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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/init_grid.f90 @ 1924

Last change on this file since 1924 was 1911, checked in by raasch, 9 years ago
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1	!> @file init_grid.f90
2	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
6	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
7	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8	!
9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
10	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
11	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
12	!
13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
14	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
15	!
16	! Copyright 1997-2016 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
17	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
18	!
19	! Current revisions:
20	! -----------------
21	!
22	!
23	! Former revisions:
24	! -----------------
25	! $Id: init_grid.f90 1911 2016-05-26 06:55:16Z knoop $
26	!
27	! 1910 2016-05-26 06:49:46Z raasch
28	! Bugfix: if topography is read from file, Neumann conditions are used for the
29	! nzb_local array (instead of cyclic conditions) in case that non-cyclic
30	! boundary conditions are switched on for the run
31	!
32	! 1902 2016-05-09 11:18:56Z suehring
33	! Set topography flags for multigrid solver only (not for multigrid_fast)
34	!
35	! 1886 2016-04-21 11:20:47Z suehring
36	! Bugfix: setting advection flags near walls
37	! reformulated index values for nzb_v_inner
38	! variable discriptions added in declaration block
39	!
40	! 1845 2016-04-08 08:29:13Z raasch
41	! nzb_2d removed
42	!
43	! 1804 2016-04-05 16:30:18Z maronga
44	! Removed code for parameter file check (__check)
45	!
46	! 1779 2016-03-03 08:01:28Z raasch
47	! coupling_char is trimmed at every place it occurs, because it can have
48	! different length now
49	!
50	! 1762 2016-02-25 12:31:13Z hellstea
51	! Introduction of nested domain feature
52	!
53	! 1743 2016-01-13 10:23:51Z raasch
54	! Bugfix for calculation of nzb_s_outer and nzb_u_outer at north boundary of
55	! total domain
56	!
57	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
58	! Renamed prandtl_layer to constant_flux_layer.
59	!
60	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
61	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
62	!
63	! 1677 2015-10-02 13:25:23Z boeske
64	! Bugfix: Ghost points are included in wall_flags_0 and wall_flags_00
65	!
66	! 1675 2015-10-02 08:28:59Z gronemeier
67	! Bugfix: Definition of topography grid levels
68	!
69	! 1660 2015-09-21 08:15:16Z gronemeier
70	! Bugfix: Definition of topography grid levels if vertical grid stretching
71	! starts below the maximum topography height.
72	!
73	! 1580 2015-04-10 13:43:49Z suehring
74	! Bugfix: setting flags for 5th order scheme near buildings
75	!
76	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
77	! adjustments for psolver-queries
78	!
79	! 1557 2015-03-05 16:43:04Z suehring
80	! Adjustment for monotoinic limiter
81	!
82	! 1418 2014-06-06 13:05:08Z fricke
83	! Bugfix: Change if-condition for stretched grid in the ocean, with the old
84	! condition and a negative value for dz_stretch_level the condition
85	! was always true for the whole model domain
86	!
87	! 1409 2014-05-23 12:11:32Z suehring
88	! Bugfix: set wall_flags_0 at inflow and outflow boundary also for i <= nxlu
89	! j <= nysv
90	!
91	! 1353 2014-04-08 15:21:23Z heinze
92	! REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute
93	!
94	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
95	! REAL constants defined as wp-kind
96	!
97	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
98	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
99	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
100	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
101	! revision history before 2012 removed,
102	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
103	! all variable declaration statements
104	!
105	! 1221 2013-09-10 08:59:13Z raasch
106	! wall_flags_00 introduced to hold bits 32-63,
107	! additional 3D-flag arrays for replacing the 2D-index array nzb_s_inner in
108	! loops optimized for openACC (pres + flow_statistics)
109	!
110	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
111	! unused variables removed
112	!
113	! 1069 2012-11-28 16:18:43Z maronga
114	! bugfix: added coupling_char to TOPOGRAPHY_DATA to allow topography in the
115	! ocean model in case of coupled runs
116	!
117	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
118	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
119	!
120	! 1015 2012-09-27 09:23:24Z raasch
121	! lower index for calculating wall_flags_0 set to nzb_w_inner instead of
122	! nzb_w_inner+1
123	!
124	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
125	! little reformatting
126	!
127	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
128	! Bugfix: nzb_max is set to nzt at non-cyclic lateral boundaries
129	! Bugfix: Set wall_flags_0 for inflow boundary
130	!
131	! 927 2012-06-06 19:15:04Z raasch
132	! Wall flags are not set for multigrid method in case of masking method
133	!
134	! 864 2012-03-27 15:10:33Z gryschka
135	! In case of ocean and Dirichlet bottom bc for u and v dzu_mg and ddzu_pres
136	! were not correctly defined for k=1.
137	!
138	! 861 2012-03-26 14:18:34Z suehring
139	! Set wall_flags_0. The array is needed for degradation in ws-scheme near walls,
140	! inflow and outflow boundaries as well as near the bottom and the top of the
141	! model domain.!
142	! Initialization of nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner.
143	! gls has to be at least nbgp to do not exceed the array bounds of nzb_local
144	! while setting wall_flags_0
145	!
146	! 843 2012-02-29 15:16:21Z gryschka
147	! In case of ocean and dirichlet bc for u and v at the bottom
148	! the first u-level ist defined at same height as the first w-level
149	!
150	! 818 2012-02-08 16:11:23Z maronga
151	! Bugfix: topo_height is only required if topography is used. It is thus now
152	! allocated in the topography branch
153	!
154	! 809 2012-01-30 13:32:58Z maronga
155	! Bugfix: replaced .AND. and .NOT. with && and ! in the preprocessor directives
156	!
157	! 807 2012-01-25 11:53:51Z maronga
158	! New cpp directive "__check" implemented which is used by check_namelist_files
159	!
160	! Revision 1.1 1997/08/11 06:17:45 raasch
161	! Initial revision (Testversion)
162	!
163	!
164	! Description:
165	! ------------
166	!> Creating grid depending constants
167	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
168	SUBROUTINE init_grid
169
170
171	USE arrays_3d, &
172	ONLY: dd2zu, ddzu, ddzu_pres, ddzw, dzu, dzu_mg, dzw, dzw_mg, f1_mg, &
173	f2_mg, f3_mg, l_grid, l_wall, zu, zw
174
175	USE control_parameters, &
176	ONLY: bc_lr_cyc, bc_ns_cyc, building_height, building_length_x, &
177	building_length_y, building_wall_left, building_wall_south, &
178	canyon_height, canyon_wall_left, canyon_wall_south, &
179	canyon_width_x, canyon_width_y, constant_flux_layer, &
180	coupling_char, dp_level_ind_b, dz, dz_max, dz_stretch_factor, &
181	dz_stretch_level, dz_stretch_level_index, ibc_uv_b, io_blocks, &
182	io_group, inflow_l, inflow_n, inflow_r, inflow_s, &
183	masking_method, maximum_grid_level, message_string, &
184	momentum_advec, nest_domain, nest_bound_l, nest_bound_n, &
185	nest_bound_r, nest_bound_s, ocean, outflow_l, outflow_n, &
186	outflow_r, outflow_s, psolver, scalar_advec, topography, &
187	topography_grid_convention, use_surface_fluxes, use_top_fluxes, &
188	wall_adjustment_factor
189
190	USE grid_variables, &
191	ONLY: ddx, ddx2, ddx2_mg, ddy, ddy2, ddy2_mg, dx, dx2, dy, dy2, fwxm, &
192	fwxp, fwym, fwyp, fxm, fxp, fym, fyp, wall_e_x, wall_e_y, &
193	wall_u, wall_v, wall_w_x, wall_w_y, zu_s_inner, zw_w_inner
194
195	USE indices, &
196	ONLY: flags, nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxlu, nxl_mg, nxr, nxrg, nxr_mg, &
197	ny, nyn, nyng, nyn_mg, nys, nysv, nys_mg, nysg, nz, nzb, &
198	nzb_diff, nzb_diff_s_inner, nzb_diff_s_outer, nzb_diff_u, &
199	nzb_diff_v, nzb_max, nzb_s_inner, nzb_s_outer, nzb_u_inner, &
200	nzb_u_outer, nzb_v_inner, nzb_v_outer, nzb_w_inner, &
201	nzb_w_outer, nzt, nzt_diff, nzt_mg, rflags_invers, &
202	rflags_s_inner, wall_flags_0, wall_flags_00, wall_flags_1, &
203	wall_flags_10, wall_flags_2, wall_flags_3, wall_flags_4, &
204	wall_flags_5, wall_flags_6, wall_flags_7, wall_flags_8, &
205	wall_flags_9
206
207	USE kinds
208
209	USE pegrid
210
211	IMPLICIT NONE
212
213	INTEGER(iwp) :: bh !< temporary vertical index of building height
214	INTEGER(iwp) :: blx !< grid point number of building size along x
215	INTEGER(iwp) :: bly !< grid point number of building size along y
216	INTEGER(iwp) :: bxl !< index for left building wall
217	INTEGER(iwp) :: bxr !< index for right building wall
218	INTEGER(iwp) :: byn !< index for north building wall
219	INTEGER(iwp) :: bys !< index for south building wall
220	INTEGER(iwp) :: ch !< temporary vertical index for canyon height
221	INTEGER(iwp) :: cwx !< grid point number of canyon size along x
222	INTEGER(iwp) :: cwy !< grid point number of canyon size along y
223	INTEGER(iwp) :: cxl !< index for left canyon wall
224	INTEGER(iwp) :: cxr !< index for right canyon wall
225	INTEGER(iwp) :: cyn !< index for north canyon wall
226	INTEGER(iwp) :: cys !< index for south canyon wall
227	INTEGER(iwp) :: gls !< number of lateral ghost points at total model
228	!< domain boundaries required for multigrid solver
229	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< index variable along x
230	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop variable for reading topography file
231	INTEGER(iwp) :: inc !< incremental parameter for coarsening grid level
232	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< index variable along y
233	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index variable along z
234	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop variable
235	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_l !< index of left PE boundary for multigrid level
236	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_l !< index of right PE boundary for multigrid level
237	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_l !< index of north PE boundary for multigrid level
238	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_l !< index of south PE boundary for multigrid level
239	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_si !< dummy index for local nzb_s_inner
240	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_l !< index of top PE boundary for multigrid level
241	INTEGER(iwp) :: vi !< dummy for vertical influence
242
243	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: &
244	vertical_influence !< number of vertical grid points above
245	!< obstacle where adjustment of near-
246	!< wall mixing length is required
247
248	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_nl !< index of
249	!< north-left corner location to limit
250	!< near-wall mixing length
251	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_nr !< north-right
252	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_sl !< south-left
253	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_sr !< south-right
254	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_l !< distance to
255	!< adjacent left-facing
256	!< wall
257	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_n !< north-facing
258	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_r !< right-facing
259	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_s !< right-facing
260	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nzb_local !< index for topography
261	!< top at cell-center
262	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nzb_tmp !< dummy to calculate
263	!< topography indices
264	!< on u- and v-grid
265
266	LOGICAL :: flag_set = .FALSE. !< steering variable for advection flags
267
268	REAL(wp) :: dx_l !< grid spacing along x on different multigrid level
269	REAL(wp) :: dy_l !< grid spacing along y on different multigrid level
270	REAL(wp) :: dz_stretched !< stretched vertical grid spacing
271
272	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: topo_height !< input variable for
273	!< topography height
274
275
276	!
277	!-- Calculation of horizontal array bounds including ghost layers
278	nxlg = nxl - nbgp
279	nxrg = nxr + nbgp
280	nysg = nys - nbgp
281	nyng = nyn + nbgp
282
283	!
284	!-- Allocate grid arrays
285	ALLOCATE( ddzu(1:nzt+1), ddzw(1:nzt+1), dd2zu(1:nzt), dzu(1:nzt+1), &
286	dzw(1:nzt+1), l_grid(1:nzt), zu(nzb:nzt+1), zw(nzb:nzt+1) )
287
288	!
289	!-- Compute height of u-levels from constant grid length and dz stretch factors
290	IF ( dz == -1.0_wp ) THEN
291	message_string = 'missing dz'
292	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0200', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
293	ELSEIF ( dz <= 0.0_wp ) THEN
294	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'dz=',dz,' <= 0.0'
295	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0201', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
296	ENDIF
297
298	!
299	!-- Define the vertical grid levels
300	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
301	!
302	!-- Grid for atmosphere with surface at z=0 (k=0, w-grid).
303	!-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the
304	!-- Prandtl-layer.
305
306	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2 ) THEN
307	zu(0) = 0.0_wp
308	! zu(0) = - dz * 0.5_wp
309	ELSE
310	zu(0) = - dz * 0.5_wp
311	ENDIF
312	zu(1) = dz * 0.5_wp
313
314	dz_stretch_level_index = nzt+1
315	dz_stretched = dz
316	DO k = 2, nzt+1
317	IF ( dz_stretch_level <= zu(k-1) .AND. dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN
318	dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor
319	dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max )
320	IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == nzt+1 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k-1
321	ENDIF
322	zu(k) = zu(k-1) + dz_stretched
323	ENDDO
324
325	!
326	!-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the
327	!-- corresponding u-levels. In case of dirichlet bc for u and v at the
328	!-- ground the first u- and w-level (k=0) are defined at same height (z=0).
329	!-- The top w-level is extrapolated linearly.
330	zw(0) = 0.0_wp
331	DO k = 1, nzt
332	zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5_wp
333	ENDDO
334	zw(nzt+1) = zw(nzt) + 2.0_wp * ( zu(nzt+1) - zw(nzt) )
335
336	ELSE
337	!
338	!-- Grid for ocean with free water surface is at k=nzt (w-grid).
339	!-- In case of neumann bc at the ground the first first u-level (k=0) lies
340	!-- below the first w-level (k=0). In case of dirichlet bc the first u- and
341	!-- w-level are defined at same height, but staggered from the second level.
342	!-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the Prandtl-layer.
343	zu(nzt+1) = dz * 0.5_wp
344	zu(nzt) = - dz * 0.5_wp
345
346	dz_stretch_level_index = 0
347	dz_stretched = dz
348	DO k = nzt-1, 0, -1
349	!
350	!-- The default value of dz_stretch_level is positive, thus the first
351	!-- condition is always true. Hence, the second condition is necessary.
352	IF ( dz_stretch_level >= zu(k+1) .AND. dz_stretch_level <= 0.0 &
353	.AND. dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN
354	dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor
355	dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max )
356	IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == 0 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k+1
357	ENDIF
358	zu(k) = zu(k+1) - dz_stretched
359	ENDDO
360
361	!
362	!-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the
363	!-- corresponding u-levels, except in case of dirichlet bc for u and v
364	!-- at the ground. In this case the first u- and w-level are defined at
365	!-- same height. The top w-level (nzt+1) is not used but set for
366	!-- consistency, since w and all scalar variables are defined up tp nzt+1.
367	zw(nzt+1) = dz
368	zw(nzt) = 0.0_wp
369	DO k = 0, nzt
370	zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5_wp
371	ENDDO
372
373	!
374	!-- In case of dirichlet bc for u and v the first u- and w-level are defined
375	!-- at same height.
376	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
377	zu(0) = zw(0)
378	ENDIF
379
380	ENDIF
381
382	!
383	!-- Compute grid lengths.
384	DO k = 1, nzt+1
385	dzu(k) = zu(k) - zu(k-1)
386	ddzu(k) = 1.0_wp / dzu(k)
387	dzw(k) = zw(k) - zw(k-1)
388	ddzw(k) = 1.0_wp / dzw(k)
389	ENDDO
390
391	DO k = 1, nzt
392	dd2zu(k) = 1.0_wp / ( dzu(k) + dzu(k+1) )
393	ENDDO
394
395	!
396	!-- The FFT- SOR-pressure solvers assume grid spacings of a staggered grid
397	!-- everywhere. For the actual grid, the grid spacing at the lowest level
398	!-- is only dz/2, but should be dz. Therefore, an additional array
399	!-- containing with appropriate grid information is created for these
400	!-- solvers.
401	IF ( psolver(1:9) /= 'multigrid' ) THEN
402	ALLOCATE( ddzu_pres(1:nzt+1) )
403	ddzu_pres = ddzu
404	ddzu_pres(1) = ddzu_pres(2) ! change for lowest level
405	ENDIF
406
407	!
408	!-- In case of multigrid method, compute grid lengths and grid factors for the
409	!-- grid levels
410	IF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' ) THEN
411
412	ALLOCATE( ddx2_mg(maximum_grid_level), ddy2_mg(maximum_grid_level), &
413	dzu_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level), &
414	dzw_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level), &
415	f1_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level), &
416	f2_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level), &
417	f3_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level) )
418
419	dzu_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzu
420	!
421	!-- Next line to ensure an equally spaced grid.
422	dzu_mg(1,maximum_grid_level) = dzu(2)
423
424	dzw_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzw
425	nzt_l = nzt
426	DO l = maximum_grid_level-1, 1, -1
427	dzu_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0_wp * dzu_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
428	dzw_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0_wp * dzw_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
429	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
430	DO k = 2, nzt_l+1
431	dzu_mg(k,l) = dzu_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzu_mg(2k-1,l+1)
432	dzw_mg(k,l) = dzw_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzw_mg(2k-1,l+1)
433	ENDDO
434	ENDDO
435
436	nzt_l = nzt
437	dx_l = dx
438	dy_l = dy
439	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1, -1
440	ddx2_mg(l) = 1.0_wp / dx_l**2
441	ddy2_mg(l) = 1.0_wp / dy_l**2
442	DO k = nzb+1, nzt_l
443	f2_mg(k,l) = 1.0_wp / ( dzu_mg(k+1,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
444	f3_mg(k,l) = 1.0_wp / ( dzu_mg(k,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
445	f1_mg(k,l) = 2.0_wp * ( ddx2_mg(l) + ddy2_mg(l) ) + &
446	f2_mg(k,l) + f3_mg(k,l)
447	ENDDO
448	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
449	dx_l = dx_l * 2.0_wp
450	dy_l = dy_l * 2.0_wp
451	ENDDO
452
453	ENDIF
454
455	!
456	!-- Compute the reciprocal values of the horizontal grid lengths.
457	ddx = 1.0_wp / dx
458	ddy = 1.0_wp / dy
459	dx2 = dx * dx
460	dy2 = dy * dy
461	ddx2 = 1.0_wp / dx2
462	ddy2 = 1.0_wp / dy2
463
464	!
465	!-- Compute the grid-dependent mixing length.
466	DO k = 1, nzt
467	l_grid(k) = ( dx * dy * dzw(k) )**0.33333333333333_wp
468	ENDDO
469
470	!
471	!-- Allocate outer and inner index arrays for topography and set
472	!-- defaults.
473	!-- nzb_local has to contain additional layers of ghost points for calculating
474	!-- the flag arrays needed for the multigrid method
475	gls = 2**( maximum_grid_level )
476	IF ( gls < nbgp ) gls = nbgp
477
478	ALLOCATE( corner_nl(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), corner_nr(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
479	corner_sl(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), corner_sr(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
480	nzb_local(-gls:ny+gls,-gls:nx+gls), &
481	nzb_tmp(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp), &
482	wall_l(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), wall_n(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
483	wall_r(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), wall_s(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
484	ALLOCATE( fwxm(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fwxp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
485	fwym(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fwyp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
486	fxm(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fxp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
487	fym(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fyp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
488	nzb_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
489	nzb_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
490	nzb_u_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
491	nzb_u_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
492	nzb_v_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
493	nzb_v_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
494	nzb_w_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
495	nzb_w_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
496	nzb_diff_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
497	nzb_diff_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
498	nzb_diff_u(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
499	nzb_diff_v(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
500	rflags_s_inner(nzb:nzt+2,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
501	rflags_invers(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nzb:nzt+2), &
502	wall_e_x(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
503	wall_e_y(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
504	wall_u(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
505	wall_v(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
506	wall_w_x(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
507	wall_w_y(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
508
509
510
511	ALLOCATE( l_wall(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
512
513
514	nzb_s_inner = nzb; nzb_s_outer = nzb
515	nzb_u_inner = nzb; nzb_u_outer = nzb
516	nzb_v_inner = nzb; nzb_v_outer = nzb
517	nzb_w_inner = nzb; nzb_w_outer = nzb
518
519	rflags_s_inner = 1.0_wp
520	rflags_invers = 1.0_wp
521
522	!
523	!-- Define vertical gridpoint from (or to) which on the usual finite difference
524	!-- form (which does not use surface fluxes) is applied
525	IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
526	nzb_diff = nzb + 2
527	ELSE
528	nzb_diff = nzb + 1
529	ENDIF
530	IF ( use_top_fluxes ) THEN
531	nzt_diff = nzt - 1
532	ELSE
533	nzt_diff = nzt
534	ENDIF
535
536	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_diff; nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_diff
537	nzb_diff_u = nzb_diff; nzb_diff_v = nzb_diff
538
539	wall_e_x = 0.0_wp; wall_e_y = 0.0_wp; wall_u = 0.0_wp; wall_v = 0.0_wp
540	wall_w_x = 0.0_wp; wall_w_y = 0.0_wp
541	fwxp = 1.0_wp; fwxm = 1.0_wp; fwyp = 1.0_wp; fwym = 1.0_wp
542	fxp = 1.0_wp; fxm = 1.0_wp; fyp = 1.0_wp; fym = 1.0_wp
543
544	!
545	!-- Initialize near-wall mixing length l_wall only in the vertical direction
546	!-- for the moment,
547	!-- multiplication with wall_adjustment_factor near the end of this routine
548	l_wall(nzb,:,:) = l_grid(1)
549	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
550	l_wall(k,:,:) = l_grid(k)
551	ENDDO
552	l_wall(nzt+1,:,:) = l_grid(nzt)
553
554	ALLOCATE ( vertical_influence(nzb:nzt) )
555	DO k = 1, nzt
556	vertical_influence(k) = MIN ( INT( l_grid(k) / &
557	( wall_adjustment_factor * dzw(k) ) + 0.5_wp ), nzt - k )
558	ENDDO
559
560	DO k = 1, MAXVAL( nzb_s_inner )
561	IF ( l_grid(k) > 1.5_wp * dx * wall_adjustment_factor .OR. &
562	l_grid(k) > 1.5_wp * dy * wall_adjustment_factor ) THEN
563	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'grid anisotropy exceeds ', &
564	'threshold given by only local', &
565	' &horizontal reduction of near_wall ', &
566	'mixing length l_wall', &
567	' &starting from height level k = ', k, '.'
568	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0202', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
569	EXIT
570	ENDIF
571	ENDDO
572	vertical_influence(0) = vertical_influence(1)
573
574	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
575	DO j = nysg, nyng
576	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 1, &
577	nzb_s_inner(j,i) + vertical_influence(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
578	l_wall(k,j,i) = zu(k) - zw(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
579	ENDDO
580	ENDDO
581	ENDDO
582
583	!
584	!-- Set outer and inner index arrays for non-flat topography.
585	!-- Here consistency checks concerning domain size and periodicity are
586	!-- necessary.
587	!-- Within this SELECT CASE structure only nzb_local is initialized
588	!-- individually depending on the chosen topography type, all other index
589	!-- arrays are initialized further below.
590	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( topography ) )
591
592	CASE ( 'flat' )
593	!
594	!-- nzb_local is required for the multigrid solver
595	nzb_local = 0
596
597	CASE ( 'single_building' )
598	!
599	!-- Single rectangular building, by default centered in the middle of the
600	!-- total domain
601	blx = NINT( building_length_x / dx )
602	bly = NINT( building_length_y / dy )
603	bh = MINLOC( ABS( zw - building_height ), 1 ) - 1
604	IF ( ABS( zw(bh ) - building_height ) == &
605	ABS( zw(bh+1) - building_height ) ) bh = bh + 1
606
607	IF ( building_wall_left == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
608	building_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - blx ) / 2 * dx
609	ENDIF
610	bxl = NINT( building_wall_left / dx )
611	bxr = bxl + blx
612
613	IF ( building_wall_south == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
614	building_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - bly ) / 2 * dy
615	ENDIF
616	bys = NINT( building_wall_south / dy )
617	byn = bys + bly
618
619	!
620	!-- Building size has to meet some requirements
621	IF ( ( bxl < 1 ) .OR. ( bxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( bxr < bxl+3 ) .OR. &
622	( bys < 1 ) .OR. ( byn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( byn < bys+3 ) ) THEN
623	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent building parameters:', &
624	'& bxl=', bxl, 'bxr=', bxr, 'bys=', bys, &
625	'byn=', byn, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
626	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0203', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
627	ENDIF
628
629	!
630	!-- Define the building.
631	nzb_local = 0
632	nzb_local(bys:byn,bxl:bxr) = bh
633
634	CASE ( 'single_street_canyon' )
635	!
636	!-- Single quasi-2D street canyon of infinite length in x or y direction.
637	!-- The canyon is centered in the other direction by default.
638	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
639	!
640	!-- Street canyon in y direction
641	cwx = NINT( canyon_width_x / dx )
642	IF ( canyon_wall_left == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
643	canyon_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - cwx ) / 2 * dx
644	ENDIF
645	cxl = NINT( canyon_wall_left / dx )
646	cxr = cxl + cwx
647
648	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
649	!
650	!-- Street canyon in x direction
651	cwy = NINT( canyon_width_y / dy )
652	IF ( canyon_wall_south == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
653	canyon_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - cwy ) / 2 * dy
654	ENDIF
655	cys = NINT( canyon_wall_south / dy )
656	cyn = cys + cwy
657
658	ELSE
659
660	message_string = 'no street canyon width given'
661	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0204', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
662
663	ENDIF
664
665	ch = MINLOC( ABS( zw - canyon_height ), 1 ) - 1
666	IF ( ABS( zw(ch ) - canyon_height ) == &
667	ABS( zw(ch+1) - canyon_height ) ) ch = ch + 1
668
669	dp_level_ind_b = ch
670	!
671	!-- Street canyon size has to meet some requirements
672	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
673	IF ( ( cxl < 1 ) .OR. ( cxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( cwx < 3 ) .OR. &
674	( ch < 3 ) ) THEN
675	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', &
676	'&cxl=', cxl, 'cxr=', cxr, &
677	'cwx=', cwx, &
678	'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
679	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0205', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
680	ENDIF
681	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
682	IF ( ( cys < 1 ) .OR. ( cyn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( cwy < 3 ) .OR. &
683	( ch < 3 ) ) THEN
684	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', &
685	'&cys=', cys, 'cyn=', cyn, &
686	'cwy=', cwy, &
687	'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
688	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0206', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
689	ENDIF
690	ENDIF
691	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. &
692	canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
693	message_string = 'inconsistent canyon parameters:' // &
694	'&street canyon can only be oriented' // &
695	'&either in x- or in y-direction'
696	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0207', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
697	ENDIF
698
699	nzb_local = ch
700	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
701	nzb_local(:,cxl+1:cxr-1) = 0
702	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
703	nzb_local(cys+1:cyn-1,:) = 0
704	ENDIF
705
706	CASE ( 'read_from_file' )
707
708	ALLOCATE ( topo_height(0:ny,0:nx) )
709
710	DO ii = 0, io_blocks-1
711	IF ( ii == io_group ) THEN
712
713	!
714	!-- Arbitrary irregular topography data in PALM format (exactly
715	!-- matching the grid size and total domain size)
716	OPEN( 90, FILE='TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'//TRIM( coupling_char ), &
717	STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', ERR=10 )
718	DO j = ny, 0, -1
719	READ( 90, *, ERR=11, END=11 ) ( topo_height(j,i), i = 0,nx )
720	ENDDO
721
722	GOTO 12
723
724	10 message_string = 'file TOPOGRAPHY'//TRIM( coupling_char )// &
725	' does not exist'
726	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0208', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
727
728	11 message_string = 'errors in file TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'// &
729	TRIM( coupling_char )
730	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0209', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
731
732	12 CLOSE( 90 )
733
734	ENDIF
735	#if defined( __parallel )
736	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
737	#endif
738	ENDDO
739
740	!
741	!-- Calculate the index height of the topography
742	DO i = 0, nx
743	DO j = 0, ny
744	nzb_local(j,i) = MINLOC( ABS( zw - topo_height(j,i) ), 1 ) - 1
745	IF ( ABS( zw(nzb_local(j,i) ) - topo_height(j,i) ) == &
746	ABS( zw(nzb_local(j,i)+1) - topo_height(j,i) ) ) &
747	nzb_local(j,i) = nzb_local(j,i) + 1
748	ENDDO
749	ENDDO
750
751	DEALLOCATE ( topo_height )
752
753	!
754	!-- Add cyclic or Neumann boundary conditions (additional layers are for
755	!-- calculating flag arrays needed for the multigrid sover)
756	IF ( bc_ns_cyc ) THEN
757	nzb_local(-gls:-1,0:nx) = nzb_local(ny-gls+1:ny,0:nx)
758	nzb_local(ny+1:ny+gls,0:nx) = nzb_local(0:gls-1,0:nx)
759	ELSE
760	DO j = -gls, -1
761	nzb_local(j,0:nx) = nzb_local(0,0:nx)
762	ENDDO
763	DO j = ny+1, ny+gls
764	nzb_local(j,0:nx) = nzb_local(ny,0:nx)
765	ENDDO
766	ENDIF
767
768	IF ( bc_lr_cyc ) THEN
769	nzb_local(:,-gls:-1) = nzb_local(:,nx-gls+1:nx)
770	nzb_local(:,nx+1:nx+gls) = nzb_local(:,0:gls-1)
771	ELSE
772	DO i = -gls, -1
773	nzb_local(:,i) = nzb_local(:,0)
774	ENDDO
775	DO i = nx+1, nx+gls
776	nzb_local(:,i) = nzb_local(:,nx)
777	ENDDO
778	ENDIF
779
780	CASE DEFAULT
781	!
782	!-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter topography
783	!-- contains a wrong character string or if the user has defined a special
784	!-- case in the user interface. There, the subroutine user_init_grid
785	!-- checks which of these two conditions applies.
786	CALL user_init_grid( gls, nzb_local )
787
788	END SELECT
789	!
790	!-- Determine the maximum level of topography. Furthermore it is used for
791	!-- steering the degradation of order of the applied advection scheme.
792	!-- In case of non-cyclic lateral boundaries, the order of the advection
793	!-- scheme have to be reduced up to nzt (required at the lateral boundaries).
794	nzb_max = MAXVAL( nzb_local ) + 1
795	IF ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. &
796	inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. &
797	nest_domain ) &
798	THEN
799	nzb_max = nzt
800	ENDIF
801
802	!
803	!-- Consistency checks and index array initialization are only required for
804	!-- non-flat topography, also the initialization of topography height arrays
805	!-- zu_s_inner and zw_w_inner
806	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
807
808	!
809	!-- Consistency checks
810	IF ( MINVAL( nzb_local ) < 0 .OR. MAXVAL( nzb_local ) > nz + 1 ) THEN
811	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'nzb_local values are outside the', &
812	'model domain', &
813	'&MINVAL( nzb_local ) = ', MINVAL(nzb_local), &
814	'&MAXVAL( nzb_local ) = ', MAXVAL(nzb_local)
815	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0210', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
816	ENDIF
817
818	IF ( bc_lr_cyc ) THEN
819	IF ( ANY( nzb_local(:,-1) /= nzb_local(:,nx) ) .OR. &
820	ANY( nzb_local(:,0) /= nzb_local(:,nx+1) ) ) THEN
821	message_string = 'nzb_local does not fulfill cyclic' // &
822	' boundary condition in x-direction'
823	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0211', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
824	ENDIF
825	ENDIF
826	IF ( bc_ns_cyc ) THEN
827	IF ( ANY( nzb_local(-1,:) /= nzb_local(ny,:) ) .OR. &
828	ANY( nzb_local(0,:) /= nzb_local(ny+1,:) ) ) THEN
829	message_string = 'nzb_local does not fulfill cyclic' // &
830	' boundary condition in y-direction'
831	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0212', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
832	ENDIF
833	ENDIF
834
835	IF ( topography_grid_convention == 'cell_edge' ) THEN
836	!
837	!-- The array nzb_local as defined using the 'cell_edge' convention
838	!-- describes the actual total size of topography which is defined at the
839	!-- cell edges where u=0 on the topography walls in x-direction and v=0
840	!-- on the topography walls in y-direction. However, PALM uses individual
841	!-- arrays nzb_u\|v\|w\|s_inner\|outer that are based on nzb_s_inner.
842	!-- Therefore, the extent of topography in nzb_local is now reduced by
843	!-- 1dx at the E topography walls and by 1dy at the N topography walls
844	!-- to form the basis for nzb_s_inner.
845	DO j = -gls, ny + gls
846	DO i = -gls, nx
847	nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j,i+1) )
848	ENDDO
849	ENDDO
850	!-- apply cyclic boundary conditions in x-direction
851	!(ist das erforderlich? Ursache von Seung Bus Fehler?)
852	nzb_local(:,nx+1:nx+gls) = nzb_local(:,0:gls-1)
853	DO i = -gls, nx + gls
854	DO j = -gls, ny
855	nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j+1,i) )
856	ENDDO
857	ENDDO
858	!-- apply cyclic boundary conditions in y-direction
859	!(ist das erforderlich? Ursache von Seung Bus Fehler?)
860	nzb_local(ny+1:ny+gls,:) = nzb_local(0:gls-1,:)
861	ENDIF
862
863	!
864	!-- Initialize index arrays nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner
865	nzb_s_inner = nzb_local(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
866	nzb_w_inner = nzb_local(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
867
868	!
869	!-- Initialize remaining index arrays:
870	!-- first pre-initialize them with nzb_s_inner...
871	nzb_u_inner = nzb_s_inner
872	nzb_u_outer = nzb_s_inner
873	nzb_v_inner = nzb_s_inner
874	nzb_v_outer = nzb_s_inner
875	nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_inner
876	nzb_s_outer = nzb_s_inner
877
878	!
879	!-- ...then extend pre-initialized arrays in their according directions
880	!-- based on nzb_local using nzb_tmp as a temporary global index array
881
882	!
883	!-- nzb_s_outer:
884	!-- extend nzb_local east-/westwards first, then north-/southwards
885	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
886	DO j = -1, ny + 1
887	DO i = 0, nx
888	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i), &
889	nzb_local(j,i+1) )
890	ENDDO
891	ENDDO
892	DO i = nxl, nxr
893	DO j = nys, nyn
894	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
895	nzb_tmp(j+1,i) )
896	ENDDO
897	!
898	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
899	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
900	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
901	j = -1
902	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
903	ENDIF
904	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
905	j = ny + 1
906	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
907	ENDIF
908	ENDDO
909	!
910	!-- nzb_w_outer:
911	!-- identical to nzb_s_outer
912	nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_outer
913
914	!
915	!-- nzb_u_inner:
916	!-- extend nzb_local rightwards only
917	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
918	DO j = -1, ny + 1
919	DO i = 0, nx + 1
920	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i) )
921	ENDDO
922	ENDDO
923	nzb_u_inner = nzb_tmp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
924
925	!
926	!-- nzb_u_outer:
927	!-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_u_inner) north-/southwards
928	DO i = nxl, nxr
929	DO j = nys, nyn
930	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
931	nzb_tmp(j+1,i) )
932	ENDDO
933	!
934	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
935	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
936	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
937	j = -1
938	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
939	ENDIF
940	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
941	j = ny + 1
942	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
943	ENDIF
944	ENDDO
945
946	!
947	!-- nzb_v_inner:
948	!-- extend nzb_local northwards only
949	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
950	DO i = -1, nx + 1
951	DO j = 0, ny + 1
952	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j-1,i), nzb_local(j,i) )
953	ENDDO
954	ENDDO
955	nzb_v_inner = nzb_tmp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
956
957	!
958	!-- nzb_v_outer:
959	!-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_v_inner) right-/leftwards
960	DO j = nys, nyn
961	DO i = nxl, nxr
962	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
963	nzb_tmp(j,i+1) )
964	ENDDO
965	!
966	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
967	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
968	IF ( nxl == 0 ) THEN
969	i = -1
970	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i+1), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
971	ENDIF
972	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
973	i = nx + 1
974	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
975	ENDIF
976	ENDDO
977
978	!
979	!-- Exchange of lateral boundary values (parallel computers) and cyclic
980	!-- boundary conditions, if applicable.
981	!-- Since nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner are derived directly from nzb_local
982	!-- they do not require exchange and are not included here.
983	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_inner )
984	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_outer )
985	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_inner )
986	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_outer )
987	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_w_outer )
988	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_s_outer )
989
990	!
991	!-- Allocate and set the arrays containing the topography height
992	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
993
994	ALLOCATE( zu_s_inner(0:nx+1,0:ny+1), zw_w_inner(0:nx+1,0:ny+1) )
995
996	DO i = 0, nx + 1
997	DO j = 0, ny + 1
998	zu_s_inner(i,j) = zu(nzb_local(j,i))
999	zw_w_inner(i,j) = zw(nzb_local(j,i))
1000	ENDDO
1001	ENDDO
1002
1003	ENDIF
1004	!
1005	!-- Set flag arrays to be used for masking of grid points
1006	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1007	DO j = nysg, nyng
1008	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1009	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i) ) rflags_s_inner(k,j,i) = 0.0_wp
1010	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i) ) rflags_invers(j,i,k) = 0.0_wp
1011	ENDDO
1012	ENDDO
1013	ENDDO
1014
1015	ENDIF
1016
1017	!
1018	!-- Set the individual index arrays which define the k index from which on
1019	!-- the usual finite difference form (which does not use surface fluxes) is
1020	!-- applied
1021	IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
1022	nzb_diff_u = nzb_u_inner + 2
1023	nzb_diff_v = nzb_v_inner + 2
1024	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 2
1025	nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 2
1026	ELSE
1027	nzb_diff_u = nzb_u_inner + 1
1028	nzb_diff_v = nzb_v_inner + 1
1029	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 1
1030	nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 1
1031	ENDIF
1032
1033	!
1034	!-- Calculation of wall switches and factors required by diffusion_u/v.f90 and
1035	!-- for limitation of near-wall mixing length l_wall further below
1036	corner_nl = 0
1037	corner_nr = 0
1038	corner_sl = 0
1039	corner_sr = 0
1040	wall_l = 0
1041	wall_n = 0
1042	wall_r = 0
1043	wall_s = 0
1044
1045	DO i = nxl, nxr
1046	DO j = nys, nyn
1047	!
1048	!-- u-component
1049	IF ( nzb_u_outer(j,i) > nzb_u_outer(j+1,i) ) THEN
1050	wall_u(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! north wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1051	fym(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1052	fyp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1053	ELSEIF ( nzb_u_outer(j,i) > nzb_u_outer(j-1,i) ) THEN
1054	wall_u(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! south wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1055	fym(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1056	fyp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1057	ENDIF
1058	!
1059	!-- v-component
1060	IF ( nzb_v_outer(j,i) > nzb_v_outer(j,i+1) ) THEN
1061	wall_v(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! rigth wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1062	fxm(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1063	fxp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1064	ELSEIF ( nzb_v_outer(j,i) > nzb_v_outer(j,i-1) ) THEN
1065	wall_v(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! left wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1066	fxm(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1067	fxp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1068	ENDIF
1069	!
1070	!-- w-component, also used for scalars, separate arrays for shear
1071	!-- production of tke
1072	IF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j+1,i) ) THEN
1073	wall_e_y(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! north wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1074	wall_w_y(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1075	fwym(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1076	fwyp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1077	ELSEIF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j-1,i) ) THEN
1078	wall_e_y(j,i) = -1.0_wp ! south wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1079	wall_w_y(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1080	fwym(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1081	fwyp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1082	ENDIF
1083	IF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j,i+1) ) THEN
1084	wall_e_x(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! right wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1085	wall_w_x(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1086	fwxm(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1087	fwxp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1088	ELSEIF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j,i-1) ) THEN
1089	wall_e_x(j,i) = -1.0_wp ! left wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1090	wall_w_x(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1091	fwxm(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1092	fwxp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1093	ENDIF
1094	!
1095	!-- Wall and corner locations inside buildings for limitation of
1096	!-- near-wall mixing length l_wall
1097	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) ) THEN
1098
1099	wall_n(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) + 1 ! North wall
1100
1101	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
1102	corner_nl(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j+1,i), & ! Northleft corner
1103	nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) + 1
1104	ENDIF
1105
1106	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
1107	corner_nr(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j+1,i), & ! Northright corner
1108	nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) + 1
1109	ENDIF
1110
1111	ENDIF
1112
1113	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) ) THEN
1114
1115	wall_s(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) + 1 ! South wall
1116	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
1117	corner_sl(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j-1,i), & ! Southleft corner
1118	nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) + 1
1119	ENDIF
1120
1121	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
1122	corner_sr(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j-1,i), & ! Southright corner
1123	nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) + 1
1124	ENDIF
1125
1126	ENDIF
1127
1128	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
1129	wall_l(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) + 1 ! Left wall
1130	ENDIF
1131
1132	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
1133	wall_r(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) + 1 ! Right wall
1134	ENDIF
1135
1136	ENDDO
1137	ENDDO
1138
1139	!
1140	!-- Calculate wall flag arrays for the multigrid method
1141	IF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' ) THEN
1142	!
1143	!-- Gridpoint increment of the current level
1144	inc = 1
1145
1146	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1 , -1
1147
1148	nxl_l = nxl_mg(l)
1149	nxr_l = nxr_mg(l)
1150	nys_l = nys_mg(l)
1151	nyn_l = nyn_mg(l)
1152	nzt_l = nzt_mg(l)
1153
1154	!
1155	!-- Assign the flag level to be calculated
1156	SELECT CASE ( l )
1157	CASE ( 1 )
1158	flags => wall_flags_1
1159	CASE ( 2 )
1160	flags => wall_flags_2
1161	CASE ( 3 )
1162	flags => wall_flags_3
1163	CASE ( 4 )
1164	flags => wall_flags_4
1165	CASE ( 5 )
1166	flags => wall_flags_5
1167	CASE ( 6 )
1168	flags => wall_flags_6
1169	CASE ( 7 )
1170	flags => wall_flags_7
1171	CASE ( 8 )
1172	flags => wall_flags_8
1173	CASE ( 9 )
1174	flags => wall_flags_9
1175	CASE ( 10 )
1176	flags => wall_flags_10
1177	END SELECT
1178
1179	!
1180	!-- Depending on the grid level, set the respective bits in case of
1181	!-- neighbouring walls
1182	!-- Bit 0: wall to the bottom
1183	!-- Bit 1: wall to the top (not realized in remaining PALM code so far)
1184	!-- Bit 2: wall to the south
1185	!-- Bit 3: wall to the north
1186	!-- Bit 4: wall to the left
1187	!-- Bit 5: wall to the right
1188	!-- Bit 6: inside building
1189
1190	flags = 0
1191
1192	!
1193	!-- In case of masking method, flags are not set and multigrid method
1194	!-- works like FFT-solver
1195	IF ( psolver == 'multigrid' .AND. .NOT. masking_method ) THEN
1196
1197	DO i = nxl_l-1, nxr_l+1
1198	DO j = nys_l-1, nyn_l+1
1199	DO k = nzb, nzt_l+1
1200
1201	!
1202	!-- Inside/outside building (inside building does not need
1203	!-- further tests for walls)
1204	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,i*inc) ) THEN
1205
1206	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 6 )
1207
1208	ELSE
1209	!
1210	!-- Bottom wall
1211	IF ( (k-1)inc <= nzb_local(jinc,i*inc) ) THEN
1212	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 0 )
1213	ENDIF
1214	!
1215	!-- South wall
1216	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local((j-1)inc,i*inc) ) THEN
1217	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 2 )
1218	ENDIF
1219	!
1220	!-- North wall
1221	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local((j+1)inc,i*inc) ) THEN
1222	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 3 )
1223	ENDIF
1224	!
1225	!-- Left wall
1226	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,(i-1)*inc) ) THEN
1227	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 4 )
1228	ENDIF
1229	!
1230	!-- Right wall
1231	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,(i+1)*inc) ) THEN
1232	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 5 )
1233	ENDIF
1234
1235	ENDIF
1236
1237	ENDDO
1238	ENDDO
1239	ENDDO
1240
1241	ENDIF
1242
1243	!
1244	!-- Test output of flag arrays
1245	! i = nxl_l
1246	! WRITE (9,*) ' '
1247	! WRITE (9,) ' mg level ', l, ' *', mg_switch_to_pe0_level
1248	! WRITE (9,*) ' inc=', inc, ' i =', nxl_l
1249	! WRITE (9,*) ' nxl_l',nxl_l,' nxr_l=',nxr_l,' nys_l=',nys_l,' nyn_l=',nyn_l
1250	! DO k = nzt_l+1, nzb, -1
1251	! WRITE (9,'(194(1X,I2))') ( flags(k,j,i), j = nys_l-1, nyn_l+1 )
1252	! ENDDO
1253
1254	inc = inc * 2
1255
1256	ENDDO
1257
1258	ENDIF
1259	!
1260	!-- Allocate flags needed for masking walls.
1261	ALLOCATE( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
1262	wall_flags_00(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1263	wall_flags_0 = 0
1264	wall_flags_00 = 0
1265
1266	IF ( scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' .OR. &
1267	scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme-mono' ) THEN
1268	!
1269	!-- Set flags to steer the degradation of the advection scheme in advec_ws
1270	!-- near topography, inflow- and outflow boundaries as well as bottom and
1271	!-- top of model domain. wall_flags_0 remains zero for all non-prognostic
1272	!-- grid points.
1273	DO i = nxl, nxr
1274	DO j = nys, nyn
1275	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzt
1276	!
1277	!-- scalar - x-direction
1278	!-- WS1 (0), WS3 (1), WS5 (2)
1279	IF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) .OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+2) &
1280	.OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1281	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1282	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. &
1283	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1284	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1285	THEN
1286	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 )
1287	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+3) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1)&
1288	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+2)&
1289	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1)&
1290	) .OR. &
1291	( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i-2) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1)&
1292	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+2)&
1293	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1)&
1294	) &
1295	.OR. &
1296	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1297	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1298	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1299	.AND. i == nxlu ) ) &
1300	THEN
1301	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 )
1302	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+2) &
1303	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+3) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) &
1304	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-2) ) &
1305	THEN
1306	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 )
1307	ENDIF
1308	!
1309	!-- scalar - y-direction
1310	!-- WS1 (3), WS3 (4), WS5 (5)
1311	IF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) .OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j+2,i) &
1312	.OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1313	.OR. &
1314	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1315	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. &
1316	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1317	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1318	THEN
1319	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 )
1320	!
1321	!-- WS3
1322	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j+3,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i)&
1323	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+2,i)&
1324	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i)&
1325	) .OR. &
1326	( k <= nzb_s_inner(j-2,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i)&
1327	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+2,i)&
1328	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i)&
1329	) &
1330	.OR. &
1331	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1332	.AND. j == nysv ) .OR. &
1333	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1334	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1335	THEN
1336	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 4 )
1337	!
1338	!-- WS5
1339	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+2,i) &
1340	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+3,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) &
1341	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-2,i) ) &
1342	THEN
1343	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 5 )
1344	ENDIF
1345	!
1346	!-- scalar - z-direction
1347	!-- WS1 (6), WS3 (7), WS5 (8)
1348	flag_set = .FALSE.
1349	IF ( k == nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1350	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 6 )
1351	flag_set = .TRUE.
1352	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1353	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 7 )
1354	flag_set = .TRUE.
1355	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_s_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1356	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 8 )
1357	ENDIF
1358
1359	ENDDO
1360	ENDDO
1361	ENDDO
1362	ENDIF
1363
1364	IF ( momentum_advec == 'ws-scheme' ) THEN
1365	!
1366	!-- Set wall_flags_0 to steer the degradation of the advection scheme in advec_ws
1367	!-- near topography, inflow- and outflow boundaries as well as bottom and
1368	!-- top of model domain. wall_flags_0 remains zero for all non-prognostic
1369	!-- grid points.
1370	DO i = nxl, nxr
1371	DO j = nys, nyn
1372	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1373	!
1374	!-- At first, set flags to WS1.
1375	!-- Since fluxes are swapped in advec_ws.f90, this is necessary to
1376	!-- in order to handle the left/south flux.
1377	!-- near vertical walls.
1378	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1379	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1380	!
1381	!-- u component - x-direction
1382	!-- WS1 (9), WS3 (10), WS5 (11)
1383	IF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i+1) .OR. &
1384	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1385	.AND. i <= nxlu ) .OR. &
1386	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1387	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1388	THEN
1389	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1390	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i+2) .AND. &
1391	k > nzb_u_inner(j,i+1) ) .OR. &
1392	k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i-1) &
1393	.OR. &
1394	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1395	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1396	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1397	.AND. i == nxlu+1) ) &
1398	THEN
1399	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 10 )
1400	!
1401	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1402	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1403	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_u_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j,i+2) &
1404	.AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1405	THEN
1406	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 11 )
1407	!
1408	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1409	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1410	ENDIF
1411	!
1412	!-- u component - y-direction
1413	!-- WS1 (12), WS3 (13), WS5 (14)
1414	IF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j+1,i) .OR. &
1415	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1416	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. &
1417	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1418	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1419	THEN
1420	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1421	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j+2,i) .AND. &
1422	k > nzb_u_inner(j+1,i) ) .OR. &
1423	k <= nzb_u_inner(j-1,i) &
1424	.OR. &
1425	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1426	.AND. j == nysv ) .OR. &
1427	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1428	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1429	THEN
1430	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 13 )
1431	!
1432	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1433	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1434	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_u_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j+2,i) &
1435	.AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1436	THEN
1437	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 14 )
1438	!
1439	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1440	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1441	ENDIF
1442	!
1443	!-- u component - z-direction
1444	!-- WS1 (15), WS3 (16), WS5 (17)
1445	flag_set = .FALSE.
1446	IF ( k == nzb_u_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1447	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 15 )
1448	flag_set = .TRUE.
1449	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_u_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1450	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 16 )
1451	flag_set = .TRUE.
1452	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_u_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1453	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 17 )
1454	ENDIF
1455
1456	ENDDO
1457	ENDDO
1458	ENDDO
1459
1460	DO i = nxl, nxr
1461	DO j = nys, nyn
1462	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1463	!
1464	!-- At first, set flags to WS1.
1465	!-- Since fluxes are swapped in advec_ws.f90, this is necessary to
1466	!-- in order to handle the left/south flux.
1467	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1468	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1469	!
1470	!-- v component - x-direction
1471	!-- WS1 (18), WS3 (19), WS5 (20)
1472	IF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i+1) .OR. &
1473	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1474	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. &
1475	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1476	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1477	THEN
1478	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1479	!
1480	!-- WS3
1481	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i+2) .AND. &
1482	k > nzb_v_inner(j,i+1) ) .OR. &
1483	k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i-1) &
1484	.OR. &
1485	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1486	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1487	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1488	.AND. i == nxlu ) ) &
1489	THEN
1490	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 19 )
1491	!
1492	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1493	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1494	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_v_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j,i+2) &
1495	.AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1496	THEN
1497	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 20 )
1498	!
1499	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1500	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1501	ENDIF
1502	!
1503	!-- v component - y-direction
1504	!-- WS1 (21), WS3 (22), WS5 (23)
1505	IF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j+1,i) .OR. &
1506	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1507	.AND. j <= nysv ) .OR. &
1508	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1509	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1510	THEN
1511	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1512	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j+2,i) .AND. &
1513	k > nzb_v_inner(j+1,i) ) .OR. &
1514	k <= nzb_v_inner(j-1,i) &
1515	.OR. &
1516	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1517	.AND. j == nysv+1) .OR. &
1518	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1519	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1520	THEN
1521	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 22 )
1522	!
1523	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1524	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1525	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_v_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j+2,i) &
1526	.AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1527	THEN
1528	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 23 )
1529	!
1530	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1531	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1532	ENDIF
1533	!
1534	!-- v component - z-direction
1535	!-- WS1 (24), WS3 (25), WS5 (26)
1536	flag_set = .FALSE.
1537	IF ( k == nzb_v_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1538	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 24 )
1539	flag_set = .TRUE.
1540	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_v_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1541	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 25 )
1542	flag_set = .TRUE.
1543	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_v_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1544	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 26 )
1545	ENDIF
1546
1547	ENDDO
1548	ENDDO
1549	ENDDO
1550	DO i = nxl, nxr
1551	DO j = nys, nyn
1552	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1553	!
1554	!-- At first, set flags to WS1.
1555	!-- Since fluxes are swapped in advec_ws.f90, this is necessary to
1556	!-- in order to handle the left/south flux.
1557	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1558	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1559	!
1560	!-- w component - x-direction
1561	!-- WS1 (27), WS3 (28), WS5 (29)
1562	IF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i+1) .OR. &
1563	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1564	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. &
1565	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1566	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1567	THEN
1568	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1569	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i+2) .AND. &
1570	k > nzb_w_inner(j,i+1) ) .OR. &
1571	k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i-1) &
1572	.OR. &
1573	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1574	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1575	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1576	.AND. i == nxlu ) ) &
1577	THEN
1578	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 28 )
1579	!
1580	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1581	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1582	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_w_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j,i+2) &
1583	.AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1584	THEN
1585	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i),29 )
1586	!
1587	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1588	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1589	ENDIF
1590	!
1591	!-- w component - y-direction
1592	!-- WS1 (30), WS3 (31), WS5 (32)
1593	IF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j+1,i) .OR. &
1594	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1595	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. &
1596	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1597	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1598	THEN
1599	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1600	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j+2,i) .AND. &
1601	k > nzb_w_inner(j+1,i) ) .OR. &
1602	k <= nzb_w_inner(j-1,i) &
1603	.OR. &
1604	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1605	.AND. j == nysv ) .OR. &
1606	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1607	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1608	THEN
1609	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 31 )
1610	!
1611	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1612	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1613	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_w_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j+2,i) &
1614	.AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1615	THEN
1616	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 0 )
1617	!
1618	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1619	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1620	ENDIF
1621	!
1622	!-- w component - z-direction
1623	!-- WS1 (33), WS3 (34), WS5 (35)
1624	flag_set = .FALSE.
1625	IF ( k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) .OR. k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) + 1 &
1626	.OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1627	!
1628	!-- Please note, at k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) a flag is explictely
1629	!-- set, although this is not a prognostic level. However,
1630	!-- contrary to the advection of u,v and s this is necessary
1631	!-- because flux_t(nzb_w_inner(j,i)) is used for the tendency
1632	!-- at k == nzb_w_inner(j,i)+1.
1633	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 1 )
1634	flag_set = .TRUE.
1635	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1636	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 2 )
1637	flag_set = .TRUE.
1638	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_w_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1639	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 3 )
1640	ENDIF
1641
1642	ENDDO
1643	ENDDO
1644	ENDDO
1645
1646	ENDIF
1647
1648	!
1649	!-- Exchange 3D integer wall_flags.
1650	IF ( momentum_advec == 'ws-scheme' .OR. scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' &
1651	.OR. scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme-mono' ) THEN
1652	!
1653	!-- Exchange ghost points for advection flags
1654	CALL exchange_horiz_int( wall_flags_0, nbgp )
1655	CALL exchange_horiz_int( wall_flags_00, nbgp )
1656	!
1657	!-- Set boundary flags at inflow and outflow boundary in case of
1658	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions.
1659	IF ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) THEN
1660	wall_flags_0(:,:,nxl-1) = wall_flags_0(:,:,nxl)
1661	wall_flags_00(:,:,nxl-1) = wall_flags_00(:,:,nxl)
1662	ENDIF
1663
1664	IF ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) THEN
1665	wall_flags_0(:,:,nxr+1) = wall_flags_0(:,:,nxr)
1666	wall_flags_00(:,:,nxr+1) = wall_flags_00(:,:,nxr)
1667	ENDIF
1668
1669	IF ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) THEN
1670	wall_flags_0(:,nyn+1,:) = wall_flags_0(:,nyn,:)
1671	wall_flags_00(:,nyn+1,:) = wall_flags_00(:,nyn,:)
1672	ENDIF
1673
1674	IF ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) THEN
1675	wall_flags_0(:,nys-1,:) = wall_flags_0(:,nys,:)
1676	wall_flags_00(:,nys-1,:) = wall_flags_00(:,nys,:)
1677	ENDIF
1678
1679	ENDIF
1680
1681	!
1682	!-- In case of topography: limit near-wall mixing length l_wall further:
1683	!-- Go through all points of the subdomain one by one and look for the closest
1684	!-- surface
1685	IF ( TRIM(topography) /= 'flat' ) THEN
1686	DO i = nxl, nxr
1687	DO j = nys, nyn
1688
1689	nzb_si = nzb_s_inner(j,i)
1690	vi = vertical_influence(nzb_si)
1691
1692	IF ( wall_n(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1693	!
1694	!-- North wall (y distance)
1695	DO k = wall_n(j,i), nzb_si
1696	l_wall(k,j+1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i), 0.5_wp * dy )
1697	ENDDO
1698	!
1699	!-- Above North wall (yz distance)
1700	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1701	l_wall(k,j+1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i), &
1702	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dy**2 + &
1703	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1704	ENDDO
1705	!
1706	!-- Northleft corner (xy distance)
1707	IF ( corner_nl(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1708	DO k = corner_nl(j,i), nzb_si
1709	l_wall(k,j+1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i-1), &
1710	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1711	ENDDO
1712	!
1713	!-- Above Northleft corner (xyz distance)
1714	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1715	l_wall(k,j+1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i-1), &
1716	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1717	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1718	ENDDO
1719	ENDIF
1720	!
1721	!-- Northright corner (xy distance)
1722	IF ( corner_nr(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1723	DO k = corner_nr(j,i), nzb_si
1724	l_wall(k,j+1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i+1), &
1725	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1726	ENDDO
1727	!
1728	!-- Above northright corner (xyz distance)
1729	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1730	l_wall(k,j+1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i+1), &
1731	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1732	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1733	ENDDO
1734	ENDIF
1735	ENDIF
1736
1737	IF ( wall_s(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1738	!
1739	!-- South wall (y distance)
1740	DO k = wall_s(j,i), nzb_si
1741	l_wall(k,j-1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i), 0.5_wp * dy )
1742	ENDDO
1743	!
1744	!-- Above south wall (yz distance)
1745	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1746	l_wall(k,j-1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i), &
1747	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dy**2 + &
1748	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1749	ENDDO
1750	!
1751	!-- Southleft corner (xy distance)
1752	IF ( corner_sl(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1753	DO k = corner_sl(j,i), nzb_si
1754	l_wall(k,j-1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i-1), &
1755	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1756	ENDDO
1757	!
1758	!-- Above southleft corner (xyz distance)
1759	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1760	l_wall(k,j-1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i-1), &
1761	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1762	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1763	ENDDO
1764	ENDIF
1765	!
1766	!-- Southright corner (xy distance)
1767	IF ( corner_sr(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1768	DO k = corner_sr(j,i), nzb_si
1769	l_wall(k,j-1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i+1), &
1770	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1771	ENDDO
1772	!
1773	!-- Above southright corner (xyz distance)
1774	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1775	l_wall(k,j-1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i+1), &
1776	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1777	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1778	ENDDO
1779	ENDIF
1780
1781	ENDIF
1782
1783	IF ( wall_l(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1784	!
1785	!-- Left wall (x distance)
1786	DO k = wall_l(j,i), nzb_si
1787	l_wall(k,j,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i-1), 0.5_wp * dx )
1788	ENDDO
1789	!
1790	!-- Above left wall (xz distance)
1791	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1792	l_wall(k,j,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i-1), &
1793	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dx**2 + &
1794	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1795	ENDDO
1796	ENDIF
1797
1798	IF ( wall_r(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1799	!
1800	!-- Right wall (x distance)
1801	DO k = wall_r(j,i), nzb_si
1802	l_wall(k,j,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i+1), 0.5_wp * dx )
1803	ENDDO
1804	!
1805	!-- Above right wall (xz distance)
1806	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1807	l_wall(k,j,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i+1), &
1808	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dx**2 + &
1809	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1810	ENDDO
1811
1812	ENDIF
1813
1814	ENDDO
1815	ENDDO
1816
1817	ENDIF
1818
1819	!
1820	!-- Multiplication with wall_adjustment_factor
1821	l_wall = wall_adjustment_factor * l_wall
1822
1823	!
1824	!-- Set lateral boundary conditions for l_wall
1825	CALL exchange_horiz( l_wall, nbgp )
1826
1827	DEALLOCATE( corner_nl, corner_nr, corner_sl, corner_sr, nzb_local, &
1828	nzb_tmp, vertical_influence, wall_l, wall_n, wall_r, wall_s )
1829
1830
1831	END SUBROUTINE init_grid

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