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salsa_mod.f90 @ 3865

Last change on this file since 3865 was 3865, checked in by monakurppa, 6 years ago
Bug fix in preprocessor directive netcdf
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
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1	!> @file salsa_mod.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM-4U.
4	!
5	! PALM-4U is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM-4U is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2018-2018 University of Helsinki
18	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
19	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
20	!
21	! Current revisions:
22	! -----------------
23	!
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: salsa_mod.f90 3865 2019-04-05 09:35:36Z monakurppa $
28	! Major changes in formatting, performance and data input structure (see branch
29	! the history for details)
30	! - Time-dependent emissions enabled: lod=1 for yearly PM emissions that are
31	! normalised depending on the time, and lod=2 for preprocessed emissions
32	! (similar to the chemistry module).
33	! - Additionally, 'uniform' emissions allowed. This emission is set constant on
34	! all horisontal upward facing surfaces and it is created based on parameters
35	! surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg/sigmag/mass_fracs_a/mass_fracs_b.
36	! - All emissions are now implemented as surface fluxes! No 3D sources anymore.
37	! - Update the emission information by calling salsa_emission_update if
38	! skip_time_do_salsa >= time_since_reference_point and
39	! next_aero_emission_update <= time_since_reference_point
40	! - Aerosol background concentrations read from PIDS_DYNAMIC. The vertical grid
41	! must match the one applied in the model.
42	! - Gas emissions and background concentrations can be also read in in salsa_mod
43	! if the chemistry module is not applied.
44	! - In deposition, information on the land use type can be now imported from
45	! the land use model
46	! - Use SI units in PARIN, i.e. n_lognorm given in #/m3 and dpg in metres.
47	! - Apply 100 character line limit
48	! - Change all variable names from capital to lowercase letter
49	! - Change real exponents to integer if possible. If not, precalculate the value
50	! value of exponent
51	! - Rename in1a to start_subrange_1a, fn2a to end_subrange_1a etc.
52	! - Rename nbins --> nbins_aerosol, ncc_tot --> ncomponents_mass and ngast -->
53	! ngases_salsa
54	! - Rename ibc to index_bc, idu to index_du etc.
55	! - Renamed loop indices b, c and sg to ib, ic and ig
56	! - run_salsa subroutine removed
57	! - Corrected a bud in salsa_driver: falsely applied ino instead of inh
58	! - Call salsa_tendency within salsa_prognostic_equations which is called in
59	! module_interface_mod instead of prognostic_equations_mod
60	! - Removed tailing white spaces and unused variables
61	! - Change error message to start by PA instead of SA
62	!
63	! 3833 2019-03-28 15:04:04Z forkel
64	! added USE chem_gasphase_mod for nvar, nspec and spc_names
65	!
66	! 3787 2019-03-07 08:43:54Z raasch
67	! unused variables removed
68	!
69	! 3780 2019-03-05 11:19:45Z forkel
70	! unused variable for file index removed from rrd-subroutines parameter list
71	!
72	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
73	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
74	!
75	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
76	! Implementation of the PALM module interface
77	!
78	! 3636 2018-12-19 13:48:34Z raasch
79	! nopointer option removed
80	!
81	! 3630 2018-12-17 11:04:17Z knoop
82	! - Moved the control parameter "salsa" from salsa_mod.f90 to control_parameters
83	! - Updated salsa_rrd_local and salsa_wrd_local
84	! - Add target attribute
85	! - Revise initialization in case of restarts
86	! - Revise masked data output
87	!
88	! 3582 2018-11-29 19:16:36Z suehring
89	! missing comma separator inserted
90	!
91	! 3483 2018-11-02 14:19:26Z raasch
92	! bugfix: directives added to allow compilation without netCDF
93	!
94	! 3481 2018-11-02 09:14:13Z raasch
95	! temporary variable cc introduced to circumvent a possible Intel18 compiler bug
96	! related to contiguous/non-contguous pointer/target attributes
97	!
98	! 3473 2018-10-30 20:50:15Z suehring
99	! NetCDF input routine renamed
100	!
101	! 3467 2018-10-30 19:05:21Z suehring
102	! Initial revision
103	!
104	! 3412 2018-10-24 07:25:57Z monakurppa
105	!
106	! Authors:
107	! --------
108	! @author Mona Kurppa (University of Helsinki)
109	!
110	!
111	! Description:
112	! ------------
113	!> Sectional aerosol module for large scale applications SALSA
114	!> (Kokkola et al., 2008, ACP 8, 2469-2483). Solves the aerosol number and mass
115	!> concentration as well as chemical composition. Includes aerosol dynamic
116	!> processes: nucleation, condensation/evaporation of vapours, coagulation and
117	!> deposition on tree leaves, ground and roofs.
118	!> Implementation is based on formulations implemented in UCLALES-SALSA except
119	!> for deposition which is based on parametrisations by Zhang et al. (2001,
120	!> Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560) or Petroff&Zhang (2010, Geosci. Model Dev. 3,
121	!> 753-769)
122	!>
123	!> @todo Apply information from emission_stack_height to lift emission sources
124	!> @todo emission mode "parameterized", i.e. based on street type
125	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
126	MODULE salsa_mod
127
128	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
129	ONLY: c_p, g, p_0, pi, r_d
130
131	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
132	ONLY: nspec, nvar, spc_names
133
134	USE chemistry_model_mod, &
135	ONLY: chem_species
136
137	USE chem_modules, &
138	ONLY: call_chem_at_all_substeps, chem_gasphase_on
139
140	USE control_parameters
141
142	USE indices, &
143	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb, &
144	nzb_s_inner, nz, nzt, wall_flags_0
145
146	USE kinds
147
148	USE pegrid
149
150	USE salsa_util_mod
151
152	IMPLICIT NONE
153	!
154	!-- SALSA constants:
155	!
156	!-- Local constants:
157	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: luc_urban = 8 !< default landuse type for urban: use desert!
158	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: ngases_salsa = 5 !< total number of gaseous tracers:
159	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV
160	!< (non-volatile OC), 5 = OCSV (semi-volatile)
161	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nmod = 7 !< number of modes for initialising the aerosol size
162	!< distribution
163	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nreg = 2 !< Number of main size subranges
164	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: maxspec = 7 !< Max. number of aerosol species
165	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: season = 1 !< For dry depostion by Zhang et al.: 1 = summer,
166	!< 2 = autumn (no harvest yet), 3 = late autumn
167	!< (already frost), 4 = winter, 5 = transitional spring
168	!
169	!-- Universal constants
170	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: abo = 1.380662E-23_wp !< Boltzmann constant (J/K)
171	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv = 2.260E+6_wp !< latent heat for H2O
172	!< vaporisation (J/kg)
173	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alv_d_rv = 4896.96865_wp !< alv / rv
174	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: am_airmol = 4.8096E-26_wp !< Average mass of one air
175	!< molecule (Jacobson,
176	!< 2005, Eq. 2.3)
177	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: api6 = 0.5235988_wp !< pi / 6
178	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas = 8.314409_wp !< Gas constant (J/(mol K))
179	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: argas_d_cpd = 8.281283865E-3_wp !< argas per cpd
180	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: avo = 6.02214E+23_wp !< Avogadro constant (1/mol)
181	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: d_sa = 5.539376964394570E-10_wp !< diameter of condensing sulphuric
182	!< acid molecule (m)
183	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: for_ppm_to_nconc = 7.243016311E+16_wp !< ppm * avo / R (K/(Pa*m3))
184	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: epsoc = 0.15_wp !< water uptake of organic
185	!< material
186	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: mclim = 1.0E-23_wp !< mass concentration min limit (kg/m3)
187	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: n3 = 158.79_wp !< Number of H2SO4 molecules in 3 nm cluster
188	!< if d_sa=5.54e-10m
189	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: nclim = 1.0_wp !< number concentration min limit (#/m3)
190	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: surfw0 = 0.073_wp !< surface tension of water at 293 K (J/m2)
191	!
192	!-- Molar masses in kg/mol
193	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: ambc = 12.0E-3_wp !< black carbon (BC)
194	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdair = 28.970E-3_wp !< dry air
195	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amdu = 100.E-3_wp !< mineral dust
196	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2o = 18.0154E-3_wp !< H2O
197	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amh2so4 = 98.06E-3_wp !< H2SO4
198	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amhno3 = 63.01E-3_wp !< HNO3
199	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amn2o = 44.013E-3_wp !< N2O
200	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amnh3 = 17.031E-3_wp !< NH3
201	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo2 = 31.9988E-3_wp !< O2
202	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amo3 = 47.998E-3_wp !< O3
203	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amoc = 150.E-3_wp !< organic carbon (OC)
204	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amss = 58.44E-3_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
205	!
206	!-- Densities in kg/m3
207	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhobc = 2000.0_wp !< black carbon
208	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhodu = 2650.0_wp !< mineral dust
209	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2o = 1000.0_wp !< H2O
210	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoh2so4 = 1830.0_wp !< SO4
211	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhohno3 = 1479.0_wp !< HNO3
212	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhonh3 = 1530.0_wp !< NH3
213	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhooc = 2000.0_wp !< organic carbon
214	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: arhoss = 2165.0_wp !< sea salt (NaCl)
215	!
216	!-- Volume of molecule in m3/#
217	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2o = amh2o /avo / arhoh2o !< H2O
218	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvh2so4 = amh2so4 / avo / arhoh2so4 !< SO4
219	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvhno3 = amhno3 / avo / arhohno3 !< HNO3
220	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvnh3 = amnh3 / avo / arhonh3 !< NH3
221	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvoc = amoc / avo / arhooc !< OC
222	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: amvss = amss / avo / arhoss !< sea salt
223	!
224	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Petroff and Zhang (2010):
225	!-- obstacle characteristic dimension "L" (cm) (plane obstacle by default) and empirical constants
226	!-- C_B, C_IN, C_IM, beta_IM and C_IT for each land use category (15, as in Zhang et al. (2001))
227	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: l_p10 = &
228	(/0.15, 4.0, 0.15, 3.0, 3.0, 0.5, 3.0, -99., 0.5, 2.0, 1.0, -99., -99., -99., 3.0/)
229	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_b_p10 = &
230	(/0.887, 1.262, 0.887, 1.262, 1.262, 0.996, 0.996, -99., 0.7, 0.93, 0.996, -99., -99., -99., 1.262/)
231	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_in_p10 = &
232	(/0.81, 0.216, 0.81, 0.216, 0.216, 0.191, 0.162, -99., 0.7, 0.14, 0.162, -99., -99., -99., 0.216/)
233	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_im_p10 = &
234	(/0.162, 0.13, 0.162, 0.13, 0.13, 0.191, 0.081, -99., 0.191, 0.086, 0.081, -99., -99., -99., 0.13/)
235	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: beta_im_p10 = &
236	(/0.6, 0.47, 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, 0.47, -99., 0.6, 0.47, 0.47, -99., -99., -99., 0.47/)
237	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: c_it_p10 = &
238	(/0.0, 0.056, 0.0, 0.056, 0.056, 0.042, 0.056, -99., 0.042, 0.014, 0.056, -99., -99., -99., 0.056/)
239	!
240	!-- Constants for the dry deposition model by Zhang et al. (2001):
241	!-- empirical constants "alpha" and "gamma" and characteristic radius "A" for
242	!-- each land use category (15) and season (5)
243	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: alpha_z01 = &
244	(/1.0, 0.6, 1.1, 0.8, 0.8, 1.2, 1.2, 50.0, 50.0, 1.3, 2.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0, 1.5/)
245	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15), PARAMETER :: gamma_z01 = &
246	(/0.56, 0.58, 0.56, 0.56, 0.56, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.54, 0.50, 0.50, 0.56/)
247	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:15,1:5), PARAMETER :: A_z01 = RESHAPE( (/&
248	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC1
249	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC2
250	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC3
251	2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0,& ! SC4
252	2.0, 5.0, 2.0, 5.0, 5.0, 2.0, 2.0, -99., -99., 10.0, 10.0, -99., -99., -99., 10.0 & ! SC5
253	/), (/ 15, 5 /) )
254	!-- Land use categories (based on Z01 but the same applies here also for P10):
255	!-- 1 = evergreen needleleaf trees,
256	!-- 2 = evergreen broadleaf trees,
257	!-- 3 = deciduous needleleaf trees,
258	!-- 4 = deciduous broadleaf trees,
259	!-- 5 = mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees (deciduous broadleaf trees for P10),
260	!-- 6 = grass (short grass for P10),
261	!-- 7 = crops, mixed farming,
262	!-- 8 = desert,
263	!-- 9 = tundra,
264	!-- 10 = shrubs and interrupted woodlands (thorn shrubs for P10),
265	!-- 11 = wetland with plants (long grass for P10)
266	!-- 12 = ice cap and glacier,
267	!-- 13 = inland water (inland lake for P10)
268	!-- 14 = ocean (water for P10),
269	!-- 15 = urban
270	!
271	!-- SALSA variables:
272	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_b = 'neumann' !< bottom boundary condition
273	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: bc_salsa_t = 'neumann' !< top boundary condition
274	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
275	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_pcm_type = 'deciduous_broadleaf' !< leaf type
276	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: depo_surf_par = 'zhang2001' !< or 'petroff2010'
277	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_dynamic = 'PIDS_DYNAMIC' !< file name for dynamic input
278	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: input_file_salsa = 'PIDS_SALSA' !< file name for emission data
279	CHARACTER(LEN=20) :: salsa_emission_mode = 'no_emission' !< 'no_emission', 'uniform',
280	!< 'parameterized', 'read_from_file'
281
282	CHARACTER(LEN=20), DIMENSION(4) :: decycle_method = &
283	(/'dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet','dirichlet'/)
284	!< Decycling method at horizontal boundaries
285	!< 1=left, 2=right, 3=south, 4=north
286	!< dirichlet = initial profiles for the ghost and first 3 layers
287	!< neumann = zero gradient
288
289	CHARACTER(LEN=3), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: listspec = & !< Active aerosols
290	(/'SO4',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '/)
291
292	INTEGER(iwp) :: depo_pcm_type_num = 0 !< index for the dry deposition type on the plant canopy
293	INTEGER(iwp) :: dots_salsa = 0 !< starting index for salsa-timeseries
294	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_1a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 1a
295	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2a = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2a
296	INTEGER(iwp) :: end_subrange_2b = 1 !< last index for bin subrange 2b
297	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_b !< index for the bottom boundary condition
298	INTEGER(iwp) :: ibc_salsa_t !< index for the top boundary condition
299	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_bc = -1 !< index for black carbon (BC)
300	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_du = -1 !< index for dust
301	INTEGER(iwp) :: igctyp = 0 !< Initial gas concentration type
302	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
303	!< 1 = read vertical profile from an input file
304	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_nh = -1 !< index for NH3
305	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_no = -1 !< index for HNO3
306	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_oc = -1 !< index for organic carbon (OC)
307	INTEGER(iwp) :: isdtyp = 0 !< Initial size distribution type
308	!< 0 = uniform (read from PARIN)
309	!< 1 = read vertical profile of the mode number
310	!< concentration from an input file
311	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_so4 = -1 !< index for SO4 or H2SO4
312	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_ss = -1 !< index for sea salt
313	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_gas_emissions = 0 !< level of detail of the gaseous emission data
314	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins_aerosol = 1 !< total number of size bins
315	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 1 !< number of chemical components used
316	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncomponents_mass = 1 !< total number of chemical compounds (ncc+1)
317	!< if particle water is advected)
318	INTEGER(iwp) :: nj3 = 1 !< J3 parametrization (nucleation)
319	!< 1 = condensational sink (Kerminen&Kulmala, 2002)
320	!< 2 = coagulational sink (Lehtinen et al. 2007)
321	!< 3 = coagS+self-coagulation (Anttila et al. 2010)
322	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsnucl = 0 !< Choice of the nucleation scheme:
323	!< 0 = off
324	!< 1 = binary nucleation
325	!< 2 = activation type nucleation
326	!< 3 = kinetic nucleation
327	!< 4 = ternary nucleation
328	!< 5 = nucleation with ORGANICs
329	!< 6 = activation type of nucleation with H2SO4+ORG
330	!< 7 = heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
331	!< 8 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4
332	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
333	!< 9 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and ORG
334	!< + heteromolecular nucleation with H2SO4*ORG
335	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_1a = 1 !< start index for bin subranges: subrange 1a
336	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2a = 1 !< subrange 2a
337	INTEGER(iwp) :: start_subrange_2b = 1 !< subrange 2b
338
339	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nreg) :: nbin = (/ 3, 7/) !< Number of size bins per subrange: 1 & 2
340
341	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: gas_index_chem = &
342	(/ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1/) !< gas indices in chemistry_model_mod
343	!< 1 = H2SO4, 2 = HNO3, 3 = NH3, 4 = OCNV, 5 = OCSV
344	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(ngases_salsa) :: emission_index_chem !< gas indices in the gas emission file
345
346	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_topo_top !< vertical index of the topography top
347	!
348	!-- SALSA switches:
349	LOGICAL :: advect_particle_water = .TRUE. !< advect water concentration of particles
350	LOGICAL :: decycle_lr = .FALSE. !< Undo cyclic boundary conditions: left and right
351	LOGICAL :: decycle_ns = .FALSE. !< north and south boundaries
352	LOGICAL :: feedback_to_palm = .FALSE. !< allow feedback due to condensation of H2O
353	LOGICAL :: nest_salsa = .FALSE. !< apply nesting for salsa
354	LOGICAL :: no_insoluble = .FALSE. !< Switch to exclude insoluble chemical components
355	LOGICAL :: read_restart_data_salsa = .FALSE. !< read restart data for salsa
356	LOGICAL :: salsa_gases_from_chem = .FALSE. !< Transfer the gaseous components to SALSA from
357	!< from chemistry model
358	LOGICAL :: van_der_waals_coagc = .FALSE. !< Enhancement of coagulation kernel by van der
359	!< Waals and viscous forces
360	LOGICAL :: write_binary_salsa = .FALSE. !< read binary for salsa
361	!
362	!-- Process switches: nl* is read from the NAMELIST and is NOT changed.
363	!-- ls* is the switch used and will get the value of nl*
364	!-- except for special circumstances (spinup period etc.)
365	LOGICAL :: nlcoag = .FALSE. !< Coagulation master switch
366	LOGICAL :: lscoag = .FALSE. !<
367	LOGICAL :: nlcnd = .FALSE. !< Condensation master switch
368	LOGICAL :: lscnd = .FALSE. !<
369	LOGICAL :: nlcndgas = .FALSE. !< Condensation of precursor gases
370	LOGICAL :: lscndgas = .FALSE. !<
371	LOGICAL :: nlcndh2oae = .FALSE. !< Condensation of H2O on aerosol
372	LOGICAL :: lscndh2oae = .FALSE. !< particles (FALSE -> equilibrium calc.)
373	LOGICAL :: nldepo = .FALSE. !< Deposition master switch
374	LOGICAL :: lsdepo = .FALSE. !<
375	LOGICAL :: nldepo_surf = .FALSE. !< Deposition on vegetation master switch
376	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_surf = .FALSE. !<
377	LOGICAL :: nldepo_pcm = .FALSE. !< Deposition on walls master switch
378	LOGICAL :: lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE. !<
379	LOGICAL :: nldistupdate = .TRUE. !< Size distribution update master switch
380	LOGICAL :: lsdistupdate = .FALSE. !<
381	LOGICAL :: lspartition = .FALSE. !< Partition of HNO3 and NH3
382
383	REAL(wp) :: act_coeff = 1.0E-7_wp !< Activation coefficient
384	REAL(wp) :: dt_salsa = 0.00001_wp !< Time step of SALSA
385	REAL(wp) :: h2so4_init = nclim !< Init value for sulphuric acid gas
386	REAL(wp) :: hno3_init = nclim !< Init value for nitric acid gas
387	REAL(wp) :: last_salsa_time = 0.0_wp !< previous salsa call
388	REAL(wp) :: next_aero_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
389	REAL(wp) :: next_gas_emission_update = 0.0_wp !< previous emission update
390	REAL(wp) :: nf2a = 1.0_wp !< Number fraction allocated to 2a-bins
391	REAL(wp) :: nh3_init = nclim !< Init value for ammonia gas
392	REAL(wp) :: ocnv_init = nclim !< Init value for non-volatile organic gases
393	REAL(wp) :: ocsv_init = nclim !< Init value for semi-volatile organic gases
394	REAL(wp) :: rhlim = 1.20_wp !< RH limit in %/100. Prevents unrealistical RH
395	REAL(wp) :: skip_time_do_salsa = 0.0_wp !< Starting time of SALSA (s)
396	!
397	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres),
398	!-- standard deviation (sigmag) and concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3)
399	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: dpg = &
400	(/0.013_wp, 0.054_wp, 0.86_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp/)
401	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: sigmag = &
402	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
403	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: n_lognorm = &
404	(/1.04e+11_wp, 3.23E+10_wp, 5.4E+6_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
405	!
406	!-- Initial mass fractions / chemical composition of the size distribution
407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_a = & !< mass fractions between
408	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for A bins
409	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: mass_fracs_b = & !< mass fractions between
410	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/) !< aerosol species for B bins
411	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nreg+1) :: reglim = & !< Min&max diameters of size subranges
412	(/ 3.0E-9_wp, 5.0E-8_wp, 1.0E-5_wp/)
413	!
414	!-- Initial log-normal size distribution: mode diameter (dpg, metres), standard deviation (sigmag)
415	!-- concentration (n_lognorm, #/m3) and mass fractions of all chemical components (listed in
416	!-- listspec) for both a (soluble) and b (insoluble) bins.
417	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_dpg = &
418	(/0.013_wp, 0.054_wp, 0.86_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp, 0.2_wp/)
419	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: aerosol_flux_sigmag = &
420	(/1.8_wp, 2.16_wp, 2.21_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp, 2.0_wp/)
421	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nmod) :: surface_aerosol_flux = &
422	(/1.04e+11_wp, 3.23E+10_wp, 5.4E+6_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp/)
423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a = &
424	(/1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
425	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b = &
426	(/0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0/)
427
428	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bin_low_limits !< to deliver information about
429	!< the lower diameters per bin
430	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_am_t_val !< vertical gradient of: aerosol mass
431	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_an_t_val !< of: aerosol number
432	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bc_gt_t_val !< salsa gases near domain top
433	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: gas_emission_time !< Time array in gas emission data (s)
434	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsect !< Background number concentrations
435	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: massacc !< Mass accomodation coefficients
436	!
437	!-- SALSA derived datatypes:
438	!
439	!-- For matching LSM and the deposition module surface types
440	TYPE match_lsm_depo
441	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: match
442	END TYPE match_lsm_depo
443	!
444	!-- Aerosol emission data attributes
445	TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
446
447	CHARACTER(LEN=25) :: units
448
449	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_name !<
450	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !<
451	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: unit_time !<
452	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !<
453
454	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod = 0 !< level of detail
455	INTEGER(iwp) :: nbins = 10 !< number of aerosol size bins
456	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncat = 0 !< number of emission categories
457	INTEGER(iwp) :: ncc = 7 !< number of aerosol chemical components
458	INTEGER(iwp) :: nhoursyear = 0 !< number of hours: HOURLY mode
459	INTEGER(iwp) :: nmonthdayhour = 0 !< number of month days and hours: MDH mode
460	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_vars !< number of variables
461	INTEGER(iwp) :: nt = 0 !< number of time steps
462	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz = 0 !< number of vertical levels
463	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind !< time index for reference time in salsa emission data
464
465	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_input_to_model !<
466
467	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cat_index !< Index of emission categories
468	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_index !< Index of chemical components
469
470	REAL(wp) :: conversion_factor !< unit conversion factor for aerosol emissions
471
472	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: dmid !< mean diameters of size bins (m)
473	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: rho !< average density (kg/m3)
474	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time !< time (s)
475	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time_factor !< emission time factor
476	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: z !< height (m)
477
478	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: etf !< emission time factor
479	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: stack_height
480
481	END TYPE salsa_emission_attribute_type
482	!
483	!-- The default size distribution and mass composition per emission category:
484	!-- 1 = traffic, 2 = road dust, 3 = wood combustion, 4 = other
485	!-- Mass fractions: H2SO4, OC, BC, DU, SS, HNO3, NH3
486	TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
487
488	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndm = 3 !< number of default modes
489	INTEGER(iwp) :: ndc = 4 !< number of default categories
490
491	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_name_table = (/'traffic exhaust', &
492	'road dust ', &
493	'wood combustion', &
494	'other '/)
495
496	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1:4) :: cat_input_to_model !<
497
498	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: dpg_table = (/ 13.5E-9_wp, 1.4E-6_wp, 5.4E-8_wp/) !<
499	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ntot_table !<
500	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: sigmag_table = (/ 1.6_wp, 1.4_wp, 1.7_wp /) !<
501
502	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:maxspec,1:4) :: mass_frac_table = & !<
503	RESHAPE( (/ 0.04_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.48_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
504	0.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.95_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
505	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
506	0.0_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp &
507	/), (/maxspec,4/) )
508
509	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3,1:4) :: pm_frac_table = & !< rel. mass
510	RESHAPE( (/ 0.016_wp, 0.000_wp, 0.984_wp, &
511	0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, &
512	0.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp, &
513	1.000_wp, 0.000_wp, 1.000_wp &
514	/), (/3,4/) )
515
516	END TYPE salsa_emission_mode_type
517	!
518	!-- Aerosol emission data values
519	TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
520
521	REAL(wp) :: fill !< fill value
522
523	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_mass_fracs !< mass fractions
524
525	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_mass_fracs !< mass fractions per emis. category
526
527	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: def_data !< surface emission values in PM
528	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: preproc_data !< surface emission values per bin
529
530	END TYPE salsa_emission_value_type
531	!
532	!-- Prognostic variable: Aerosol size bin information (number (#/m3) and mass (kg/m3) concentration)
533	!-- and the concentration of gaseous tracers (#/m3). Gas tracers are contained sequentially in
534	!-- dimension 4 as:
535	!-- 1. H2SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV (non-volatile organics), 5. OCSV (semi-volatile)
536	TYPE salsa_variable
537
538	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: init !<
539
540	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: diss_s !<
541	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: flux_s !<
542	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: source !<
543	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: sums_ws_l !<
544
545	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: diss_l !<
546	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:) :: flux_l !<
547
548	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: conc !<
549	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: conc_p !<
550	REAL(wp), POINTER, DIMENSION(:,:,:), CONTIGUOUS :: tconc_m !<
551
552	END TYPE salsa_variable
553	!
554	!-- Datatype used to store information about the binned size distributions of aerosols
555	TYPE t_section
556
557	REAL(wp) :: dmid !< bin middle diameter (m)
558	REAL(wp) :: vhilim !< bin volume at the high limit
559	REAL(wp) :: vlolim !< bin volume at the low limit
560	REAL(wp) :: vratiohi !< volume ratio between the center and high limit
561	REAL(wp) :: vratiolo !< volume ratio between the center and low limit
562	!******************************************************
563	! ^ Do NOT change the stuff above after initialization !
564	!******************************************************
565	REAL(wp) :: core !< Volume of dry particle
566	REAL(wp) :: dwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter (m)
567	REAL(wp) :: numc !< Number concentration of particles/droplets (#/m3)
568	REAL(wp) :: veqh2o !< Equilibrium H2O concentration for each particle
569
570	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec+1) :: volc !< Volume concentrations (m^3/m^3) of aerosols +
571	!< water. Since most of the stuff in SALSA is hard
572	!< coded, these have to be in the order
573	!< 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
574	END TYPE t_section
575
576	TYPE(salsa_emission_attribute_type) :: aero_emission_att !< emission attributes
577	TYPE(salsa_emission_value_type) :: aero_emission !< emission values
578	TYPE(salsa_emission_mode_type) :: def_modes !< default emission modes
579
580	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: aero !< local aerosol properties
581
582	TYPE(match_lsm_depo) :: lsm_to_depo_h
583
584	TYPE(match_lsm_depo), DIMENSION(0:3) :: lsm_to_depo_v
585	!
586	!-- SALSA variables: as x = x(k,j,i,bin).
587	!-- The 4th dimension contains all the size bins sequentially for each aerosol species + water.
588	!
589	!-- Prognostic variables:
590	!
591	!-- Number concentration (#/m3)
592	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: aerosol_number !<
593	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_1 !<
594	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_2 !<
595	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nconc_3 !<
596	!
597	!-- Mass concentration (kg/m3)
598	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: aerosol_mass !<
599	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_1 !<
600	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_2 !<
601	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mconc_3 !<
602	!
603	!-- Gaseous concentrations (#/m3)
604	TYPE(salsa_variable), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:), TARGET :: salsa_gas !<
605	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_1 !<
606	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_2 !<
607	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: gconc_3 !<
608	!
609	!-- Diagnostic tracers
610	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:) :: sedim_vd !< sedimentation velocity per bin (m/s)
611	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:) :: ra_dry !< aerosol dry radius (m)
612
613	!-- Particle component index tables
614	TYPE(component_index) :: prtcl !< Contains "getIndex" which gives the index for a given aerosol
615	!< component name: 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
616	!
617	!-- Data output arrays:
618	!
619	!-- Gases:
620	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_h2so4_av !< H2SO4
621	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_hno3_av !< HNO3
622	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_nh3_av !< NH3
623	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_ocnv_av !< non-volatile OC
624	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: g_ocsv_av !< semi-volatile OC
625	!
626	!-- Integrated:
627	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: ldsa_av !< lung-deposited surface area
628	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: ntot_av !< total number concentration
629	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: pm25_av !< PM2.5
630	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: pm10_av !< PM10
631	!
632	!-- In the particle phase:
633	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_bc_av !< black carbon
634	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_du_av !< dust
635	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_h2o_av !< liquid water
636	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_nh_av !< ammonia
637	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_no_av !< nitrates
638	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_oc_av !< org. carbon
639	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_so4_av !< sulphates
640	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:), TARGET :: s_ss_av !< sea salt
641	!
642	!-- Bin specific mass and number concentrations:
643	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: mbins_av !< bin mas
644	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), TARGET :: nbins_av !< bin number
645
646	!
647	!-- PALM interfaces:
648	!
649	!-- Boundary conditions:
650	INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
651	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds
652	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_boundary_conds_decycle
653	END INTERFACE salsa_boundary_conds
654	!
655	!-- Data output checks for 2D/3D data to be done in check_parameters
656	INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
657	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_data_output
658	END INTERFACE salsa_check_data_output
659	!
660	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
661	INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
662	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_check_parameters
663	END INTERFACE salsa_check_parameters
664	!
665	!-- Averaging of 3D data for output
666	INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
667	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_3d_data_averaging
668	END INTERFACE salsa_3d_data_averaging
669	!
670	!-- Data output of 2D quantities
671	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
672	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_2d
673	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_2d
674	!
675	!-- Data output of 3D data
676	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
677	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_3d
678	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_3d
679	!
680	!-- Data output of 3D data
681	INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
682	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_data_output_mask
683	END INTERFACE salsa_data_output_mask
684	!
685	!-- Definition of data output quantities
686	INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
687	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
688	END INTERFACE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
689	!
690	!-- Output of information to the header file
691	INTERFACE salsa_header
692	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_header
693	END INTERFACE salsa_header
694	!
695	!-- Initialization actions
696	INTERFACE salsa_init
697	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init
698	END INTERFACE salsa_init
699	!
700	!-- Initialization of arrays
701	INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
702	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_init_arrays
703	END INTERFACE salsa_init_arrays
704	!
705	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs !!! renaming?!
706	INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
707	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_wrd_local
708	END INTERFACE salsa_wrd_local
709	!
710	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
711	INTERFACE salsa_parin
712	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_parin
713	END INTERFACE salsa_parin
714	!
715	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
716	INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
717	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_rrd_local
718	END INTERFACE salsa_rrd_local
719	!
720	!-- Swapping of time levels (required for prognostic variables)
721	INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
722	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_swap_timelevel
723	END INTERFACE salsa_swap_timelevel
724	!
725	!-- Interface between PALM and salsa
726	INTERFACE salsa_driver
727	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_driver
728	END INTERFACE salsa_driver
729	!
730	!-- Prognostics equations for salsa variables
731	INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
732	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations
733	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_prognostic_equations_ij
734	END INTERFACE salsa_prognostic_equations
735	!
736	!-- Tendency salsa variables
737	INTERFACE salsa_tendency
738	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency
739	MODULE PROCEDURE salsa_tendency_ij
740	END INTERFACE salsa_tendency
741
742
743	SAVE
744
745	PRIVATE
746	!
747	!-- Public functions:
748	PUBLIC salsa_boundary_conds, salsa_check_data_output, salsa_check_parameters, &
749	salsa_3d_data_averaging, salsa_data_output_2d, salsa_data_output_3d, &
750	salsa_data_output_mask, salsa_define_netcdf_grid, salsa_diagnostics, salsa_driver, &
751	salsa_emission_update, salsa_header, salsa_init, salsa_init_arrays, salsa_parin, &
752	salsa_rrd_local, salsa_swap_timelevel, salsa_prognostic_equations, salsa_wrd_local
753	!
754	!-- Public parameters, constants and initial values
755	PUBLIC bc_am_t_val, bc_an_t_val, bc_gt_t_val, dots_salsa, dt_salsa, &
756	ibc_salsa_b, last_salsa_time, lsdepo, nest_salsa, salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem, &
757	skip_time_do_salsa
758	!
759	!-- Public prognostic variables
760	PUBLIC aerosol_mass, aerosol_number, gconc_2, mconc_2, nbins_aerosol, ncc, ncomponents_mass, &
761	nclim, nconc_2, ngases_salsa, prtcl, ra_dry, salsa_gas, sedim_vd
762
763
764	CONTAINS
765
766	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
767	! Description:
768	! ------------
769	!> Parin for &salsa_par for new modules
770	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
771	SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
772
773	IMPLICIT NONE
774
775	CHARACTER(LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line
776	!< of the parameter file
777
778	NAMELIST /salsa_parameters/ aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a, &
779	aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_b, aerosol_flux_sigmag, &
780	advect_particle_water, bc_salsa_b, bc_salsa_t, decycle_lr, &
781	decycle_method, decycle_ns, depo_pcm_par, depo_pcm_type, &
782	depo_surf_par, dpg, dt_salsa, feedback_to_palm, h2so4_init, &
783	hno3_init, igctyp, isdtyp, listspec, mass_fracs_a, &
784	mass_fracs_b, n_lognorm, nbin, nest_salsa, nf2a, nh3_init, &
785	nj3, nlcnd, nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae, nlcoag, nldepo, nldepo_pcm, &
786	nldepo_surf, nldistupdate, nsnucl, ocnv_init, ocsv_init, &
787	read_restart_data_salsa, reglim, salsa, salsa_emission_mode, &
788	sigmag, skip_time_do_salsa, surface_aerosol_flux, &
789	van_der_waals_coagc, write_binary_salsa
790
791	line = ' '
792	!
793	!-- Try to find salsa package
794	REWIND ( 11 )
795	line = ' '
796	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&salsa_parameters' ) == 0 )
797	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
798	ENDDO
799	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
800	!
801	!-- Read user-defined namelist
802	READ ( 11, salsa_parameters )
803	!
804	!-- Enable salsa (salsa switch in modules.f90)
805	salsa = .TRUE.
806
807	10 CONTINUE
808
809	END SUBROUTINE salsa_parin
810
811	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
812	! Description:
813	! ------------
814	!> Check parameters routine for salsa.
815	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
816	SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
817
818	USE control_parameters, &
819	ONLY: message_string
820
821	IMPLICIT NONE
822
823	!
824	!-- Checks go here (cf. check_parameters.f90).
825	IF ( salsa .AND. .NOT. humidity ) THEN
826	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'salsa = ', salsa, ' is not allowed with humidity = ', humidity
827	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0594', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
828	ENDIF
829
830	IF ( bc_salsa_b == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
831	ibc_salsa_b = 0
832	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_b == 'neumann' ) THEN
833	ibc_salsa_b = 1
834	ELSE
835	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_b = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
836	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0595', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
837	ENDIF
838
839	IF ( bc_salsa_t == 'dirichlet' ) THEN
840	ibc_salsa_t = 0
841	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'neumann' ) THEN
842	ibc_salsa_t = 1
843	ELSEIF ( bc_salsa_t == 'nested' ) THEN
844	ibc_salsa_t = 2
845	ELSE
846	message_string = 'unknown boundary condition: bc_salsa_t = "' // TRIM( bc_salsa_t ) // '"'
847	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0596', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
848	ENDIF
849
850	IF ( nj3 < 1 .OR. nj3 > 3 ) THEN
851	message_string = 'unknown nj3 (must be 1-3)'
852	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters', 'PA0597', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
853	ENDIF
854
855	IF ( salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' .AND. ibc_salsa_b == 0 ) THEN
856	message_string = 'salsa_emission_mode == read_from_file requires bc_salsa_b = "Neumann"'
857	CALL message( 'salsa_check_parameters','PA0598', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
858	ENDIF
859
860	END SUBROUTINE salsa_check_parameters
861
862	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
863	!
864	! Description:
865	! ------------
866	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
867	!> It is called out from subroutine netcdf.
868	!> Same grid as for other scalars (see netcdf_interface_mod.f90)
869	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
870	SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
871
872	IMPLICIT NONE
873
874	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !<
875	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !<
876	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !<
877	CHARACTER(LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !<
878
879	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
880
881	found = .TRUE.
882	!
883	!-- Check for the grid
884
885	IF ( var(1:2) == 'g_' ) THEN
886	grid_x = 'x'
887	grid_y = 'y'
888	grid_z = 'zu'
889	ELSEIF ( var(1:4) == 'LDSA' ) THEN
890	grid_x = 'x'
891	grid_y = 'y'
892	grid_z = 'zu'
893	ELSEIF ( var(1:5) == 'm_bin' ) THEN
894	grid_x = 'x'
895	grid_y = 'y'
896	grid_z = 'zu'
897	ELSEIF ( var(1:5) == 'N_bin' ) THEN
898	grid_x = 'x'
899	grid_y = 'y'
900	grid_z = 'zu'
901	ELSEIF ( var(1:4) == 'Ntot' ) THEN
902	grid_x = 'x'
903	grid_y = 'y'
904	grid_z = 'zu'
905	ELSEIF ( var(1:2) == 'PM' ) THEN
906	grid_x = 'x'
907	grid_y = 'y'
908	grid_z = 'zu'
909	ELSEIF ( var(1:2) == 's_' ) THEN
910	grid_x = 'x'
911	grid_y = 'y'
912	grid_z = 'zu'
913	ELSE
914	found = .FALSE.
915	grid_x = 'none'
916	grid_y = 'none'
917	grid_z = 'none'
918	ENDIF
919
920	END SUBROUTINE salsa_define_netcdf_grid
921
922	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
923	! Description:
924	! ------------
925	!> Header output for new module
926	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
927	SUBROUTINE salsa_header( io )
928
929	IMPLICIT NONE
930
931	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
932	!
933	!-- Write SALSA header
934	WRITE( io, 1 )
935	WRITE( io, 2 ) skip_time_do_salsa
936	WRITE( io, 3 ) dt_salsa
937	WRITE( io, 4 ) SHAPE( aerosol_number(1)%conc ), nbins_aerosol
938	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
939	WRITE( io, 5 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol, &
940	advect_particle_water
941	ELSE
942	WRITE( io, 5 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ncc*nbins_aerosol, advect_particle_water
943	ENDIF
944	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
945	WRITE( io, 6 ) SHAPE( aerosol_mass(1)%conc ), ngases_salsa, salsa_gases_from_chem
946	ENDIF
947	WRITE( io, 7 )
948	IF ( nsnucl > 0 ) THEN
949	WRITE( io, 8 ) nsnucl, nj3
950	ENDIF
951	IF ( nlcoag ) THEN
952	WRITE( io, 9 )
953	ENDIF
954	IF ( nlcnd ) THEN
955	WRITE( io, 10 ) nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae
956	ENDIF
957	IF ( lspartition ) THEN
958	WRITE( io, 11 )
959	ENDIF
960	IF ( nldepo ) THEN
961	WRITE( io, 12 ) nldepo_pcm, nldepo_surf
962	ENDIF
963	WRITE( io, 13 ) reglim, nbin, bin_low_limits
964	IF ( isdtyp == 0 ) WRITE( io, 14 ) nsect
965	WRITE( io, 15 ) ncc, listspec, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
966	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
967	WRITE( io, 16 ) ngases_salsa, h2so4_init, hno3_init, nh3_init, ocnv_init, ocsv_init
968	ENDIF
969	WRITE( io, 17 ) isdtyp, igctyp
970	IF ( isdtyp == 0 ) THEN
971	WRITE( io, 18 ) dpg, sigmag, n_lognorm
972	ELSE
973	WRITE( io, 19 )
974	ENDIF
975	IF ( nest_salsa ) WRITE( io, 20 ) nest_salsa
976	WRITE( io, 21 ) salsa_emission_mode
977
978
979	1 FORMAT (//' SALSA information:'/ &
980	' ------------------------------'/)
981	2 FORMAT (' Starts at: skip_time_do_salsa = ', F10.2, ' s')
982	3 FORMAT (/' Timestep: dt_salsa = ', F6.2, ' s')
983	4 FORMAT (/' Array shape (z,y,x,bins):'/ &
984	' aerosol_number: ', 4(I3))
985	5 FORMAT (/' aerosol_mass: ', 4(I3),/ &
986	' (advect_particle_water = ', L1, ')')
987	6 FORMAT (' salsa_gas: ', 4(I3),/ &
988	' (salsa_gases_from_chem = ', L1, ')')
989	7 FORMAT (/' Aerosol dynamic processes included: ')
990	8 FORMAT (/' nucleation (scheme = ', I1, ' and J3 parametrization = ', I1, ')')
991	9 FORMAT (/' coagulation')
992	10 FORMAT (/' condensation (of precursor gases = ', L1, ' and water vapour = ', L1, ')' )
993	11 FORMAT (/' dissolutional growth by HNO3 and NH3')
994	12 FORMAT (/' dry deposition (on vegetation = ', L1, ' and on topography = ', L1, ')')
995	13 FORMAT (/' Aerosol bin subrange limits (in metres): ', 3(ES10.2E3), / &
996	' Number of size bins for each aerosol subrange: ', 2I3,/ &
997	' Aerosol bin limits (in metres): ', 9(ES10.2E3))
998	14 FORMAT (' Initial number concentration in bins at the lowest level (#/m**3):', 9(ES10.2E3))
999	15 FORMAT (/' Number of chemical components used: ', I1,/ &
1000	' Species: ',7(A6),/ &
1001	' Initial relative contribution of each species to particle volume in:',/ &
1002	' a-bins: ', 7(F6.3),/ &
1003	' b-bins: ', 7(F6.3))
1004	16 FORMAT (/' Number of gaseous tracers used: ', I1,/ &
1005	' Initial gas concentrations:',/ &
1006	' H2SO4: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1007	' HNO3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1008	' NH3: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1009	' OCNV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3',/ &
1010	' OCSV: ',ES12.4E3, ' #/m**3')
1011	17 FORMAT (/' Initialising concentrations: ', / &
1012	' Aerosol size distribution: isdtyp = ', I1,/ &
1013	' Gas concentrations: igctyp = ', I1 )
1014	18 FORMAT ( ' Mode diametres: dpg(nmod) = ', 7(F7.3), ' (m)', / &
1015	' Standard deviation: sigmag(nmod) = ', 7(F7.2),/ &
1016	' Number concentration: n_lognorm(nmod) = ', 7(ES12.4E3), ' (#/m3)' )
1017	19 FORMAT (/' Size distribution read from a file.')
1018	20 FORMAT (/' Nesting for salsa variables: ', L1 )
1019	21 FORMAT (/' Emissions: salsa_emission_mode = ', A )
1020
1021	END SUBROUTINE salsa_header
1022
1023	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1024	! Description:
1025	! ------------
1026	!> Allocate SALSA arrays and define pointers if required
1027	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1028	SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1029
1030	USE chem_gasphase_mod, &
1031	ONLY: nvar
1032
1033	USE surface_mod, &
1034	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
1035
1036	IMPLICIT NONE
1037
1038	INTEGER(iwp) :: gases_available !< Number of available gas components in the chemistry model
1039	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index for allocating
1040	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for allocating: surfaces
1041	INTEGER(iwp) :: lsp !< loop index for chem species in the chemistry model
1042
1043	gases_available = 0
1044	!
1045	!-- Allocate prognostic variables (see salsa_swap_timelevel)
1046	!
1047	!-- Set derived indices:
1048	!-- (This does the same as the subroutine salsa_initialize in SALSA/UCLALES-SALSA)
1049	start_subrange_1a = 1 ! 1st index of subrange 1a
1050	start_subrange_2a = start_subrange_1a + nbin(1) ! 1st index of subrange 2a
1051	end_subrange_1a = start_subrange_2a - 1 ! last index of subrange 1a
1052	end_subrange_2a = end_subrange_1a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2a
1053
1054	!
1055	!-- If the fraction of insoluble aerosols in subrange 2 is zero: do not allocate arrays for them
1056	IF ( nf2a > 0.999999_wp .AND. SUM( mass_fracs_b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1057	no_insoluble = .TRUE.
1058	start_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a+1 ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1059	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a ! last index of subrange 2b
1060	ELSE
1061	start_subrange_2b = start_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! 1st index of subrange 2b
1062	end_subrange_2b = end_subrange_2a + nbin(2) ! last index of subrange 2b
1063	ENDIF
1064
1065	nbins_aerosol = end_subrange_2b ! total number of aerosol size bins
1066	!
1067	!-- Create index tables for different aerosol components
1068	CALL component_index_constructor( prtcl, ncc, maxspec, listspec )
1069
1070	ncomponents_mass = ncc
1071	IF ( advect_particle_water ) ncomponents_mass = ncc + 1 ! Add water
1072
1073	!
1074	!-- Allocate:
1075	ALLOCATE( aero(nbins_aerosol), bc_am_t_val(nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass), &
1076	bc_an_t_val(ngases_salsa), bc_gt_t_val(nbins_aerosol), bin_low_limits(nbins_aerosol),&
1077	nsect(nbins_aerosol), massacc(nbins_aerosol) )
1078	ALLOCATE( k_topo_top(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1079	IF ( nldepo ) ALLOCATE( sedim_vd(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1080	ALLOCATE( ra_dry(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1081
1082	!
1083	!-- Aerosol number concentration
1084	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(nbins_aerosol) )
1085	ALLOCATE( nconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1086	nconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol), &
1087	nconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nbins_aerosol) )
1088	nconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1089	nconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1090	nconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1091
1092	DO i = 1, nbins_aerosol
1093	aerosol_number(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1094	aerosol_number(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1095	aerosol_number(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1096	ALLOCATE( aerosol_number(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1097	aerosol_number(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1098	aerosol_number(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1099	aerosol_number(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1100	aerosol_number(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1101	aerosol_number(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1102	ENDDO
1103
1104	!
1105	!-- Aerosol mass concentration
1106	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1107	ALLOCATE( mconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1108	mconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol), &
1109	mconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol) )
1110	mconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1111	mconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1112	mconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1113
1114	DO i = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1115	aerosol_mass(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1116	aerosol_mass(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1117	aerosol_mass(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1118	ALLOCATE( aerosol_mass(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1119	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1120	aerosol_mass(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1121	aerosol_mass(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1122	aerosol_mass(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1123	aerosol_mass(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1124	ENDDO
1125
1126	!
1127	!-- Surface fluxes: answs = aerosol number, amsws = aerosol mass
1128	!
1129	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1130	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1131	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1132	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1133	surf_def_h(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1134	surf_def_h(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1135	ENDDO
1136	!
1137	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1138	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%answs( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1139	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1140	surf_lsm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1141	surf_lsm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1142	!
1143	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1144	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%answs( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1145	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%amsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1146	surf_usm_h%answs = 0.0_wp
1147	surf_usm_h%amsws = 0.0_wp
1148
1149	!
1150	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and westward (l=3) facing
1151	DO l = 0, 3
1152	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1153	surf_def_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1154	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1155	surf_def_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1156
1157	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1158	surf_lsm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1159	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1160	surf_lsm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1161
1162	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%answs( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol ) )
1163	surf_usm_v(l)%answs = 0.0_wp
1164	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%amsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, nbins_aerosol*ncomponents_mass ) )
1165	surf_usm_v(l)%amsws = 0.0_wp
1166
1167	ENDDO
1168
1169	!
1170	!-- Concentration of gaseous tracers (1. SO4, 2. HNO3, 3. NH3, 4. OCNV, 5. OCSV)
1171	!-- (number concentration (#/m3) )
1172	!
1173	!-- If chemistry is on, read gas phase concentrations from there. Otherwise,
1174	!-- allocate salsa_gas array.
1175
1176	IF ( air_chemistry ) THEN
1177	DO lsp = 1, nvar
1178	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( chem_species(lsp)%name ) )
1179	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'h2so4' )
1180	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1181	gas_index_chem(1) = lsp
1182	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3' )
1183	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1184	gas_index_chem(2) = lsp
1185	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3' )
1186	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1187	gas_index_chem(3) = lsp
1188	CASE ( 'OCNV', 'ocnv' )
1189	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1190	gas_index_chem(4) = lsp
1191	CASE ( 'OCSV', 'ocsv' )
1192	gases_available = gases_available + 1
1193	gas_index_chem(5) = lsp
1194	END SELECT
1195	ENDDO
1196
1197	IF ( gases_available == ngases_salsa ) THEN
1198	salsa_gases_from_chem = .TRUE.
1199	ELSE
1200	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'SALSA is run together with chemistry but not all gaseous '// &
1201	'components are provided by kpp (H2SO4, HNO3, NH3, OCNV, OCSV)'
1202	CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0599', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1203	ENDIF
1204
1205	ELSE
1206
1207	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(ngases_salsa) )
1208	ALLOCATE( gconc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1209	gconc_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa), &
1210	gconc_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,ngases_salsa) )
1211	gconc_1 = 0.0_wp
1212	gconc_2 = 0.0_wp
1213	gconc_3 = 0.0_wp
1214
1215	DO i = 1, ngases_salsa
1216	salsa_gas(i)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,i)
1217	salsa_gas(i)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,i)
1218	salsa_gas(i)%tconc_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_3(:,:,:,i)
1219	ALLOCATE( salsa_gas(i)%flux_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1220	salsa_gas(i)%diss_s(nzb+1:nzt,0:threads_per_task-1), &
1221	salsa_gas(i)%flux_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1222	salsa_gas(i)%diss_l(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,0:threads_per_task-1),&
1223	salsa_gas(i)%init(nzb:nzt+1), &
1224	salsa_gas(i)%sums_ws_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:threads_per_task-1) )
1225	ENDDO
1226	!
1227	!-- Surface fluxes: gtsws = gaseous tracer flux
1228	!
1229	!-- Horizontal surfaces: default type
1230	DO l = 0, 2 ! upward (l=0), downward (l=1) and model top (l=2)
1231	ALLOCATE( surf_def_h(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_h(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1232	surf_def_h(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1233	ENDDO
1234	!-- Horizontal surfaces: natural type
1235	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1236	surf_lsm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1237	!-- Horizontal surfaces: urban type
1238	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_h%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_h%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1239	surf_usm_h%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1240	!
1241	!-- Vertical surfaces: northward (l=0), southward (l=1), eastward (l=2) and
1242	!-- westward (l=3) facing
1243	DO l = 0, 3
1244	ALLOCATE( surf_def_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_def_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1245	surf_def_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1246	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1247	surf_lsm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1248	ALLOCATE( surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws( 1:surf_usm_v(l)%ns, ngases_salsa ) )
1249	surf_usm_v(l)%gtsws = 0.0_wp
1250	ENDDO
1251	ENDIF
1252
1253	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init_arrays
1254
1255	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1256	! Description:
1257	! ------------
1258	!> Initialization of SALSA. Based on salsa_initialize in UCLALES-SALSA.
1259	!> Subroutines salsa_initialize, SALSAinit and DiagInitAero in UCLALES-SALSA are
1260	!> also merged here.
1261	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1262	SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1263
1264	IMPLICIT NONE
1265
1266	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
1267	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index for aerosol number bins
1268	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index for aerosol mass bins
1269	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index for gases
1270	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< index for indexing
1271	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
1272
1273	CALL location_message( 'initializing salsa (sectional aerosol module )', .TRUE. )
1274
1275	bin_low_limits = 0.0_wp
1276	k_topo_top = 0
1277	nsect = 0.0_wp
1278	massacc = 1.0_wp
1279
1280	!
1281	!-- Indices for chemical components used (-1 = not used)
1282	ii = 0
1283	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SO4' ) ) THEN
1284	index_so4 = get_index( prtcl,'SO4' )
1285	ii = ii + 1
1286	ENDIF
1287	IF ( is_used( prtcl,'OC' ) ) THEN
1288	index_oc = get_index(prtcl, 'OC')
1289	ii = ii + 1
1290	ENDIF
1291	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'BC' ) ) THEN
1292	index_bc = get_index( prtcl, 'BC' )
1293	ii = ii + 1
1294	ENDIF
1295	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'DU' ) ) THEN
1296	index_du = get_index( prtcl, 'DU' )
1297	ii = ii + 1
1298	ENDIF
1299	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'SS' ) ) THEN
1300	index_ss = get_index( prtcl, 'SS' )
1301	ii = ii + 1
1302	ENDIF
1303	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NO' ) ) THEN
1304	index_no = get_index( prtcl, 'NO' )
1305	ii = ii + 1
1306	ENDIF
1307	IF ( is_used( prtcl, 'NH' ) ) THEN
1308	index_nh = get_index( prtcl, 'NH' )
1309	ii = ii + 1
1310	ENDIF
1311	!
1312	!-- All species must be known
1313	IF ( ii /= ncc ) THEN
1314	message_string = 'Unknown aerosol species/component(s) given in the initialization'
1315	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: salsa_init', 'PA0600', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1316	ENDIF
1317	!
1318	!-- Partition and dissolutional growth by gaseous HNO3 and NH3
1319	IF ( index_no > 0 .AND. index_nh > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) lspartition = .TRUE.
1320	!
1321	!-- Initialise
1322	!
1323	!-- Aerosol size distribution (TYPE t_section)
1324	aero(:)%dwet = 1.0E-10_wp
1325	aero(:)%veqh2o = 1.0E-10_wp
1326	aero(:)%numc = nclim
1327	aero(:)%core = 1.0E-10_wp
1328	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1 ! 1:SO4, 2:OC, 3:BC, 4:DU, 5:SS, 6:NO, 7:NH, 8:H2O
1329	aero(:)%volc(ic) = 0.0_wp
1330	ENDDO
1331
1332	IF ( nldepo ) sedim_vd = 0.0_wp
1333
1334	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
1335	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) aerosol_number(ib)%conc = nclim
1336	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1337	aerosol_number(ib)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1338	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1339	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1340	aerosol_number(ib)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1341	aerosol_number(ib)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1342	aerosol_number(ib)%init = nclim
1343	aerosol_number(ib)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1344	ENDDO
1345	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass*nbins_aerosol
1346	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) aerosol_mass(ic)%conc = mclim
1347	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1348	aerosol_mass(ic)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1349	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1350	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1351	aerosol_mass(ic)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1352	aerosol_mass(ic)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1353	aerosol_mass(ic)%init = mclim
1354	aerosol_mass(ic)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1355	ENDDO
1356
1357	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1358	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1359	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p = 0.0_wp
1360	salsa_gas(ig)%tconc_m = 0.0_wp
1361	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_s = 0.0_wp
1362	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_s = 0.0_wp
1363	salsa_gas(ig)%flux_l = 0.0_wp
1364	salsa_gas(ig)%diss_l = 0.0_wp
1365	salsa_gas(ig)%sums_ws_l = 0.0_wp
1366	ENDDO
1367	IF ( .NOT. read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
1368	salsa_gas(1)%conc = h2so4_init
1369	salsa_gas(2)%conc = hno3_init
1370	salsa_gas(3)%conc = nh3_init
1371	salsa_gas(4)%conc = ocnv_init
1372	salsa_gas(5)%conc = ocsv_init
1373	ENDIF
1374	!
1375	!-- Set initial value for gas compound tracers and initial values
1376	salsa_gas(1)%init = h2so4_init
1377	salsa_gas(2)%init = hno3_init
1378	salsa_gas(3)%init = nh3_init
1379	salsa_gas(4)%init = ocnv_init
1380	salsa_gas(5)%init = ocsv_init
1381	ENDIF
1382	!
1383	!-- Aerosol radius in each bin: dry and wet (m)
1384	ra_dry = 1.0E-10_wp
1385	!
1386	!-- Initialise aerosol tracers
1387	aero(:)%vhilim = 0.0_wp
1388	aero(:)%vlolim = 0.0_wp
1389	aero(:)%vratiohi = 0.0_wp
1390	aero(:)%vratiolo = 0.0_wp
1391	aero(:)%dmid = 0.0_wp
1392	!
1393	!-- Initialise the sectional particle size distribution
1394	CALL set_sizebins
1395	!
1396	!-- Initialise location-dependent aerosol size distributions and chemical compositions:
1397	CALL aerosol_init
1398	!
1399	!-- Initalisation run of SALSA + calculate the vertical top index of the topography
1400	DO i = nxl, nxr
1401	DO j = nys, nyn
1402
1403	k_topo_top(j,i) = MAXLOC( MERGE( 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,i), 12 ) ), DIM = 1 ) - 1
1404
1405	CALL salsa_driver( i, j, 1 )
1406	CALL salsa_diagnostics( i, j )
1407	ENDDO
1408	ENDDO
1409	!
1410	!-- Initialise the deposition scheme and surface types
1411	IF ( nldepo ) CALL init_deposition
1412
1413	IF ( salsa_emission_mode /= 'no_emission' ) THEN
1414	!
1415	!-- Read in and initialize emissions
1416	CALL salsa_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1417	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem .AND. salsa_emission_mode == 'read_from_file' ) THEN
1418	CALL salsa_gas_emission_setup( .TRUE. )
1419	ENDIF
1420	ENDIF
1421
1422	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1423
1424	END SUBROUTINE salsa_init
1425
1426	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1427	! Description:
1428	! ------------
1429	!> Initializes particle size distribution grid by calculating size bin limits
1430	!> and mid-size for dry particles in each bin. Called from salsa_initialize
1431	!> (only at the beginning of simulation).
1432	!> Size distribution described using:
1433	!> 1) moving center method (subranges 1 and 2)
1434	!> (Jacobson, Atmos. Env., 31, 131-144, 1997)
1435	!> 2) fixed sectional method (subrange 3)
1436	!> Size bins in each subrange are spaced logarithmically
1437	!> based on given subrange size limits and bin number.
1438	!
1439	!> Mona changed 06/2017: Use geometric mean diameter to describe the mean
1440	!> particle diameter in a size bin, not the arithmeric mean which clearly
1441	!> overestimates the total particle volume concentration.
1442	!
1443	!> Coded by:
1444	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
1445	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
1446	!
1447	!> Bug fixes for box model + updated for the new aerosol datatype:
1448	!> Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
1449	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1450	SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1451
1452	IMPLICIT NONE
1453
1454	INTEGER(iwp) :: cc !< running index
1455	INTEGER(iwp) :: dd !< running index
1456
1457	REAL(wp) :: ratio_d !< ratio of the upper and lower diameter of subranges
1458	!
1459	!-- vlolim&vhilim: min & max dry volumes [fxm]
1460	!-- dmid: bin mid dry diameter (m)
1461	!-- vratiolo&vratiohi: volume ratio between the center and low/high limit
1462	!
1463	!-- 1) Size subrange 1:
1464	ratio_d = reglim(2) / reglim(1) ! section spacing (m)
1465	DO cc = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1466	aero(cc)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc-1 ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1467	aero(cc)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(1) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(1) ) )3
1468	aero(cc)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(cc)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1469	( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1470	aero(cc)%vratiohi = aero(cc)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1471	aero(cc)%vratiolo = aero(cc)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(cc)%dmid**3 )
1472	ENDDO
1473	!
1474	!-- 2) Size subrange 2:
1475	!-- 2.1) Sub-subrange 2a: high hygroscopicity
1476	ratio_d = reglim(3) / reglim(2) ! section spacing
1477	DO dd = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
1478	cc = dd - start_subrange_2a
1479	aero(dd)%vlolim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1480	aero(dd)%vhilim = api6 * ( reglim(2) * ratio_d( REAL( cc+1 ) / nbin(2) ) )3
1481	aero(dd)%dmid = SQRT( ( aero(dd)%vhilim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp &
1482	( aero(dd)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp )
1483	aero(dd)%vratiohi = aero(dd)%vhilim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1484	aero(dd)%vratiolo = aero(dd)%vlolim / ( api6 * aero(dd)%dmid**3 )
1485	ENDDO
1486	!
1487	!-- 2.2) Sub-subrange 2b: low hygroscopicity
1488	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
1489	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vlolim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vlolim
1490	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vhilim = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vhilim
1491	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%dmid = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%dmid
1492	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiohi = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiohi
1493	aero(start_subrange_2b:end_subrange_2b)%vratiolo = aero(start_subrange_2a:end_subrange_2a)%vratiolo
1494	ENDIF
1495	!
1496	!-- Initialize the wet diameter with the bin dry diameter to avoid numerical problems later
1497	aero(:)%dwet = aero(:)%dmid
1498	!
1499	!-- Save bin limits (lower diameter) to be delivered to PALM if needed
1500	DO cc = 1, nbins_aerosol
1501	bin_low_limits(cc) = ( aero(cc)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
1502	ENDDO
1503
1504	END SUBROUTINE set_sizebins
1505
1506	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1507	! Description:
1508	! ------------
1509	!> Initilize altitude-dependent aerosol size distributions and compositions.
1510	!>
1511	!> Mona added 06/2017: Correct the number and mass concentrations by normalizing
1512	!< by the given total number and mass concentration.
1513	!>
1514	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
1515	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1516	SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
1517
1518	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
1519	ONLY: get_attribute, get_variable, netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length, open_read_file
1520
1521	IMPLICIT NONE
1522
1523	CHARACTER(LEN=25), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cc_name !< chemical component name
1524
1525	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
1526	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index: x-direction
1527	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index: size bins
1528	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index: chemical components
1529	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_dyn !< NetCDF id of PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1530	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index: gases
1531	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index: y-direction
1532	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index: z-direction
1533	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_aero !< level of detail of inital aerosol concentrations
1534	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nbins !< Number of aerosol size bins in file
1535	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_ncc !< Number of aerosol chemical components in file
1536	INTEGER(iwp) :: pr_nz !< Number of vertical grid-points in file
1537	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< running mode of SALSA
1538	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
1539
1540	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: cc_input_to_model
1541
1542	LOGICAL :: netcdf_extend = .FALSE. !< Flag: netcdf file exists
1543
1544	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
1545
1546	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: core !< size of the bin mid aerosol particle
1547	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: nsect !< size distribution (#/m3)
1548
1549	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pnf2a !< number fraction in 2a
1550	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1) :: pmfoc1a !< mass fraction of OC in 1a
1551
1552	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol) :: pndist !< size dist as a function of height (#/m3)
1553	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2a !< mass distributions in subrange 2a
1554	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,maxspec) :: pmf2b !< mass distributions in subrange 2b
1555
1556	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_dmid !< vertical profile of aerosol bin diameters
1557	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_z !< z levels of profiles
1558
1559	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_a !< mass fraction: a
1560	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_mass_fracs_b !< and b
1561
1562	cc_input_to_model = 0
1563	prunmode = 1
1564	!
1565	!-- Bin mean aerosol particle volume (m3)
1566	core(:) = 0.0_wp
1567	core(1:nbins_aerosol) = api6 * aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid**3
1568	!
1569	!-- Set concentrations to zero
1570	nsect(:) = 0.0_wp
1571	pndist(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1572	pnf2a(:) = nf2a
1573	pmf2a(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1574	pmf2b(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1575	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1576
1577	IF ( isdtyp == 1 ) THEN
1578	!
1579	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_DYNAMIC_SALSA
1580	#if defined( __netcdf )
1581	!
1582	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1583	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
1584	IF ( netcdf_extend ) THEN
1585	!
1586	!-- Open file in read-only mode
1587	CALL open_read_file( input_file_dynamic // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
1588	!
1589	!-- Inquire dimensions:
1590	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
1591	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
1592	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
1593	'the number of numeric grid points.'
1594	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0601', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1595	ENDIF
1596	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_ncc, 'composition_index' )
1597	!
1598	!-- Allocate memory
1599	ALLOCATE( pr_z(1:pr_nz), pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc), &
1600	pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt+1,pr_ncc) )
1601	pr_mass_fracs_a = 0.0_wp
1602	pr_mass_fracs_b = 0.0_wp
1603	!
1604	!-- Read vertical levels
1605	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'z', pr_z )
1606	!
1607	!-- Read name and index of chemical components
1608	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'composition_name', cc_name, pr_ncc )
1609	DO ic = 1, pr_ncc
1610	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( cc_name(ic) ) )
1611	CASE ( 'H2SO4', 'SO4', 'h2so4', 'so4' )
1612	cc_input_to_model(1) = ic
1613	CASE ( 'OC', 'oc' )
1614	cc_input_to_model(2) = ic
1615	CASE ( 'BC', 'bc' )
1616	cc_input_to_model(3) = ic
1617	CASE ( 'DU', 'du' )
1618	cc_input_to_model(4) = ic
1619	CASE ( 'SS', 'ss' )
1620	cc_input_to_model(5) = ic
1621	CASE ( 'HNO3', 'hno3', 'NO', 'no' )
1622	cc_input_to_model(6) = ic
1623	CASE ( 'NH3', 'nh3', 'NH', 'nh' )
1624	cc_input_to_model(7) = ic
1625	END SELECT
1626	ENDDO
1627
1628	IF ( SUM( cc_input_to_model ) == 0 ) THEN
1629	message_string = 'None of the aerosol chemical components in ' // TRIM( &
1630	input_file_dynamic ) // ' correspond to ones applied in SALSA.'
1631	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0602', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1632	ENDIF
1633	!
1634	!-- Vertical profiles of mass fractions of different chemical components:
1635	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_a', pr_mass_fracs_a, &
1636	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1637	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_mass_fracs_b', pr_mass_fracs_b, &
1638	0, pr_ncc-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1639	!
1640	!-- Match the input data with the chemical composition applied in the model
1641	DO ic = 1, maxspec
1642	ss = cc_input_to_model(ic)
1643	IF ( ss == 0 ) CYCLE
1644	pmf2a(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_a(nzb:nzt,ss)
1645	pmf2b(nzb+1:nzt+1,ic) = pr_mass_fracs_b(nzb:nzt,ss)
1646	ENDDO
1647	!
1648	!-- Aerosol concentrations: lod=1 (total PM) or lod=2 (sectional number size distribution)
1649	CALL get_attribute( id_dyn, 'lod', lod_aero, .FALSE., 'init_atmosphere_aerosol' )
1650	IF ( lod_aero /= 2 ) THEN
1651	message_string = 'Currently only lod=2 accepted for init_atmosphere_aerosol'
1652	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0603', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1653	ELSE
1654	!
1655	!-- Bin mean diameters in the input file
1656	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nbins, 'Dmid')
1657	IF ( pr_nbins /= nbins_aerosol ) THEN
1658	message_string = 'Number of size bins in init_atmosphere_aerosol does not match ' &
1659	// 'with that applied in the model'
1660	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0604', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1661	ENDIF
1662
1663	ALLOCATE( pr_dmid(pr_nbins) )
1664	pr_dmid = 0.0_wp
1665
1666	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'Dmid', pr_dmid )
1667	!
1668	!-- Check whether the sectional representation conform to the one
1669	!-- applied in the model
1670	IF ( ANY( ABS( ( aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid - pr_dmid ) / &
1671	aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%dmid ) > 0.1_wp ) ) THEN
1672	message_string = 'Mean diameters of the aerosol size bins ' // TRIM( &
1673	input_file_dynamic ) // ' in do not conform to the sectional '// &
1674	'representation of the model.'
1675	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0605', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1676	ENDIF
1677	!
1678	!-- Inital aerosol concentrations
1679	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_aerosol', pndist(nzb+1:nzt,:), &
1680	0, pr_nbins-1, 0, pr_nz-1 )
1681	ENDIF
1682	!
1683	!-- Set bottom and top boundary condition (Neumann)
1684	pmf2a(nzb,:) = pmf2a(nzb+1,:)
1685	pmf2a(nzt+1,:) = pmf2a(nzt,:)
1686	pmf2b(nzb,:) = pmf2b(nzb+1,:)
1687	pmf2b(nzt+1,:) = pmf2b(nzt,:)
1688	pndist(nzb,:) = pndist(nzb+1,:)
1689	pndist(nzt+1,:) = pndist(nzt,:)
1690
1691	IF ( index_so4 < 0 ) THEN
1692	pmf2a(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1693	pmf2b(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1694	ENDIF
1695	IF ( index_oc < 0 ) THEN
1696	pmf2a(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1697	pmf2b(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1698	ENDIF
1699	IF ( index_bc < 0 ) THEN
1700	pmf2a(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1701	pmf2b(:,3) = 0.0_wp
1702	ENDIF
1703	IF ( index_du < 0 ) THEN
1704	pmf2a(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1705	pmf2b(:,4) = 0.0_wp
1706	ENDIF
1707	IF ( index_ss < 0 ) THEN
1708	pmf2a(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1709	pmf2b(:,5) = 0.0_wp
1710	ENDIF
1711	IF ( index_no < 0 ) THEN
1712	pmf2a(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1713	pmf2b(:,6) = 0.0_wp
1714	ENDIF
1715	IF ( index_nh < 0 ) THEN
1716	pmf2a(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1717	pmf2b(:,7) = 0.0_wp
1718	ENDIF
1719
1720	IF ( SUM( pmf2a ) < 0.00001_wp .AND. SUM( pmf2b ) < 0.00001_wp ) THEN
1721	message_string = 'Error in initialising mass fractions of chemical components. ' // &
1722	'Check that all chemical components are included in parameter file!'
1723	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0606', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1724	ENDIF
1725	!
1726	!-- Then normalise the mass fraction so that SUM = 1
1727	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1728	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
1729	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
1730	ENDDO
1731
1732	DEALLOCATE( pr_z, pr_mass_fracs_a, pr_mass_fracs_b )
1733
1734	ELSE
1735	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
1736	' for SALSA missing!'
1737	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0607', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1738
1739	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
1740
1741	#else
1742	message_string = 'isdtyp = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used in compiling!'
1743	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0608', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1744
1745	#endif
1746
1747	ELSEIF ( isdtyp == 0 ) THEN
1748	!
1749	!-- Mass fractions for species in a and b-bins
1750	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1751	pmf2a(:,1) = mass_fracs_a(index_so4)
1752	pmf2b(:,1) = mass_fracs_b(index_so4)
1753	ENDIF
1754	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1755	pmf2a(:,2) = mass_fracs_a(index_oc)
1756	pmf2b(:,2) = mass_fracs_b(index_oc)
1757	ENDIF
1758	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
1759	pmf2a(:,3) = mass_fracs_a(index_bc)
1760	pmf2b(:,3) = mass_fracs_b(index_bc)
1761	ENDIF
1762	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
1763	pmf2a(:,4) = mass_fracs_a(index_du)
1764	pmf2b(:,4) = mass_fracs_b(index_du)
1765	ENDIF
1766	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
1767	pmf2a(:,5) = mass_fracs_a(index_ss)
1768	pmf2b(:,5) = mass_fracs_b(index_ss)
1769	ENDIF
1770	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
1771	pmf2a(:,6) = mass_fracs_a(index_no)
1772	pmf2b(:,6) = mass_fracs_b(index_no)
1773	ENDIF
1774	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
1775	pmf2a(:,7) = mass_fracs_a(index_nh)
1776	pmf2b(:,7) = mass_fracs_b(index_nh)
1777	ENDIF
1778	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1779	pmf2a(k,:) = pmf2a(k,:) / SUM( pmf2a(k,:) )
1780	IF ( SUM( pmf2b(k,:) ) > 0.0_wp ) pmf2b(k,:) = pmf2b(k,:) / SUM( pmf2b(k,:) )
1781	ENDDO
1782
1783	CALL size_distribution( n_lognorm, dpg, sigmag, nsect )
1784	!
1785	!-- Normalize by the given total number concentration
1786	nsect = nsect * SUM( n_lognorm ) / SUM( nsect )
1787	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
1788	pndist(:,ib) = nsect(ib)
1789	ENDDO
1790	ENDIF
1791
1792	IF ( igctyp == 1 ) THEN
1793	!
1794	!-- Read input profiles from PIDS_CHEM
1795	#if defined( __netcdf )
1796	!
1797	!-- Location-dependent size distributions and compositions.
1798	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), EXIST = netcdf_extend )
1799	IF ( netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1800	!
1801	!-- Open file in read-only mode
1802	CALL open_read_file( input_file_dynamic // TRIM( coupling_char ), id_dyn )
1803	!
1804	!-- Inquire dimensions:
1805	CALL netcdf_data_input_get_dimension_length( id_dyn, pr_nz, 'z' )
1806	IF ( pr_nz /= nz ) THEN
1807	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Number of inifor horizontal grid points does not match '//&
1808	'the number of numeric grid points.'
1809	CALL message( 'aerosol_init', 'PA0609', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1810	ENDIF
1811	!
1812	!-- Read vertical profiles of gases:
1813	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_h2so4', salsa_gas(1)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1814	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_hno3', salsa_gas(2)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1815	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_nh3', salsa_gas(3)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1816	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocnv', salsa_gas(4)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1817	CALL get_variable( id_dyn, 'init_atmosphere_ocsv', salsa_gas(5)%init(nzb+1:nzt) )
1818	!
1819	!-- Set Neumann top and surface boundary condition for initial + initialise concentrations
1820	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
1821	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzb+1)
1822	salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt+1) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(nzt)
1823	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1824	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(k,:,:) = salsa_gas(ig)%init(k)
1825	ENDDO
1826	ENDDO
1827
1828	ELSEIF ( .NOT. netcdf_extend .AND. .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
1829	message_string = 'Input file '// TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
1830	' for SALSA missing!'
1831	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0610', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1832	ENDIF ! netcdf_extend
1833	#else
1834	message_string = 'igctyp = 1 but preprocessor directive __netcdf is not used in compiling!'
1835	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0611', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1836
1837	#endif
1838
1839	ENDIF
1840	!
1841	!-- Both SO4 and OC are included, so use the given mass fractions
1842	IF ( index_oc > 0 .AND. index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1843	pmfoc1a(:) = pmf2a(:,2) / ( pmf2a(:,2) + pmf2a(:,1) ) ! Normalize
1844	!
1845	!-- Pure organic carbon
1846	ELSEIF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1847	pmfoc1a(:) = 1.0_wp
1848	!
1849	!-- Pure SO4
1850	ELSEIF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1851	pmfoc1a(:) = 0.0_wp
1852
1853	ELSE
1854	message_string = 'Either OC or SO4 must be active for aerosol region 1a!'
1855	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: aerosol_init', 'PA0612', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1856	ENDIF
1857
1858	!
1859	!-- Initialize concentrations
1860	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1861	DO j = nysg, nyng
1862	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1863	!
1864	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
1865	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
1866	!
1867	!-- a) Number concentrations
1868	!-- Region 1:
1869	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
1870	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = pndist(k,ib) * flag
1871	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1872	aerosol_number(ib)%init = pndist(:,ib)
1873	ENDIF
1874	ENDDO
1875	!
1876	!-- Region 2:
1877	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
1878	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
1879	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pnf2a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * flag
1880	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1881	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
1882	ENDIF
1883	ENDDO
1884	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
1885	DO ib = start_subrange_2b, end_subrange_2b
1886	IF ( pnf2a(k) < 1.0_wp ) THEN
1887	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
1888	pndist(k,ib) * flag
1889	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1890	aerosol_number(ib)%init = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - nf2a ) * pndist(:,ib)
1891	ENDIF
1892	ENDIF
1893	ENDDO
1894	ENDIF
1895	ENDIF
1896	!
1897	!-- b) Aerosol mass concentrations
1898	!-- bin subrange 1: done here separately due to the SO4/OC convention
1899	!
1900	!-- SO4:
1901	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1902	ss = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
1903	ee = ( index_so4 - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
1904	ib = start_subrange_1a
1905	DO ic = ss, ee
1906	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib)&
1907	* core(ib) * arhoh2so4 * flag
1908	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1909	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, 1.0_wp - pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) &
1910	* core(ib) * arhoh2so4
1911	ENDIF
1912	ib = ib+1
1913	ENDDO
1914	ENDIF
1915	!
1916	!-- OC:
1917	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1918	ss = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_1a !< start
1919	ee = ( index_oc - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_1a !< end
1920	ib = start_subrange_1a
1921	DO ic = ss, ee
1922	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
1923	core(ib) * arhooc * flag
1924	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
1925	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmfoc1a(k) ) * pndist(k,ib) * &
1926	core(ib) * arhooc
1927	ENDIF
1928	ib = ib+1
1929	ENDDO
1930	ENDIF
1931	ENDDO !< k
1932
1933	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
1934
1935	ENDDO !< j
1936	ENDDO !< i
1937
1938	!
1939	!-- c) Aerosol mass concentrations
1940	!-- bin subrange 2:
1941	IF ( nreg > 1 ) THEN
1942
1943	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
1944	CALL set_aero_mass( index_so4, pmf2a(:,1), pmf2b(:,1), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoh2so4 )
1945	ENDIF
1946	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
1947	CALL set_aero_mass( index_oc, pmf2a(:,2), pmf2b(:,2), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhooc )
1948	ENDIF
1949	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
1950	CALL set_aero_mass( index_bc, pmf2a(:,3), pmf2b(:,3), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhobc )
1951	ENDIF
1952	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
1953	CALL set_aero_mass( index_du, pmf2a(:,4), pmf2b(:,4), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhodu )
1954	ENDIF
1955	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
1956	CALL set_aero_mass( index_ss, pmf2a(:,5), pmf2b(:,5), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhoss )
1957	ENDIF
1958	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
1959	CALL set_aero_mass( index_no, pmf2a(:,6), pmf2b(:,6), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhohno3 )
1960	ENDIF
1961	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
1962	CALL set_aero_mass( index_nh, pmf2a(:,7), pmf2b(:,7), pnf2a, pndist, core, arhonh3 )
1963	ENDIF
1964
1965	ENDIF
1966
1967	END SUBROUTINE aerosol_init
1968
1969	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1970	! Description:
1971	! ------------
1972	!> Create a lognormal size distribution and discretise to a sectional
1973	!> representation.
1974	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1975	SUBROUTINE size_distribution( in_ntot, in_dpg, in_sigma, psd_sect )
1976
1977	IMPLICIT NONE
1978
1979	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< running index: bin
1980	INTEGER(iwp) :: iteration !< running index: iteration
1981
1982	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
1983	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< particle diameter (m, dummy)
1984	REAL(wp) :: delta_d !< (d2-d1)/10
1985	REAL(wp) :: deltadp !< bin width
1986	REAL(wp) :: dmidi !< ( d1 + d2 ) / 2
1987
1988	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_dpg !< geometric mean diameter (m)
1989	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_ntot !< number conc. (#/m3)
1990	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: in_sigma !< standard deviation
1991
1992	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: psd_sect !< sectional size distribution
1993
1994	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_2b
1995	psd_sect(ib) = 0.0_wp
1996	!
1997	!-- Particle diameter at the low limit (largest in the bin) (m)
1998	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
1999	!
2000	!-- Particle diameter at the high limit (smallest in the bin) (m)
2001	d2 = ( aero(ib)%vhilim / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2002	!
2003	!-- Span of particle diameter in a bin (m)
2004	delta_d = 0.1_wp * ( d2 - d1 )
2005	!
2006	!-- Iterate:
2007	DO iteration = 1, 10
2008	d1 = ( aero(ib)%vlolim / api6 )*0.33333333_wp + ( ib - 1) delta_d
2009	d2 = d1 + delta_d
2010	dmidi = 0.5_wp * ( d1 + d2 )
2011	deltadp = LOG10( d2 / d1 )
2012	!
2013	!-- Size distribution
2014	!-- in_ntot = total number, total area, or total volume concentration
2015	!-- in_dpg = geometric-mean number, area, or volume diameter
2016	!-- n(k) = number, area, or volume concentration in a bin
2017	psd_sect(ib) = psd_sect(ib) + SUM( in_ntot * deltadp / ( SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) * &
2018	LOG10( in_sigma ) ) * EXP( -LOG10( dmidi / in_dpg )**2.0_wp / &
2019	( 2.0_wp * LOG10( in_sigma ) ** 2.0_wp ) ) )
2020
2021	ENDDO
2022	ENDDO
2023
2024	END SUBROUTINE size_distribution
2025
2026	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2027	! Description:
2028	! ------------
2029	!> Sets the mass concentrations to aerosol arrays in 2a and 2b.
2030	!>
2031	!> Tomi Raatikainen, FMI, 29.2.2016
2032	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2033	SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass( ispec, pmf2a, pmf2b, pnf2a, pndist, pcore, prho )
2034
2035	IMPLICIT NONE
2036
2037	INTEGER(iwp) :: ee !< index: end
2038	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index
2039	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2040	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2041	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index
2042	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2043	INTEGER(iwp) :: prunmode !< 1 = initialise
2044	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< index: start
2045
2046	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: ispec !< Aerosol species index
2047
2048	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2049
2050	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prho !< Aerosol density
2051
2052	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pcore !< Aerosol bin mid core volume
2053	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pnf2a !< Number fraction for 2a
2054	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2a !< Mass distributions for a
2055	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1), INTENT(in) :: pmf2b !< and b bins
2056
2057	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:nz+1,nbins_aerosol), INTENT(in) :: pndist !< Aerosol size distribution
2058
2059	prunmode = 1
2060
2061	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
2062	DO j = nysg, nyng
2063	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
2064	!
2065	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2066	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2067	!
2068	!-- Regime 2a:
2069	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2a
2070	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2a
2071	ib = start_subrange_2a
2072	DO ic = ss, ee
2073	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2074	pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2075	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2076	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2a(k) ) * pnf2a(k) * pndist(k,ib) * &
2077	pcore(ib) * prho
2078	ENDIF
2079	ib = ib + 1
2080	ENDDO
2081	!
2082	!-- Regime 2b:
2083	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
2084	ss = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + start_subrange_2b
2085	ee = ( ispec - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + end_subrange_2b
2086	ib = start_subrange_2a
2087	DO ic = ss, ee
2088	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(k,j,i) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) *&
2089	pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho * flag
2090	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2091	aerosol_mass(ic)%init(k) = MAX( 0.0_wp, pmf2b(k) ) * ( 1.0_wp - pnf2a(k) ) * &
2092	pndist(k,ib) * pcore(ib) * prho
2093	ENDIF
2094	ib = ib + 1
2095	ENDDO ! c
2096
2097	ENDIF
2098	ENDDO ! k
2099
2100	prunmode = 3 ! Init only once
2101
2102	ENDDO ! j
2103	ENDDO ! i
2104
2105	END SUBROUTINE set_aero_mass
2106
2107	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2108	! Description:
2109	! ------------
2110	!> Initialise the matching between surface types in LSM and deposition models.
2111	!> Do the matching based on Zhang et al. (2001). Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560
2112	!> (here referred as Z01).
2113	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2114	SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2115
2116	USE surface_mod, &
2117	ONLY: surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v
2118
2119	IMPLICIT NONE
2120
2121	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for vertical surfaces
2122
2123	IF ( nldepo_surf .AND. land_surface ) THEN
2124
2125	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_h%match(1:surf_lsm_h%ns) )
2126	lsm_to_depo_h%match = 0
2127	CALL match_lsm_zhang( surf_lsm_h, lsm_to_depo_h%match )
2128
2129	DO l = 0, 3
2130	ALLOCATE( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2131	lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match = 0
2132	CALL match_lsm_zhang( surf_lsm_v(l), lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match )
2133	ENDDO
2134	ENDIF
2135
2136	IF ( nldepo_pcm ) THEN
2137	SELECT CASE ( depo_pcm_type )
2138	CASE ( 'evergreen_needleleaf' )
2139	depo_pcm_type_num = 1
2140	CASE ( 'evergreen_broadleaf' )
2141	depo_pcm_type_num = 2
2142	CASE ( 'deciduous_needleleaf' )
2143	depo_pcm_type_num = 3
2144	CASE ( 'deciduous_broadleaf' )
2145	depo_pcm_type_num = 4
2146	CASE DEFAULT
2147	message_string = 'depo_pcm_type not set correctly.'
2148	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_deposition', 'PA0613', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2149	END SELECT
2150	ENDIF
2151
2152	END SUBROUTINE init_deposition
2153
2154	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2155	! Description:
2156	! ------------
2157	!> Match the surface types in PALM and Zhang et al. 2001 deposition module
2158	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2159	SUBROUTINE match_lsm_zhang( surf, match_array )
2160
2161	USE surface_mod, &
2162	ONLY: ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_type
2163
2164	IMPLICIT NONE
2165
2166	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< index for surface elements
2167	INTEGER(iwp) :: pav_type_palm !< pavement type in PALM
2168	INTEGER(iwp) :: vege_type_palm !< vegetation type in PALM
2169	INTEGER(iwp) :: water_type_palm !< water type in PALM
2170
2171	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: match_array !< array matching
2172	!< the surface types
2173	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(in) :: surf !< respective surface type
2174
2175	DO m = 1, surf%ns
2176
2177	IF ( surf%frac(ind_veg_wall,m) > 0 ) THEN
2178	vege_type_palm = surf%vegetation_type(m)
2179	SELECT CASE ( vege_type_palm )
2180	CASE ( 0 )
2181	message_string = 'No vegetation type defined.'
2182	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: init_depo_surfaces', 'PA0614', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2183	CASE ( 1 ) ! bare soil
2184	match_array(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2185	CASE ( 2 ) ! crops, mixed farming
2186	match_array(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2187	CASE ( 3 ) ! short grass
2188	match_array(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2189	CASE ( 4 ) ! evergreen needleleaf trees
2190	match_array(m) = 1 ! evergreen needleleaf trees in Z01
2191	CASE ( 5 ) ! deciduous needleleaf trees
2192	match_array(m) = 3 ! deciduous needleleaf trees in Z01
2193	CASE ( 6 ) ! evergreen broadleaf trees
2194	match_array(m) = 2 ! evergreen broadleaf trees in Z01
2195	CASE ( 7 ) ! deciduous broadleaf trees
2196	match_array(m) = 4 ! deciduous broadleaf trees in Z01
2197	CASE ( 8 ) ! tall grass
2198	match_array(m) = 6 ! grass in Z01
2199	CASE ( 9 ) ! desert
2200	match_array(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2201	CASE ( 10 ) ! tundra
2202	match_array(m) = 9 ! tundra in Z01
2203	CASE ( 11 ) ! irrigated crops
2204	match_array(m) = 7 ! crops, mixed farming Z01
2205	CASE ( 12 ) ! semidesert
2206	match_array(m) = 8 ! desert in Z01
2207	CASE ( 13 ) ! ice caps and glaciers
2208	match_array(m) = 12 ! ice cap and glacier in Z01
2209	CASE ( 14 ) ! bogs and marshes
2210	match_array(m) = 11 ! wetland with plants in Z01
2211	CASE ( 15 ) ! evergreen shrubs
2212	match_array(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2213	CASE ( 16 ) ! deciduous shrubs
2214	match_array(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2215	CASE ( 17 ) ! mixed forest/woodland
2216	match_array(m) = 5 ! mixed broadleaf and needleleaf trees in Z01
2217	CASE ( 18 ) ! interrupted forest
2218	match_array(m) = 10 ! shrubs and interrupted woodlands in Z01
2219	END SELECT
2220	ENDIF
2221
2222	IF ( surf%frac(ind_pav_green,m) > 0 ) THEN
2223	pav_type_palm = surf%pavement_type(m)
2224	IF ( pav_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2225	message_string = 'No pavement type defined.'
2226	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_lsm_zhang', 'PA0615', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2227	ELSEIF ( pav_type_palm > 0 .AND. pav_type_palm <= 15 ) THEN
2228	match_array(m) = 15 ! urban in Z01
2229	ENDIF
2230	ENDIF
2231
2232	IF ( surf%frac(ind_wat_win,m) > 0 ) THEN
2233	water_type_palm = surf%water_type(m)
2234	IF ( water_type_palm == 0 ) THEN ! error
2235	message_string = 'No water type defined.'
2236	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: match_lsm_zhang', 'PA0616', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2237	ELSEIF ( water_type_palm == 3 ) THEN
2238	match_array(m) = 14 ! ocean in Z01
2239	ELSEIF ( water_type_palm == 1 .OR. water_type_palm == 2 .OR. water_type_palm == 4 &
2240	.OR. water_type_palm == 5 ) THEN
2241	match_array(m) = 13 ! inland water in Z01
2242	ENDIF
2243	ENDIF
2244
2245	ENDDO
2246
2247	END SUBROUTINE match_lsm_zhang
2248
2249	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2250	! Description:
2251	! ------------
2252	!> Swapping of timelevels
2253	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2254	SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel( mod_count )
2255
2256	IMPLICIT NONE
2257
2258	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2259	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2260	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !<
2261	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2262
2263	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: mod_count !<
2264
2265	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= skip_time_do_salsa ) THEN
2266
2267	SELECT CASE ( mod_count )
2268
2269	CASE ( 0 )
2270
2271	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2272	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2273	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2274
2275	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2276	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2277	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2278	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2279	ENDDO
2280	ENDDO
2281
2282	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2283	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2284	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2285	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2286	ENDDO
2287	ENDIF
2288
2289	CASE ( 1 )
2290
2291	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2292	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_2(:,:,:,ib)
2293	aerosol_number(ib)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => nconc_1(:,:,:,ib)
2294	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
2295	icc = ( ic-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
2296	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_2(:,:,:,icc)
2297	aerosol_mass(icc)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => mconc_1(:,:,:,icc)
2298	ENDDO
2299	ENDDO
2300
2301	IF ( .NOT. salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2302	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2303	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_2(:,:,:,ig)
2304	salsa_gas(ig)%conc_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) => gconc_1(:,:,:,ig)
2305	ENDDO
2306	ENDIF
2307
2308	END SELECT
2309
2310	ENDIF
2311
2312	END SUBROUTINE salsa_swap_timelevel
2313
2314
2315	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2316	! Description:
2317	! ------------
2318	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
2319	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2320	SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local( k, nxlf, nxlc, nxl_on_file, nxrf, nxrc, nxr_on_file, nynf, nync, &
2321	nyn_on_file, nysf, nysc, nys_on_file, tmp_3d, found )
2322
2323	IMPLICIT NONE
2324
2325	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2326	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2327	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2328	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
2329	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlc !<
2330	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlf !<
2331	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_on_file !<
2332	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrc !<
2333	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrf !<
2334	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_on_file !<
2335	INTEGER(iwp) :: nync !<
2336	INTEGER(iwp) :: nynf !<
2337	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_on_file !<
2338	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysc !<
2339	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysf !<
2340	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_on_file !<
2341
2342	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
2343
2344	REAL(wp), &
2345	DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp,nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_3d !<
2346
2347	found = .FALSE.
2348
2349	IF ( read_restart_data_salsa ) THEN
2350
2351	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
2352
2353	CASE ( 'aerosol_number' )
2354	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2355	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2356	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2357	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2358	found = .TRUE.
2359	ENDDO
2360
2361	CASE ( 'aerosol_mass' )
2362	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass * nbins_aerosol
2363	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2364	aerosol_mass(ic)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2365	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2366	found = .TRUE.
2367	ENDDO
2368
2369	CASE ( 'salsa_gas' )
2370	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2371	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d
2372	salsa_gas(ig)%conc(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
2373	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
2374	found = .TRUE.
2375	ENDDO
2376
2377	CASE DEFAULT
2378	found = .FALSE.
2379
2380	END SELECT
2381	ENDIF
2382
2383	END SUBROUTINE salsa_rrd_local
2384
2385	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2386	! Description:
2387	! ------------
2388	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
2389	!> Note that the following input variables in PARIN have to be equal between
2390	!> restart runs:
2391	!> listspec, nbin, nbin2, nf2a, ncc, mass_fracs_a, mass_fracs_b
2392	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2393	SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2394
2395	IMPLICIT NONE
2396
2397	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !<
2398	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !<
2399	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !<
2400
2401	IF ( write_binary .AND. write_binary_salsa ) THEN
2402
2403	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_number' )
2404	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2405	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_number(ib)%conc
2406	ENDDO
2407
2408	CALL wrd_write_string( 'aerosol_mass' )
2409	DO ic = 1, nbins_aerosol * ncomponents_mass
2410	WRITE ( 14 ) aerosol_mass(ic)%conc
2411	ENDDO
2412
2413	CALL wrd_write_string( 'salsa_gas' )
2414	DO ig = 1, ngases_salsa
2415	WRITE ( 14 ) salsa_gas(ig)%conc
2416	ENDDO
2417
2418	ENDIF
2419
2420	END SUBROUTINE salsa_wrd_local
2421
2422	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2423	! Description:
2424	! ------------
2425	!> Performs necessary unit and dimension conversion between the host model and
2426	!> SALSA module, and calls the main SALSA routine.
2427	!> Partially adobted form the original SALSA boxmodel version.
2428	!> Now takes masses in as kg/kg from LES!! Converted to m3/m3 for SALSA
2429	!> 05/2016 Juha: This routine is still pretty much in its original shape.
2430	!> It's dumb as a mule and twice as ugly, so implementation of
2431	!> an improved solution is necessary sooner or later.
2432	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
2433	!> Jaakko Ahola, FMI, 2016
2434	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
2435	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2436	SUBROUTINE salsa_driver( i, j, prunmode )
2437
2438	USE arrays_3d, &
2439	ONLY: pt_p, q_p, u, v, w
2440
2441	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
2442	ONLY: lad_s
2443
2444	USE surface_mod, &
2445	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
2446
2447	IMPLICIT NONE
2448
2449	INTEGER(iwp) :: endi !< end index
2450	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
2451	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
2452	INTEGER(iwp) :: ig !< loop index
2453	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_wall !< vertical index of topography top
2454	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
2455	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index
2456	INTEGER(iwp) :: nc_h2o !< index of H2O in the prtcl index table
2457	INTEGER(iwp) :: ss !< loop index
2458	INTEGER(iwp) :: str !< start index
2459	INTEGER(iwp) :: vc !< default index in prtcl
2460
2461	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
2462	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
2463	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode !< 1: Initialization, 2: Spinup, 3: Regular runtime
2464
2465	REAL(wp) :: cw_old !< previous H2O mixing ratio
2466	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
2467	REAL(wp) :: in_lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
2468	REAL(wp) :: in_rh !< relative humidity
2469	REAL(wp) :: zgso4 !< SO4
2470	REAL(wp) :: zghno3 !< HNO3
2471	REAL(wp) :: zgnh3 !< NH3
2472	REAL(wp) :: zgocnv !< non-volatile OC
2473	REAL(wp) :: zgocsv !< semi-volatile OC
2474
2475	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_adn !< air density (kg/m3)
2476	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cs !< H2O sat. vapour conc.
2477	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_cw !< H2O vapour concentration
2478	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_p !< pressure (Pa)
2479	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_t !< temperature (K)
2480	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: in_u !< wind magnitude (m/s)
2481	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air(m2/s)
2482	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: ppm_to_nconc !< Conversion factor from ppm to #/m3
2483
2484	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
2485	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nbins_aerosol) :: vd !< particle fall seed (m/s)
2486
2487	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: aero_old !< helper array
2488
2489	aero_old(:)%numc = 0.0_wp
2490	in_lad = 0.0_wp
2491	in_u = 0.0_wp
2492	kvis = 0.0_wp
2493	schmidt_num = 0.0_wp
2494	vd = 0.0_wp
2495	zgso4 = nclim
2496	zghno3 = nclim
2497	zgnh3 = nclim
2498	zgocnv = nclim
2499	zgocsv = nclim
2500	!
2501	!-- Aerosol number is always set, but mass can be uninitialized
2502	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2503	aero(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2504	aero_old(ib)%volc(:) = 0.0_wp
2505	ENDDO
2506	!
2507	!-- Set the salsa runtime config (How to make this more efficient?)
2508	CALL set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
2509	!
2510	!-- Calculate thermodynamic quantities needed in SALSA
2511	CALL salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij=in_p, temp_ij=in_t, cw_ij=in_cw, cs_ij=in_cs, adn_ij=in_adn )
2512	!
2513	!-- Magnitude of wind: needed for deposition
2514	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
2515	in_u(nzb+1:nzt) = SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i+1) ) )**2 + &
2516	( 0.5_wp * ( v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j+1,i) ) )**2 + &
2517	( 0.5_wp * ( w(nzb:nzt-1,j,i) + w(nzb+1:nzt,j, i) ) )**2 )
2518	ENDIF
2519	!
2520	!-- Calculate conversion factors for gas concentrations
2521	ppm_to_nconc(:) = for_ppm_to_nconc * in_p(:) / in_t(:)
2522	!
2523	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
2524	k_wall = k_topo_top(j,i)
2525
2526	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
2527	!
2528	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2529	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) )
2530	!
2531	!-- Wind velocity for dry depositon on vegetation
2532	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy ) THEN
2533	in_lad = lad_s( MAX( k-k_wall,0 ),j,i)
2534	ENDIF
2535	!
2536	!-- For initialization and spinup, limit the RH with the parameter rhlim
2537	IF ( prunmode < 3 ) THEN
2538	in_cw(k) = MIN( in_cw(k), in_cs(k) * rhlim )
2539	ELSE
2540	in_cw(k) = in_cw(k)
2541	ENDIF
2542	cw_old = in_cw(k) !* in_adn(k)
2543	!
2544	!-- Set volume concentrations:
2545	!-- Sulphate (SO4) or sulphuric acid H2SO4
2546	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2547	vc = 1
2548	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 ! start index
2549	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol ! end index
2550	ic = 1
2551	DO ss = str, endi
2552	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2so4
2553	ic = ic+1
2554	ENDDO
2555	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2556	ENDIF
2557	!
2558	!-- Organic carbon (OC) compounds
2559	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2560	vc = 2
2561	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2562	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
2563	ic = 1
2564	DO ss = str, endi
2565	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhooc
2566	ic = ic+1
2567	ENDDO
2568	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2569	ENDIF
2570	!
2571	!-- Black carbon (BC)
2572	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2573	vc = 3
2574	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2575	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
2576	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2577	DO ss = str, endi
2578	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhobc
2579	ic = ic+1
2580	ENDDO
2581	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2582	ENDIF
2583	!
2584	!-- Dust (DU)
2585	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2586	vc = 4
2587	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2588	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
2589	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2590	DO ss = str, endi
2591	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhodu
2592	ic = ic+1
2593	ENDDO
2594	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2595	ENDIF
2596	!
2597	!-- Sea salt (SS)
2598	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2599	vc = 5
2600	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2601	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
2602	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2603	DO ss = str, endi
2604	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoss
2605	ic = ic+1
2606	ENDDO
2607	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2608	ENDIF
2609	!
2610	!-- Nitrate (NO(3-)) or nitric acid HNO3
2611	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2612	vc = 6
2613	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2614	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
2615	ic = 1
2616	DO ss = str, endi
2617	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhohno3
2618	ic = ic+1
2619	ENDDO
2620	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2621	ENDIF
2622	!
2623	!-- Ammonium (NH(4+)) or ammonia NH3
2624	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2625	vc = 7
2626	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2627	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
2628	ic = 1
2629	DO ss = str, endi
2630	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhonh3
2631	ic = ic+1
2632	ENDDO
2633	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2634	ENDIF
2635	!
2636	!-- Water (always used)
2637	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
2638	vc = 8
2639	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2640	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
2641	ic = 1
2642	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
2643	DO ss = str, endi
2644	aero(ic)%volc(vc) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) / arhoh2o
2645	ic = ic+1
2646	ENDDO
2647	ELSE
2648	aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = mclim
2649	ENDIF
2650	aero_old(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc) = aero(1:nbins_aerosol)%volc(vc)
2651	!
2652	!-- Number concentrations (numc) and particle sizes
2653	!-- (dwet = wet diameter, core = dry volume)
2654	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2655	aero(ib)%numc = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i)
2656	aero_old(ib)%numc = aero(ib)%numc
2657	IF ( aero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
2658	aero(ib)%dwet = ( SUM( aero(ib)%volc(:) ) / aero(ib)%numc / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
2659	aero(ib)%core = SUM( aero(ib)%volc(1:7) ) / aero(ib)%numc
2660	ELSE
2661	aero(ib)%dwet = aero(ib)%dmid
2662	aero(ib)%core = api6 * ( aero(ib)%dwet )**3
2663	ENDIF
2664	ENDDO
2665	!
2666	!-- On EACH call of salsa_driver, calculate the ambient sizes of
2667	!-- particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of particles with water
2668	!-- using the ZSR method.
2669	in_rh = in_cw(k) / in_cs(k)
2670	IF ( prunmode==1 .OR. .NOT. advect_particle_water ) THEN
2671	CALL equilibration( in_rh, in_t(k), aero, .TRUE. )
2672	ENDIF
2673	!
2674	!-- Gaseous tracer concentrations in #/m3
2675	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2676	!
2677	!-- Convert concentrations in ppm to #/m3
2678	zgso4 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(1))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2679	zghno3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(2))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2680	zgnh3 = chem_species(gas_index_chem(3))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2681	zgocnv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(4))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2682	zgocsv = chem_species(gas_index_chem(5))%conc(k,j,i) * ppm_to_nconc(k)
2683	ELSE
2684	zgso4 = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i)
2685	zghno3 = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i)
2686	zgnh3 = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i)
2687	zgocnv = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i)
2688	zgocsv = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i)
2689	ENDIF
2690	!
2691	!-- Calculate aerosol processes:
2692	!-- *********************************************************************************************
2693	!
2694	!-- Coagulation
2695	IF ( lscoag ) THEN
2696	CALL coagulation( aero, dt_salsa, in_t(k), in_p(k) )
2697	ENDIF
2698	!
2699	!-- Condensation
2700	IF ( lscnd ) THEN
2701	CALL condensation( aero, zgso4, zgocnv, zgocsv, zghno3, zgnh3, in_cw(k), in_cs(k), &
2702	in_t(k), in_p(k), dt_salsa, prtcl )
2703	ENDIF
2704	!
2705	!-- Deposition
2706	IF ( lsdepo ) THEN
2707	CALL deposition( aero, in_t(k), in_adn(k), in_u(k), in_lad, kvis(k), schmidt_num(k,:), &
2708	vd(k,:) )
2709	ENDIF
2710	!
2711	!-- Size distribution bin update
2712	IF ( lsdistupdate ) THEN
2713	CALL distr_update( aero )
2714	ENDIF
2715	!-- *********************************************************************************************
2716
2717	IF ( lsdepo ) sedim_vd(k,j,i,:) = vd(k,:)
2718	!
2719	!-- Calculate changes in concentrations
2720	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
2721	aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ib)%numc - &
2722	aero_old(ib)%numc ) * flag
2723	ENDDO
2724
2725	IF ( index_so4 > 0 ) THEN
2726	vc = 1
2727	str = ( index_so4-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2728	endi = index_so4 * nbins_aerosol
2729	ic = 1
2730	DO ss = str, endi
2731	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2732	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2so4 * flag
2733	ic = ic+1
2734	ENDDO
2735	ENDIF
2736
2737	IF ( index_oc > 0 ) THEN
2738	vc = 2
2739	str = ( index_oc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2740	endi = index_oc * nbins_aerosol
2741	ic = 1
2742	DO ss = str, endi
2743	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2744	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhooc * flag
2745	ic = ic+1
2746	ENDDO
2747	ENDIF
2748
2749	IF ( index_bc > 0 ) THEN
2750	vc = 3
2751	str = ( index_bc-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2752	endi = index_bc * nbins_aerosol
2753	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2754	DO ss = str, endi
2755	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2756	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhobc * flag
2757	ic = ic+1
2758	ENDDO
2759	ENDIF
2760
2761	IF ( index_du > 0 ) THEN
2762	vc = 4
2763	str = ( index_du-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2764	endi = index_du * nbins_aerosol
2765	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2766	DO ss = str, endi
2767	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2768	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhodu * flag
2769	ic = ic+1
2770	ENDDO
2771	ENDIF
2772
2773	IF ( index_ss > 0 ) THEN
2774	vc = 5
2775	str = ( index_ss-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1 + end_subrange_1a
2776	endi = index_ss * nbins_aerosol
2777	ic = 1 + end_subrange_1a
2778	DO ss = str, endi
2779	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2780	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoss * flag
2781	ic = ic+1
2782	ENDDO
2783	ENDIF
2784
2785	IF ( index_no > 0 ) THEN
2786	vc = 6
2787	str = ( index_no-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2788	endi = index_no * nbins_aerosol
2789	ic = 1
2790	DO ss = str, endi
2791	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2792	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhohno3 * flag
2793	ic = ic+1
2794	ENDDO
2795	ENDIF
2796
2797	IF ( index_nh > 0 ) THEN
2798	vc = 7
2799	str = ( index_nh-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2800	endi = index_nh * nbins_aerosol
2801	ic = 1
2802	DO ss = str, endi
2803	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2804	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhonh3 * flag
2805	ic = ic+1
2806	ENDDO
2807	ENDIF
2808
2809	IF ( advect_particle_water ) THEN
2810	nc_h2o = get_index( prtcl,'H2O' )
2811	vc = 8
2812	str = ( nc_h2o-1 ) * nbins_aerosol + 1
2813	endi = nc_h2o * nbins_aerosol
2814	ic = 1
2815	DO ss = str, endi
2816	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) = aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) + ( aero(ic)%volc(vc) - &
2817	aero_old(ic)%volc(vc) ) * arhoh2o * flag
2818	IF ( prunmode == 1 ) THEN
2819	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k) = MAX( aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k), &
2820	aerosol_mass(ss)%conc(k,j,i) )
2821	IF ( k == nzb+1 ) THEN
2822	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k-1) = 0.0_wp
2823	ELSEIF ( k == nzt ) THEN
2824	aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k+1) = aerosol_mass(ss)%init(k)
2825	ENDIF
2826	ENDIF
2827	ic = ic+1
2828	ENDDO
2829	ENDIF
2830	!
2831	!-- Condensation of precursor gases
2832	IF ( lscndgas ) THEN
2833	IF ( salsa_gases_from_chem ) THEN
2834	!
2835	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
2836	ig = gas_index_chem(1)
2837	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 / &
2838	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2839	!
2840	!-- HNO3
2841	ig = gas_index_chem(2)
2842	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 / &
2843	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2844	!
2845	!-- NH3
2846	ig = gas_index_chem(3)
2847	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 / &
2848	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2849	!
2850	!-- non-volatile OC
2851	ig = gas_index_chem(4)
2852	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv / &
2853	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2854	!
2855	!-- semi-volatile OC
2856	ig = gas_index_chem(5)
2857	chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) = chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv / &
2858	ppm_to_nconc(k) - chem_species(ig)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2859
2860	ELSE
2861	!
2862	!-- SO4 (or H2SO4)
2863	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgso4 - &
2864	salsa_gas(1)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2865	!
2866	!-- HNO3
2867	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zghno3 - &
2868	salsa_gas(2)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2869	!
2870	!-- NH3
2871	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgnh3 - &
2872	salsa_gas(3)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2873	!
2874	!-- non-volatile OC
2875	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocnv - &
2876	salsa_gas(4)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2877	!
2878	!-- semi-volatile OC
2879	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) = salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) + ( zgocsv - &
2880	salsa_gas(5)%conc(k,j,i) ) * flag
2881	ENDIF
2882	ENDIF
2883	!
2884	!-- Tendency of water vapour mixing ratio is obtained from the
2885	!-- change in RH during SALSA run. This releases heat and changes pt.
2886	!-- Assumes no temperature change during SALSA run.
2887	!-- q = r / (1+r), Euler method for integration
2888	!
2889	IF ( feedback_to_palm ) THEN
2890	q_p(k,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i) + 1.0_wp / ( in_cw(k) * in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 &
2891	( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) * flag
2892	pt_p(k,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i) + alv / c_p * ( in_cw(k) - cw_old ) * in_adn(k) / ( in_cw(k) / &
2893	in_adn(k) + 1.0_wp )*2 pt_p(k,j,i) / in_t(k) * flag
2894	ENDIF
2895
2896	ENDDO ! k
2897	!
2898	!-- Set surfaces and wall fluxes due to deposition
2899	IF ( lsdepo .AND. lsdepo_surf .AND. prunmode == 3 ) THEN
2900	IF ( .NOT. land_surface .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN
2901	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_h(0), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
2902	DO l = 0, 3
2903	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_def_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., l )
2904	ENDDO
2905	ELSE
2906	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
2907	DO l = 0, 3
2908	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_usm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., l )
2909	ENDDO
2910	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_h, vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .TRUE. )
2911	DO l = 0, 3
2912	CALL depo_surf( i, j, surf_lsm_v(l), vd, schmidt_num, kvis, in_u, .FALSE., l )
2913	ENDDO
2914	ENDIF
2915	ENDIF
2916
2917	END SUBROUTINE salsa_driver
2918
2919	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2920	! Description:
2921	! ------------
2922	!> Set logical switches according to the host model state and user-specified
2923	!> NAMELIST options.
2924	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014
2925	!> Only aerosol processes included, Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017
2926	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2927	SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime( prunmode )
2928
2929	IMPLICIT NONE
2930
2931	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: prunmode
2932
2933	SELECT CASE(prunmode)
2934
2935	CASE(1) !< Initialization
2936	lscoag = .FALSE.
2937	lscnd = .FALSE.
2938	lscndgas = .FALSE.
2939	lscndh2oae = .FALSE.
2940	lsdepo = .FALSE.
2941	lsdepo_pcm = .FALSE.
2942	lsdepo_surf = .FALSE.
2943	lsdistupdate = .TRUE.
2944	lspartition = .FALSE.
2945
2946	CASE(2) !< Spinup period
2947	lscoag = ( .FALSE. .AND. nlcoag )
2948	lscnd = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcnd )
2949	lscndgas = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndgas )
2950	lscndh2oae = ( .TRUE. .AND. nlcndh2oae )
2951
2952	CASE(3) !< Run
2953	lscoag = nlcoag
2954	lscnd = nlcnd
2955	lscndgas = nlcndgas
2956	lscndh2oae = nlcndh2oae
2957	lsdepo = nldepo
2958	lsdepo_pcm = nldepo_pcm
2959	lsdepo_surf = nldepo_surf
2960	lsdistupdate = nldistupdate
2961	END SELECT
2962
2963
2964	END SUBROUTINE set_salsa_runtime
2965
2966	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2967	! Description:
2968	! ------------
2969	!> Calculates the absolute temperature (using hydrostatic pressure), saturation
2970	!> vapour pressure and mixing ratio over water, relative humidity and air
2971	!> density needed in the SALSA model.
2972	!> NOTE, no saturation adjustment takes place -> the resulting water vapour
2973	!> mixing ratio can be supersaturated, allowing the microphysical calculations
2974	!> in SALSA.
2975	!
2976	!> Juha Tonttila, FMI, 2014 (original SALSAthrm)
2977	!> Mona Kurppa, UHel, 2017 (adjustment for PALM and only aerosol processes)
2978	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2979	SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij( i, j, p_ij, temp_ij, cw_ij, cs_ij, adn_ij )
2980
2981	USE arrays_3d, &
2982	ONLY: pt, q, zu
2983
2984	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
2985	ONLY: barometric_formula, exner_function, ideal_gas_law_rho, magnus
2986
2987	USE control_parameters, &
2988	ONLY: pt_surface, surface_pressure
2989
2990	IMPLICIT NONE
2991
2992	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !<
2993	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !<
2994
2995	REAL(wp) :: t_surface !< absolute surface temperature (K)
2996
2997	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: e_s !< saturation vapour pressure over water (Pa)
2998
2999	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: adn_ij !< air density (kg/m3)
3000	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: p_ij !< air pressure (Pa)
3001	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: temp_ij !< air temperature (K)
3002
3003	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cw_ij !< water vapour concentration (kg/m3)
3004	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout), OPTIONAL :: cs_ij !< saturation water vap. conc.(kg/m3)
3005	!
3006	!-- Pressure p_ijk (Pa) = hydrostatic pressure
3007	t_surface = pt_surface * exner_function( surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3008	p_ij(:) = barometric_formula( zu, t_surface, surface_pressure * 100.0_wp )
3009	!
3010	!-- Absolute ambient temperature (K)
3011	temp_ij(:) = pt(:,j,i) * exner_function( p_ij(:) )
3012	!
3013	!-- Air density
3014	adn_ij(:) = ideal_gas_law_rho( p_ij(:), temp_ij(:) )
3015	!
3016	!-- Water vapour concentration r_v (kg/m3)
3017	IF ( PRESENT( cw_ij ) ) THEN
3018	cw_ij(:) = ( q(:,j,i) / ( 1.0_wp - q(:,j,i) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3019	ENDIF
3020	!
3021	!-- Saturation mixing ratio r_s (kg/kg) from vapour pressure at temp (Pa)
3022	IF ( PRESENT( cs_ij ) ) THEN
3023	e_s(:) = 611.0_wp * EXP( alv_d_rv * ( 3.6609E-3_wp - 1.0_wp / &
3024	temp_ij(:) ) )! magnus( temp_ij(:) )
3025	cs_ij(:) = ( 0.622_wp * e_s / ( p_ij(:) - e_s(:) ) ) * adn_ij(:)
3026	ENDIF
3027
3028	END SUBROUTINE salsa_thrm_ij
3029
3030	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3031	! Description:
3032	! ------------
3033	!> Calculates ambient sizes of particles by equilibrating soluble fraction of
3034	!> particles with water using the ZSR method (Stokes and Robinson, 1966).
3035	!> Method:
3036	!> Following chemical components are assumed water-soluble
3037	!> - (ammonium) sulphate (100%)
3038	!> - sea salt (100 %)
3039	!> - organic carbon (epsoc * 100%)
3040	!> Exact thermodynamic considerations neglected.
3041	!> - If particles contain no sea salt, calculation according to sulphate
3042	!> properties
3043	!> - If contain sea salt but no sulphate, calculation according to sea salt
3044	!> properties
3045	!> - If contain both sulphate and sea salt -> the molar fraction of these
3046	!> compounds determines which one of them is used as the basis of calculation.
3047	!> If sulphate and sea salt coexist in a particle, it is assumed that the Cl is
3048	!> replaced by sulphate; thus only either sulphate + organics or sea salt +
3049	!> organics is included in the calculation of soluble fraction.
3050	!> Molality parameterizations taken from Table 1 of Tang: Thermodynamic and
3051	!> optical properties of mixed-salt aerosols of atmospheric importance,
3052	!> J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D2), 1883-1893 (1997)
3053	!
3054	!> Coded by:
3055	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
3056	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
3057	!> Matti Niskanen(FMI) 2012
3058	!> Anton Laakso (FMI) 2013
3059	!> Modified for the new aerosol datatype, Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
3060	!
3061	!> fxm: should sea salt form a solid particle when prh is very low (even though
3062	!> it could be mixed with e.g. sulphate)?
3063	!> fxm: crashes if no sulphate or sea salt
3064	!> fxm: do we really need to consider Kelvin effect for subrange 2
3065	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3066	SUBROUTINE equilibration( prh, ptemp, paero, init )
3067
3068	IMPLICIT NONE
3069
3070	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3071	INTEGER(iwp) :: counti !< loop index
3072
3073	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: init !< TRUE: Initialization, FALSE: Normal runtime: update water
3074	!< content only for 1a
3075
3076	REAL(wp) :: zaw !< water activity [0-1]
3077	REAL(wp) :: zcore !< Volume of dry particle
3078	REAL(wp) :: zdold !< Old diameter
3079	REAL(wp) :: zdwet !< Wet diameter or mean droplet diameter
3080	REAL(wp) :: zke !< Kelvin term in the KÃ¶hler equation
3081	REAL(wp) :: zlwc !< liquid water content [kg/m3-air]
3082	REAL(wp) :: zrh !< Relative humidity
3083
3084	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zbinmol !< binary molality of each components (mol/kg)
3085	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec) :: zvpart !< volume of chem. compounds in one particle
3086
3087	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: prh !< relative humidity [0-1]
3088	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptemp !< temperature (K)
3089
3090	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3091
3092	zaw = 0.0_wp
3093	zlwc = 0.0_wp
3094	!
3095	!-- Relative humidity:
3096	zrh = prh
3097	zrh = MAX( zrh, 0.05_wp )
3098	zrh = MIN( zrh, 0.98_wp)
3099	!
3100	!-- 1) Regime 1: sulphate and partly water-soluble OC. Done for every CALL
3101	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a ! size bin
3102
3103	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3104	zdold = 1.0_wp
3105	zke = 1.02_wp
3106
3107	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3108	!
3109	!-- Volume in one particle
3110	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3111	zvpart(1:2) = paero(ib)%volc(1:2) / paero(ib)%numc
3112	zvpart(6:7) = paero(ib)%volc(6:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3113	!
3114	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle
3115	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:2) )
3116	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3117
3118	counti = 0
3119	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-2_wp )
3120
3121	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3122	zaw = MAX( 1.0E-3_wp, zrh / zke ) ! To avoid underflow
3123	!
3124	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3125	!-- Sulphate
3126	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3127	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3128	!-- Organic carbon
3129	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3130	!-- Nitric acid
3131	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - 6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw**2 &
3132	+ 5.510176187E+2_wp * zaw*3 - 1.460055286E+3_wp zaw**4 &
3133	+ 1.894467542E+3_wp * zaw*5 - 1.220611402E+3_wp zaw**6 &
3134	+ 3.098597737E+2_wp * zaw**7
3135	!
3136	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air) using ZSR (see e.g. Eq. 10.98 in
3137	!-- Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3138	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3139	epsoc * paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3140	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3/amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6)
3141	!
3142	!-- Particle wet diameter (m)
3143	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3144	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3145	!
3146	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006)). Avoid
3147	!-- overflow.
3148	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * ptemp * zdwet ) ) )
3149
3150	counti = counti + 1
3151	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3152	message_string = 'Subrange 1: no convergence!'
3153	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0617', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3154	ENDIF
3155	ENDDO
3156	!
3157	!-- Instead of lwc, use the volume concentration of water from now on
3158	!-- (easy to convert...)
3159	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3160	!
3161	!-- If this is initialization, update the core and wet diameter
3162	IF ( init ) THEN
3163	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3164	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3165	ENDIF
3166
3167	ELSE
3168	!-- If initialization
3169	!-- 1.2) empty bins given bin average values
3170	IF ( init ) THEN
3171	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3172	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3173	ENDIF
3174
3175	ENDIF
3176
3177	ENDDO ! ib
3178	!
3179	!-- 2) Regime 2a: sulphate, OC, BC and sea salt
3180	!-- This is done only for initialization call, otherwise the water contents
3181	!-- are computed via condensation
3182	IF ( init ) THEN
3183	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2b
3184	!
3185	!-- Initialize
3186	zke = 1.02_wp
3187	zbinmol = 0.0_wp
3188	zdold = 1.0_wp
3189	!
3190	!-- 1) Particle properties calculated for non-empty bins
3191	IF ( paero(ib)%numc > nclim ) THEN
3192	!
3193	!-- Volume in one particle [fxm]
3194	zvpart = 0.0_wp
3195	zvpart(1:7) = paero(ib)%volc(1:7) / paero(ib)%numc
3196	!
3197	!-- Total volume and wet diameter of one dry particle [fxm]
3198	zcore = SUM( zvpart(1:5) )
3199	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3200
3201	counti = 0
3202	DO WHILE ( ABS( zdwet / zdold - 1.0_wp ) > 1.0E-12_wp )
3203
3204	zdold = MAX( zdwet, 1.0E-20_wp )
3205	zaw = zrh / zke
3206	!
3207	!-- Binary molalities (mol/kg):
3208	!-- Sulphate
3209	zbinmol(1) = 1.1065495E+2_wp - 3.6759197E+2_wp * zaw + 5.0462934E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3210	3.1543839E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 6.770824E+1_wp zaw**4
3211	!-- Organic carbon
3212	zbinmol(2) = 1.0_wp / ( zaw * amh2o ) - 1.0_wp / amh2o
3213	!-- Nitric acid
3214	zbinmol(6) = 2.306844303E+1_wp - 3.563608869E+1_wp * zaw - &
3215	6.210577919E+1_wp * zaw*2 + 5.510176187E+2_wp zaw**3 - &
3216	1.460055286E+3_wp * zaw*4 + 1.894467542E+3_wp zaw**5 - &
3217	1.220611402E+3_wp * zaw*6 + 3.098597737E+2_wp zaw**7
3218	!-- Sea salt (natrium chloride)
3219	zbinmol(5) = 5.875248E+1_wp - 1.8781997E+2_wp * zaw + 2.7211377E+2_wp * zaw**2 - &
3220	1.8458287E+2_wp * zaw*3 + 4.153689E+1_wp zaw**4
3221	!
3222	!-- Calculate the liquid water content (kg/m3-air)
3223	zlwc = ( paero(ib)%volc(1) * ( arhoh2so4 / amh2so4 ) ) / zbinmol(1) + &
3224	epsoc * ( paero(ib)%volc(2) * ( arhooc / amoc ) ) / zbinmol(2) + &
3225	( paero(ib)%volc(6) * ( arhohno3 / amhno3 ) ) / zbinmol(6) + &
3226	( paero(ib)%volc(5) * ( arhoss / amss ) ) / zbinmol(5)
3227
3228	!-- Particle wet radius (m)
3229	zdwet = ( zlwc / paero(ib)%numc / arhoh2o / api6 + ( SUM( zvpart(6:7) ) / api6 ) + &
3230	zcore / api6 )**0.33333333_wp
3231	!
3232	!-- Kelvin effect (Eq. 10.85 in Seinfeld and Pandis (2006))
3233	zke = EXP( MIN( 50.0_wp, 4.0_wp * surfw0 * amvh2so4 / ( abo * zdwet * ptemp ) ) )
3234
3235	counti = counti + 1
3236	IF ( counti > 1000 ) THEN
3237	message_string = 'Subrange 2: no convergence!'
3238	CALL message( 'salsa_mod: equilibration', 'PA0618', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
3239	ENDIF
3240	ENDDO
3241	!
3242	!-- Liquid water content; instead of LWC use the volume concentration
3243	paero(ib)%volc(8) = zlwc / arhoh2o
3244	paero(ib)%dwet = zdwet
3245	paero(ib)%core = zcore
3246
3247	ELSE
3248	!-- 2.2) empty bins given bin average values
3249	paero(ib)%dwet = paero(ib)%dmid
3250	paero(ib)%core = api6 * paero(ib)%dmid**3
3251	ENDIF
3252
3253	ENDDO ! ib
3254	ENDIF
3255
3256	END SUBROUTINE equilibration
3257
3258	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3259	!> Description:
3260	!> ------------
3261	!> Calculation of the settling velocity vc (m/s) per aerosol size bin and
3262	!> deposition on plant canopy (lsdepo_pcm).
3263	!
3264	!> Deposition is based on either the scheme presented in:
3265	!> Zhang et al. (2001), Atmos. Environ. 35, 549-560 (includes collection due to
3266	!> Brownian diffusion, impaction, interception and sedimentation; hereafter ZO1)
3267	!> OR
3268	!> Petroff & Zhang (2010), Geosci. Model Dev. 3, 753-769 (includes also
3269	!> collection due to turbulent impaction, hereafter P10)
3270	!
3271	!> Equation numbers refer to equation in Jacobson (2005): Fundamentals of
3272	!> Atmospheric Modeling, 2nd Edition.
3273	!
3274	!> Subroutine follows closely sedim_SALSA in UCLALES-SALSA written by Juha
3275	!> Tonttila (KIT/FMI) and Zubair Maalick (UEF).
3276	!> Rewritten to PALM by Mona Kurppa (UH), 2017.
3277	!
3278	!> Call for grid point i,j,k
3279	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3280
3281	SUBROUTINE deposition( paero, tk, adn, mag_u, lad, kvis, schmidt_num, vc )
3282
3283	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
3284	ONLY: cdc
3285
3286	IMPLICIT NONE
3287
3288	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3289
3290	REAL(wp) :: avis !< molecular viscocity of air (kg/(m*s))
3291	REAL(wp) :: Cc !< Cunningham slip-flow correction factor
3292	REAL(wp) :: Kn !< Knudsen number
3293	REAL(wp) :: lambda !< molecular mean free path (m)
3294	REAL(wp) :: mdiff !< particle diffusivity coefficient
3295	REAL(wp) :: pdn !< particle density (kg/m3)
3296	REAL(wp) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3297	REAL(wp) :: va !< thermal speed of an air molecule (m/s)
3298	REAL(wp) :: zdwet !< wet diameter (m)
3299
3300	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: adn !< air density (kg/m3)
3301	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3302	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3303	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: tk !< abs.temperature (K)
3304
3305	REAL(wp), INTENT(inout) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3306
3307	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3308	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(inout) :: vc !< critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity of
3309	!< an aerosol particle (m/s)
3310
3311	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3312	!
3313	!-- Initialise
3314	pdn = 1500.0_wp ! default value
3315	ustar = 0.0_wp
3316	!
3317	!-- Molecular viscosity of air (Eq. 4.54)
3318	avis = 1.8325E-5_wp * ( 416.16_wp / ( tk + 120.0_wp ) ) * ( tk / 296.16_wp )**1.5_wp
3319	!
3320	!-- Kinematic viscosity (Eq. 4.55)
3321	kvis = avis / adn
3322	!
3323	!-- Thermal velocity of an air molecule (Eq. 15.32)
3324	va = SQRT( 8.0_wp * abo * tk / ( pi * am_airmol ) )
3325	!
3326	!-- Mean free path (m) (Eq. 15.24)
3327	lambda = 2.0_wp * avis / ( adn * va )
3328
3329	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3330
3331	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3332	zdwet = paero(ib)%dwet
3333	!
3334	!-- Knudsen number (Eq. 15.23)
3335	Kn = MAX( 1.0E-2_wp, lambda / ( zdwet * 0.5_wp ) ) ! To avoid underflow
3336	!
3337	!-- Cunningham slip-flow correction (Eq. 15.30)
3338	Cc = 1.0_wp + Kn * ( 1.249_wp + 0.42_wp * EXP( -0.87_wp / Kn ) )
3339
3340	!-- Particle diffusivity coefficient (Eq. 15.29)
3341	mdiff = ( abo * tk * Cc ) / ( 3.0_wp * pi * avis * zdwet )
3342	!
3343	!-- Particle Schmidt number (Eq. 15.36)
3344	schmidt_num(ib) = kvis / mdiff
3345	!
3346	!-- Critical fall speed i.e. settling velocity (Eq. 20.4)
3347	vc(ib) = MIN( 1.0_wp, terminal_vel( 0.5_wp * zdwet, pdn, adn, avis, Cc) )
3348	!
3349	!-- Friction velocity for deposition on vegetation. Calculated following Prandtl (1925):
3350	IF ( lsdepo_pcm .AND. plant_canopy .AND. lad > 0.0_wp ) THEN
3351	ustar = SQRT( cdc ) * mag_u
3352	CALL depo_pcm( paero, ib, vc(ib), mag_u, ustar, kvis, schmidt_num(ib), lad )
3353	ENDIF
3354	ENDDO
3355
3356	END SUBROUTINE deposition
3357
3358	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3359	! Description:
3360	! ------------
3361	!> Calculate change in number and volume concentrations due to deposition on
3362	!> plant canopy.
3363	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3364	SUBROUTINE depo_pcm( paero, ib, vc, mag_u, ustar, kvis_a, schmidt_num, lad )
3365
3366	IMPLICIT NONE
3367
3368	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3369
3370	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: ib !< loop index
3371
3372	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3373	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3374	REAL(wp) :: depo !< deposition efficiency
3375	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3376	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3377	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3378	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3379	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3380	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3381	!< Table 3 in Z01
3382	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3383	REAL(wp) :: rs !< overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3384	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for smooth or bluff surfaces
3385	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3386	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3387	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3388	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3389	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3390
3391	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: kvis_a !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3392	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: lad !< leaf area density (m2/m3)
3393	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3394	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3395	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ustar !< friction velocity (m/s)
3396	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3397
3398	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< aerosol properties
3399	!
3400	!-- Initialise
3401	rs = 0.0_wp
3402	tau_plus = 0.0_wp
3403	v_bd = 0.0_wp
3404	v_im = 0.0_wp
3405	v_in = 0.0_wp
3406	v_it = 0.0_wp
3407
3408	IF ( depo_pcm_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
3409	!
3410	!-- Parameters for the land use category 'deciduous broadleaf trees'(Table 3)
3411	alpha = alpha_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3412	gamma = gamma_z01(depo_pcm_type_num)
3413	par_a = A_z01(depo_pcm_type_num, season) * 1.0E-3_wp
3414	!
3415	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3416	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_a )
3417	!
3418	!-- The overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles (Zhang et al., Eq. 5)
3419	rs = MAX( EPSILON( 1.0_wp ), ( 3.0_wp * ustar * EXP( -stokes_num*0.5_wp ) &
3420	( schmidt_num( -gamma ) + ( stokes_num / ( alpha + stokes_num ) )2 + &
3421	0.5_wp * ( paero(ib)%dwet / par_a )**2 ) ) )
3422
3423	depo = ( rs + vc ) * lad
3424
3425	ELSEIF ( depo_pcm_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
3426	!
3427	!-- vd = v_BD + v_IN + v_IM + v_IT + vc
3428	!-- Deposition efficiencies from Table 1. Constants from Table 2.
3429	par_l = l_p10(depo_pcm_type_num) * 0.01_wp
3430	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3431	c_interception = c_in_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3432	c_impaction = c_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3433	beta_im = beta_im_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3434	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(depo_pcm_type_num)
3435	!
3436	!-- Stokes number for vegetated surfaces (Seinfeld & Pandis (2006): Eq.19.24)
3437	stokes_num = vc * ustar / ( g * par_l )
3438	!
3439	!-- Non-dimensional relexation time of the particle on top of canopy
3440	tau_plus = vc * ustar*2 / ( kvis_a g )
3441	!
3442	!-- Brownian diffusion
3443	v_bd = mag_u * c_brownian_diff * schmidt_num*( -0.66666666_wp ) &
3444	( mag_u * par_l / kvis_a )**( -0.5_wp )
3445	!
3446	!-- Interception
3447	v_in = mag_u * c_interception * paero(ib)%dwet / par_l * ( 2.0_wp + LOG( 2.0_wp * par_l / &
3448	paero(ib)%dwet ) )
3449	!
3450	!-- Impaction: Petroff (2009) Eq. 18
3451	v_im = mag_u * c_impaction * ( stokes_num / ( stokes_num + beta_im ) )**2
3452	!
3453	!-- Turbulent impaction
3454	IF ( tau_plus < 20.0_wp ) THEN
3455	v_it = 2.5E-3_wp * c_turb_impaction * tau_plus**2
3456	ELSE
3457	v_it = c_turb_impaction
3458	ENDIF
3459
3460	depo = ( v_bd + v_in + v_im + v_it + vc ) * lad
3461
3462	ENDIF
3463	!
3464	!-- Calculate the change in concentrations
3465	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc - depo * paero(ib)%numc * dt_salsa
3466	DO ic = 1, maxspec+1
3467	paero(ib)%volc(ic) = paero(ib)%volc(ic) - depo * paero(ib)%volc(ic) * dt_salsa
3468	ENDDO
3469
3470	END SUBROUTINE depo_pcm
3471
3472	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3473	! Description:
3474	! ------------
3475	!> Calculate the dry deposition on horizontal and vertical surfaces. Implement
3476	!> as a surface flux.
3477	!> @todo aerodynamic resistance ignored for now (not important for
3478	! high-resolution simulations)
3479	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3480	SUBROUTINE depo_surf( i, j, surf, vc, schmidt_num, kvis, mag_u, norm, l )
3481
3482	USE arrays_3d, &
3483	ONLY: rho_air_zw
3484
3485	USE surface_mod, &
3486	ONLY: surf_type
3487
3488	IMPLICIT NONE
3489
3490	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3491	INTEGER(iwp) :: ic !< loop index
3492	INTEGER(iwp) :: icc !< additional loop index
3493	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
3494	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< loop index
3495	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_e !< End index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3496	INTEGER(iwp) :: surf_s !< Start index of surface elements at (j,i)-gridpoint
3497
3498	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: i !< loop index
3499	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in) :: j !< loop index
3500
3501	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(in), OPTIONAL :: l !< index variable for surface facing
3502
3503	LOGICAL, INTENT(in) :: norm !< to normalise or not
3504
3505	REAL(wp) :: alpha !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3506	REAL(wp) :: beta_im !< parameter for turbulent impaction
3507	REAL(wp) :: c_brownian_diff !< coefficient for Brownian diffusion
3508	REAL(wp) :: c_impaction !< coefficient for inertial impaction
3509	REAL(wp) :: c_interception !< coefficient for interception
3510	REAL(wp) :: c_turb_impaction !< coefficient for turbulent impaction
3511	REAL(wp) :: depo !< deposition efficiency
3512	REAL(wp) :: gamma !< parameter, Table 3 in Z01
3513	REAL(wp) :: norm_fac !< normalisation factor (usually air density)
3514	REAL(wp) :: par_a !< parameter A for the characteristic radius of collectors,
3515	!< Table 3 in Z01
3516	REAL(wp) :: par_l !< obstacle characteristic dimension in P10
3517	REAL(wp) :: rs !< the overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles
3518	REAL(wp) :: stokes_num !< Stokes number for bluff surface elements
3519	REAL(wp) :: tau_plus !< dimensionless particle relaxation time
3520	REAL(wp) :: v_bd !< deposition velocity due to Brownian diffusion
3521	REAL(wp) :: v_im !< deposition velocity due to impaction
3522	REAL(wp) :: v_in !< deposition velocity due to interception
3523	REAL(wp) :: v_it !< deposition velocity due to turbulent impaction
3524
3525	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: kvis !< kinematic viscosity of air (m2/s)
3526	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: mag_u !< wind velocity (m/s)
3527
3528	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: schmidt_num !< particle Schmidt number
3529	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: vc !< terminal velocity (m/s)
3530
3531	TYPE(surf_type), INTENT(inout) :: surf !< respective surface type
3532	!
3533	!-- Initialise
3534	rs = 0.0_wp
3535	surf_s = surf%start_index(j,i)
3536	surf_e = surf%end_index(j,i)
3537	tau_plus = 0.0_wp
3538	v_bd = 0.0_wp
3539	v_im = 0.0_wp
3540	v_in = 0.0_wp
3541	v_it = 0.0_wp
3542	!
3543	!-- Model parameters for the land use category. If LSM is applied, import
3544	!-- characteristics. Otherwise, apply surface type "urban".
3545	alpha = alpha_z01(luc_urban)
3546	gamma = gamma_z01(luc_urban)
3547	par_a = A_z01(luc_urban, season) * 1.0E-3_wp
3548
3549	par_l = l_p10(luc_urban) * 0.01_wp
3550	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10(luc_urban)
3551	c_interception = c_in_p10(luc_urban)
3552	c_impaction = c_im_p10(luc_urban)
3553	beta_im = beta_im_p10(luc_urban)
3554	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10(luc_urban)
3555
3556	DO m = surf_s, surf_e
3557	k = surf%k(m)
3558
3559	IF ( norm ) THEN
3560	norm_fac = rho_air_zw(k)
3561	IF ( land_surface ) THEN
3562	alpha = alpha_z01( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3563	beta_im = beta_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3564	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3565	c_impaction = c_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3566	c_interception = c_in_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3567	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3568	gamma = gamma_z01( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) )
3569	par_a = A_z01( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m), season ) * 1.0E-3_wp
3570	par_l = l_p10( lsm_to_depo_h%match(m) ) * 0.01_wp
3571	ENDIF
3572	ELSE
3573	norm_fac = 0.0_wp
3574	IF ( land_surface ) THEN
3575	alpha = alpha_z01( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3576	beta_im = beta_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3577	c_brownian_diff = c_b_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3578	c_impaction = c_im_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3579	c_interception = c_in_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3580	c_turb_impaction = c_it_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3581	gamma = gamma_z01( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) )
3582	par_a = A_z01( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m), season ) * 1.0E-3_wp
3583	par_l = l_p10( lsm_to_depo_v(l)%match(m) ) * 0.01_wp
3584	ENDIF
3585	ENDIF
3586
3587	DO ib = 1, nbins_aerosol
3588	IF ( aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) <= nclim .OR. schmidt_num(k+1,ib) < 1.0_wp ) CYCLE
3589
3590	IF ( depo_surf_par == 'zhang2001' ) THEN
3591	!
3592	!-- Stokes number for smooth surfaces or surfaces with bluff roughness
3593	!-- elements (Seinfeld and Pandis, 2nd edition (2006): Eq. 19.23)
3594	stokes_num = MAX( 0.01_wp, vc(k+1,ib) * surf%us(m)*2 / ( g kvis(k+1) ) )
3595	!
3596	!-- The overall quasi-laminar resistance for particles (Eq. 5)
3597	rs = MAX( EPSILON( 1.0_wp ), ( 3.0_wp * surf%us(m) * ( schmidt_num(k+1,ib)**( -gamma )&
3598	+ ( stokes_num / ( alpha + stokes_num ) )*2 + 0.5_wp ( ra_dry(k,j,i,ib) /&
3599	par_a )*2 ) EXP( -stokes_num**0.5_wp ) ) )
3600	depo = vc(k+1,ib) + rs
3601
3602	ELSEIF ( depo_surf_par == 'petroff2010' ) THEN
3603	!
3604	!-- vd = v_BD + v_IN + v_IM + v_IT + vc
3605	!
3606	!-- Stokes number for smooth surfaces or surfaces with bluff roughness
3607	!-- elements (Seinfeld and Pandis, 2nd edition (2006): Eq. 19.23)
3608	stokes_num = MAX( 0.01_wp, vc(k+1,ib) * surf%us(m)*2 / ( g kvis(k+1) ) )
3609	!
3610	!-- Non-dimensional relexation time of the particle on top of canopy
3611	tau_plus = vc(k+1,ib) * surf%us(m)*2 / ( kvis(k+1) g )
3612	!
3613	!-- Brownian diffusion
3614	v_bd = mag_u(k+1) * c_brownian_diff * schmidt_num(k+1,ib)*( -0.666666_wp ) &
3615	( mag_u(k+1) * par_l / kvis(k+1) )**( -0.5_wp )
3616	!
3617	!-- Interception
3618	v_in = mag_u(k+1) * c_interception * ra_dry(k,j,i,ib)/ par_l * &
3619	( 2.0_wp + LOG( 2.0_wp * par_l / ra_dry(k,j,i,ib) ) )
3620	!
3621	!-- Impaction: Petroff (2009) Eq. 18
3622	v_im = mag_u(k+1) * c_impaction * ( stokes_num / ( stokes_num + beta_im ) )**2
3623
3624	IF ( tau_plus < 20.0_wp ) THEN
3625	v_it = 2.5E-3_wp * c_turb_impaction * tau_plus**2
3626	ELSE
3627	v_it = c_turb_impaction
3628	ENDIF
3629	depo = v_bd + v_in + v_im + v_it + vc(k+1,ib)
3630
3631	ENDIF
3632	!
3633	!-- Calculate changes in surface fluxes due to dry deposition
3634	IF ( aero_emission_att%lod == 2 .OR. salsa_emission_mode == 'no_emission' ) THEN
3635	surf%answs(m,ib) = -depo * norm_fac * aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i)
3636	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
3637	icc = ( ic - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
3638	surf%amsws(m,icc) = -depo * norm_fac * aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(k,j,i)
3639	ENDDO ! ic
3640	ELSE
3641	surf%answs(m,ib) = aerosol_number(ib)%source(j,i) - &
3642	MAX( 0.0_wp, depo * norm_fac * aerosol_number(ib)%conc(k,j,i) )
3643	DO ic = 1, ncomponents_mass
3644	icc = ( ic - 1 ) * nbins_aerosol + ib
3645	surf%amsws(m,icc) = aerosol_mass(icc)%source(j,i) - &
3646	MAX( 0.0_wp, depo * norm_fac * aerosol_mass(icc)%conc(k,j,i) )
3647	ENDDO ! ic
3648	ENDIF
3649	ENDDO ! ib
3650	ENDDO ! m
3651
3652	END SUBROUTINE depo_surf
3653
3654	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3655	! Description:
3656	! ------------
3657	! Function for calculating terminal velocities for different particles sizes.
3658	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3659	REAL(wp) FUNCTION terminal_vel( radius, rhop, rhoa, visc, beta )
3660
3661	IMPLICIT NONE
3662
3663	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: beta !< Cunningham correction factor
3664	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: radius !< particle radius (m)
3665	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: rhop !< particle density (kg/m3)
3666	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: rhoa !< air density (kg/m3)
3667	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: visc !< molecular viscosity of air (kg/(m*s))
3668
3669	!
3670	!-- Stokes law with Cunningham slip correction factor
3671	terminal_vel = 4.0_wp * radius*2 ( rhop - rhoa ) * g * beta / ( 18.0_wp * visc ) ! (m/s)
3672
3673	END FUNCTION terminal_vel
3674
3675	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3676	! Description:
3677	! ------------
3678	!> Calculates particle loss and change in size distribution due to (Brownian)
3679	!> coagulation. Only for particles with dwet < 30 micrometres.
3680	!
3681	!> Method:
3682	!> Semi-implicit, non-iterative method: (Jacobson, 1994)
3683	!> Volume concentrations of the smaller colliding particles added to the bin of
3684	!> the larger colliding particles. Start from first bin and use the updated
3685	!> number and volume for calculation of following bins. NB! Our bin numbering
3686	!> does not follow particle size in subrange 2.
3687	!
3688	!> Schematic for bin numbers in different subranges:
3689	!> 1 2
3690	!> +-------------------------------------------+
3691	!> a \| 1 \| 2 \| 3 \|\| 4 \| 5 \| 6 \| 7 \| 8 \| 9 \| 10\|\|
3692	!> b \| \|\|11 \|12 \|13 \|14 \| 15 \| 16 \| 17\|\|
3693	!> +-------------------------------------------+
3694	!
3695	!> Exact coagulation coefficients for each pressure level are scaled according
3696	!> to current particle wet size (linear scaling).
3697	!> Bins are organized in terms of the dry size of the condensation nucleus,
3698	!> while coagulation kernell is calculated with the actual hydrometeor
3699	!> size.
3700	!
3701	!> Called from salsa_driver
3702	!> fxm: Process selection should be made smarter - now just lots of IFs inside
3703	!> loops
3704	!
3705	!> Coded by:
3706	!> Hannele Korhonen (FMI) 2005
3707	!> Harri Kokkola (FMI) 2006
3708	!> Tommi Bergman (FMI) 2012
3709	!> Matti Niskanen(FMI) 2012
3710	!> Anton Laakso (FMI) 2013
3711	!> Juha Tonttila (FMI) 2014
3712	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3713	SUBROUTINE coagulation( paero, ptstep, ptemp, ppres )
3714
3715	IMPLICIT NONE
3716
3717	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_2a !< corresponding bin in subrange 2a
3718	INTEGER(iwp) :: index_2b !< corresponding bin in subrange 2b
3719	INTEGER(iwp) :: ib !< loop index
3720	INTEGER(iwp) :: ll !< loop index
3721	INTEGER(iwp) :: mm !< loop index
3722	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !< loop index
3723
3724	REAL(wp) :: pressi !< pressure
3725	REAL(wp) :: temppi !< temperature
3726	REAL(wp) :: zdpart_mm !< diameter of particle (m)
3727	REAL(wp) :: zdpart_nn !< diameter of particle (m)
3728	REAL(wp) :: zminusterm !< coagulation loss in a bin (1/s)
3729
3730	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ppres !< ambient pressure (Pa)
3731	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptemp !< ambient temperature (K)
3732	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: ptstep !< time step (s)
3733
3734	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol) :: zmpart !< approximate mass of particles (kg)
3735	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(maxspec+1) :: zplusterm !< coagulation gain in a bin (for each
3736	!< chemical compound)
3737	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol,nbins_aerosol) :: zcc !< updated coagulation coefficients (m3/s)
3738
3739	TYPE(t_section), DIMENSION(nbins_aerosol), INTENT(inout) :: paero !< Aerosol properties
3740
3741	zdpart_mm = 0.0_wp
3742	zdpart_nn = 0.0_wp
3743	!
3744	!-- 1) Coagulation to coarse mode calculated in a simplified way:
3745	!-- CoagSink ~ Dp in continuum subrange, thus we calculate 'effective'
3746	!-- number concentration of coarse particles
3747
3748	!-- 2) Updating coagulation coefficients
3749	!
3750	!-- Aerosol mass (kg). Density of 1500 kg/m3 assumed
3751	zmpart(1:end_subrange_2b) = api6 * ( MIN( paero(1:end_subrange_2b)%dwet, 30.0E-6_wp )**3 ) &
3752	* 1500.0_wp
3753	temppi = ptemp
3754	pressi = ppres
3755	zcc = 0.0_wp
3756	!
3757	!-- Aero-aero coagulation
3758	DO mm = 1, end_subrange_2b ! smaller colliding particle
3759	IF ( paero(mm)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3760	DO nn = mm, end_subrange_2b ! larger colliding particle
3761	IF ( paero(nn)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3762
3763	zdpart_mm = MIN( paero(mm)%dwet, 30.0E-6_wp ) ! Limit to 30 um
3764	zdpart_nn = MIN( paero(nn)%dwet, 30.0E-6_wp ) ! Limit to 30 um
3765	!
3766	!-- Coagulation coefficient of particles (m3/s)
3767	zcc(mm,nn) = coagc( zdpart_mm, zdpart_nn, zmpart(mm), zmpart(nn), temppi, pressi )
3768	zcc(nn,mm) = zcc(mm,nn)
3769	ENDDO
3770	ENDDO
3771
3772	!
3773	!-- 3) New particle and volume concentrations after coagulation:
3774	!-- Calculated according to Jacobson (2005) eq. 15.9
3775	!
3776	!-- Aerosols in subrange 1a:
3777	DO ib = start_subrange_1a, end_subrange_1a
3778	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3779	zminusterm = 0.0_wp
3780	zplusterm(:) = 0.0_wp
3781	!
3782	!-- Particles lost by coagulation with larger aerosols
3783	DO ll = ib+1, end_subrange_2b
3784	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3785	ENDDO
3786	!
3787	!-- Coagulation gain in a bin: change in volume conc. (cm3/cm3):
3788	DO ll = start_subrange_1a, ib - 1
3789	zplusterm(1:2) = zplusterm(1:2) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:2)
3790	zplusterm(6:7) = zplusterm(6:7) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(6:7)
3791	zplusterm(8) = zplusterm(8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(8)
3792	ENDDO
3793	!
3794	!-- Volume and number concentrations after coagulation update [fxm]
3795	paero(ib)%volc(1:2) = ( paero(ib)%volc(1:2) + ptstep * zplusterm(1:2) * paero(ib)%numc ) / &
3796	( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3797	paero(ib)%volc(6:8) = ( paero(ib)%volc(6:8) + ptstep * zplusterm(6:8) * paero(ib)%numc ) / &
3798	( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3799	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc / ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm + 0.5_wp * ptstep * &
3800	zcc(ib,ib) * paero(ib)%numc )
3801	ENDDO
3802	!
3803	!-- Aerosols in subrange 2a:
3804	DO ib = start_subrange_2a, end_subrange_2a
3805	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3806	zminusterm = 0.0_wp
3807	zplusterm(:) = 0.0_wp
3808	!
3809	!-- Find corresponding size bin in subrange 2b
3810	index_2b = ib - start_subrange_2a + start_subrange_2b
3811	!
3812	!-- Particles lost by larger particles in 2a
3813	DO ll = ib+1, end_subrange_2a
3814	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3815	ENDDO
3816	!
3817	!-- Particles lost by larger particles in 2b
3818	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
3819	DO ll = index_2b+1, end_subrange_2b
3820	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3821	ENDDO
3822	ENDIF
3823	!
3824	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in subranges 1, 2a and 2b
3825	DO ll = start_subrange_1a, ib-1
3826	zplusterm(1:2) = zplusterm(1:2) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:2)
3827	zplusterm(6:8) = zplusterm(6:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(6:8)
3828	ENDDO
3829	!
3830	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in 2a
3831	!-- (Note, for components not included in the previous loop!)
3832	DO ll = start_subrange_2a, ib-1
3833	zplusterm(3:5) = zplusterm(3:5) + zcc(ll,ib)*paero(ll)%volc(3:5)
3834	ENDDO
3835	!
3836	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller (and equal) particles in 2b
3837	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
3838	DO ll = start_subrange_2b, index_2b
3839	zplusterm(1:8) = zplusterm(1:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:8)
3840	ENDDO
3841	ENDIF
3842	!
3843	!-- Volume and number concentrations after coagulation update [fxm]
3844	paero(ib)%volc(1:8) = ( paero(ib)%volc(1:8) + ptstep * zplusterm(1:8) * paero(ib)%numc ) / &
3845	( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3846	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc / ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm + 0.5_wp * ptstep * &
3847	zcc(ib,ib) * paero(ib)%numc )
3848	ENDDO
3849	!
3850	!-- Aerosols in subrange 2b:
3851	IF ( .NOT. no_insoluble ) THEN
3852	DO ib = start_subrange_2b, end_subrange_2b
3853	IF ( paero(ib)%numc < nclim ) CYCLE
3854	zminusterm = 0.0_wp
3855	zplusterm(:) = 0.0_wp
3856	!
3857	!-- Find corresponding size bin in subsubrange 2a
3858	index_2a = ib - start_subrange_2b + start_subrange_2a
3859	!
3860	!-- Particles lost to larger particles in subranges 2b
3861	DO ll = ib + 1, end_subrange_2b
3862	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3863	ENDDO
3864	!
3865	!-- Particles lost to larger and equal particles in 2a
3866	DO ll = index_2a, end_subrange_2a
3867	zminusterm = zminusterm + zcc(ib,ll) * paero(ll)%numc
3868	ENDDO
3869	!
3870	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in subranges 1 & 2a
3871	DO ll = start_subrange_1a, index_2a - 1
3872	zplusterm(1:8) = zplusterm(1:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:8)
3873	ENDDO
3874	!
3875	!-- Particle volume gained from smaller particles in 2b
3876	DO ll = start_subrange_2b, ib - 1
3877	zplusterm(1:8) = zplusterm(1:8) + zcc(ll,ib) * paero(ll)%volc(1:8)
3878	ENDDO
3879	!
3880	!-- Volume and number concentrations after coagulation update [fxm]
3881	paero(ib)%volc(1:8) = ( paero(ib)%volc(1:8) + ptstep * zplusterm(1:8) * paero(ib)%numc ) &
3882	/ ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm )
3883	paero(ib)%numc = paero(ib)%numc / ( 1.0_wp + ptstep * zminusterm + 0.5_wp * ptstep * &
3884	zcc(ib,ib) * paero(ib)%numc )
3885	ENDDO
3886	ENDIF
3887
3888	END SUBROUTINE coagulation
3889
3890	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3891	! Description:
3892	! ------------
3893	!> Calculation of coagulation coefficients. Extended version of the function
3894	!> originally found in mo_salsa_init.
3895	!
3896	!> J. Tonttila, FMI, 05/2014
3897	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3898	REAL(wp) FUNCTION coagc( diam1, diam2, mass1, mass2, temp, pres )
3899
3900	IMPLICIT NONE
3901
3902	REAL(wp) :: fmdist !< distance of flux matching (m)
3903	REAL(wp) :: knud_p !< particle Knudsen number
3904	REAL(wp) :: mdiam !< mean diameter of colliding particles (m)
3905	REAL(wp) :: mfp !< mean free path of air molecules (m)
3906	REAL(wp) :: visc !< viscosity of air (kg/(m s))
3907
3908	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diam1 !< diameter of colliding particle 1 (m)
3909	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: diam2 !< diameter of colliding particle 2 (m)
3910	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mass1 !< mass of colliding particle 1 (kg)
3911	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: mass2 !< mass of colliding particle 2 (kg)
3912	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: pres !< ambient pressure (Pa?) [fxm]
3913	REAL(wp), INTENT(in) :: temp !< ambient temperature (K)
3914
3915	REAL(wp), DIMENSION (2) :: beta !< Cunningham correction factor
3916	REAL(wp), DIMENSION (2) :: dfpart !< particle diffusion coefficient (m2/s)
3917	REAL(wp), DIMENSION (2) :: diam !< diameters of particles (m)
3918	REAL(wp), DIMENSION (2) :: flux !< flux in continuum and free molec. regime (m/s)