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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/init_grid.f90 @ 1903

Last change on this file since 1903 was 1903, checked in by suehring, 8 years ago
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1	!> @file init_grid.f90
2	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
6	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
7	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8	!
9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
10	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
11	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
12	!
13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
14	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
15	!
16	! Copyright 1997-2016 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
17	!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
18	!
19	! Current revisions:
20	! -----------------
21	!
22	!
23	! Former revisions:
24	! -----------------
25	! $Id: init_grid.f90 1903 2016-05-09 11:20:41Z suehring $
26	!
27	! 1902 2016-05-09 11:18:56Z suehring
28	! Set topography flags only for multigrid solver, not for multigrid_fast
29	!
30	! 1886 2016-04-21 11:20:47Z suehring
31	! Bugfix: setting advection flags near walls
32	! reformulated index values for nzb_v_inner
33	! variable discriptions added in declaration block
34	!
35	! 1845 2016-04-08 08:29:13Z raasch
36	! nzb_2d removed
37	!
38	! 1804 2016-04-05 16:30:18Z maronga
39	! Removed code for parameter file check (__check)
40	!
41	! 1779 2016-03-03 08:01:28Z raasch
42	! coupling_char is trimmed at every place it occurs, because it can have
43	! different length now
44	!
45	! 1762 2016-02-25 12:31:13Z hellstea
46	! Introduction of nested domain feature
47	!
48	! 1743 2016-01-13 10:23:51Z raasch
49	! Bugfix for calculation of nzb_s_outer and nzb_u_outer at north boundary of
50	! total domain
51	!
52	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
53	! Renamed prandtl_layer to constant_flux_layer.
54	!
55	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
56	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
57	!
58	! 1677 2015-10-02 13:25:23Z boeske
59	! Bugfix: Ghost points are included in wall_flags_0 and wall_flags_00
60	!
61	! 1675 2015-10-02 08:28:59Z gronemeier
62	! Bugfix: Definition of topography grid levels
63	!
64	! 1660 2015-09-21 08:15:16Z gronemeier
65	! Bugfix: Definition of topography grid levels if vertical grid stretching
66	! starts below the maximum topography height.
67	!
68	! 1580 2015-04-10 13:43:49Z suehring
69	! Bugfix: setting flags for 5th order scheme near buildings
70	!
71	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
72	! adjustments for psolver-queries
73	!
74	! 1557 2015-03-05 16:43:04Z suehring
75	! Adjustment for monotoinic limiter
76	!
77	! 1418 2014-06-06 13:05:08Z fricke
78	! Bugfix: Change if-condition for stretched grid in the ocean, with the old
79	! condition and a negative value for dz_stretch_level the condition
80	! was always true for the whole model domain
81	!
82	! 1409 2014-05-23 12:11:32Z suehring
83	! Bugfix: set wall_flags_0 at inflow and outflow boundary also for i <= nxlu
84	! j <= nysv
85	!
86	! 1353 2014-04-08 15:21:23Z heinze
87	! REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute
88	!
89	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
90	! REAL constants defined as wp-kind
91	!
92	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
93	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
94	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
95	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
96	! revision history before 2012 removed,
97	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
98	! all variable declaration statements
99	!
100	! 1221 2013-09-10 08:59:13Z raasch
101	! wall_flags_00 introduced to hold bits 32-63,
102	! additional 3D-flag arrays for replacing the 2D-index array nzb_s_inner in
103	! loops optimized for openACC (pres + flow_statistics)
104	!
105	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
106	! unused variables removed
107	!
108	! 1069 2012-11-28 16:18:43Z maronga
109	! bugfix: added coupling_char to TOPOGRAPHY_DATA to allow topography in the
110	! ocean model in case of coupled runs
111	!
112	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
113	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
114	!
115	! 1015 2012-09-27 09:23:24Z raasch
116	! lower index for calculating wall_flags_0 set to nzb_w_inner instead of
117	! nzb_w_inner+1
118	!
119	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
120	! little reformatting
121	!
122	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
123	! Bugfix: nzb_max is set to nzt at non-cyclic lateral boundaries
124	! Bugfix: Set wall_flags_0 for inflow boundary
125	!
126	! 927 2012-06-06 19:15:04Z raasch
127	! Wall flags are not set for multigrid method in case of masking method
128	!
129	! 864 2012-03-27 15:10:33Z gryschka
130	! In case of ocean and Dirichlet bottom bc for u and v dzu_mg and ddzu_pres
131	! were not correctly defined for k=1.
132	!
133	! 861 2012-03-26 14:18:34Z suehring
134	! Set wall_flags_0. The array is needed for degradation in ws-scheme near walls,
135	! inflow and outflow boundaries as well as near the bottom and the top of the
136	! model domain.!
137	! Initialization of nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner.
138	! gls has to be at least nbgp to do not exceed the array bounds of nzb_local
139	! while setting wall_flags_0
140	!
141	! 843 2012-02-29 15:16:21Z gryschka
142	! In case of ocean and dirichlet bc for u and v at the bottom
143	! the first u-level ist defined at same height as the first w-level
144	!
145	! 818 2012-02-08 16:11:23Z maronga
146	! Bugfix: topo_height is only required if topography is used. It is thus now
147	! allocated in the topography branch
148	!
149	! 809 2012-01-30 13:32:58Z maronga
150	! Bugfix: replaced .AND. and .NOT. with && and ! in the preprocessor directives
151	!
152	! 807 2012-01-25 11:53:51Z maronga
153	! New cpp directive "__check" implemented which is used by check_namelist_files
154	!
155	! Revision 1.1 1997/08/11 06:17:45 raasch
156	! Initial revision (Testversion)
157	!
158	!
159	! Description:
160	! ------------
161	!> Creating grid depending constants
162	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
163	SUBROUTINE init_grid
164
165
166	USE arrays_3d, &
167	ONLY: dd2zu, ddzu, ddzu_pres, ddzw, dzu, dzu_mg, dzw, dzw_mg, f1_mg, &
168	f2_mg, f3_mg, l_grid, l_wall, zu, zw
169
170	USE control_parameters, &
171	ONLY: bc_lr, bc_ns, building_height, building_length_x, &
172	building_length_y, building_wall_left, building_wall_south, &
173	canyon_height, canyon_wall_left, canyon_wall_south, &
174	canyon_width_x, canyon_width_y, constant_flux_layer, &
175	coupling_char, dp_level_ind_b, dz, dz_max, dz_stretch_factor, &
176	dz_stretch_level, dz_stretch_level_index, ibc_uv_b, io_blocks, &
177	io_group, inflow_l, inflow_n, inflow_r, inflow_s, &
178	masking_method, maximum_grid_level, message_string, &
179	momentum_advec, nest_domain, nest_bound_l, nest_bound_n, &
180	nest_bound_r, nest_bound_s, ocean, outflow_l, outflow_n, &
181	outflow_r, outflow_s, psolver, scalar_advec, topography, &
182	topography_grid_convention, use_surface_fluxes, use_top_fluxes, &
183	wall_adjustment_factor
184
185	USE grid_variables, &
186	ONLY: ddx, ddx2, ddx2_mg, ddy, ddy2, ddy2_mg, dx, dx2, dy, dy2, fwxm, &
187	fwxp, fwym, fwyp, fxm, fxp, fym, fyp, wall_e_x, wall_e_y, &
188	wall_u, wall_v, wall_w_x, wall_w_y, zu_s_inner, zw_w_inner
189
190	USE indices, &
191	ONLY: flags, nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxlu, nxl_mg, nxr, nxrg, nxr_mg, &
192	ny, nyn, nyng, nyn_mg, nys, nysv, nys_mg, nysg, nz, nzb, &
193	nzb_diff, nzb_diff_s_inner, nzb_diff_s_outer, nzb_diff_u, &
194	nzb_diff_v, nzb_max, nzb_s_inner, nzb_s_outer, nzb_u_inner, &
195	nzb_u_outer, nzb_v_inner, nzb_v_outer, nzb_w_inner, &
196	nzb_w_outer, nzt, nzt_diff, nzt_mg, rflags_invers, &
197	rflags_s_inner, wall_flags_0, wall_flags_00, wall_flags_1, &
198	wall_flags_10, wall_flags_2, wall_flags_3, wall_flags_4, &
199	wall_flags_5, wall_flags_6, wall_flags_7, wall_flags_8, &
200	wall_flags_9
201
202	USE kinds
203
204	USE pegrid
205
206	IMPLICIT NONE
207
208	INTEGER(iwp) :: bh !< temporary vertical index of building height
209	INTEGER(iwp) :: blx !< grid point number of building size along x
210	INTEGER(iwp) :: bly !< grid point number of building size along y
211	INTEGER(iwp) :: bxl !< index for left building wall
212	INTEGER(iwp) :: bxr !< index for right building wall
213	INTEGER(iwp) :: byn !< index for north building wall
214	INTEGER(iwp) :: bys !< index for south building wall
215	INTEGER(iwp) :: ch !< temporary vertical index for canyon height
216	INTEGER(iwp) :: cwx !< grid point number of canyon size along x
217	INTEGER(iwp) :: cwy !< grid point number of canyon size along y
218	INTEGER(iwp) :: cxl !< index for left canyon wall
219	INTEGER(iwp) :: cxr !< index for right canyon wall
220	INTEGER(iwp) :: cyn !< index for north canyon wall
221	INTEGER(iwp) :: cys !< index for south canyon wall
222	INTEGER(iwp) :: gls !< number of lateral ghost points at total model
223	!< domain boundaries required for multigrid solver
224	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< index variable along x
225	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop variable for reading topography file
226	INTEGER(iwp) :: inc !< incremental parameter for coarsening grid level
227	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< index variable along y
228	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index variable along z
229	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop variable
230	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_l !< index of left PE boundary for multigrid level
231	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_l !< index of right PE boundary for multigrid level
232	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_l !< index of north PE boundary for multigrid level
233	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_l !< index of south PE boundary for multigrid level
234	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_si !< dummy index for local nzb_s_inner
235	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_l !< index of top PE boundary for multigrid level
236	INTEGER(iwp) :: vi !< dummy for vertical influence
237
238	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: &
239	vertical_influence !< number of vertical grid points above
240	!< obstacle where adjustment of near-
241	!< wall mixing length is required
242
243	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_nl !< index of
244	!< north-left corner location to limit
245	!< near-wall mixing length
246	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_nr !< north-right
247	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_sl !< south-left
248	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_sr !< south-right
249	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_l !< distance to
250	!< adjacent left-facing
251	!< wall
252	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_n !< north-facing
253	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_r !< right-facing
254	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wall_s !< right-facing
255	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nzb_local !< index for topography
256	!< top at cell-center
257	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nzb_tmp !< dummy to calculate
258	!< topography indices
259	!< on u- and v-grid
260
261	LOGICAL :: flag_set = .FALSE. !< steering variable for advection flags
262
263	REAL(wp) :: dx_l !< grid spacing along x on different multigrid level
264	REAL(wp) :: dy_l !< grid spacing along y on different multigrid level
265	REAL(wp) :: dz_stretched !< stretched vertical grid spacing
266
267	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: topo_height !< input variable for
268	!< topography height
269
270
271	!
272	!-- Calculation of horizontal array bounds including ghost layers
273	nxlg = nxl - nbgp
274	nxrg = nxr + nbgp
275	nysg = nys - nbgp
276	nyng = nyn + nbgp
277
278	!
279	!-- Allocate grid arrays
280	ALLOCATE( ddzu(1:nzt+1), ddzw(1:nzt+1), dd2zu(1:nzt), dzu(1:nzt+1), &
281	dzw(1:nzt+1), l_grid(1:nzt), zu(nzb:nzt+1), zw(nzb:nzt+1) )
282
283	!
284	!-- Compute height of u-levels from constant grid length and dz stretch factors
285	IF ( dz == -1.0_wp ) THEN
286	message_string = 'missing dz'
287	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0200', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
288	ELSEIF ( dz <= 0.0_wp ) THEN
289	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'dz=',dz,' <= 0.0'
290	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0201', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
291	ENDIF
292
293	!
294	!-- Define the vertical grid levels
295	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
296	!
297	!-- Grid for atmosphere with surface at z=0 (k=0, w-grid).
298	!-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the
299	!-- Prandtl-layer.
300
301	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2 ) THEN
302	zu(0) = 0.0_wp
303	! zu(0) = - dz * 0.5_wp
304	ELSE
305	zu(0) = - dz * 0.5_wp
306	ENDIF
307	zu(1) = dz * 0.5_wp
308
309	dz_stretch_level_index = nzt+1
310	dz_stretched = dz
311	DO k = 2, nzt+1
312	IF ( dz_stretch_level <= zu(k-1) .AND. dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN
313	dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor
314	dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max )
315	IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == nzt+1 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k-1
316	ENDIF
317	zu(k) = zu(k-1) + dz_stretched
318	ENDDO
319
320	!
321	!-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the
322	!-- corresponding u-levels. In case of dirichlet bc for u and v at the
323	!-- ground the first u- and w-level (k=0) are defined at same height (z=0).
324	!-- The top w-level is extrapolated linearly.
325	zw(0) = 0.0_wp
326	DO k = 1, nzt
327	zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5_wp
328	ENDDO
329	zw(nzt+1) = zw(nzt) + 2.0_wp * ( zu(nzt+1) - zw(nzt) )
330
331	ELSE
332	!
333	!-- Grid for ocean with free water surface is at k=nzt (w-grid).
334	!-- In case of neumann bc at the ground the first first u-level (k=0) lies
335	!-- below the first w-level (k=0). In case of dirichlet bc the first u- and
336	!-- w-level are defined at same height, but staggered from the second level.
337	!-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the Prandtl-layer.
338	zu(nzt+1) = dz * 0.5_wp
339	zu(nzt) = - dz * 0.5_wp
340
341	dz_stretch_level_index = 0
342	dz_stretched = dz
343	DO k = nzt-1, 0, -1
344	!
345	!-- The default value of dz_stretch_level is positive, thus the first
346	!-- condition is always true. Hence, the second condition is necessary.
347	IF ( dz_stretch_level >= zu(k+1) .AND. dz_stretch_level <= 0.0 &
348	.AND. dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN
349	dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor
350	dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max )
351	IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == 0 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k+1
352	ENDIF
353	zu(k) = zu(k+1) - dz_stretched
354	ENDDO
355
356	!
357	!-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the
358	!-- corresponding u-levels, except in case of dirichlet bc for u and v
359	!-- at the ground. In this case the first u- and w-level are defined at
360	!-- same height. The top w-level (nzt+1) is not used but set for
361	!-- consistency, since w and all scalar variables are defined up tp nzt+1.
362	zw(nzt+1) = dz
363	zw(nzt) = 0.0_wp
364	DO k = 0, nzt
365	zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5_wp
366	ENDDO
367
368	!
369	!-- In case of dirichlet bc for u and v the first u- and w-level are defined
370	!-- at same height.
371	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
372	zu(0) = zw(0)
373	ENDIF
374
375	ENDIF
376
377	!
378	!-- Compute grid lengths.
379	DO k = 1, nzt+1
380	dzu(k) = zu(k) - zu(k-1)
381	ddzu(k) = 1.0_wp / dzu(k)
382	dzw(k) = zw(k) - zw(k-1)
383	ddzw(k) = 1.0_wp / dzw(k)
384	ENDDO
385
386	DO k = 1, nzt
387	dd2zu(k) = 1.0_wp / ( dzu(k) + dzu(k+1) )
388	ENDDO
389
390	!
391	!-- The FFT- SOR-pressure solvers assume grid spacings of a staggered grid
392	!-- everywhere. For the actual grid, the grid spacing at the lowest level
393	!-- is only dz/2, but should be dz. Therefore, an additional array
394	!-- containing with appropriate grid information is created for these
395	!-- solvers.
396	IF ( psolver(1:9) /= 'multigrid' ) THEN
397	ALLOCATE( ddzu_pres(1:nzt+1) )
398	ddzu_pres = ddzu
399	ddzu_pres(1) = ddzu_pres(2) ! change for lowest level
400	ENDIF
401
402	!
403	!-- In case of multigrid method, compute grid lengths and grid factors for the
404	!-- grid levels
405	IF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' ) THEN
406
407	ALLOCATE( ddx2_mg(maximum_grid_level), ddy2_mg(maximum_grid_level), &
408	dzu_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level), &
409	dzw_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level), &
410	f1_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level), &
411	f2_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level), &
412	f3_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level) )
413
414	dzu_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzu
415	!
416	!-- Next line to ensure an equally spaced grid.
417	dzu_mg(1,maximum_grid_level) = dzu(2)
418
419	dzw_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzw
420	nzt_l = nzt
421	DO l = maximum_grid_level-1, 1, -1
422	dzu_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0_wp * dzu_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
423	dzw_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0_wp * dzw_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
424	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
425	DO k = 2, nzt_l+1
426	dzu_mg(k,l) = dzu_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzu_mg(2k-1,l+1)
427	dzw_mg(k,l) = dzw_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzw_mg(2k-1,l+1)
428	ENDDO
429	ENDDO
430
431	nzt_l = nzt
432	dx_l = dx
433	dy_l = dy
434	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1, -1
435	ddx2_mg(l) = 1.0_wp / dx_l**2
436	ddy2_mg(l) = 1.0_wp / dy_l**2
437	DO k = nzb+1, nzt_l
438	f2_mg(k,l) = 1.0_wp / ( dzu_mg(k+1,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
439	f3_mg(k,l) = 1.0_wp / ( dzu_mg(k,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
440	f1_mg(k,l) = 2.0_wp * ( ddx2_mg(l) + ddy2_mg(l) ) + &
441	f2_mg(k,l) + f3_mg(k,l)
442	ENDDO
443	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
444	dx_l = dx_l * 2.0_wp
445	dy_l = dy_l * 2.0_wp
446	ENDDO
447
448	ENDIF
449
450	!
451	!-- Compute the reciprocal values of the horizontal grid lengths.
452	ddx = 1.0_wp / dx
453	ddy = 1.0_wp / dy
454	dx2 = dx * dx
455	dy2 = dy * dy
456	ddx2 = 1.0_wp / dx2
457	ddy2 = 1.0_wp / dy2
458
459	!
460	!-- Compute the grid-dependent mixing length.
461	DO k = 1, nzt
462	l_grid(k) = ( dx * dy * dzw(k) )**0.33333333333333_wp
463	ENDDO
464
465	!
466	!-- Allocate outer and inner index arrays for topography and set
467	!-- defaults.
468	!-- nzb_local has to contain additional layers of ghost points for calculating
469	!-- the flag arrays needed for the multigrid method
470	gls = 2**( maximum_grid_level )
471	IF ( gls < nbgp ) gls = nbgp
472
473	ALLOCATE( corner_nl(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), corner_nr(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
474	corner_sl(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), corner_sr(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
475	nzb_local(-gls:ny+gls,-gls:nx+gls), &
476	nzb_tmp(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp), &
477	wall_l(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), wall_n(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
478	wall_r(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), wall_s(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
479	ALLOCATE( fwxm(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fwxp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
480	fwym(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fwyp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
481	fxm(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fxp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
482	fym(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fyp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
483	nzb_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
484	nzb_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
485	nzb_u_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
486	nzb_u_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
487	nzb_v_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
488	nzb_v_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
489	nzb_w_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
490	nzb_w_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
491	nzb_diff_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
492	nzb_diff_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
493	nzb_diff_u(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
494	nzb_diff_v(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
495	rflags_s_inner(nzb:nzt+2,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
496	rflags_invers(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nzb:nzt+2), &
497	wall_e_x(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
498	wall_e_y(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
499	wall_u(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
500	wall_v(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
501	wall_w_x(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
502	wall_w_y(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
503
504
505
506	ALLOCATE( l_wall(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
507
508
509	nzb_s_inner = nzb; nzb_s_outer = nzb
510	nzb_u_inner = nzb; nzb_u_outer = nzb
511	nzb_v_inner = nzb; nzb_v_outer = nzb
512	nzb_w_inner = nzb; nzb_w_outer = nzb
513
514	rflags_s_inner = 1.0_wp
515	rflags_invers = 1.0_wp
516
517	!
518	!-- Define vertical gridpoint from (or to) which on the usual finite difference
519	!-- form (which does not use surface fluxes) is applied
520	IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
521	nzb_diff = nzb + 2
522	ELSE
523	nzb_diff = nzb + 1
524	ENDIF
525	IF ( use_top_fluxes ) THEN
526	nzt_diff = nzt - 1
527	ELSE
528	nzt_diff = nzt
529	ENDIF
530
531	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_diff; nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_diff
532	nzb_diff_u = nzb_diff; nzb_diff_v = nzb_diff
533
534	wall_e_x = 0.0_wp; wall_e_y = 0.0_wp; wall_u = 0.0_wp; wall_v = 0.0_wp
535	wall_w_x = 0.0_wp; wall_w_y = 0.0_wp
536	fwxp = 1.0_wp; fwxm = 1.0_wp; fwyp = 1.0_wp; fwym = 1.0_wp
537	fxp = 1.0_wp; fxm = 1.0_wp; fyp = 1.0_wp; fym = 1.0_wp
538
539	!
540	!-- Initialize near-wall mixing length l_wall only in the vertical direction
541	!-- for the moment,
542	!-- multiplication with wall_adjustment_factor near the end of this routine
543	l_wall(nzb,:,:) = l_grid(1)
544	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
545	l_wall(k,:,:) = l_grid(k)
546	ENDDO
547	l_wall(nzt+1,:,:) = l_grid(nzt)
548
549	ALLOCATE ( vertical_influence(nzb:nzt) )
550	DO k = 1, nzt
551	vertical_influence(k) = MIN ( INT( l_grid(k) / &
552	( wall_adjustment_factor * dzw(k) ) + 0.5_wp ), nzt - k )
553	ENDDO
554
555	DO k = 1, MAXVAL( nzb_s_inner )
556	IF ( l_grid(k) > 1.5_wp * dx * wall_adjustment_factor .OR. &
557	l_grid(k) > 1.5_wp * dy * wall_adjustment_factor ) THEN
558	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'grid anisotropy exceeds ', &
559	'threshold given by only local', &
560	' &horizontal reduction of near_wall ', &
561	'mixing length l_wall', &
562	' &starting from height level k = ', k, '.'
563	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0202', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
564	EXIT
565	ENDIF
566	ENDDO
567	vertical_influence(0) = vertical_influence(1)
568
569	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
570	DO j = nysg, nyng
571	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 1, &
572	nzb_s_inner(j,i) + vertical_influence(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
573	l_wall(k,j,i) = zu(k) - zw(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
574	ENDDO
575	ENDDO
576	ENDDO
577
578	!
579	!-- Set outer and inner index arrays for non-flat topography.
580	!-- Here consistency checks concerning domain size and periodicity are
581	!-- necessary.
582	!-- Within this SELECT CASE structure only nzb_local is initialized
583	!-- individually depending on the chosen topography type, all other index
584	!-- arrays are initialized further below.
585	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( topography ) )
586
587	CASE ( 'flat' )
588	!
589	!-- nzb_local is required for the multigrid solver
590	nzb_local = 0
591
592	CASE ( 'single_building' )
593	!
594	!-- Single rectangular building, by default centered in the middle of the
595	!-- total domain
596	blx = NINT( building_length_x / dx )
597	bly = NINT( building_length_y / dy )
598	bh = MINLOC( ABS( zw - building_height ), 1 ) - 1
599	IF ( ABS( zw(bh ) - building_height ) == &
600	ABS( zw(bh+1) - building_height ) ) bh = bh + 1
601
602	IF ( building_wall_left == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
603	building_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - blx ) / 2 * dx
604	ENDIF
605	bxl = NINT( building_wall_left / dx )
606	bxr = bxl + blx
607
608	IF ( building_wall_south == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
609	building_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - bly ) / 2 * dy
610	ENDIF
611	bys = NINT( building_wall_south / dy )
612	byn = bys + bly
613
614	!
615	!-- Building size has to meet some requirements
616	IF ( ( bxl < 1 ) .OR. ( bxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( bxr < bxl+3 ) .OR. &
617	( bys < 1 ) .OR. ( byn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( byn < bys+3 ) ) THEN
618	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent building parameters:', &
619	'& bxl=', bxl, 'bxr=', bxr, 'bys=', bys, &
620	'byn=', byn, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
621	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0203', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
622	ENDIF
623
624	!
625	!-- Define the building.
626	nzb_local = 0
627	nzb_local(bys:byn,bxl:bxr) = bh
628
629	CASE ( 'single_street_canyon' )
630	!
631	!-- Single quasi-2D street canyon of infinite length in x or y direction.
632	!-- The canyon is centered in the other direction by default.
633	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
634	!
635	!-- Street canyon in y direction
636	cwx = NINT( canyon_width_x / dx )
637	IF ( canyon_wall_left == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
638	canyon_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - cwx ) / 2 * dx
639	ENDIF
640	cxl = NINT( canyon_wall_left / dx )
641	cxr = cxl + cwx
642
643	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
644	!
645	!-- Street canyon in x direction
646	cwy = NINT( canyon_width_y / dy )
647	IF ( canyon_wall_south == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
648	canyon_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - cwy ) / 2 * dy
649	ENDIF
650	cys = NINT( canyon_wall_south / dy )
651	cyn = cys + cwy
652
653	ELSE
654
655	message_string = 'no street canyon width given'
656	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0204', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
657
658	ENDIF
659
660	ch = MINLOC( ABS( zw - canyon_height ), 1 ) - 1
661	IF ( ABS( zw(ch ) - canyon_height ) == &
662	ABS( zw(ch+1) - canyon_height ) ) ch = ch + 1
663
664	dp_level_ind_b = ch
665	!
666	!-- Street canyon size has to meet some requirements
667	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
668	IF ( ( cxl < 1 ) .OR. ( cxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( cwx < 3 ) .OR. &
669	( ch < 3 ) ) THEN
670	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', &
671	'&cxl=', cxl, 'cxr=', cxr, &
672	'cwx=', cwx, &
673	'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
674	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0205', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
675	ENDIF
676	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
677	IF ( ( cys < 1 ) .OR. ( cyn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( cwy < 3 ) .OR. &
678	( ch < 3 ) ) THEN
679	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', &
680	'&cys=', cys, 'cyn=', cyn, &
681	'cwy=', cwy, &
682	'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
683	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0206', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
684	ENDIF
685	ENDIF
686	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. &
687	canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
688	message_string = 'inconsistent canyon parameters:' // &
689	'&street canyon can only be oriented' // &
690	'&either in x- or in y-direction'
691	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0207', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
692	ENDIF
693
694	nzb_local = ch
695	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
696	nzb_local(:,cxl+1:cxr-1) = 0
697	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
698	nzb_local(cys+1:cyn-1,:) = 0
699	ENDIF
700
701	CASE ( 'read_from_file' )
702
703	ALLOCATE ( topo_height(0:ny,0:nx) )
704
705	DO ii = 0, io_blocks-1
706	IF ( ii == io_group ) THEN
707
708	!
709	!-- Arbitrary irregular topography data in PALM format (exactly
710	!-- matching the grid size and total domain size)
711	OPEN( 90, FILE='TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'//TRIM( coupling_char ), &
712	STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', ERR=10 )
713	DO j = ny, 0, -1
714	READ( 90, *, ERR=11, END=11 ) ( topo_height(j,i), i = 0,nx )
715	ENDDO
716
717	GOTO 12
718
719	10 message_string = 'file TOPOGRAPHY'//TRIM( coupling_char )// &
720	' does not exist'
721	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0208', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
722
723	11 message_string = 'errors in file TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'// &
724	TRIM( coupling_char )
725	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0209', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
726
727	12 CLOSE( 90 )
728
729	ENDIF
730	#if defined( __parallel )
731	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
732	#endif
733	ENDDO
734
735	!
736	!-- Calculate the index height of the topography
737	DO i = 0, nx
738	DO j = 0, ny
739	nzb_local(j,i) = MINLOC( ABS( zw - topo_height(j,i) ), 1 ) - 1
740	IF ( ABS( zw(nzb_local(j,i) ) - topo_height(j,i) ) == &
741	ABS( zw(nzb_local(j,i)+1) - topo_height(j,i) ) ) &
742	nzb_local(j,i) = nzb_local(j,i) + 1
743	ENDDO
744	ENDDO
745
746	DEALLOCATE ( topo_height )
747	!
748	!-- Add cyclic boundaries (additional layers are for calculating
749	!-- flag arrays needed for the multigrid sover)
750	nzb_local(-gls:-1,0:nx) = nzb_local(ny-gls+1:ny,0:nx)
751	nzb_local(ny+1:ny+gls,0:nx) = nzb_local(0:gls-1,0:nx)
752	nzb_local(:,-gls:-1) = nzb_local(:,nx-gls+1:nx)
753	nzb_local(:,nx+1:nx+gls) = nzb_local(:,0:gls-1)
754
755	CASE DEFAULT
756	!
757	!-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter topography
758	!-- contains a wrong character string or if the user has defined a special
759	!-- case in the user interface. There, the subroutine user_init_grid
760	!-- checks which of these two conditions applies.
761	CALL user_init_grid( gls, nzb_local )
762
763	END SELECT
764	!
765	!-- Determine the maximum level of topography. Furthermore it is used for
766	!-- steering the degradation of order of the applied advection scheme.
767	!-- In case of non-cyclic lateral boundaries, the order of the advection
768	!-- scheme have to be reduced up to nzt (required at the lateral boundaries).
769	nzb_max = MAXVAL( nzb_local ) + 1
770	IF ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. &
771	inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. &
772	nest_domain ) &
773	THEN
774	nzb_max = nzt
775	ENDIF
776
777	!
778	!-- Consistency checks and index array initialization are only required for
779	!-- non-flat topography, also the initialization of topography height arrays
780	!-- zu_s_inner and zw_w_inner
781	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
782
783	!
784	!-- Consistency checks
785	IF ( MINVAL( nzb_local ) < 0 .OR. MAXVAL( nzb_local ) > nz + 1 ) THEN
786	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'nzb_local values are outside the', &
787	'model domain', &
788	'&MINVAL( nzb_local ) = ', MINVAL(nzb_local), &
789	'&MAXVAL( nzb_local ) = ', MAXVAL(nzb_local)
790	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0210', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
791	ENDIF
792
793	IF ( bc_lr == 'cyclic' ) THEN
794	IF ( ANY( nzb_local(:,-1) /= nzb_local(:,nx) ) .OR. &
795	ANY( nzb_local(:,0) /= nzb_local(:,nx+1) ) ) THEN
796	message_string = 'nzb_local does not fulfill cyclic' // &
797	' boundary condition in x-direction'
798	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0211', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
799	ENDIF
800	ENDIF
801	IF ( bc_ns == 'cyclic' ) THEN
802	IF ( ANY( nzb_local(-1,:) /= nzb_local(ny,:) ) .OR. &
803	ANY( nzb_local(0,:) /= nzb_local(ny+1,:) ) ) THEN
804	message_string = 'nzb_local does not fulfill cyclic' // &
805	' boundary condition in y-direction'
806	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0212', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
807	ENDIF
808	ENDIF
809
810	IF ( topography_grid_convention == 'cell_edge' ) THEN
811	!
812	!-- The array nzb_local as defined using the 'cell_edge' convention
813	!-- describes the actual total size of topography which is defined at the
814	!-- cell edges where u=0 on the topography walls in x-direction and v=0
815	!-- on the topography walls in y-direction. However, PALM uses individual
816	!-- arrays nzb_u\|v\|w\|s_inner\|outer that are based on nzb_s_inner.
817	!-- Therefore, the extent of topography in nzb_local is now reduced by
818	!-- 1dx at the E topography walls and by 1dy at the N topography walls
819	!-- to form the basis for nzb_s_inner.
820	DO j = -gls, ny + gls
821	DO i = -gls, nx
822	nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j,i+1) )
823	ENDDO
824	ENDDO
825	!-- apply cyclic boundary conditions in x-direction
826	!(ist das erforderlich? Ursache von Seung Bus Fehler?)
827	nzb_local(:,nx+1:nx+gls) = nzb_local(:,0:gls-1)
828	DO i = -gls, nx + gls
829	DO j = -gls, ny
830	nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j+1,i) )
831	ENDDO
832	ENDDO
833	!-- apply cyclic boundary conditions in y-direction
834	!(ist das erforderlich? Ursache von Seung Bus Fehler?)
835	nzb_local(ny+1:ny+gls,:) = nzb_local(0:gls-1,:)
836	ENDIF
837
838	!
839	!-- Initialize index arrays nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner
840	nzb_s_inner = nzb_local(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
841	nzb_w_inner = nzb_local(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
842
843	!
844	!-- Initialize remaining index arrays:
845	!-- first pre-initialize them with nzb_s_inner...
846	nzb_u_inner = nzb_s_inner
847	nzb_u_outer = nzb_s_inner
848	nzb_v_inner = nzb_s_inner
849	nzb_v_outer = nzb_s_inner
850	nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_inner
851	nzb_s_outer = nzb_s_inner
852
853	!
854	!-- ...then extend pre-initialized arrays in their according directions
855	!-- based on nzb_local using nzb_tmp as a temporary global index array
856
857	!
858	!-- nzb_s_outer:
859	!-- extend nzb_local east-/westwards first, then north-/southwards
860	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
861	DO j = -1, ny + 1
862	DO i = 0, nx
863	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i), &
864	nzb_local(j,i+1) )
865	ENDDO
866	ENDDO
867	DO i = nxl, nxr
868	DO j = nys, nyn
869	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
870	nzb_tmp(j+1,i) )
871	ENDDO
872	!
873	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
874	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
875	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
876	j = -1
877	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
878	ENDIF
879	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
880	j = ny + 1
881	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
882	ENDIF
883	ENDDO
884	!
885	!-- nzb_w_outer:
886	!-- identical to nzb_s_outer
887	nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_outer
888
889	!
890	!-- nzb_u_inner:
891	!-- extend nzb_local rightwards only
892	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
893	DO j = -1, ny + 1
894	DO i = 0, nx + 1
895	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i) )
896	ENDDO
897	ENDDO
898	nzb_u_inner = nzb_tmp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
899
900	!
901	!-- nzb_u_outer:
902	!-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_u_inner) north-/southwards
903	DO i = nxl, nxr
904	DO j = nys, nyn
905	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
906	nzb_tmp(j+1,i) )
907	ENDDO
908	!
909	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
910	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
911	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
912	j = -1
913	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
914	ENDIF
915	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
916	j = ny + 1
917	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
918	ENDIF
919	ENDDO
920
921	!
922	!-- nzb_v_inner:
923	!-- extend nzb_local northwards only
924	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
925	DO i = -1, nx + 1
926	DO j = 0, ny + 1
927	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j-1,i), nzb_local(j,i) )
928	ENDDO
929	ENDDO
930	nzb_v_inner = nzb_tmp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
931
932	!
933	!-- nzb_v_outer:
934	!-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_v_inner) right-/leftwards
935	DO j = nys, nyn
936	DO i = nxl, nxr
937	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
938	nzb_tmp(j,i+1) )
939	ENDDO
940	!
941	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
942	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
943	IF ( nxl == 0 ) THEN
944	i = -1
945	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i+1), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
946	ENDIF
947	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
948	i = nx + 1
949	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
950	ENDIF
951	ENDDO
952
953	!
954	!-- Exchange of lateral boundary values (parallel computers) and cyclic
955	!-- boundary conditions, if applicable.
956	!-- Since nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner are derived directly from nzb_local
957	!-- they do not require exchange and are not included here.
958	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_inner )
959	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_outer )
960	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_inner )
961	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_outer )
962	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_w_outer )
963	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_s_outer )
964
965	!
966	!-- Allocate and set the arrays containing the topography height
967	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
968
969	ALLOCATE( zu_s_inner(0:nx+1,0:ny+1), zw_w_inner(0:nx+1,0:ny+1) )
970
971	DO i = 0, nx + 1
972	DO j = 0, ny + 1
973	zu_s_inner(i,j) = zu(nzb_local(j,i))
974	zw_w_inner(i,j) = zw(nzb_local(j,i))
975	ENDDO
976	ENDDO
977
978	ENDIF
979	!
980	!-- Set flag arrays to be used for masking of grid points
981	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
982	DO j = nysg, nyng
983	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
984	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i) ) rflags_s_inner(k,j,i) = 0.0_wp
985	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i) ) rflags_invers(j,i,k) = 0.0_wp
986	ENDDO
987	ENDDO
988	ENDDO
989
990	ENDIF
991
992	!
993	!-- Set the individual index arrays which define the k index from which on
994	!-- the usual finite difference form (which does not use surface fluxes) is
995	!-- applied
996	IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
997	nzb_diff_u = nzb_u_inner + 2
998	nzb_diff_v = nzb_v_inner + 2
999	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 2
1000	nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 2
1001	ELSE
1002	nzb_diff_u = nzb_u_inner + 1
1003	nzb_diff_v = nzb_v_inner + 1
1004	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 1
1005	nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 1
1006	ENDIF
1007
1008	!
1009	!-- Calculation of wall switches and factors required by diffusion_u/v.f90 and
1010	!-- for limitation of near-wall mixing length l_wall further below
1011	corner_nl = 0
1012	corner_nr = 0
1013	corner_sl = 0
1014	corner_sr = 0
1015	wall_l = 0
1016	wall_n = 0
1017	wall_r = 0
1018	wall_s = 0
1019
1020	DO i = nxl, nxr
1021	DO j = nys, nyn
1022	!
1023	!-- u-component
1024	IF ( nzb_u_outer(j,i) > nzb_u_outer(j+1,i) ) THEN
1025	wall_u(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! north wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1026	fym(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1027	fyp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1028	ELSEIF ( nzb_u_outer(j,i) > nzb_u_outer(j-1,i) ) THEN
1029	wall_u(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! south wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1030	fym(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1031	fyp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1032	ENDIF
1033	!
1034	!-- v-component
1035	IF ( nzb_v_outer(j,i) > nzb_v_outer(j,i+1) ) THEN
1036	wall_v(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! rigth wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1037	fxm(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1038	fxp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1039	ELSEIF ( nzb_v_outer(j,i) > nzb_v_outer(j,i-1) ) THEN
1040	wall_v(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! left wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1041	fxm(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1042	fxp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1043	ENDIF
1044	!
1045	!-- w-component, also used for scalars, separate arrays for shear
1046	!-- production of tke
1047	IF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j+1,i) ) THEN
1048	wall_e_y(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! north wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1049	wall_w_y(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1050	fwym(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1051	fwyp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1052	ELSEIF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j-1,i) ) THEN
1053	wall_e_y(j,i) = -1.0_wp ! south wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1054	wall_w_y(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1055	fwym(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1056	fwyp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1057	ENDIF
1058	IF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j,i+1) ) THEN
1059	wall_e_x(j,i) = 1.0_wp ! right wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1060	wall_w_x(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1061	fwxm(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1062	fwxp(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1063	ELSEIF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j,i-1) ) THEN
1064	wall_e_x(j,i) = -1.0_wp ! left wall (location of adjacent fluid)
1065	wall_w_x(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1066	fwxm(j,i) = 1.0_wp
1067	fwxp(j,i) = 0.0_wp
1068	ENDIF
1069	!
1070	!-- Wall and corner locations inside buildings for limitation of
1071	!-- near-wall mixing length l_wall
1072	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) ) THEN
1073
1074	wall_n(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) + 1 ! North wall
1075
1076	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
1077	corner_nl(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j+1,i), & ! Northleft corner
1078	nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) + 1
1079	ENDIF
1080
1081	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
1082	corner_nr(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j+1,i), & ! Northright corner
1083	nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) + 1
1084	ENDIF
1085
1086	ENDIF
1087
1088	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) ) THEN
1089
1090	wall_s(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) + 1 ! South wall
1091	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
1092	corner_sl(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j-1,i), & ! Southleft corner
1093	nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) + 1
1094	ENDIF
1095
1096	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
1097	corner_sr(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j-1,i), & ! Southright corner
1098	nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) + 1
1099	ENDIF
1100
1101	ENDIF
1102
1103	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
1104	wall_l(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) + 1 ! Left wall
1105	ENDIF
1106
1107	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
1108	wall_r(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) + 1 ! Right wall
1109	ENDIF
1110
1111	ENDDO
1112	ENDDO
1113
1114	!
1115	!-- Calculate wall flag arrays for the multigrid method
1116	IF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' ) THEN
1117	!
1118	!-- Gridpoint increment of the current level
1119	inc = 1
1120
1121	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1 , -1
1122
1123	nxl_l = nxl_mg(l)
1124	nxr_l = nxr_mg(l)
1125	nys_l = nys_mg(l)
1126	nyn_l = nyn_mg(l)
1127	nzt_l = nzt_mg(l)
1128
1129	!
1130	!-- Assign the flag level to be calculated
1131	SELECT CASE ( l )
1132	CASE ( 1 )
1133	flags => wall_flags_1
1134	CASE ( 2 )
1135	flags => wall_flags_2
1136	CASE ( 3 )
1137	flags => wall_flags_3
1138	CASE ( 4 )
1139	flags => wall_flags_4
1140	CASE ( 5 )
1141	flags => wall_flags_5
1142	CASE ( 6 )
1143	flags => wall_flags_6
1144	CASE ( 7 )
1145	flags => wall_flags_7
1146	CASE ( 8 )
1147	flags => wall_flags_8
1148	CASE ( 9 )
1149	flags => wall_flags_9
1150	CASE ( 10 )
1151	flags => wall_flags_10
1152	END SELECT
1153
1154	!
1155	!-- Depending on the grid level, set the respective bits in case of
1156	!-- neighbouring walls
1157	!-- Bit 0: wall to the bottom
1158	!-- Bit 1: wall to the top (not realized in remaining PALM code so far)
1159	!-- Bit 2: wall to the south
1160	!-- Bit 3: wall to the north
1161	!-- Bit 4: wall to the left
1162	!-- Bit 5: wall to the right
1163	!-- Bit 6: inside building
1164
1165	flags = 0
1166
1167	!
1168	!-- In case of masking method, flags are not set and multigrid method
1169	!-- works like FFT-solver
1170	IF ( psolver == 'multigrid' .AND. .NOT. masking_method ) THEN
1171
1172	DO i = nxl_l-1, nxr_l+1
1173	DO j = nys_l-1, nyn_l+1
1174	DO k = nzb, nzt_l+1
1175
1176	!
1177	!-- Inside/outside building (inside building does not need
1178	!-- further tests for walls)
1179	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,i*inc) ) THEN
1180
1181	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 6 )
1182
1183	ELSE
1184	!
1185	!-- Bottom wall
1186	IF ( (k-1)inc <= nzb_local(jinc,i*inc) ) THEN
1187	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 0 )
1188	ENDIF
1189	!
1190	!-- South wall
1191	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local((j-1)inc,i*inc) ) THEN
1192	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 2 )
1193	ENDIF
1194	!
1195	!-- North wall
1196	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local((j+1)inc,i*inc) ) THEN
1197	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 3 )
1198	ENDIF
1199	!
1200	!-- Left wall
1201	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,(i-1)*inc) ) THEN
1202	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 4 )
1203	ENDIF
1204	!
1205	!-- Right wall
1206	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,(i+1)*inc) ) THEN
1207	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 5 )
1208	ENDIF
1209
1210	ENDIF
1211
1212	ENDDO
1213	ENDDO
1214	ENDDO
1215
1216	ENDIF
1217
1218	!
1219	!-- Test output of flag arrays
1220	! i = nxl_l
1221	! WRITE (9,*) ' '
1222	! WRITE (9,) ' mg level ', l, ' *', mg_switch_to_pe0_level
1223	! WRITE (9,*) ' inc=', inc, ' i =', nxl_l
1224	! WRITE (9,*) ' nxl_l',nxl_l,' nxr_l=',nxr_l,' nys_l=',nys_l,' nyn_l=',nyn_l
1225	! DO k = nzt_l+1, nzb, -1
1226	! WRITE (9,'(194(1X,I2))') ( flags(k,j,i), j = nys_l-1, nyn_l+1 )
1227	! ENDDO
1228
1229	inc = inc * 2
1230
1231	ENDDO
1232
1233	ENDIF
1234	!
1235	!-- Allocate flags needed for masking walls.
1236	ALLOCATE( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
1237	wall_flags_00(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
1238	wall_flags_0 = 0
1239	wall_flags_00 = 0
1240
1241	IF ( scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' .OR. &
1242	scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme-mono' ) THEN
1243	!
1244	!-- Set flags to steer the degradation of the advection scheme in advec_ws
1245	!-- near topography, inflow- and outflow boundaries as well as bottom and
1246	!-- top of model domain. wall_flags_0 remains zero for all non-prognostic
1247	!-- grid points.
1248	DO i = nxl, nxr
1249	DO j = nys, nyn
1250	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzt
1251	!
1252	!-- scalar - x-direction
1253	!-- WS1 (0), WS3 (1), WS5 (2)
1254	IF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) .OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+2) &
1255	.OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1256	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1257	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. &
1258	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1259	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1260	THEN
1261	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 )
1262	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+3) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1)&
1263	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+2)&
1264	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1)&
1265	) .OR. &
1266	( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i-2) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1)&
1267	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+2)&
1268	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1)&
1269	) &
1270	.OR. &
1271	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1272	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1273	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1274	.AND. i == nxlu ) ) &
1275	THEN
1276	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 )
1277	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+2) &
1278	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i+3) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) &
1279	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j,i-2) ) &
1280	THEN
1281	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 )
1282	ENDIF
1283	!
1284	!-- scalar - y-direction
1285	!-- WS1 (3), WS3 (4), WS5 (5)
1286	IF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) .OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j+2,i) &
1287	.OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1288	.OR. &
1289	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1290	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. &
1291	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1292	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1293	THEN
1294	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 )
1295	!
1296	!-- WS3
1297	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j+3,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i)&
1298	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+2,i)&
1299	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i)&
1300	) .OR. &
1301	( k <= nzb_s_inner(j-2,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i)&
1302	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+2,i)&
1303	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i)&
1304	) &
1305	.OR. &
1306	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1307	.AND. j == nysv ) .OR. &
1308	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1309	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1310	THEN
1311	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 4 )
1312	!
1313	!-- WS5
1314	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+2,i) &
1315	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j+3,i) .AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) &
1316	.AND. k > nzb_s_inner(j-2,i) ) &
1317	THEN
1318	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 5 )
1319	ENDIF
1320	!
1321	!-- scalar - z-direction
1322	!-- WS1 (6), WS3 (7), WS5 (8)
1323	flag_set = .FALSE.
1324	IF ( k == nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1325	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 6 )
1326	flag_set = .TRUE.
1327	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1328	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 7 )
1329	flag_set = .TRUE.
1330	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_s_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1331	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 8 )
1332	ENDIF
1333
1334	ENDDO
1335	ENDDO
1336	ENDDO
1337	ENDIF
1338
1339	IF ( momentum_advec == 'ws-scheme' ) THEN
1340	!
1341	!-- Set wall_flags_0 to steer the degradation of the advection scheme in advec_ws
1342	!-- near topography, inflow- and outflow boundaries as well as bottom and
1343	!-- top of model domain. wall_flags_0 remains zero for all non-prognostic
1344	!-- grid points.
1345	DO i = nxl, nxr
1346	DO j = nys, nyn
1347	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1348	!
1349	!-- At first, set flags to WS1.
1350	!-- Since fluxes are swapped in advec_ws.f90, this is necessary to
1351	!-- in order to handle the left/south flux.
1352	!-- near vertical walls.
1353	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1354	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1355	!
1356	!-- u component - x-direction
1357	!-- WS1 (9), WS3 (10), WS5 (11)
1358	IF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i+1) .OR. &
1359	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1360	.AND. i <= nxlu ) .OR. &
1361	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1362	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1363	THEN
1364	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1365	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i+2) .AND. &
1366	k > nzb_u_inner(j,i+1) ) .OR. &
1367	k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i-1) &
1368	.OR. &
1369	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1370	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1371	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1372	.AND. i == nxlu+1) ) &
1373	THEN
1374	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 10 )
1375	!
1376	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1377	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1378	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_u_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j,i+2) &
1379	.AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1380	THEN
1381	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 11 )
1382	!
1383	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1384	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1385	ENDIF
1386	!
1387	!-- u component - y-direction
1388	!-- WS1 (12), WS3 (13), WS5 (14)
1389	IF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j+1,i) .OR. &
1390	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1391	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. &
1392	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1393	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1394	THEN
1395	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1396	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j+2,i) .AND. &
1397	k > nzb_u_inner(j+1,i) ) .OR. &
1398	k <= nzb_u_inner(j-1,i) &
1399	.OR. &
1400	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1401	.AND. j == nysv ) .OR. &
1402	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1403	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1404	THEN
1405	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 13 )
1406	!
1407	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1408	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1409	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_u_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j+2,i) &
1410	.AND. k > nzb_u_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1411	THEN
1412	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 14 )
1413	!
1414	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1415	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1416	ENDIF
1417	!
1418	!-- u component - z-direction
1419	!-- WS1 (15), WS3 (16), WS5 (17)
1420	flag_set = .FALSE.
1421	IF ( k == nzb_u_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1422	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 15 )
1423	flag_set = .TRUE.
1424	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_u_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1425	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 16 )
1426	flag_set = .TRUE.
1427	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_u_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1428	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 17 )
1429	ENDIF
1430
1431	ENDDO
1432	ENDDO
1433	ENDDO
1434
1435	DO i = nxl, nxr
1436	DO j = nys, nyn
1437	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1438	!
1439	!-- At first, set flags to WS1.
1440	!-- Since fluxes are swapped in advec_ws.f90, this is necessary to
1441	!-- in order to handle the left/south flux.
1442	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1443	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1444	!
1445	!-- v component - x-direction
1446	!-- WS1 (18), WS3 (19), WS5 (20)
1447	IF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i+1) .OR. &
1448	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1449	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. &
1450	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1451	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1452	THEN
1453	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1454	!
1455	!-- WS3
1456	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i+2) .AND. &
1457	k > nzb_v_inner(j,i+1) ) .OR. &
1458	k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i-1) &
1459	.OR. &
1460	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1461	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1462	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1463	.AND. i == nxlu ) ) &
1464	THEN
1465	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 19 )
1466	!
1467	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1468	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1469	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_v_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j,i+2) &
1470	.AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1471	THEN
1472	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 20 )
1473	!
1474	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1475	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1476	ENDIF
1477	!
1478	!-- v component - y-direction
1479	!-- WS1 (21), WS3 (22), WS5 (23)
1480	IF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j+1,i) .OR. &
1481	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1482	.AND. j <= nysv ) .OR. &
1483	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1484	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1485	THEN
1486	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1487	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j+2,i) .AND. &
1488	k > nzb_v_inner(j+1,i) ) .OR. &
1489	k <= nzb_v_inner(j-1,i) &
1490	.OR. &
1491	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1492	.AND. j == nysv+1) .OR. &
1493	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1494	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1495	THEN
1496	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 22 )
1497	!
1498	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1499	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1500	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_v_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j+2,i) &
1501	.AND. k > nzb_v_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1502	THEN
1503	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 23 )
1504	!
1505	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1506	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1507	ENDIF
1508	!
1509	!-- v component - z-direction
1510	!-- WS1 (24), WS3 (25), WS5 (26)
1511	flag_set = .FALSE.
1512	IF ( k == nzb_v_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1513	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 24 )
1514	flag_set = .TRUE.
1515	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_v_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1516	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 25 )
1517	flag_set = .TRUE.
1518	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_v_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1519	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 26 )
1520	ENDIF
1521
1522	ENDDO
1523	ENDDO
1524	ENDDO
1525	DO i = nxl, nxr
1526	DO j = nys, nyn
1527	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1528	!
1529	!-- At first, set flags to WS1.
1530	!-- Since fluxes are swapped in advec_ws.f90, this is necessary to
1531	!-- in order to handle the left/south flux.
1532	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1533	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1534	!
1535	!-- w component - x-direction
1536	!-- WS1 (27), WS3 (28), WS5 (29)
1537	IF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i+1) .OR. &
1538	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1539	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. &
1540	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1541	.AND. i == nxr ) ) &
1542	THEN
1543	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1544	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i+2) .AND. &
1545	k > nzb_w_inner(j,i+1) ) .OR. &
1546	k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i-1) &
1547	.OR. &
1548	( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) &
1549	.AND. i == nxr-1 ) .OR. &
1550	( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) &
1551	.AND. i == nxlu ) ) &
1552	THEN
1553	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 28 )
1554	!
1555	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1556	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1557	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_w_inner(j,i+1) .AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j,i+2) &
1558	.AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j,i-1) ) &
1559	THEN
1560	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i),29 )
1561	!
1562	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1563	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1564	ENDIF
1565	!
1566	!-- w component - y-direction
1567	!-- WS1 (30), WS3 (31), WS5 (32)
1568	IF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j+1,i) .OR. &
1569	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1570	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. &
1571	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1572	.AND. j == nyn ) ) &
1573	THEN
1574	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1575	ELSEIF ( ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j+2,i) .AND. &
1576	k > nzb_w_inner(j+1,i) ) .OR. &
1577	k <= nzb_w_inner(j-1,i) &
1578	.OR. &
1579	( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) &
1580	.AND. j == nysv ) .OR. &
1581	( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) &
1582	.AND. j == nyn-1 ) ) &
1583	THEN
1584	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 31 )
1585	!
1586	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1587	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1588	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_w_inner(j+1,i) .AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j+2,i) &
1589	.AND. k > nzb_w_inner(j-1,i) ) &
1590	THEN
1591	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 0 )
1592	!
1593	!-- Clear flag for WS1
1594	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1595	ENDIF
1596	!
1597	!-- w component - z-direction
1598	!-- WS1 (33), WS3 (34), WS5 (35)
1599	flag_set = .FALSE.
1600	IF ( k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) .OR. k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) + 1 &
1601	.OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1602	!
1603	!-- Please note, at k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) a flag is explictely
1604	!-- set, although this is not a prognostic level. However,
1605	!-- contrary to the advection of u,v and s this is necessary
1606	!-- because flux_t(nzb_w_inner(j,i)) is used for the tendency
1607	!-- at k == nzb_w_inner(j,i)+1.
1608	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 1 )
1609	flag_set = .TRUE.
1610	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1611	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 2 )
1612	flag_set = .TRUE.
1613	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_w_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1614	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 3 )
1615	ENDIF
1616
1617	ENDDO
1618	ENDDO
1619	ENDDO
1620
1621	ENDIF
1622
1623	!
1624	!-- Exchange 3D integer wall_flags.
1625	IF ( momentum_advec == 'ws-scheme' .OR. scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' &
1626	.OR. scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme-mono' ) THEN
1627	!
1628	!-- Exchange ghost points for advection flags
1629	CALL exchange_horiz_int( wall_flags_0, nbgp )
1630	CALL exchange_horiz_int( wall_flags_00, nbgp )
1631	!
1632	!-- Set boundary flags at inflow and outflow boundary in case of
1633	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions.
1634	IF ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) THEN
1635	wall_flags_0(:,:,nxl-1) = wall_flags_0(:,:,nxl)
1636	wall_flags_00(:,:,nxl-1) = wall_flags_00(:,:,nxl)
1637	ENDIF
1638
1639	IF ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) THEN
1640	wall_flags_0(:,:,nxr+1) = wall_flags_0(:,:,nxr)
1641	wall_flags_00(:,:,nxr+1) = wall_flags_00(:,:,nxr)
1642	ENDIF
1643
1644	IF ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) THEN
1645	wall_flags_0(:,nyn+1,:) = wall_flags_0(:,nyn,:)
1646	wall_flags_00(:,nyn+1,:) = wall_flags_00(:,nyn,:)
1647	ENDIF
1648
1649	IF ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) THEN
1650	wall_flags_0(:,nys-1,:) = wall_flags_0(:,nys,:)
1651	wall_flags_00(:,nys-1,:) = wall_flags_00(:,nys,:)
1652	ENDIF
1653
1654	ENDIF
1655
1656	!
1657	!-- In case of topography: limit near-wall mixing length l_wall further:
1658	!-- Go through all points of the subdomain one by one and look for the closest
1659	!-- surface
1660	IF ( TRIM(topography) /= 'flat' ) THEN
1661	DO i = nxl, nxr
1662	DO j = nys, nyn
1663
1664	nzb_si = nzb_s_inner(j,i)
1665	vi = vertical_influence(nzb_si)
1666
1667	IF ( wall_n(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1668	!
1669	!-- North wall (y distance)
1670	DO k = wall_n(j,i), nzb_si
1671	l_wall(k,j+1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i), 0.5_wp * dy )
1672	ENDDO
1673	!
1674	!-- Above North wall (yz distance)
1675	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1676	l_wall(k,j+1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i), &
1677	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dy**2 + &
1678	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1679	ENDDO
1680	!
1681	!-- Northleft corner (xy distance)
1682	IF ( corner_nl(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1683	DO k = corner_nl(j,i), nzb_si
1684	l_wall(k,j+1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i-1), &
1685	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1686	ENDDO
1687	!
1688	!-- Above Northleft corner (xyz distance)
1689	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1690	l_wall(k,j+1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i-1), &
1691	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1692	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1693	ENDDO
1694	ENDIF
1695	!
1696	!-- Northright corner (xy distance)
1697	IF ( corner_nr(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1698	DO k = corner_nr(j,i), nzb_si
1699	l_wall(k,j+1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i+1), &
1700	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1701	ENDDO
1702	!
1703	!-- Above northright corner (xyz distance)
1704	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1705	l_wall(k,j+1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i+1), &
1706	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1707	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1708	ENDDO
1709	ENDIF
1710	ENDIF
1711
1712	IF ( wall_s(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1713	!
1714	!-- South wall (y distance)
1715	DO k = wall_s(j,i), nzb_si
1716	l_wall(k,j-1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i), 0.5_wp * dy )
1717	ENDDO
1718	!
1719	!-- Above south wall (yz distance)
1720	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1721	l_wall(k,j-1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i), &
1722	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dy**2 + &
1723	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1724	ENDDO
1725	!
1726	!-- Southleft corner (xy distance)
1727	IF ( corner_sl(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1728	DO k = corner_sl(j,i), nzb_si
1729	l_wall(k,j-1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i-1), &
1730	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1731	ENDDO
1732	!
1733	!-- Above southleft corner (xyz distance)
1734	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1735	l_wall(k,j-1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i-1), &
1736	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1737	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1738	ENDDO
1739	ENDIF
1740	!
1741	!-- Southright corner (xy distance)
1742	IF ( corner_sr(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1743	DO k = corner_sr(j,i), nzb_si
1744	l_wall(k,j-1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i+1), &
1745	0.5_wp * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1746	ENDDO
1747	!
1748	!-- Above southright corner (xyz distance)
1749	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1750	l_wall(k,j-1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i+1), &
1751	SQRT( 0.25_wp * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1752	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1753	ENDDO
1754	ENDIF
1755
1756	ENDIF
1757
1758	IF ( wall_l(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1759	!
1760	!-- Left wall (x distance)
1761	DO k = wall_l(j,i), nzb_si
1762	l_wall(k,j,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i-1), 0.5_wp * dx )
1763	ENDDO
1764	!
1765	!-- Above left wall (xz distance)
1766	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1767	l_wall(k,j,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i-1), &
1768	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dx**2 + &
1769	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1770	ENDDO
1771	ENDIF
1772
1773	IF ( wall_r(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1774	!
1775	!-- Right wall (x distance)
1776	DO k = wall_r(j,i), nzb_si
1777	l_wall(k,j,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i+1), 0.5_wp * dx )
1778	ENDDO
1779	!
1780	!-- Above right wall (xz distance)
1781	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1782	l_wall(k,j,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i+1), &
1783	SQRT( 0.25_wp * dx**2 + &
1784	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1785	ENDDO
1786
1787	ENDIF
1788
1789	ENDDO
1790	ENDDO
1791
1792	ENDIF
1793
1794	!
1795	!-- Multiplication with wall_adjustment_factor
1796	l_wall = wall_adjustment_factor * l_wall
1797
1798	!
1799	!-- Set lateral boundary conditions for l_wall
1800	CALL exchange_horiz( l_wall, nbgp )
1801
1802	DEALLOCATE( corner_nl, corner_nr, corner_sl, corner_sr, nzb_local, &
1803	nzb_tmp, vertical_influence, wall_l, wall_n, wall_r, wall_s )
1804
1805
1806	END SUBROUTINE init_grid

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