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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/lpm_init.f90 @ 1786

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1	!> @file lpm_init.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
6	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
7	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8	!
9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
10	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
11	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
12	!
13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
14	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
15	!
16	! Copyright 1997-2015 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
17	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
18	!
19	! Current revisions:
20	! -----------------
21	!
22	!
23	! Former revisions:
24	! -----------------
25	! $Id: lpm_init.f90 1784 2016-03-06 19:14:40Z raasch $
26	!
27	! 1783 2016-03-06 18:36:17Z raasch
28	! netcdf module added
29	!
30	! 1725 2015-11-17 13:01:51Z hoffmann
31	! Bugfix: Processor-dependent seed for random function is generated before it is
32	! used.
33	!
34	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
35	! Renamed prandtl_layer to constant_flux_layer.
36	!
37	! 1685 2015-10-08 07:32:13Z raasch
38	! bugfix concerning vertical index offset in case of ocean
39	!
40	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
41	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
42	!
43	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
44	! initial vertical particle position is allowed to follow the topography
45	!
46	! 1359 2014-04-11 17:15:14Z hoffmann
47	! New particle structure integrated.
48	! Kind definition added to all floating point numbers.
49	! lpm_init changed form a subroutine to a module.
50	!
51	! 1327 2014-03-21 11:00:16Z raasch
52	! -netcdf_output
53	!
54	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
55	! REAL functions provided with KIND-attribute
56	!
57	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
58	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
59	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
60	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
61	! revision history before 2012 removed,
62	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
63	! all variable declaration statements
64	! bugfix: #if defined( __parallel ) added
65	!
66	! 1314 2014-03-14 18:25:17Z suehring
67	! Vertical logarithmic interpolation of horizontal particle speed for particles
68	! between roughness height and first vertical grid level.
69	!
70	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
71	! unused variables removed
72	!
73	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
74	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
75	!
76	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
77	! routine renamed: init_particles -> lpm_init
78	! de_dx, de_dy, de_dz are allocated here (instead of automatic arrays in
79	! advec_particles),
80	! sort_particles renamed lpm_sort_arrays, user_init_particles renamed lpm_init
81	!
82	! 828 2012-02-21 12:00:36Z raasch
83	! call of init_kernels, particle feature color renamed class
84	!
85	! 824 2012-02-17 09:09:57Z raasch
86	! particle attributes speed_x\|y\|z_sgs renamed rvar1\|2\|3,
87	! array particles implemented as pointer
88	!
89	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
90	! nxl-1, nxr+1, nys-1, nyn+1 replaced by nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng for allocation
91	! of arrays.
92	!
93	! Revision 1.1 1999/11/25 16:22:38 raasch
94	! Initial revision
95	!
96	!
97	! Description:
98	! ------------
99	!> This routine initializes a set of particles and their attributes (position,
100	!> radius, ..) which are used by the Lagrangian particle model (see lpm).
101	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
102	MODULE lpm_init_mod
103
104
105	USE arrays_3d, &
106	ONLY: de_dx, de_dy, de_dz, zu, zw, z0
107
108	USE cloud_parameters, &
109	ONLY: curvature_solution_effects
110
111	USE control_parameters, &
112	ONLY: cloud_droplets, constant_flux_layer, current_timestep_number, &
113	dz, initializing_actions, message_string, ocean, simulated_time
114
115	USE dvrp_variables, &
116	ONLY: particle_color, particle_dvrpsize
117
118	USE grid_variables, &
119	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
120
121	USE indices, &
122	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxrg, nxr, ny, nyn, nys, nyng, nysg, nz, nzb, &
123	nzb_w_inner, nzt
124
125	USE kinds
126
127	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
128	ONLY: init_kernels
129
130	USE netcdf_interface, &
131	ONLY: netcdf_data_format
132
133	USE particle_attributes, &
134	ONLY: alloc_factor, bc_par_b, bc_par_lr, bc_par_ns, bc_par_t, &
135	block_offset, block_offset_def, collision_kernel, &
136	density_ratio, dvrp_psize, grid_particles, &
137	initial_weighting_factor, ibc_par_b, ibc_par_lr, ibc_par_ns, &
138	ibc_par_t, iran_part, log_z_z0, &
139	max_number_of_particle_groups, maximum_number_of_particles, &
140	maximum_number_of_tailpoints, maximum_number_of_tails, &
141	minimum_tailpoint_distance, min_nr_particle, &
142	mpi_particle_type, new_tail_id, &
143	number_of_initial_tails, number_of_particles, &
144	number_of_particle_groups, number_of_sublayers, &
145	number_of_tails, offset_ocean_nzt, offset_ocean_nzt_m1, &
146	particles, particle_advection_start, particle_groups, &
147	particle_groups_type, particles_per_point, &
148	particle_tail_coordinates, particle_type, pdx, pdy, pdz, &
149	prt_count, psb, psl, psn, psr, pss, pst, &
150	radius, random_start_position, read_particles_from_restartfile,&
151	seed_follows_topography, skip_particles_for_tail, sort_count, &
152	tail_mask, total_number_of_particles, total_number_of_tails, &
153	use_particle_tails, use_sgs_for_particles, &
154	write_particle_statistics, uniform_particles, zero_particle, &
155	z0_av_global
156
157	USE pegrid
158
159	USE random_function_mod, &
160	ONLY: random_function
161
162	IMPLICIT NONE
163
164	PRIVATE
165
166	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: PHASE_INIT = 1 !<
167	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER, PUBLIC :: PHASE_RELEASE = 2 !<
168
169	INTERFACE lpm_init
170	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_init
171	END INTERFACE lpm_init
172
173	INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
174	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_create_particle
175	END INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
176
177	PUBLIC lpm_init, lpm_create_particle
178
179	CONTAINS
180
181	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
182	! Description:
183	! ------------
184	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
185	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
186	SUBROUTINE lpm_init
187
188	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
189	ONLY: init_kernels
190
191	IMPLICIT NONE
192
193	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
194	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !<
195	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
196	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !<
197	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
198	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !<
199	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !<
200	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !<
201
202	#if defined( __parallel )
203	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: blocklengths !<
204	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: displacements !<
205	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: types !<
206	#endif
207	LOGICAL :: uniform_particles_l !<
208
209	REAL(wp) :: height_int !<
210	REAL(wp) :: height_p !<
211	REAL(wp) :: z_p !<
212	REAL(wp) :: z0_av_local !<
213
214	#if defined( __parallel )
215	!
216	!-- Define MPI derived datatype for FORTRAN datatype particle_type (see module
217	!-- particle_attributes). Integer length is 4 byte, Real is 8 byte
218	#if defined( __twocachelines )
219	blocklengths(1) = 7; blocklengths(2) = 18; blocklengths(3) = 1
220	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 64; displacements(3) = 128
221
222	types(1) = MPI_REAL ! 64 bit words
223	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER ! 32 Bit words
224	types(3) = MPI_UB
225	#else
226	blocklengths(1) = 19; blocklengths(2) = 6; blocklengths(3) = 1
227	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 152; displacements(3) = 176
228
229	types(1) = MPI_REAL
230	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER
231	types(3) = MPI_UB
232	#endif
233	CALL MPI_TYPE_STRUCT( 3, blocklengths, displacements, types, &
234	mpi_particle_type, ierr )
235	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( mpi_particle_type, ierr )
236	#endif
237
238	!
239	!-- In case of oceans runs, the vertical index calculations need an offset,
240	!-- because otherwise the k indices will become negative
241	IF ( ocean ) THEN
242	offset_ocean_nzt = nzt
243	offset_ocean_nzt_m1 = nzt - 1
244	ENDIF
245
246	!
247	!-- Define block offsets for dividing a gridcell in 8 sub cells
248
249	block_offset(0) = block_offset_def (-1,-1,-1)
250	block_offset(1) = block_offset_def (-1,-1, 0)
251	block_offset(2) = block_offset_def (-1, 0,-1)
252	block_offset(3) = block_offset_def (-1, 0, 0)
253	block_offset(4) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1,-1)
254	block_offset(5) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1, 0)
255	block_offset(6) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0,-1)
256	block_offset(7) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0, 0)
257	!
258	!-- Check the number of particle groups.
259	IF ( number_of_particle_groups > max_number_of_particle_groups ) THEN
260	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'max_number_of_particle_groups =', &
261	max_number_of_particle_groups , &
262	'&number_of_particle_groups reset to ', &
263	max_number_of_particle_groups
264	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0213', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
265	number_of_particle_groups = max_number_of_particle_groups
266	ENDIF
267
268	!
269	!-- Set default start positions, if necessary
270	IF ( psl(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(1) = -0.5_wp * dx
271	IF ( psr(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(1) = ( nx + 0.5_wp ) * dx
272	IF ( pss(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(1) = -0.5_wp * dy
273	IF ( psn(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(1) = ( ny + 0.5_wp ) * dy
274	IF ( psb(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(1) = zu(nz/2)
275	IF ( pst(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(1) = psb(1)
276
277	IF ( pdx(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(1) = dx
278	IF ( pdy(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(1) = dy
279	IF ( pdz(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(1) = zu(2) - zu(1)
280
281	DO j = 2, number_of_particle_groups
282	IF ( psl(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(j) = psl(j-1)
283	IF ( psr(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(j) = psr(j-1)
284	IF ( pss(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(j) = pss(j-1)
285	IF ( psn(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(j) = psn(j-1)
286	IF ( psb(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(j) = psb(j-1)
287	IF ( pst(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(j) = pst(j-1)
288	IF ( pdx(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(j) = pdx(j-1)
289	IF ( pdy(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(j) = pdy(j-1)
290	IF ( pdz(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(j) = pdz(j-1)
291	ENDDO
292
293	!
294	!-- Allocate arrays required for calculating particle SGS velocities
295	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles ) THEN
296	ALLOCATE( de_dx(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
297	de_dy(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
298	de_dz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
299	ENDIF
300
301	!
302	!-- Allocate array required for logarithmic vertical interpolation of
303	!-- horizontal particle velocities between the surface and the first vertical
304	!-- grid level. In order to avoid repeated CPU cost-intensive CALLS of
305	!-- intrinsic FORTRAN procedure LOG(z/z0), LOG(z/z0) is precalculated for
306	!-- several heights. Splitting into 20 sublayers turned out to be sufficient.
307	!-- To obtain exact height levels of particles, linear interpolation is applied
308	!-- (see lpm_advec.f90).
309	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
310
311	ALLOCATE ( log_z_z0(0:number_of_sublayers) )
312	z_p = zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb)
313
314	!
315	!-- Calculate horizontal mean value of z0 used for logartihmic
316	!-- interpolation. Note: this is not exact for heterogeneous z0.
317	!-- However, sensitivity studies showed that the effect is
318	!-- negligible.
319	z0_av_local = SUM( z0(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
320	z0_av_global = 0.0_wp
321
322	#if defined( __parallel )
323	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(z0_av_local, z0_av_global, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
324	comm2d, ierr )
325	#else
326	z0_av_global = z0_av_local
327	#endif
328
329	z0_av_global = z0_av_global / ( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx + 1 ) )
330	!
331	!-- Horizontal wind speed is zero below and at z0
332	log_z_z0(0) = 0.0_wp
333	!
334	!-- Calculate vertical depth of the sublayers
335	height_int = ( z_p - z0_av_global ) / REAL( number_of_sublayers, KIND=wp )
336	!
337	!-- Precalculate LOG(z/z0)
338	height_p = 0.0_wp
339	DO k = 1, number_of_sublayers
340
341	height_p = height_p + height_int
342	log_z_z0(k) = LOG( height_p / z0_av_global )
343
344	ENDDO
345
346
347	ENDIF
348
349	!
350	!-- Check boundary condition and set internal variables
351	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_b )
352
353	CASE ( 'absorb' )
354	ibc_par_b = 1
355
356	CASE ( 'reflect' )
357	ibc_par_b = 2
358
359	CASE DEFAULT
360	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
361	'bc_par_b = "', TRIM( bc_par_b ), '"'
362	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0217', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
363
364	END SELECT
365	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_t )
366
367	CASE ( 'absorb' )
368	ibc_par_t = 1
369
370	CASE ( 'reflect' )
371	ibc_par_t = 2
372
373	CASE DEFAULT
374	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
375	'bc_par_t = "', TRIM( bc_par_t ), '"'
376	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0218', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
377
378	END SELECT
379	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_lr )
380
381	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
382	ibc_par_lr = 0
383
384	CASE ( 'absorb' )
385	ibc_par_lr = 1
386
387	CASE ( 'reflect' )
388	ibc_par_lr = 2
389
390	CASE DEFAULT
391	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
392	'bc_par_lr = "', TRIM( bc_par_lr ), '"'
393	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0219', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
394
395	END SELECT
396	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_ns )
397
398	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
399	ibc_par_ns = 0
400
401	CASE ( 'absorb' )
402	ibc_par_ns = 1
403
404	CASE ( 'reflect' )
405	ibc_par_ns = 2
406
407	CASE DEFAULT
408	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
409	'bc_par_ns = "', TRIM( bc_par_ns ), '"'
410	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0220', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
411
412	END SELECT
413
414	!
415	!-- Initialize collision kernels
416	IF ( collision_kernel /= 'none' ) CALL init_kernels
417
418	!
419	!-- For the first model run of a possible job chain initialize the
420	!-- particles, otherwise read the particle data from restart file.
421	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' &
422	.AND. read_particles_from_restartfile ) THEN
423
424	CALL lpm_read_restart_file
425
426	ELSE
427
428	!
429	!-- Allocate particle arrays and set attributes of the initial set of
430	!-- particles, which can be also periodically released at later times.
431	!-- Also allocate array for particle tail coordinates, if needed.
432	ALLOCATE( prt_count(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
433	grid_particles(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
434
435	maximum_number_of_particles = 0
436	number_of_particles = 0
437
438	sort_count = 0
439	prt_count = 0
440
441	!
442	!-- Initialize all particles with dummy values (otherwise errors may
443	!-- occur within restart runs). The reason for this is still not clear
444	!-- and may be presumably caused by errors in the respective user-interface.
445	#if defined( __twocachelines )
446	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, &
447	0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
448	0, .FALSE., 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
449	0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, &
450	0.0_sp, 0, 0, 0, -1)
451	#else
452	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
453	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
454	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
455	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0, 0, 0, &
456	0, .FALSE., -1)
457	#endif
458	particle_groups = particle_groups_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp )
459
460	!
461	!-- Set the default particle size used for dvrp plots
462	IF ( dvrp_psize == 9999999.9_wp ) dvrp_psize = 0.2_wp * dx
463
464	!
465	!-- Set values for the density ratio and radius for all particle
466	!-- groups, if necessary
467	IF ( density_ratio(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) density_ratio(1) = 0.0_wp
468	IF ( radius(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(1) = 0.0_wp
469	DO i = 2, number_of_particle_groups
470	IF ( density_ratio(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
471	density_ratio(i) = density_ratio(i-1)
472	ENDIF
473	IF ( radius(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(i) = radius(i-1)
474	ENDDO
475
476	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
477	IF ( density_ratio(i) /= 0.0_wp .AND. radius(i) == 0 ) THEN
478	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'particle group #', i, 'has a', &
479	'density ratio /= 0 but radius = 0'
480	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0215', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
481	ENDIF
482	particle_groups(i)%density_ratio = density_ratio(i)
483	particle_groups(i)%radius = radius(i)
484	ENDDO
485
486	!
487	!-- Set a seed value for the random number generator to be exclusively
488	!-- used for the particle code. The generated random numbers should be
489	!-- different on the different PEs.
490	iran_part = iran_part + myid
491
492	CALL lpm_create_particle (PHASE_INIT)
493
494	!
495	!-- User modification of initial particles
496	CALL user_lpm_init
497
498	!
499	!-- Open file for statistical informations about particle conditions
500	IF ( write_particle_statistics ) THEN
501	CALL check_open( 80 )
502	WRITE ( 80, 8000 ) current_timestep_number, simulated_time, &
503	number_of_particles, &
504	maximum_number_of_particles
505	CALL close_file( 80 )
506	ENDIF
507
508	!
509	!-- Check if particles are really uniform in color and radius (dvrp_size)
510	!-- (uniform_particles is preset TRUE)
511	IF ( uniform_particles ) THEN
512	DO ip = nxl, nxr
513	DO jp = nys, nyn
514	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
515
516	n = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
517	IF ( MINVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) == &
518	MAXVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) .AND. &
519	MINVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%class ) == &
520	MAXVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%class ) ) THEN
521	uniform_particles_l = .TRUE.
522	ELSE
523	uniform_particles_l = .FALSE.
524	ENDIF
525
526	ENDDO
527	ENDDO
528	ENDDO
529
530	#if defined( __parallel )
531	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
532	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( uniform_particles_l, uniform_particles, 1, &
533	MPI_LOGICAL, MPI_LAND, comm2d, ierr )
534	#else
535	uniform_particles = uniform_particles_l
536	#endif
537
538	ENDIF
539
540	!
541	!-- Particles will probably become none-uniform, if their size and color
542	!-- will be determined by flow variables
543	IF ( particle_color /= 'none' .OR. particle_dvrpsize /= 'none' ) THEN
544	uniform_particles = .FALSE.
545	ENDIF
546
547	! !kk Not implemented aft individual particle array fort every gridcell
548	! !
549	! !-- Set the beginning of the particle tails and their age
550	! IF ( use_particle_tails ) THEN
551	! !
552	! !-- Choose the maximum number of tails with respect to the maximum number
553	! !-- of particles and skip_particles_for_tail
554	! maximum_number_of_tails = maximum_number_of_particles / &
555	! skip_particles_for_tail
556	!
557	! !
558	! !-- Create a minimum number of tails in case that there is no tail
559	! !-- initially (otherwise, index errors will occur when adressing the
560	! !-- arrays below)
561	! IF ( maximum_number_of_tails == 0 ) maximum_number_of_tails = 10
562	!
563	! ALLOCATE( particle_tail_coordinates(maximum_number_of_tailpoints,5, &
564	! maximum_number_of_tails), &
565	! new_tail_id(maximum_number_of_tails), &
566	! tail_mask(maximum_number_of_tails) )
567	!
568	! particle_tail_coordinates = 0.0_wp
569	! minimum_tailpoint_distance = minimum_tailpoint_distance**2
570	! number_of_initial_tails = number_of_tails
571	!
572	! nn = 0
573	! DO n = 1, number_of_particles
574	! !
575	! !-- Only for those particles marked above with a provisional tail_id
576	! !-- tails will be created. Particles now get their final tail_id.
577	! IF ( particles(n)%tail_id /= 0 ) THEN
578	!
579	! nn = nn + 1
580	! particles(n)%tail_id = nn
581	!
582	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
583	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
584	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
585	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
586	! particles(n)%tailpoints = 1
587	! IF ( minimum_tailpoint_distance /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
588	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
589	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
590	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
591	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
592	! particle_tail_coordinates(1:2,5,nn) = 0.0_wp
593	! particles(n)%tailpoints = 2
594	! ENDIF
595	!
596	! ENDIF
597	! ENDDO
598	! ENDIF
599	!
600	! !
601	! !-- Plot initial positions of particles (only if particle advection is
602	! !-- switched on from the beginning of the simulation (t=0))
603	! IF ( particle_advection_start == 0.0_wp ) CALL data_output_dvrp
604
605	ENDIF
606
607	!
608	!-- To avoid programm abort, assign particles array to the local version of
609	!-- first grid cell
610	number_of_particles = prt_count(nzb+1,nys,nxl)
611	particles => grid_particles(nzb+1,nys,nxl)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
612
613	!
614	!-- Formats
615	8000 FORMAT (I6,1X,F7.2,4X,I10,71X,I10)
616
617	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init
618
619	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
620	! Description:
621	! ------------
622	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
623	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
624	SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle (phase)
625
626	USE lpm_exchange_horiz_mod, &
627	ONLY: lpm_exchange_horiz, lpm_move_particle, realloc_particles_array
628
629	USE lpm_pack_arrays_mod, &
630	ONLY: lpm_pack_all_arrays
631
632	IMPLICIT NONE
633
634	INTEGER(iwp) :: alloc_size !<
635	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
636	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !<
637	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
638	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !<
639	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !<
640	INTEGER(iwp) :: loop_stride !<
641	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !<
642	INTEGER(iwp) :: new_size !<
643	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !<
644
645	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: phase !<
646
647	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_count !<
648	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_start !<
649
650	LOGICAL :: first_stride !<
651
652	REAL(wp) :: pos_x !<
653	REAL(wp) :: pos_y !<
654	REAL(wp) :: pos_z !<
655
656	TYPE(particle_type),TARGET :: tmp_particle !<
657
658	!
659	!-- Calculate particle positions and store particle attributes, if
660	!-- particle is situated on this PE
661	DO loop_stride = 1, 2
662	first_stride = (loop_stride == 1)
663	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
664	local_count = 0 ! count number of particles
665	ELSE
666	local_count = prt_count ! Start address of new particles
667	ENDIF
668
669	n = 0
670	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
671
672	pos_z = psb(i)
673
674	DO WHILE ( pos_z <= pst(i) )
675
676	pos_y = pss(i)
677
678	DO WHILE ( pos_y <= psn(i) )
679
680	IF ( pos_y >= ( nys - 0.5_wp ) * dy .AND. &
681	pos_y < ( nyn + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) THEN
682
683	pos_x = psl(i)
684
685	xloop: DO WHILE ( pos_x <= psr(i) )
686
687	IF ( pos_x >= ( nxl - 0.5_wp ) * dx .AND. &
688	pos_x < ( nxr + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) THEN
689
690	DO j = 1, particles_per_point
691
692	n = n + 1
693	#if defined( __twocachelines )
694	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
695	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
696	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
697	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_sp
698	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_sp
699	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
700	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = dvrp_psize
701	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_sp
702	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
703	!
704	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
705	!-- for Rosenbrock method
706	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-12_wp
707	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 1.0E-3_wp
708	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp
709	ELSE
710	!
711	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
712	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
713	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
714	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
715	ENDIF
716	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_sp
717	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_sp
718	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_sp
719	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
720	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
721	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
722	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
723	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
724	tmp_particle%class = 1
725	tmp_particle%group = i
726	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0
727	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
728	#else
729	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
730	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
731	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
732	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_wp
733	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_wp
734	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
735	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = dvrp_psize
736	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_wp
737	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
738	!
739	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
740	!-- for Rosenbrock method
741	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-12_wp
742	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 1.0E-3_wp
743	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp
744	ELSE
745	!
746	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
747	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
748	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
749	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
750	ENDIF
751	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_wp
752	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_wp
753	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_wp
754	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
755	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
756	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
757	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
758	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
759	tmp_particle%class = 1
760	tmp_particle%group = i
761	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0
762	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
763	#endif
764	IF ( use_particle_tails .AND. &
765	MOD( n, skip_particles_for_tail ) == 0 ) THEN
766	number_of_tails = number_of_tails + 1
767	!
768	!-- This is a temporary provisional setting (see
769	!-- further below!)
770	tmp_particle%tail_id = number_of_tails
771	ELSE
772	tmp_particle%tail_id = 0
773	ENDIF
774	!
775	!-- Determine the grid indices of the particle position
776	ip = ( tmp_particle%x + 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
777	jp = ( tmp_particle%y + 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
778	kp = tmp_particle%z / dz + 1 + offset_ocean_nzt
779
780	IF ( seed_follows_topography ) THEN
781	!
782	!-- Particle height is given relative to topography
783	kp = kp + nzb_w_inner(jp,ip)
784	tmp_particle%z = tmp_particle%z + zw(kp)
785	IF ( kp > nzt ) THEN
786	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
787	CYCLE xloop
788	ENDIF
789	ENDIF
790
791	local_count(kp,jp,ip) = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + 1
792	IF ( .NOT. first_stride ) THEN
793	IF ( ip < nxl .OR. jp < nys .OR. kp < nzb+1 ) THEN
794	write(6,*) 'xl ',ip,jp,kp,nxl,nys,nzb+1
795	ENDIF
796	IF ( ip > nxr .OR. jp > nyn .OR. kp > nzt ) THEN
797	write(6,*) 'xu ',ip,jp,kp,nxr,nyn,nzt
798	ENDIF
799	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(local_count(kp,jp,ip)) = tmp_particle
800	ENDIF
801	ENDDO
802
803	ENDIF
804
805	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
806
807	ENDDO xloop
808
809	ENDIF
810
811	pos_y = pos_y + pdy(i)
812
813	ENDDO
814
815	pos_z = pos_z + pdz(i)
816
817	ENDDO
818
819	ENDDO
820
821	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
822	DO ip = nxl, nxr
823	DO jp = nys, nyn
824	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
825	IF ( phase == PHASE_INIT ) THEN
826	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
827	alloc_size = MAX( INT( local_count(kp,jp,ip) * &
828	( 1.0_wp + alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), &
829	min_nr_particle )
830	ELSE
831	alloc_size = min_nr_particle
832	ENDIF
833	ALLOCATE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:alloc_size))
834	DO n = 1, alloc_size
835	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(n) = zero_particle
836	ENDDO
837	ELSEIF ( phase == PHASE_RELEASE ) THEN
838	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
839	new_size = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
840	alloc_size = MAX( INT( new_size * ( 1.0_wp + &
841	alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), min_nr_particle )
842	IF( alloc_size > SIZE( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles) ) THEN
843	CALL realloc_particles_array(ip,jp,kp,alloc_size)
844	ENDIF
845	ENDIF
846	ENDIF
847	ENDDO
848	ENDDO
849	ENDDO
850	ENDIF
851	ENDDO
852
853	local_start = prt_count+1
854	prt_count = local_count
855	!
856	!-- Add random fluctuation to particle positions
857	IF ( random_start_position ) THEN
858	DO ip = nxl, nxr
859	DO jp = nys, nyn
860	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
861	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
862	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
863	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
864
865	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !Move only new particles
866	IF ( psl(particles(n)%group) /= psr(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
867	particles(n)%x = particles(n)%x + &
868	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
869	pdx(particles(n)%group)
870	ENDIF
871	IF ( pss(particles(n)%group) /= psn(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
872	particles(n)%y = particles(n)%y + &
873	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
874	pdy(particles(n)%group)
875	ENDIF
876	IF ( psb(particles(n)%group) /= pst(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
877	particles(n)%z = particles(n)%z + &
878	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
879	pdz(particles(n)%group)
880	ENDIF
881	ENDDO
882	!
883	!-- Identify particles located outside the model domain
884	CALL lpm_boundary_conds( 'bottom/top' )
885	ENDDO
886	ENDDO
887	ENDDO
888	!
889	!-- Exchange particles between grid cells and processors
890	CALL lpm_move_particle
891	CALL lpm_exchange_horiz
892
893	ENDIF
894	!
895	!-- In case of random_start_position, delete particles identified by
896	!-- lpm_exchange_horiz and lpm_boundary_conds. Then sort particles into blocks,
897	!-- which is needed for a fast interpolation of the LES fields on the particle
898	!-- position.
899	CALL lpm_pack_all_arrays
900
901	!
902	!-- Determine maximum number of particles (i.e., all possible particles that
903	!-- have been allocated) and the current number of particles
904	DO ip = nxl, nxr
905	DO jp = nys, nyn
906	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
907	maximum_number_of_particles = maximum_number_of_particles &
908	+ SIZE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles)
909	number_of_particles = number_of_particles &
910	+ prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
911	ENDDO
912	ENDDO
913	ENDDO
914	!
915	!-- Calculate the number of particles and tails of the total domain
916	#if defined( __parallel )
917	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
918	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_particles, total_number_of_particles, 1, &
919	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
920	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
921	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_tails, total_number_of_tails, 1, &
922	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
923	#else
924	total_number_of_particles = number_of_particles
925	total_number_of_tails = number_of_tails
926	#endif
927
928	RETURN
929
930	END SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle
931
932	END MODULE lpm_init_mod

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