[1682] | 1 | !> @file land_surface_model.f90 |
---|
[1496] | 2 | !--------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 3 | ! This file is part of PALM. |
---|
| 4 | ! |
---|
| 5 | ! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms |
---|
| 6 | ! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, |
---|
| 7 | ! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. |
---|
| 8 | ! |
---|
| 9 | ! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY |
---|
| 10 | ! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR |
---|
| 11 | ! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. |
---|
| 12 | ! |
---|
| 13 | ! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with |
---|
| 14 | ! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
---|
| 15 | ! |
---|
[1691] | 16 | ! Copyright 1997-2015 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover |
---|
[1496] | 17 | !--------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 18 | ! |
---|
| 19 | ! Current revisions: |
---|
| 20 | ! ----------------- |
---|
[1697] | 21 | ! bugfix: misplaced cpp-directive |
---|
[1692] | 22 | ! |
---|
| 23 | ! Former revisions: |
---|
| 24 | ! ----------------- |
---|
| 25 | ! $Id: land_surface_model.f90 1697 2015-10-28 17:14:10Z raasch $ |
---|
| 26 | ! Bugfix: REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute in call of |
---|
[1696] | 27 | ! 1695 2015-10-27 10:03:11Z maronga |
---|
| 28 | ! Replaced rif with ol |
---|
| 29 | ! |
---|
[1692] | 30 | ! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga |
---|
[1691] | 31 | ! Added skip_time_do_lsm to allow for spin-ups without LSM. Various bugfixes: |
---|
| 32 | ! Soil temperatures are now defined at the edges of the layers, calculation of |
---|
| 33 | ! shb_eb corrected, prognostic equation for skin temperature corrected. Surface |
---|
| 34 | ! fluxes are now directly transfered to atmosphere |
---|
[1552] | 35 | ! |
---|
[1683] | 36 | ! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop |
---|
| 37 | ! Code annotations made doxygen readable |
---|
| 38 | ! |
---|
[1591] | 39 | ! 1590 2015-05-08 13:56:27Z maronga |
---|
| 40 | ! Bugfix: definition of character strings requires same length for all elements |
---|
| 41 | ! |
---|
[1586] | 42 | ! 1585 2015-04-30 07:05:52Z maronga |
---|
| 43 | ! Modifications for RRTMG. Changed tables to PARAMETER type. |
---|
| 44 | ! |
---|
[1572] | 45 | ! 1571 2015-03-12 16:12:49Z maronga |
---|
| 46 | ! Removed upper-case variable names. Corrected distribution of precipitation to |
---|
| 47 | ! the liquid water reservoir and the bare soil fractions. |
---|
| 48 | ! |
---|
[1556] | 49 | ! 1555 2015-03-04 17:44:27Z maronga |
---|
| 50 | ! Added output of r_a and r_s |
---|
| 51 | ! |
---|
[1554] | 52 | ! 1553 2015-03-03 17:33:54Z maronga |
---|
| 53 | ! Improved better treatment of roughness lengths. Added default soil temperature |
---|
| 54 | ! profile |
---|
| 55 | ! |
---|
[1552] | 56 | ! 1551 2015-03-03 14:18:16Z maronga |
---|
[1551] | 57 | ! Flux calculation is now done in prandtl_fluxes. Added support for data output. |
---|
| 58 | ! Vertical indices have been replaced. Restart runs are now possible. Some |
---|
| 59 | ! variables have beem renamed. Bugfix in the prognostic equation for the surface |
---|
| 60 | ! temperature. Introduced z0_eb and z0h_eb, which overwrite the setting of |
---|
| 61 | ! roughness_length and z0_factor. Added Clapp & Hornberger parametrization for |
---|
| 62 | ! the hydraulic conductivity. Bugfix for root fraction and extraction |
---|
| 63 | ! calculation |
---|
[1496] | 64 | ! |
---|
[1514] | 65 | ! intrinsic function MAX and MIN |
---|
[1496] | 66 | ! |
---|
[1501] | 67 | ! 1500 2014-12-03 17:42:41Z maronga |
---|
| 68 | ! Corrected calculation of aerodynamic resistance (r_a). |
---|
| 69 | ! Precipitation is now added to liquid water reservoir using LE_liq. |
---|
| 70 | ! Added support for dry runs. |
---|
| 71 | ! |
---|
[1497] | 72 | ! 1496 2014-12-02 17:25:50Z maronga |
---|
| 73 | ! Initial revision |
---|
| 74 | ! |
---|
[1496] | 75 | ! |
---|
| 76 | ! Description: |
---|
| 77 | ! ------------ |
---|
[1682] | 78 | !> Land surface model, consisting of a solver for the energy balance at the |
---|
| 79 | !> surface and a four layer soil scheme. The scheme is similar to the TESSEL |
---|
| 80 | !> scheme implemented in the ECMWF IFS model, with modifications according to |
---|
| 81 | !> H-TESSEL. The implementation is based on the formulation implemented in the |
---|
| 82 | !> DALES and UCLA-LES models. |
---|
| 83 | !> |
---|
[1691] | 84 | !> @todo Consider partial absorption of the net shortwave radiation by the |
---|
| 85 | !> surface layer. |
---|
| 86 | !> @todo Allow for water surfaces |
---|
| 87 | !> @todo Invert indices (running from -3 to 0. Currently: nzb_soil=0, |
---|
| 88 | !> nzt_soil=3)). |
---|
| 89 | !> @todo Implement surface runoff model (required when performing long-term LES |
---|
| 90 | !> with considerable precipitation. |
---|
[1682] | 91 | !> |
---|
[1691] | 92 | !> @note No time step criterion is required as long as the soil layers do not |
---|
| 93 | !> become too thin. |
---|
[1496] | 94 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
[1682] | 95 | MODULE land_surface_model_mod |
---|
| 96 | |
---|
[1691] | 97 | USE arrays_3d, & |
---|
[1695] | 98 | ONLY: hyp, ol, pt, pt_p, q, q_p, ql, qsws, shf, ts, us, vpt, z0, z0h |
---|
[1496] | 99 | |
---|
[1691] | 100 | USE cloud_parameters, & |
---|
| 101 | ONLY: cp, hyrho, l_d_cp, l_d_r, l_v, prr, pt_d_t, rho_l, r_d, r_v |
---|
[1496] | 102 | |
---|
[1691] | 103 | USE control_parameters, & |
---|
| 104 | ONLY: cloud_physics, dt_3d, humidity, intermediate_timestep_count, & |
---|
| 105 | initializing_actions, intermediate_timestep_count_max, & |
---|
| 106 | max_masks, precipitation, pt_surface, rho_surface, & |
---|
| 107 | roughness_length, surface_pressure, timestep_scheme, tsc, & |
---|
| 108 | z0h_factor, time_since_reference_point |
---|
[1496] | 109 | |
---|
[1691] | 110 | USE indices, & |
---|
| 111 | ONLY: nbgp, nxlg, nxrg, nyng, nysg, nzb, nzb_s_inner |
---|
[1496] | 112 | |
---|
[1691] | 113 | USE kinds |
---|
[1496] | 114 | |
---|
[1551] | 115 | USE netcdf_control, & |
---|
| 116 | ONLY: dots_label, dots_num, dots_unit |
---|
| 117 | |
---|
[1691] | 118 | USE pegrid |
---|
[1496] | 119 | |
---|
[1691] | 120 | USE radiation_model_mod, & |
---|
| 121 | ONLY: force_radiation_call, radiation_scheme, rad_net, rad_sw_in, & |
---|
| 122 | rad_lw_out, sigma_sb |
---|
| 123 | |
---|
| 124 | #if defined ( __rrtmg ) |
---|
| 125 | USE radiation_model_mod, & |
---|
| 126 | ONLY: rrtm_lwuflx_dt, rrtm_idrv |
---|
| 127 | #endif |
---|
[1496] | 128 | |
---|
[1691] | 129 | USE statistics, & |
---|
| 130 | ONLY: hom, statistic_regions |
---|
| 131 | |
---|
[1496] | 132 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
| 133 | |
---|
| 134 | ! |
---|
| 135 | !-- LSM model constants |
---|
[1682] | 136 | INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: nzb_soil = 0, & !< bottom of the soil model (to be switched) |
---|
| 137 | nzt_soil = 3, & !< top of the soil model (to be switched) |
---|
| 138 | nzs = 4 !< number of soil layers (fixed for now) |
---|
[1496] | 139 | |
---|
[1682] | 140 | INTEGER(iwp) :: dots_soil = 0 !< starting index for timeseries output |
---|
[1551] | 141 | |
---|
| 142 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(0:1) :: id_dim_zs_xy, id_dim_zs_xz, id_dim_zs_yz, & |
---|
| 143 | id_dim_zs_3d, id_var_zs_xy, & |
---|
| 144 | id_var_zs_xz, id_var_zs_yz, id_var_zs_3d |
---|
| 145 | |
---|
| 146 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1:max_masks,0:1) :: id_dim_zs_mask, id_var_zs_mask |
---|
| 147 | |
---|
[1496] | 148 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: & |
---|
[1551] | 149 | b_ch = 6.04_wp, & ! Clapp & Hornberger exponent |
---|
| 150 | lambda_h_dry = 0.19_wp, & ! heat conductivity for dry soil |
---|
[1496] | 151 | lambda_h_sm = 3.44_wp, & ! heat conductivity of the soil matrix |
---|
| 152 | lambda_h_water = 0.57_wp, & ! heat conductivity of water |
---|
| 153 | psi_sat = -0.388_wp, & ! soil matrix potential at saturation |
---|
[1551] | 154 | rho_c_soil = 2.19E6_wp, & ! volumetric heat capacity of soil |
---|
| 155 | rho_c_water = 4.20E6_wp, & ! volumetric heat capacity of water |
---|
[1496] | 156 | m_max_depth = 0.0002_wp ! Maximum capacity of the water reservoir (m) |
---|
| 157 | |
---|
| 158 | |
---|
| 159 | ! |
---|
| 160 | !-- LSM variables |
---|
[1682] | 161 | INTEGER(iwp) :: veg_type = 2, & !< vegetation type, 0: user-defined, 1-19: generic (see list) |
---|
| 162 | soil_type = 3 !< soil type, 0: user-defined, 1-6: generic (see list) |
---|
[1496] | 163 | |
---|
[1691] | 164 | LOGICAL :: conserve_water_content = .TRUE., & !< open or closed bottom surface for the soil model |
---|
| 165 | dewfall = .TRUE., & !< allow/inhibit dewfall |
---|
| 166 | force_radiation_call_l = .FALSE., & !< flag parameter for unscheduled radiation model calls |
---|
| 167 | land_surface = .FALSE. !< flag parameter indicating wheather the lsm is used |
---|
[1496] | 168 | |
---|
| 169 | ! value 9999999.9_wp -> generic available or user-defined value must be set |
---|
| 170 | ! otherwise -> no generic variable and user setting is optional |
---|
[1682] | 171 | REAL(wp) :: alpha_vangenuchten = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST alpha_vg |
---|
| 172 | canopy_resistance_coefficient = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST g_d |
---|
| 173 | c_surface = 20000.0_wp, & !< Surface (skin) heat capacity |
---|
| 174 | drho_l_lv, & !< (rho_l * l_v)**-1 |
---|
| 175 | exn, & !< value of the Exner function |
---|
| 176 | e_s = 0.0_wp, & !< saturation water vapour pressure |
---|
| 177 | field_capacity = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST m_fc |
---|
| 178 | f_shortwave_incoming = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST f_sw_in |
---|
| 179 | hydraulic_conductivity = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST gamma_w_sat |
---|
| 180 | ke = 0.0_wp, & !< Kersten number |
---|
[1691] | 181 | lambda_h_sat = 0.0_wp, & !< heat conductivity for saturated soil |
---|
[1682] | 182 | lambda_surface_stable = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST lambda_surface_s |
---|
| 183 | lambda_surface_unstable = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST lambda_surface_u |
---|
| 184 | leaf_area_index = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST lai |
---|
| 185 | l_vangenuchten = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST l_vg |
---|
| 186 | min_canopy_resistance = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST r_canopy_min |
---|
| 187 | min_soil_resistance = 50.0_wp, & !< NAMELIST r_soil_min |
---|
| 188 | m_total = 0.0_wp, & !< weighted total water content of the soil (m3/m3) |
---|
| 189 | n_vangenuchten = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST n_vg |
---|
| 190 | q_s = 0.0_wp, & !< saturation specific humidity |
---|
| 191 | residual_moisture = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST m_res |
---|
| 192 | rho_cp, & !< rho_surface * cp |
---|
| 193 | rho_lv, & !< rho * l_v |
---|
| 194 | rd_d_rv, & !< r_d / r_v |
---|
| 195 | saturation_moisture = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST m_sat |
---|
[1691] | 196 | skip_time_do_lsm = 0.0_wp, & !< LSM is not called before this time |
---|
[1682] | 197 | vegetation_coverage = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST c_veg |
---|
| 198 | wilting_point = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST m_wilt |
---|
| 199 | z0_eb = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST z0 (lsm_par) |
---|
[1691] | 200 | z0h_eb = 9999999.9_wp !< NAMELIST z0h (lsm_par) |
---|
[1496] | 201 | |
---|
[1551] | 202 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_soil:nzt_soil) :: & |
---|
[1691] | 203 | ddz_soil_stag, & !< 1/dz_soil_stag |
---|
| 204 | dz_soil_stag, & !< soil grid spacing (center-center) |
---|
| 205 | root_extr = 0.0_wp, & !< root extraction |
---|
[1551] | 206 | root_fraction = (/9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & |
---|
[1682] | 207 | 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp /), & !< distribution of root surface area to the individual soil layers |
---|
| 208 | zs = (/0.07_wp, 0.28_wp, 1.00_wp, 2.89_wp/), & !< soil layer depths (m) |
---|
| 209 | soil_moisture = 0.0_wp !< soil moisture content (m3/m3) |
---|
[1496] | 210 | |
---|
[1551] | 211 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1) :: & |
---|
[1691] | 212 | soil_temperature = (/290.0_wp, 287.0_wp, 285.0_wp, 283.0_wp, & !< soil temperature (K) |
---|
| 213 | 283.0_wp /), & |
---|
| 214 | ddz_soil, & !< 1/dz_soil |
---|
| 215 | dz_soil !< soil grid spacing (edge-edge) |
---|
[1496] | 216 | |
---|
| 217 | #if defined( __nopointer ) |
---|
[1682] | 218 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: t_surface, & !< surface temperature (K) |
---|
| 219 | t_surface_p, & !< progn. surface temperature (K) |
---|
| 220 | m_liq_eb, & !< liquid water reservoir (m) |
---|
| 221 | m_liq_eb_av, & !< liquid water reservoir (m) |
---|
| 222 | m_liq_eb_p !< progn. liquid water reservoir (m) |
---|
[1496] | 223 | #else |
---|
[1551] | 224 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: t_surface, & |
---|
| 225 | t_surface_p, & |
---|
| 226 | m_liq_eb, & |
---|
| 227 | m_liq_eb_p |
---|
[1496] | 228 | |
---|
[1551] | 229 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: t_surface_1, t_surface_2, & |
---|
| 230 | m_liq_eb_av, & |
---|
| 231 | m_liq_eb_1, m_liq_eb_2 |
---|
[1496] | 232 | #endif |
---|
| 233 | |
---|
| 234 | ! |
---|
| 235 | !-- Temporal tendencies for time stepping |
---|
[1682] | 236 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tt_surface_m, & !< surface temperature tendency (K) |
---|
| 237 | tm_liq_eb_m !< liquid water reservoir tendency (m) |
---|
[1496] | 238 | |
---|
| 239 | ! |
---|
| 240 | !-- Energy balance variables |
---|
[1691] | 241 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: & |
---|
[1682] | 242 | alpha_vg, & !< coef. of Van Genuchten |
---|
| 243 | c_liq, & !< liquid water coverage (of vegetated area) |
---|
| 244 | c_liq_av, & !< average of c_liq |
---|
| 245 | c_soil_av, & !< average of c_soil |
---|
| 246 | c_veg, & !< vegetation coverage |
---|
| 247 | c_veg_av, & !< average of c_veg |
---|
| 248 | f_sw_in, & !< fraction of absorbed shortwave radiation by the surface layer (not implemented yet) |
---|
| 249 | ghf_eb, & !< ground heat flux |
---|
| 250 | ghf_eb_av, & !< average of ghf_eb |
---|
| 251 | gamma_w_sat, & !< hydraulic conductivity at saturation |
---|
| 252 | g_d, & !< coefficient for dependence of r_canopy on water vapour pressure deficit |
---|
| 253 | lai, & !< leaf area index |
---|
| 254 | lai_av, & !< average of lai |
---|
[1691] | 255 | lambda_surface_s, & !< coupling between surface and soil (depends on vegetation type) |
---|
| 256 | lambda_surface_u, & !< coupling between surface and soil (depends on vegetation type) |
---|
[1682] | 257 | l_vg, & !< coef. of Van Genuchten |
---|
| 258 | m_fc, & !< soil moisture at field capacity (m3/m3) |
---|
| 259 | m_res, & !< residual soil moisture |
---|
| 260 | m_sat, & !< saturation soil moisture (m3/m3) |
---|
| 261 | m_wilt, & !< soil moisture at permanent wilting point (m3/m3) |
---|
| 262 | n_vg, & !< coef. Van Genuchten |
---|
| 263 | qsws_eb, & !< surface flux of latent heat (total) |
---|
| 264 | qsws_eb_av, & !< average of qsws_eb |
---|
| 265 | qsws_liq_eb, & !< surface flux of latent heat (liquid water portion) |
---|
| 266 | qsws_liq_eb_av, & !< average of qsws_liq_eb |
---|
| 267 | qsws_soil_eb, & !< surface flux of latent heat (soil portion) |
---|
| 268 | qsws_soil_eb_av, & !< average of qsws_soil_eb |
---|
| 269 | qsws_veg_eb, & !< surface flux of latent heat (vegetation portion) |
---|
| 270 | qsws_veg_eb_av, & !< average of qsws_veg_eb |
---|
| 271 | rad_net_l, & !< local copy of rad_net (net radiation at surface) |
---|
| 272 | r_a, & !< aerodynamic resistance |
---|
| 273 | r_a_av, & !< avergae of r_a |
---|
| 274 | r_canopy, & !< canopy resistance |
---|
[1691] | 275 | r_soil, & !< soil resistance |
---|
[1682] | 276 | r_soil_min, & !< minimum soil resistance |
---|
| 277 | r_s, & !< total surface resistance (combination of r_soil and r_canopy) |
---|
[1691] | 278 | r_s_av, & !< average of r_s |
---|
[1682] | 279 | r_canopy_min, & !< minimum canopy (stomatal) resistance |
---|
| 280 | shf_eb, & !< surface flux of sensible heat |
---|
| 281 | shf_eb_av !< average of shf_eb |
---|
[1496] | 282 | |
---|
[1691] | 283 | |
---|
[1496] | 284 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: & |
---|
[1682] | 285 | lambda_h, & !< heat conductivity of soil (?) |
---|
| 286 | lambda_w, & !< hydraulic diffusivity of soil (?) |
---|
| 287 | gamma_w, & !< hydraulic conductivity of soil (?) |
---|
| 288 | rho_c_total !< volumetric heat capacity of the actual soil matrix (?) |
---|
[1496] | 289 | |
---|
| 290 | #if defined( __nopointer ) |
---|
| 291 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: & |
---|
[1682] | 292 | t_soil, & !< Soil temperature (K) |
---|
| 293 | t_soil_av, & !< Average of t_soil |
---|
| 294 | t_soil_p, & !< Prog. soil temperature (K) |
---|
| 295 | m_soil, & !< Soil moisture (m3/m3) |
---|
| 296 | m_soil_av, & !< Average of m_soil |
---|
| 297 | m_soil_p !< Prog. soil moisture (m3/m3) |
---|
[1496] | 298 | #else |
---|
| 299 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: & |
---|
[1551] | 300 | t_soil, t_soil_p, & |
---|
[1496] | 301 | m_soil, m_soil_p |
---|
| 302 | |
---|
| 303 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: & |
---|
[1551] | 304 | t_soil_av, t_soil_1, t_soil_2, & |
---|
| 305 | m_soil_av, m_soil_1, m_soil_2 |
---|
[1496] | 306 | #endif |
---|
| 307 | |
---|
| 308 | |
---|
| 309 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: & |
---|
[1682] | 310 | tt_soil_m, & !< t_soil storage array |
---|
| 311 | tm_soil_m, & !< m_soil storage array |
---|
| 312 | root_fr !< root fraction (sum=1) |
---|
[1496] | 313 | |
---|
[1551] | 314 | |
---|
[1496] | 315 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 316 | !-- Predefined Land surface classes (veg_type) |
---|
[1585] | 317 | CHARACTER(26), DIMENSION(0:19), PARAMETER :: veg_type_name = (/ & |
---|
[1590] | 318 | 'user defined ', & ! 0 |
---|
| 319 | 'crops, mixed farming ', & ! 1 |
---|
| 320 | 'short grass ', & ! 2 |
---|
[1585] | 321 | 'evergreen needleleaf trees', & ! 3 |
---|
| 322 | 'deciduous needleleaf trees', & ! 4 |
---|
[1590] | 323 | 'evergreen broadleaf trees ', & ! 5 |
---|
| 324 | 'deciduous broadleaf trees ', & ! 6 |
---|
| 325 | 'tall grass ', & ! 7 |
---|
| 326 | 'desert ', & ! 8 |
---|
| 327 | 'tundra ', & ! 9 |
---|
| 328 | 'irrigated crops ', & ! 10 |
---|
| 329 | 'semidesert ', & ! 11 |
---|
| 330 | 'ice caps and glaciers ', & ! 12 |
---|
| 331 | 'bogs and marshes ', & ! 13 |
---|
| 332 | 'inland water ', & ! 14 |
---|
| 333 | 'ocean ', & ! 15 |
---|
| 334 | 'evergreen shrubs ', & ! 16 |
---|
| 335 | 'deciduous shrubs ', & ! 17 |
---|
| 336 | 'mixed forest/woodland ', & ! 18 |
---|
| 337 | 'interrupted forest ' & ! 19 |
---|
[1585] | 338 | /) |
---|
[1496] | 339 | |
---|
| 340 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 341 | !-- Soil model classes (soil_type) |
---|
[1585] | 342 | CHARACTER(12), DIMENSION(0:7), PARAMETER :: soil_type_name = (/ & |
---|
| 343 | 'user defined', & ! 0 |
---|
[1590] | 344 | 'coarse ', & ! 1 |
---|
| 345 | 'medium ', & ! 2 |
---|
| 346 | 'medium-fine ', & ! 3 |
---|
| 347 | 'fine ', & ! 4 |
---|
| 348 | 'very fine ', & ! 5 |
---|
| 349 | 'organic ', & ! 6 |
---|
| 350 | 'loamy (CH) ' & ! 7 |
---|
[1585] | 351 | /) |
---|
[1551] | 352 | ! |
---|
| 353 | !-- Land surface parameters according to the respective classes (veg_type) |
---|
| 354 | |
---|
| 355 | ! |
---|
| 356 | !-- Land surface parameters I |
---|
| 357 | !-- r_canopy_min, lai, c_veg, g_d |
---|
[1585] | 358 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:3,1:19), PARAMETER :: veg_pars = RESHAPE( (/ & |
---|
| 359 | 180.0_wp, 3.00_wp, 0.90_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 1 |
---|
| 360 | 110.0_wp, 2.00_wp, 0.85_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 2 |
---|
| 361 | 500.0_wp, 5.00_wp, 0.90_wp, 0.03_wp, & ! 3 |
---|
| 362 | 500.0_wp, 5.00_wp, 0.90_wp, 0.03_wp, & ! 4 |
---|
| 363 | 175.0_wp, 5.00_wp, 0.90_wp, 0.03_wp, & ! 5 |
---|
| 364 | 240.0_wp, 6.00_wp, 0.99_wp, 0.13_wp, & ! 6 |
---|
| 365 | 100.0_wp, 2.00_wp, 0.70_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 7 |
---|
| 366 | 250.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 8 |
---|
| 367 | 80.0_wp, 1.00_wp, 0.50_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 9 |
---|
| 368 | 180.0_wp, 3.00_wp, 0.90_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 10 |
---|
| 369 | 150.0_wp, 0.50_wp, 0.10_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 11 |
---|
| 370 | 0.0_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 12 |
---|
| 371 | 240.0_wp, 4.00_wp, 0.60_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 13 |
---|
| 372 | 0.0_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 14 |
---|
| 373 | 0.0_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 15 |
---|
| 374 | 225.0_wp, 3.00_wp, 0.50_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 16 |
---|
| 375 | 225.0_wp, 1.50_wp, 0.50_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 17 |
---|
| 376 | 250.0_wp, 5.00_wp, 0.90_wp, 0.03_wp, & ! 18 |
---|
| 377 | 175.0_wp, 2.50_wp, 0.90_wp, 0.03_wp & ! 19 |
---|
[1496] | 378 | /), (/ 4, 19 /) ) |
---|
| 379 | |
---|
| 380 | ! |
---|
| 381 | !-- Land surface parameters II z0, z0h |
---|
[1585] | 382 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:1,1:19), PARAMETER :: roughness_par = RESHAPE( (/ & |
---|
| 383 | 0.25_wp, 0.25E-2_wp, & ! 1 |
---|
| 384 | 0.20_wp, 0.20E-2_wp, & ! 2 |
---|
| 385 | 2.00_wp, 2.00_wp, & ! 3 |
---|
| 386 | 2.00_wp, 2.00_wp, & ! 4 |
---|
| 387 | 2.00_wp, 2.00_wp, & ! 5 |
---|
| 388 | 2.00_wp, 2.00_wp, & ! 6 |
---|
| 389 | 0.47_wp, 0.47E-2_wp, & ! 7 |
---|
| 390 | 0.013_wp, 0.013E-2_wp, & ! 8 |
---|
| 391 | 0.034_wp, 0.034E-2_wp, & ! 9 |
---|
| 392 | 0.5_wp, 0.50E-2_wp, & ! 10 |
---|
| 393 | 0.17_wp, 0.17E-2_wp, & ! 11 |
---|
| 394 | 1.3E-3_wp, 1.3E-4_wp, & ! 12 |
---|
| 395 | 0.83_wp, 0.83E-2_wp, & ! 13 |
---|
| 396 | 0.00_wp, 0.00E-2_wp, & ! 14 |
---|
| 397 | 0.00_wp, 0.00E-2_wp, & ! 15 |
---|
| 398 | 0.10_wp, 0.10E-2_wp, & ! 16 |
---|
| 399 | 0.25_wp, 0.25E-2_wp, & ! 17 |
---|
| 400 | 2.00_wp, 2.00E-2_wp, & ! 18 |
---|
| 401 | 1.10_wp, 1.10E-2_wp & ! 19 |
---|
[1496] | 402 | /), (/ 2, 19 /) ) |
---|
| 403 | |
---|
| 404 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 405 | !-- Land surface parameters III lambda_surface_s, lambda_surface_u, f_sw_in |
---|
[1585] | 406 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:2,1:19), PARAMETER :: surface_pars = RESHAPE( (/ & |
---|
| 407 | 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, & ! 1 |
---|
| 408 | 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, & ! 2 |
---|
| 409 | 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp, & ! 3 |
---|
| 410 | 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp, & ! 4 |
---|
| 411 | 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp, & ! 5 |
---|
| 412 | 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp, & ! 6 |
---|
| 413 | 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, & ! 7 |
---|
| 414 | 15.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 8 |
---|
| 415 | 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, & ! 9 |
---|
| 416 | 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, & ! 10 |
---|
| 417 | 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, & ! 11 |
---|
| 418 | 58.0_wp, 58.0_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 12 |
---|
| 419 | 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, & ! 13 |
---|
| 420 | 1.0E20_wp, 1.0E20_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 14 |
---|
| 421 | 1.0E20_wp, 1.0E20_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 15 |
---|
| 422 | 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, & ! 16 |
---|
| 423 | 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, & ! 17 |
---|
| 424 | 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp, & ! 18 |
---|
| 425 | 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp & ! 19 |
---|
[1496] | 426 | /), (/ 3, 19 /) ) |
---|
| 427 | |
---|
| 428 | ! |
---|
| 429 | !-- Root distribution (sum = 1) level 1, level 2, level 3, level 4, |
---|
[1585] | 430 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:3,1:19), PARAMETER :: root_distribution = RESHAPE( (/ & |
---|
| 431 | 0.24_wp, 0.41_wp, 0.31_wp, 0.04_wp, & ! 1 |
---|
| 432 | 0.35_wp, 0.38_wp, 0.23_wp, 0.04_wp, & ! 2 |
---|
| 433 | 0.26_wp, 0.39_wp, 0.29_wp, 0.06_wp, & ! 3 |
---|
| 434 | 0.26_wp, 0.38_wp, 0.29_wp, 0.07_wp, & ! 4 |
---|
| 435 | 0.24_wp, 0.38_wp, 0.31_wp, 0.07_wp, & ! 5 |
---|
| 436 | 0.25_wp, 0.34_wp, 0.27_wp, 0.14_wp, & ! 6 |
---|
| 437 | 0.27_wp, 0.27_wp, 0.27_wp, 0.09_wp, & ! 7 |
---|
| 438 | 1.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 8 |
---|
| 439 | 0.47_wp, 0.45_wp, 0.08_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 9 |
---|
| 440 | 0.24_wp, 0.41_wp, 0.31_wp, 0.04_wp, & ! 10 |
---|
| 441 | 0.17_wp, 0.31_wp, 0.33_wp, 0.19_wp, & ! 11 |
---|
| 442 | 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 12 |
---|
| 443 | 0.25_wp, 0.34_wp, 0.27_wp, 0.11_wp, & ! 13 |
---|
| 444 | 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 14 |
---|
| 445 | 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 15 |
---|
| 446 | 0.23_wp, 0.36_wp, 0.30_wp, 0.11_wp, & ! 16 |
---|
| 447 | 0.23_wp, 0.36_wp, 0.30_wp, 0.11_wp, & ! 17 |
---|
| 448 | 0.19_wp, 0.35_wp, 0.36_wp, 0.10_wp, & ! 18 |
---|
| 449 | 0.19_wp, 0.35_wp, 0.36_wp, 0.10_wp & ! 19 |
---|
[1496] | 450 | /), (/ 4, 19 /) ) |
---|
| 451 | |
---|
| 452 | ! |
---|
| 453 | !-- Soil parameters according to the following porosity classes (soil_type) |
---|
[1551] | 454 | |
---|
[1496] | 455 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 456 | !-- Soil parameters I alpha_vg, l_vg, n_vg, gamma_w_sat |
---|
[1585] | 457 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:3,1:7), PARAMETER :: soil_pars = RESHAPE( (/ & |
---|
[1496] | 458 | 3.83_wp, 1.250_wp, 1.38_wp, 6.94E-6_wp, & ! 1 |
---|
| 459 | 3.14_wp, -2.342_wp, 1.28_wp, 1.16E-6_wp, & ! 2 |
---|
| 460 | 0.83_wp, -0.588_wp, 1.25_wp, 0.26E-6_wp, & ! 3 |
---|
| 461 | 3.67_wp, -1.977_wp, 1.10_wp, 2.87E-6_wp, & ! 4 |
---|
| 462 | 2.65_wp, 2.500_wp, 1.10_wp, 1.74E-6_wp, & ! 5 |
---|
[1551] | 463 | 1.30_wp, 0.400_wp, 1.20_wp, 0.93E-6_wp, & ! 6 |
---|
| 464 | 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.57E-6_wp & ! 7 |
---|
| 465 | /), (/ 4, 7 /) ) |
---|
[1496] | 466 | |
---|
| 467 | ! |
---|
| 468 | !-- Soil parameters II m_sat, m_fc, m_wilt, m_res |
---|
[1585] | 469 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:3,1:7), PARAMETER :: m_soil_pars = RESHAPE( (/ & |
---|
[1496] | 470 | 0.403_wp, 0.244_wp, 0.059_wp, 0.025_wp, & ! 1 |
---|
| 471 | 0.439_wp, 0.347_wp, 0.151_wp, 0.010_wp, & ! 2 |
---|
| 472 | 0.430_wp, 0.383_wp, 0.133_wp, 0.010_wp, & ! 3 |
---|
| 473 | 0.520_wp, 0.448_wp, 0.279_wp, 0.010_wp, & ! 4 |
---|
| 474 | 0.614_wp, 0.541_wp, 0.335_wp, 0.010_wp, & ! 5 |
---|
[1551] | 475 | 0.766_wp, 0.663_wp, 0.267_wp, 0.010_wp, & ! 6 |
---|
| 476 | 0.472_wp, 0.323_wp, 0.171_wp, 0.000_wp & ! 7 |
---|
| 477 | /), (/ 4, 7 /) ) |
---|
[1496] | 478 | |
---|
| 479 | |
---|
| 480 | SAVE |
---|
| 481 | |
---|
| 482 | |
---|
| 483 | PRIVATE |
---|
| 484 | |
---|
| 485 | |
---|
[1551] | 486 | ! |
---|
| 487 | !-- Public parameters, constants and initial values |
---|
| 488 | PUBLIC alpha_vangenuchten, c_surface, canopy_resistance_coefficient, & |
---|
| 489 | conserve_water_content, dewfall, field_capacity, & |
---|
| 490 | f_shortwave_incoming, hydraulic_conductivity, init_lsm, & |
---|
| 491 | init_lsm_arrays, lambda_surface_stable, lambda_surface_unstable, & |
---|
| 492 | land_surface, leaf_area_index, lsm_energy_balance, lsm_soil_model, & |
---|
| 493 | lsm_swap_timelevel, l_vangenuchten, min_canopy_resistance, & |
---|
| 494 | min_soil_resistance, n_vangenuchten, residual_moisture, rho_cp, & |
---|
[1691] | 495 | rho_lv, root_fraction, saturation_moisture, skip_time_do_lsm, & |
---|
| 496 | soil_moisture, soil_temperature, soil_type, soil_type_name, & |
---|
| 497 | vegetation_coverage, veg_type, veg_type_name, wilting_point, z0_eb, & |
---|
| 498 | z0h_eb |
---|
[1496] | 499 | |
---|
[1551] | 500 | ! |
---|
| 501 | !-- Public grid and NetCDF variables |
---|
| 502 | PUBLIC dots_soil, id_dim_zs_xy, id_dim_zs_xz, id_dim_zs_yz, & |
---|
| 503 | id_dim_zs_3d, id_dim_zs_mask, id_var_zs_xy, id_var_zs_xz, & |
---|
| 504 | id_var_zs_yz, id_var_zs_3d, id_var_zs_mask, nzb_soil, nzs, nzt_soil,& |
---|
| 505 | zs |
---|
[1496] | 506 | |
---|
[1551] | 507 | ! |
---|
| 508 | !-- Public 2D output variables |
---|
| 509 | PUBLIC c_liq, c_liq_av, c_soil_av, c_veg, c_veg_av, ghf_eb, ghf_eb_av, & |
---|
| 510 | lai, lai_av, qsws_eb, qsws_eb_av, qsws_liq_eb, qsws_liq_eb_av, & |
---|
| 511 | qsws_soil_eb, qsws_soil_eb_av, qsws_veg_eb, qsws_veg_eb_av, & |
---|
[1555] | 512 | r_a, r_a_av, r_s, r_s_av, shf_eb, shf_eb_av |
---|
[1551] | 513 | |
---|
| 514 | ! |
---|
| 515 | !-- Public prognostic variables |
---|
| 516 | PUBLIC m_liq_eb, m_liq_eb_av, m_soil, m_soil_av, t_soil, t_soil_av |
---|
| 517 | |
---|
[1496] | 518 | INTERFACE init_lsm |
---|
| 519 | MODULE PROCEDURE init_lsm |
---|
| 520 | END INTERFACE init_lsm |
---|
| 521 | |
---|
| 522 | INTERFACE lsm_energy_balance |
---|
| 523 | MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_energy_balance |
---|
| 524 | END INTERFACE lsm_energy_balance |
---|
| 525 | |
---|
| 526 | INTERFACE lsm_soil_model |
---|
| 527 | MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_soil_model |
---|
| 528 | END INTERFACE lsm_soil_model |
---|
| 529 | |
---|
[1551] | 530 | INTERFACE lsm_swap_timelevel |
---|
| 531 | MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_swap_timelevel |
---|
| 532 | END INTERFACE lsm_swap_timelevel |
---|
[1496] | 533 | |
---|
| 534 | CONTAINS |
---|
| 535 | |
---|
| 536 | |
---|
| 537 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 538 | ! Description: |
---|
| 539 | ! ------------ |
---|
[1682] | 540 | !> Allocate land surface model arrays and define pointers |
---|
[1496] | 541 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
[1551] | 542 | SUBROUTINE init_lsm_arrays |
---|
[1496] | 543 | |
---|
| 544 | |
---|
| 545 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
| 546 | |
---|
| 547 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 548 | !-- Allocate surface and soil temperature / humidity |
---|
[1496] | 549 | #if defined( __nopointer ) |
---|
[1551] | 550 | ALLOCATE ( m_liq_eb(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 551 | ALLOCATE ( m_liq_eb_p(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 552 | ALLOCATE ( m_soil(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 553 | ALLOCATE ( m_soil_p(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 554 | ALLOCATE ( t_surface(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 555 | ALLOCATE ( t_surface_p(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 556 | ALLOCATE ( t_soil(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 557 | ALLOCATE ( t_soil_p(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1496] | 558 | #else |
---|
[1551] | 559 | ALLOCATE ( m_liq_eb_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 560 | ALLOCATE ( m_liq_eb_2(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 561 | ALLOCATE ( m_soil_1(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 562 | ALLOCATE ( m_soil_2(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 563 | ALLOCATE ( t_surface_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 564 | ALLOCATE ( t_surface_2(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 565 | ALLOCATE ( t_soil_1(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 566 | ALLOCATE ( t_soil_2(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1496] | 567 | #endif |
---|
| 568 | |
---|
| 569 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 570 | !-- Allocate intermediate timestep arrays |
---|
| 571 | ALLOCATE ( tm_liq_eb_m(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 572 | ALLOCATE ( tm_soil_m(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 573 | ALLOCATE ( tt_surface_m(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 574 | ALLOCATE ( tt_soil_m(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1496] | 575 | |
---|
| 576 | ! |
---|
| 577 | !-- Allocate 2D vegetation model arrays |
---|
[1551] | 578 | ALLOCATE ( alpha_vg(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1496] | 579 | ALLOCATE ( c_liq(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 580 | ALLOCATE ( c_veg(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1551] | 581 | ALLOCATE ( f_sw_in(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 582 | ALLOCATE ( ghf_eb(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1496] | 583 | ALLOCATE ( gamma_w_sat(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1551] | 584 | ALLOCATE ( g_d(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 585 | ALLOCATE ( lai(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 586 | ALLOCATE ( l_vg(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 587 | ALLOCATE ( lambda_surface_u(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 588 | ALLOCATE ( lambda_surface_s(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1496] | 589 | ALLOCATE ( m_fc(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 590 | ALLOCATE ( m_res(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 591 | ALLOCATE ( m_sat(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 592 | ALLOCATE ( m_wilt(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1551] | 593 | ALLOCATE ( n_vg(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 594 | ALLOCATE ( qsws_eb(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 595 | ALLOCATE ( qsws_soil_eb(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 596 | ALLOCATE ( qsws_liq_eb(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 597 | ALLOCATE ( qsws_veg_eb(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1585] | 598 | ALLOCATE ( rad_net_l(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1496] | 599 | ALLOCATE ( r_a(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 600 | ALLOCATE ( r_canopy(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 601 | ALLOCATE ( r_soil(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 602 | ALLOCATE ( r_soil_min(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 603 | ALLOCATE ( r_s(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1551] | 604 | ALLOCATE ( r_canopy_min(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 605 | ALLOCATE ( shf_eb(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1496] | 606 | |
---|
[1551] | 607 | #if ! defined( __nopointer ) |
---|
[1496] | 608 | ! |
---|
[1585] | 609 | !-- Initial assignment of the pointers |
---|
[1551] | 610 | t_soil => t_soil_1; t_soil_p => t_soil_2 |
---|
| 611 | t_surface => t_surface_1; t_surface_p => t_surface_2 |
---|
| 612 | m_soil => m_soil_1; m_soil_p => m_soil_2 |
---|
| 613 | m_liq_eb => m_liq_eb_1; m_liq_eb_p => m_liq_eb_2 |
---|
| 614 | #endif |
---|
[1496] | 615 | |
---|
| 616 | |
---|
[1551] | 617 | END SUBROUTINE init_lsm_arrays |
---|
[1500] | 618 | |
---|
[1551] | 619 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 620 | ! Description: |
---|
| 621 | ! ------------ |
---|
[1682] | 622 | !> Initialization of the land surface model |
---|
[1551] | 623 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 624 | SUBROUTINE init_lsm |
---|
| 625 | |
---|
| 626 | |
---|
| 627 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
| 628 | |
---|
[1682] | 629 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
---|
| 630 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
---|
| 631 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index |
---|
[1551] | 632 | |
---|
[1691] | 633 | REAL(wp) :: pt_1 !< potential temperature at first grid level |
---|
[1551] | 634 | |
---|
[1691] | 635 | |
---|
[1551] | 636 | ! |
---|
| 637 | !-- Calculate Exner function |
---|
[1691] | 638 | exn = ( surface_pressure / 1000.0_wp )**0.286_wp |
---|
[1551] | 639 | |
---|
| 640 | |
---|
| 641 | ! |
---|
| 642 | !-- If no cloud physics is used, rho_surface has not been calculated before |
---|
| 643 | IF ( .NOT. cloud_physics ) THEN |
---|
| 644 | rho_surface = surface_pressure * 100.0_wp / ( r_d * pt_surface * exn ) |
---|
| 645 | ENDIF |
---|
| 646 | |
---|
| 647 | ! |
---|
| 648 | !-- Calculate frequently used parameters |
---|
| 649 | rho_cp = cp * rho_surface |
---|
| 650 | rd_d_rv = r_d / r_v |
---|
| 651 | rho_lv = rho_surface * l_v |
---|
| 652 | drho_l_lv = 1.0_wp / (rho_l * l_v) |
---|
| 653 | |
---|
| 654 | ! |
---|
| 655 | !-- Set inital values for prognostic quantities |
---|
| 656 | tt_surface_m = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 657 | tt_soil_m = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 658 | tm_liq_eb_m = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 659 | c_liq = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 660 | |
---|
| 661 | ghf_eb = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 662 | shf_eb = rho_cp * shf |
---|
| 663 | |
---|
[1500] | 664 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 665 | qsws_eb = rho_l * l_v * qsws |
---|
[1500] | 666 | ELSE |
---|
[1551] | 667 | qsws_eb = 0.0_wp |
---|
[1500] | 668 | ENDIF |
---|
| 669 | |
---|
[1551] | 670 | qsws_liq_eb = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 671 | qsws_soil_eb = qsws_eb |
---|
| 672 | qsws_veg_eb = 0.0_wp |
---|
[1496] | 673 | |
---|
| 674 | r_a = 50.0_wp |
---|
[1551] | 675 | r_s = 50.0_wp |
---|
[1496] | 676 | r_canopy = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 677 | r_soil = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 678 | |
---|
| 679 | ! |
---|
| 680 | !-- Allocate 3D soil model arrays |
---|
[1551] | 681 | ALLOCATE ( root_fr(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 682 | ALLOCATE ( lambda_h(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 683 | ALLOCATE ( rho_c_total(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1496] | 684 | |
---|
| 685 | lambda_h = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 686 | ! |
---|
| 687 | !-- If required, allocate humidity-related variables for the soil model |
---|
| 688 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 689 | ALLOCATE ( lambda_w(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
| 690 | ALLOCATE ( gamma_w(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
[1496] | 691 | |
---|
| 692 | lambda_w = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 693 | ENDIF |
---|
| 694 | |
---|
| 695 | ! |
---|
| 696 | !-- Calculate grid spacings. Temperature and moisture are defined at |
---|
[1691] | 697 | !-- the edges of the soil layers (_stag), whereas gradients/fluxes are defined |
---|
| 698 | !-- at the centers |
---|
| 699 | dz_soil(nzb_soil) = zs(nzb_soil) |
---|
[1496] | 700 | |
---|
[1691] | 701 | DO k = nzb_soil+1, nzt_soil |
---|
| 702 | dz_soil(k) = zs(k) - zs(k-1) |
---|
[1496] | 703 | ENDDO |
---|
[1691] | 704 | dz_soil(nzt_soil+1) = dz_soil(nzt_soil) |
---|
[1496] | 705 | |
---|
[1691] | 706 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil-1 |
---|
| 707 | dz_soil_stag(k) = 0.5_wp * (dz_soil(k+1) + dz_soil(k)) |
---|
[1496] | 708 | ENDDO |
---|
[1691] | 709 | dz_soil_stag(nzt_soil) = dz_soil(nzt_soil) |
---|
[1496] | 710 | |
---|
[1551] | 711 | ddz_soil = 1.0_wp / dz_soil |
---|
| 712 | ddz_soil_stag = 1.0_wp / dz_soil_stag |
---|
| 713 | |
---|
[1496] | 714 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 715 | !-- Initialize standard soil types. It is possible to overwrite each |
---|
| 716 | !-- parameter by setting the respecticy NAMELIST variable to a |
---|
| 717 | !-- value /= 9999999.9. |
---|
| 718 | IF ( soil_type /= 0 ) THEN |
---|
| 719 | |
---|
| 720 | IF ( alpha_vangenuchten == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 721 | alpha_vangenuchten = soil_pars(0,soil_type) |
---|
| 722 | ENDIF |
---|
| 723 | |
---|
| 724 | IF ( l_vangenuchten == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 725 | l_vangenuchten = soil_pars(1,soil_type) |
---|
| 726 | ENDIF |
---|
| 727 | |
---|
| 728 | IF ( n_vangenuchten == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 729 | n_vangenuchten = soil_pars(2,soil_type) |
---|
| 730 | ENDIF |
---|
| 731 | |
---|
| 732 | IF ( hydraulic_conductivity == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 733 | hydraulic_conductivity = soil_pars(3,soil_type) |
---|
| 734 | ENDIF |
---|
| 735 | |
---|
| 736 | IF ( saturation_moisture == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 737 | saturation_moisture = m_soil_pars(0,soil_type) |
---|
| 738 | ENDIF |
---|
| 739 | |
---|
| 740 | IF ( field_capacity == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 741 | field_capacity = m_soil_pars(1,soil_type) |
---|
| 742 | ENDIF |
---|
| 743 | |
---|
| 744 | IF ( wilting_point == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 745 | wilting_point = m_soil_pars(2,soil_type) |
---|
| 746 | ENDIF |
---|
| 747 | |
---|
| 748 | IF ( residual_moisture == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 749 | residual_moisture = m_soil_pars(3,soil_type) |
---|
| 750 | ENDIF |
---|
| 751 | |
---|
[1496] | 752 | ENDIF |
---|
| 753 | |
---|
[1551] | 754 | alpha_vg = alpha_vangenuchten |
---|
| 755 | l_vg = l_vangenuchten |
---|
| 756 | n_vg = n_vangenuchten |
---|
| 757 | gamma_w_sat = hydraulic_conductivity |
---|
| 758 | m_sat = saturation_moisture |
---|
| 759 | m_fc = field_capacity |
---|
| 760 | m_wilt = wilting_point |
---|
| 761 | m_res = residual_moisture |
---|
| 762 | r_soil_min = min_soil_resistance |
---|
| 763 | |
---|
[1496] | 764 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 765 | !-- Initial run actions |
---|
| 766 | IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN |
---|
[1496] | 767 | |
---|
[1551] | 768 | t_soil = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 769 | m_liq_eb = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 770 | m_soil = 0.0_wp |
---|
[1496] | 771 | |
---|
[1551] | 772 | ! |
---|
| 773 | !-- Map user settings of T and q for each soil layer |
---|
| 774 | !-- (make sure that the soil moisture does not drop below the permanent |
---|
| 775 | !-- wilting point) -> problems with devision by zero) |
---|
[1691] | 776 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
[1551] | 777 | t_soil(k,:,:) = soil_temperature(k) |
---|
| 778 | m_soil(k,:,:) = MAX(soil_moisture(k),m_wilt(:,:)) |
---|
| 779 | soil_moisture(k) = MAX(soil_moisture(k),wilting_point) |
---|
| 780 | ENDDO |
---|
| 781 | t_soil(nzt_soil+1,:,:) = soil_temperature(nzt_soil+1) |
---|
[1496] | 782 | |
---|
[1551] | 783 | ! |
---|
| 784 | !-- Calculate surface temperature |
---|
[1691] | 785 | t_surface = pt_surface * exn |
---|
| 786 | t_surface_p = t_surface |
---|
[1496] | 787 | |
---|
| 788 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 789 | !-- Set artifical values for ts and us so that r_a has its initial value for |
---|
| 790 | !-- the first time step |
---|
| 791 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
| 792 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
| 793 | k = nzb_s_inner(j,i) |
---|
| 794 | |
---|
[1691] | 795 | IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN |
---|
| 796 | pt_1 = pt(k+1,j,i) + l_d_cp * pt_d_t(k+1) * ql(k+1,j,i) |
---|
| 797 | ELSE |
---|
| 798 | pt_1 = pt(k+1,j,i) |
---|
| 799 | ENDIF |
---|
| 800 | |
---|
[1551] | 801 | ! |
---|
| 802 | !-- Assure that r_a cannot be zero at model start |
---|
[1691] | 803 | IF ( pt_1 == pt(k,j,i) ) pt_1 = pt_1 + 1.0E-10_wp |
---|
[1551] | 804 | |
---|
[1691] | 805 | us(j,i) = 0.1_wp |
---|
| 806 | ts(j,i) = (pt_1 - pt(k,j,i)) / r_a(j,i) |
---|
[1551] | 807 | shf(j,i) = - us(j,i) * ts(j,i) |
---|
| 808 | ENDDO |
---|
| 809 | ENDDO |
---|
| 810 | |
---|
| 811 | ! |
---|
| 812 | !-- Actions for restart runs |
---|
| 813 | ELSE |
---|
| 814 | |
---|
| 815 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
| 816 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
| 817 | k = nzb_s_inner(j,i) |
---|
| 818 | t_surface(j,i) = pt(k,j,i) * exn |
---|
| 819 | ENDDO |
---|
| 820 | ENDDO |
---|
| 821 | |
---|
| 822 | ENDIF |
---|
| 823 | |
---|
[1691] | 824 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
[1551] | 825 | root_fr(k,:,:) = root_fraction(k) |
---|
| 826 | ENDDO |
---|
[1496] | 827 | |
---|
[1551] | 828 | IF ( veg_type /= 0 ) THEN |
---|
| 829 | IF ( min_canopy_resistance == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 830 | min_canopy_resistance = veg_pars(0,veg_type) |
---|
| 831 | ENDIF |
---|
| 832 | IF ( leaf_area_index == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 833 | leaf_area_index = veg_pars(1,veg_type) |
---|
| 834 | ENDIF |
---|
| 835 | IF ( vegetation_coverage == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 836 | vegetation_coverage = veg_pars(2,veg_type) |
---|
| 837 | ENDIF |
---|
| 838 | IF ( canopy_resistance_coefficient == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 839 | canopy_resistance_coefficient= veg_pars(3,veg_type) |
---|
| 840 | ENDIF |
---|
| 841 | IF ( lambda_surface_stable == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 842 | lambda_surface_stable = surface_pars(0,veg_type) |
---|
| 843 | ENDIF |
---|
| 844 | IF ( lambda_surface_unstable == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 845 | lambda_surface_unstable = surface_pars(1,veg_type) |
---|
| 846 | ENDIF |
---|
| 847 | IF ( f_shortwave_incoming == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 848 | f_shortwave_incoming = surface_pars(2,veg_type) |
---|
| 849 | ENDIF |
---|
| 850 | IF ( z0_eb == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 851 | roughness_length = roughness_par(0,veg_type) |
---|
| 852 | z0_eb = roughness_par(0,veg_type) |
---|
| 853 | ENDIF |
---|
| 854 | IF ( z0h_eb == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 855 | z0h_eb = roughness_par(1,veg_type) |
---|
| 856 | ENDIF |
---|
| 857 | z0h_factor = z0h_eb / z0_eb |
---|
[1496] | 858 | |
---|
[1551] | 859 | IF ( ANY( root_fraction == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN |
---|
[1691] | 860 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
[1551] | 861 | root_fr(k,:,:) = root_distribution(k,veg_type) |
---|
| 862 | root_fraction(k) = root_distribution(k,veg_type) |
---|
| 863 | ENDDO |
---|
| 864 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 865 | |
---|
[1553] | 866 | ELSE |
---|
| 867 | |
---|
| 868 | IF ( z0_eb == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 869 | z0_eb = roughness_length |
---|
| 870 | ENDIF |
---|
| 871 | IF ( z0h_eb == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 872 | z0h_eb = z0_eb * z0h_factor |
---|
| 873 | ENDIF |
---|
| 874 | |
---|
[1496] | 875 | ENDIF |
---|
| 876 | |
---|
| 877 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 878 | !-- Initialize vegetation |
---|
| 879 | r_canopy_min = min_canopy_resistance |
---|
| 880 | lai = leaf_area_index |
---|
| 881 | c_veg = vegetation_coverage |
---|
| 882 | g_d = canopy_resistance_coefficient |
---|
| 883 | lambda_surface_s = lambda_surface_stable |
---|
| 884 | lambda_surface_u = lambda_surface_unstable |
---|
| 885 | f_sw_in = f_shortwave_incoming |
---|
| 886 | z0 = z0_eb |
---|
| 887 | z0h = z0h_eb |
---|
| 888 | |
---|
| 889 | ! |
---|
[1496] | 890 | !-- Possibly do user-defined actions (e.g. define heterogeneous land surface) |
---|
| 891 | CALL user_init_land_surface |
---|
| 892 | |
---|
[1500] | 893 | |
---|
[1551] | 894 | t_soil_p = t_soil |
---|
| 895 | m_soil_p = m_soil |
---|
| 896 | m_liq_eb_p = m_liq_eb |
---|
[1496] | 897 | |
---|
[1551] | 898 | !-- Store initial profiles of t_soil and m_soil (assuming they are |
---|
| 899 | !-- horizontally homogeneous on this PE) |
---|
| 900 | hom(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1,90,:) = SPREAD( t_soil(nzb_soil:nzt_soil, & |
---|
| 901 | nysg,nxlg), 2, & |
---|
| 902 | statistic_regions+1 ) |
---|
| 903 | hom(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1,92,:) = SPREAD( m_soil(nzb_soil:nzt_soil, & |
---|
| 904 | nysg,nxlg), 2, & |
---|
| 905 | statistic_regions+1 ) |
---|
| 906 | |
---|
[1496] | 907 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 908 | !-- Add timeseries for land surface model |
---|
[1691] | 909 | dots_soil = dots_num + 1 |
---|
| 910 | dots_num = dots_num + 8 |
---|
[1585] | 911 | |
---|
[1691] | 912 | dots_label(dots_soil) = "ghf_eb" |
---|
| 913 | dots_label(dots_soil+1) = "shf_eb" |
---|
| 914 | dots_label(dots_soil+2) = "qsws_eb" |
---|
| 915 | dots_label(dots_soil+3) = "qsws_liq_eb" |
---|
| 916 | dots_label(dots_soil+4) = "qsws_soil_eb" |
---|
| 917 | dots_label(dots_soil+5) = "qsws_veg_eb" |
---|
| 918 | dots_label(dots_soil+6) = "r_a" |
---|
| 919 | dots_label(dots_soil+7) = "r_s" |
---|
[1551] | 920 | |
---|
[1691] | 921 | dots_unit(dots_soil:dots_soil+5) = "W/m2" |
---|
| 922 | dots_unit(dots_soil+6:dots_soil+7) = "s/m" |
---|
[1555] | 923 | |
---|
[1496] | 924 | RETURN |
---|
| 925 | |
---|
| 926 | END SUBROUTINE init_lsm |
---|
| 927 | |
---|
| 928 | |
---|
| 929 | |
---|
| 930 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 931 | ! Description: |
---|
| 932 | ! ------------ |
---|
[1682] | 933 | !> Solver for the energy balance at the surface. |
---|
[1496] | 934 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 935 | SUBROUTINE lsm_energy_balance |
---|
| 936 | |
---|
| 937 | |
---|
| 938 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
| 939 | |
---|
[1682] | 940 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
---|
| 941 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
---|
| 942 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k, ks !< running index |
---|
[1496] | 943 | |
---|
[1682] | 944 | REAL(wp) :: f1, & !< resistance correction term 1 |
---|
| 945 | f2, & !< resistance correction term 2 |
---|
| 946 | f3, & !< resistance correction term 3 |
---|
| 947 | m_min, & !< minimum soil moisture |
---|
| 948 | e, & !< water vapour pressure |
---|
| 949 | e_s, & !< water vapour saturation pressure |
---|
| 950 | e_s_dt, & !< derivate of e_s with respect to T |
---|
| 951 | tend, & !< tendency |
---|
| 952 | dq_s_dt, & !< derivate of q_s with respect to T |
---|
| 953 | coef_1, & !< coef. for prognostic equation |
---|
| 954 | coef_2, & !< coef. for prognostic equation |
---|
| 955 | f_qsws, & !< factor for qsws_eb |
---|
| 956 | f_qsws_veg, & !< factor for qsws_veg_eb |
---|
| 957 | f_qsws_soil, & !< factor for qsws_soil_eb |
---|
| 958 | f_qsws_liq, & !< factor for qsws_liq_eb |
---|
| 959 | f_shf, & !< factor for shf_eb |
---|
| 960 | lambda_surface, & !< Current value of lambda_surface |
---|
[1691] | 961 | m_liq_eb_max, & !< maxmimum value of the liq. water reservoir |
---|
| 962 | pt_1, & !< potential temperature at first grid level |
---|
| 963 | qv_1 !< specific humidity at first grid level |
---|
[1496] | 964 | |
---|
| 965 | ! |
---|
| 966 | !-- Calculate the exner function for the current time step |
---|
| 967 | exn = ( surface_pressure / 1000.0_wp )**0.286_wp |
---|
| 968 | |
---|
[1691] | 969 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
| 970 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
[1500] | 971 | k = nzb_s_inner(j,i) |
---|
[1496] | 972 | |
---|
| 973 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 974 | !-- Set lambda_surface according to stratification |
---|
[1695] | 975 | IF ( ol(j,i) >= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 976 | lambda_surface = lambda_surface_s(j,i) |
---|
[1496] | 977 | ELSE |
---|
[1551] | 978 | lambda_surface = lambda_surface_u(j,i) |
---|
[1496] | 979 | ENDIF |
---|
[1500] | 980 | |
---|
[1496] | 981 | ! |
---|
[1500] | 982 | !-- First step: calculate aerodyamic resistance. As pt, us, ts |
---|
| 983 | !-- are not available for the prognostic time step, data from the last |
---|
| 984 | !-- time step is used here. Note that this formulation is the |
---|
| 985 | !-- equivalent to the ECMWF formulation using drag coefficients |
---|
[1691] | 986 | IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN |
---|
| 987 | pt_1 = pt(k+1,j,i) + l_d_cp * pt_d_t(k+1) * ql(k+1,j,i) |
---|
| 988 | qv_1 = q(k+1,j,i) - ql(k+1,j,i) |
---|
| 989 | ELSE |
---|
| 990 | pt_1 = pt(k+1,j,i) |
---|
| 991 | qv_1 = q(k+1,j,i) |
---|
| 992 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 993 | |
---|
[1691] | 994 | r_a(j,i) = (pt_1 - pt(k,j,i)) / (ts(j,i) * us(j,i) + 1.0E-20_wp) |
---|
| 995 | |
---|
[1496] | 996 | ! |
---|
| 997 | !-- Second step: calculate canopy resistance r_canopy |
---|
| 998 | !-- f1-f3 here are defined as 1/f1-f3 as in ECMWF documentation |
---|
| 999 | |
---|
[1551] | 1000 | !-- f1: correction for incoming shortwave radiation (stomata close at |
---|
| 1001 | !-- night) |
---|
[1585] | 1002 | IF ( radiation_scheme /= 'constant' ) THEN |
---|
| 1003 | f1 = MIN( 1.0_wp, ( 0.004_wp * rad_sw_in(k,j,i) + 0.05_wp ) /& |
---|
| 1004 | (0.81_wp * (0.004_wp * rad_sw_in(k,j,i) & |
---|
| 1005 | + 1.0_wp)) ) |
---|
[1551] | 1006 | ELSE |
---|
| 1007 | f1 = 1.0_wp |
---|
| 1008 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 1009 | |
---|
| 1010 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1011 | !-- f2: correction for soil moisture availability to plants (the |
---|
| 1012 | !-- integrated soil moisture must thus be considered here) |
---|
| 1013 | !-- f2 = 0 for very dry soils |
---|
[1496] | 1014 | m_total = 0.0_wp |
---|
[1691] | 1015 | DO ks = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
[1551] | 1016 | m_total = m_total + root_fr(ks,j,i) & |
---|
| 1017 | * MAX(m_soil(ks,j,i),m_wilt(j,i)) |
---|
[1496] | 1018 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1019 | |
---|
[1691] | 1020 | IF ( m_total > m_wilt(j,i) .AND. m_total < m_fc(j,i) ) THEN |
---|
[1496] | 1021 | f2 = ( m_total - m_wilt(j,i) ) / (m_fc(j,i) - m_wilt(j,i) ) |
---|
[1691] | 1022 | ELSEIF ( m_total >= m_fc(j,i) ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1023 | f2 = 1.0_wp |
---|
[1496] | 1024 | ELSE |
---|
| 1025 | f2 = 1.0E-20_wp |
---|
| 1026 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1027 | |
---|
| 1028 | ! |
---|
| 1029 | !-- Calculate water vapour pressure at saturation |
---|
[1551] | 1030 | e_s = 0.01_wp * 610.78_wp * EXP( 17.269_wp * ( t_surface(j,i) & |
---|
| 1031 | - 273.16_wp ) / ( t_surface(j,i) - 35.86_wp ) ) |
---|
[1496] | 1032 | |
---|
| 1033 | ! |
---|
| 1034 | !-- f3: correction for vapour pressure deficit |
---|
[1551] | 1035 | IF ( g_d(j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
[1496] | 1036 | ! |
---|
| 1037 | !-- Calculate vapour pressure |
---|
[1691] | 1038 | e = qv_1 * surface_pressure / 0.622_wp |
---|
[1551] | 1039 | f3 = EXP ( -g_d(j,i) * (e_s - e) ) |
---|
[1496] | 1040 | ELSE |
---|
| 1041 | f3 = 1.0_wp |
---|
| 1042 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1043 | |
---|
| 1044 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1045 | !-- Calculate canopy resistance. In case that c_veg is 0 (bare soils), |
---|
| 1046 | !-- this calculation is obsolete, as r_canopy is not used below. |
---|
[1496] | 1047 | !-- To do: check for very dry soil -> r_canopy goes to infinity |
---|
[1551] | 1048 | r_canopy(j,i) = r_canopy_min(j,i) / (lai(j,i) * f1 * f2 * f3 & |
---|
| 1049 | + 1.0E-20_wp) |
---|
[1496] | 1050 | |
---|
| 1051 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1052 | !-- Third step: calculate bare soil resistance r_soil. The Clapp & |
---|
| 1053 | !-- Hornberger parametrization does not consider c_veg. |
---|
| 1054 | IF ( soil_type /= 7 ) THEN |
---|
| 1055 | m_min = c_veg(j,i) * m_wilt(j,i) + (1.0_wp - c_veg(j,i)) * & |
---|
| 1056 | m_res(j,i) |
---|
| 1057 | ELSE |
---|
| 1058 | m_min = m_wilt(j,i) |
---|
| 1059 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 1060 | |
---|
[1551] | 1061 | f2 = ( m_soil(nzb_soil,j,i) - m_min ) / ( m_fc(j,i) - m_min ) |
---|
[1513] | 1062 | f2 = MAX(f2,1.0E-20_wp) |
---|
[1551] | 1063 | f2 = MIN(f2,1.0_wp) |
---|
[1496] | 1064 | |
---|
| 1065 | r_soil(j,i) = r_soil_min(j,i) / f2 |
---|
| 1066 | |
---|
| 1067 | ! |
---|
| 1068 | !-- Calculate fraction of liquid water reservoir |
---|
[1551] | 1069 | m_liq_eb_max = m_max_depth * lai(j,i) |
---|
| 1070 | c_liq(j,i) = MIN(1.0_wp, m_liq_eb(j,i) / (m_liq_eb_max+1.0E-20_wp)) |
---|
| 1071 | |
---|
[1496] | 1072 | |
---|
[1551] | 1073 | ! |
---|
| 1074 | !-- Calculate saturation specific humidity |
---|
[1496] | 1075 | q_s = 0.622_wp * e_s / surface_pressure |
---|
[1500] | 1076 | |
---|
| 1077 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1078 | !-- In case of dewfall, set evapotranspiration to zero |
---|
| 1079 | !-- All super-saturated water is then removed from the air |
---|
[1691] | 1080 | IF ( humidity .AND. q_s <= qv_1 ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1081 | r_canopy(j,i) = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 1082 | r_soil(j,i) = 0.0_wp |
---|
[1691] | 1083 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 1084 | |
---|
| 1085 | ! |
---|
| 1086 | !-- Calculate coefficients for the total evapotranspiration |
---|
[1551] | 1087 | f_qsws_veg = rho_lv * c_veg(j,i) * (1.0_wp - c_liq(j,i))/ & |
---|
| 1088 | (r_a(j,i) + r_canopy(j,i)) |
---|
[1496] | 1089 | |
---|
[1551] | 1090 | f_qsws_soil = rho_lv * (1.0_wp - c_veg(j,i)) / (r_a(j,i) + & |
---|
| 1091 | r_soil(j,i)) |
---|
| 1092 | f_qsws_liq = rho_lv * c_veg(j,i) * c_liq(j,i) / r_a(j,i) |
---|
[1496] | 1093 | |
---|
[1551] | 1094 | |
---|
[1500] | 1095 | ! |
---|
| 1096 | !-- If soil moisture is below wilting point, plants do no longer |
---|
| 1097 | !-- transpirate. |
---|
[1691] | 1098 | ! IF ( m_soil(k,j,i) < m_wilt(j,i) ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1099 | ! f_qsws_veg = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 1100 | ! ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 1101 | |
---|
| 1102 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1103 | !-- If dewfall is deactivated, vegetation, soil and liquid water |
---|
| 1104 | !-- reservoir are not allowed to take up water from the super-saturated |
---|
| 1105 | !-- air. |
---|
| 1106 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
[1691] | 1107 | IF ( q_s <= qv_1 ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1108 | IF ( .NOT. dewfall ) THEN |
---|
| 1109 | f_qsws_veg = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 1110 | f_qsws_soil = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 1111 | f_qsws_liq = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 1112 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1113 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1114 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1115 | |
---|
| 1116 | f_shf = rho_cp / r_a(j,i) |
---|
| 1117 | f_qsws = f_qsws_veg + f_qsws_soil + f_qsws_liq |
---|
| 1118 | |
---|
| 1119 | ! |
---|
[1496] | 1120 | !-- Calculate derivative of q_s for Taylor series expansion |
---|
[1571] | 1121 | e_s_dt = e_s * ( 17.269_wp / (t_surface(j,i) - 35.86_wp) - & |
---|
[1551] | 1122 | 17.269_wp*(t_surface(j,i) - 273.16_wp) & |
---|
| 1123 | / (t_surface(j,i) - 35.86_wp)**2 ) |
---|
[1496] | 1124 | |
---|
[1571] | 1125 | dq_s_dt = 0.622_wp * e_s_dt / surface_pressure |
---|
[1496] | 1126 | |
---|
| 1127 | ! |
---|
| 1128 | !-- Add LW up so that it can be removed in prognostic equation |
---|
[1691] | 1129 | rad_net_l(j,i) = rad_net(j,i) + rad_lw_out(nzb,j,i) |
---|
[1496] | 1130 | |
---|
[1691] | 1131 | |
---|
[1500] | 1132 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
[1691] | 1133 | #if defined ( __rrtmg ) |
---|
[1496] | 1134 | ! |
---|
[1500] | 1135 | !-- Numerator of the prognostic equation |
---|
[1691] | 1136 | coef_1 = rad_net_l(j,i) + rrtm_lwuflx_dt(0,nzb) & |
---|
| 1137 | * t_surface(j,i) - rad_lw_out(nzb,j,i) & |
---|
| 1138 | + f_shf * pt_1 + f_qsws * ( qv_1 - q_s & |
---|
[1571] | 1139 | + dq_s_dt * t_surface(j,i) ) + lambda_surface & |
---|
[1551] | 1140 | * t_soil(nzb_soil,j,i) |
---|
[1496] | 1141 | |
---|
| 1142 | ! |
---|
[1500] | 1143 | !-- Denominator of the prognostic equation |
---|
[1691] | 1144 | coef_2 = rrtm_lwuflx_dt(0,nzb) + f_qsws * dq_s_dt & |
---|
| 1145 | + lambda_surface + f_shf / exn |
---|
| 1146 | #else |
---|
[1496] | 1147 | |
---|
[1691] | 1148 | ! |
---|
| 1149 | !-- Numerator of the prognostic equation |
---|
| 1150 | coef_1 = rad_net_l(j,i) + 3.0_wp * sigma_sb & |
---|
| 1151 | * t_surface(j,i) ** 4 & |
---|
| 1152 | + f_shf * pt_1 + f_qsws * ( qv_1 & |
---|
| 1153 | - q_s + dq_s_dt * t_surface(j,i) ) & |
---|
| 1154 | + lambda_surface * t_soil(nzb_soil,j,i) |
---|
| 1155 | |
---|
| 1156 | ! |
---|
| 1157 | !-- Denominator of the prognostic equation |
---|
| 1158 | coef_2 = 4.0_wp * sigma_sb * t_surface(j,i) ** 3 + f_qsws & |
---|
| 1159 | * dq_s_dt + lambda_surface + f_shf / exn |
---|
| 1160 | |
---|
| 1161 | #endif |
---|
[1500] | 1162 | ELSE |
---|
| 1163 | |
---|
[1691] | 1164 | #if defined ( __rrtmg ) |
---|
[1500] | 1165 | ! |
---|
| 1166 | !-- Numerator of the prognostic equation |
---|
[1691] | 1167 | coef_1 = rad_net_l(j,i) + rrtm_lwuflx_dt(0,nzb) & |
---|
| 1168 | * t_surface(j,i) - rad_lw_out(nzb,j,i) & |
---|
| 1169 | + f_shf * pt_1 + lambda_surface & |
---|
[1551] | 1170 | * t_soil(nzb_soil,j,i) |
---|
[1500] | 1171 | |
---|
| 1172 | ! |
---|
| 1173 | !-- Denominator of the prognostic equation |
---|
[1691] | 1174 | coef_2 = rrtm_lwuflx_dt(0,nzb) + lambda_surface + f_shf / exn |
---|
| 1175 | #else |
---|
| 1176 | |
---|
| 1177 | ! |
---|
| 1178 | !-- Numerator of the prognostic equation |
---|
| 1179 | coef_1 = rad_net_l(j,i) + 3.0_wp * sigma_sb & |
---|
| 1180 | * t_surface(j,i) ** 4 + f_shf * pt_1 & |
---|
| 1181 | + lambda_surface * t_soil(nzb_soil,j,i) |
---|
| 1182 | |
---|
| 1183 | ! |
---|
| 1184 | !-- Denominator of the prognostic equation |
---|
[1571] | 1185 | coef_2 = 4.0_wp * sigma_sb * t_surface(j,i) ** 3 & |
---|
[1551] | 1186 | + lambda_surface + f_shf / exn |
---|
[1691] | 1187 | #endif |
---|
[1500] | 1188 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1189 | |
---|
[1691] | 1190 | |
---|
[1496] | 1191 | tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 1192 | |
---|
| 1193 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1194 | !-- Implicit solution when the surface layer has no heat capacity, |
---|
[1496] | 1195 | !-- otherwise use RK3 scheme. |
---|
[1551] | 1196 | t_surface_p(j,i) = ( coef_1 * dt_3d * tsc(2) + c_surface * & |
---|
| 1197 | t_surface(j,i) ) / ( c_surface + coef_2 * dt_3d& |
---|
| 1198 | * tsc(2) ) |
---|
[1496] | 1199 | ! |
---|
| 1200 | !-- Add RK3 term |
---|
[1691] | 1201 | IF ( c_surface /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
[1496] | 1202 | |
---|
[1691] | 1203 | t_surface_p(j,i) = t_surface_p(j,i) + dt_3d * tsc(3) & |
---|
| 1204 | * tt_surface_m(j,i) |
---|
| 1205 | |
---|
[1496] | 1206 | ! |
---|
[1691] | 1207 | !-- Calculate true tendency |
---|
| 1208 | tend = (t_surface_p(j,i) - t_surface(j,i) - dt_3d * tsc(3) & |
---|
| 1209 | * tt_surface_m(j,i)) / (dt_3d * tsc(2)) |
---|
[1496] | 1210 | ! |
---|
[1691] | 1211 | !-- Calculate t_surface tendencies for the next Runge-Kutta step |
---|
| 1212 | IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) THEN |
---|
| 1213 | IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN |
---|
| 1214 | tt_surface_m(j,i) = tend |
---|
| 1215 | ELSEIF ( intermediate_timestep_count < & |
---|
| 1216 | intermediate_timestep_count_max ) THEN |
---|
| 1217 | tt_surface_m(j,i) = -9.5625_wp * tend + 5.3125_wp & |
---|
| 1218 | * tt_surface_m(j,i) |
---|
| 1219 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 1220 | ENDIF |
---|
[1691] | 1221 | |
---|
[1496] | 1222 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1223 | |
---|
| 1224 | ! |
---|
[1691] | 1225 | !-- In case of fast changes in the skin temperature, it is required to |
---|
| 1226 | !-- update the radiative fluxes in order to keep the solution stable |
---|
| 1227 | IF ( ABS( t_surface_p(j,i) - t_surface(j,i) ) > 0.2_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 1228 | force_radiation_call_l = .TRUE. |
---|
| 1229 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1230 | |
---|
| 1231 | pt(k,j,i) = t_surface_p(j,i) / exn |
---|
| 1232 | |
---|
| 1233 | ! |
---|
[1496] | 1234 | !-- Calculate fluxes |
---|
[1691] | 1235 | #if defined ( __rrtmg ) |
---|
| 1236 | rad_net_l(j,i) = rad_net_l(j,i) + rrtm_lwuflx_dt(0,nzb) & |
---|
| 1237 | * t_surface(j,i) - rad_lw_out(nzb,j,i) & |
---|
| 1238 | - rrtm_lwuflx_dt(0,nzb) * t_surface_p(j,i) |
---|
| 1239 | |
---|
| 1240 | IF ( rrtm_idrv == 1 ) THEN |
---|
| 1241 | rad_net(j,i) = rad_net_l(j,i) |
---|
| 1242 | rad_lw_out(nzb,j,i) = rad_lw_out(nzb,j,i) & |
---|
| 1243 | + rrtm_lwuflx_dt(0,nzb) & |
---|
| 1244 | * ( t_surface_p(j,i) - t_surface(j,i) ) |
---|
| 1245 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1246 | #else |
---|
| 1247 | rad_net_l(j,i) = rad_net_l(j,i) + 3.0_wp * sigma_sb & |
---|
| 1248 | * t_surface(j,i)**4 - 4.0_wp * sigma_sb & |
---|
| 1249 | * t_surface(j,i)**3 * t_surface_p(j,i) |
---|
| 1250 | rad_net(j,i) = rad_net_l(j,i) |
---|
| 1251 | #endif |
---|
| 1252 | |
---|
[1551] | 1253 | ghf_eb(j,i) = lambda_surface * (t_surface_p(j,i) & |
---|
| 1254 | - t_soil(nzb_soil,j,i)) |
---|
[1496] | 1255 | |
---|
[1691] | 1256 | shf_eb(j,i) = - f_shf * ( pt_1 - pt(k,j,i) ) |
---|
| 1257 | |
---|
| 1258 | shf(j,i) = shf_eb(j,i) / rho_cp |
---|
| 1259 | |
---|
[1500] | 1260 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
[1691] | 1261 | qsws_eb(j,i) = - f_qsws * ( qv_1 - q_s + dq_s_dt & |
---|
[1571] | 1262 | * t_surface(j,i) - dq_s_dt * t_surface_p(j,i) ) |
---|
[1496] | 1263 | |
---|
[1691] | 1264 | qsws(j,i) = qsws_eb(j,i) / rho_lv |
---|
| 1265 | |
---|
| 1266 | qsws_veg_eb(j,i) = - f_qsws_veg * ( qv_1 - q_s & |
---|
[1571] | 1267 | + dq_s_dt * t_surface(j,i) - dq_s_dt & |
---|
[1551] | 1268 | * t_surface_p(j,i) ) |
---|
| 1269 | |
---|
[1691] | 1270 | qsws_soil_eb(j,i) = - f_qsws_soil * ( qv_1 - q_s & |
---|
[1571] | 1271 | + dq_s_dt * t_surface(j,i) - dq_s_dt & |
---|
[1551] | 1272 | * t_surface_p(j,i) ) |
---|
| 1273 | |
---|
[1691] | 1274 | qsws_liq_eb(j,i) = - f_qsws_liq * ( qv_1 - q_s & |
---|
[1571] | 1275 | + dq_s_dt * t_surface(j,i) - dq_s_dt & |
---|
[1551] | 1276 | * t_surface_p(j,i) ) |
---|
[1500] | 1277 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1278 | ! |
---|
| 1279 | !-- Calculate the true surface resistance |
---|
[1691] | 1280 | IF ( qsws_eb(j,i) == 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1281 | r_s(j,i) = 1.0E10_wp |
---|
[1496] | 1282 | ELSE |
---|
[1691] | 1283 | r_s(j,i) = - rho_lv * ( qv_1 - q_s + dq_s_dt & |
---|
[1571] | 1284 | * t_surface(j,i) - dq_s_dt * t_surface_p(j,i) ) & |
---|
[1551] | 1285 | / qsws_eb(j,i) - r_a(j,i) |
---|
[1496] | 1286 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1287 | |
---|
| 1288 | ! |
---|
| 1289 | !-- Calculate change in liquid water reservoir due to dew fall or |
---|
[1500] | 1290 | !-- evaporation of liquid water |
---|
| 1291 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
[1496] | 1292 | ! |
---|
[1571] | 1293 | !-- If precipitation is activated, add rain water to qsws_liq_eb |
---|
| 1294 | !-- and qsws_soil_eb according the the vegetation coverage. |
---|
[1500] | 1295 | !-- precipitation_rate is given in mm. |
---|
| 1296 | IF ( precipitation ) THEN |
---|
[1571] | 1297 | |
---|
| 1298 | ! |
---|
| 1299 | !-- Add precipitation to liquid water reservoir, if possible. |
---|
| 1300 | !-- Otherwise, add the water to bare soil fraction. |
---|
[1691] | 1301 | IF ( m_liq_eb(j,i) /= m_liq_eb_max ) THEN |
---|
[1571] | 1302 | qsws_liq_eb(j,i) = qsws_liq_eb(j,i) & |
---|
[1691] | 1303 | + c_veg(j,i) * prr(k,j,i) * hyrho(k) & |
---|
[1571] | 1304 | * 0.001_wp * rho_l * l_v |
---|
| 1305 | ELSE |
---|
| 1306 | qsws_soil_eb(j,i) = qsws_soil_eb(j,i) & |
---|
[1691] | 1307 | + c_veg(j,i) * prr(k,j,i) * hyrho(k) & |
---|
[1571] | 1308 | * 0.001_wp * rho_l * l_v |
---|
| 1309 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1310 | |
---|
| 1311 | !-- Add precipitation to bare soil according to the bare soil |
---|
| 1312 | !-- coverage. |
---|
| 1313 | qsws_soil_eb(j,i) = qsws_soil_eb(j,i) * (1.0_wp & |
---|
[1691] | 1314 | - c_veg(j,i)) * prr(k,j,i) * hyrho(k) & |
---|
[1571] | 1315 | * 0.001_wp * rho_l * l_v |
---|
[1496] | 1316 | ENDIF |
---|
[1691] | 1317 | |
---|
[1500] | 1318 | ! |
---|
| 1319 | !-- If the air is saturated, check the reservoir water level |
---|
[1691] | 1320 | IF ( qsws_eb(j,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 1321 | |
---|
[1500] | 1322 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1323 | !-- Check if reservoir is full (avoid values > m_liq_eb_max) |
---|
| 1324 | !-- In that case, qsws_liq_eb goes to qsws_soil_eb. In this |
---|
| 1325 | !-- case qsws_veg_eb is zero anyway (because c_liq = 1), |
---|
| 1326 | !-- so that tend is zero and no further check is needed |
---|
[1691] | 1327 | IF ( m_liq_eb(j,i) == m_liq_eb_max ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1328 | qsws_soil_eb(j,i) = qsws_soil_eb(j,i) & |
---|
| 1329 | + qsws_liq_eb(j,i) |
---|
| 1330 | qsws_liq_eb(j,i) = 0.0_wp |
---|
[1500] | 1331 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 1332 | |
---|
| 1333 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1334 | !-- In case qsws_veg_eb becomes negative (unphysical behavior), |
---|
| 1335 | !-- let the water enter the liquid water reservoir as dew on the |
---|
[1500] | 1336 | !-- plant |
---|
[1691] | 1337 | IF ( qsws_veg_eb(j,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1338 | qsws_liq_eb(j,i) = qsws_liq_eb(j,i) + qsws_veg_eb(j,i) |
---|
| 1339 | qsws_veg_eb(j,i) = 0.0_wp |
---|
[1500] | 1340 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1341 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 1342 | |
---|
[1551] | 1343 | tend = - qsws_liq_eb(j,i) * drho_l_lv |
---|
[1496] | 1344 | |
---|
[1551] | 1345 | m_liq_eb_p(j,i) = m_liq_eb(j,i) + dt_3d * ( tsc(2) * tend & |
---|
| 1346 | + tsc(3) * tm_liq_eb_m(j,i) ) |
---|
[1496] | 1347 | |
---|
| 1348 | ! |
---|
[1500] | 1349 | !-- Check if reservoir is overfull -> reduce to maximum |
---|
| 1350 | !-- (conservation of water is violated here) |
---|
[1551] | 1351 | m_liq_eb_p(j,i) = MIN(m_liq_eb_p(j,i),m_liq_eb_max) |
---|
[1496] | 1352 | |
---|
| 1353 | ! |
---|
[1500] | 1354 | !-- Check if reservoir is empty (avoid values < 0.0) |
---|
| 1355 | !-- (conservation of water is violated here) |
---|
[1551] | 1356 | m_liq_eb_p(j,i) = MAX(m_liq_eb_p(j,i),0.0_wp) |
---|
[1496] | 1357 | |
---|
| 1358 | |
---|
| 1359 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1360 | !-- Calculate m_liq_eb tendencies for the next Runge-Kutta step |
---|
[1500] | 1361 | IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) THEN |
---|
| 1362 | IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1363 | tm_liq_eb_m(j,i) = tend |
---|
[1500] | 1364 | ELSEIF ( intermediate_timestep_count < & |
---|
| 1365 | intermediate_timestep_count_max ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1366 | tm_liq_eb_m(j,i) = -9.5625_wp * tend + 5.3125_wp & |
---|
| 1367 | * tm_liq_eb_m(j,i) |
---|
[1500] | 1368 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 1369 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1370 | |
---|
[1500] | 1371 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1372 | |
---|
[1496] | 1373 | ENDDO |
---|
[1500] | 1374 | ENDDO |
---|
[1496] | 1375 | |
---|
[1691] | 1376 | ! |
---|
| 1377 | !-- Make a logical OR for all processes. Force radiation call if at |
---|
| 1378 | !-- least one processor |
---|
[1697] | 1379 | IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == intermediate_timestep_count_max-1 ) & |
---|
[1691] | 1380 | THEN |
---|
[1697] | 1381 | #if defined( __parallel ) |
---|
[1691] | 1382 | IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr ) |
---|
| 1383 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( force_radiation_call_l, force_radiation_call, & |
---|
| 1384 | 1, MPI_LOGICAL, MPI_LOR, comm2d, ierr ) |
---|
| 1385 | #else |
---|
| 1386 | force_radiation_call = force_radiation_call_l |
---|
| 1387 | #endif |
---|
| 1388 | force_radiation_call_l = .FALSE. |
---|
| 1389 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1390 | |
---|
| 1391 | |
---|
[1496] | 1392 | END SUBROUTINE lsm_energy_balance |
---|
| 1393 | |
---|
| 1394 | |
---|
| 1395 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 1396 | ! Description: |
---|
| 1397 | ! ------------ |
---|
[1682] | 1398 | !> Soil model as part of the land surface model. The model predicts soil |
---|
| 1399 | !> temperature and water content. |
---|
[1496] | 1400 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 1401 | SUBROUTINE lsm_soil_model |
---|
| 1402 | |
---|
| 1403 | |
---|
| 1404 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
| 1405 | |
---|
[1682] | 1406 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
---|
| 1407 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
---|
| 1408 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index |
---|
[1496] | 1409 | |
---|
[1682] | 1410 | REAL(wp) :: h_vg !< Van Genuchten coef. h |
---|
[1496] | 1411 | |
---|
[1682] | 1412 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_soil:nzt_soil) :: gamma_temp, & !< temp. gamma |
---|
[1691] | 1413 | lambda_temp, & !< temp. lambda |
---|
| 1414 | tend !< tendency |
---|
[1496] | 1415 | |
---|
[1691] | 1416 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
| 1417 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
| 1418 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
[1496] | 1419 | ! |
---|
| 1420 | !-- Calculate volumetric heat capacity of the soil, taking into |
---|
| 1421 | !-- account water content |
---|
[1551] | 1422 | rho_c_total(k,j,i) = (rho_c_soil * (1.0_wp - m_sat(j,i)) & |
---|
| 1423 | + rho_c_water * m_soil(k,j,i)) |
---|
[1496] | 1424 | |
---|
| 1425 | ! |
---|
[1691] | 1426 | !-- Calculate soil heat conductivity at the center of the soil |
---|
[1496] | 1427 | !-- layers |
---|
[1691] | 1428 | lambda_h_sat = lambda_h_sm ** (1.0_wp - m_sat(j,i)) * & |
---|
| 1429 | lambda_h_water ** m_soil(k,j,i) |
---|
| 1430 | |
---|
[1551] | 1431 | ke = 1.0_wp + LOG10(MAX(0.1_wp,m_soil(k,j,i) / m_sat(j,i))) |
---|
[1691] | 1432 | |
---|
| 1433 | lambda_temp(k) = ke * (lambda_h_sat - lambda_h_dry) + & |
---|
[1496] | 1434 | lambda_h_dry |
---|
| 1435 | |
---|
| 1436 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1437 | |
---|
| 1438 | ! |
---|
| 1439 | !-- Calculate soil heat conductivity (lambda_h) at the _stag level |
---|
| 1440 | !-- using linear interpolation |
---|
[1691] | 1441 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil-1 |
---|
| 1442 | lambda_h(k,j,i) = ( lambda_temp(k+1) + lambda_temp(k) ) * 0.5_wp |
---|
[1496] | 1443 | ENDDO |
---|
[1551] | 1444 | lambda_h(nzt_soil,j,i) = lambda_temp(nzt_soil) |
---|
[1496] | 1445 | |
---|
| 1446 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1447 | !-- Prognostic equation for soil temperature t_soil |
---|
[1496] | 1448 | tend(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
[1691] | 1449 | tend(nzb_soil) = (1.0_wp/rho_c_total(nzb_soil,j,i)) * & |
---|
[1551] | 1450 | ( lambda_h(nzb_soil,j,i) * ( t_soil(nzb_soil+1,j,i) & |
---|
[1691] | 1451 | - t_soil(nzb_soil,j,i) ) * ddz_soil(nzb_soil+1) & |
---|
[1551] | 1452 | + ghf_eb(j,i) ) * ddz_soil_stag(nzb_soil) |
---|
[1496] | 1453 | |
---|
[1691] | 1454 | |
---|
| 1455 | |
---|
| 1456 | |
---|
| 1457 | DO k = nzb_soil+1, nzt_soil |
---|
[1551] | 1458 | tend(k) = (1.0_wp/rho_c_total(k,j,i)) & |
---|
[1496] | 1459 | * ( lambda_h(k,j,i) & |
---|
[1551] | 1460 | * ( t_soil(k+1,j,i) - t_soil(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
[1691] | 1461 | * ddz_soil(k+1) & |
---|
[1496] | 1462 | - lambda_h(k-1,j,i) & |
---|
[1551] | 1463 | * ( t_soil(k,j,i) - t_soil(k-1,j,i) ) & |
---|
[1691] | 1464 | * ddz_soil(k) & |
---|
[1496] | 1465 | ) * ddz_soil_stag(k) |
---|
| 1466 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1467 | |
---|
[1551] | 1468 | t_soil_p(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,j,i) = t_soil(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,j,i) & |
---|
[1496] | 1469 | + dt_3d * ( tsc(2) & |
---|
| 1470 | * tend(:) + tsc(3) & |
---|
[1551] | 1471 | * tt_soil_m(:,j,i) ) |
---|
[1496] | 1472 | |
---|
| 1473 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1474 | !-- Calculate t_soil tendencies for the next Runge-Kutta step |
---|
[1496] | 1475 | IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) THEN |
---|
| 1476 | IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1477 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
| 1478 | tt_soil_m(k,j,i) = tend(k) |
---|
[1496] | 1479 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1480 | ELSEIF ( intermediate_timestep_count < & |
---|
| 1481 | intermediate_timestep_count_max ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1482 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
| 1483 | tt_soil_m(k,j,i) = -9.5625_wp * tend(k) + 5.3125_wp & |
---|
| 1484 | * tt_soil_m(k,j,i) |
---|
[1496] | 1485 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1486 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1487 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1488 | |
---|
| 1489 | |
---|
[1691] | 1490 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
[1551] | 1491 | |
---|
[1496] | 1492 | ! |
---|
| 1493 | !-- Calculate soil diffusivity at the center of the soil layers |
---|
[1551] | 1494 | lambda_temp(k) = (- b_ch * gamma_w_sat(j,i) * psi_sat & |
---|
[1496] | 1495 | / m_sat(j,i) ) * ( MAX(m_soil(k,j,i), & |
---|
[1551] | 1496 | m_wilt(j,i)) / m_sat(j,i) )**(b_ch + 2.0_wp) |
---|
[1496] | 1497 | |
---|
| 1498 | ! |
---|
[1551] | 1499 | !-- Parametrization of Van Genuchten |
---|
| 1500 | IF ( soil_type /= 7 ) THEN |
---|
| 1501 | ! |
---|
| 1502 | !-- Calculate the hydraulic conductivity after Van Genuchten |
---|
| 1503 | !-- (1980) |
---|
| 1504 | h_vg = ( ( (m_res(j,i) - m_sat(j,i)) / ( m_res(j,i) - & |
---|
| 1505 | MAX(m_soil(k,j,i),m_wilt(j,i)) ) )**(n_vg(j,i) & |
---|
| 1506 | / (n_vg(j,i)-1.0_wp)) - 1.0_wp & |
---|
| 1507 | )**(1.0_wp/n_vg(j,i)) / alpha_vg(j,i) |
---|
[1496] | 1508 | |
---|
[1691] | 1509 | |
---|
[1551] | 1510 | gamma_temp(k) = gamma_w_sat(j,i) * ( ( (1.0_wp + & |
---|
| 1511 | (alpha_vg(j,i)*h_vg)**n_vg(j,i))**(1.0_wp & |
---|
| 1512 | -1.0_wp/n_vg(j,i)) - (alpha_vg(j,i)*h_vg & |
---|
| 1513 | )**(n_vg(j,i)-1.0_wp))**2 ) & |
---|
| 1514 | / ( (1.0_wp + (alpha_vg(j,i)*h_vg & |
---|
| 1515 | )**n_vg(j,i))**((1.0_wp - 1.0_wp/n_vg(j,i)) & |
---|
| 1516 | *(l_vg(j,i) + 2.0_wp)) ) |
---|
[1496] | 1517 | |
---|
[1551] | 1518 | ! |
---|
| 1519 | !-- Parametrization of Clapp & Hornberger |
---|
| 1520 | ELSE |
---|
| 1521 | gamma_temp(k) = gamma_w_sat(j,i) * (m_soil(k,j,i) & |
---|
| 1522 | / m_sat(j,i) )**(2.0_wp * b_ch + 3.0_wp) |
---|
| 1523 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1524 | |
---|
[1496] | 1525 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1526 | |
---|
| 1527 | |
---|
| 1528 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
| 1529 | ! |
---|
| 1530 | !-- Calculate soil diffusivity (lambda_w) at the _stag level |
---|
[1551] | 1531 | !-- using linear interpolation. To do: replace this with |
---|
| 1532 | !-- ECMWF-IFS Eq. 8.81 |
---|
[1691] | 1533 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil-1 |
---|
[1496] | 1534 | |
---|
[1691] | 1535 | lambda_w(k,j,i) = ( lambda_temp(k+1) + lambda_temp(k) ) & |
---|
| 1536 | * 0.5_wp |
---|
| 1537 | gamma_w(k,j,i) = ( gamma_temp(k+1) + gamma_temp(k) ) & |
---|
| 1538 | * 0.5_wp |
---|
[1496] | 1539 | |
---|
| 1540 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1541 | |
---|
| 1542 | ! |
---|
| 1543 | ! |
---|
| 1544 | !-- In case of a closed bottom (= water content is conserved), set |
---|
| 1545 | !-- hydraulic conductivity to zero to that no water will be lost |
---|
| 1546 | !-- in the bottom layer. |
---|
| 1547 | IF ( conserve_water_content ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1548 | gamma_w(nzt_soil,j,i) = 0.0_wp |
---|
[1496] | 1549 | ELSE |
---|
[1691] | 1550 | gamma_w(nzt_soil,j,i) = gamma_temp(nzt_soil) |
---|
[1496] | 1551 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1552 | |
---|
[1551] | 1553 | !-- The root extraction (= root_extr * qsws_veg_eb / (rho_l * l_v)) |
---|
[1496] | 1554 | !-- ensures the mass conservation for water. The transpiration of |
---|
| 1555 | !-- plants equals the cumulative withdrawals by the roots in the |
---|
| 1556 | !-- soil. The scheme takes into account the availability of water |
---|
| 1557 | !-- in the soil layers as well as the root fraction in the |
---|
[1551] | 1558 | !-- respective layer. Layer with moisture below wilting point will |
---|
| 1559 | !-- not contribute, which reflects the preference of plants to |
---|
| 1560 | !-- take water from moister layers. |
---|
[1496] | 1561 | |
---|
| 1562 | ! |
---|
[1691] | 1563 | !-- Calculate the root extraction (ECMWF 7.69, the sum of root_extr |
---|
| 1564 | !-- = 1). The energy balance solver guarantees a positive |
---|
| 1565 | !-- transpiration, so that there is no need for an additional check. |
---|
| 1566 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
| 1567 | IF ( m_soil(k,j,i) > m_wilt(j,i) ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1568 | m_total = m_total + root_fr(k,j,i) * m_soil(k,j,i) |
---|
| 1569 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 1570 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1571 | |
---|
[1691] | 1572 | IF ( m_total > 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
| 1573 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
| 1574 | IF ( m_soil(k,j,i) > m_wilt(j,i) ) THEN |
---|
| 1575 | root_extr(k) = root_fr(k,j,i) * m_soil(k,j,i) / m_total |
---|
| 1576 | ELSE |
---|
| 1577 | root_extr(k) = 0.0_wp |
---|
| 1578 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1579 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1580 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 1581 | |
---|
| 1582 | ! |
---|
| 1583 | !-- Prognostic equation for soil water content m_soil |
---|
| 1584 | tend(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
[1551] | 1585 | tend(nzb_soil) = ( lambda_w(nzb_soil,j,i) * ( & |
---|
| 1586 | m_soil(nzb_soil+1,j,i) - m_soil(nzb_soil,j,i) ) & |
---|
[1691] | 1587 | * ddz_soil(nzb_soil+1) - gamma_w(nzb_soil,j,i) - ( & |
---|
[1551] | 1588 | root_extr(nzb_soil) * qsws_veg_eb(j,i) & |
---|
| 1589 | + qsws_soil_eb(j,i) ) * drho_l_lv ) & |
---|
| 1590 | * ddz_soil_stag(nzb_soil) |
---|
[1496] | 1591 | |
---|
[1551] | 1592 | DO k = nzb_soil+1, nzt_soil-1 |
---|
[1496] | 1593 | tend(k) = ( lambda_w(k,j,i) * ( m_soil(k+1,j,i) & |
---|
[1691] | 1594 | - m_soil(k,j,i) ) * ddz_soil(k+1) - gamma_w(k,j,i)& |
---|
| 1595 | - lambda_w(k-1,j,i) * (m_soil(k,j,i) - & |
---|
| 1596 | m_soil(k-1,j,i)) * ddz_soil(k) & |
---|
| 1597 | + gamma_w(k-1,j,i) - (root_extr(k) & |
---|
| 1598 | * qsws_veg_eb(j,i) * drho_l_lv) & |
---|
[1496] | 1599 | ) * ddz_soil_stag(k) |
---|
| 1600 | |
---|
| 1601 | ENDDO |
---|
[1551] | 1602 | tend(nzt_soil) = ( - gamma_w(nzt_soil,j,i) & |
---|
| 1603 | - lambda_w(nzt_soil-1,j,i) & |
---|
| 1604 | * (m_soil(nzt_soil,j,i) & |
---|
| 1605 | - m_soil(nzt_soil-1,j,i)) & |
---|
[1691] | 1606 | * ddz_soil(nzt_soil) & |
---|
[1551] | 1607 | + gamma_w(nzt_soil-1,j,i) - ( & |
---|
| 1608 | root_extr(nzt_soil) & |
---|
| 1609 | * qsws_veg_eb(j,i) * drho_l_lv ) & |
---|
| 1610 | ) * ddz_soil_stag(nzt_soil) |
---|
[1496] | 1611 | |
---|
[1551] | 1612 | m_soil_p(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,j,i) = m_soil(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,j,i)& |
---|
[1496] | 1613 | + dt_3d * ( tsc(2) * tend(:) & |
---|
| 1614 | + tsc(3) * tm_soil_m(:,j,i) ) |
---|
| 1615 | |
---|
| 1616 | ! |
---|
| 1617 | !-- Account for dry soils (find a better solution here!) |
---|
| 1618 | m_soil_p(:,j,i) = MAX(m_soil_p(:,j,i),0.0_wp) |
---|
| 1619 | |
---|
| 1620 | ! |
---|
| 1621 | !-- Calculate m_soil tendencies for the next Runge-Kutta step |
---|
| 1622 | IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) THEN |
---|
| 1623 | IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1624 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
[1496] | 1625 | tm_soil_m(k,j,i) = tend(k) |
---|
| 1626 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1627 | ELSEIF ( intermediate_timestep_count < & |
---|
| 1628 | intermediate_timestep_count_max ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1629 | DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil |
---|
[1496] | 1630 | tm_soil_m(k,j,i) = -9.5625_wp * tend(k) + 5.3125_wp & |
---|
| 1631 | * tm_soil_m(k,j,i) |
---|
| 1632 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1633 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1634 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1635 | |
---|
| 1636 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1637 | |
---|
| 1638 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1639 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1640 | |
---|
| 1641 | ! |
---|
| 1642 | !-- Calculate surface specific humidity |
---|
| 1643 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
[1551] | 1644 | CALL calc_q_surface |
---|
[1496] | 1645 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1646 | |
---|
| 1647 | |
---|
| 1648 | END SUBROUTINE lsm_soil_model |
---|
| 1649 | |
---|
| 1650 | |
---|
| 1651 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 1652 | ! Description: |
---|
| 1653 | ! ------------ |
---|
[1682] | 1654 | !> Calculation of specific humidity of the surface layer (surface) |
---|
[1496] | 1655 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
[1551] | 1656 | SUBROUTINE calc_q_surface |
---|
[1496] | 1657 | |
---|
| 1658 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
| 1659 | |
---|
[1682] | 1660 | INTEGER :: i !< running index |
---|
| 1661 | INTEGER :: j !< running index |
---|
| 1662 | INTEGER :: k !< running index |
---|
| 1663 | REAL(wp) :: resistance !< aerodynamic and soil resistance term |
---|
[1496] | 1664 | |
---|
[1691] | 1665 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
| 1666 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
[1496] | 1667 | k = nzb_s_inner(j,i) |
---|
| 1668 | |
---|
| 1669 | ! |
---|
| 1670 | !-- Calculate water vapour pressure at saturation |
---|
[1691] | 1671 | e_s = 0.01_wp * 610.78_wp * EXP( 17.269_wp * ( t_surface_p(j,i) & |
---|
| 1672 | - 273.16_wp ) / ( t_surface_p(j,i) - 35.86_wp ) ) |
---|
[1496] | 1673 | |
---|
| 1674 | ! |
---|
| 1675 | !-- Calculate specific humidity at saturation |
---|
| 1676 | q_s = 0.622_wp * e_s / surface_pressure |
---|
| 1677 | |
---|
| 1678 | resistance = r_a(j,i) / (r_a(j,i) + r_s(j,i)) |
---|
| 1679 | |
---|
| 1680 | ! |
---|
| 1681 | !-- Calculate specific humidity at surface |
---|
[1691] | 1682 | IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN |
---|
| 1683 | q(k,j,i) = resistance * q_s + (1.0_wp - resistance) & |
---|
| 1684 | * ( q(k+1,j,i) - ql(k+1,j,i) ) |
---|
| 1685 | ELSE |
---|
| 1686 | q(k,j,i) = resistance * q_s + (1.0_wp - resistance) & |
---|
| 1687 | * q(k+1,j,i) |
---|
| 1688 | ENDIF |
---|
[1496] | 1689 | |
---|
[1691] | 1690 | ! |
---|
| 1691 | !-- Update virtual potential temperature |
---|
| 1692 | vpt(k,j,i) = pt(k,j,i) * ( 1.0_wp + 0.61_wp * q(k,j,i) ) |
---|
| 1693 | |
---|
[1496] | 1694 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1695 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1696 | |
---|
[1551] | 1697 | END SUBROUTINE calc_q_surface |
---|
[1496] | 1698 | |
---|
[1551] | 1699 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 1700 | ! Description: |
---|
| 1701 | ! ------------ |
---|
[1682] | 1702 | !> Swapping of timelevels |
---|
[1551] | 1703 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
| 1704 | SUBROUTINE lsm_swap_timelevel ( mod_count ) |
---|
[1496] | 1705 | |
---|
[1551] | 1706 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
| 1707 | |
---|
| 1708 | INTEGER, INTENT(IN) :: mod_count |
---|
| 1709 | |
---|
| 1710 | #if defined( __nopointer ) |
---|
| 1711 | |
---|
| 1712 | t_surface = t_surface_p |
---|
| 1713 | t_soil = t_soil_p |
---|
| 1714 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
| 1715 | m_soil = m_soil_p |
---|
| 1716 | m_liq_eb = m_liq_eb_p |
---|
| 1717 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1718 | |
---|
| 1719 | #else |
---|
| 1720 | |
---|
| 1721 | SELECT CASE ( mod_count ) |
---|
| 1722 | |
---|
| 1723 | CASE ( 0 ) |
---|
| 1724 | |
---|
[1585] | 1725 | t_surface => t_surface_1; t_surface_p => t_surface_2 |
---|
| 1726 | t_soil => t_soil_1; t_soil_p => t_soil_2 |
---|
[1551] | 1727 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
[1585] | 1728 | m_soil => m_soil_1; m_soil_p => m_soil_2 |
---|
| 1729 | m_liq_eb => m_liq_eb_1; m_liq_eb_p => m_liq_eb_2 |
---|
[1551] | 1730 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1731 | |
---|
| 1732 | |
---|
| 1733 | CASE ( 1 ) |
---|
| 1734 | |
---|
[1585] | 1735 | t_surface => t_surface_2; t_surface_p => t_surface_1 |
---|
| 1736 | t_soil => t_soil_2; t_soil_p => t_soil_1 |
---|
[1551] | 1737 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
[1585] | 1738 | m_soil => m_soil_2; m_soil_p => m_soil_1 |
---|
| 1739 | m_liq_eb => m_liq_eb_2; m_liq_eb_p => m_liq_eb_1 |
---|
[1551] | 1740 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1741 | |
---|
| 1742 | END SELECT |
---|
| 1743 | #endif |
---|
| 1744 | |
---|
| 1745 | END SUBROUTINE lsm_swap_timelevel |
---|
| 1746 | |
---|
| 1747 | |
---|
[1496] | 1748 | END MODULE land_surface_model_mod |
---|