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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/init_grid.f90 @ 1097

Last change on this file since 1097 was 1093, checked in by raasch, 12 years ago
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1	SUBROUTINE init_grid
2
3	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
4	! This file is part of PALM.
5	!
6	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
7	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
8	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 1997-2012 Leibniz University Hannover
18	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: init_grid.f90 1093 2013-02-02 12:58:49Z raasch $
27	!
28	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
29	! unused variables removed
30	!
31	! 1069 2012-11-28 16:18:43Z maronga
32	! bugfix: added coupling_char to TOPOGRAPHY_DATA to allow topography in the ocean
33	! model in case of coupled runs
34	!
35	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
36	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
37	!
38	! 1015 2012-09-27 09:23:24Z raasch
39	! lower index for calculating wall_flags_0 set to nzb_w_inner instead of
40	! nzb_w_inner+1
41	!
42	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
43	! little reformatting
44	!
45	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
46	! Bugfix: nzb_max is set to nzt at non-cyclic lateral boundaries
47	! Bugfix: Set wall_flags_0 for inflow boundary
48	!
49	! 927 2012-06-06 19:15:04Z raasch
50	! Wall flags are not set for multigrid method in case of masking method
51	!
52	! 864 2012-03-27 15:10:33Z gryschka
53	! In case of ocean and Dirichlet bottom bc for u and v dzu_mg and ddzu_pres
54	! were not correctly defined for k=1.
55	!
56	! 861 2012-03-26 14:18:34Z suehring
57	! Set wall_flags_0. The array is needed for degradation in ws-scheme near walls,
58	! inflow and outflow boundaries as well as near the bottom and the top of the
59	! model domain.!
60	! Initialization of nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner.
61	! gls has to be at least nbgp to do not exceed the array bounds of nzb_local
62	! while setting wall_flags_0
63	!
64	! 843 2012-02-29 15:16:21Z gryschka
65	! In case of ocean and dirichlet bc for u and v at the bottom
66	! the first u-level ist defined at same height as the first w-level
67	!
68	! 818 2012-02-08 16:11:23Z maronga
69	! Bugfix: topo_height is only required if topography is used. It is thus now
70	! allocated in the topography branch
71	!
72	! 809 2012-01-30 13:32:58Z maronga
73	! Bugfix: replaced .AND. and .NOT. with && and ! in the preprocessor directives
74	!
75	! 807 2012-01-25 11:53:51Z maronga
76	! New cpp directive "__check" implemented which is used by check_namelist_files
77	!
78	! 759 2011-09-15 13:58:31Z raasch
79	! Splitting of parallel I/O in blocks of PEs
80	!
81	! 722 2011-04-11 06:21:09Z raasch
82	! Bugfix: bc_lr/ns_cyc replaced by bc_lr/ns, because variables are not yet set
83	! here
84	!
85	! 709 2011-03-30 09:31:40Z raasch
86	! formatting adjustments
87	!
88	! 707 2011-03-29 11:39:40Z raasch
89	! bc_lr/ns replaced by bc_lr/ns_cyc
90	!
91	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
92	! Definition of new array bounds nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng on each PE.
93	! Furthermore the allocation of arrays and steering of loops is done with these
94	! parameters. Call of exchange_horiz are modified.
95	! In case of dirichlet bounday condition at the bottom zu(0)=0.0
96	! dzu_mg has to be set explicitly for a equally spaced grid near bottom.
97	! ddzu_pres added to use a equally spaced grid near bottom.
98	!
99	! 555 2010-09-07 07:32:53Z raasch
100	! Bugfix: default setting of nzb_local for flat topography
101	!
102	! 274 2009-03-26 15:11:21Z heinze
103	! Output of messages replaced by message handling routine.
104	! new topography case 'single_street_canyon'
105	!
106	! 217 2008-12-09 18:00:48Z letzel
107	! +topography_grid_convention
108	!
109	! 134 2007-11-21 07:28:38Z letzel
110	! Redefine initial nzb_local as the actual total size of topography (later the
111	! extent of topography in nzb_local is reduced by 1dx at the E topography walls
112	! and by 1dy at the N topography walls to form the basis for nzb_s_inner);
113	! for consistency redefine 'single_building' case.
114	! Calculation of wall flag arrays
115	!
116	! 94 2007-06-01 15:25:22Z raasch
117	! Grid definition for ocean version
118	!
119	! 75 2007-03-22 09:54:05Z raasch
120	! storage of topography height arrays zu_s_inner and zw_s_inner,
121	! 2nd+3rd argument removed from exchange horiz
122	!
123	! 19 2007-02-23 04:53:48Z raasch
124	! Setting of nzt_diff
125	!
126	! RCS Log replace by Id keyword, revision history cleaned up
127	!
128	! Revision 1.17 2006/08/22 14:00:05 raasch
129	! +dz_max to limit vertical stretching,
130	! bugfix in index array initialization for line- or point-like topography
131	! structures
132	!
133	! Revision 1.1 1997/08/11 06:17:45 raasch
134	! Initial revision (Testversion)
135	!
136	!
137	! Description:
138	! ------------
139	! Creating grid depending constants
140	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
141
142	USE arrays_3d
143	USE control_parameters
144	USE grid_variables
145	USE indices
146	USE pegrid
147
148	IMPLICIT NONE
149
150	INTEGER :: bh, blx, bly, bxl, bxr, byn, bys, ch, cwx, cwy, cxl, cxr, cyn, &
151	cys, gls, i, ii, inc, j, k, l, nxl_l, nxr_l, nyn_l, nys_l, &
152	nzb_si, nzt_l, vi
153
154	INTEGER, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vertical_influence
155
156	INTEGER, DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_nl, corner_nr, corner_sl, &
157	corner_sr, wall_l, wall_n, wall_r,&
158	wall_s, nzb_local, nzb_tmp
159
160	LOGICAL :: flag_set = .FALSE.
161
162	REAL :: dx_l, dy_l, dz_stretched
163
164	REAL, DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: topo_height
165
166
167	!
168	!-- Calculation of horizontal array bounds including ghost layers
169	nxlg = nxl - nbgp
170	nxrg = nxr + nbgp
171	nysg = nys - nbgp
172	nyng = nyn + nbgp
173
174	!
175	!-- Allocate grid arrays
176	ALLOCATE( ddzu(1:nzt+1), ddzw(1:nzt+1), dd2zu(1:nzt), dzu(1:nzt+1), &
177	dzw(1:nzt+1), l_grid(1:nzt), zu(nzb:nzt+1), zw(nzb:nzt+1) )
178
179	!
180	!-- Compute height of u-levels from constant grid length and dz stretch factors
181	IF ( dz == -1.0 ) THEN
182	message_string = 'missing dz'
183	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0200', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
184	ELSEIF ( dz <= 0.0 ) THEN
185	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'dz=',dz,' <= 0.0'
186	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0201', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
187	ENDIF
188
189	!
190	!-- Define the vertical grid levels
191	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
192	!
193	!-- Grid for atmosphere with surface at z=0 (k=0, w-grid).
194	!-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the
195	!-- Prandtl-layer.
196
197	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2 ) THEN
198	zu(0) = 0.0
199	! zu(0) = - dz * 0.5
200	ELSE
201	zu(0) = - dz * 0.5
202	ENDIF
203	zu(1) = dz * 0.5
204
205	dz_stretch_level_index = nzt+1
206	dz_stretched = dz
207	DO k = 2, nzt+1
208	IF ( dz_stretch_level <= zu(k-1) .AND. dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN
209	dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor
210	dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max )
211	IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == nzt+1 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k-1
212	ENDIF
213	zu(k) = zu(k-1) + dz_stretched
214	ENDDO
215
216	!
217	!-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the
218	!-- corresponding u-levels. In case of dirichlet bc for u and v at the
219	!-- ground the first u- and w-level (k=0) are defined at same height (z=0).
220	!-- The top w-level is extrapolated linearly.
221	zw(0) = 0.0
222	DO k = 1, nzt
223	zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5
224	ENDDO
225	zw(nzt+1) = zw(nzt) + 2.0 * ( zu(nzt+1) - zw(nzt) )
226
227	ELSE
228	!
229	!-- Grid for ocean with free water surface is at k=nzt (w-grid).
230	!-- In case of neumann bc at the ground the first first u-level (k=0) lies
231	!-- below the first w-level (k=0). In case of dirichlet bc the first u- and
232	!-- w-level are defined at same height, but staggered from the second level.
233	!-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the Prandtl-layer.
234	zu(nzt+1) = dz * 0.5
235	zu(nzt) = - dz * 0.5
236
237	dz_stretch_level_index = 0
238	dz_stretched = dz
239	DO k = nzt-1, 0, -1
240	IF ( dz_stretch_level <= ABS( zu(k+1) ) .AND. &
241	dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN
242	dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor
243	dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max )
244	IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == 0 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k+1
245	ENDIF
246	zu(k) = zu(k+1) - dz_stretched
247	ENDDO
248
249	!
250	!-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the
251	!-- corresponding u-levels, except in case of dirichlet bc for u and v
252	!-- at the ground. In this case the first u- and w-level are defined at
253	!-- same height. The top w-level (nzt+1) is not used but set for
254	!-- consistency, since w and all scalar variables are defined up tp nzt+1.
255	zw(nzt+1) = dz
256	zw(nzt) = 0.0
257	DO k = 0, nzt
258	zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5
259	ENDDO
260
261	!
262	!-- In case of dirichlet bc for u and v the first u- and w-level are defined
263	!-- at same height.
264	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
265	zu(0) = zw(0)
266	ENDIF
267
268	ENDIF
269
270	!
271	!-- Compute grid lengths.
272	DO k = 1, nzt+1
273	dzu(k) = zu(k) - zu(k-1)
274	ddzu(k) = 1.0 / dzu(k)
275	dzw(k) = zw(k) - zw(k-1)
276	ddzw(k) = 1.0 / dzw(k)
277	ENDDO
278
279	DO k = 1, nzt
280	dd2zu(k) = 1.0 / ( dzu(k) + dzu(k+1) )
281	ENDDO
282
283	!
284	!-- The FFT- SOR-pressure solvers assume grid spacings of a staggered grid
285	!-- everywhere. For the actual grid, the grid spacing at the lowest level
286	!-- is only dz/2, but should be dz. Therefore, an additional array
287	!-- containing with appropriate grid information is created for these
288	!-- solvers.
289	IF ( psolver /= 'multigrid' ) THEN
290	ALLOCATE( ddzu_pres(1:nzt+1) )
291	ddzu_pres = ddzu
292	ddzu_pres(1) = ddzu_pres(2) ! change for lowest level
293	ENDIF
294
295	!
296	!-- In case of multigrid method, compute grid lengths and grid factors for the
297	!-- grid levels
298	IF ( psolver == 'multigrid' ) THEN
299
300	ALLOCATE( ddx2_mg(maximum_grid_level), ddy2_mg(maximum_grid_level), &
301	dzu_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level), &
302	dzw_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level), &
303	f1_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level), &
304	f2_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level), &
305	f3_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level) )
306
307	dzu_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzu
308	!
309	!-- Next line to ensure an equally spaced grid.
310	dzu_mg(1,maximum_grid_level) = dzu(2)
311
312	dzw_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzw
313	nzt_l = nzt
314	DO l = maximum_grid_level-1, 1, -1
315	dzu_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0 * dzu_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
316	dzw_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0 * dzw_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
317	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
318	DO k = 2, nzt_l+1
319	dzu_mg(k,l) = dzu_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzu_mg(2k-1,l+1)
320	dzw_mg(k,l) = dzw_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzw_mg(2k-1,l+1)
321	ENDDO
322	ENDDO
323
324	nzt_l = nzt
325	dx_l = dx
326	dy_l = dy
327	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1, -1
328	ddx2_mg(l) = 1.0 / dx_l**2
329	ddy2_mg(l) = 1.0 / dy_l**2
330	DO k = nzb+1, nzt_l
331	f2_mg(k,l) = 1.0 / ( dzu_mg(k+1,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
332	f3_mg(k,l) = 1.0 / ( dzu_mg(k,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
333	f1_mg(k,l) = 2.0 * ( ddx2_mg(l) + ddy2_mg(l) ) + &
334	f2_mg(k,l) + f3_mg(k,l)
335	ENDDO
336	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
337	dx_l = dx_l * 2.0
338	dy_l = dy_l * 2.0
339	ENDDO
340
341	ENDIF
342
343	!
344	!-- Compute the reciprocal values of the horizontal grid lengths.
345	ddx = 1.0 / dx
346	ddy = 1.0 / dy
347	dx2 = dx * dx
348	dy2 = dy * dy
349	ddx2 = 1.0 / dx2
350	ddy2 = 1.0 / dy2
351
352	!
353	!-- Compute the grid-dependent mixing length.
354	DO k = 1, nzt
355	l_grid(k) = ( dx * dy * dzw(k) )**0.33333333333333
356	ENDDO
357
358	!
359	!-- Allocate outer and inner index arrays for topography and set
360	!-- defaults.
361	!-- nzb_local has to contain additional layers of ghost points for calculating
362	!-- the flag arrays needed for the multigrid method
363	gls = 2**( maximum_grid_level )
364	IF ( gls < nbgp ) gls = nbgp
365
366	ALLOCATE( corner_nl(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), corner_nr(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
367	corner_sl(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), corner_sr(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
368	nzb_local(-gls:ny+gls,-gls:nx+gls), &
369	nzb_tmp(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp), &
370	wall_l(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), wall_n(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
371	wall_r(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), wall_s(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
372	ALLOCATE( fwxm(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fwxp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
373	fwym(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fwyp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
374	fxm(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fxp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
375	fym(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fyp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
376	nzb_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
377	nzb_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
378	nzb_u_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
379	nzb_u_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
380	nzb_v_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
381	nzb_v_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
382	nzb_w_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
383	nzb_w_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
384	nzb_diff_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
385	nzb_diff_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
386	nzb_diff_u(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
387	nzb_diff_v(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
388	nzb_2d(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
389	wall_e_x(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
390	wall_e_y(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
391	wall_u(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
392	wall_v(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
393	wall_w_x(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
394	wall_w_y(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
395
396
397
398	ALLOCATE( l_wall(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
399
400
401	nzb_s_inner = nzb; nzb_s_outer = nzb
402	nzb_u_inner = nzb; nzb_u_outer = nzb
403	nzb_v_inner = nzb; nzb_v_outer = nzb
404	nzb_w_inner = nzb; nzb_w_outer = nzb
405
406	!
407	!-- Define vertical gridpoint from (or to) which on the usual finite difference
408	!-- form (which does not use surface fluxes) is applied
409	IF ( prandtl_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
410	nzb_diff = nzb + 2
411	ELSE
412	nzb_diff = nzb + 1
413	ENDIF
414	IF ( use_top_fluxes ) THEN
415	nzt_diff = nzt - 1
416	ELSE
417	nzt_diff = nzt
418	ENDIF
419
420	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_diff; nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_diff
421	nzb_diff_u = nzb_diff; nzb_diff_v = nzb_diff
422
423	wall_e_x = 0.0; wall_e_y = 0.0; wall_u = 0.0; wall_v = 0.0
424	wall_w_x = 0.0; wall_w_y = 0.0
425	fwxp = 1.0; fwxm = 1.0; fwyp = 1.0; fwym = 1.0
426	fxp = 1.0; fxm = 1.0; fyp = 1.0; fym = 1.0
427
428	!
429	!-- Initialize near-wall mixing length l_wall only in the vertical direction
430	!-- for the moment,
431	!-- multiplication with wall_adjustment_factor near the end of this routine
432	l_wall(nzb,:,:) = l_grid(1)
433	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
434	l_wall(k,:,:) = l_grid(k)
435	ENDDO
436	l_wall(nzt+1,:,:) = l_grid(nzt)
437
438	ALLOCATE ( vertical_influence(nzb:nzt) )
439	DO k = 1, nzt
440	vertical_influence(k) = MIN ( INT( l_grid(k) / &
441	( wall_adjustment_factor * dzw(k) ) + 0.5 ), nzt - k )
442	ENDDO
443
444	DO k = 1, MAXVAL( nzb_s_inner )
445	IF ( l_grid(k) > 1.5 * dx * wall_adjustment_factor .OR. &
446	l_grid(k) > 1.5 * dy * wall_adjustment_factor ) THEN
447	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'grid anisotropy exceeds ', &
448	'threshold given by only local', &
449	' &horizontal reduction of near_wall ', &
450	'mixing length l_wall', &
451	' &starting from height level k = ', k, '.'
452	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0202', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
453	EXIT
454	ENDIF
455	ENDDO
456	vertical_influence(0) = vertical_influence(1)
457
458	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
459	DO j = nysg, nyng
460	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 1, &
461	nzb_s_inner(j,i) + vertical_influence(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
462	l_wall(k,j,i) = zu(k) - zw(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
463	ENDDO
464	ENDDO
465	ENDDO
466
467	!
468	!-- Set outer and inner index arrays for non-flat topography.
469	!-- Here consistency checks concerning domain size and periodicity are
470	!-- necessary.
471	!-- Within this SELECT CASE structure only nzb_local is initialized
472	!-- individually depending on the chosen topography type, all other index
473	!-- arrays are initialized further below.
474	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( topography ) )
475
476	CASE ( 'flat' )
477	!
478	!-- nzb_local is required for the multigrid solver
479	nzb_local = 0
480
481	CASE ( 'single_building' )
482	!
483	!-- Single rectangular building, by default centered in the middle of the
484	!-- total domain
485	blx = NINT( building_length_x / dx )
486	bly = NINT( building_length_y / dy )
487	bh = NINT( building_height / dz )
488
489	IF ( building_wall_left == 9999999.9 ) THEN
490	building_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - blx ) / 2 * dx
491	ENDIF
492	bxl = NINT( building_wall_left / dx )
493	bxr = bxl + blx
494
495	IF ( building_wall_south == 9999999.9 ) THEN
496	building_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - bly ) / 2 * dy
497	ENDIF
498	bys = NINT( building_wall_south / dy )
499	byn = bys + bly
500
501	!
502	!-- Building size has to meet some requirements
503	IF ( ( bxl < 1 ) .OR. ( bxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( bxr < bxl+3 ) .OR. &
504	( bys < 1 ) .OR. ( byn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( byn < bys+3 ) ) THEN
505	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent building parameters:', &
506	'& bxl=', bxl, 'bxr=', bxr, 'bys=', bys, &
507	'byn=', byn, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
508	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0203', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
509	ENDIF
510
511	!
512	!-- Define the building.
513	nzb_local = 0
514	nzb_local(bys:byn,bxl:bxr) = bh
515
516	CASE ( 'single_street_canyon' )
517	!
518	!-- Single quasi-2D street canyon of infinite length in x or y direction.
519	!-- The canyon is centered in the other direction by default.
520	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
521	!
522	!-- Street canyon in y direction
523	cwx = NINT( canyon_width_x / dx )
524	IF ( canyon_wall_left == 9999999.9 ) THEN
525	canyon_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - cwx ) / 2 * dx
526	ENDIF
527	cxl = NINT( canyon_wall_left / dx )
528	cxr = cxl + cwx
529
530	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
531	!
532	!-- Street canyon in x direction
533	cwy = NINT( canyon_width_y / dy )
534	IF ( canyon_wall_south == 9999999.9 ) THEN
535	canyon_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - cwy ) / 2 * dy
536	ENDIF
537	cys = NINT( canyon_wall_south / dy )
538	cyn = cys + cwy
539
540	ELSE
541
542	message_string = 'no street canyon width given'
543	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0204', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
544
545	ENDIF
546
547	ch = NINT( canyon_height / dz )
548	dp_level_ind_b = ch
549	!
550	!-- Street canyon size has to meet some requirements
551	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
552	IF ( ( cxl < 1 ) .OR. ( cxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( cwx < 3 ) .OR. &
553	( ch < 3 ) ) THEN
554	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', &
555	'&cxl=', cxl, 'cxr=', cxr, &
556	'cwx=', cwx, &
557	'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
558	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0205', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
559	ENDIF
560	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
561	IF ( ( cys < 1 ) .OR. ( cyn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( cwy < 3 ) .OR. &
562	( ch < 3 ) ) THEN
563	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', &
564	'&cys=', cys, 'cyn=', cyn, &
565	'cwy=', cwy, &
566	'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
567	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0206', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
568	ENDIF
569	ENDIF
570	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9 .AND. canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9 ) &
571	THEN
572	message_string = 'inconsistent canyon parameters:' // &
573	'&street canyon can only be oriented' // &
574	'&either in x- or in y-direction'
575	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0207', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
576	ENDIF
577
578	nzb_local = ch
579	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
580	nzb_local(:,cxl+1:cxr-1) = 0
581	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
582	nzb_local(cys+1:cyn-1,:) = 0
583	ENDIF
584
585	CASE ( 'read_from_file' )
586
587	ALLOCATE ( topo_height(0:ny,0:nx) )
588
589	DO ii = 0, io_blocks-1
590	IF ( ii == io_group ) THEN
591
592	!
593	!-- Arbitrary irregular topography data in PALM format (exactly
594	!-- matching the grid size and total domain size)
595	OPEN( 90, FILE='TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'//coupling_char, STATUS='OLD', &
596	FORM='FORMATTED', ERR=10 )
597	DO j = ny, 0, -1
598	READ( 90, *, ERR=11, END=11 ) ( topo_height(j,i), i = 0,nx )
599	ENDDO
600
601	GOTO 12
602
603	10 message_string = 'file TOPOGRAPHY'//coupling_char//' does not exist'
604	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0208', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
605
606	11 message_string = 'errors in file TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'//coupling_char
607	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0209', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
608
609	12 CLOSE( 90 )
610
611	ENDIF
612	#if defined( __parallel ) && ! defined ( __check )
613	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
614	#endif
615	ENDDO
616
617	!
618	!-- Calculate the index height of the topography
619	DO i = 0, nx
620	DO j = 0, ny
621	nzb_local(j,i) = NINT( topo_height(j,i) / dz )
622	ENDDO
623	ENDDO
624
625	DEALLOCATE ( topo_height )
626	!
627	!-- Add cyclic boundaries (additional layers are for calculating
628	!-- flag arrays needed for the multigrid sover)
629	nzb_local(-gls:-1,0:nx) = nzb_local(ny-gls+1:ny,0:nx)
630	nzb_local(ny+1:ny+gls,0:nx) = nzb_local(0:gls-1,0:nx)
631	nzb_local(:,-gls:-1) = nzb_local(:,nx-gls+1:nx)
632	nzb_local(:,nx+1:nx+gls) = nzb_local(:,0:gls-1)
633
634	CASE DEFAULT
635	!
636	!-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter topography
637	!-- contains a wrong character string or if the user has defined a special
638	!-- case in the user interface. There, the subroutine user_init_grid
639	!-- checks which of these two conditions applies.
640	CALL user_init_grid( gls, nzb_local )
641
642	END SELECT
643	!
644	!-- Determine the maximum level of topography. Furthermore it is used for
645	!-- steering the degradation of order of the applied advection scheme.
646	!-- In case of non-cyclic lateral boundaries, the order of the advection
647	!-- scheme have to be reduced up to nzt (required at the lateral boundaries).
648	nzb_max = MAXVAL( nzb_local )
649	IF ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. &
650	inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) THEN
651	nzb_max = nzt
652	ENDIF
653
654	!
655	!-- Consistency checks and index array initialization are only required for
656	!-- non-flat topography, also the initialization of topography height arrays
657	!-- zu_s_inner and zw_w_inner
658	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
659
660	!
661	!-- Consistency checks
662	IF ( MINVAL( nzb_local ) < 0 .OR. MAXVAL( nzb_local ) > nz + 1 ) THEN
663	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'nzb_local values are outside the', &
664	'model domain', &
665	'&MINVAL( nzb_local ) = ', MINVAL(nzb_local), &
666	'&MAXVAL( nzb_local ) = ', MAXVAL(nzb_local)
667	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0210', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
668	ENDIF
669
670	IF ( bc_lr == 'cyclic' ) THEN
671	IF ( ANY( nzb_local(:,-1) /= nzb_local(:,nx) ) .OR. &
672	ANY( nzb_local(:,0) /= nzb_local(:,nx+1) ) ) THEN
673	message_string = 'nzb_local does not fulfill cyclic' // &
674	' boundary condition in x-direction'
675	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0211', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
676	ENDIF
677	ENDIF
678	IF ( bc_ns == 'cyclic' ) THEN
679	IF ( ANY( nzb_local(-1,:) /= nzb_local(ny,:) ) .OR. &
680	ANY( nzb_local(0,:) /= nzb_local(ny+1,:) ) ) THEN
681	message_string = 'nzb_local does not fulfill cyclic' // &
682	' boundary condition in y-direction'
683	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0212', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
684	ENDIF
685	ENDIF
686
687	IF ( topography_grid_convention == 'cell_edge' ) THEN
688	!
689	!-- The array nzb_local as defined using the 'cell_edge' convention
690	!-- describes the actual total size of topography which is defined at the
691	!-- cell edges where u=0 on the topography walls in x-direction and v=0
692	!-- on the topography walls in y-direction. However, PALM uses individual
693	!-- arrays nzb_u\|v\|w\|s_inner\|outer that are based on nzb_s_inner.
694	!-- Therefore, the extent of topography in nzb_local is now reduced by
695	!-- 1dx at the E topography walls and by 1dy at the N topography walls
696	!-- to form the basis for nzb_s_inner.
697	DO j = -gls, ny + gls
698	DO i = -gls, nx
699	nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j,i+1) )
700	ENDDO
701	ENDDO
702	!-- apply cyclic boundary conditions in x-direction
703	!(ist das erforderlich? Ursache von Seung Bus Fehler?)
704	nzb_local(:,nx+1:nx+gls) = nzb_local(:,0:gls-1)
705	DO i = -gls, nx + gls
706	DO j = -gls, ny
707	nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j+1,i) )
708	ENDDO
709	ENDDO
710	!-- apply cyclic boundary conditions in y-direction
711	!(ist das erforderlich? Ursache von Seung Bus Fehler?)
712	nzb_local(ny+1:ny+gls,:) = nzb_local(0:gls-1,:)
713	ENDIF
714
715	!
716	!-- Initialize index arrays nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner
717	nzb_s_inner = nzb_local(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
718	nzb_w_inner = nzb_local(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
719
720	!
721	!-- Initialize remaining index arrays:
722	!-- first pre-initialize them with nzb_s_inner...
723	nzb_u_inner = nzb_s_inner
724	nzb_u_outer = nzb_s_inner
725	nzb_v_inner = nzb_s_inner
726	nzb_v_outer = nzb_s_inner
727	nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_inner
728	nzb_s_outer = nzb_s_inner
729
730	!
731	!-- ...then extend pre-initialized arrays in their according directions
732	!-- based on nzb_local using nzb_tmp as a temporary global index array
733
734	!
735	!-- nzb_s_outer:
736	!-- extend nzb_local east-/westwards first, then north-/southwards
737	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
738	DO j = -1, ny + 1
739	DO i = 0, nx
740	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i), &
741	nzb_local(j,i+1) )
742	ENDDO
743	ENDDO
744	DO i = nxl, nxr
745	DO j = nys, nyn
746	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
747	nzb_tmp(j+1,i) )
748	ENDDO
749	!
750	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
751	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
752	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
753	j = -1
754	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
755	ENDIF
756	IF ( nys == ny ) THEN
757	j = ny + 1
758	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
759	ENDIF
760	ENDDO
761	!
762	!-- nzb_w_outer:
763	!-- identical to nzb_s_outer
764	nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_outer
765
766	!
767	!-- nzb_u_inner:
768	!-- extend nzb_local rightwards only
769	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
770	DO j = -1, ny + 1
771	DO i = 0, nx + 1
772	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i) )
773	ENDDO
774	ENDDO
775	nzb_u_inner = nzb_tmp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
776
777	!
778	!-- nzb_u_outer:
779	!-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_u_inner) north-/southwards
780	DO i = nxl, nxr
781	DO j = nys, nyn
782	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
783	nzb_tmp(j+1,i) )
784	ENDDO
785	!
786	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
787	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
788	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
789	j = -1
790	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
791	ENDIF
792	IF ( nys == ny ) THEN
793	j = ny + 1
794	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
795	ENDIF
796	ENDDO
797
798	!
799	!-- nzb_v_inner:
800	!-- extend nzb_local northwards only
801	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
802	DO i = -1, nx + 1
803	DO j = 0, ny + 1
804	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j-1,i), nzb_local(j,i) )
805	ENDDO
806	ENDDO
807	nzb_v_inner = nzb_tmp(nys-nbgp:nyn+nbgp,nxl-nbgp:nxr+nbgp)
808
809	!
810	!-- nzb_v_outer:
811	!-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_v_inner) right-/leftwards
812	DO j = nys, nyn
813	DO i = nxl, nxr
814	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
815	nzb_tmp(j,i+1) )
816	ENDDO
817	!
818	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
819	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
820	IF ( nxl == 0 ) THEN
821	i = -1
822	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i+1), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
823	ENDIF
824	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
825	i = nx + 1
826	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
827	ENDIF
828	ENDDO
829	#if ! defined ( __check )
830	!
831	!-- Exchange of lateral boundary values (parallel computers) and cyclic
832	!-- boundary conditions, if applicable.
833	!-- Since nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner are derived directly from nzb_local
834	!-- they do not require exchange and are not included here.
835	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_inner )
836	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_outer )
837	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_inner )
838	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_outer )
839	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_w_outer )
840	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_s_outer )
841
842	!
843	!-- Allocate and set the arrays containing the topography height
844	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
845
846	ALLOCATE( zu_s_inner(0:nx+1,0:ny+1), zw_w_inner(0:nx+1,0:ny+1) )
847
848	DO i = 0, nx + 1
849	DO j = 0, ny + 1
850	zu_s_inner(i,j) = zu(nzb_local(j,i))
851	zw_w_inner(i,j) = zw(nzb_local(j,i))
852	ENDDO
853	ENDDO
854
855	ENDIF
856	#endif
857	ENDIF
858
859	#if ! defined ( __check )
860	!
861	!-- Preliminary: to be removed after completion of the topography code!
862	!-- Set the former default k index arrays nzb_2d
863	nzb_2d = nzb
864
865	!
866	!-- Set the individual index arrays which define the k index from which on
867	!-- the usual finite difference form (which does not use surface fluxes) is
868	!-- applied
869	IF ( prandtl_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
870	nzb_diff_u = nzb_u_inner + 2
871	nzb_diff_v = nzb_v_inner + 2
872	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 2
873	nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 2
874	ELSE
875	nzb_diff_u = nzb_u_inner + 1
876	nzb_diff_v = nzb_v_inner + 1
877	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 1
878	nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 1
879	ENDIF
880
881	!
882	!-- Calculation of wall switches and factors required by diffusion_u/v.f90 and
883	!-- for limitation of near-wall mixing length l_wall further below
884	corner_nl = 0
885	corner_nr = 0
886	corner_sl = 0
887	corner_sr = 0
888	wall_l = 0
889	wall_n = 0
890	wall_r = 0
891	wall_s = 0
892
893	DO i = nxl, nxr
894	DO j = nys, nyn
895	!
896	!-- u-component
897	IF ( nzb_u_outer(j,i) > nzb_u_outer(j+1,i) ) THEN
898	wall_u(j,i) = 1.0 ! north wall (location of adjacent fluid)
899	fym(j,i) = 0.0
900	fyp(j,i) = 1.0
901	ELSEIF ( nzb_u_outer(j,i) > nzb_u_outer(j-1,i) ) THEN
902	wall_u(j,i) = 1.0 ! south wall (location of adjacent fluid)
903	fym(j,i) = 1.0
904	fyp(j,i) = 0.0
905	ENDIF
906	!
907	!-- v-component
908	IF ( nzb_v_outer(j,i) > nzb_v_outer(j,i+1) ) THEN
909	wall_v(j,i) = 1.0 ! rigth wall (location of adjacent fluid)
910	fxm(j,i) = 0.0
911	fxp(j,i) = 1.0
912	ELSEIF ( nzb_v_outer(j,i) > nzb_v_outer(j,i-1) ) THEN
913	wall_v(j,i) = 1.0 ! left wall (location of adjacent fluid)
914	fxm(j,i) = 1.0
915	fxp(j,i) = 0.0
916	ENDIF
917	!
918	!-- w-component, also used for scalars, separate arrays for shear
919	!-- production of tke
920	IF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j+1,i) ) THEN
921	wall_e_y(j,i) = 1.0 ! north wall (location of adjacent fluid)
922	wall_w_y(j,i) = 1.0
923	fwym(j,i) = 0.0
924	fwyp(j,i) = 1.0
925	ELSEIF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j-1,i) ) THEN
926	wall_e_y(j,i) = -1.0 ! south wall (location of adjacent fluid)
927	wall_w_y(j,i) = 1.0
928	fwym(j,i) = 1.0
929	fwyp(j,i) = 0.0
930	ENDIF
931	IF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j,i+1) ) THEN
932	wall_e_x(j,i) = 1.0 ! right wall (location of adjacent fluid)
933	wall_w_x(j,i) = 1.0
934	fwxm(j,i) = 0.0
935	fwxp(j,i) = 1.0
936	ELSEIF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j,i-1) ) THEN
937	wall_e_x(j,i) = -1.0 ! left wall (location of adjacent fluid)
938	wall_w_x(j,i) = 1.0
939	fwxm(j,i) = 1.0
940	fwxp(j,i) = 0.0
941	ENDIF
942	!
943	!-- Wall and corner locations inside buildings for limitation of
944	!-- near-wall mixing length l_wall
945	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) ) THEN
946
947	wall_n(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) + 1 ! North wall
948
949	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
950	corner_nl(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j+1,i), & ! Northleft corner
951	nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) + 1
952	ENDIF
953
954	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
955	corner_nr(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j+1,i), & ! Northright corner
956	nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) + 1
957	ENDIF
958
959	ENDIF
960
961	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) ) THEN
962
963	wall_s(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) + 1 ! South wall
964	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
965	corner_sl(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j-1,i), & ! Southleft corner
966	nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) + 1
967	ENDIF
968
969	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
970	corner_sr(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j-1,i), & ! Southright corner
971	nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) + 1
972	ENDIF
973
974	ENDIF
975
976	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
977	wall_l(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) + 1 ! Left wall
978	ENDIF
979
980	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
981	wall_r(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) + 1 ! Right wall
982	ENDIF
983
984	ENDDO
985	ENDDO
986
987	!
988	!-- Calculate wall flag arrays for the multigrid method
989	IF ( psolver == 'multigrid' ) THEN
990	!
991	!-- Gridpoint increment of the current level
992	inc = 1
993
994	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1 , -1
995
996	nxl_l = nxl_mg(l)
997	nxr_l = nxr_mg(l)
998	nys_l = nys_mg(l)
999	nyn_l = nyn_mg(l)
1000	nzt_l = nzt_mg(l)
1001
1002	!
1003	!-- Assign the flag level to be calculated
1004	SELECT CASE ( l )
1005	CASE ( 1 )
1006	flags => wall_flags_1
1007	CASE ( 2 )
1008	flags => wall_flags_2
1009	CASE ( 3 )
1010	flags => wall_flags_3
1011	CASE ( 4 )
1012	flags => wall_flags_4
1013	CASE ( 5 )
1014	flags => wall_flags_5
1015	CASE ( 6 )
1016	flags => wall_flags_6
1017	CASE ( 7 )
1018	flags => wall_flags_7
1019	CASE ( 8 )
1020	flags => wall_flags_8
1021	CASE ( 9 )
1022	flags => wall_flags_9
1023	CASE ( 10 )
1024	flags => wall_flags_10
1025	END SELECT
1026
1027	!
1028	!-- Depending on the grid level, set the respective bits in case of
1029	!-- neighbouring walls
1030	!-- Bit 0: wall to the bottom
1031	!-- Bit 1: wall to the top (not realized in remaining PALM code so far)
1032	!-- Bit 2: wall to the south
1033	!-- Bit 3: wall to the north
1034	!-- Bit 4: wall to the left
1035	!-- Bit 5: wall to the right
1036	!-- Bit 6: inside building
1037
1038	flags = 0
1039
1040	!
1041	!-- In case of masking method, flags are not set and multigrid method
1042	!-- works like FFT-solver
1043	IF ( .NOT. masking_method ) THEN
1044
1045	DO i = nxl_l-1, nxr_l+1
1046	DO j = nys_l-1, nyn_l+1
1047	DO k = nzb, nzt_l+1
1048
1049	!
1050	!-- Inside/outside building (inside building does not need
1051	!-- further tests for walls)
1052	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,i*inc) ) THEN
1053
1054	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 6 )
1055
1056	ELSE
1057	!
1058	!-- Bottom wall
1059	IF ( (k-1)inc <= nzb_local(jinc,i*inc) ) THEN
1060	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 0 )
1061	ENDIF
1062	!
1063	!-- South wall
1064	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local((j-1)inc,i*inc) ) THEN
1065	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 2 )
1066	ENDIF
1067	!
1068	!-- North wall
1069	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local((j+1)inc,i*inc) ) THEN
1070	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 3 )
1071	ENDIF
1072	!
1073	!-- Left wall
1074	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,(i-1)*inc) ) THEN
1075	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 4 )
1076	ENDIF
1077	!
1078	!-- Right wall
1079	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,(i+1)*inc) ) THEN
1080	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 5 )
1081	ENDIF
1082
1083	ENDIF
1084
1085	ENDDO
1086	ENDDO
1087	ENDDO
1088
1089	ENDIF
1090
1091	!
1092	!-- Test output of flag arrays
1093	! i = nxl_l
1094	! WRITE (9,*) ' '
1095	! WRITE (9,) ' mg level ', l, ' *', mg_switch_to_pe0_level
1096	! WRITE (9,*) ' inc=', inc, ' i =', nxl_l
1097	! WRITE (9,*) ' nxl_l',nxl_l,' nxr_l=',nxr_l,' nys_l=',nys_l,' nyn_l=',nyn_l
1098	! DO k = nzt_l+1, nzb, -1
1099	! WRITE (9,'(194(1X,I2))') ( flags(k,j,i), j = nys_l-1, nyn_l+1 )
1100	! ENDDO
1101
1102	inc = inc * 2
1103
1104	ENDDO
1105
1106	ENDIF
1107	!
1108	!-- Allocate flags needed for masking walls.
1109	ALLOCATE( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1110	wall_flags_0 = 0
1111
1112	IF ( scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' ) THEN
1113	!
1114	!-- Set flags to steer the degradation of the advection scheme in advec_ws
1115	!-- near topography, inflow- and outflow boundaries as well as bottom and
1116	!-- top of model domain. wall_flags_0 remains zero for all non-prognostic
1117	!-- grid points.
1118	DO i = nxl, nxr
1119	DO j = nys, nyn
1120	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzt
1121	!
1122	!-- scalar - x-direction
1123	!-- WS1 (0), WS3 (1), WS5 (2)
1124	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) .OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l )&
1125	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) &
1126	.AND. i == nxr ) ) THEN
1127	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 )
1128	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+2) .OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) &
1129	.OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) .AND. i == nxr-1 ) &
1130	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l ) .AND. i == nxlu ) &
1131	) THEN
1132	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 )
1133	ELSE
1134	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 )
1135	ENDIF
1136	!
1137	!-- scalar - y-direction
1138	!-- WS1 (3), WS3 (4), WS5 (5)
1139	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) .OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s )&
1140	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) &
1141	.AND. j == nyn ) ) THEN
1142	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 )
1143	!-- WS3
1144	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j+2,i) .OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) &
1145	.OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) .AND. j == nysv ) &
1146	.OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) .AND. j == nyn-1 ) &
1147	) THEN
1148	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 4 )
1149	!-- WS5
1150	ELSE
1151	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 5 )
1152	ENDIF
1153	!
1154	!-- scalar - z-direction
1155	!-- WS1 (6), WS3 (7), WS5 (8)
1156	flag_set = .FALSE.
1157	IF ( k == nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1158	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 6 )
1159	flag_set = .TRUE.
1160	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1161	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 7 )
1162	flag_set = .TRUE.
1163	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_s_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1164	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 8 )
1165	ENDIF
1166	ENDDO
1167	ENDDO
1168	ENDDO
1169	ENDIF
1170
1171	IF ( momentum_advec == 'ws-scheme' ) THEN
1172	!
1173	!-- Set wall_flags_0 to steer the degradation of the advection scheme in advec_ws
1174	!-- near topography, inflow- and outflow boundaries as well as bottom and
1175	!-- top of model domain. wall_flags_0 remains zero for all non-prognostic
1176	!-- grid points.
1177	DO i = nxl, nxr
1178	DO j = nys, nyn
1179	DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, nzt
1180	!
1181	!-- u component - x-direction
1182	!-- WS1 (9), WS3 (10), WS5 (11)
1183	IF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i+1) &
1184	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l ) .AND. i == nxlu ) &
1185	.OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) .AND. i == nxr ) &
1186	) THEN
1187	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1188	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i+2) .OR. k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i-1) &
1189	.OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) .AND. i == nxr-1 )&
1190	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l ) .AND. i == nxlu+1)&
1191	) THEN
1192	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 10 )
1193	ELSE
1194	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 11 )
1195	ENDIF
1196
1197	!
1198	!-- u component - y-direction
1199	!-- WS1 (12), WS3 (13), WS5 (14)
1200	IF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j+1,i) .OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s )&
1201	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) &
1202	.AND. j == nyn ) ) THEN
1203	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1204	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j+2,i) .OR. k <= nzb_u_inner(j-1,i) &
1205	.OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) .AND. j == nysv ) &
1206	.OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) .AND. j == nyn-1 ) &
1207	) THEN
1208	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 13 )
1209	ELSE
1210	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 14 )
1211	ENDIF
1212	!
1213	!-- u component - z-direction
1214	!-- WS1 (15), WS3 (16), WS5 (17)
1215	flag_set = .FALSE.
1216	IF ( k == nzb_u_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1217	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 15 )
1218	flag_set = .TRUE.
1219	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_u_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1220	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 16 )
1221	flag_set = .TRUE.
1222	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_u_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1223	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 17 )
1224	ENDIF
1225
1226	ENDDO
1227	ENDDO
1228	ENDDO
1229
1230	DO i = nxl, nxr
1231	DO j = nys, nyn
1232	DO k = nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1, nzt
1233	!
1234	!-- v component - x-direction
1235	!-- WS1 (18), WS3 (19), WS5 (20)
1236	IF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i+1) .OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l )&
1237	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. (( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) &
1238	.AND. i == nxr ) ) THEN
1239	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1240	!-- WS3
1241	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i+2) .OR. k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i-1) &
1242	.OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) .AND. i == nxr-1 ) &
1243	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l ) .AND. i == nxlu ) &
1244	) THEN
1245	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 19 )
1246	ELSE
1247	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 20 )
1248	ENDIF
1249	!
1250	!-- v component - y-direction
1251	!-- WS1 (21), WS3 (22), WS5 (23)
1252	IF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j+1,i) &
1253	.OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) .AND. i == nysv ) &
1254	.OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) .AND. j == nyn ) &
1255	) THEN
1256	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1257	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j+2,i) .OR. k <= nzb_v_inner(j-1,i) &
1258	.OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) .AND. j == nysv+1 )&
1259	.OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) .AND. j == nyn-1 )&
1260	) THEN
1261	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 22 )
1262	ELSE
1263	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 23 )
1264	ENDIF
1265	!
1266	!-- v component - z-direction
1267	!-- WS1 (24), WS3 (25), WS5 (26)
1268	flag_set = .FALSE.
1269	IF ( k == nzb_v_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1270	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 24 )
1271	flag_set = .TRUE.
1272	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_v_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1273	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 25 )
1274	flag_set = .TRUE.
1275	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_v_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1276	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 26 )
1277	ENDIF
1278
1279	ENDDO
1280	ENDDO
1281	ENDDO
1282	DO i = nxl, nxr
1283	DO j = nys, nyn
1284	DO k = nzb_w_inner(j,i), nzt
1285	!
1286	!-- w component - x-direction
1287	!-- WS1 (27), WS3 (28), WS5 (29)
1288	IF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i+1) .OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l )&
1289	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) &
1290	.AND. i == nxr ) ) THEN
1291	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1292	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i+2) .OR. k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i-1) &
1293	.OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) .AND. i == nxr-1 ) &
1294	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l ) .AND. i == nxlu ) &
1295	) THEN
1296	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 28 )
1297	ELSE
1298	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i),29 )
1299	ENDIF
1300	!
1301	!-- w component - y-direction
1302	!-- WS1 (30), WS3 (31), WS5 (32)
1303	IF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j+1,i) .OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s )&
1304	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) &
1305	.AND. j == nyn ) ) THEN
1306	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1307	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j+2,i) .OR. k <= nzb_w_inner(j-1,i) &
1308	.OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) .AND. j == nysv ) &
1309	.OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) .AND. j == nyn-1 ) &
1310	) THEN
1311	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 31 )
1312	ELSE
1313	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 32 )
1314	ENDIF
1315	!
1316	!-- w component - z-direction
1317	!-- WS1 (33), WS3 (34), WS5 (35)
1318	flag_set = .FALSE.
1319	IF ( k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) .OR. k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) + 1 &
1320	.OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1321	!
1322	!-- Please note, at k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) a flag is explictely
1323	!-- set, although this is not a prognostic level. However,
1324	!-- contrary to the advection of u,v and s this is necessary
1325	!-- because flux_t(nzb_w_inner(j,i)) is used for the tendency
1326	!-- at k == nzb_w_inner(j,i)+1.
1327	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 33 )
1328	flag_set = .TRUE.
1329	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1330	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 34 )
1331	flag_set = .TRUE.
1332	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_w_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1333	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 35 )
1334	ENDIF
1335
1336	ENDDO
1337	ENDDO
1338	ENDDO
1339
1340	ENDIF
1341
1342	!
1343	!-- In case of topography: limit near-wall mixing length l_wall further:
1344	!-- Go through all points of the subdomain one by one and look for the closest
1345	!-- surface
1346	IF ( TRIM(topography) /= 'flat' ) THEN
1347	DO i = nxl, nxr
1348	DO j = nys, nyn
1349
1350	nzb_si = nzb_s_inner(j,i)
1351	vi = vertical_influence(nzb_si)
1352
1353	IF ( wall_n(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1354	!
1355	!-- North wall (y distance)
1356	DO k = wall_n(j,i), nzb_si
1357	l_wall(k,j+1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i), 0.5 * dy )
1358	ENDDO
1359	!
1360	!-- Above North wall (yz distance)
1361	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1362	l_wall(k,j+1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i), &
1363	SQRT( 0.25 * dy**2 + &
1364	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1365	ENDDO
1366	!
1367	!-- Northleft corner (xy distance)
1368	IF ( corner_nl(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1369	DO k = corner_nl(j,i), nzb_si
1370	l_wall(k,j+1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i-1), &
1371	0.5 * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1372	ENDDO
1373	!
1374	!-- Above Northleft corner (xyz distance)
1375	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1376	l_wall(k,j+1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i-1), &
1377	SQRT( 0.25 * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1378	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1379	ENDDO
1380	ENDIF
1381	!
1382	!-- Northright corner (xy distance)
1383	IF ( corner_nr(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1384	DO k = corner_nr(j,i), nzb_si
1385	l_wall(k,j+1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i+1), &
1386	0.5 * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1387	ENDDO
1388	!
1389	!-- Above northright corner (xyz distance)
1390	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1391	l_wall(k,j+1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i+1), &
1392	SQRT( 0.25 * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1393	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1394	ENDDO
1395	ENDIF
1396	ENDIF
1397
1398	IF ( wall_s(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1399	!
1400	!-- South wall (y distance)
1401	DO k = wall_s(j,i), nzb_si
1402	l_wall(k,j-1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i), 0.5 * dy )
1403	ENDDO
1404	!
1405	!-- Above south wall (yz distance)
1406	DO k = nzb_si + 1, &
1407	nzb_si + vi
1408	l_wall(k,j-1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i), &
1409	SQRT( 0.25 * dy**2 + &
1410	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1411	ENDDO
1412	!
1413	!-- Southleft corner (xy distance)
1414	IF ( corner_sl(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1415	DO k = corner_sl(j,i), nzb_si
1416	l_wall(k,j-1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i-1), &
1417	0.5 * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1418	ENDDO
1419	!
1420	!-- Above southleft corner (xyz distance)
1421	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1422	l_wall(k,j-1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i-1), &
1423	SQRT( 0.25 * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1424	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1425	ENDDO
1426	ENDIF
1427	!
1428	!-- Southright corner (xy distance)
1429	IF ( corner_sr(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1430	DO k = corner_sr(j,i), nzb_si
1431	l_wall(k,j-1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i+1), &
1432	0.5 * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1433	ENDDO
1434	!
1435	!-- Above southright corner (xyz distance)
1436	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1437	l_wall(k,j-1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i+1), &
1438	SQRT( 0.25 * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1439	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1440	ENDDO
1441	ENDIF
1442
1443	ENDIF
1444
1445	IF ( wall_l(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1446	!
1447	!-- Left wall (x distance)
1448	DO k = wall_l(j,i), nzb_si
1449	l_wall(k,j,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i-1), 0.5 * dx )
1450	ENDDO
1451	!
1452	!-- Above left wall (xz distance)
1453	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1454	l_wall(k,j,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i-1), &
1455	SQRT( 0.25 * dx**2 + &
1456	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1457	ENDDO
1458	ENDIF
1459
1460	IF ( wall_r(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1461	!
1462	!-- Right wall (x distance)
1463	DO k = wall_r(j,i), nzb_si
1464	l_wall(k,j,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i+1), 0.5 * dx )
1465	ENDDO
1466	!
1467	!-- Above right wall (xz distance)
1468	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1469	l_wall(k,j,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i+1), &
1470	SQRT( 0.25 * dx**2 + &
1471	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1472	ENDDO
1473
1474	ENDIF
1475
1476	ENDDO
1477	ENDDO
1478
1479	ENDIF
1480
1481	!
1482	!-- Multiplication with wall_adjustment_factor
1483	l_wall = wall_adjustment_factor * l_wall
1484
1485	!
1486	!-- Set lateral boundary conditions for l_wall
1487	CALL exchange_horiz( l_wall, nbgp )
1488
1489	DEALLOCATE( corner_nl, corner_nr, corner_sl, corner_sr, nzb_local, &
1490	nzb_tmp, vertical_influence, wall_l, wall_n, wall_r, wall_s )
1491
1492	#endif
1493
1494	END SUBROUTINE init_grid

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