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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/init_grid.f90 @ 1910

Last change on this file since 1910 was 1910, checked in by raasch, 8 years ago
Bugfix: if topography is read from file, Neumann conditions are used for the nzb_local array (instead of cyclic conditions) in case that non-cyclic boundary conditions are used for the run
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1	!> @file init_grid.f90
2	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
6	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
7	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8	!
9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
10	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
11	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
12	!
13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
14	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
15	!
16	! Copyright 1997-2016 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
17	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
18	!
19	! Current revisions:
20	! -----------------
21	! Bugfix: if topography is read from file, Neumann conditions are used for the
22	! nzb_local array (instead of cyclic conditions) in case that non-cyclic
23	! boundary conditions are used for the run
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: init_grid.f90 1910 2016-05-26 06:49:46Z raasch $
28	!
29	! 1902 2016-05-09 11:18:56Z suehring
30	! Set topography flags for multigrid solver only (not for multigrid_fast)
31	!
32	! 1886 2016-04-21 11:20:47Z suehring
33	! Bugfix: setting advection flags near walls
34	! reformulated index values for nzb_v_inner
35	! variable discriptions added in declaration block
36	!
37	! 1845 2016-04-08 08:29:13Z raasch
38	! nzb_2d removed
39	!
40	! 1804 2016-04-05 16:30:18Z maronga
41	! Removed code for parameter file check (__check)
42	!
43	! 1779 2016-03-03 08:01:28Z raasch
44	! coupling_char is trimmed at every place it occurs, because it can have
45	! different length now
46	!
47	! 1762 2016-02-25 12:31:13Z hellstea
48	! Introduction of nested domain feature
49	!
50	! 1743 2016-01-13 10:23:51Z raasch
51	! Bugfix for calculation of nzb_s_outer and nzb_u_outer at north boundary of
52	! total domain
53	!
54	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
55	! Renamed prandtl_layer to constant_flux_layer.
56	!
57	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
58	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
59	!
60	! 1677 2015-10-02 13:25:23Z boeske
61	! Bugfix: Ghost points are included in wall_flags_0 and wall_flags_00
62	!
63	! 1675 2015-10-02 08:28:59Z gronemeier
64	! Bugfix: Definition of topography grid levels
65	!
66	! 1660 2015-09-21 08:15:16Z gronemeier
67	! Bugfix: Definition of topography grid levels if vertical grid stretching
68	! starts below the maximum topography height.
69	!
70	! 1580 2015-04-10 13:43:49Z suehring
71	! Bugfix: setting flags for 5th order scheme near buildings
72	!
73	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
74	! adjustments for psolver-queries
75	!
76	! 1557 2015-03-05 16:43:04Z suehring
77	! Adjustment for monotoinic limiter
78	!
79	! 1418 2014-06-06 13:05:08Z fricke
80	! Bugfix: Change if-condition for stretched grid in the ocean, with the old
81	! condition and a negative value for dz_stretch_level the condition
82	! was always true for the whole model domain
83	!
84	! 1409 2014-05-23 12:11:32Z suehring
85	! Bugfix: set wall_flags_0 at inflow and outflow boundary also for i <= nxlu
86	! j <= nysv
87	!
88	! 1353 2014-04-08 15:21:23Z heinze
89	! REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute
90	!
91	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
92	! REAL constants defined as wp-kind
93	!
94	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
95	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
96	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
97	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
98	! revision history before 2012 removed,
99	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
100	! all variable declaration statements
101	!
102	! 1221 2013-09-10 08:59:13Z raasch
103	! wall_flags_00 introduced to hold bits 32-63,
104	! additional 3D-flag arrays for replacing the 2D-index array nzb_s_inner in
105	! loops optimized for openACC (pres + flow_statistics)
106	!
107	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
108	! unused variables removed
109	!
110	! 1069 2012-11-28 16:18:43Z maronga
111	! bugfix: added coupling_char to TOPOGRAPHY_DATA to allow topography in the
112	! ocean model in case of coupled runs
113	!
114	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
115	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
116	!
117	! 1015 2012-09-27 09:23:24Z raasch
118	! lower index for calculating wall_flags_0 set to nzb_w_inner instead of
119	! nzb_w_inner+1
120	!
121	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
122	! little reformatting
123	!
124	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
125	! Bugfix: nzb_max is set to nzt at non-cyclic lateral boundaries
126	! Bugfix: Set wall_flags_0 for inflow boundary
127	!
128	! 927 2012-06-06 19:15:04Z raasch
129	! Wall flags are not set for multigrid method in case of masking method
130	!
131	! 864 2012-03-27 15:10:33Z gryschka
132	! In case of ocean and Dirichlet bottom bc for u and v dzu_mg and ddzu_pres
133	! were not correctly defined for k=1.
134	!
135	! 861 2012-03-26 14:18:34Z suehring
136	! Set wall_flags_0. The array is needed for degradation in ws-scheme near walls,
137	! inflow and outflow boundaries as well as near the bottom and the top of the
138	! model domain.!
139	! Initialization of nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner.
140	! gls has to be at least nbgp to do not exceed the array bounds of nzb_local
141	! while setting wall_flags_0
142	!
143	! 843 2012-02-29 15:16:21Z gryschka
144	! In case of ocean and dirichlet bc for u and v at the bottom
145	! the first u-level ist defined at same height as the first w-level
146	!
147	! 818 2012-02-08 16:11:23Z maronga
148	! Bugfix: topo_height is only required if topography is used. It is thus now
149	! allocated in the topography branch
150	!
151	! 809 2012-01-30 13:32:58Z maronga
152	! Bugfix: replaced .AND. and .NOT. with && and ! in the preprocessor directives
153	!
154	! 807 2012-01-25 11:53:51Z maronga
155	! New cpp directive "__check" implemented which is used by check_namelist_files
156	!
157	! Revision 1.1 1997/08/11 06:17:45 raasch
158	! Initial revision (Testversion)
159	!
160	!
161	! Description:
162	! ------------
163	!> Creating grid depending constants
164	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
165	SUBROUTINE init_grid
166
167
168	USE arrays_3d, &
169	ONLY: dd2zu, ddzu, ddzu_pres, ddzw, dzu, dzu_mg, dzw, dzw_mg, f1_mg, &
170	f2_mg, f3_mg, l_grid, l_wall, zu, zw
171
172	USE control_parameters, &
173	ONLY: bc_lr_cyc, bc_ns_cyc, building_height, building_length_x, &
174	building_length_y, building_wall_left, building_wall_south, &
175	canyon_height, canyon_wall_left, canyon_wall_south, &
176	canyon_width_x, canyon_width_y, constant_flux_layer, &
177	coupling_char, dp_level_ind_b, dz, dz_max, dz_stretch_factor, &
178	dz_stretch_level, dz_stretch_level_index, ibc_uv_b, io_blocks, &
179	io_group, inflow_l, inflow_n, inflow_r, inflow_s, &
180	masking_method, maximum_grid_level, message_string, &
181	momentum_advec, nest_domain, nest_bound_l, nest_bound_n, &
182	nest_bound_r, nest_bound_s, ocean, outflow_l, outflow_n, &
183	outflow_r, outflow_s, psolver, scalar_advec, topography, &
184	topography_grid_convention, use_surface_fluxes, use_top_fluxes, &
185	wall_adjustment_factor
186
187	USE grid_variables, &
188	ONLY: ddx, ddx2, ddx2_mg, ddy, ddy2, ddy2_mg, dx, dx2, dy, dy2, fwxm, &
189	fwxp, fwym, fwyp, fxm, fxp, fym, fyp, wall_e_x, wall_e_y, &
190	wall_u, wall_v, wall_w_x, wall_w_y, zu_s_inner, zw_w_inner
191
192	USE indices, &
193	ONLY: flags, nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxlu, nxl_mg, nxr, nxrg, nxr_mg, &
194	ny, nyn, nyng, nyn_mg, nys, nysv, nys_mg, nysg, nz, nzb, &
195	nzb_diff, nzb_diff_s_inner, nzb_diff_s_outer, nzb_diff_u, &
196	nzb_diff_v, nzb_max, nzb_s_inner, nzb_s_outer, nzb_u_inner, &
197	nzb_u_outer, nzb_v_inner, nzb_v_outer, nzb_w_inner, &
198	nzb_w_outer, nzt, nzt_diff, nzt_mg, rflags_invers, &
199	rflags_s_inner, wall_flags_0, wall_flags_00, wall_flags_1, &
200	wall_flags_10, wall_flags_2, wall_flags_3, wall_flags_4, &
201	wall_flags_5, wall_flags_6, wall_flags_7, wall_flags_8, &
202	wall_flags_9
203
204	USE kinds
205
206	USE pegrid
207
208	IMPLICIT NONE
209
210	INTEGER(iwp) :: bh !< temporary vertical index of building height
211	INTEGER(iwp) :: blx !< grid point number of building size along x
212	INTEGER(iwp) :: bly !< grid point number of building size along y
213	INTEGER(iwp) :: bxl !< index for left building wall
214	INTEGER(iwp) :: bxr !< index for right building wall
215	INTEGER(iwp) :: byn !< index for north building wall
216	INTEGER(iwp) :: bys !< index for south building wall
217	INTEGER(iwp) :: ch !< temporary vertical index for canyon height
218	INTEGER(iwp) :: cwx !< grid point number of canyon size along x
219	INTEGER(iwp) :: cwy !< grid point number of canyon size along y
220	INTEGER(iwp) :: cxl !< index for left canyon wall
221	INTEGER(iwp) :: cxr !< index for right canyon wall
222	INTEGER(iwp) :: cyn !< index for north canyon wall
223	INTEGER(iwp) :: cys !< index for south canyon wall
224	INTEGER(iwp) :: gls !< number of lateral ghost points at total model
225	!< domain boundaries required for multigrid solver
226	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< index variable along x
227	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop variable for reading topography file
228	INTEGER(iwp) :: inc !< incremental parameter for coarsening grid level
229	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< index variable along y
230	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index variable along z
231	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop variable
232	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_l !< index of left PE boundary for multigrid level
233	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_l !< index of right PE boundary for multigrid level
234	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_l !< index of north PE boundary for multigrid level
235	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_l !< index of south PE boundary for multigrid level
236	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_si !< dummy index for local nzb_s_inner
237	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_l !< index of top PE boundary for multigrid level
238	INTEGER(iwp) :: vi !< dummy for vertical influence
239
240	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: &
241	vertical_influence !< number of vertical grid points above
242	!< obstacle where adjustment of near-
243	!< wall mixing length is required
244
245	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_nl !< index of
246	!< north-left corner location to limit
247	!< near-wall mixing length
248	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_nr !< north-right
249	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_sl !< south-left
250	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_sr !< south-right
251	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_l !< distance to
252	!< adjacent left-facing
253	!< wall
254	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_n !< north-facing
255	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_r !< right-facing
256	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_s !< right-facing
257	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nzb_local !< index for topography
258	!< top at cell-center
259	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nzb_tmp !< dummy to calculate
260	!< topography indices
261	!< on u- and v-grid
262
263	LOGICAL :: flag_set = .FALSE. !< steering variable for advection flags
264
265	REAL(wp) :: dx_l !< grid spacing along x on different multigrid level
266	REAL(wp) :: dy_l !< grid spacing along y on different multigrid level
267	REAL(wp) :: dz_stretched !< stretched vertical grid spacing
268
269	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: topo_height !< input variable for
270	!< topography height
271
272
273	!
274	!-- Calculation of horizontal array bounds including ghost layers
275	nxlg = nxl - nbgp
276	nxrg = nxr + nbgp
277	nysg = nys - nbgp
278	nyng = nyn + nbgp
279
280	!
281	!-- Allocate grid arrays
282	ALLOCATE( ddzu(1:nzt+1), ddzw(1:nzt+1), dd2zu(1:nzt), dzu(1:nzt+1), &
283	dzw(1:nzt+1), l_grid(1:nzt), zu(nzb:nzt+1), zw(nzb:nzt+1) )
284
285	!
286	!-- Compute height of u-levels from constant grid length and dz stretch factors
287	IF ( dz == -1.0_wp ) THEN
288	message_string = 'missing dz'
289	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0200', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
290	ELSEIF ( dz <= 0.0_wp ) THEN
291	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'dz=',dz,' <= 0.0'
292	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0201', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
293	ENDIF
294
295	!
296	!-- Define the vertical grid levels
297	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
298	!
299	!-- Grid for atmosphere with surface at z=0 (k=0, w-grid).
300	!-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the
301	!-- Prandtl-layer.
302
303	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2 ) THEN
304	zu(0) = 0.0_wp
305	! zu(0) = - dz * 0.5_wp
306	ELSE
307	zu(0) = - dz * 0.5_wp
308	ENDIF
309	zu(1) = dz * 0.5_wp
310
311	dz_stretch_level_index = nzt+1
312	dz_stretched = dz
313	DO k = 2, nzt+1
314	IF ( dz_stretch_level <= zu(k-1) .AND. dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN
315	dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor
316	dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max )
317	IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == nzt+1 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k-1
318	ENDIF
319	zu(k) = zu(k-1) + dz_stretched
320	ENDDO
321
322	!
323	!-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the
324	!-- corresponding u-levels. In case of dirichlet bc for u and v at the
325	!-- ground the first u- and w-level (k=0) are defined at same height (z=0).
326	!-- The top w-level is extrapolated linearly.
327	zw(0) = 0.0_wp
328	DO k = 1, nzt
329	zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5_wp
330	ENDDO
331	zw(nzt+1) = zw(nzt) + 2.0_wp * ( zu(nzt+1) - zw(nzt) )
332
333	ELSE
334	!
335	!-- Grid for ocean with free water surface is at k=nzt (w-grid).
336	!-- In case of neumann bc at the ground the first first u-level (k=0) lies
337	!-- below the first w-level (k=0). In case of dirichlet bc the first u- and
338	!-- w-level are defined at same height, but staggered from the second level.
339	!-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the Prandtl-layer.
340	zu(nzt+1) = dz * 0.5_wp
341	zu(nzt) = - dz * 0.5_wp
342
343	dz_stretch_level_index = 0
344	dz_stretched = dz
345	DO k = nzt-1, 0, -1
346	!
347	!-- The default value of dz_stretch_level is positive, thus the first
348	!-- condition is always true. Hence, the second condition is necessary.
349	IF ( dz_stretch_level >= zu(k+1) .AND. dz_stretch_level <= 0.0 &
350	.AND. dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN
351	dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor
352	dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max )
353	IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == 0 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k+1
354	ENDIF
355	zu(k) = zu(k+1) - dz_stretched
356	ENDDO
357
358	!
359	!-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the
360	!-- corresponding u-levels, except in case of dirichlet bc for u and v
361	!-- at the ground. In this case the first u- and w-level are defined at
362	!-- same height. The top w-level (nzt+1) is not used but set for
363	!-- consistency, since w and all scalar variables are defined up tp nzt+1.
364	zw(nzt+1) = dz
365	zw(nzt) = 0.0_wp
366	DO k = 0, nzt
367	zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5_wp
368	ENDDO
369
370	!
371	!-- In case of dirichlet bc for u and v the first u- and w-level are defined
372	!-- at same height.
373	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
374	zu(0) = zw(0)
375	ENDIF
376
377	ENDIF
378
379	!
380	!-- Compute grid lengths.
381	DO k = 1, nzt+1
382	dzu(k) = zu(k) - zu(k-1)
383	ddzu(k) = 1.0_wp / dzu(k)
384	dzw(k) = zw(k) - zw(k-1)
385	ddzw(k) = 1.0_wp / dzw(k)
386	ENDDO
387
388	DO k = 1, nzt
389	dd2zu(k) = 1.0_wp / ( dzu(k) + dzu(k+1) )
390	ENDDO
391
392	!
393	!-- The FFT- SOR-pressure solvers assume grid spacings of a staggered grid
394	!-- everywhere. For the actual grid, the grid spacing at the lowest level
395	!-- is only dz/2, but should be dz. Therefore, an additional array
396	!-- containing with appropriate grid information is created for these
397	!-- solvers.
398	IF ( psolver(1:9) /= 'multigrid' ) THEN
399	ALLOCATE( ddzu_pres(1:nzt+1) )
400	ddzu_pres = ddzu
401	ddzu_pres(1) = ddzu_pres(2) ! change for lowest level
402	ENDIF
403
404	!
405	!-- In case of multigrid method, compute grid lengths and grid factors for the
406	!-- grid levels
407	IF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' ) THEN
408
409	ALLOCATE( ddx2_mg(maximum_grid_level), ddy2_mg(maximum_grid_level), &
410	dzu_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level), &
411	dzw_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level), &
412	f1_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level), &
413	f2_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level), &
414	f3_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level) )
415
416	dzu_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzu
417	!
418	!-- Next line to ensure an equally spaced grid.
419	dzu_mg(1,maximum_grid_level) = dzu(2)
420
421	dzw_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzw
422	nzt_l = nzt
423	DO l = maximum_grid_level-1, 1, -1
424	dzu_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0_wp * dzu_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
425	dzw_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0_wp * dzw_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
426	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
427	DO k = 2, nzt_l+1
428	dzu_mg(k,l) = dzu_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzu_mg(2k-1,l+1)
429	dzw_mg(k,l) = dzw_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzw_mg(2k-1,l+1)
430	ENDDO
431	ENDDO
432
433	nzt_l = nzt
434	dx_l = dx
435	dy_l = dy
436	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1, -1
437	ddx2_mg(l) = 1.0_wp / dx_l**2
438	ddy2_mg(l) = 1.0_wp / dy_l**2
439	DO k = nzb+1, nzt_l
440	f2_mg(k,l) = 1.0_wp / ( dzu_mg(k+1,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
441	f3_mg(k,l) = 1.0_wp / ( dzu_mg(k,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
442	f1_mg(k,l) = 2.0_wp * ( ddx2_mg(l) + ddy2_mg(l) ) + &
443	f2_mg(k,l) + f3_mg(k,l)
444	ENDDO
445	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
446	dx_l = dx_l * 2.0_wp
447	dy_l = dy_l * 2.0_wp
448	ENDDO
449
450	ENDIF
451
452	!
453	!-- Compute the reciprocal values of the horizontal grid lengths.
454	ddx = 1.0_wp / dx
455	ddy = 1.0_wp / dy
456	dx2 = dx * dx
457	dy2 = dy * dy
458	ddx2 = 1.0_wp / dx2
459	ddy2 = 1.0_wp / dy2
460
461	!
462	!-- Compute the grid-dependent mixing length.
463	DO k = 1, nzt
464	l_grid(k) = ( dx * dy * dzw(k) )**0.33333333333333_wp
465	ENDDO
466
467	!
468	!-- Allocate outer and inner index arrays for topography and set
469	!-- defaults.
470	!-- nzb_local has to contain additional layers of ghost points for calculating
471	!-- the flag arrays needed for the multigrid method
472	gls = 2**( maximum_grid_level )
473	IF ( gls < nbgp ) gls = nbgp
474
475	ALLOCATE( corner_nl(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), corner_nr(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
476	corner_sl(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), corner_sr(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
477	nzb_local(-gls:ny+gls,-gls:nx+gls), &
478	nzb_tmp(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp), &
479	wall_l(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), wall_n(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
480	wall_r(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), wall_s(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
481	ALLOCATE( fwxm(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fwxp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
482	fwym(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fwyp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
483	fxm(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fxp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
484	fym(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fyp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
485	nzb_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
486	nzb_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
487	nzb_u_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
488	nzb_u_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
489	nzb_v_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
490	nzb_v_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
491	nzb_w_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
492	nzb_w_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
493	nzb_diff_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
494	nzb_diff_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
495	nzb_diff_u(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
496	nzb_diff_v(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
497	rflags_s_inner(nzb:nzt+2,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
498	rflags_invers(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nzb:nzt+2), &
499	wall_e_x(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
500	wall_e_y(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
501	wall_u(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
502	wall_v(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
503	wall_w_x(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
504	wall_w_y(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
505
506
507
508	ALLOCATE( l_wall(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
509
510
511	nzb_s_inner = nzb; nzb_s_outer = nzb
512	nzb_u_inner = nzb; nzb_u_outer = nzb
513	nzb_v_inner = nzb; nzb_v_outer = nzb
514	nzb_w_inner = nzb; nzb_w_outer = nzb
515
516	rflags_s_inner = 1.0_wp
517	rflags_invers = 1.0_wp
518
519	!
520	!-- Define vertical gridpoint from (or to) which on the usual finite difference
521	!-- form (which does not use surface fluxes) is applied
522	IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
523	nzb_diff = nzb + 2
524	ELSE
525	nzb_diff = nzb + 1
526	ENDIF
527	IF ( use_top_fluxes ) THEN
528	nzt_diff = nzt - 1
529	ELSE
530	nzt_diff = nzt
531	ENDIF
532
533	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_diff; nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_diff
534	nzb_diff_u = nzb_diff; nzb_diff_v = nzb_diff
535
536	wall_e_x = 0.0_wp; wall_e_y = 0.0_wp; wall_u = 0.0_wp; wall_v = 0.0_wp
537	wall_w_x = 0.0_wp; wall_w_y = 0.0_wp
538	fwxp = 1.0_wp; fwxm = 1.0_wp; fwyp = 1.0_wp; fwym = 1.0_wp
539	fxp = 1.0_wp; fxm = 1.0_wp; fyp = 1.0_wp; fym = 1.0_wp
540
541	!
542	!-- Initialize near-wall mixing length l_wall only in the vertical direction
543	!-- for the moment,
544	!-- multiplication with wall_adjustment_factor near the end of this routine
545	l_wall(nzb,:,:) = l_grid(1)
546	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
547	l_wall(k,:,:) = l_grid(k)
548	ENDDO
549	l_wall(nzt+1,:,:) = l_grid(nzt)
550
551	ALLOCATE ( vertical_influence(nzb:nzt) )
552	DO k = 1, nzt
553	vertical_influence(k) = MIN ( INT( l_grid(k) / &
554	( wall_adjustment_factor * dzw(k) ) + 0.5_wp ), nzt - k )
555	ENDDO
556
557	DO k = 1, MAXVAL( nzb_s_inner )
558	IF ( l_grid(k) > 1.5_wp * dx * wall_adjustment_factor .OR. &
559	l_grid(k) > 1.5_wp * dy * wall_adjustment_factor ) THEN
560	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'grid anisotropy exceeds ', &
561	'threshold given by only local', &
562	' &horizontal reduction of near_wall ', &
563	'mixing length l_wall', &
564	' &starting from height level k = ', k, '.'
565	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0202', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
566	EXIT
567	ENDIF
568	ENDDO
569	vertical_influence(0) = vertical_influence(1)
570
571	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
572	DO j = nysg, nyng
573	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 1, &
574	nzb_s_inner(j,i) + vertical_influence(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
575	l_wall(k,j,i) = zu(k) - zw(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
576	ENDDO
577	ENDDO
578	ENDDO
579
580	!
581	!-- Set outer and inner index arrays for non-flat topography.
582	!-- Here consistency checks concerning domain size and periodicity are
583	!-- necessary.
584	!-- Within this SELECT CASE structure only nzb_local is initialized
585	!-- individually depending on the chosen topography type, all other index
586	!-- arrays are initialized further below.
587	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( topography ) )
588
589	CASE ( 'flat' )
590	!
591	!-- nzb_local is required for the multigrid solver
592	nzb_local = 0
593
594	CASE ( 'single_building' )
595	!
596	!-- Single rectangular building, by default centered in the middle of the
597	!-- total domain
598	blx = NINT( building_length_x / dx )
599	bly = NINT( building_length_y / dy )
600	bh = MINLOC( ABS( zw - building_height ), 1 ) - 1
601	IF ( ABS( zw(bh ) - building_height ) == &
602	ABS( zw(bh+1) - building_height ) ) bh = bh + 1
603
604	IF ( building_wall_left == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
605	building_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - blx ) / 2 * dx
606	ENDIF
607	bxl = NINT( building_wall_left / dx )
608	bxr = bxl + blx
609
610	IF ( building_wall_south == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
611	building_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - bly ) / 2 * dy
612	ENDIF
613	bys = NINT( building_wall_south / dy )
614	byn = bys + bly
615
616	!
617	!-- Building size has to meet some requirements
618	IF ( ( bxl < 1 ) .OR. ( bxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( bxr < bxl+3 ) .OR. &
619	( bys < 1 ) .OR. ( byn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( byn < bys+3 ) ) THEN
620	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent building parameters:', &
621	'& bxl=', bxl, 'bxr=', bxr, 'bys=', bys, &
622	'byn=', byn, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
623	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0203', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
624	ENDIF
625
626	!
627	!-- Define the building.
628	nzb_local = 0
629	nzb_local(bys:byn,bxl:bxr) = bh
630
631	CASE ( 'single_street_canyon' )
632	!
633	!-- Single quasi-2D street canyon of infinite length in x or y direction.
634	!-- The canyon is centered in the other direction by default.
635	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
636	!
637	!-- Street canyon in y direction
638	cwx = NINT( canyon_width_x / dx )
639	IF ( canyon_wall_left == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
640	canyon_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - cwx ) / 2 * dx
641	ENDIF
642	cxl = NINT( canyon_wall_left / dx )
643	cxr = cxl + cwx
644
645	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
646	!
647	!-- Street canyon in x direction
648	cwy = NINT( canyon_width_y / dy )
649	IF ( canyon_wall_south == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
650	canyon_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - cwy ) / 2 * dy
651	ENDIF
652	cys = NINT( canyon_wall_south / dy )
653	cyn = cys + cwy
654
655	ELSE
656
657	message_string = 'no street canyon width given'
658	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0204', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
659
660	ENDIF
661
662	ch = MINLOC( ABS( zw - canyon_height ), 1 ) - 1
663	IF ( ABS( zw(ch ) - canyon_height ) == &
664	ABS( zw(ch+1) - canyon_height ) ) ch = ch + 1
665
666	dp_level_ind_b = ch
667	!
668	!-- Street canyon size has to meet some requirements
669	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
670	IF ( ( cxl < 1 ) .OR. ( cxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( cwx < 3 ) .OR. &
671	( ch < 3 ) ) THEN
672	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', &
673	'&cxl=', cxl, 'cxr=', cxr, &
674	'cwx=', cwx, &
675	'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
676	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0205', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
677	ENDIF
678	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
679	IF ( ( cys < 1 ) .OR. ( cyn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( cwy < 3 ) .OR. &
680	( ch < 3 ) ) THEN
681	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', &
682	'&cys=', cys, 'cyn=', cyn, &
683	'cwy=', cwy, &
684	'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
685	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0206', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
686	ENDIF
687	ENDIF
688	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. &
689	canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
690	message_string = 'inconsistent canyon parameters:' // &
691	'&street canyon can only be oriented' // &
692	'&either in x- or in y-direction'
693	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0207', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
694	ENDIF
695
696	nzb_local = ch
697	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
698	nzb_local(:,cxl+1:cxr-1) = 0
699	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
700	nzb_local(cys+1:cyn-1,:) = 0
701	ENDIF
702
703	CASE ( 'read_from_file' )
704
705	ALLOCATE ( topo_height(0:ny,0:nx) )
706
707	DO ii = 0, io_blocks-1
708	IF ( ii == io_group ) THEN
709
710	!
711	!-- Arbitrary irregular topography data in PALM format (exactly
712	!-- matching the grid size and total domain size)
713	OPEN( 90, FILE='TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'//TRIM( coupling_char ), &
714	STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', ERR=10 )
715	DO j = ny, 0, -1
716	READ( 90, *, ERR=11, END=11 ) ( topo_height(j,i), i = 0,nx )
717	ENDDO
718
719	GOTO 12
720
721	10 message_string = 'file TOPOGRAPHY'//TRIM( coupling_char )// &
722	' does not exist'
723	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0208', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
724
725	11 message_string = 'errors in file TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'// &
726	TRIM( coupling_char )
727	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0209', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
728
729	12 CLOSE( 90 )
730
731	ENDIF
732	#if defined( __parallel )
733	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
734	#endif
735	ENDDO
736
737	!
738	!-- Calculate the index height of the topography
739	DO i = 0, nx
740	DO j = 0, ny
741	nzb_local(j,i) = MINLOC( ABS( zw - topo_height(j,i) ), 1 ) - 1
742	IF ( ABS( zw(nzb_local(j,i) ) - topo_height(j,i) ) == &
743	ABS( zw(nzb_local(j,i)+1) - topo_height(j,i) ) ) &
744	nzb_local(j,i) = nzb_local(j,i) + 1
745	ENDDO
746	ENDDO
747
748	DEALLOCATE ( topo_height )
749
750	!
751	!-- Add cyclic or Neumann boundary conditions (additional layers are for
752	!-- calculating flag arrays needed for the multigrid sover)
753	IF ( bc_ns_cyc ) THEN
754	nzb_local(-gls:-1,0:nx) = nzb_local(ny-gls+1:ny,0:nx)
755	nzb_local(ny+1:ny+gls,0:nx) = nzb_local(0:gls-1,0:nx)
756	ELSE
757	DO j = -gls, -1
758	nzb_local(j,0:nx) = nzb_local(0,0:nx)
759	ENDDO
760	DO j = ny+1, ny+gls
761	nzb_local(j,0:nx) = nzb_local(ny,0:nx)
762	ENDDO
763	ENDIF
764
765	IF ( bc_lr_cyc ) THEN
766	nzb_local(:,-gls:-1) = nzb_local(:,nx-gls+1:nx)
767	nzb_local(:,nx+1:nx+gls) = nzb_local(:,0:gls-1)
768	ELSE
769	DO i = -gls, -1
770	nzb_local(:,i) = nzb_local(:,0)
771	ENDDO
772	DO i = nx+1, nx+gls
773	nzb_local(:,i) = nzb_local(:,nx)
774	ENDDO
775	ENDIF
776
777	CASE DEFAULT
778	!
779	!-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter topography
780	!-- contains a wrong character string or if the user has defined a special
781	!-- case in the user interface. There, the subroutine user_init_grid
782	!-- checks which of these two conditions applies.
783	CALL user_init_grid( gls, nzb_local )
784
785	END SELECT
786	!
787	!-- Determine the maximum level of topography. Furthermore it is used for
788	!-- steering the degradation of order of the applied advection scheme.
789	!-- In case of non-cyclic lateral boundaries, the order of the advection
790	!-- scheme have to be reduced up to nzt (required at the lateral boundaries).
791	nzb_max = MAXVAL( nzb_local ) + 1
792	IF ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. &
793	inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. &
794	nest_domain ) &
795	THEN
796	nzb_max = nzt
797	ENDIF
798
799	!
800	!-- Consistency checks and index array initialization are only required for
801	!-- non-flat topography, also the initialization of topography height arrays
802	!-- zu_s_inner and zw_w_inner
803	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
804
805	!
806	!-- Consistency checks
807	IF ( MINVAL( nzb_local ) < 0 .OR. MAXVAL( nzb_local ) > nz + 1 ) THEN
808	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'nzb_local values are outside the', &
809	'model domain', &
810	'&MINVAL( nzb_local ) = ', MINVAL(nzb_local), &
811	'&MAXVAL( nzb_local ) = ', MAXVAL(nzb_local)
812	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0210', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
813	ENDIF
814
815	IF ( bc_lr_cyc ) THEN
816	IF ( ANY( nzb_local(:,-1) /= nzb_local(:,nx) ) .OR. &
817	ANY( nzb_local(:,0) /= nzb_local(:,nx+1) ) ) THEN
818	message_string = 'nzb_local does not fulfill cyclic' // &
819	' boundary condition in x-direction'
820	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0211', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
821	ENDIF
822	ENDIF
823	IF ( bc_ns_cyc ) THEN
824	IF ( ANY( nzb_local(-1,:) /= nzb_local(ny,:) ) .OR. &
825	ANY( nzb_local(0,:) /= nzb_local(ny+1,:) ) ) THEN
826	message_string = 'nzb_local does not fulfill cyclic' // &
827	' boundary condition in y-direction'
828	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0212', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
829	ENDIF
830	ENDIF
831
832	IF ( topography_grid_convention == 'cell_edge' ) THEN
833	!
834	!-- The array nzb_local as defined using the 'cell_edge' convention
835	!-- describes the actual total size of topography which is defined at the
836	!-- cell edges where u=0 on the topography walls in x-direction and v=0
837	!-- on the topography walls in y-direction. However, PALM uses individual
838	!-- arrays nzb_u\|v\|w\|s_inner\|outer that are based on nzb_s_inner.
839	!-- Therefore, the extent of topography in nzb_local is now reduced by
840	!-- 1dx at the E topography walls and by 1dy at the N topography walls
841	!-- to form the basis for nzb_s_inner.
842	DO j = -gls, ny + gls
843	DO i = -gls, nx
844	nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j,i+1) )
845	ENDDO
846	ENDDO
847	!-- apply cyclic boundary conditions in x-direction
848	!(ist das erforderlich? Ursache von Seung Bus Fehler?)
849	nzb_local(:,nx+1:nx+gls) = nzb_local(:,0:gls-1)
850	DO i = -gls, nx + gls
851	DO j = -gls, ny
852	nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j+1,i) )
853	ENDDO
854	ENDDO
855	!-- apply cyclic boundary conditions in y-direction
856	!(ist das erforderlich? Ursache von Seung Bus Fehler?)
857	nzb_local(ny+1:ny+gls,:) = nzb_local(0:gls-1,:)
858	ENDIF
859
860	!
861	!-- Initialize index arrays nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner
862	nzb_s_inner = nzb_local(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
863	nzb_w_inner = nzb_local(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
864
865	!
866	!-- Initialize remaining index arrays:
867	!-- first pre-initialize them with nzb_s_inner...
868	nzb_u_inner = nzb_s_inner
869	nzb_u_outer = nzb_s_inner
870	nzb_v_inner = nzb_s_inner
871	nzb_v_outer = nzb_s_inner
872	nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_inner
873	nzb_s_outer = nzb_s_inner
874
875	!
876	!-- ...then extend pre-initialized arrays in their according directions
877	!-- based on nzb_local using nzb_tmp as a temporary global index array
878
879	!
880	!-- nzb_s_outer:
881	!-- extend nzb_local east-/westwards first, then north-/southwards
882	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
883	DO j = -1, ny + 1
884	DO i = 0, nx
885	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i), &
886	nzb_local(j,i+1) )
887	ENDDO
888	ENDDO
889	DO i = nxl, nxr
890	DO j = nys, nyn
891	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
892	nzb_tmp(j+1,i) )
893	ENDDO
894	!
895	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
896	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
897	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
898	j = -1
899	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
900	ENDIF
901	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
902	j = ny + 1
903	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
904	ENDIF
905	ENDDO
906	!
907	!-- nzb_w_outer:
908	!-- identical to nzb_s_outer
909	nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_outer
910
911	!
912	!-- nzb_u_inner:
913	!-- extend nzb_local rightwards only
914	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
915	DO j = -1, ny + 1
916	DO i = 0, nx + 1
917	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i) )
918	ENDDO
919	ENDDO
920	nzb_u_inner = nzb_tmp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
921
922	!
923	!-- nzb_u_outer:
924	!-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_u_inner) north-/southwards
925	DO i = nxl, nxr
926	DO j = nys, nyn
927	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
928	nzb_tmp(j+1,i) )
929	ENDDO
930	!
931	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
932	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
933	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
934	j = -1
935	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
936	ENDIF
937	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
938	j = ny + 1
939	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
940	ENDIF
941	ENDDO
942
943	!
944	!-- nzb_v_inner:
945	!-- extend nzb_local northwards only
946	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
947	DO i = -1, nx + 1
948	DO j = 0, ny + 1
949	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j-1,i), nzb_local(j,i) )
950	ENDDO
951	ENDDO
952	nzb_v_inner = nzb_tmp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
953
954	!
955	!-- nzb_v_outer:
956	!-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_v_inner) right-/leftwards
957	DO j = nys, nyn
958	DO i = nxl, nxr
959	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
960	nzb_tmp(j,i+1) )
961	ENDDO
962	!
963	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
964	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
965	IF ( nxl == 0 ) THEN
966	i = -1
967	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i+1), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
968	ENDIF
969	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
970	i = nx + 1
971	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
972	ENDIF
973	ENDDO
974
975	!
976	!-- Exchange of lateral boundary values (parallel computers) and cyclic
977	!-- boundary conditions, if applicable.
978	!-- Since nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner are derived directly from nzb_local
979	!-- they do not require exchange and are not included here.
980	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_inner )
981	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_outer )
982	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_inner )
983	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_outer )
984	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_w_outer )
985	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_s_outer )
986
987	!
988	!-- Allocate and set the arrays containing the topography height
989	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
990
991	ALLOCATE( zu_s_inner(0:nx+1,0:ny+1), zw_w_inner(0:nx+1,0:ny+1) )
992
993	DO i = 0, nx + 1
994	DO j = 0, ny + 1
995	zu_s_inner(i,j) = zu(nzb_local(j,i))
996	zw_w_inner(i,j) = zw(nzb_local(j,i))
997	ENDDO
998	ENDDO
999
1000	ENDIF
1001	!
1002	!-- Set flag arrays to be used for masking of grid points
1003	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1004	DO j = nysg, nyng
1005	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1006	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i) ) rflags_s_inner(k,j,i) = 0.0_wp
1007	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i) ) rflags_invers(j,i,k) = 0.0_wp
1008	ENDDO
1009	ENDDO
1010	ENDDO
1011
1012	ENDIF
1013
1014	!
1015	!-- Set the individual index arrays which define the k index from which on
1016	!-- the usual finite difference form (which does not use surface fluxes) is
1017	!-- applied
1018	IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
1019	nzb_diff_u = nzb_u_inner + 2
1020	nzb_diff_v = nzb_v_inner + 2
1021	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 2
1022	nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 2
1023	ELSE
1024	nzb_diff_u = nzb_u_inner + 1
1025	nzb_diff_v = nzb_v_inner + 1
1026	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 1
1027	nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 1
1028	ENDIF
1029
1030	!
1031	!-- Calculation of wall switches and factors required by diffusion_u/v.f90 and
1032	!-- for limitation of near-wall mixing length l_wall further below
1033	corner_nl = 0
1034	corner_nr = 0
1035	corner_sl = 0
1036	corner_sr = 0
1037	wall_l = 0
1038	wall_n = 0
1039	wall_r = 0
1040	wall_s = 0
1041
1042	DO i = nxl, nxr
1043	DO j = nys, nyn
1044	!
1045	!-- u-component
1046	IF ( nzb_u_outer(j,i) > nzb_u_outer(j+1,i) ) THEN
1047	wall_u(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! north wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1048	fym(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1049	fyp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1050	ELSEIF ( nzb_u_outer(j,i) > nzb_u_outer(j-1,i) ) THEN
1051	wall_u(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! south wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1052	fym(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1053	fyp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1054	ENDIF
1055	!
1056	!-- v-component
1057	IF ( nzb_v_outer(j,i) > nzb_v_outer(j,i+1) ) THEN
1058	wall_v(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! rigth wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1059	fxm(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1060	fxp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1061	ELSEIF ( nzb_v_outer(j,i) > nzb_v_outer(j,i-1) ) THEN
1062	wall_v(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! left wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1063	fxm(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1064	fxp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1065	ENDIF
1066	!
1067	!-- w-component, also used for scalars, separate arrays for shear
1068	!-- production of tke
1069	IF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j+1,i) ) THEN
1070	wall_e_y(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! north wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1071	wall_w_y(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1072	fwym(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1073	fwyp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1074	ELSEIF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j-1,i) ) THEN
1075	wall_e_y(j,i) = -1.0_wp ! south wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1076	wall_w_y(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1077	fwym(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1078	fwyp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1079	ENDIF
1080	IF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j,i+1) ) THEN
1081	wall_e_x(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! right wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1082	wall_w_x(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1083	fwxm(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1084	fwxp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1085	ELSEIF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j,i-1) ) THEN
1086	wall_e_x(j,i) = -1.0_wp ! left wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1087	wall_w_x(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1088	fwxm(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1089	fwxp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1090	ENDIF
1091	!
1092	!-- Wall and corner locations inside buildings for limitation of
1093	!-- near-wall mixing length l_wall
1094	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) ) THEN
1095
1096	wall_n(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) + 1 ! North wall
1097
1098	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
1099	corner_nl(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j+1,i), & ! Northleft corner
1100	nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) + 1
1101	ENDIF
1102
1103	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
1104	corner_nr(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j+1,i), & ! Northright corner
1105	nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) + 1
1106	ENDIF
1107
1108	ENDIF
1109
1110	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) ) THEN
1111
1112	wall_s(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) + 1 ! South wall
1113	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
1114	corner_sl(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j-1,i), & ! Southleft corner
1115	nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) + 1
1116	ENDIF
1117
1118	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
1119	corner_sr(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j-1,i), & ! Southright corner
1120	nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) + 1
1121	ENDIF
1122
1123	ENDIF
1124
1125	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
1126	wall_l(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) + 1 ! Left wall
1127	ENDIF
1128
1129	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
1130	wall_r(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) + 1 ! Right wall
1131	ENDIF
1132
1133	ENDDO
1134	ENDDO
1135
1136	!
1137	!-- Calculate wall flag arrays for the multigrid method
1138	IF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' ) THEN
1139	!
1140	!-- Gridpoint increment of the current level
1141	inc = 1
1142
1143	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1 , -1
1144
1145	nxl_l = nxl_mg(l)
1146	nxr_l = nxr_mg(l)
1147	nys_l = nys_mg(l)
1148	nyn_l = nyn_mg(l)
1149	nzt_l = nzt_mg(l)
1150
1151	!
1152	!-- Assign the flag level to be calculated
1153	SELECT CASE ( l )
1154	CASE ( 1 )
1155	flags => wall_flags_1
1156	CASE ( 2 )
1157	flags => wall_flags_2
1158	CASE ( 3 )
1159	flags => wall_flags_3
1160	CASE ( 4 )
1161	flags => wall_flags_4
1162	CASE ( 5 )
1163	flags => wall_flags_5
1164	CASE ( 6 )
1165	flags => wall_flags_6
1166	CASE ( 7 )
1167	flags => wall_flags_7
1168	CASE ( 8 )
1169	flags => wall_flags_8
1170	CASE ( 9 )
1171	flags => wall_flags_9
1172	CASE ( 10 )
1173	flags => wall_flags_10
1174	END SELECT
1175
1176	!
1177	!-- Depending on the grid level, set the respective bits in case of
1178	!-- neighbouring walls
1179	!-- Bit 0: wall to the bottom
1180	!-- Bit 1: wall to the top (not realized in remaining PALM code so far)
1181	!-- Bit 2: wall to the south
1182	!-- Bit 3: wall to the north
1183	!-- Bit 4: wall to the left
1184	!-- Bit 5: wall to the right
1185	!-- Bit 6: inside building
1186
1187	flags = 0
1188
1189	!
1190	!-- In case of masking method, flags are not set and multigrid method
1191	!-- works like FFT-solver
1192	IF ( psolver == 'multigrid' .AND. .NOT. masking_method ) THEN
1193
1194	DO i = nxl_l-1, nxr_l+1
1195	DO j = nys_l-1, nyn_l+1
1196	DO k = nzb, nzt_l+1
1197
1198	!
1199	!-- Inside/outside building (inside building does not need
1200	!-- further tests for walls)
1201	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,i*inc) ) THEN
1202
1203	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 6 )
1204
1205	ELSE
1206	!
1207	!-- Bottom wall
1208	IF ( (k-1)inc <= nzb_local(jinc,i*inc) ) THEN
1209	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 0 )
1210	ENDIF
1211	!
1212	!-- South wall
1213	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local((j-1)inc,i*inc) ) THEN
1214	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 2 )
1215	ENDIF
1216	!
1217	!-- North wall
1218	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local((j+1)inc,i*inc) ) THEN
1219	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 3 )
1220	ENDIF
1221	!
1222	!-- Left wall
1223	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,(i-1)*inc) ) THEN
1224	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 4 )
1225	ENDIF
1226	!
1227	!-- Right wall
1228	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,(i+1)*inc) ) THEN
1229	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 5 )
1230	ENDIF
1231
1232	ENDIF
1233
1234	ENDDO
1235	ENDDO
1236	ENDDO
1237
1238	ENDIF
1239
1240	!
1241	!-- Test output of flag arrays
1242	! i = nxl_l
1243	! WRITE (9,*) ' '
1244	! WRITE (9,) ' mg level ', l, ' *', mg_switch_to_pe0_level
1245	! WRITE (9,*) ' inc=', inc, ' i =', nxl_l
1246	! WRITE (9,*) ' nxl_l',nxl_l,' nxr_l=',nxr_l,' nys_l=',nys_l,' nyn_l=',nyn_l
1247	! DO k = nzt_l+1, nzb, -1
1248	! WRITE (9,'(194(1X,I2))') ( flags(k,j,i), j = nys_l-1, nyn_l+1 )
1249	! ENDDO
1250
1251	inc = inc * 2
1252
1253	ENDDO
1254
1255	ENDIF
1256	!
1257	!-- Allocate flags needed for masking walls.
1258	ALLOCATE( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
1259	wall_flags_00(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1260	wall_flags_0 = 0
1261	wall_flags_00 = 0
1262
1263	IF ( scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' .OR. &
1264	scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme-mono' ) THEN
1265	!
1266	!-- Set flags to steer the degradation of the advection scheme in advec_ws
1267	!-- near topography, inflow- and outflow boundaries as well as bottom and
1268	!-- top of model domain. wall_flags_0 remains zero for all non-prognostic
1269	!-- grid points.
1270	DO i = nxl, nxr
1271	DO j = nys, nyn
1272	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzt
1273	!
1274	!-- scalar - x-direction
1275	!-- WS1 (0), WS3 (1), WS5 (2)
1276	IF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) .OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+2) &
1277	.OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1278	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1279	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. &
1280	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1281	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1282	THEN
1283	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 )
1284	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+3) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1)&
1285	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+2)&
1286	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1)&
1287	) .OR. &
1288	( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i-2) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1)&
1289	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+2)&
1290	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1)&
1291	) &
1292	.OR. &
1293	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1294	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1295	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1296	.AND. i == nxlu ) ) &
1297	THEN
1298	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 )
1299	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+2) &
1300	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+3) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) &
1301	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-2) ) &
1302	THEN
1303	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 )
1304	ENDIF
1305	!
1306	!-- scalar - y-direction
1307	!-- WS1 (3), WS3 (4), WS5 (5)
1308	IF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) .OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j+2,i) &
1309	.OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1310	.OR. &
1311	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1312	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. &
1313	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1314	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1315	THEN
1316	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 )
1317	!
1318	!-- WS3
1319	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j+3,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i)&
1320	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+2,i)&
1321	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i)&
1322	) .OR. &
1323	( k <= nzb_s_inner(j-2,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i)&
1324	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+2,i)&
1325	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i)&
1326	) &
1327	.OR. &
1328	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1329	.AND. j == nysv ) .OR. &
1330	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1331	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1332	THEN
1333	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 4 )
1334	!
1335	!-- WS5
1336	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+2,i) &
1337	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+3,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) &
1338	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-2,i) ) &
1339	THEN
1340	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 5 )
1341	ENDIF
1342	!
1343	!-- scalar - z-direction
1344	!-- WS1 (6), WS3 (7), WS5 (8)
1345	flag_set = .FALSE.
1346	IF ( k == nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1347	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 6 )
1348	flag_set = .TRUE.
1349	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1350	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 7 )
1351	flag_set = .TRUE.
1352	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_s_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1353	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 8 )
1354	ENDIF
1355
1356	ENDDO
1357	ENDDO
1358	ENDDO
1359	ENDIF
1360
1361	IF ( momentum_advec == 'ws-scheme' ) THEN
1362	!
1363	!-- Set wall_flags_0 to steer the degradation of the advection scheme in advec_ws
1364	!-- near topography, inflow- and outflow boundaries as well as bottom and
1365	!-- top of model domain. wall_flags_0 remains zero for all non-prognostic
1366	!-- grid points.
1367	DO i = nxl, nxr
1368	DO j = nys, nyn
1369	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1370	!
1371	!-- At first, set flags to WS1.
1372	!-- Since fluxes are swapped in advec_ws.f90, this is necessary to
1373	!-- in order to handle the left/south flux.
1374	!-- near vertical walls.
1375	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1376	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1377	!
1378	!-- u component - x-direction
1379	!-- WS1 (9), WS3 (10), WS5 (11)
1380	IF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i+1) .OR. &
1381	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1382	.AND. i <= nxlu ) .OR. &
1383	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1384	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1385	THEN
1386	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1387	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i+2) .AND. &
1388	k > nzb_u_inner(j,i+1) ) .OR. &
1389	k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i-1) &
1390	.OR. &
1391	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1392	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1393	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1394	.AND. i == nxlu+1) ) &
1395	THEN
1396	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 10 )
1397	!
1398	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1399	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1400	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_u_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j,i+2) &
1401	.AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1402	THEN
1403	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 11 )
1404	!
1405	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1406	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1407	ENDIF
1408	!
1409	!-- u component - y-direction
1410	!-- WS1 (12), WS3 (13), WS5 (14)
1411	IF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j+1,i) .OR. &
1412	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1413	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. &
1414	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1415	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1416	THEN
1417	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1418	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j+2,i) .AND. &
1419	k > nzb_u_inner(j+1,i) ) .OR. &
1420	k <= nzb_u_inner(j-1,i) &
1421	.OR. &
1422	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1423	.AND. j == nysv ) .OR. &
1424	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1425	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1426	THEN
1427	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 13 )
1428	!
1429	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1430	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1431	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_u_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j+2,i) &
1432	.AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1433	THEN
1434	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 14 )
1435	!
1436	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1437	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1438	ENDIF
1439	!
1440	!-- u component - z-direction
1441	!-- WS1 (15), WS3 (16), WS5 (17)
1442	flag_set = .FALSE.
1443	IF ( k == nzb_u_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1444	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 15 )
1445	flag_set = .TRUE.
1446	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_u_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1447	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 16 )
1448	flag_set = .TRUE.
1449	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_u_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1450	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 17 )
1451	ENDIF
1452
1453	ENDDO
1454	ENDDO
1455	ENDDO
1456
1457	DO i = nxl, nxr
1458	DO j = nys, nyn
1459	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1460	!
1461	!-- At first, set flags to WS1.
1462	!-- Since fluxes are swapped in advec_ws.f90, this is necessary to
1463	!-- in order to handle the left/south flux.
1464	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1465	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1466	!
1467	!-- v component - x-direction
1468	!-- WS1 (18), WS3 (19), WS5 (20)
1469	IF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i+1) .OR. &
1470	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1471	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. &
1472	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1473	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1474	THEN
1475	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1476	!
1477	!-- WS3
1478	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i+2) .AND. &
1479	k > nzb_v_inner(j,i+1) ) .OR. &
1480	k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i-1) &
1481	.OR. &
1482	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1483	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1484	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1485	.AND. i == nxlu ) ) &
1486	THEN
1487	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 19 )
1488	!
1489	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1490	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1491	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_v_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j,i+2) &
1492	.AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1493	THEN
1494	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 20 )
1495	!
1496	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1497	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1498	ENDIF
1499	!
1500	!-- v component - y-direction
1501	!-- WS1 (21), WS3 (22), WS5 (23)
1502	IF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j+1,i) .OR. &
1503	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1504	.AND. j <= nysv ) .OR. &
1505	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1506	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1507	THEN
1508	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1509	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j+2,i) .AND. &
1510	k > nzb_v_inner(j+1,i) ) .OR. &
1511	k <= nzb_v_inner(j-1,i) &
1512	.OR. &
1513	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1514	.AND. j == nysv+1) .OR. &
1515	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1516	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1517	THEN
1518	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 22 )
1519	!
1520	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1521	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1522	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_v_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j+2,i) &
1523	.AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1524	THEN
1525	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 23 )
1526	!
1527	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1528	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1529	ENDIF
1530	!
1531	!-- v component - z-direction
1532	!-- WS1 (24), WS3 (25), WS5 (26)
1533	flag_set = .FALSE.
1534	IF ( k == nzb_v_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1535	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 24 )
1536	flag_set = .TRUE.
1537	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_v_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1538	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 25 )
1539	flag_set = .TRUE.
1540	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_v_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1541	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 26 )
1542	ENDIF
1543
1544	ENDDO
1545	ENDDO
1546	ENDDO
1547	DO i = nxl, nxr
1548	DO j = nys, nyn
1549	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1550	!
1551	!-- At first, set flags to WS1.
1552	!-- Since fluxes are swapped in advec_ws.f90, this is necessary to
1553	!-- in order to handle the left/south flux.
1554	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1555	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1556	!
1557	!-- w component - x-direction
1558	!-- WS1 (27), WS3 (28), WS5 (29)
1559	IF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i+1) .OR. &
1560	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1561	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. &
1562	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1563	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1564	THEN
1565	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1566	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i+2) .AND. &
1567	k > nzb_w_inner(j,i+1) ) .OR. &
1568	k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i-1) &
1569	.OR. &
1570	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1571	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1572	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1573	.AND. i == nxlu ) ) &
1574	THEN
1575	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 28 )
1576	!
1577	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1578	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1579	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_w_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j,i+2) &
1580	.AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1581	THEN
1582	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i),29 )
1583	!
1584	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1585	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1586	ENDIF
1587	!
1588	!-- w component - y-direction
1589	!-- WS1 (30), WS3 (31), WS5 (32)
1590	IF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j+1,i) .OR. &
1591	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1592	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. &
1593	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1594	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1595	THEN
1596	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1597	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j+2,i) .AND. &
1598	k > nzb_w_inner(j+1,i) ) .OR. &
1599	k <= nzb_w_inner(j-1,i) &
1600	.OR. &
1601	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1602	.AND. j == nysv ) .OR. &
1603	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1604	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1605	THEN
1606	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 31 )
1607	!
1608	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1609	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1610	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_w_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j+2,i) &
1611	.AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1612	THEN
1613	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 0 )
1614	!
1615	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1616	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1617	ENDIF
1618	!
1619	!-- w component - z-direction
1620	!-- WS1 (33), WS3 (34), WS5 (35)
1621	flag_set = .FALSE.
1622	IF ( k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) .OR. k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) + 1 &
1623	.OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1624	!
1625	!-- Please note, at k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) a flag is explictely
1626	!-- set, although this is not a prognostic level. However,
1627	!-- contrary to the advection of u,v and s this is necessary
1628	!-- because flux_t(nzb_w_inner(j,i)) is used for the tendency
1629	!-- at k == nzb_w_inner(j,i)+1.
1630	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 1 )
1631	flag_set = .TRUE.
1632	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1633	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 2 )
1634	flag_set = .TRUE.
1635	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_w_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1636	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 3 )
1637	ENDIF
1638
1639	ENDDO
1640	ENDDO
1641	ENDDO
1642
1643	ENDIF
1644
1645	!
1646	!-- Exchange 3D integer wall_flags.
1647	IF ( momentum_advec == 'ws-scheme' .OR. scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' &
1648	.OR. scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme-mono' ) THEN
1649	!
1650	!-- Exchange ghost points for advection flags
1651	CALL exchange_horiz_int( wall_flags_0, nbgp )
1652	CALL exchange_horiz_int( wall_flags_00, nbgp )
1653	!
1654	!-- Set boundary flags at inflow and outflow boundary in case of
1655	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions.
1656	IF ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) THEN
1657	wall_flags_0(:,:,nxl-1) = wall_flags_0(:,:,nxl)
1658	wall_flags_00(:,:,nxl-1) = wall_flags_00(:,:,nxl)
1659	ENDIF
1660
1661	IF ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) THEN
1662	wall_flags_0(:,:,nxr+1) = wall_flags_0(:,:,nxr)
1663	wall_flags_00(:,:,nxr+1) = wall_flags_00(:,:,nxr)
1664	ENDIF
1665
1666	IF ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) THEN
1667	wall_flags_0(:,nyn+1,:) = wall_flags_0(:,nyn,:)
1668	wall_flags_00(:,nyn+1,:) = wall_flags_00(:,nyn,:)
1669	ENDIF
1670
1671	IF ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) THEN
1672	wall_flags_0(:,nys-1,:) = wall_flags_0(:,nys,:)
1673	wall_flags_00(:,nys-1,:) = wall_flags_00(:,nys,:)
1674	ENDIF
1675
1676	ENDIF
1677
1678	!
1679	!-- In case of topography: limit near-wall mixing length l_wall further:
1680	!-- Go through all points of the subdomain one by one and look for the closest
1681	!-- surface
1682	IF ( TRIM(topography) /= 'flat' ) THEN
1683	DO i = nxl, nxr
1684	DO j = nys, nyn
1685
1686	nzb_si = nzb_s_inner(j,i)
1687	vi = vertical_influence(nzb_si)
1688
1689	IF ( wall_n(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1690	!
1691	!-- North wall (y distance)
1692	DO k = wall_n(j,i), nzb_si
1693	l_wall(k,j+1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i), 0.5_wp * dy )
1694	ENDDO
1695	!
1696	!-- Above North wall (yz distance)
1697	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1698	l_wall(k,j+1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i), &
1699	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dy**2 + &
1700	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1701	ENDDO
1702	!
1703	!-- Northleft corner (xy distance)
1704	IF ( corner_nl(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1705	DO k = corner_nl(j,i), nzb_si
1706	l_wall(k,j+1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i-1), &
1707	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1708	ENDDO
1709	!
1710	!-- Above Northleft corner (xyz distance)
1711	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1712	l_wall(k,j+1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i-1), &
1713	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1714	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1715	ENDDO
1716	ENDIF
1717	!
1718	!-- Northright corner (xy distance)
1719	IF ( corner_nr(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1720	DO k = corner_nr(j,i), nzb_si
1721	l_wall(k,j+1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i+1), &
1722	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1723	ENDDO
1724	!
1725	!-- Above northright corner (xyz distance)
1726	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1727	l_wall(k,j+1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i+1), &
1728	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1729	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1730	ENDDO
1731	ENDIF
1732	ENDIF
1733
1734	IF ( wall_s(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1735	!
1736	!-- South wall (y distance)
1737	DO k = wall_s(j,i), nzb_si
1738	l_wall(k,j-1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i), 0.5_wp * dy )
1739	ENDDO
1740	!
1741	!-- Above south wall (yz distance)
1742	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1743	l_wall(k,j-1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i), &
1744	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dy**2 + &
1745	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1746	ENDDO
1747	!
1748	!-- Southleft corner (xy distance)
1749	IF ( corner_sl(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1750	DO k = corner_sl(j,i), nzb_si
1751	l_wall(k,j-1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i-1), &
1752	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1753	ENDDO
1754	!
1755	!-- Above southleft corner (xyz distance)
1756	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1757	l_wall(k,j-1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i-1), &
1758	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1759	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1760	ENDDO
1761	ENDIF
1762	!
1763	!-- Southright corner (xy distance)
1764	IF ( corner_sr(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1765	DO k = corner_sr(j,i), nzb_si
1766	l_wall(k,j-1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i+1), &
1767	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1768	ENDDO
1769	!
1770	!-- Above southright corner (xyz distance)
1771	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1772	l_wall(k,j-1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i+1), &
1773	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1774	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1775	ENDDO
1776	ENDIF
1777
1778	ENDIF
1779
1780	IF ( wall_l(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1781	!
1782	!-- Left wall (x distance)
1783	DO k = wall_l(j,i), nzb_si
1784	l_wall(k,j,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i-1), 0.5_wp * dx )
1785	ENDDO
1786	!
1787	!-- Above left wall (xz distance)
1788	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1789	l_wall(k,j,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i-1), &
1790	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dx**2 + &
1791	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1792	ENDDO
1793	ENDIF
1794
1795	IF ( wall_r(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1796	!
1797	!-- Right wall (x distance)
1798	DO k = wall_r(j,i), nzb_si
1799	l_wall(k,j,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i+1), 0.5_wp * dx )
1800	ENDDO
1801	!
1802	!-- Above right wall (xz distance)
1803	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1804	l_wall(k,j,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i+1), &
1805	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dx**2 + &
1806	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1807	ENDDO
1808
1809	ENDIF
1810
1811	ENDDO
1812	ENDDO
1813
1814	ENDIF
1815
1816	!
1817	!-- Multiplication with wall_adjustment_factor
1818	l_wall = wall_adjustment_factor * l_wall
1819
1820	!
1821	!-- Set lateral boundary conditions for l_wall
1822	CALL exchange_horiz( l_wall, nbgp )
1823
1824	DEALLOCATE( corner_nl, corner_nr, corner_sl, corner_sr, nzb_local, &
1825	nzb_tmp, vertical_influence, wall_l, wall_n, wall_r, wall_s )
1826
1827
1828	END SUBROUTINE init_grid

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