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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/lpm_init.f90 @ 1783

Last change on this file since 1783 was 1783, checked in by raasch, 8 years ago
NetCDF routines modularized; new parameter netcdf_deflate; further changes in the pmc
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 36.5 KB

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1	!> @file lpm_init.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
6	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
7	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8	!
9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
10	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
11	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
12	!
13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
14	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
15	!
16	! Copyright 1997-2015 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
17	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
18	!
19	! Current revisions:
20	! -----------------
21	! netcdf module added
22	!
23	! Former revisions:
24	! -----------------
25	! $Id: lpm_init.f90 1783 2016-03-06 18:36:17Z raasch $
26	!
27	! 1725 2015-11-17 13:01:51Z hoffmann
28	! Bugfix: Processor-dependent seed for random function is generated before it is
29	! used.
30	!
31	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
32	! Renamed prandtl_layer to constant_flux_layer.
33	!
34	! 1685 2015-10-08 07:32:13Z raasch
35	! bugfix concerning vertical index offset in case of ocean
36	!
37	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
38	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
39	!
40	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
41	! initial vertical particle position is allowed to follow the topography
42	!
43	! 1359 2014-04-11 17:15:14Z hoffmann
44	! New particle structure integrated.
45	! Kind definition added to all floating point numbers.
46	! lpm_init changed form a subroutine to a module.
47	!
48	! 1327 2014-03-21 11:00:16Z raasch
49	! -netcdf_output
50	!
51	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
52	! REAL functions provided with KIND-attribute
53	!
54	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
55	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
56	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
57	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
58	! revision history before 2012 removed,
59	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
60	! all variable declaration statements
61	! bugfix: #if defined( __parallel ) added
62	!
63	! 1314 2014-03-14 18:25:17Z suehring
64	! Vertical logarithmic interpolation of horizontal particle speed for particles
65	! between roughness height and first vertical grid level.
66	!
67	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
68	! unused variables removed
69	!
70	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
71	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
72	!
73	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
74	! routine renamed: init_particles -> lpm_init
75	! de_dx, de_dy, de_dz are allocated here (instead of automatic arrays in
76	! advec_particles),
77	! sort_particles renamed lpm_sort_arrays, user_init_particles renamed lpm_init
78	!
79	! 828 2012-02-21 12:00:36Z raasch
80	! call of init_kernels, particle feature color renamed class
81	!
82	! 824 2012-02-17 09:09:57Z raasch
83	! particle attributes speed_x\|y\|z_sgs renamed rvar1\|2\|3,
84	! array particles implemented as pointer
85	!
86	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
87	! nxl-1, nxr+1, nys-1, nyn+1 replaced by nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng for allocation
88	! of arrays.
89	!
90	! Revision 1.1 1999/11/25 16:22:38 raasch
91	! Initial revision
92	!
93	!
94	! Description:
95	! ------------
96	!> This routine initializes a set of particles and their attributes (position,
97	!> radius, ..) which are used by the Lagrangian particle model (see lpm).
98	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
99	MODULE lpm_init_mod
100
101
102	USE arrays_3d, &
103	ONLY: de_dx, de_dy, de_dz, zu, zw, z0
104
105	USE cloud_parameters, &
106	ONLY: curvature_solution_effects
107
108	USE control_parameters, &
109	ONLY: cloud_droplets, constant_flux_layer, current_timestep_number, &
110	dz, initializing_actions, message_string, ocean, simulated_time
111
112	USE dvrp_variables, &
113	ONLY: particle_color, particle_dvrpsize
114
115	USE grid_variables, &
116	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
117
118	USE indices, &
119	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxrg, nxr, ny, nyn, nys, nyng, nysg, nz, nzb, &
120	nzb_w_inner, nzt
121
122	USE kinds
123
124	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
125	ONLY: init_kernels
126
127	USE netcdf_interface, &
128	ONLY: netcdf_data_format
129
130	USE particle_attributes, &
131	ONLY: alloc_factor, bc_par_b, bc_par_lr, bc_par_ns, bc_par_t, &
132	block_offset, block_offset_def, collision_kernel, &
133	density_ratio, dvrp_psize, grid_particles, &
134	initial_weighting_factor, ibc_par_b, ibc_par_lr, ibc_par_ns, &
135	ibc_par_t, iran_part, log_z_z0, &
136	max_number_of_particle_groups, maximum_number_of_particles, &
137	maximum_number_of_tailpoints, maximum_number_of_tails, &
138	minimum_tailpoint_distance, min_nr_particle, &
139	mpi_particle_type, new_tail_id, &
140	number_of_initial_tails, number_of_particles, &
141	number_of_particle_groups, number_of_sublayers, &
142	number_of_tails, offset_ocean_nzt, offset_ocean_nzt_m1, &
143	particles, particle_advection_start, particle_groups, &
144	particle_groups_type, particles_per_point, &
145	particle_tail_coordinates, particle_type, pdx, pdy, pdz, &
146	prt_count, psb, psl, psn, psr, pss, pst, &
147	radius, random_start_position, read_particles_from_restartfile,&
148	seed_follows_topography, skip_particles_for_tail, sort_count, &
149	tail_mask, total_number_of_particles, total_number_of_tails, &
150	use_particle_tails, use_sgs_for_particles, &
151	write_particle_statistics, uniform_particles, zero_particle, &
152	z0_av_global
153
154	USE pegrid
155
156	USE random_function_mod, &
157	ONLY: random_function
158
159	IMPLICIT NONE
160
161	PRIVATE
162
163	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: PHASE_INIT = 1 !<
164	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER, PUBLIC :: PHASE_RELEASE = 2 !<
165
166	INTERFACE lpm_init
167	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_init
168	END INTERFACE lpm_init
169
170	INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
171	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_create_particle
172	END INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
173
174	PUBLIC lpm_init, lpm_create_particle
175
176	CONTAINS
177
178	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
179	! Description:
180	! ------------
181	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
182	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
183	SUBROUTINE lpm_init
184
185	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
186	ONLY: init_kernels
187
188	IMPLICIT NONE
189
190	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
191	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !<
192	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
193	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !<
194	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
195	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !<
196	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !<
197	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !<
198
199	#if defined( __parallel )
200	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: blocklengths !<
201	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: displacements !<
202	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: types !<
203	#endif
204	LOGICAL :: uniform_particles_l !<
205
206	REAL(wp) :: height_int !<
207	REAL(wp) :: height_p !<
208	REAL(wp) :: z_p !<
209	REAL(wp) :: z0_av_local !<
210
211	#if defined( __parallel )
212	!
213	!-- Define MPI derived datatype for FORTRAN datatype particle_type (see module
214	!-- particle_attributes). Integer length is 4 byte, Real is 8 byte
215	#if defined( __twocachelines )
216	blocklengths(1) = 7; blocklengths(2) = 18; blocklengths(3) = 1
217	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 64; displacements(3) = 128
218
219	types(1) = MPI_REAL ! 64 bit words
220	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER ! 32 Bit words
221	types(3) = MPI_UB
222	#else
223	blocklengths(1) = 19; blocklengths(2) = 6; blocklengths(3) = 1
224	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 152; displacements(3) = 176
225
226	types(1) = MPI_REAL
227	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER
228	types(3) = MPI_UB
229	#endif
230	CALL MPI_TYPE_STRUCT( 3, blocklengths, displacements, types, &
231	mpi_particle_type, ierr )
232	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( mpi_particle_type, ierr )
233	#endif
234
235	!
236	!-- In case of oceans runs, the vertical index calculations need an offset,
237	!-- because otherwise the k indices will become negative
238	IF ( ocean ) THEN
239	offset_ocean_nzt = nzt
240	offset_ocean_nzt_m1 = nzt - 1
241	ENDIF
242
243	!
244	!-- Define block offsets for dividing a gridcell in 8 sub cells
245
246	block_offset(0) = block_offset_def (-1,-1,-1)
247	block_offset(1) = block_offset_def (-1,-1, 0)
248	block_offset(2) = block_offset_def (-1, 0,-1)
249	block_offset(3) = block_offset_def (-1, 0, 0)
250	block_offset(4) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1,-1)
251	block_offset(5) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1, 0)
252	block_offset(6) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0,-1)
253	block_offset(7) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0, 0)
254	!
255	!-- Check the number of particle groups.
256	IF ( number_of_particle_groups > max_number_of_particle_groups ) THEN
257	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'max_number_of_particle_groups =', &
258	max_number_of_particle_groups , &
259	'&number_of_particle_groups reset to ', &
260	max_number_of_particle_groups
261	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0213', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
262	number_of_particle_groups = max_number_of_particle_groups
263	ENDIF
264
265	!
266	!-- Set default start positions, if necessary
267	IF ( psl(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(1) = -0.5_wp * dx
268	IF ( psr(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(1) = ( nx + 0.5_wp ) * dx
269	IF ( pss(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(1) = -0.5_wp * dy
270	IF ( psn(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(1) = ( ny + 0.5_wp ) * dy
271	IF ( psb(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(1) = zu(nz/2)
272	IF ( pst(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(1) = psb(1)
273
274	IF ( pdx(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(1) = dx
275	IF ( pdy(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(1) = dy
276	IF ( pdz(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(1) = zu(2) - zu(1)
277
278	DO j = 2, number_of_particle_groups
279	IF ( psl(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(j) = psl(j-1)
280	IF ( psr(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(j) = psr(j-1)
281	IF ( pss(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(j) = pss(j-1)
282	IF ( psn(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(j) = psn(j-1)
283	IF ( psb(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(j) = psb(j-1)
284	IF ( pst(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(j) = pst(j-1)
285	IF ( pdx(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(j) = pdx(j-1)
286	IF ( pdy(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(j) = pdy(j-1)
287	IF ( pdz(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(j) = pdz(j-1)
288	ENDDO
289
290	!
291	!-- Allocate arrays required for calculating particle SGS velocities
292	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles ) THEN
293	ALLOCATE( de_dx(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
294	de_dy(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
295	de_dz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
296	ENDIF
297
298	!
299	!-- Allocate array required for logarithmic vertical interpolation of
300	!-- horizontal particle velocities between the surface and the first vertical
301	!-- grid level. In order to avoid repeated CPU cost-intensive CALLS of
302	!-- intrinsic FORTRAN procedure LOG(z/z0), LOG(z/z0) is precalculated for
303	!-- several heights. Splitting into 20 sublayers turned out to be sufficient.
304	!-- To obtain exact height levels of particles, linear interpolation is applied
305	!-- (see lpm_advec.f90).
306	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
307
308	ALLOCATE ( log_z_z0(0:number_of_sublayers) )
309	z_p = zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb)
310
311	!
312	!-- Calculate horizontal mean value of z0 used for logartihmic
313	!-- interpolation. Note: this is not exact for heterogeneous z0.
314	!-- However, sensitivity studies showed that the effect is
315	!-- negligible.
316	z0_av_local = SUM( z0(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
317	z0_av_global = 0.0_wp
318
319	#if defined( __parallel )
320	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(z0_av_local, z0_av_global, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
321	comm2d, ierr )
322	#else
323	z0_av_global = z0_av_local
324	#endif
325
326	z0_av_global = z0_av_global / ( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx + 1 ) )
327	!
328	!-- Horizontal wind speed is zero below and at z0
329	log_z_z0(0) = 0.0_wp
330	!
331	!-- Calculate vertical depth of the sublayers
332	height_int = ( z_p - z0_av_global ) / REAL( number_of_sublayers, KIND=wp )
333	!
334	!-- Precalculate LOG(z/z0)
335	height_p = 0.0_wp
336	DO k = 1, number_of_sublayers
337
338	height_p = height_p + height_int
339	log_z_z0(k) = LOG( height_p / z0_av_global )
340
341	ENDDO
342
343
344	ENDIF
345
346	!
347	!-- Check boundary condition and set internal variables
348	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_b )
349
350	CASE ( 'absorb' )
351	ibc_par_b = 1
352
353	CASE ( 'reflect' )
354	ibc_par_b = 2
355
356	CASE DEFAULT
357	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
358	'bc_par_b = "', TRIM( bc_par_b ), '"'
359	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0217', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
360
361	END SELECT
362	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_t )
363
364	CASE ( 'absorb' )
365	ibc_par_t = 1
366
367	CASE ( 'reflect' )
368	ibc_par_t = 2
369
370	CASE DEFAULT
371	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
372	'bc_par_t = "', TRIM( bc_par_t ), '"'
373	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0218', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
374
375	END SELECT
376	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_lr )
377
378	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
379	ibc_par_lr = 0
380
381	CASE ( 'absorb' )
382	ibc_par_lr = 1
383
384	CASE ( 'reflect' )
385	ibc_par_lr = 2
386
387	CASE DEFAULT
388	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
389	'bc_par_lr = "', TRIM( bc_par_lr ), '"'
390	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0219', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
391
392	END SELECT
393	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_ns )
394
395	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
396	ibc_par_ns = 0
397
398	CASE ( 'absorb' )
399	ibc_par_ns = 1
400
401	CASE ( 'reflect' )
402	ibc_par_ns = 2
403
404	CASE DEFAULT
405	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
406	'bc_par_ns = "', TRIM( bc_par_ns ), '"'
407	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0220', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
408
409	END SELECT
410
411	!
412	!-- Initialize collision kernels
413	IF ( collision_kernel /= 'none' ) CALL init_kernels
414
415	!
416	!-- For the first model run of a possible job chain initialize the
417	!-- particles, otherwise read the particle data from restart file.
418	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' &
419	.AND. read_particles_from_restartfile ) THEN
420
421	CALL lpm_read_restart_file
422
423	ELSE
424
425	!
426	!-- Allocate particle arrays and set attributes of the initial set of
427	!-- particles, which can be also periodically released at later times.
428	!-- Also allocate array for particle tail coordinates, if needed.
429	ALLOCATE( prt_count(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
430	grid_particles(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
431
432	maximum_number_of_particles = 0
433	number_of_particles = 0
434
435	sort_count = 0
436	prt_count = 0
437
438	!
439	!-- Initialize all particles with dummy values (otherwise errors may
440	!-- occur within restart runs). The reason for this is still not clear
441	!-- and may be presumably caused by errors in the respective user-interface.
442	#if defined( __twocachelines )
443	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, &
444	0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
445	0, .FALSE., 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
446	0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, &
447	0.0_sp, 0, 0, 0, -1)
448	#else
449	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
450	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
451	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
452	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0, 0, 0, &
453	0, .FALSE., -1)
454	#endif
455	particle_groups = particle_groups_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp )
456
457	!
458	!-- Set the default particle size used for dvrp plots
459	IF ( dvrp_psize == 9999999.9_wp ) dvrp_psize = 0.2_wp * dx
460
461	!
462	!-- Set values for the density ratio and radius for all particle
463	!-- groups, if necessary
464	IF ( density_ratio(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) density_ratio(1) = 0.0_wp
465	IF ( radius(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(1) = 0.0_wp
466	DO i = 2, number_of_particle_groups
467	IF ( density_ratio(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
468	density_ratio(i) = density_ratio(i-1)
469	ENDIF
470	IF ( radius(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(i) = radius(i-1)
471	ENDDO
472
473	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
474	IF ( density_ratio(i) /= 0.0_wp .AND. radius(i) == 0 ) THEN
475	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'particle group #', i, 'has a', &
476	'density ratio /= 0 but radius = 0'
477	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0215', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
478	ENDIF
479	particle_groups(i)%density_ratio = density_ratio(i)
480	particle_groups(i)%radius = radius(i)
481	ENDDO
482
483	!
484	!-- Set a seed value for the random number generator to be exclusively
485	!-- used for the particle code. The generated random numbers should be
486	!-- different on the different PEs.
487	iran_part = iran_part + myid
488
489	CALL lpm_create_particle (PHASE_INIT)
490
491	!
492	!-- User modification of initial particles
493	CALL user_lpm_init
494
495	!
496	!-- Open file for statistical informations about particle conditions
497	IF ( write_particle_statistics ) THEN
498	CALL check_open( 80 )
499	WRITE ( 80, 8000 ) current_timestep_number, simulated_time, &
500	number_of_particles, &
501	maximum_number_of_particles
502	CALL close_file( 80 )
503	ENDIF
504
505	!
506	!-- Check if particles are really uniform in color and radius (dvrp_size)
507	!-- (uniform_particles is preset TRUE)
508	IF ( uniform_particles ) THEN
509	DO ip = nxl, nxr
510	DO jp = nys, nyn
511	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
512
513	n = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
514	IF ( MINVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) == &
515	MAXVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) .AND. &
516	MINVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%class ) == &
517	MAXVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%class ) ) THEN
518	uniform_particles_l = .TRUE.
519	ELSE
520	uniform_particles_l = .FALSE.
521	ENDIF
522
523	ENDDO
524	ENDDO
525	ENDDO
526
527	#if defined( __parallel )
528	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
529	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( uniform_particles_l, uniform_particles, 1, &
530	MPI_LOGICAL, MPI_LAND, comm2d, ierr )
531	#else
532	uniform_particles = uniform_particles_l
533	#endif
534
535	ENDIF
536
537	!
538	!-- Particles will probably become none-uniform, if their size and color
539	!-- will be determined by flow variables
540	IF ( particle_color /= 'none' .OR. particle_dvrpsize /= 'none' ) THEN
541	uniform_particles = .FALSE.
542	ENDIF
543
544	! !kk Not implemented aft individual particle array fort every gridcell
545	! !
546	! !-- Set the beginning of the particle tails and their age
547	! IF ( use_particle_tails ) THEN
548	! !
549	! !-- Choose the maximum number of tails with respect to the maximum number
550	! !-- of particles and skip_particles_for_tail
551	! maximum_number_of_tails = maximum_number_of_particles / &
552	! skip_particles_for_tail
553	!
554	! !
555	! !-- Create a minimum number of tails in case that there is no tail
556	! !-- initially (otherwise, index errors will occur when adressing the
557	! !-- arrays below)
558	! IF ( maximum_number_of_tails == 0 ) maximum_number_of_tails = 10
559	!
560	! ALLOCATE( particle_tail_coordinates(maximum_number_of_tailpoints,5, &
561	! maximum_number_of_tails), &
562	! new_tail_id(maximum_number_of_tails), &
563	! tail_mask(maximum_number_of_tails) )
564	!
565	! particle_tail_coordinates = 0.0_wp
566	! minimum_tailpoint_distance = minimum_tailpoint_distance**2
567	! number_of_initial_tails = number_of_tails
568	!
569	! nn = 0
570	! DO n = 1, number_of_particles
571	! !
572	! !-- Only for those particles marked above with a provisional tail_id
573	! !-- tails will be created. Particles now get their final tail_id.
574	! IF ( particles(n)%tail_id /= 0 ) THEN
575	!
576	! nn = nn + 1
577	! particles(n)%tail_id = nn
578	!
579	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
580	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
581	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
582	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
583	! particles(n)%tailpoints = 1
584	! IF ( minimum_tailpoint_distance /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
585	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
586	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
587	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
588	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
589	! particle_tail_coordinates(1:2,5,nn) = 0.0_wp
590	! particles(n)%tailpoints = 2
591	! ENDIF
592	!
593	! ENDIF
594	! ENDDO
595	! ENDIF
596	!
597	! !
598	! !-- Plot initial positions of particles (only if particle advection is
599	! !-- switched on from the beginning of the simulation (t=0))
600	! IF ( particle_advection_start == 0.0_wp ) CALL data_output_dvrp
601
602	ENDIF
603
604	!
605	!-- To avoid programm abort, assign particles array to the local version of
606	!-- first grid cell
607	number_of_particles = prt_count(nzb+1,nys,nxl)
608	particles => grid_particles(nzb+1,nys,nxl)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
609
610	!
611	!-- Formats
612	8000 FORMAT (I6,1X,F7.2,4X,I10,71X,I10)
613
614	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init
615
616	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
617	! Description:
618	! ------------
619	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
620	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
621	SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle (phase)
622
623	USE lpm_exchange_horiz_mod, &
624	ONLY: lpm_exchange_horiz, lpm_move_particle, realloc_particles_array
625
626	USE lpm_pack_arrays_mod, &
627	ONLY: lpm_pack_all_arrays
628
629	IMPLICIT NONE
630
631	INTEGER(iwp) :: alloc_size !<
632	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
633	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !<
634	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
635	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !<
636	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !<
637	INTEGER(iwp) :: loop_stride !<
638	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !<
639	INTEGER(iwp) :: new_size !<
640	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !<
641
642	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: phase !<
643
644	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_count !<
645	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_start !<
646
647	LOGICAL :: first_stride !<
648
649	REAL(wp) :: pos_x !<
650	REAL(wp) :: pos_y !<
651	REAL(wp) :: pos_z !<
652
653	TYPE(particle_type),TARGET :: tmp_particle !<
654
655	!
656	!-- Calculate particle positions and store particle attributes, if
657	!-- particle is situated on this PE
658	DO loop_stride = 1, 2
659	first_stride = (loop_stride == 1)
660	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
661	local_count = 0 ! count number of particles
662	ELSE
663	local_count = prt_count ! Start address of new particles
664	ENDIF
665
666	n = 0
667	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
668
669	pos_z = psb(i)
670
671	DO WHILE ( pos_z <= pst(i) )
672
673	pos_y = pss(i)
674
675	DO WHILE ( pos_y <= psn(i) )
676
677	IF ( pos_y >= ( nys - 0.5_wp ) * dy .AND. &
678	pos_y < ( nyn + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) THEN
679
680	pos_x = psl(i)
681
682	xloop: DO WHILE ( pos_x <= psr(i) )
683
684	IF ( pos_x >= ( nxl - 0.5_wp ) * dx .AND. &
685	pos_x < ( nxr + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) THEN
686
687	DO j = 1, particles_per_point
688
689	n = n + 1
690	#if defined( __twocachelines )
691	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
692	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
693	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
694	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_sp
695	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_sp
696	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
697	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = dvrp_psize
698	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_sp
699	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
700	!
701	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
702	!-- for Rosenbrock method
703	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-12_wp
704	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 1.0E-3_wp
705	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp
706	ELSE
707	!
708	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
709	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
710	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
711	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
712	ENDIF
713	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_sp
714	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_sp
715	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_sp
716	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
717	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
718	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
719	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
720	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
721	tmp_particle%class = 1
722	tmp_particle%group = i
723	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0
724	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
725	#else
726	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
727	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
728	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
729	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_wp
730	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_wp
731	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
732	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = dvrp_psize
733	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_wp
734	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
735	!
736	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
737	!-- for Rosenbrock method
738	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-12_wp
739	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 1.0E-3_wp
740	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp
741	ELSE
742	!
743	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
744	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
745	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
746	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
747	ENDIF
748	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_wp
749	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_wp
750	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_wp
751	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
752	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
753	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
754	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
755	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
756	tmp_particle%class = 1
757	tmp_particle%group = i
758	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0
759	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
760	#endif
761	IF ( use_particle_tails .AND. &
762	MOD( n, skip_particles_for_tail ) == 0 ) THEN
763	number_of_tails = number_of_tails + 1
764	!
765	!-- This is a temporary provisional setting (see
766	!-- further below!)
767	tmp_particle%tail_id = number_of_tails
768	ELSE
769	tmp_particle%tail_id = 0
770	ENDIF
771	!
772	!-- Determine the grid indices of the particle position
773	ip = ( tmp_particle%x + 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
774	jp = ( tmp_particle%y + 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
775	kp = tmp_particle%z / dz + 1 + offset_ocean_nzt
776
777	IF ( seed_follows_topography ) THEN
778	!
779	!-- Particle height is given relative to topography
780	kp = kp + nzb_w_inner(jp,ip)
781	tmp_particle%z = tmp_particle%z + zw(kp)
782	IF ( kp > nzt ) THEN
783	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
784	CYCLE xloop
785	ENDIF
786	ENDIF
787
788	local_count(kp,jp,ip) = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + 1
789	IF ( .NOT. first_stride ) THEN
790	IF ( ip < nxl .OR. jp < nys .OR. kp < nzb+1 ) THEN
791	write(6,*) 'xl ',ip,jp,kp,nxl,nys,nzb+1
792	ENDIF
793	IF ( ip > nxr .OR. jp > nyn .OR. kp > nzt ) THEN
794	write(6,*) 'xu ',ip,jp,kp,nxr,nyn,nzt
795	ENDIF
796	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(local_count(kp,jp,ip)) = tmp_particle
797	ENDIF
798	ENDDO
799
800	ENDIF
801
802	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
803
804	ENDDO xloop
805
806	ENDIF
807
808	pos_y = pos_y + pdy(i)
809
810	ENDDO
811
812	pos_z = pos_z + pdz(i)
813
814	ENDDO
815
816	ENDDO
817
818	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
819	DO ip = nxl, nxr
820	DO jp = nys, nyn
821	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
822	IF ( phase == PHASE_INIT ) THEN
823	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
824	alloc_size = MAX( INT( local_count(kp,jp,ip) * &
825	( 1.0_wp + alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), &
826	min_nr_particle )
827	ELSE
828	alloc_size = min_nr_particle
829	ENDIF
830	ALLOCATE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:alloc_size))
831	DO n = 1, alloc_size
832	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(n) = zero_particle
833	ENDDO
834	ELSEIF ( phase == PHASE_RELEASE ) THEN
835	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
836	new_size = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
837	alloc_size = MAX( INT( new_size * ( 1.0_wp + &
838	alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), min_nr_particle )
839	IF( alloc_size > SIZE( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles) ) THEN
840	CALL realloc_particles_array(ip,jp,kp,alloc_size)
841	ENDIF
842	ENDIF
843	ENDIF
844	ENDDO
845	ENDDO
846	ENDDO
847	ENDIF
848	ENDDO
849
850	local_start = prt_count+1
851	prt_count = local_count
852	!
853	!-- Add random fluctuation to particle positions
854	IF ( random_start_position ) THEN
855	DO ip = nxl, nxr
856	DO jp = nys, nyn
857	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
858	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
859	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
860	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
861
862	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !Move only new particles
863	IF ( psl(particles(n)%group) /= psr(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
864	particles(n)%x = particles(n)%x + &
865	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
866	pdx(particles(n)%group)
867	ENDIF
868	IF ( pss(particles(n)%group) /= psn(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
869	particles(n)%y = particles(n)%y + &
870	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
871	pdy(particles(n)%group)
872	ENDIF
873	IF ( psb(particles(n)%group) /= pst(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
874	particles(n)%z = particles(n)%z + &
875	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
876	pdz(particles(n)%group)
877	ENDIF
878	ENDDO
879	!
880	!-- Identify particles located outside the model domain
881	CALL lpm_boundary_conds( 'bottom/top' )
882	ENDDO
883	ENDDO
884	ENDDO
885	!
886	!-- Exchange particles between grid cells and processors
887	CALL lpm_move_particle
888	CALL lpm_exchange_horiz
889
890	ENDIF
891	!
892	!-- In case of random_start_position, delete particles identified by
893	!-- lpm_exchange_horiz and lpm_boundary_conds. Then sort particles into blocks,
894	!-- which is needed for a fast interpolation of the LES fields on the particle
895	!-- position.
896	CALL lpm_pack_all_arrays
897
898	!
899	!-- Determine maximum number of particles (i.e., all possible particles that
900	!-- have been allocated) and the current number of particles
901	DO ip = nxl, nxr
902	DO jp = nys, nyn
903	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
904	maximum_number_of_particles = maximum_number_of_particles &
905	+ SIZE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles)
906	number_of_particles = number_of_particles &
907	+ prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
908	ENDDO
909	ENDDO
910	ENDDO
911	!
912	!-- Calculate the number of particles and tails of the total domain
913	#if defined( __parallel )
914	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
915	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_particles, total_number_of_particles, 1, &
916	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
917	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
918	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_tails, total_number_of_tails, 1, &
919	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
920	#else
921	total_number_of_particles = number_of_particles
922	total_number_of_tails = number_of_tails
923	#endif
924
925	RETURN
926
927	END SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle
928
929	END MODULE lpm_init_mod

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