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salsa_mod.f90 @ 3871

Last change on this file since 3871 was 3871, checked in by knoop, 6 years ago
Moving prognostic equations of bcm into bulk_cloud_model_mod
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 475.8 KB

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1	!> @file salsa_mod.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM-4U.
4	!
5	! PALM-4U is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM-4U is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2018-2018 University of Helsinki
18	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
19	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
20	!
21	! Current revisions:
22	! -----------------
23	!
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: salsa_mod.f90 3871 2019-04-08 14:38:39Z knoop $
28	! Major changes in formatting, performance and data input structure (see branch
29	! the history for details)
30	! - Time-dependent emissions enabled: lod=1 for yearly PM emissions that are
31	! normalised depending on the time, and lod=2 for preprocessed emissions
32	! (similar to the chemistry module).
33	! - Additionally, 'uniform' emissions allowed. This emission is set constant on
34	! all horisontal upward facing surfaces and it is created based on parameters
35	! surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg/sigmag/mass_fracs_a/mass_fracs_b.
36	! - All emissions are now implemented as surface fluxes! No 3D sources anymore.
37	! - Update the emission information by calling salsa_emission_update if
38	! skip_time_do_salsa >= time_since_reference_point and
39	! next_aero_emission_update <= time_since_reference_point
40	! - Aerosol background concentrations read from PIDS_DYNAMIC. The vertical grid
41	! must match the one applied in the model.
42	! - Gas emissions and background concentrations can be also read in in salsa_mod
43	! if the chemistry module is not applied.
44	! - In deposition, information on the land use type can be now imported from
45	! the land use model
46	! - Use SI units in PARIN, i.e. n_lognorm given in #/m3 and dpg in metres.
47	! - Apply 100 character line limit
48	! - Change all variable names from capital to lowercase letter
49	! - Change real exponents to integer if possible. If not, precalculate the value
50	! value of exponent
51	! - Rename in1a to start_subrange_1a, fn2a to end_subrange_1a etc.
52	! - Rename nbins --> nbins_aerosol, ncc_tot --> ncomponents_mass and ngast -->
53	! ngases_salsa
54	! - Rename ibc to index_bc, idu to index_du etc.
55	! - Renamed loop indices b, c and sg to ib, ic and ig
56	! - run_salsa subroutine removed
57	! - Corrected a bud in salsa_driver: falsely applied ino instead of inh
58	! - Call salsa_tendency within salsa_prognostic_equations which is called in
59	! module_interface_mod instead of prognostic_equations_mod
60	! - Removed tailing white spaces and unused variables
61	! - Change error message to start by PA instead of SA
62	!
63	! 3833 2019-03-28 15:04:04Z forkel
64	! added USE chem_gasphase_mod for nvar, nspec and spc_names
65	!
66	! 3787 2019-03-07 08:43:54Z raasch
67	! unused variables removed
68	!
69	! 3780 2019-03-05 11:19:45Z forkel
70	! unused variable for file index removed from rrd-subroutines parameter list
71	!
72	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
73	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
74	!
75	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
76	! Implementation of the PALM module interface
77	!
78	! 3636 2018-12-19 13:48:34Z raasch
79	! nopointer option removed
80	!
81	! 3630 2018-12-17 11:04:17Z knoop
82	! - Moved the control parameter "salsa" from salsa_mod.f90 to control_parameters
83	! - Updated salsa_rrd_local and salsa_wrd_local
84	! - Add target attribute
85	! - Revise initialization in case of restarts
86	! - Revise masked data output
87	!
88	! 3582 2018-11-29 19:16:36Z suehring
89	! missing comma separator inserted
90	!
91	! 3483 2018-11-02 14:19:26Z raasch
92	! bugfix: directives added to allow compilation without netCDF
93	!
94	! 3481 2018-11-02 09:14:13Z raasch
95	! temporary variable cc introduced to circumvent a possible Intel18 compiler bug
96	! related to contiguous/non-contguous pointer/target attributes
97	!
98	! 3473 2018-10-30 20:50:15Z suehring
99	! NetCDF input routine renamed
100	!
101	! 3467 2018-10-30 19:05:21Z suehring
102	! Initial revision
103	!
104	! 3412 2018-10-24 07:25:57Z monakurppa
105	!
106	! Authors:
107	! --------
108	! @author Mona Kurppa (University of Helsinki)
109	!
110	!
111	! Description:
112	! ------------
113	!> Sectional aerosol module for large scale applications SALSA
114	!> (Kokkola et al., 2008, ACP 8, 2469-2483). Solves the aerosol number and mass
115	!> concentration as well as chemical composition. Includes aerosol dynamic
116	!> processes: nucleation, condensation/evaporation of vapours, coagulation and
117	!> deposition on tree leaves, ground and roofs.
118	!> Implementation is based on formulations implemented in UCLALES-SALSA except
119	!> for deposition which is based on parametrisations by Zhang et al. (2001,
120	!> Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560) or Petroff&Zhang (2010, Geosci. Model Dev. 3,
121	!> 753-769)
122	!>
123	!> @todo Apply information from emission_stack_height to lift emission sources
124	!> @todo emission mode "parameterized", i.e. based on street type
125	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
126	MODULE salsa_mod
127
128	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
129	ONLY: c_p, g, p_0, pi, r_d
130
131	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
132	ONLY: nspec, nvar, spc_names
133
134	USE chemistry_model_mod, &
135	ONLY: chem_species
136
137	USE chem_modules, &
138	ONLY: call_chem_at_all_substeps, chem_gasphase_on
139
140	USE control_parameters
141
142	USE indices, &
143	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb, &
144	nzb_s_inner, nz, nzt, wall_flags_0
145
146	USE kinds
147
148	USE pegrid
149
150	USE salsa_util_mod
151
152	USE statistics, &
153	ONLY: sums_salsa_ws_l
154
155	IMPLICIT NONE
156	!
157	!-- SALSA constants:
158	!
159	!-- Local constants:
160	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: luc_urban = 8 !< default landuse type for urban: use desert!
161	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: ngases_salsa = 5 !< total number of gaseous tracers:
162	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV
163	!< (non-volatile OC), 5 = OCSV (semi-volatile)
164	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nmod = 7 !< number of modes for initialising the aerosol size
165	!< distribution
166	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nreg = 2 !< Number of main size subranges
167	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: maxspec = 7 !< Max. number of aerosol species
168	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: season = 1 !< For dry depostion by Zhang et al.: 1 = summer,
169	!< 2 = autumn (no harvest yet), 3 = late autumn
170	!< (already frost), 4 = winter, 5 = transitional spring
171	!
172	!-- Universal constants
173	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: abo = 1.380662E-23_wp !< Boltzmann constant (J/K)
174	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv = 2.260E+6_wp !< latent heat for H2O
175	!< vaporisation (J/kg)
176	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv_d_rv = 4896.96865_wp !< alv / rv
177	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: am_airmol = 4.8096E-26_wp !< Average mass of one air
178	!< molecule (Jacobson,
179	!< 2005, Eq. 2.3)
180	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: api6 = 0.5235988_wp !< pi / 6
181	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas = 8.314409_wp !< Gas constant (J/(mol K))
182	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas_d_cpd = 8.281283865E-3_wp !< argas per cpd
183	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: avo = 6.02214E+23_wp !< Avogadro constant (1/mol)
184	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: d_sa = 5.539376964394570E-10_wp !< diameter of condensing sulphuric
185	!< acid molecule (m)
186	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: for_ppm_to_nconc = 7.243016311E+16_wp !< ppm * avo / R (K/(Pa*m3))
187	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: epsoc = 0.15_wp !< water uptake of organic
188	!< material
189	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: mclim = 1.0E-23_wp !< mass concentration min limit (kg/m3)
190	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: n3 = 158.79_wp !< Number of H2SO4 molecules in 3 nm cluster
191	!< if d_sa=5.54e-10m
192	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: nclim = 1.0_wp !< number concentration min limit (#/m3)
193	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: surfw0 = 0.073_wp !< surface tension of water at 293 K (J/m2)
194	!
195	!-- Molar masses in kg/mol
196	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: ambc = 12.0E-3_wp !< black carbon (BC)
197	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdair = 28.970E-3_wp !< dry air
198	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdu = 100.E-3_wp !< mineral dust
199	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2o = 18.0154E-3_wp !< H2O
200	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2so4 = 98.06E-3_wp !< H2SO4
201	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amhno3 = 63.01E-3_wp !< HNO3
202	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amn2o = 44.013E-3_wp !< N2O
203	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amnh3 = 17.031E-3_wp !< NH3
204	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo2 = 31.9988E-3_wp !< O2
205	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo3 = 47.998E-3_wp !< O3
206	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amoc = 150.E-3_wp !< organic carbon (OC)
207	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amss = 58.44E-3_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
208	!
209	!-- Densities in kg/m3
210	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhobc = 2000.0_wp !< black carbon
211	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhodu = 2650.0_wp !< mineral dust
212	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2o = 1000.0_wp !< H2O
213	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2so4 = 1830.0_wp !< SO4
214	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhohno3 = 1479.0_wp !< HNO3
215	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhonh3 = 1530.0_wp !< NH3
216	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhooc = 2000.0_wp !< organic carbon
217	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoss = 2165.0_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
218	!
219	!-- Volume of molecule in m3/#
220	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2o = amh2o /avo / arhoh2o !< H2O
221	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2so4 = amh2so4 / avo / arhoh2so4 !< SO4
222	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvhno3 = amhno3 / avo / arhohno3 !< HNO3
223	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvnh3 = amnh3 / avo / arhonh3 !< NH3
224	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvoc = amoc / avo / arhooc !< OC
225	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvss = amss / avo / arhoss !< sea salt
226	!
227	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Petroff and Zhang (2010):
228	!-- obstacle characteristic dimension "L" (cm) (plane obstacle by default) and empirical constants
229	!-- C_B, C_IN, C_IM, beta_IM and C_IT for each land use category (15, as in Zhang et al. (2001))
230	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: l_p10 = &
231	(/0.15, 4.0, 0.15, 3.0, 3.0, 0.5, 3.0, -99., 0.5, 2.0, 1.0, -99., -99., -99., 3.0/)
232	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_b_p10 = &
233	(/0.887, 1.262, 0.887, 1.262, 1.262, 0.996, 0.996, -99., 0.7, 0.93, 0.996, -99., -99., -99., 1.262/)
234	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_in_p10 = &
235	(/0.81, 0.216, 0.81, 0.216, 0.216, 0.191, 0.162, -99., 0.7, 0.14, 0.162, -99., -99., -99., 0.216/)
236	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_im_p10 = &
237	(/0.162, 0.13, 0.162, 0.13, 0.13, 0.191, 0.081, -99., 0.191, 0.086, 0.081, -99., -99., -99., 0.13/)
238	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: beta_im_p10 = &
239	(/0.6, 0.47, 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, -99., 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, -99., -99., -99., 0.47/)
240	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_it_p10 = &
241	(/0.0, 0.056, 0.0, 0.056, 0.056, 0.042, 0.056, -99., 0.042, 0.014, 0.056, -99., -99., -99., 0.056/)
242	!
243	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Zhang et al. (2001):
244	!-- empirical constants "alpha" and "gamma" and characteristic radius "A" for
245	!-- each land use category (15) and season (5)
246	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: alpha_z01 = &
247	(/1.0, 0.6, 1.1, 0.8, 0.8, 1.2, 1.2, 50.0, 50.0, 1.3, 2.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0, 1.5/)
248	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: gamma_z01 = &
249	(/0.56, 0.58, 0.56, 0.56, 0.56, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.50, 0.50, 0.56/)
250	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15,1:5), PARAMETER :: A_z01 = RESHAPE( (/&
251	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC1
252	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC2
253	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC3
254	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC4
255	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0 & ! SC5
256	/), (/ 15, 5 /) )
257	!-- Land use categories (based on Z01 but the same applies here also for P10):
258	!-- 1 = evergreen needleleaf trees,
259	!-- 2 = evergreen broadleaf trees,
260	!-- 3 = deciduous needleleaf trees,
261	!-- 4 = deciduous broadleaf trees,
262	!-- 5 = mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees (deciduous broadleaf trees for P10),
263	!-- 6 = grass (short grass for P10),
264	!-- 7 = crops, mixed farming,
265	!-- 8 = desert,
266	!-- 9 = tundra,
267	!-- 10 = shrubs and interrupted woodlands (thorn shrubs for P10),
268	!-- 11 = wetland with plants (long grass for P10)
269	!-- 12 = ice cap and glacier,
270	!-- 13 = inland water (inland lake for P10)
271	!-- 14 = ocean (water for P10),
272	!-- 15 = urban
273	!
274	!-- SALSA variables:
275	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_b = 'neumann' !< bottom boundary condition
276	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_t = 'neumann' !< top boundary condition
277	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
278	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_type = 'deciduous_broadleaf' !< leaf type
279	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_surf_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
280	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_dynamic = 'PIDS_DYNAMIC' !< file name for dynamic input
281	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_salsa = 'PIDS_SALSA' !< file name for emission data
282	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: salsa_emission_mode = 'no_emission' !< 'no_emission', 'uniform',
283	!< 'parameterized', 'read_from_file'
284
285	CHARACTER(LEN=20), DIMENSION(4) :: decycle_method = &
286	(/'dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet'/)
287	!< Decycling method at horizontal boundaries
288	!< 1=left, 2=right, 3=south, 4=north
289	!< dirichlet = initial profiles for the ghost and first 3 layers
290	!< neumann = zero gradient
291
292	CHARACTER(LEN=3), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: listspec = & !< Active aerosols
293	(/'SO4',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '/)
294
295	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_type_num = 0 !< index for the dry deposition type on the plant canopy
296	INTEGER(iwp) :: dots_salsa = 0 !< starting index for salsa-timeseries
297	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_1a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 1a
298	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2a
299	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2b = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2b
300	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_b !< index for the bottom boundary condition
301	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_t !< index for the top boundary condition
302	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_bc = -1 !< index for black carbon (BC)
303	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_du = -1 !< index for dust
304	INTEGER(iwp) :: igctyp = 0 !< Initial gas concentration type
305	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
306	!< 1 = read vertical profile from an input file
307	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_nh = -1 !< index for NH3
308	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_no = -1 !< index for HNO3
309	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_oc = -1 !< index for organic carbon (OC)
310	INTEGER(iwp) :: isdtyp = 0 !< Initial size distribution type
311	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
312	!< 1 = read vertical profile of the mode number
313	!< concentration from an input file
314	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_so4 = -1 !< index for SO4 or H2SO4
315	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_ss = -1 !< index for sea salt
316	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_gas_emissions = 0 !< level of detail of the gaseous emission data
317	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins_aerosol = 1 !< total number of size bins
318	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 1 !< number of chemical components used
319	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomponents_mass = 1 !< total number of chemical compounds (ncc+1)
320	!< if particle water is advected)
321	INTEGER(iwp) :: nj3 = 1 !< J3 parametrization (nucleation)
322	!< 1 = condensational sink (Kerminen&Kulmala, 2002)
323	!< 2 = coagulational sink (Lehtinen et al. 2007)
324	!< 3 = coagS+self-coagulation (Anttila et al. 2010)
325	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsnucl = 0 !< Choice of the nucleation scheme:
326	!< 0 = off
327	!< 1 = binary nucleation
328	!< 2 = activation type nucleation
329	!< 3 = kinetic nucleation
330	!< 4 = ternary nucleation
331	!< 5 = nucleation with ORGANICs
332	!< 6 = activation type of nucleation with H2SO4+ORG
333	!< 7 = heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
334	!< 8 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4
335	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
336	!< 9 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and ORG
337	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
338	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_1a = 1 !< start index for bin subranges: subrange 1a
339	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2a = 1 !< subrange 2a
340	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2b = 1 !< subrange 2b
341
342	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nreg) :: nbin = (/ 3, 7/) !< Number of size bins per subrange: 1 & 2
343
344	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: gas_index_chem = &
345	(/ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1/) !< gas indices in chemistry_model_mod
346	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV, 5 = OCSV
347	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: emission_index_chem !< gas indices in the gas emission file
348
349	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_topo_top !< vertical index of the topography top
350	!
351	!-- SALSA switches:
352	LOGICAL :: advect_particle_water = .TRUE. !< advect water concentration of particles
353	LOGICAL :: decycle_lr = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundary conditions: left and right
354	LOGICAL :: decycle_ns = .FALSE. !< north and south boundaries
355	LOGICAL :: feedback_to_palm = .FALSE. !< allow feedback due to condensation of H2O
356	LOGICAL :: nest_salsa = .FALSE. !< apply nesting for salsa
357	LOGICAL :: no_insoluble = .FALSE. !< Switch to exclude insoluble chemical components
358	LOGICAL :: read_restart_data_salsa = .FALSE. !< read restart data for salsa
359	LOGICAL :: salsa_gases_from_chem = .FALSE. !< Transfer the gaseous components to SALSA from
360	!< from chemistry model
361	LOGICAL :: van_der_waals_coagc = .FALSE. !< Enhancement of coagulation kernel by van der
362	!< Waals and viscous forces
363	LOGICAL :: write_binary_salsa = .FALSE. !< read binary for salsa
364	!
365	!-- Process switches: nl* is read from the NAMELIST and is NOT changed.
366	!-- ls* is the switch used and will get the value of nl*
367	!-- except for special circumstances (spinup period etc.)
368	LOGICAL :: nlcoag = .FALSE. !< Coagulation master switch
369	LOGICAL :: lscoag = .FALSE. !<
370	LOGICAL :: nlcnd = .FALSE. !< Condensation master switch
371	LOGICAL :: lscnd = .FALSE. !<
372	LOGICAL :: nlcndgas = .FALSE. !< Condensation of precursor gases
373	LOGICAL :: lscndgas = .FALSE. !<
374	LOGICAL :: nlcndh2oae = .FALSE. !< Condensation of H2O on aerosol
375	LOGICAL :: lscndh2oae = .FALSE. !< particles (FALSE -> equilibrium calc.)
376	LOGICAL :: nldepo = .FALSE. !< Deposition master switch
377	LOGICAL :: lsdepo = .FALSE. !<
378	LOGICAL :: nldepo_surf = .FALSE. !< Deposition on vegetation master switch
379	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_surf = .FALSE. !<
380	LOGICAL :: nldepo_pcm = .FALSE. !< Deposition on walls master switch
381	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE. !<
382	LOGICAL :: nldistupdate = .TRUE. !< Size distribution update master switch
383	LOGICAL :: lsdistupdate = .FALSE. !<
384	LOGICAL :: lspartition = .FALSE. !< Partition of HNO3 and NH3
385
386	REAL(wp) :: act_coeff = 1.0E-7_wp !< Activation coefficient
387	REAL(wp) :: dt_salsa = 0.00001_wp !< Time step of SALSA
388	REAL(wp) :: h2so4_init = nclim !< Init value for sulphuric acid gas
389	REAL(wp) :: hno3_init = nclim !< Init value for nitric acid gas
390	REAL(wp) :: last_salsa_time = 0.0_wp !< previous salsa call
391	REAL(wp) :: next_aero_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
392	REAL(wp) :: next_gas_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
393	REAL(wp) :: nf2a = 1.0_wp !< Number fraction allocated to 2a-bins
394	REAL(wp) :: nh3_init = nclim !< Init value for ammonia gas
395	REAL(wp) :: ocnv_init = nclim !< Init value for non-volatile organic gases
396	REAL(wp) :: ocsv_init = nclim !< Init value for semi-volatile organic gases
397	REAL(wp) :: rhlim = 1.20_wp !< RH limit in %/100. Prevents unrealistical RH
398	REAL(wp) :: skip_time_do_salsa = 0.0_wp !< Starting time of SALSA (s)
399	!
400	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres),
401	!-- standard deviation (sigmag) and concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3)
402	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: dpg = &
403	(/0.013_wp, 0.054_wp, 0.86_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp/)
404	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: sigmag = &
405	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
406	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: n_lognorm = &
407	(/1.04e+11_wp, 3.23E+10_wp, 5.4E+6_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
408	!
409	!-- Initial mass fractions / chemical composition of the size distribution
410	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_a = & !< mass fractions between
411	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for A bins
412	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_b = & !< mass fractions between
413	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for B bins
414	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nreg+1) :: reglim = & !< Min&max diameters of size subranges
415	(/ 3.0E-9_wp, 5.0E-8_wp, 1.0E-5_wp/)
416	!
417	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres), standard deviation (sigmag)
418	!-- concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3) and mass fractions of all chemical components (listed in
419	!-- listspec) for both a (soluble) and b (insoluble) bins.
420	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_dpg = &
421	(/0.013_wp, 0.054_wp, 0.86_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp/)
422	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_sigmag = &
423	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
424	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: surface_aerosol_flux = &
425	(/1.04e+11_wp, 3.23E+10_wp, 5.4E+6_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
426	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a = &
427	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
428	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b = &
429	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
430
431	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bin_low_limits !< to deliver information about
432	!< the lower diameters per bin
433	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_am_t_val !< vertical gradient of: aerosol mass
434	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_an_t_val !< of: aerosol number
435	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_gt_t_val !< salsa gases near domain top
436	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: gas_emission_time !< Time array in gas emission data (s)
437	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsect !< Background number concentrations
438	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: massacc !< Mass accomodation coefficients
439	!
440	!-- SALSA derived datatypes:
441	!
442	!-- For matching LSM and the deposition module surface types
443	TYPE match_lsm_depo
444	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match
445	END TYPE match_lsm_depo
446	!
447	!-- Aerosol emission data attributes
448	TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
449
450	CHARACTER(LEN=25) :: units
451
452	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_name !<
453	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !<
454	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: unit_time !<
455	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !<
456
457	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod = 0 !< level of detail
458	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins = 10 !< number of aerosol size bins
459	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncat = 0 !< number of emission categories
460	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 7 !< number of aerosol chemical components
461	INTEGER(iwp) :: nhoursyear = 0 !< number of hours: HOURLY mode
462	INTEGER(iwp) :: nmonthdayhour = 0 !< number of month days and hours: MDH mode
463	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
464	INTEGER(iwp) :: nt = 0 !< number of time steps
465	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz = 0 !< number of vertical levels
466	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind !< time index for reference time in salsa emission data
467
468	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_input_to_model !<
469
470	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_index !< Index of emission categories
471	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_index !< Index of chemical components
472
473	REAL(wp) :: conversion_factor !< unit conversion factor for aerosol emissions
474
475	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: dmid !< mean diameters of size bins (m)
476	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: rho !< average density (kg/m3)
477	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time !< time (s)
478	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time_factor !< emission time factor
479	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: z !< height (m)
480
481	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: etf !< emission time factor
482	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: stack_height
483
484	END TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
485	!
486	!-- The default size distribution and mass composition per emission category:
487	!-- 1 = traffic, 2 = road dust, 3 = wood combustion, 4 = other
488	!-- Mass fractions: H2SO4, OC, BC, DU, SS, HNO3, NH3
489	TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
490
491	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndm = 3 !< number of default modes
492	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndc = 4 !< number of default categories
493
494	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_name_table = (/'traffic exhaust', &
495	'road dust ', &
496	'wood combustion', &
497	'other '/)
498
499	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_input_to_model !<
500
501	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: dpg_table = (/ 13.5E-9_wp, 1.4E-6_wp, 5.4E-8_wp/) !<
502	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ntot_table !<
503	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: sigmag_table = (/ 1.6_wp, 1.4_wp, 1.7_wp /) !<
504
505	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:maxspec,1:4) :: mass_frac_table = & !<
506	RESHAPE( (/ 0.04_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
507	0.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.95_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
508	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
509	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp &
510	/), (/maxspec,4/) )
511
512	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3,1:4) :: pm_frac_table = & !< rel. mass
513	RESHAPE( (/ 0.016_wp, 0.000_wp, 0.984_wp, &
514	0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, &
515	0.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, &
516	1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp &
517	/), (/3,4/) )
518
519	END TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
520	!
521	!-- Aerosol emission data values
522	TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
523
524	REAL(wp) :: fill !< fill value
525
526	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_mass_fracs !< mass fractions
527
528	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_mass_fracs !< mass fractions per emis. category
529
530	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_data !< surface emission values in PM
531	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_data !< surface emission values per bin
532
533	END TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
534	!
535	!-- Prognostic variable: Aerosol size bin information (number (#/m3) and mass (kg/m3) concentration)
536	!-- and the concentration of gaseous tracers (#/m3). Gas tracers are contained sequentially in
537	!-- dimension 4 as:
538	!-- 1. H2SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV (non-volatile organics), 5. OCSV (semi-volatile)
539	TYPE salsa_variable
540
541	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: init !<
542
543	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: diss_s !<
544	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: flux_s !<
545	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: source !<
546	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: sums_ws_l !<
547
548	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: diss_l !<
549	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: flux_l !<
550
551	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: conc !<
552	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: conc_p !<
553	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: tconc_m !<
554
555	END TYPE salsa_variable
556	!
557	!-- Datatype used to store information about the binned size distributions of aerosols
558	TYPE t_section
559
560	REAL(wp) :: dmid !< bin middle diameter (m)
561	REAL(wp) :: vhilim !< bin volume at the high limit
562	REAL(wp) :: vlolim !< bin volume at the low limit
563	REAL(wp) :: vratiohi !< volume ratio between the center and high limit
564	REAL(wp) :: vratiolo !< volume ratio between the center and low limit
565	!******************************************************
566	! ^ Do NOT change the stuff above after initialization !
567	!******************************************************
568	REAL(wp) :: core !< Volume of dry particle
569	REAL(wp) :: dwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter (m)
570	REAL(wp) :: numc !< Number concentration of particles/droplets (#/m3)
571	REAL(wp) :: veqh2o !< Equilibrium H2O concentration for each particle
572
573	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec+1) :: volc !< Volume concentrations (m^3/m^3) of aerosols +
574	!< water. Since most of the stuff in SALSA is hard
575	!< coded, these have to be in the order
576	!< 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
577	END TYPE t_section
578
579	TYPE(salsa_emission_attribute_type) :: aero_emission_att !< emission attributes
580	TYPE(salsa_emission_value_type) :: aero_emission !< emission values
581	TYPE(salsa_emission_mode_type) :: def_modes !< default emission modes
582
583	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: aero !< local aerosol properties
584
585	TYPE(match_lsm_depo) :: lsm_to_depo_h
586
587	TYPE(match_lsm_depo), DIMENSION(0:3) :: lsm_to_depo_v
588	!
589	!-- SALSA variables: as x = x(k,j,i,bin).
590	!-- The 4th dimension contains all the size bins sequentially for each aerosol species + water.
591	!
592	!-- Prognostic variables:
593	!
594	!-- Number concentration (#/m3)
595	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: aerosol_number !<
596	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_1 !<
597	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_2 !<
598	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_3 !<
599	!
600	!-- Mass concentration (kg/m3)
601	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: aerosol_mass !<
602	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_1 !<
603	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_2 !<
604	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_3 !<
605	!
606	!-- Gaseous concentrations (#/m3)
607	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: salsa_gas !<
608	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_1 !<
609	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_2 !<
610	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_3 !<
611	!
612	!-- Diagnostic tracers
613	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:) :: sedim_vd !< sedimentation velocity per bin (m/s)
614	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:) :: ra_dry !< aerosol dry radius (m)
615
616	!-- Particle component index tables
617	TYPE(component_index) :: prtcl !< Contains "getIndex" which gives the index for a given aerosol
618	!< component name: 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
619	!
620	!-- Data output arrays:
621	!
622	!-- Gases:
623	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_h2so4_av !< H2SO4
624	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_hno3_av !< HNO3
625	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_nh3_av !< NH3
626	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_ocnv_av !< non-volatile OC
627	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_ocsv_av !< semi-volatile OC
628	!
629	!-- Integrated:
630	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: ldsa_av !< lung-deposited surface area
631	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: ntot_av !< total number concentration
632	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: pm25_av !< PM2.5
633	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: pm10_av !< PM10
634	!
635	!-- In the particle phase:
636	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_bc_av !< black carbon
637	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_du_av !< dust
638	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_h2o_av !< liquid water
639	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_nh_av !< ammonia
640	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_no_av !< nitrates
641	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_oc_av !< org. carbon
642	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_so4_av !< sulphates
643	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_ss_av !< sea salt
644	!
645	!-- Bin specific mass and number concentrations:
646	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mbins_av !< bin mas
647	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nbins_av !< bin number
648
649	!
650	!-- PALM interfaces:
651	!
652	!-- Boundary conditions:
653	INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
654	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds
655	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds_decycle
656	END INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
657	!
658	!-- Data output checks for 2D/3D data to be done in check_parameters
659	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
660	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output
661	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
662	!
663	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
664	INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
665	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_parameters
666	END INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
667	!
668	!-- Averaging of 3D data for output
669	INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
670	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_3d_data_averaging
671	END INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
672	!
673	!-- Data output of 2D quantities
674	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
675	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_2d
676	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
677	!
678	!-- Data output of 3D data
679	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
680	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_3d
681	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
682	!
683	!-- Data output of 3D data
684	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
685	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_mask
686	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
687	!
688	!-- Definition of data output quantities
689	INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
690	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
691	END INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
692	!
693	!-- Output of information to the header file
694	INTERFACE salsa_header
695	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_header
696	END INTERFACE salsa_header
697	!
698	!-- Initialization actions
699	INTERFACE salsa_init
700	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init
701	END INTERFACE salsa_init
702	!
703	!-- Initialization of arrays
704	INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
705	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init_arrays
706	END INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
707	!
708	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs !!! renaming?!
709	INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
710	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_wrd_local
711	END INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
712	!
713	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
714	INTERFACE salsa_parin
715	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_parin
716	END INTERFACE salsa_parin
717	!
718	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
719	INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
720	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_rrd_local
721	END INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
722	!
723	!-- Swapping of time levels (required for prognostic variables)
724	INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
725	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_swap_timelevel
726	END INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
727	!
728	!-- Interface between PALM and salsa
729	INTERFACE salsa_driver
730	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_driver
731	END INTERFACE salsa_driver
732
733	!-- Actions salsa variables
734	INTERFACE salsa_actions
735	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions
736	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_actions_ij
737	END INTERFACE salsa_actions
738	!
739	!-- Prognostics equations for salsa variables
740	INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
741	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations
742	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations_ij
743	END INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
744	!
745	!-- Tendency salsa variables
746	INTERFACE salsa_tendency
747	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency
748	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency_ij
749	END INTERFACE salsa_tendency
750
751
752	SAVE
753
754	PRIVATE
755	!
756	!-- Public functions:
757	PUBLIC salsa_boundary_conds, salsa_check_data_output, salsa_check_parameters, &
758	salsa_3d_data_averaging, salsa_data_output_2d, salsa_data_output_3d, &
759	salsa_data_output_mask, salsa_define_netcdf_grid, salsa_diagnostics, salsa_driver, &
760	salsa_emission_update, salsa_header, salsa_init, salsa_init_arrays, salsa_parin, &
761	salsa_rrd_local, salsa_swap_timelevel, salsa_prognostic_equations, salsa_wrd_local, &
762	salsa_actions
763	!
764	!-- Public parameters, constants and initial values
765	PUBLIC bc_am_t_val, bc_an_t_val, bc_gt_t_val, dots_salsa, dt_salsa, &
766	ibc_salsa_b, last_salsa_time, lsdepo, nest_salsa, salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem, &
767	skip_time_do_salsa
768	!
769	!-- Public prognostic variables
770	PUBLIC aerosol_mass, aerosol_number, gconc_2, mconc_2, nbins_aerosol, ncc, ncomponents_mass, &
771	nclim, nconc_2, ngases_salsa, prtcl, ra_dry, salsa_gas, sedim_vd
772
773
774	CONTAINS
775
776	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
777	! Description:
778	! ------------
779	!> Parin for &salsa_par for new modules
780	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
781	SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
782
783	IMPLICIT NONE
784
785	CHARACTER(LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line
786	!< of the parameter file
787
788	NAMELIST /salsa_parameters/ aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a, &
789	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b, aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
790	advect_particle_water, bc_salsa_b, bc_salsa_t, decycle_lr, &
791	decycle_method, decycle_ns, depo_pcm_par, depo_pcm_type, &
792	depo_surf_par, dpg, dt_salsa, feedback_to_palm, h2so4_init, &
793	hno3_init, igctyp, isdtyp, listspec, mass_fracs_a, &
794	mass_fracs_b, n_lognorm, nbin, nest_salsa, nf2a, nh3_init, &
795	nj3, nlcnd, nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae, nlcoag, nldepo, nldepo_pcm, &
796	nldepo_surf, nldistupdate, nsnucl, ocnv_init, ocsv_init, &
797	read_restart_data_salsa, reglim, salsa, salsa_emission_mode, &
798	sigmag, skip_time_do_salsa, surface_aerosol_flux, &
799	van_der_waals_coagc, write_binary_salsa
800
801	line = ' '
802	!
803	!-- Try to find salsa package
804	REWIND ( 11 )
805	line = ' '
806	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&salsa_parameters' ) == 0 )
807	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
808	ENDDO
809	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
810	!
811	!-- Read user-defined namelist
812	READ ( 11, salsa_parameters )
813	!
814	!-- Enable salsa (salsa switch in modules.f90)
815	salsa = .TRUE.
816
817	10 CONTINUE
818
819	END SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
820
821	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
822	! Description:
823	! ------------
824	!> Check parameters routine for salsa.
825	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
826	SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
827
828	USE control_parameters, &
829	ONLY: message_string
830
831	IMPLICIT NONE
832
833	!
834	!-- Checks go here (cf. check_parameters.f90).
835	IF ( salsa .AND. .NOT. humidity ) THEN
836	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'salsa = ', salsa, ' is not allowed with humidity = ', humidity
837	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0594', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
838	ENDIF
839
840	IF ( bc_salsa_b == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
841	ibc_salsa_b = 0
842	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_b == 'neumann' ) THEN
843	ibc_salsa_b = 1
844	ELSE
845	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_b = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
846	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0595', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
847	ENDIF
848
849	IF ( bc_salsa_t == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
850	ibc_salsa_t = 0
851	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'neumann' ) THEN
852	ibc_salsa_t = 1
853	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'nested' ) THEN
854	ibc_salsa_t = 2
855	ELSE
856	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_t = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
857	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0596', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
858	ENDIF
859
860	IF ( nj3 < 1 .OR. nj3 > 3 ) THEN
861	message_string = 'unknown nj3 (must be 1-3)'
862	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0597', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
863	ENDIF
864
865	IF ( salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' .AND. ibc_salsa_b == 0 ) THEN
866	message_string = 'salsa_emission_mode == read_from_file requires bc_salsa_b = "Neumann"'
867	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters','PA0598', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
868	ENDIF
869
870	END SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
871
872	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
873	!
874	! Description:
875	! ------------
876	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
877	!> It is called out from subroutine netcdf.
878	!> Same grid as for other scalars (see netcdf_interface_mod.f90)
879	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
880	SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
881
882	IMPLICIT NONE
883
884	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !<
885	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !<
886	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !<
887	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !<
888
889	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
890
891	found = .TRUE.
892	!
893	!-- Check for the grid
894
895	IF ( var(1:2) == 'g_' ) THEN
896	grid_x = 'x'
897	grid_y = 'y'
898	grid_z = 'zu'
899	ELSEIF ( var(1:4) == 'LDSA' ) THEN
900	grid_x = 'x'
901	grid_y = 'y'
902	grid_z = 'zu'
903	ELSEIF ( var(1:5) == 'm_bin' ) THEN
904	grid_x = 'x'
905	grid_y = 'y'
906	grid_z = 'zu'
907	ELSEIF ( var(1:5) == 'N_bin' ) THEN
908	grid_x = 'x'
909	grid_y = 'y'
910	grid_z = 'zu'
911	ELSEIF ( var(1:4) == 'Ntot' ) THEN
912	grid_x = 'x'
913	grid_y = 'y'
914	grid_z = 'zu'
915	ELSEIF ( var(1:2) == 'PM' ) THEN
916	grid_x = 'x'
917	grid_y = 'y'
918	grid_z = 'zu'
919	ELSEIF ( var(1:2) == 's_' ) THEN
920	grid_x = 'x'
921	grid_y = 'y'
922	grid_z = 'zu'
923	ELSE
924	found = .FALSE.
925	grid_x = 'none'
926	grid_y = 'none'
927	grid_z = 'none'
928	ENDIF
929
930	END SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
931
932	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
933	! Description:
934	! ------------
935	!> Header output for new module
936	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
937	SUBROUTINE salsa_header( io )
938
939	IMPLICIT NONE
940
941	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
942	!
943	!-- Write SALSA header
944	WRITE( io, 1 )
945	WRITE( io, 2 ) skip_time_do_salsa
946	WRITE( io, 3 ) dt_salsa
947	WRITE( io, 4 ) SHAPE( aerosol_number(1)%conc ), nbins_aerosol
948	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
949	WRITE( io, 5 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol, &
950	advect_particle_water
951	ELSE
952	WRITE( io, 5 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ncc*nbins_aerosol, advect_particle_water
953	ENDIF
954	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
955	WRITE( io, 6 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ngases_salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem
956	ENDIF
957	WRITE( io, 7 )
958	IF ( nsnucl > 0 ) THEN
959	WRITE( io, 8 ) nsnucl, nj3
960	ENDIF
961	IF ( nlcoag ) THEN
962	WRITE( io, 9 )
963	ENDIF
964	IF ( nlcnd ) THEN
965	WRITE( io, 10 ) nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae
966	ENDIF
967	IF ( lspartition ) THEN
968	WRITE( io, 11 )
969	ENDIF
970	IF ( nldepo ) THEN
971	WRITE( io, 12 ) nldepo_pcm, nldepo_surf
972	ENDIF
973	WRITE( io, 13 ) reglim, nbin, bin_low_limits
974	IF ( isdtyp == 0 ) WRITE( io, 14 ) nsect
975	WRITE( io, 15 ) ncc, listspec, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
976	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
977	WRITE( io, 16 ) ngases_salsa, h2so4_init, hno3_init, nh3_init, ocnv_init, ocsv_init
978	ENDIF
979	WRITE( io, 17 ) isdtyp, igctyp
980	IF ( isdtyp == 0 ) THEN
981	WRITE( io, 18 ) dpg, sigmag, n_lognorm
982	ELSE
983	WRITE( io, 19 )
984	ENDIF
985	IF ( nest_salsa ) WRITE( io, 20 ) nest_salsa
986	WRITE( io, 21 ) salsa_emission_mode
987
988
989	1 FORMAT (//' SALSA information:'/ &
990	' ------------------------------'/)
991	2 FORMAT (' Starts at: skip_time_do_salsa = ', F10.2, ' s')
992	3 FORMAT (/' Timestep: dt_salsa = ', F6.2, ' s')
993	4 FORMAT (/' Array shape (z,y,x,bins):'/ &
994	' aerosol_number: ', 4(I3))
995	5 FORMAT (/' aerosol_mass: ', 4(I3),/ &
996	' (advect_particle_water = ', L1, ')')
997	6 FORMAT (' salsa_gas: ', 4(I3),/ &
998	' (salsa_gases_from_chem = ', L1, ')')
999	7 FORMAT (/' Aerosol dynamic processes included: ')
1000	8 FORMAT (/' nucleation (scheme = ', I1, ' and J3 parametrization = ', I1, ')')
1001	9 FORMAT (/' coagulation')
1002	10 FORMAT (/' condensation (of precursor gases = ', L1, ' and water vapour = ', L1, ')' )
1003	11 FORMAT (/' dissolutional growth by HNO3 and NH3')
1004	12 FORMAT (/' dry deposition (on vegetation = ', L1, ' and on topography = ', L1, ')')
1005	13 FORMAT (/' Aerosol bin subrange limits (in metres): ', 3(ES10.2E3), / &
1006	' Number of size bins for each aerosol subrange: ', 2I3,/ &
1007	' Aerosol bin limits (in metres): ', 9(ES10.2E3))
1008	14 FORMAT (' Initial number concentration in bins at the lowest level (#/m**3):', 9(ES10.2E3))
1009	15 FORMAT (/' Number of chemical components used: ', I1,/ &
1010	' Species: ',7(A6),/ &
1011	' Initial relative contribution of each species to particle volume in:',/ &
1012	' a-bins: ', 7(F6.3),/ &
1013	' b-bins: ', 7(F6.3))
1014	16 FORMAT (/' Number of gaseous tracers used: ', I1,/ &
1015	' Initial gas concentrations:',/ &
1016	' H2SO4: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1017	' HNO3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1018	' NH3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1019	' OCNV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1020	' OCSV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3')
1021	17 FORMAT (/' Initialising concentrations: ', / &
1022	' Aerosol size distribution: isdtyp = ', I1,/ &
1023	' Gas concentrations: igctyp = ', I1 )
1024	18 FORMAT ( ' Mode diametres: dpg(nmod) = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1025	' Standard deviation: sigmag(nmod) = ', 7(F7.2),/ &
1026	' Number concentration: n_lognorm(nmod) = ', 7(ES12.4E3), ' (#/m3)' )
1027	19 FORMAT (/' Size distribution read from a file.')
1028	20 FORMAT (/' Nesting for salsa variables: ', L1 )
1029	21 FORMAT (/' Emissions: salsa_emission_mode = ', A )
1030
1031	END SUBROUTINE salsa_header
1032
1033	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1034	! Description:
1035	! ------------
1036	!> Allocate SALSA arrays and define pointers if required
1037	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1038	SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1039
1040	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
1041	ONLY: nvar
1042
1043	USE surface_mod, &
1044	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
1045
1046	IMPLICIT NONE
1047
1048	INTEGER(iwp) :: gases_available !< Number of available gas components in the chemistry model
1049	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index for allocating
1050	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for allocating: surfaces
1051	INTEGER(iwp) :: lsp !< loop index for chem species in the chemistry model
1052
1053	gases_available = 0
1054	!
1055	!-- Allocate prognostic variables (see salsa_swap_timelevel)
1056	!
1057	!-- Set derived indices:
1058	!-- (This does the same as the subroutine salsa_initialize in SALSA/UCLALES-SALSA)
1059	start_subrange_1a = 1 ! 1st index of subrange 1a
1060	start_subrange_2a = start_subrange_1a + nbin(1) ! 1st index of subrange 2a
1061	end_subrange_1a = start_subrange_2a - 1 ! last index of subrange 1a
1062	end_subrange_2a = end_subrange_1a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2a
1063
1064	!
1065	!-- If the fraction of insoluble aerosols in subrange 2 is zero: do not allocate arrays for them
1066	IF ( nf2a > 0.999999_wp .AND. SUM( mass_fracs_b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1067	no_insoluble = .TRUE.
1068	start_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a+1 ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1069	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a ! last index of subrange 2b
1070	ELSE
1071	start_subrange_2b = start_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1072	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2b
1073	ENDIF
1074
1075	nbins_aerosol = end_subrange_2b ! total number of aerosol size bins
1076	!
1077	!-- Create index tables for different aerosol components
1078	CALL component_index_constructor( prtcl, ncc, maxspec, listspec )
1079
1080	ncomponents_mass = ncc
1081	IF ( advect_particle_water ) ncomponents_mass = ncc + 1 ! Add water
1082
1083	!
1084	!-- Allocate:
1085	ALLOCATE( aero(nbins_aerosol), bc_am_t_val(nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass), &
1086	bc_an_t_val(ngases_salsa), bc_gt_t_val(nbins_aerosol), bin_low_limits(nbins_aerosol),&
1087	nsect(nbins_aerosol), massacc(nbins_aerosol) )
1088	ALLOCATE( k_topo_top(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1089	IF ( nldepo ) ALLOCATE( sedim_vd(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1090	ALLOCATE( ra_dry(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1091
1092	!
1093	!-- Aerosol number concentration
1094	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(nbins_aerosol) )
1095	ALLOCATE( nconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1096	nconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1097	nconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1098	nconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1099	nconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1100	nconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1101
1102	DO i = 1, nbins_aerosol
1103	aerosol_number(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1104	aerosol_number(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1105	aerosol_number(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1106	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1107	aerosol_number(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1108	aerosol_number(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1109	aerosol_number(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1110	aerosol_number(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1111	aerosol_number(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1112	ENDDO
1113
1114	!
1115	!-- Aerosol mass concentration
1116	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1117	ALLOCATE( mconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1118	mconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1119	mconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1120	mconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1121	mconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1122	mconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1123
1124	DO i = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1125	aerosol_mass(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1126	aerosol_mass(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1127	aerosol_mass(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1128	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1129	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1130	aerosol_mass(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1131	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1132	aerosol_mass(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1133	aerosol_mass(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1134	ENDDO
1135
1136	!
1137	!-- Surface fluxes: answs = aerosol number, amsws = aerosol mass
1138	!
1139	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1140	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1141	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1142	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1143	surf_def_h(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1144	surf_def_h(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1145	ENDDO
1146	!
1147	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1148	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%answs( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1149	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1150	surf_lsm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1151	surf_lsm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1152	!
1153	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1154	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%answs( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1155	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%amsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1156	surf_usm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1157	surf_usm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1158
1159	!
1160	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and westward (l=3) facing
1161	DO l = 0, 3
1162	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1163	surf_def_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1164	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1165	surf_def_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1166
1167	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1168	surf_lsm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1169	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1170	surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1171
1172	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1173	surf_usm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1174	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1175	surf_usm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1176
1177	ENDDO
1178
1179	!
1180	!-- Concentration of gaseous tracers (1. SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV, 5. OCSV)
1181	!-- (number concentration (#/m3) )
1182	!
1183	!-- If chemistry is on, read gas phase concentrations from there. Otherwise,
1184	!-- allocate salsa_gas array.
1185
1186	IF ( air_chemistry ) THEN
1187	DO lsp = 1, nvar
1188	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( chem_species(lsp)%name ) )
1189	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'h2so4' )
1190	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1191	gas_index_chem(1) = lsp
1192	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3' )
1193	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1194	gas_index_chem(2) = lsp
1195	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3' )
1196	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1197	gas_index_chem(3) = lsp
1198	CASE ( 'OCNV', 'ocnv' )
1199	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1200	gas_index_chem(4) = lsp
1201	CASE ( 'OCSV', 'ocsv' )
1202	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1203	gas_index_chem(5) = lsp
1204	END SELECT
1205	ENDDO
1206
1207	IF ( gases_available == ngases_salsa ) THEN
1208	salsa_gases_from_chem = .TRUE.
1209	ELSE
1210	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'SALSA is run together with chemistry but not all gaseous '// &
1211	'components are provided by kpp (H2SO4, HNO3, NH3, OCNV, OCSV)'
1212	CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0599', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1213	ENDIF
1214
1215	ELSE
1216
1217	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(ngases_salsa) )
1218	ALLOCATE( gconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1219	gconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1220	gconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa) )
1221	gconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1222	gconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1223	gconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1224
1225	DO i = 1, ngases_salsa
1226	salsa_gas(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1227	salsa_gas(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1228	salsa_gas(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1229	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1230	salsa_gas(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1231	salsa_gas(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1232	salsa_gas(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1233	salsa_gas(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1234	salsa_gas(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1235	ENDDO
1236	!
1237	!-- Surface fluxes: gtsws = gaseous tracer flux
1238	!
1239	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1240	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1241	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1242	surf_def_h(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1243	ENDDO
1244	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1245	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1246	surf_lsm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1247	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1248	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1249	surf_usm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1250	!
1251	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and
1252	!-- westward (l=3) facing
1253	DO l = 0, 3
1254	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1255	surf_def_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1256	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1257	surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1258	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1259	surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1260	ENDDO
1261	ENDIF
1262
1263	IF ( ws_scheme_sca ) THEN
1264
1265	IF ( salsa ) THEN
1266	ALLOCATE( sums_salsa_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1267	sums_salsa_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1268	ENDIF
1269
1270	ENDIF
1271
1272	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1273
1274	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1275	! Description:
1276	! ------------
1277	!> Initialization of SALSA. Based on salsa_initialize in UCLALES-SALSA.
1278	!> Subroutines salsa_initialize, SALSAinit and DiagInitAero in UCLALES-SALSA are
1279	!> also merged here.
1280	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1281	SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1282
1283	IMPLICIT NONE
1284
1285	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
1286	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index for aerosol number bins
1287	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index for aerosol mass bins
1288	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index for gases
1289	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< index for indexing
1290	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
1291
1292	CALL location_message( 'initializing salsa (sectional aerosol module )', .TRUE. )
1293
1294	bin_low_limits = 0.0_wp
1295	k_topo_top = 0
1296	nsect = 0.0_wp
1297	massacc = 1.0_wp
1298
1299	!
1300	!-- Indices for chemical components used (-1 = not used)
1301	ii = 0
1302	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SO4' ) ) THEN
1303	index_so4 = get_index( prtcl,'SO4' )
1304	ii = ii + 1
1305	ENDIF
1306	IF ( is_used( prtcl,'OC' ) ) THEN
1307	index_oc = get_index(prtcl, 'OC')
1308	ii = ii + 1
1309	ENDIF
1310	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'BC' ) ) THEN
1311	index_bc = get_index( prtcl, 'BC' )
1312	ii = ii + 1
1313	ENDIF
1314	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'DU' ) ) THEN
1315	index_du = get_index( prtcl, 'DU' )
1316	ii = ii + 1
1317	ENDIF
1318	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SS' ) ) THEN
1319	index_ss = get_index( prtcl, 'SS' )
1320	ii = ii + 1
1321	ENDIF
1322	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NO' ) ) THEN
1323	index_no = get_index( prtcl, 'NO' )
1324	ii = ii + 1
1325	ENDIF
1326	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NH' ) ) THEN
1327	index_nh = get_index( prtcl, 'NH' )
1328	ii = ii + 1
1329	ENDIF
1330	!
1331	!-- All species must be known
1332	IF ( ii /= ncc ) THEN
1333	message_string = 'Unknown aerosol species/component(s) given in the initialization'
1334	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: salsa_init', 'PA0600', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1335	ENDIF
1336	!
1337	!-- Partition and dissolutional growth by gaseous HNO3 and NH3
1338	IF ( index_no > 0 .AND. index_nh > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) lspartition = .TRUE.
1339	!
1340	!-- Initialise
1341	!
1342	!-- Aerosol size distribution (TYPE t_section)
1343	aero(:)%dwet = 1.0E-10_wp
1344	aero(:)%veqh2o = 1.0E-10_wp
1345	aero(:)%numc = nclim
1346	aero(:)%core = 1.0E-10_wp
1347	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1 ! 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
1348	aero(:)%volc(ic) = 0.0_wp
1349	ENDDO
1350
1351	IF ( nldepo ) sedim_vd = 0.0_wp
1352
1353	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
1354	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) aerosol_number(ib)%conc = nclim
1355	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1356	aerosol_number(ib)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1357	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1358	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1359	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1360	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1361	aerosol_number(ib)%init = nclim
1362	aerosol_number(ib)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1363	ENDDO
1364	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1365	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) aerosol_mass(ic)%conc = mclim
1366	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1367	aerosol_mass(ic)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1368	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1369	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1370	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1371	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1372	aerosol_mass(ic)%init = mclim
1373	aerosol_mass(ic)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1374	ENDDO
1375
1376	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1377	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1378	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1379	salsa_gas(ig)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1380	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1381	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1382	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1383	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1384	salsa_gas(ig)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1385	ENDDO
1386	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
1387	salsa_gas(1)%conc = h2so4_init
1388	salsa_gas(2)%conc = hno3_init
1389	salsa_gas(3)%conc = nh3_init
1390	salsa_gas(4)%conc = ocnv_init
1391	salsa_gas(5)%conc = ocsv_init
1392	ENDIF
1393	!
1394	!-- Set initial value for gas compound tracers and initial values
1395	salsa_gas(1)%init = h2so4_init
1396	salsa_gas(2)%init = hno3_init
1397	salsa_gas(3)%init = nh3_init
1398	salsa_gas(4)%init = ocnv_init
1399	salsa_gas(5)%init = ocsv_init
1400	ENDIF
1401	!
1402	!-- Aerosol radius in each bin: dry and wet (m)
1403	ra_dry = 1.0E-10_wp
1404	!
1405	!-- Initialise aerosol tracers
1406	aero(:)%vhilim = 0.0_wp
1407	aero(:)%vlolim = 0.0_wp
1408	aero(:)%vratiohi = 0.0_wp
1409	aero(:)%vratiolo = 0.0_wp
1410	aero(:)%dmid = 0.0_wp
1411	!
1412	!-- Initialise the sectional particle size distribution
1413	CALL set_sizebins
1414	!
1415	!-- Initialise location-dependent aerosol size distributions and chemical compositions:
1416	CALL aerosol_init
1417	!
1418	!-- Initalisation run of SALSA + calculate the vertical top index of the topography
1419	DO i = nxl, nxr
1420	DO j = nys, nyn
1421
1422	k_topo_top(j,i) = MAXLOC( MERGE( 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,i), 12 ) ), DIM = 1 ) - 1
1423
1424	CALL salsa_driver( i, j, 1 )
1425	CALL salsa_diagnostics( i, j )
1426	ENDDO
1427	ENDDO
1428	!
1429	!-- Initialise the deposition scheme and surface types
1430	IF ( nldepo ) CALL init_deposition
1431
1432	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' ) THEN
1433	!
1434	!-- Read in and initialize emissions
1435	CALL salsa_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1436	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem .AND. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) THEN
1437	CALL salsa_gas_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1438	ENDIF
1439	ENDIF
1440
1441	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1442
1443	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1444
1445	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1446	! Description:
1447	! ------------
1448	!> Initializes particle size distribution grid by calculating size bin limits
1449	!> and mid-size for dry particles in each bin. Called from salsa_initialize
1450	!> (only at the beginning of simulation).
1451	!> Size distribution described using:
1452	!> 1) moving center method (subranges 1 and 2)
1453	!> (Jacobson, Atmos. Env., 31, 131-144, 1997)
1454	!> 2) fixed sectional method (subrange 3)
1455	!> Size bins in each subrange are spaced logarithmically
1456	!> based on given subrange size limits and bin number.
1457	!
1458	!> Mona changed 06/2017: Use geometric mean diameter to describe the mean
1459	!> particle diameter in a size bin, not the arithmeric mean which clearly
1460	!> overestimates the total particle volume concentration.
1461	!
1462	!> Coded by:
1463	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
1464	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
1465	!
1466	!> Bug fixes for box model + updated for the new aerosol datatype:
1467	!> Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
1468	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1469	SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1470
1471	IMPLICIT NONE
1472
1473	INTEGER(iwp) :: cc !< running index
1474	INTEGER(iwp) :: dd !< running index
1475
1476	REAL(wp) :: ratio_d !< ratio of the upper and lower diameter of subranges
1477	!
1478	!-- vlolim&vhilim: min & max dry volumes [fxm]
1479	!-- dmid: bin mid dry diameter (m)
1480	!-- vratiolo&vratiohi: volume ratio between the center and low/high limit
1481	!
1482	!-- 1) Size subrange 1:
1483	ratio_d = reglim(2) / reglim(1) ! section spacing (m)
1484	DO cc = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1485	aero(cc)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc-1 ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1486	aero(cc)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1487	aero(cc)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(cc)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1488	( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1489	aero(cc)%vratiohi = aero(cc)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1490	aero(cc)%vratiolo = aero(cc)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1491	ENDDO
1492	!
1493	!-- 2) Size subrange 2:
1494	!-- 2.1) Sub-subrange 2a: high hygroscopicity
1495	ratio_d = reglim(3) / reglim(2) ! section spacing
1496	DO dd = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
1497	cc = dd - start_subrange_2a
1498	aero(dd)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1499	aero(dd)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc+1 ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1500	aero(dd)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(dd)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1501	( aero(dd)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1502	aero(dd)%vratiohi = aero(dd)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1503	aero(dd)%vratiolo = aero(dd)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1504	ENDDO
1505	!
1506	!-- 2.2) Sub-subrange 2b: low hygroscopicity
1507	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
1508	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vlolim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vlolim
1509	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vhilim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vhilim
1510	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%dmid = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%dmid
1511	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiohi = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiohi
1512	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiolo = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiolo
1513	ENDIF
1514	!
1515	!-- Initialize the wet diameter with the bin dry diameter to avoid numerical problems later
1516	aero(:)%dwet = aero(:)%dmid
1517	!
1518	!-- Save bin limits (lower diameter) to be delivered to PALM if needed
1519	DO cc = 1, nbins_aerosol
1520	bin_low_limits(cc) = ( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
1521	ENDDO
1522
1523	END SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1524
1525	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1526	! Description:
1527	! ------------
1528	!> Initilize altitude-dependent aerosol size distributions and compositions.
1529	!>
1530	!> Mona added 06/2017: Correct the number and mass concentrations by normalizing
1531	!< by the given total number and mass concentration.
1532	!>
1533	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
1534	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1535	SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
1536
1537	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
1538	ONLY: get_attribute, get_variable, netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length, open_read_file
1539
1540	IMPLICIT NONE
1541
1542	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !< chemical component name
1543
1544	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
1545	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index: x-direction
1546	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index: size bins
1547	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index: chemical components
1548	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_dyn !< NetCDF id of PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1549	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index: gases
1550	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index: y-direction
1551	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index: z-direction
1552	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_aero !< level of detail of inital aerosol concentrations
1553	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nbins !< Number of aerosol size bins in file
1554	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_ncc !< Number of aerosol chemical components in file
1555	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nz !< Number of vertical grid-points in file
1556	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< running mode of SALSA
1557	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
1558
1559	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_input_to_model
1560
1561	LOGICAL :: netcdf_extend = .FALSE. !< Flag: netcdf file exists
1562
1563	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
1564
1565	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: core !< size of the bin mid aerosol particle
1566	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: nsect !< size distribution (#/m3)
1567
1568	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pnf2a !< number fraction in 2a
1569	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pmfoc1a !< mass fraction of OC in 1a
1570
1571	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol) :: pndist !< size dist as a function of height (#/m3)
1572	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2a !< mass distributions in subrange 2a
1573	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2b !< mass distributions in subrange 2b
1574
1575	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_dmid !< vertical profile of aerosol bin diameters
1576	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_z !< z levels of profiles
1577
1578	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_a !< mass fraction: a
1579	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_b !< and b
1580
1581	cc_input_to_model = 0
1582	prunmode = 1
1583	!
1584	!-- Bin mean aerosol particle volume (m3)
1585	core(:) = 0.0_wp
1586	core(1:nbins_aerosol) = api6 * aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid**3
1587	!
1588	!-- Set concentrations to zero
1589	nsect(:) = 0.0_wp
1590	pndist(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1591	pnf2a(:) = nf2a
1592	pmf2a(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1593	pmf2b(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1594	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1595
1596	IF ( isdtyp == 1 ) THEN
1597	!
1598	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1599	#if defined( __netcdf )
1600	!
1601	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1602	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
1603	IF ( netcdf_extend ) THEN
1604	!
1605	!-- Open file in read-only mode
1606	CALL open_read_file( input_file_dynamic // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
1607	!
1608	!-- Inquire dimensions:
1609	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
1610	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
1611	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
1612	'the number of numeric grid points.'
1613	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0601', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1614	ENDIF
1615	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_ncc, 'composition_index' )
1616	!
1617	!-- Allocate memory
1618	ALLOCATE( pr_z(1:pr_nz), pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc), &
1619	pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc) )
1620	pr_mass_fracs_a = 0.0_wp
1621	pr_mass_fracs_b = 0.0_wp
1622	!
1623	!-- Read vertical levels
1624	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'z', pr_z )
1625	!
1626	!-- Read name and index of chemical components
1627	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'composition_name', cc_name, pr_ncc )
1628	DO ic = 1, pr_ncc
1629	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( cc_name(ic) ) )
1630	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'SO4', 'h2so4', 'so4' )
1631	cc_input_to_model(1) = ic
1632	CASE ( 'OC', 'oc' )
1633	cc_input_to_model(2) = ic
1634	CASE ( 'BC', 'bc' )
1635	cc_input_to_model(3) = ic
1636	CASE ( 'DU', 'du' )
1637	cc_input_to_model(4) = ic
1638	CASE ( 'SS', 'ss' )
1639	cc_input_to_model(5) = ic
1640	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3', 'NO', 'no' )
1641	cc_input_to_model(6) = ic
1642	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3', 'NH', 'nh' )
1643	cc_input_to_model(7) = ic
1644	END SELECT
1645	ENDDO
1646
1647	IF ( SUM( cc_input_to_model ) == 0 ) THEN
1648	message_string = 'None of the aerosol chemical components in ' // TRIM( &
1649	input_file_dynamic ) // ' correspond to ones applied in SALSA.'
1650	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0602', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1651	ENDIF
1652	!
1653	!-- Vertical profiles of mass fractions of different chemical components:
1654	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a', pr_mass_fracs_a, &
1655	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1656	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_b', pr_mass_fracs_b, &
1657	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1658	!
1659	!-- Match the input data with the chemical composition applied in the model
1660	DO ic = 1, maxspec
1661	ss = cc_input_to_model(ic)
1662	IF ( ss == 0 ) CYCLE
1663	pmf2a(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt,ss)
1664	pmf2b(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt,ss)
1665	ENDDO
1666	!
1667	!-- Aerosol concentrations: lod=1 (total PM) or lod=2 (sectional number size distribution)
1668	CALL get_attribute( id_dyn, 'lod', lod_aero, .FALSE., 'init_atmosphere_aerosol' )
1669	IF ( lod_aero /= 2 ) THEN
1670	message_string = 'Currently only lod=2 accepted for init_atmosphere_aerosol'
1671	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0603', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1672	ELSE
1673	!
1674	!-- Bin mean diameters in the input file
1675	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nbins, 'Dmid')
1676	IF ( pr_nbins /= nbins_aerosol ) THEN
1677	message_string = 'Number of size bins in init_atmosphere_aerosol does not match ' &
1678	// 'with that applied in the model'
1679	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0604', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1680	ENDIF
1681
1682	ALLOCATE( pr_dmid(pr_nbins) )
1683	pr_dmid = 0.0_wp
1684
1685	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'Dmid', pr_dmid )
1686	!
1687	!-- Check whether the sectional representation conform to the one
1688	!-- applied in the model
1689	IF ( ANY( ABS( ( aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid - pr_dmid ) / &
1690	aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid ) > 0.1_wp ) ) THEN
1691	message_string = 'Mean diameters of the aerosol size bins ' // TRIM( &
1692	input_file_dynamic ) // ' in do not conform to the sectional '// &
1693	'representation of the model.'
1694	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0605', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1695	ENDIF
1696	!
1697	!-- Inital aerosol concentrations
1698	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_aerosol', pndist(nzb+1:nzt,:), &
1699	0, pr_nbins-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1700	ENDIF
1701	!
1702	!-- Set bottom and top boundary condition (Neumann)
1703	pmf2a(nzb,:) = pmf2a(nzb+1,:)
1704	pmf2a(nzt+1,:) = pmf2a(nzt,:)
1705	pmf2b(nzb,:) = pmf2b(nzb+1,:)
1706	pmf2b(nzt+1,:) = pmf2b(nzt,:)
1707	pndist(nzb,:) = pndist(nzb+1,:)
1708	pndist(nzt+1,:) = pndist(nzt,:)
1709
1710	IF ( index_so4 < 0 ) THEN
1711	pmf2a(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1712	pmf2b(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1713	ENDIF
1714	IF ( index_oc < 0 ) THEN
1715	pmf2a(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1716	pmf2b(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1717	ENDIF
1718	IF ( index_bc < 0 ) THEN
1719	pmf2a(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1720	pmf2b(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1721	ENDIF
1722	IF ( index_du < 0 ) THEN
1723	pmf2a(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1724	pmf2b(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1725	ENDIF
1726	IF ( index_ss < 0 ) THEN
1727	pmf2a(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1728	pmf2b(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1729	ENDIF
1730	IF ( index_no < 0 ) THEN
1731	pmf2a(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1732	pmf2b(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1733	ENDIF
1734	IF ( index_nh < 0 ) THEN
1735	pmf2a(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1736	pmf2b(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1737	ENDIF
1738
1739	IF ( SUM( pmf2a ) < 0.00001_wp .AND. SUM( pmf2b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1740	message_string = 'Error in initialising mass fractions of chemical components. ' // &
1741	'Check that all chemical components are included in parameter file!'
1742	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0606', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1743	ENDIF
1744	!
1745	!-- Then normalise the mass fraction so that SUM = 1
1746	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1747	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
1748	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
1749	ENDDO
1750
1751	DEALLOCATE( pr_z, pr_mass_fracs_a, pr_mass_fracs_b )
1752
1753	ELSE
1754	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
1755	' for SALSA missing!'
1756	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0607', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1757
1758	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
1759
1760	#else
1761	message_string = 'isdtyp = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used in compiling!'
1762	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0608', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1763
1764	#endif
1765
1766	ELSEIF ( isdtyp == 0 ) THEN
1767	!
1768	!-- Mass fractions for species in a and b-bins
1769	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1770	pmf2a(:,1) = mass_fracs_a(index_so4)
1771	pmf2b(:,1) = mass_fracs_b(index_so4)
1772	ENDIF
1773	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1774	pmf2a(:,2) = mass_fracs_a(index_oc)
1775	pmf2b(:,2) = mass_fracs_b(index_oc)
1776	ENDIF
1777	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
1778	pmf2a(:,3) = mass_fracs_a(index_bc)
1779	pmf2b(:,3) = mass_fracs_b(index_bc)
1780	ENDIF
1781	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
1782	pmf2a(:,4) = mass_fracs_a(index_du)
1783	pmf2b(:,4) = mass_fracs_b(index_du)
1784	ENDIF
1785	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
1786	pmf2a(:,5) = mass_fracs_a(index_ss)
1787	pmf2b(:,5) = mass_fracs_b(index_ss)
1788	ENDIF
1789	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
1790	pmf2a(:,6) = mass_fracs_a(index_no)
1791	pmf2b(:,6) = mass_fracs_b(index_no)
1792	ENDIF
1793	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
1794	pmf2a(:,7) = mass_fracs_a(index_nh)
1795	pmf2b(:,7) = mass_fracs_b(index_nh)
1796	ENDIF
1797	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1798	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
1799	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
1800	ENDDO
1801
1802	CALL size_distribution( n_lognorm, dpg, sigmag, nsect )
1803	!
1804	!-- Normalize by the given total number concentration
1805	nsect = nsect * SUM( n_lognorm ) / SUM( nsect )
1806	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
1807	pndist(:,ib) = nsect(ib)
1808	ENDDO
1809	ENDIF
1810
1811	IF ( igctyp == 1 ) THEN
1812	!
1813	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_CHEM
1814	#if defined( __netcdf )
1815	!
1816	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1817	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
1818	IF ( netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1819	!
1820	!-- Open file in read-only mode
1821	CALL open_read_file( input_file_dynamic // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
1822	!
1823	!-- Inquire dimensions:
1824	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
1825	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
1826	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
1827	'the number of numeric grid points.'
1828	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0609', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1829	ENDIF
1830	!
1831	!-- Read vertical profiles of gases:
1832	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_h2so4', salsa_gas(1)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1833	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_hno3', salsa_gas(2)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1834	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_nh3', salsa_gas(3)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1835	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocnv', salsa_gas(4)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1836	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocsv', salsa_gas(5)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1837	!
1838	!-- Set Neumann top and surface boundary condition for initial + initialise concentrations
1839	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1840	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb+1)
1841	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt+1) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt)
1842	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1843	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(k,:,:) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(k)
1844	ENDDO
1845	ENDDO
1846
1847	ELSEIF ( .NOT. netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1848	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
1849	' for SALSA missing!'
1850	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0610', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1851	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
1852	#else
1853	message_string = 'igctyp = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used in compiling!'
1854	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0611', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1855
1856	#endif
1857
1858	ENDIF
1859	!
1860	!-- Both SO4 and OC are included, so use the given mass fractions
1861	IF ( index_oc > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1862	pmfoc1a(:) = pmf2a(:,2) / ( pmf2a(:,2) + pmf2a(:,1) ) ! Normalize
1863	!
1864	!-- Pure organic carbon
1865	ELSEIF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1866	pmfoc1a(:) = 1.0_wp
1867	!
1868	!-- Pure SO4
1869	ELSEIF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1870	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1871
1872	ELSE
1873	message_string = 'Either OC or SO4 must be active for aerosol region 1a!'
1874	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0612', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1875	ENDIF
1876
1877	!
1878	!-- Initialize concentrations
1879	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1880	DO j = nysg, nyng
1881	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1882	!
1883	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
1884	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
1885	!
1886	!-- a) Number concentrations
1887	!-- Region 1:
1888	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1889	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = pndist(k,ib) * flag
1890	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1891	aerosol_number(ib)%init = pndist(:,ib)
1892	ENDIF
1893	ENDDO
1894	!
1895	!-- Region 2:
1896	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
1897	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
1898	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pnf2a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * flag
1899	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1900	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
1901	ENDIF
1902	ENDDO
1903	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
1904	DO ib = start_subrange_2b, end_subrange_2b
1905	IF ( pnf2a(k) < 1.0_wp ) THEN
1906	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
1907	pndist(k,ib) * flag
1908	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1909	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
1910	ENDIF
1911	ENDIF
1912	ENDDO
1913	ENDIF
1914	ENDIF
1915	!
1916	!-- b) Aerosol mass concentrations
1917	!-- bin subrange 1: done here separately due to the SO4/OC convention
1918	!
1919	!-- SO4:
1920	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1921	ss = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
1922	ee = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
1923	ib = start_subrange_1a
1924	DO ic = ss, ee
1925	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib)&
1926	* core(ib) * arhoh2so4 * flag
1927	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1928	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) &
1929	* core(ib) * arhoh2so4
1930	ENDIF
1931	ib = ib+1
1932	ENDDO
1933	ENDIF
1934	!
1935	!-- OC:
1936	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1937	ss = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
1938	ee = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
1939	ib = start_subrange_1a
1940	DO ic = ss, ee
1941	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
1942	core(ib) * arhooc * flag
1943	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1944	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
1945	core(ib) * arhooc
1946	ENDIF
1947	ib = ib+1
1948	ENDDO
1949	ENDIF
1950	ENDDO !< k
1951
1952	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
1953
1954	ENDDO !< j
1955	ENDDO !< i
1956
1957	!
1958	!-- c) Aerosol mass concentrations
1959	!-- bin subrange 2:
1960	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
1961
1962	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1963	CALL set_aero_mass( index_so4, pmf2a(:,1), pmf2b(:,1), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoh2so4 )
1964	ENDIF
1965	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1966	CALL set_aero_mass( index_oc, pmf2a(:,2), pmf2b(:,2), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhooc )
1967	ENDIF
1968	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
1969	CALL set_aero_mass( index_bc, pmf2a(:,3), pmf2b(:,3), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhobc )
1970	ENDIF
1971	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
1972	CALL set_aero_mass( index_du, pmf2a(:,4), pmf2b(:,4), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhodu )
1973	ENDIF
1974	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
1975	CALL set_aero_mass( index_ss, pmf2a(:,5), pmf2b(:,5), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoss )
1976	ENDIF
1977	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
1978	CALL set_aero_mass( index_no, pmf2a(:,6), pmf2b(:,6), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhohno3 )
1979	ENDIF
1980	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
1981	CALL set_aero_mass( index_nh, pmf2a(:,7), pmf2b(:,7), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhonh3 )
1982	ENDIF
1983
1984	ENDIF
1985
1986	END SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
1987
1988	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1989	! Description:
1990	! ------------
1991	!> Create a lognormal size distribution and discretise to a sectional
1992	!> representation.
1993	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1994	SUBROUTINE size_distribution( in_ntot, in_dpg, in_sigma, psd_sect )
1995
1996	IMPLICIT NONE
1997
1998	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< running index: bin
1999	INTEGER(iwp) :: iteration !< running index: iteration
2000
2001	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2002	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
2003	REAL(wp) :: delta_d !< (d2-d1)/10
2004	REAL(wp) :: deltadp !< bin width
2005	REAL(wp) :: dmidi !< ( d1 + d2 ) / 2
2006
2007	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_dpg !< geometric mean diameter (m)
2008	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_ntot !< number conc. (#/m3)
2009	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_sigma !< standard deviation
2010
2011	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: psd_sect !< sectional size distribution
2012
2013	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
2014	psd_sect(ib) = 0.0_wp
2015	!
2016	!-- Particle diameter at the low limit (largest in the bin) (m)
2017	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2018	!
2019	!-- Particle diameter at the high limit (smallest in the bin) (m)
2020	d2 = ( aero(ib)%vhilim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2021	!
2022	!-- Span of particle diameter in a bin (m)
2023	delta_d = 0.1_wp * ( d2 - d1 )
2024	!
2025	!-- Iterate:
2026	DO iteration = 1, 10
2027	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp + ( ib - 1) delta_d
2028	d2 = d1 + delta_d
2029	dmidi = 0.5_wp * ( d1 + d2 )
2030	deltadp = LOG10( d2 / d1 )
2031	!
2032	!-- Size distribution
2033	!-- in_ntot = total number, total area, or total volume concentration
2034	!-- in_dpg = geometric-mean number, area, or volume diameter
2035	!-- n(k) = number, area, or volume concentration in a bin
2036	psd_sect(ib) = psd_sect(ib) + SUM( in_ntot * deltadp / ( SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) * &
2037	LOG10( in_sigma ) ) * EXP( -LOG10( dmidi / in_dpg )**2.0_wp / &
2038	( 2.0_wp * LOG10( in_sigma ) ** 2.0_wp ) ) )
2039
2040	ENDDO
2041	ENDDO
2042
2043	END SUBROUTINE size_distribution
2044
2045	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2046	! Description:
2047	! ------------
2048	!> Sets the mass concentrations to aerosol arrays in 2a and 2b.
2049	!>
2050	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
2051	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2052	SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass( ispec, pmf2a, pmf2b, pnf2a, pndist, pcore, prho )
2053
2054	IMPLICIT NONE
2055
2056	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
2057	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
2058	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2059	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2060	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index
2061	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2062	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< 1 = initialise
2063	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
2064
2065	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: ispec !< Aerosol species index
2066
2067	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2068
2069	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prho !< Aerosol density
2070
2071	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pcore !< Aerosol bin mid core volume
2072	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pnf2a !< Number fraction for 2a
2073	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2a !< Mass distributions for a
2074	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2b !< and b bins
2075
2076	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pndist !< Aerosol size distribution
2077
2078	prunmode = 1
2079
2080	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2081	DO j = nysg, nyng
2082	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2083	!
2084	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2085	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2086	!
2087	!-- Regime 2a:
2088	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2a
2089	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2a
2090	ib = start_subrange_2a
2091	DO ic = ss, ee
2092	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2093	pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2094	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2095	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2096	pcore(ib) * prho
2097	ENDIF
2098	ib = ib + 1
2099	ENDDO
2100	!
2101	!-- Regime 2b:
2102	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2103	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2b
2104	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2b
2105	ib = start_subrange_2a
2106	DO ic = ss, ee
2107	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) *&
2108	pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2109	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2110	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2111	pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho
2112	ENDIF
2113	ib = ib + 1
2114	ENDDO ! c
2115
2116	ENDIF
2117	ENDDO ! k
2118
2119	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2120
2121	ENDDO ! j
2122	ENDDO ! i
2123
2124	END SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass
2125
2126	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2127	! Description:
2128	! ------------
2129	!> Initialise the matching between surface types in LSM and deposition models.
2130	!> Do the matching based on Zhang et al. (2001). Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560
2131	!> (here referred as Z01).
2132	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2133	SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2134
2135	USE surface_mod, &
2136	ONLY: surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v
2137
2138	IMPLICIT NONE
2139
2140	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for vertical surfaces
2141
2142	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. land_surface ) THEN
2143
2144	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_h%match(1:surf_lsm_h%ns) )
2145	lsm_to_depo_h%match = 0
2146	CALL match_lsm_zhang( surf_lsm_h, lsm_to_depo_h%match )
2147
2148	DO l = 0, 3
2149	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2150	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match = 0
2151	CALL match_lsm_zhang( surf_lsm_v(l), lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match )
2152	ENDDO
2153	ENDIF
2154
2155	IF ( nldepo_pcm ) THEN
2156	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_type )
2157	CASE ( 'evergreen_needleleaf' )
2158	depo_pcm_type_num = 1
2159	CASE ( 'evergreen_broadleaf' )
2160	depo_pcm_type_num = 2
2161	CASE ( 'deciduous_needleleaf' )
2162	depo_pcm_type_num = 3
2163	CASE ( 'deciduous_broadleaf' )
2164	depo_pcm_type_num = 4
2165	CASE DEFAULT
2166	message_string = 'depo_pcm_type not set correctly.'
2167	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_deposition', 'PA0613', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2168	END SELECT
2169	ENDIF
2170
2171	END SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2172
2173	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2174	! Description:
2175	! ------------
2176	!> Match the surface types in PALM and Zhang et al. 2001 deposition module
2177	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2178	SUBROUTINE match_lsm_zhang( surf, match_array )
2179
2180	USE surface_mod, &
2181	ONLY: ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_type
2182
2183	IMPLICIT NONE
2184
2185	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< index for surface elements
2186	INTEGER(iwp) :: pav_type_palm !< pavement type in PALM
2187	INTEGER(iwp) :: vege_type_palm !< vegetation type in PALM
2188	INTEGER(iwp) :: water_type_palm !< water type in PALM
2189
2190	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_array !< array matching
2191	!< the surface types
2192	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(in) :: surf !< respective surface type
2193
2194	DO m = 1, surf%ns
2195
2196	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2197	vege_type_palm = surf%vegetation_type(m)
2198	SELECT CASE ( vege_type_palm )
2199	CASE ( 0 )
2200	message_string = 'No vegetation type defined.'
2201	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_depo_surfaces', 'PA0614', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2202	CASE ( 1 ) ! bare soil
2203	match_array(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2204	CASE ( 2 ) ! crops, mixed farming
2205	match_array(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2206	CASE ( 3 ) ! short grass
2207	match_array(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2208	CASE ( 4 ) ! evergreen needleleaf trees
2209	match_array(m) = 1 ! evergreen needleleaf trees in Z01
2210	CASE ( 5 ) ! deciduous needleleaf trees
2211	match_array(m) = 3 ! deciduous needleleaf trees in Z01
2212	CASE ( 6 ) ! evergreen broadleaf trees
2213	match_array(m) = 2 ! evergreen broadleaf trees in Z01
2214	CASE ( 7 ) ! deciduous broadleaf trees
2215	match_array(m) = 4 ! deciduous broadleaf trees in Z01
2216	CASE ( 8 ) ! tall grass
2217	match_array(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2218	CASE ( 9 ) ! desert
2219	match_array(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2220	CASE ( 10 ) ! tundra
2221	match_array(m) = 9 ! tundra in Z01
2222	CASE ( 11 ) ! irrigated crops
2223	match_array(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2224	CASE ( 12 ) ! semidesert
2225	match_array(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2226	CASE ( 13 ) ! ice caps and glaciers
2227	match_array(m) = 12 ! ice cap and glacier in Z01
2228	CASE ( 14 ) ! bogs and marshes
2229	match_array(m) = 11 ! wetland with plants in Z01
2230	CASE ( 15 ) ! evergreen shrubs
2231	match_array(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2232	CASE ( 16 ) ! deciduous shrubs
2233	match_array(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2234	CASE ( 17 ) ! mixed forest/woodland
2235	match_array(m) = 5 ! mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees in Z01
2236	CASE ( 18 ) ! interrupted forest
2237	match_array(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2238	END SELECT
2239	ENDIF
2240
2241	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2242	pav_type_palm = surf%pavement_type(m)
2243	IF ( pav_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2244	message_string = 'No pavement type defined.'
2245	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_lsm_zhang', 'PA0615', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2246	ELSEIF ( pav_type_palm > 0 .AND. pav_type_palm <= 15 ) THEN
2247	match_array(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2248	ENDIF
2249	ENDIF
2250
2251	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2252	water_type_palm = surf%water_type(m)
2253	IF ( water_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2254	message_string = 'No water type defined.'
2255	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_lsm_zhang', 'PA0616', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2256	ELSEIF ( water_type_palm == 3 ) THEN
2257	match_array(m) = 14 ! ocean in Z01
2258	ELSEIF ( water_type_palm == 1 .OR. water_type_palm == 2 .OR. water_type_palm == 4 &
2259	.OR. water_type_palm == 5 ) THEN
2260	match_array(m) = 13 ! inland water in Z01
2261	ENDIF
2262	ENDIF
2263
2264	ENDDO
2265
2266	END SUBROUTINE match_lsm_zhang
2267
2268	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2269	! Description:
2270	! ------------
2271	!> Swapping of timelevels
2272	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2273	SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel( mod_count )
2274
2275	IMPLICIT NONE
2276
2277	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2278	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2279	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !<
2280	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2281
2282	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: mod_count !<
2283
2284	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= skip_time_do_salsa ) THEN
2285
2286	SELECT CASE ( mod_count )
2287
2288	CASE ( 0 )
2289
2290	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2291	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2292	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2293
2294	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2295	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2296	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2297	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2298	ENDDO
2299	ENDDO
2300
2301	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2302	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2303	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2304	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2305	ENDDO
2306	ENDIF
2307
2308	CASE ( 1 )
2309
2310	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2311	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2312	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2313	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2314	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2315	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2316	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2317	ENDDO
2318	ENDDO
2319
2320	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2321	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2322	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2323	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2324	ENDDO
2325	ENDIF
2326
2327	END SELECT
2328
2329	ENDIF
2330
2331	END SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel
2332
2333
2334	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2335	! Description:
2336	! ------------
2337	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
2338	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2339	SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local( k, nxlf, nxlc, nxl_on_file, nxrf, nxrc, nxr_on_file, nynf, nync, &
2340	nyn_on_file, nysf, nysc, nys_on_file, tmp_3d, found )
2341
2342	IMPLICIT NONE
2343
2344	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2345	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2346	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2347	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
2348	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlc !<
2349	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlf !<
2350	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_on_file !<
2351	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrc !<
2352	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrf !<
2353	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_on_file !<
2354	INTEGER(iwp) :: nync !<
2355	INTEGER(iwp) :: nynf !<
2356	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_on_file !<
2357	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysc !<
2358	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysf !<
2359	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_on_file !<
2360
2361	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
2362
2363	REAL(wp), &
2364	DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp,nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_3d !<
2365
2366	found = .FALSE.
2367
2368	IF ( read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2369
2370	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
2371
2372	CASE ( 'aerosol_number' )
2373	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2374	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2375	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2376	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2377	found = .TRUE.
2378	ENDDO
2379
2380	CASE ( 'aerosol_mass' )
2381	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass * nbins_aerosol
2382	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2383	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2384	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2385	found = .TRUE.
2386	ENDDO
2387
2388	CASE ( 'salsa_gas' )
2389	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2390	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2391	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2392	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2393	found = .TRUE.
2394	ENDDO
2395
2396	CASE DEFAULT
2397	found = .FALSE.
2398
2399	END SELECT
2400	ENDIF
2401
2402	END SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local
2403
2404	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2405	! Description:
2406	! ------------
2407	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
2408	!> Note that the following input variables in PARIN have to be equal between
2409	!> restart runs:
2410	!> listspec, nbin, nbin2, nf2a, ncc, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
2411	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2412	SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2413
2414	IMPLICIT NONE
2415
2416	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2417	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2418	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2419
2420	IF ( write_binary .AND. write_binary_salsa ) THEN
2421
2422	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_number' )
2423	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2424	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_number(ib)%conc
2425	ENDDO
2426
2427	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_mass' )
2428	DO ic = 1, nbins_aerosol * ncomponents_mass
2429	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
2430	ENDDO
2431
2432	CALL wrd_write_string( 'salsa_gas' )
2433	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2434	WRITE ( 14 ) salsa_gas(ig)%conc
2435	ENDDO
2436
2437	ENDIF
2438
2439	END SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2440
2441	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2442	! Description:
2443	! ------------
2444	!> Performs necessary unit and dimension conversion between the host model and
2445	!> SALSA module, and calls the main SALSA routine.
2446	!> Partially adobted form the original SALSA boxmodel version.
2447	!> Now takes masses in as kg/kg from LES!! Converted to m3/m3 for SALSA
2448	!> 05/2016 Juha: This routine is still pretty much in its original shape.
2449	!> It's dumb as a mule and twice as ugly, so implementation of
2450	!> an improved solution is necessary sooner or later.
2451	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
2452	!> Jaakko Ahola, FMI, 2016
2453	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
2454	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2455	SUBROUTINE salsa_driver( i, j, prunmode )
2456
2457	USE arrays_3d, &
2458	ONLY: pt_p, q_p, u, v, w
2459
2460	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
2461	ONLY: lad_s
2462
2463	USE surface_mod, &
2464	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2465
2466	IMPLICIT NONE
2467
2468	INTEGER(iwp) :: endi !< end index
2469	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2470	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2471	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index
2472	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_wall !< vertical index of topography top
2473	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2474	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index
2475	INTEGER(iwp) :: nc_h2o !< index of H2O in the prtcl index table
2476	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< loop index
2477	INTEGER(iwp) :: str !< start index
2478	INTEGER(iwp) :: vc !< default index in prtcl
2479
2480	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
2481	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
2482	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode !< 1: Initialization, 2: Spinup, 3: Regular runtime
2483
2484	REAL(wp) :: cw_old !< previous H2O mixing ratio
2485	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2486	REAL(wp) :: in_lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
2487	REAL(wp) :: in_rh !< relative humidity
2488	REAL(wp) :: zgso4 !< SO4
2489	REAL(wp) :: zghno3 !< HNO3
2490	REAL(wp) :: zgnh3 !< NH3
2491	REAL(wp) :: zgocnv !< non-volatile OC
2492	REAL(wp) :: zgocsv !< semi-volatile OC
2493
2494	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_adn !< air density (kg/m3)
2495	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cs !< H2O sat. vapour conc.
2496	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cw !< H2O vapour concentration
2497	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_p !< pressure (Pa)
2498	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_t !< temperature (K)
2499	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_u !< wind magnitude (m/s)
2500	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air(m2/s)
2501	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: ppm_to_nconc !< Conversion factor from ppm to #/m3
2502
2503	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
2504	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: vd !< particle fall seed (m/s)
2505
2506	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: aero_old !< helper array
2507
2508	aero_old(:)%numc = 0.0_wp
2509	in_lad = 0.0_wp
2510	in_u = 0.0_wp
2511	kvis = 0.0_wp
2512	schmidt_num = 0.0_wp
2513	vd = 0.0_wp
2514	zgso4 = nclim
2515	zghno3 = nclim
2516	zgnh3 = nclim
2517	zgocnv = nclim
2518	zgocsv = nclim
2519	!
2520	!-- Aerosol number is always set, but mass can be uninitialized
2521	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2522	aero(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2523	aero_old(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2524	ENDDO
2525	!
2526	!-- Set the salsa runtime config (How to make this more efficient?)
2527	CALL set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
2528	!
2529	!-- Calculate thermodynamic quantities needed in SALSA
2530	CALL salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij=in_p, temp_ij=in_t, cw_ij=in_cw, cs_ij=in_cs, adn_ij=in_adn )
2531	!
2532	!-- Magnitude of wind: needed for deposition
2533	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
2534	in_u(nzb+1:nzt) = SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i+1) ) )**2 + &
2535	( 0.5_wp * ( v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j+1,i) ) )**2 + &
2536	( 0.5_wp * ( w(nzb:nzt-1,j,i) + w(nzb+1:nzt,j, i) ) )**2 )
2537	ENDIF
2538	!
2539	!-- Calculate conversion factors for gas concentrations
2540	ppm_to_nconc(:) = for_ppm_to_nconc * in_p(:) / in_t(:)
2541	!
2542	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
2543	k_wall = k_topo_top(j,i)
2544
2545	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
2546	!
2547	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2548	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2549	!
2550	!-- Wind velocity for dry depositon on vegetation
2551	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy ) THEN
2552	in_lad = lad_s( MAX( k-k_wall,0 ),j,i)
2553	ENDIF
2554	!
2555	!-- For initialization and spinup, limit the RH with the parameter rhlim
2556	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
2557	in_cw(k) = MIN( in_cw(k), in_cs(k) * rhlim )
2558	ELSE
2559	in_cw(k) = in_cw(k)
2560	ENDIF
2561	cw_old = in_cw(k) !* in_adn(k)
2562	!
2563	!-- Set volume concentrations:
2564	!-- Sulphate (SO4) or sulphuric acid H2SO4
2565	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2566	vc = 1
2567	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 ! start index
2568	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol ! end index
2569	ic = 1
2570	DO ss = str, endi
2571	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2so4
2572	ic = ic+1
2573	ENDDO
2574	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2575	ENDIF
2576	!
2577	!-- Organic carbon (OC) compounds
2578	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2579	vc = 2
2580	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2581	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
2582	ic = 1
2583	DO ss = str, endi
2584	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhooc
2585	ic = ic+1
2586	ENDDO
2587	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2588	ENDIF
2589	!
2590	!-- Black carbon (BC)
2591	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2592	vc = 3
2593	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2594	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
2595	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2596	DO ss = str, endi
2597	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhobc
2598	ic = ic+1
2599	ENDDO
2600	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2601	ENDIF
2602	!
2603	!-- Dust (DU)
2604	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2605	vc = 4
2606	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2607	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
2608	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2609	DO ss = str, endi
2610	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhodu
2611	ic = ic+1
2612	ENDDO
2613	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2614	ENDIF
2615	!
2616	!-- Sea salt (SS)
2617	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2618	vc = 5
2619	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2620	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
2621	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2622	DO ss = str, endi
2623	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoss
2624	ic = ic+1
2625	ENDDO
2626	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2627	ENDIF
2628	!
2629	!-- Nitrate (NO(3-)) or nitric acid HNO3
2630	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2631	vc = 6
2632	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2633	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
2634	ic = 1
2635	DO ss = str, endi
2636	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhohno3
2637	ic = ic+1
2638	ENDDO
2639	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2640	ENDIF
2641	!
2642	!-- Ammonium (NH(4+)) or ammonia NH3
2643	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2644	vc = 7
2645	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2646	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
2647	ic = 1
2648	DO ss = str, endi
2649	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhonh3
2650	ic = ic+1
2651	ENDDO
2652	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2653	ENDIF
2654	!
2655	!-- Water (always used)
2656	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
2657	vc = 8
2658	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2659	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
2660	ic = 1
2661	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
2662	DO ss = str, endi
2663	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2o
2664	ic = ic+1
2665	ENDDO
2666	ELSE
2667	aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = mclim
2668	ENDIF
2669	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2670	!
2671	!-- Number concentrations (numc) and particle sizes
2672	!-- (dwet = wet diameter, core = dry volume)
2673	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2674	aero(ib)%numc = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i)
2675	aero_old(ib)%numc = aero(ib)%numc
2676	IF ( aero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
2677	aero(ib)%dwet = ( SUM( aero(ib)%volc(:) ) / aero(ib)%numc / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2678	aero(ib)%core = SUM( aero(ib)%volc(1:7) ) / aero(ib)%numc
2679	ELSE
2680	aero(ib)%dwet = aero(ib)%dmid
2681	aero(ib)%core = api6 * ( aero(ib)%dwet )**3
2682	ENDIF
2683	ENDDO
2684	!
2685	!-- On EACH call of salsa_driver, calculate the ambient sizes of
2686	!-- particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of particles with water
2687	!-- using the ZSR method.
2688	in_rh = in_cw(k) / in_cs(k)
2689	IF ( prunmode==1 .OR. .NOT. advect_particle_water ) THEN
2690	CALL equilibration( in_rh, in_t(k), aero, .TRUE. )
2691	ENDIF
2692	!
2693	!-- Gaseous tracer concentrations in #/m3
2694	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2695	!
2696	!-- Convert concentrations in ppm to #/m3
2697	zgso4 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(1))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2698	zghno3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(2))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2699	zgnh3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(3))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2700	zgocnv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(4))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2701	zgocsv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(5))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2702	ELSE
2703	zgso4 = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i)
2704	zghno3 = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i)
2705	zgnh3 = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i)
2706	zgocnv = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i)
2707	zgocsv = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i)
2708	ENDIF
2709	!
2710	!-- Calculate aerosol processes:
2711	!-- *********************************************************************************************
2712	!
2713	!-- Coagulation
2714	IF ( lscoag ) THEN
2715	CALL coagulation( aero, dt_salsa, in_t(k), in_p(k) )
2716	ENDIF
2717	!
2718	!-- Condensation
2719	IF ( lscnd ) THEN
2720	CALL condensation( aero, zgso4, zgocnv, zgocsv, zghno3, zgnh3, in_cw(k), in_cs(k), &
2721	in_t(k), in_p(k), dt_salsa, prtcl )
2722	ENDIF
2723	!
2724	!-- Deposition
2725	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
2726	CALL deposition( aero, in_t(k), in_adn(k), in_u(k), in_lad, kvis(k), schmidt_num(k,:), &
2727	vd(k,:) )
2728	ENDIF
2729	!
2730	!-- Size distribution bin update
2731	IF ( lsdistupdate ) THEN
2732	CALL distr_update( aero )
2733	ENDIF
2734	!-- *********************************************************************************************
2735
2736	IF ( lsdepo ) sedim_vd(k,j,i,:) = vd(k,:)
2737	!
2738	!-- Calculate changes in concentrations
2739	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2740	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ib)%numc - &
2741	aero_old(ib)%numc ) * flag
2742	ENDDO
2743
2744	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2745	vc = 1
2746	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2747	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol
2748	ic = 1
2749	DO ss = str, endi
2750	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2751	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2so4 * flag
2752	ic = ic+1
2753	ENDDO
2754	ENDIF
2755
2756	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2757	vc = 2
2758	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2759	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
2760	ic = 1
2761	DO ss = str, endi
2762	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2763	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhooc * flag
2764	ic = ic+1
2765	ENDDO
2766	ENDIF
2767
2768	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2769	vc = 3
2770	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2771	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
2772	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2773	DO ss = str, endi
2774	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2775	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhobc * flag
2776	ic = ic+1
2777	ENDDO
2778	ENDIF
2779
2780	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2781	vc = 4
2782	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2783	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
2784	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2785	DO ss = str, endi
2786	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2787	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhodu * flag
2788	ic = ic+1
2789	ENDDO
2790	ENDIF
2791
2792	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2793	vc = 5
2794	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2795	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
2796	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2797	DO ss = str, endi
2798	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2799	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoss * flag
2800	ic = ic+1
2801	ENDDO
2802	ENDIF
2803
2804	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2805	vc = 6
2806	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2807	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
2808	ic = 1
2809	DO ss = str, endi
2810	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2811	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhohno3 * flag
2812	ic = ic+1
2813	ENDDO
2814	ENDIF
2815
2816	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2817	vc = 7
2818	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2819	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
2820	ic = 1
2821	DO ss = str, endi
2822	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2823	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhonh3 * flag
2824	ic = ic+1
2825	ENDDO
2826	ENDIF
2827
2828	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
2829	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
2830	vc = 8
2831	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2832	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
2833	ic = 1
2834	DO ss = str, endi
2835	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2836	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o * flag
2837	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2838	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k) = MAX( aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k), &
2839	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) )
2840	IF ( k == nzb+1 ) THEN
2841	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k-1) = 0.0_wp
2842	ELSEIF ( k == nzt ) THEN
2843	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k+1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
2844	ENDIF
2845	ENDIF
2846	ic = ic+1
2847	ENDDO
2848	ENDIF
2849	!
2850	!-- Condensation of precursor gases
2851	IF ( lscndgas ) THEN
2852	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2853	!
2854	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
2855	ig = gas_index_chem(1)
2856	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 / &
2857	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2858	!
2859	!-- HNO3
2860	ig = gas_index_chem(2)
2861	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 / &
2862	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2863	!
2864	!-- NH3
2865	ig = gas_index_chem(3)
2866	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 / &
2867	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2868	!
2869	!-- non-volatile OC
2870	ig = gas_index_chem(4)
2871	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv / &
2872	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2873	!
2874	!-- semi-volatile OC
2875	ig = gas_index_chem(5)
2876	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv / &
2877	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2878
2879	ELSE
2880	!
2881	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
2882	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 - &
2883	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2884	!
2885	!-- HNO3
2886	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 - &
2887	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2888	!
2889	!-- NH3
2890	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 - &
2891	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2892	!
2893	!-- non-volatile OC
2894	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv - &
2895	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2896	!
2897	!-- semi-volatile OC
2898	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv - &
2899	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2900	ENDIF
2901	ENDIF
2902	!
2903	!-- Tendency of water vapour mixing ratio is obtained from the
2904	!-- change in RH during SALSA run. This releases heat and changes pt.
2905	!-- Assumes no temperature change during SALSA run.
2906	!-- q = r / (1+r), Euler method for integration
2907	!
2908	IF ( feedback_to_palm ) THEN
2909	q_p(k,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i) + 1.0_wp / ( in_cw(k) * in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 &
2910	( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) * flag
2911	pt_p(k,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i) + alv / c_p * ( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) / ( in_cw(k) / &
2912	in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 pt_p(k,j,i) / in_t(k) * flag
2913	ENDIF
2914
2915	ENDDO ! k
2916	!
2917	!-- Set surfaces and wall fluxes due to deposition
2918	IF ( lsdepo .AND. lsdepo_surf .AND. prunmode == 3 ) THEN
2919	IF ( .NOT. land_surface .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN
2920	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_h(0), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
2921	DO l = 0, 3
2922	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., l )
2923	ENDDO
2924	ELSE
2925	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
2926	DO l = 0, 3
2927	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., l )
2928	ENDDO
2929	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
2930	DO l = 0, 3
2931	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., l )
2932	ENDDO
2933	ENDIF
2934	ENDIF
2935
2936	END SUBROUTINE salsa_driver
2937
2938	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2939	! Description:
2940	! ------------
2941	!> Set logical switches according to the host model state and user-specified
2942	!> NAMELIST options.
2943	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
2944	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
2945	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2946	SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
2947
2948	IMPLICIT NONE
2949
2950	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode
2951
2952	SELECT CASE(prunmode)
2953
2954	CASE(1) !< Initialization
2955	lscoag = .FALSE.
2956	lscnd = .FALSE.
2957	lscndgas = .FALSE.
2958	lscndh2oae = .FALSE.
2959	lsdepo = .FALSE.
2960	lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE.
2961	lsdepo_surf = .FALSE.
2962	lsdistupdate = .TRUE.
2963	lspartition = .FALSE.
2964
2965	CASE(2) !< Spinup period
2966	lscoag = ( .FALSE. .AND. nlcoag )
2967	lscnd = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcnd )
2968	lscndgas = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndgas )
2969	lscndh2oae = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndh2oae )
2970
2971	CASE(3) !< Run
2972	lscoag = nlcoag
2973	lscnd = nlcnd
2974	lscndgas = nlcndgas
2975	lscndh2oae = nlcndh2oae
2976	lsdepo = nldepo
2977	lsdepo_pcm = nldepo_pcm
2978	lsdepo_surf = nldepo_surf
2979	lsdistupdate = nldistupdate
2980	END SELECT
2981
2982
2983	END SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime
2984
2985	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2986	! Description:
2987	! ------------
2988	!> Calculates the absolute temperature (using hydrostatic pressure), saturation
2989	!> vapour pressure and mixing ratio over water, relative humidity and air
2990	!> density needed in the SALSA model.
2991	!> NOTE, no saturation adjustment takes place -> the resulting water vapour
2992	!> mixing ratio can be supersaturated, allowing the microphysical calculations
2993	!> in SALSA.
2994	!
2995	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014 (original SALSAthrm)
2996	!> Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017 (adjustment for PALM and only aerosol processes)
2997	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2998	SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij, temp_ij, cw_ij, cs_ij, adn_ij )
2999
3000	USE arrays_3d, &
3001	ONLY: pt, q, zu
3002
3003	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
3004	ONLY: barometric_formula, exner_function, ideal_gas_law_rho, magnus
3005
3006	USE control_parameters, &
3007	ONLY: pt_surface, surface_pressure
3008
3009	IMPLICIT NONE
3010
3011	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !<
3012	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !<
3013
3014	REAL(wp) :: t_surface !< absolute surface temperature (K)
3015
3016	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: e_s !< saturation vapour pressure over water (Pa)
3017
3018	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: adn_ij !< air density (kg/m3)
3019	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: p_ij !< air pressure (Pa)
3020	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: temp_ij !< air temperature (K)
3021
3022	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cw_ij !< water vapour concentration (kg/m3)
3023	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cs_ij !< saturation water vap. conc.(kg/m3)
3024	!
3025	!-- Pressure p_ijk (Pa) = hydrostatic pressure
3026	t_surface = pt_surface * exner_function( surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3027	p_ij(:) = barometric_formula( zu, t_surface, surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3028	!
3029	!-- Absolute ambient temperature (K)
3030	temp_ij(:) = pt(:,j,i) * exner_function( p_ij(:) )
3031	!
3032	!-- Air density
3033	adn_ij(:) = ideal_gas_law_rho( p_ij(:), temp_ij(:) )
3034	!
3035	!-- Water vapour concentration r_v (kg/m3)
3036	IF ( PRESENT( cw_ij ) ) THEN
3037	cw_ij(:) = ( q(:,j,i) / ( 1.0_wp - q(:,j,i) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3038	ENDIF
3039	!
3040	!-- Saturation mixing ratio r_s (kg/kg) from vapour pressure at temp (Pa)
3041	IF ( PRESENT( cs_ij ) ) THEN
3042	e_s(:) = 611.0_wp * EXP( alv_d_rv * ( 3.6609E-3_wp - 1.0_wp / &
3043	temp_ij(:) ) )! magnus( temp_ij(:) )
3044	cs_ij(:) = ( 0.622_wp * e_s / ( p_ij(:) - e_s(:) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3045	ENDIF
3046
3047	END SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij
3048
3049	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3050	! Description:
3051	! ------------
3052	!> Calculates ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of
3053	!> particles with water using the ZSR method (Stokes and Robinson, 1966).
3054	!> Method:
3055	!> Following chemical components are assumed water-soluble
3056	!> - (ammonium) sulphate (100%)
3057	!> - sea salt (100 %)
3058	!> - organic carbon (epsoc * 100%)
3059	!> Exact thermodynamic considerations neglected.
3060	!> - If particles contain no sea salt, calculation according to sulphate
3061	!> properties
3062	!> - If contain sea salt but no sulphate, calculation according to sea salt
3063	!> properties
3064	!> - If contain both sulphate and sea salt -> the molar fraction of these
3065	!> compounds determines which one of them is used as the basis of calculation.
3066	!> If sulphate and sea salt coexist in a particle, it is assumed that the Cl is
3067	!> replaced by sulphate; thus only either sulphate + organics or sea salt +
3068	!> organics is included in the calculation of soluble fraction.
3069	!> Molality parameterizations taken from Table 1 of Tang: Thermodynamic and
3070	!> optical properties of mixed-salt aerosols of atmospheric importance,
3071	!> J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D2), 1883-1893 (1997)
3072	!
3073	!> Coded by:
3074	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
3075	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
3076	!> Matti Niskanen(FMI) 2012
3077	!> Anton Laakso (FMI) 2013
3078	!> Modified for the new aerosol datatype, Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
3079	!
3080	!> fxm: should sea salt form a solid particle when prh is very low (even though
3081	!> it could be mixed with e.g. sulphate)?
3082	!> fxm: crashes if no sulphate or sea salt
3083	!> fxm: do we really need to consider Kelvin effect for subrange 2
3084	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3085	SUBROUTINE equilibration( prh, ptemp, paero, init )
3086
3087	IMPLICIT NONE
3088
3089	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3090	INTEGER(iwp) :: counti !< loop index
3091
3092	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: init !< TRUE: Initialization, FALSE: Normal runtime: update water
3093	!< content only for 1a
3094
3095	REAL(wp) :: zaw !< water activity [0-1]
3096	REAL(wp) :: zcore !< Volume of dry particle
3097	REAL(wp) :: zdold !< Old diameter
3098	REAL(wp) :: zdwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter
3099	REAL(wp) :: zke !< Kelvin term in the KÃ¶hler equation
3100	REAL(wp) :: zlwc !< liquid water content [kg/m3-air]
3101	REAL(wp) :: zrh !< Relative humidity
3102
3103	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zbinmol !< binary molality of each components (mol/kg)
3104	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zvpart !< volume of chem. compounds in one particle
3105
3106	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prh !< relative humidity [0-1]
3107	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptemp !< temperature (K)
3108
3109	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3110
3111	zaw = 0.0_wp
3112	zlwc = 0.0_wp
3113	!
3114	!-- Relative humidity:
3115	zrh = prh
3116	zrh = MAX( zrh, 0.05_wp )
3117	zrh = MIN( zrh, 0.98_wp)
3118	!
3119	!-- 1) Regime 1: sulphate and partly water-soluble OC. Done for every CALL
3120	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a ! size bin
3121
3122	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3123	zdold = 1.0_wp
3124	zke = 1.02_wp
3125
3126	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3127	!
3128	!-- Volume in one particle
3129	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3130	zvpart(1:2) = paero(ib)%volc(1:2) / paero(ib)%numc
3131	zvpart(6:7) = paero(ib)%volc(6:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3132	!
3133	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle
3134	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:2) )
3135	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3136
3137	counti = 0
3138	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-2_wp )
3139
3140	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3141	zaw = MAX( 1.0E-3_wp, zrh / zke ) ! To avoid underflow
3142	!
3143	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3144	!-- Sulphate
3145	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3146	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3147	!-- Organic carbon
3148	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3149	!-- Nitric acid
3150	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - 6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw**2 &
3151	+ 5.510176187E+2_wp * zaw*3 - 1.460055286E+3_wp zaw**4 &
3152	+ 1.894467542E+3_wp * zaw*5 - 1.220611402E+3_wp zaw**6 &
3153	+ 3.098597737E+2_wp * zaw**7
3154	!
3155	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air) using ZSR (see e.g. Eq. 10.98 in
3156	!-- Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3157	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3158	epsoc * paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3159	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3/amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6)
3160	!
3161	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3162	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3163	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3164	!
3165	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006)). Avoid
3166	!-- overflow.
3167	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * ptemp * zdwet ) ) )
3168
3169	counti = counti + 1
3170	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3171	message_string = 'Subrange 1: no convergence!'
3172	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0617', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3173	ENDIF
3174	ENDDO
3175	!
3176	!-- Instead of lwc, use the volume concentration of water from now on
3177	!-- (easy to convert...)
3178	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3179	!
3180	!-- If this is initialization, update the core and wet diameter
3181	IF ( init ) THEN
3182	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3183	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3184	ENDIF
3185
3186	ELSE
3187	!-- If initialization
3188	!-- 1.2) empty bins given bin average values
3189	IF ( init ) THEN
3190	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3191	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3192	ENDIF
3193
3194	ENDIF
3195
3196	ENDDO ! ib
3197	!
3198	!-- 2) Regime 2a: sulphate, OC, BC and sea salt
3199	!-- This is done only for initialization call, otherwise the water contents
3200	!-- are computed via condensation
3201	IF ( init ) THEN
3202	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2b
3203	!
3204	!-- Initialize
3205	zke = 1.02_wp
3206	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3207	zdold = 1.0_wp
3208	!
3209	!-- 1) Particle properties calculated for non-empty bins
3210	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3211	!
3212	!-- Volume in one particle [fxm]
3213	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3214	zvpart(1:7) = paero(ib)%volc(1:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3215	!
3216	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle [fxm]
3217	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:5) )
3218	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3219
3220	counti = 0
3221	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-12_wp )
3222
3223	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3224	zaw = zrh / zke
3225	!
3226	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3227	!-- Sulphate
3228	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3229	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3230	!-- Organic carbon
3231	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3232	!-- Nitric acid
3233	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - &
3234	6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw*2 + 5.510176187E+2_wp zaw**3 - &
3235	1.460055286E+3_wp * zaw*4 + 1.894467542E+3_wp zaw**5 - &
3236	1.220611402E+3_wp * zaw*6 + 3.098597737E+2_wp zaw**7
3237	!-- Sea salt (natrium chloride)
3238	zbinmol(5) = 5.875248E+1_wp - 1.8781997E+2_wp * zaw + 2.7211377E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3239	1.8458287E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 4.153689E+1_wp zaw**4
3240	!
3241	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air)
3242	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3243	epsoc * ( paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3244	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3 / amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6) + &
3245	( paero(ib)%volc(5) * ( arhoss / amss ) ) / zbinmol(5)
3246
3247	!-- Particle wet radius (m)
3248	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3249	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3250	!
3251	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3252	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * zdwet * ptemp ) ) )
3253
3254	counti = counti + 1
3255	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3256	message_string = 'Subrange 2: no convergence!'
3257	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0618', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3258	ENDIF
3259	ENDDO
3260	!
3261	!-- Liquid water content; instead of LWC use the volume concentration
3262	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3263	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3264	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3265
3266	ELSE
3267	!-- 2.2) empty bins given bin average values
3268	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3269	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3270	ENDIF
3271
3272	ENDDO ! ib
3273	ENDIF
3274
3275	END SUBROUTINE equilibration
3276
3277	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3278	!> Description:
3279	!> ------------
3280	!> Calculation of the settling velocity vc (m/s) per aerosol size bin and
3281	!> deposition on plant canopy (lsdepo_pcm).
3282	!
3283	!> Deposition is based on either the scheme presented in:
3284	!> Zhang et al. (2001), Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560 (includes collection due to
3285	!> Brownian diffusion, impaction, interception and sedimentation; hereafter ZO1)
3286	!> OR
3287	!> Petroff & Zhang (2010), Geosci. Model Dev. 3, 753-769 (includes also
3288	!> collection due to turbulent impaction, hereafter P10)
3289	!
3290	!> Equation numbers refer to equation in Jacobson (2005): Fundamentals of
3291	!> Atmospheric Modeling, 2nd Edition.
3292	!
3293	!> Subroutine follows closely sedim_SALSA in UCLALES-SALSA written by Juha
3294	!> Tonttila (KIT/FMI) and Zubair Maalick (UEF).
3295	!> Rewritten to PALM by Mona Kurppa (UH), 2017.
3296	!
3297	!> Call for grid point i,j,k
3298	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3299
3300	SUBROUTINE deposition( paero, tk, adn, mag_u, lad, kvis, schmidt_num, vc )
3301
3302	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
3303	ONLY: cdc
3304
3305	IMPLICIT NONE
3306
3307	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3308
3309	REAL(wp) :: avis !< molecular viscocity of air (kg/(m*s))
3310	REAL(wp) :: Cc !< Cunningham slip-flow correction factor
3311	REAL(wp) :: Kn !< Knudsen number
3312	REAL(wp) :: lambda !< molecular mean free path (m)
3313	REAL(wp) :: mdiff !< particle diffusivity coefficient
3314	REAL(wp) :: pdn !< particle density (kg/m3)
3315	REAL(wp) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3316	REAL(wp) :: va !< thermal speed of an air molecule (m/s)
3317	REAL(wp) :: zdwet !< wet diameter (m)
3318
3319	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: adn !< air density (kg/m3)
3320	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3321	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3322	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: tk !< abs.temperature (K)
3323
3324	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3325
3326	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3327	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: vc !< critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity of
3328	!< an aerosol particle (m/s)
3329
3330	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3331	!
3332	!-- Initialise
3333	pdn = 1500.0_wp ! default value
3334	ustar = 0.0_wp
3335	!
3336	!-- Molecular viscosity of air (Eq. 4.54)
3337	avis = 1.8325E-5_wp * ( 416.16_wp / ( tk + 120.0_wp ) ) * ( tk / 296.16_wp )**1.5_wp
3338	!
3339	!-- Kinematic viscosity (Eq. 4.55)
3340	kvis = avis / adn
3341	!
3342	!-- Thermal velocity of an air molecule (Eq. 15.32)
3343	va = SQRT( 8.0_wp * abo * tk / ( pi * am_airmol ) )
3344	!
3345	!-- Mean free path (m) (Eq. 15.24)
3346	lambda = 2.0_wp * avis / ( adn * va )
3347
3348	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3349
3350	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3351	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3352	!
3353	!-- Knudsen number (Eq. 15.23)
3354	Kn = MAX( 1.0E-2_wp, lambda / ( zdwet * 0.5_wp ) ) ! To avoid underflow
3355	!
3356	!-- Cunningham slip-flow correction (Eq. 15.30)
3357	Cc = 1.0_wp + Kn * ( 1.249_wp + 0.42_wp * EXP( -0.87_wp / Kn ) )
3358
3359	!-- Particle diffusivity coefficient (Eq. 15.29)
3360	mdiff = ( abo * tk * Cc ) / ( 3.0_wp * pi * avis * zdwet )
3361	!
3362	!-- Particle Schmidt number (Eq. 15.36)
3363	schmidt_num(ib) = kvis / mdiff
3364	!
3365	!-- Critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity (Eq. 20.4)
3366	vc(ib) = MIN( 1.0_wp, terminal_vel( 0.5_wp * zdwet, pdn, adn, avis, Cc) )
3367	!
3368	!-- Friction velocity for deposition on vegetation. Calculated following Prandtl (1925):
3369	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy .AND. lad > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3370	ustar = SQRT( cdc ) * mag_u
3371	CALL depo_pcm( paero, ib, vc(ib), mag_u, ustar, kvis, schmidt_num(ib), lad )
3372	ENDIF
3373	ENDDO
3374
3375	END SUBROUTINE deposition
3376
3377	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3378	! Description:
3379	! ------------
3380	!> Calculate change in number and volume concentrations due to deposition on
3381	!> plant canopy.
3382	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3383	SUBROUTINE depo_pcm( paero, ib, vc, mag_u, ustar, kvis_a, schmidt_num, lad )
3384
3385	IMPLICIT NONE
3386
3387	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3388
3389	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: ib !< loop index
3390
3391	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3392	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3393	REAL(wp) :: depo !< deposition efficiency
3394	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3395	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3396	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3397	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3398	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3399	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3400	!< Table 3 in Z01
3401	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3402	REAL(wp) :: rs !< overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3403	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3404	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3405	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3406	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3407	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3408	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3409
3410	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: kvis_a !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3411	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3412	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3413	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3414	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3415	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3416
3417	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3418	!
3419	!-- Initialise
3420	rs = 0.0_wp
3421	tau_plus = 0.0_wp
3422	v_bd = 0.0_wp
3423	v_im = 0.0_wp
3424	v_in = 0.0_wp
3425	v_it = 0.0_wp
3426
3427	IF ( depo_pcm_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
3428	!
3429	!-- Parameters for the land use category 'deciduous broadleaf trees'(Table 3)
3430	alpha = alpha_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3431	gamma = gamma_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3432	par_a = A_z01(depo_pcm_type_num, season) * 1.0E-3_wp
3433	!
3434	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3435	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_a )
3436	!
3437	!-- The overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles (Zhang et al., Eq. 5)
3438	rs = MAX( EPSILON( 1.0_wp ), ( 3.0_wp * ustar * EXP( -stokes_num*0.5_wp ) &
3439	( schmidt_num( -gamma ) + ( stokes_num / ( alpha + stokes_num ) )2 + &
3440	0.5_wp * ( paero(ib)%dwet / par_a )**2 ) ) )
3441
3442	depo = ( rs + vc ) * lad
3443
3444	ELSEIF ( depo_pcm_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
3445	!
3446	!-- vd = v_BD + v_IN + v_IM + v_IT + vc
3447	!-- Deposition efficiencies from Table 1. Constants from Table 2.
3448	par_l = l_p10(depo_pcm_type_num) * 0.01_wp
3449	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3450	c_interception = c_in_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3451	c_impaction = c_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3452	beta_im = beta_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3453	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3454	!
3455	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3456	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_l )
3457	!
3458	!-- Non-dimensional relexation time of the particle on top of canopy
3459	tau_plus = vc * ustar*2 / ( kvis_a g )
3460	!
3461	!-- Brownian diffusion
3462	v_bd = mag_u * c_brownian_diff * schmidt_num*( -0.66666666_wp ) &
3463	( mag_u * par_l / kvis_a )**( -0.5_wp )
3464	!
3465	!-- Interception
3466	v_in = mag_u * c_interception * paero(ib)%dwet / par_l * ( 2.0_wp + LOG( 2.0_wp * par_l / &
3467	paero(ib)%dwet ) )
3468	!
3469	!-- Impaction: Petroff (2009) Eq. 18
3470	v_im = mag_u * c_impaction * ( stokes_num / ( stokes_num + beta_im ) )**2
3471	!
3472	!-- Turbulent impaction
3473	IF ( tau_plus < 20.0_wp ) THEN
3474	v_it = 2.5E-3_wp * c_turb_impaction * tau_plus**2
3475	ELSE
3476	v_it = c_turb_impaction
3477	ENDIF
3478
3479	depo = ( v_bd + v_in + v_im + v_it + vc ) * lad
3480
3481	ENDIF
3482	!
3483	!-- Calculate the change in concentrations
3484	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc - depo * paero(ib)%numc * dt_salsa
3485	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1
3486	paero(ib)%volc(ic) = paero(ib)%volc(ic) - depo * paero(ib)%volc(ic) * dt_salsa
3487	ENDDO
3488
3489	END SUBROUTINE depo_pcm
3490
3491	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3492	! Description:
3493	! ------------
3494	!> Calculate the dry deposition on horizontal and vertical surfaces. Implement
3495	!> as a surface flux.
3496	!> @todo aerodynamic resistance ignored for now (not important for
3497	! high-resolution simulations)
3498	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3499	SUBROUTINE depo_surf( i, j, surf, vc, schmidt_num, kvis, mag_u, norm, l )
3500
3501	USE arrays_3d, &
3502	ONLY: rho_air_zw
3503
3504	USE surface_mod, &
3505	ONLY: surf_type
3506
3507	IMPLICIT NONE
3508
3509	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3510	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3511	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !< additional loop index
3512	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
3513	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< loop index
3514	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_e !< End index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3515	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_s !< Start index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3516
3517	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
3518	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
3519
3520	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in), OPTIONAL :: l !< index variable for surface facing
3521
3522	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: norm !< to normalise or not
3523
3524	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3525	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3526	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3527	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3528	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3529	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3530	REAL(wp) :: depo !< deposition efficiency
3531	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3532	REAL(wp) :: norm_fac !< normalisation factor (usually air density)
3533	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3534	!< Table 3 in Z01
3535	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3536	REAL(wp) :: rs !< the overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3537	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for bluff surface elements
3538	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3539	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3540	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3541	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3542	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3543
3544	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3545	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3546
3547	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3548	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3549
3550	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(inout) :: surf !< respective surface type
3551	!
3552	!-- Initialise
3553	rs = 0.0_wp
3554	surf_s = surf%start_index(j,i)
3555	surf_e = surf%end_index(j,i)
3556	tau_plus = 0.0_wp
3557	v_bd = 0.0_wp
3558	v_im = 0.0_wp
3559	v_in = 0.0_wp
3560	v_it = 0.0_wp
3561	!
3562	!-- Model parameters for the land use category. If LSM is applied, import
3563	!-- characteristics. Otherwise, apply surface type "urban".
3564	alpha = alpha_z01(luc_urban)
3565	gamma = gamma_z01(luc_urban)
3566	par_a = A_z01(luc_urban, season) * 1.0E-3_wp
3567
3568	par_l = l_p10(luc_urban) * 0.01_wp
3569	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(luc_urban)
3570	c_interception = c_in_p10(luc_urban)
3571	c_impaction = c_im_p10(luc_urban)
3572	beta_im = beta_im_p10(luc_urban)
3573	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(luc_urban)
3574
3575	DO m = surf_s, surf_e
3576	k = surf%k(m)
3577
3578	IF ( norm ) THEN
3579	norm_fac = rho_air_zw(k)
3580	IF ( land_surface ) THEN
3581	alpha = alpha_z01( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3582	beta_im = beta_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3583	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3584	c_impaction = c_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3585	c_interception = c_in_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3586	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3587	gamma = gamma_z01( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3588	par_a = A_z01( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m), season ) * 1.0E-3_wp
3589	par_l = l_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) ) * 0.01_wp
3590	ENDIF
3591	ELSE
3592	norm_fac = 0.0_wp
3593	IF ( land_surface ) THEN
3594	alpha = alpha_z01( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3595	beta_im = beta_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3596	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3597	c_impaction = c_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3598	c_interception = c_in_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3599	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3600	gamma = gamma_z01( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3601	par_a = A_z01( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m), season ) * 1.0E-3_wp
3602	par_l = l_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) ) * 0.01_wp
3603	ENDIF
3604	ENDIF
3605
3606	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3607	IF ( aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) <= nclim .OR. schmidt_num(k+1,ib) < 1.0_wp ) CYCLE
3608
3609	IF ( depo_surf_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
3610	!
3611	!-- Stokes number for smooth surfaces or surfaces with bluff roughness
3612	!-- elements (Seinfeld and Pandis, 2nd edition (2006): Eq. 19.23)
3613	stokes_num = MAX( 0.01_wp, vc(k+1,ib) * surf%us(m)*2 / ( g kvis(k+1) ) )
3614	!
3615	!-- The overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles (Eq. 5)
3616	rs = MAX( EPSILON( 1.0_wp ), ( 3.0_wp * surf%us(m) * ( schmidt_num(k+1,ib)**( -gamma )&
3617	+ ( stokes_num / ( alpha + stokes_num ) )*2 + 0.5_wp ( ra_dry(k,j,i,ib) /&
3618	par_a )*2 ) EXP( -stokes_num**0.5_wp ) ) )
3619	depo = vc(k+1,ib) + rs
3620
3621	ELSEIF ( depo_surf_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
3622	!
3623	!-- vd = v_BD + v_IN + v_IM + v_IT + vc
3624	!
3625	!-- Stokes number for smooth surfaces or surfaces with bluff roughness
3626	!-- elements (Seinfeld and Pandis, 2nd edition (2006): Eq. 19.23)
3627	stokes_num = MAX( 0.01_wp, vc(k+1,ib) * surf%us(m)*2 / ( g kvis(k+1) ) )
3628	!
3629	!-- Non-dimensional relexation time of the particle on top of canopy
3630	tau_plus = vc(k+1,ib) * surf%us(m)*2 / ( kvis(k+1) g )
3631	!
3632	!-- Brownian diffusion
3633	v_bd = mag_u(k+1) * c_brownian_diff * schmidt_num(k+1,ib)*( -0.666666_wp ) &
3634	( mag_u(k+1) * par_l / kvis(k+1) )**( -0.5_wp )
3635	!
3636	!-- Interception
3637	v_in = mag_u(k+1) * c_interception * ra_dry(k,j,i,ib)/ par_l * &
3638	( 2.0_wp + LOG( 2.0_wp * par_l / ra_dry(k,j,i,ib) ) )
3639	!
3640	!-- Impaction: Petroff (2009) Eq. 18
3641	v_im = mag_u(k+1) * c_impaction * ( stokes_num / ( stokes_num + beta_im ) )**2
3642
3643	IF ( tau_plus < 20.0_wp ) THEN
3644	v_it = 2.5E-3_wp * c_turb_impaction * tau_plus**2
3645	ELSE
3646	v_it = c_turb_impaction
3647	ENDIF
3648	depo = v_bd + v_in + v_im + v_it + vc(k+1,ib)
3649
3650	ENDIF
3651	!
3652	!-- Calculate changes in surface fluxes due to dry deposition
3653	IF ( aero_emission_att%lod == 2 .OR. salsa_emission_mode == 'no_emission' ) THEN
3654	surf%answs(m,ib) = -depo * norm_fac * aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i)
3655	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
3656	icc = ( ic - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
3657	surf%amsws(m,icc) = -depo * norm_fac * aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(k,j,i)
3658	ENDDO ! ic
3659	ELSE
3660	surf%answs(m,ib) = aerosol_number(ib)%source(j,i) - &
3661	MAX( 0.0_wp, depo * norm_fac * aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) )
3662	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
3663	icc = ( ic - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
3664	surf%amsws(m,icc) = aerosol_mass(icc)%source(j,i) - &
3665	MAX( 0.0_wp, depo * norm_fac * aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(k,j,i) )
3666	ENDDO ! ic
3667	ENDIF
3668	ENDDO ! ib
3669	ENDDO ! m
3670
3671	END SUBROUTINE depo_surf
3672
3673	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3674	! Description:
3675	! ------------
3676	! Function for calculating terminal velocities for different particles sizes.
3677	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3678	REAL(wp) FUNCTION terminal_vel( radius, rhop, rhoa, visc, beta )
3679
3680	IMPLICIT NONE
3681
3682	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: beta !< Cunningham correction factor
3683	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: radius !< particle radius (m)
3684	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: rhop !< particle density (kg/m3)
3685	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: rhoa !< air density (kg/m3)
3686	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: visc !< molecular viscosity of air (kg/(m*s))
3687
3688	!
3689	!-- Stokes law with Cunningham slip correction factor
3690	terminal_vel = 4.0_wp * radius*2 ( rhop - rhoa ) * g * beta / ( 18.0_wp * visc ) ! (m/s)
3691
3692	END FUNCTION terminal_vel
3693
3694	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3695	! Description:
3696	! ------------
3697	!> Calculates particle loss and change in size distribution due to (Brownian)
3698	!> coagulation. Only for particles with dwet < 30 micrometres.
3699	!
3700	!> Method:
3701	!> Semi-implicit, non-iterative method: (Jacobson, 1994)
3702	!> Volume concentrations of the smaller colliding particles added to the bin of
3703	!> the larger colliding particles. Start from first bin and use the updated
3704	!> number and volume for calculation of following bins. NB! Our bin numbering
3705	!> does not follow particle size in subrange 2.
3706	!
3707	!> Schematic for bin numbers in different subranges:
3708	!> 1 2
3709	!> +-------------------------------------------+
3710	!> a \| 1 \| 2 \| 3 \|\| 4 \| 5 \| 6 \| 7 \| 8 \| 9 \| 10\|\|
3711	!> b \| \|\|11 \|12 \|13 \|14 \| 15 \| 16 \| 17\|\|
3712	!> +-------------------------------------------+
3713	!
3714	!> Exact coagulation coefficients for each pressure level are scaled according
3715	!> to current particle wet size (linear scaling).
3716	!> Bins are organized in terms of the dry size of the condensation nucleus,
3717	!> while coagulation kernell is calculated with the actual hydrometeor
3718	!> size.
3719	!
3720	!> Called from salsa_driver
3721	!> fxm: Process selection should be made smarter - now just lots of IFs inside
3722	!> loops
3723	!
3724	!> Coded by:
3725	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
3726	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
3727	!> Tommi Bergman (FMI) 2012
3728	!> Matti Niskanen(FMI) 2012
3729	!> Anton Laakso (FMI) 2013
3730	!> Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
3731	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3732	SUBROUTINE coagulation( paero, ptstep, ptemp, ppres )
3733
3734	IMPLICIT NONE
3735
3736	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_2a !< corresponding bin in subrange 2a
3737	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_2b !< corresponding bin in subrange 2b
3738	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3739	INTEGER(iwp) :: ll !< loop index
3740	INTEGER(iwp) :: mm !< loop index
3741	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !< loop index
3742
3743	REAL(wp) :: pressi !< pressure
3744	REAL(wp) :: temppi !< temperature
3745	REAL(wp) :: zdpart_mm !< diameter of particle (m)
3746	REAL(wp) :: zdpart_nn !< diameter of particle (m)
3747	REAL(wp) :: zminusterm !< coagulation loss in a bin (1/s)
3748
3749	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ppres !< ambient pressure (Pa)
3750	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptemp !< ambient temperature (K)
3751	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptstep !< time step (s)
3752
3753	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: zmpart !< approximate mass of particles (kg)
3754	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec+1) :: zplusterm !< coagulation gain in a bin (for each
3755	!< chemical compound)
3756	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol,nbins_aerosol) :: zcc !< updated coagulation coefficients (m3/s)
3757
3758	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< Aerosol properties
3759
3760	zdpart_mm = 0.0_wp
3761	zdpart_nn = 0.0_wp
3762	!
3763	!-- 1) Coagulation to coarse mode calculated in a simplified way:
3764	!-- CoagSink ~ Dp in continuum subrange, thus we calculate 'effective'
3765	!-- number concentration of coarse particles
3766
3767	!-- 2) Updating coagulation coefficients
3768	!
3769	!-- Aerosol mass (kg). Density of 1500 kg/m3 assumed
3770	zmpart(1:end_subrange_2b) = api6 * ( MIN( paero(1:end_subrange_2b)%dwet, 30.0E-6_wp )**3 ) &
3771	* 1500.0_wp
3772	temppi = ptemp
3773	pressi = ppres
3774	zcc = 0.0_wp
3775	!
3776	!-- Aero-aero coagulation
3777	DO mm = 1, end_subrange_2b ! smaller colliding particle
3778	IF ( paero(mm)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3779	DO nn = mm, end_subrange_2b ! larger colliding particle
3780	IF ( paero(nn)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3781
3782	zdpart_mm = MIN( paero(mm)%dwet, 30.0E-6_wp ) ! Limit to 30 um
3783	zdpart_nn = MIN( paero(nn)%dwet, 30.0E-6_wp ) ! Limit to 30 um
3784	!
3785	!-- Coagulation coefficient of particles (m3/s)
3786	zcc(mm,nn) = coagc( zdpart_mm, zdpart_nn, zmpart(mm), zmpart(nn), temppi, pressi )
3787	zcc(nn,mm) = zcc(mm,nn)
3788	ENDDO
3789	ENDDO
3790
3791	!
3792	!-- 3) New particle and volume concentrations after coagulation:
3793	!-- Calculated according to Jacobson (2005) eq. 15.9
3794	!
3795	!-- Aerosols in subrange 1a:
3796	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
3797	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3798	zminusterm = 0.0_wp
3799	zplusterm(:) = 0.0_wp
3800	!
3801	!-- Particles lost by coagulation with larger aerosols
3802	DO ll = ib+1, end_subrange_2b
3803	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3804	ENDDO
3805	!
3806	!-- Coagulation gain in a bin: change in volume conc. (cm3/cm3):
3807	DO ll = start_subrange_1a, ib - 1
3808	zplusterm(1:2) = zplusterm(1:2) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:2)
3809	zplusterm(6:7) = zplusterm(6:7) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(6:7)
3810	zplusterm(8) = zplusterm(8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(8)
3811	ENDDO
3812	!
3813	!-- Volume and number concentrations after coagulation update [fxm]
3814	paero(ib)%volc(1:2) = ( paero(ib)%volc(1:2) + ptstep * zplusterm(1:2) * paero(ib)%numc ) / &
3815	( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3816	paero(ib)%volc(6:8) = ( paero(ib)%volc(6:8) + ptstep * zplusterm(6:8) * paero(ib)%numc ) / &
3817	( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3818	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc / ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm + 0.5_wp * ptstep * &
3819	zcc(ib,ib) * paero(ib)%numc )
3820	ENDDO
3821	!
3822	!-- Aerosols in subrange 2a:
3823	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
3824	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3825	zminusterm = 0.0_wp
3826	zplusterm(:) = 0.0_wp
3827	!
3828	!-- Find corresponding size bin in subrange 2b
3829	index_2b = ib - start_subrange_2a + start_subrange_2b
3830	!
3831	!-- Particles lost by larger particles in 2a
3832	DO ll = ib+1, end_subrange_2a
3833	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3834	ENDDO
3835	!
3836	!-- Particles lost by larger particles in 2b
3837	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
3838	DO ll = index_2b+1, end_subrange_2b
3839	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3840	ENDDO
3841	ENDIF
3842	!
3843	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in subranges 1, 2a and 2b
3844	DO ll = start_subrange_1a, ib-1
3845	zplusterm(1:2) = zplusterm(1:2) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:2)
3846	zplusterm(6:8) = zplusterm(6:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(6:8)
3847	ENDDO
3848	!
3849	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in 2a
3850	!-- (Note, for components not included in the previous loop!)
3851	DO ll = start_subrange_2a, ib-1
3852	zplusterm(3:5) = zplusterm(3:5) + zcc(ll,ib)*paero(ll)%volc(3:5)
3853	ENDDO
3854	!
3855	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller (and equal) particles in 2b
3856	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
3857	DO ll = start_subrange_2b, index_2b
3858	zplusterm(1:8) = zplusterm(1:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:8)
3859	ENDDO
3860	ENDIF
3861	!
3862	!-- Volume and number concentrations after coagulation update [fxm]
3863	paero(ib)%volc(1:8) = ( paero(ib)%volc(1:8) + ptstep * zplusterm(1:8) * paero(ib)%numc ) / &
3864	( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3865	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc / ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm + 0.5_wp * ptstep * &
3866	zcc(ib,ib) * paero(ib)%numc )
3867	ENDDO
3868	!
3869	!-- Aerosols in subrange 2b:
3870	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
3871	DO ib = start_subrange_2b, end_subrange_2b
3872	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3873	zminusterm = 0.0_wp
3874	zplusterm(:) = 0.0_wp
3875	!
3876	!-- Find corresponding size bin in subsubrange 2a
3877	index_2a = ib - start_subrange_2b + start_subrange_2a
3878	!
3879	!-- Particles lost to larger particles in subranges 2b
3880	DO ll = ib + 1, end_subrange_2b
3881	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3882	ENDDO
3883	!
3884	!-- Particles lost to larger and equal particles in 2a
3885	DO ll = index_2a, end_subrange_2a
3886	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3887	ENDDO
3888	!
3889	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in subranges 1 & 2a
3890	DO ll = start_subrange_1a, index_2a - 1
3891	zplusterm(1:8) = zplusterm(1:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:8)
3892	ENDDO
3893	!
3894	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in 2b
3895	DO ll = start_subrange_2b, ib - 1
3896	zplusterm(1:8) = zplusterm(1:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:8)
3897	ENDDO
3898	!
3899	!-- Volume and number concentrations after coagulation update [fxm]
3900	paero(ib)%volc(1:8) = ( paero(ib)%volc(1:8) + ptstep * zplusterm(1:8) * paero(ib)%numc ) &
3901	/ ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3902	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc / ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm + 0.5_wp * ptstep * &
3903	zcc(ib,ib) * paero(ib)%numc )
3904	ENDDO
3905	ENDIF
3906
3907	END SUBROUTINE coagulation
3908
3909	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3910	! Description:
3911	! ------------
3912	!> Calculation of coagulation coefficients. Extended version of the function
3913	!> originally found in mo_salsa_init.
3914	!
3915	!> J. Tonttila, FMI, 05/2014
3916	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3917	REAL(wp) FUNCTION coagc( diam1, diam2, mass1, mass2, temp, pres )
3918
3919	IMPLICIT NONE
3920
3921	REAL(wp) :: fmdist !< distance of flux matching (m)
3922	REAL(wp) :: knud_p !< particle Knudsen number
3923	REAL(wp) :: mdiam !< mean diameter of colliding particles (m)
3924	REAL(wp) :: mfp !< mean free path of air molecules (m)
3925	REAL(wp) :: visc !< viscosity of air (kg/(m s))
3926
3927	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diam1 !< diameter of colliding particle 1 (m)
3928	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diam2 !< diameter of colliding particle 2 (m)
3929	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mass1