3668	MAX( 0.0_wp, depo * norm_fac * aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(k,j,i) )
3669	ENDDO ! ic
3670	ENDIF
3671	ENDDO ! ib
3672	ENDDO ! m
3673
3674	END SUBROUTINE depo_surf
3675
3676	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3677	! Description:
3678	! ------------
3679	! Function for calculating terminal velocities for different particles sizes.
3680	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3681	REAL(wp) FUNCTION terminal_vel( radius, rhop, rhoa, visc, beta )
3682
3683	IMPLICIT NONE
3684
3685	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: beta !< Cunningham correction factor
3686	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: radius !< particle radius (m)
3687	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: rhop !< particle density (kg/m3)
3688	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: rhoa !< air density (kg/m3)
3689	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: visc !< molecular viscosity of air (kg/(m*s))
3690
3691	!
3692	!-- Stokes law with Cunningham slip correction factor
3693	terminal_vel = 4.0_wp * radius*2 ( rhop - rhoa ) * g * beta / ( 18.0_wp * visc ) ! (m/s)
3694
3695	END FUNCTION terminal_vel
3696
3697	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3698	! Description:
3699	! ------------
3700	!> Calculates particle loss and change in size distribution due to (Brownian)
3701	!> coagulation. Only for particles with dwet < 30 micrometres.
3702	!
3703	!> Method:
3704	!> Semi-implicit, non-iterative method: (Jacobson, 1994)
3705	!> Volume concentrations of the smaller colliding particles added to the bin of
3706	!> the larger colliding particles. Start from first bin and use the updated
3707	!> number and volume for calculation of following bins. NB! Our bin numbering
3708	!> does not follow particle size in subrange 2.
3709	!
3710	!> Schematic for bin numbers in different subranges:
3711	!> 1 2
3712	!> +-------------------------------------------+
3713	!> a \| 1 \| 2 \| 3 \|\| 4 \| 5 \| 6 \| 7 \| 8 \| 9 \| 10\|\|
3714	!> b \| \|\|11 \|12 \|13 \|14 \| 15 \| 16 \| 17\|\|
3715	!> +-------------------------------------------+
3716	!
3717	!> Exact coagulation coefficients for each pressure level are scaled according
3718	!> to current particle wet size (linear scaling).
3719	!> Bins are organized in terms of the dry size of the condensation nucleus,
3720	!> while coagulation kernell is calculated with the actual hydrometeor
3721	!> size.
3722	!
3723	!> Called from salsa_driver
3724	!> fxm: Process selection should be made smarter - now just lots of IFs inside
3725	!> loops
3726	!
3727	!> Coded by:
3728	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
3729	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
3730	!> Tommi Bergman (FMI) 2012
3731	!> Matti Niskanen(FMI) 2012
3732	!> Anton Laakso (FMI) 2013
3733	!> Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
3734	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3735	SUBROUTINE coagulation( paero, ptstep, ptemp, ppres )
3736
3737	IMPLICIT NONE
3738
3739	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_2a !< corresponding bin in subrange 2a
3740	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_2b !< corresponding bin in subrange 2b
3741	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3742	INTEGER(iwp) :: ll !< loop index
3743	INTEGER(iwp) :: mm !< loop index
3744	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !< loop index
3745
3746	REAL(wp) :: pressi !< pressure
3747	REAL(wp) :: temppi !< temperature
3748	REAL(wp) :: zdpart_mm !< diameter of particle (m)
3749	REAL(wp) :: zdpart_nn !< diameter of particle (m)
3750	REAL(wp) :: zminusterm !< coagulation loss in a bin (1/s)
3751
3752	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ppres !< ambient pressure (Pa)
3753	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptemp !< ambient temperature (K)
3754	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptstep !< time step (s)
3755
3756	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: zmpart !< approximate mass of particles (kg)
3757	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec+1) :: zplusterm !< coagulation gain in a bin (for each
3758	!< chemical compound)
3759	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol,nbins_aerosol) :: zcc !< updated coagulation coefficients (m3/s)
3760
3761	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< Aerosol properties
3762
3763	zdpart_mm = 0.0_wp
3764	zdpart_nn = 0.0_wp
3765	!
3766	!-- 1) Coagulation to coarse mode calculated in a simplified way:
3767	!-- CoagSink ~ Dp in continuum subrange, thus we calculate 'effective'
3768	!-- number concentration of coarse particles
3769
3770	!-- 2) Updating coagulation coefficients
3771	!
3772	!-- Aerosol mass (kg). Density of 1500 kg/m3 assumed
3773	zmpart(1:end_subrange_2b) = api6 * ( MIN( paero(1:end_subrange_2b)%dwet, 30.0E-6_wp )**3 ) &
3774	* 1500.0_wp
3775	temppi = ptemp
3776	pressi = ppres
3777	zcc = 0.0_wp
3778	!
3779	!-- Aero-aero coagulation
3780	DO mm = 1, end_subrange_2b ! smaller colliding particle
3781	IF ( paero(mm)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3782	DO nn = mm, end_subrange_2b ! larger colliding particle
3783	IF ( paero(nn)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3784
3785	zdpart_mm = MIN( paero(mm)%dwet, 30.0E-6_wp ) ! Limit to 30 um
3786	zdpart_nn = MIN( paero(nn)%dwet, 30.0E-6_wp ) ! Limit to 30 um
3787	!
3788	!-- Coagulation coefficient of particles (m3/s)
3789	zcc(mm,nn) = coagc( zdpart_mm, zdpart_nn, zmpart(mm), zmpart(nn), temppi, pressi )
3790	zcc(nn,mm) = zcc(mm,nn)
3791	ENDDO
3792	ENDDO
3793
3794	!
3795	!-- 3) New particle and volume concentrations after coagulation:
3796	!-- Calculated according to Jacobson (2005) eq. 15.9
3797	!
3798	!-- Aerosols in subrange 1a:
3799	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
3800	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3801	zminusterm = 0.0_wp
3802	zplusterm(:) = 0.0_wp
3803	!
3804	!-- Particles lost by coagulation with larger aerosols
3805	DO ll = ib+1, end_subrange_2b
3806	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3807	ENDDO
3808	!
3809	!-- Coagulation gain in a bin: change in volume conc. (cm3/cm3):
3810	DO ll = start_subrange_1a, ib - 1
3811	zplusterm(1:2) = zplusterm(1:2) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:2)
3812	zplusterm(6:7) = zplusterm(6:7) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(6:7)
3813	zplusterm(8) = zplusterm(8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(8)
3814	ENDDO
3815	!
3816	!-- Volume and number concentrations after coagulation update [fxm]
3817	paero(ib)%volc(1:2) = ( paero(ib)%volc(1:2) + ptstep * zplusterm(1:2) * paero(ib)%numc ) / &
3818	( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3819	paero(ib)%volc(6:8) = ( paero(ib)%volc(6:8) + ptstep * zplusterm(6:8) * paero(ib)%numc ) / &
3820	( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3821	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc / ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm + 0.5_wp * ptstep * &
3822	zcc(ib,ib) * paero(ib)%numc )
3823	ENDDO
3824	!
3825	!-- Aerosols in subrange 2a:
3826	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
3827	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3828	zminusterm = 0.0_wp
3829	zplusterm(:) = 0.0_wp
3830	!
3831	!-- Find corresponding size bin in subrange 2b
3832	index_2b = ib - start_subrange_2a + start_subrange_2b
3833	!
3834	!-- Particles lost by larger particles in 2a
3835	DO ll = ib+1, end_subrange_2a
3836	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3837	ENDDO
3838	!
3839	!-- Particles lost by larger particles in 2b
3840	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
3841	DO ll = index_2b+1, end_subrange_2b
3842	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3843	ENDDO
3844	ENDIF
3845	!
3846	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in subranges 1, 2a and 2b
3847	DO ll = start_subrange_1a, ib-1
3848	zplusterm(1:2) = zplusterm(1:2) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:2)
3849	zplusterm(6:8) = zplusterm(6:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(6:8)
3850	ENDDO
3851	!
3852	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in 2a
3853	!-- (Note, for components not included in the previous loop!)
3854	DO ll = start_subrange_2a, ib-1
3855	zplusterm(3:5) = zplusterm(3:5) + zcc(ll,ib)*paero(ll)%volc(3:5)
3856	ENDDO
3857	!
3858	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller (and equal) particles in 2b
3859	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
3860	DO ll = start_subrange_2b, index_2b
3861	zplusterm(1:8) = zplusterm(1:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:8)
3862	ENDDO
3863	ENDIF
3864	!
3865	!-- Volume and number concentrations after coagulation update [fxm]
3866	paero(ib)%volc(1:8) = ( paero(ib)%volc(1:8) + ptstep * zplusterm(1:8) * paero(ib)%numc ) / &
3867	( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3868	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc / ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm + 0.5_wp * ptstep * &
3869	zcc(ib,ib) * paero(ib)%numc )
3870	ENDDO
3871	!
3872	!-- Aerosols in subrange 2b:
3873	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
3874	DO ib = start_subrange_2b, end_subrange_2b
3875	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3876	zminusterm = 0.0_wp
3877	zplusterm(:) = 0.0_wp
3878	!
3879	!-- Find corresponding size bin in subsubrange 2a
3880	index_2a = ib - start_subrange_2b + start_subrange_2a
3881	!
3882	!-- Particles lost to larger particles in subranges 2b
3883	DO ll = ib + 1, end_subrange_2b
3884	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3885	ENDDO
3886	!
3887	!-- Particles lost to larger and equal particles in 2a
3888	DO ll = index_2a, end_subrange_2a
3889	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3890	ENDDO
3891	!
3892	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in subranges 1 & 2a
3893	DO ll = start_subrange_1a, index_2a - 1
3894	zplusterm(1:8) = zplusterm(1:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:8)
3895	ENDDO
3896	!
3897	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in 2b
3898	DO ll = start_subrange_2b, ib - 1
3899	zplusterm(1:8) = zplusterm(1:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:8)
3900	ENDDO
3901	!
3902	!-- Volume and number concentrations after coagulation update [fxm]
3903	paero(ib)%volc(1:8) = ( paero(ib)%volc(1:8) + ptstep * zplusterm(1:8) * paero(ib)%numc ) &
3904	/ ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3905	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc / ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm + 0.5_wp * ptstep * &
3906	zcc(ib,ib) * paero(ib)%numc )
3907	ENDDO
3908	ENDIF
3909
3910	END SUBROUTINE coagulation
3911
3912	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3913	! Description:
3914	! ------------
3915	!> Calculation of coagulation coefficients. Extended version of the function
3916	!> originally found in mo_salsa_init.
3917	!
3918	!> J. Tonttila, FMI, 05/2014
3919	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3920	REAL(wp) FUNCTION coagc( diam1, diam2, mass1, mass2, temp, pres )
3921
3922	IMPLICIT NONE
3923
3924	REAL(wp) :: fmdist !< distance of flux matching (m)
3925	REAL(wp) :: knud_p !< particle Knudsen number
3926	REAL(wp) :: mdiam !< mean diameter of colliding particles (m)
3927	REAL(wp) :: mfp !< mean free path of air molecules (m)
3928	REAL(wp) :: visc !< viscosity of air (kg/(m s))
3929
3930	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diam1 !< diameter of colliding particle 1 (m)
3931	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diam2 !< diameter of colliding particle 2 (m)