!> @file init_grid.f90 !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! This file is part of PALM. ! ! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the ! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software ! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later ! version. ! ! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY ! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR ! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. ! ! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with ! PALM. If not, see . ! ! Copyright 1997-2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! ! ! Current revisions: ! ----------------- ! ! ! Former revisions: ! ----------------- ! $Id: init_grid.f90 2302 2017-07-03 14:07:20Z raasch $ ! Bugfixes in reading 3D topography from file ! ! 2274 2017-06-09 13:27:48Z Giersch ! Changed error messages ! ! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring ! ! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring ! - Adjustments according to new topography representation ! - Bugfix: Move determination of nzb_max behind topography modification in ! cell-edge case ! - Get rid off global arrays required for topography output ! - Enable topography input via netcdf ! - Generic tunnel set-up added ! ! 2200 2017-04-11 11:37:51Z suehring ! monotonic_adjustment removed ! ! 2169 2017-03-06 18:16:35Z suehring ! Bugfix, move setting for topography grid convention to init_grid, else, if no ! value is set, the simulation may abort in case of restarts ! ! 2128 2017-01-23 15:00:03Z suehring ! Bugfix in setting topography from file in case of ocean simulations ! ! 2088 2016-12-19 16:30:25Z suehring ! Bugfix in generic topography in case of ocean simulations ! ! 2037 2016-10-26 11:15:40Z knoop ! Anelastic approximation implemented ! ! 2021 2016-10-07 14:08:57Z suehring ! Bugfix: setting Neumann boundary conditions for topography required for ! topography flags in multigrid_noopt solver ! ! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop ! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns ! ! 1994 2016-08-15 09:52:21Z suehring ! Bugfix in definition of generic topography ! ! 1982 2016-08-01 11:04:48Z suehring ! Bugfix concering consistency check for topography ! ! 1968 2016-07-18 12:01:49Z suehring ! Changed: PE-wise reading of topography file in order to avoid global definition ! of arrays nzb_local and nzb_tmp. Thereby, topography definition for single ! buildings and street canyons has changed, as well as flag setting for ! multigrid scheme. ! ! Bugfix in checking l_grid anisotropy. ! Simplify initial computation of lwall and vertical_influence, i.e. remove ! nzb_s_inner as it is still zero at this point. ! ! 1942 2016-06-14 12:18:18Z suehring ! Topography filter implemented to fill holes resolved by only one grid point. ! Initialization of flags for ws-scheme moved to advec_ws. ! ! 1931 2016-06-10 12:06:59Z suehring ! Rename multigrid into multigrid_noopt and multigrid_fast into multigrid ! ! 1910 2016-05-26 06:49:46Z raasch ! Bugfix: if topography is read from file, Neumann conditions are used for the ! nzb_local array (instead of cyclic conditions) in case that non-cyclic ! boundary conditions are switched on for the run ! ! 1902 2016-05-09 11:18:56Z suehring ! Set topography flags for multigrid solver only (not for multigrid_fast) ! ! 1886 2016-04-21 11:20:47Z suehring ! Bugfix: setting advection flags near walls ! reformulated index values for nzb_v_inner ! variable discriptions added in declaration block ! ! 1845 2016-04-08 08:29:13Z raasch ! nzb_2d removed ! ! 1804 2016-04-05 16:30:18Z maronga ! Removed code for parameter file check (__check) ! ! 1779 2016-03-03 08:01:28Z raasch ! coupling_char is trimmed at every place it occurs, because it can have ! different length now ! ! 1762 2016-02-25 12:31:13Z hellstea ! Introduction of nested domain feature ! ! 1743 2016-01-13 10:23:51Z raasch ! Bugfix for calculation of nzb_s_outer and nzb_u_outer at north boundary of ! total domain ! ! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga ! Renamed prandtl_layer to constant_flux_layer. ! ! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop ! Code annotations made doxygen readable ! ! 1677 2015-10-02 13:25:23Z boeske ! Bugfix: Ghost points are included in wall_flags_0 and wall_flags_00 ! ! 1675 2015-10-02 08:28:59Z gronemeier ! Bugfix: Definition of topography grid levels ! ! 1660 2015-09-21 08:15:16Z gronemeier ! Bugfix: Definition of topography grid levels if vertical grid stretching ! starts below the maximum topography height. ! ! 1580 2015-04-10 13:43:49Z suehring ! Bugfix: setting flags for 5th order scheme near buildings ! ! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch ! adjustments for psolver-queries ! ! 1557 2015-03-05 16:43:04Z suehring ! Adjustment for monotoinic limiter ! ! 1418 2014-06-06 13:05:08Z fricke ! Bugfix: Change if-condition for stretched grid in the ocean, with the old ! condition and a negative value for dz_stretch_level the condition ! was always true for the whole model domain ! ! 1409 2014-05-23 12:11:32Z suehring ! Bugfix: set wall_flags_0 at inflow and outflow boundary also for i <= nxlu ! j <= nysv ! ! 1353 2014-04-08 15:21:23Z heinze ! REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute ! ! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch ! REAL constants defined as wp-kind ! ! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch ! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements, ! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements, ! kinds are defined in new module kinds, ! revision history before 2012 removed, ! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to ! all variable declaration statements ! ! 1221 2013-09-10 08:59:13Z raasch ! wall_flags_00 introduced to hold bits 32-63, ! additional 3D-flag arrays for replacing the 2D-index array nzb_s_inner in ! loops optimized for openACC (pres + flow_statistics) ! ! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch ! unused variables removed ! ! 1069 2012-11-28 16:18:43Z maronga ! bugfix: added coupling_char to TOPOGRAPHY_DATA to allow topography in the ! ocean model in case of coupled runs ! ! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch ! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9) ! ! 1015 2012-09-27 09:23:24Z raasch ! lower index for calculating wall_flags_0 set to nzb_w_inner instead of ! nzb_w_inner+1 ! ! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch ! little reformatting ! ! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke ! Bugfix: nzb_max is set to nzt at non-cyclic lateral boundaries ! Bugfix: Set wall_flags_0 for inflow boundary ! ! 927 2012-06-06 19:15:04Z raasch ! Wall flags are not set for multigrid method in case of masking method ! ! 864 2012-03-27 15:10:33Z gryschka ! In case of ocean and Dirichlet bottom bc for u and v dzu_mg and ddzu_pres ! were not correctly defined for k=1. ! ! 861 2012-03-26 14:18:34Z suehring ! Set wall_flags_0. The array is needed for degradation in ws-scheme near walls, ! inflow and outflow boundaries as well as near the bottom and the top of the ! model domain.! ! Initialization of nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner. ! gls has to be at least nbgp to do not exceed the array bounds of nzb_local ! while setting wall_flags_0 ! ! 843 2012-02-29 15:16:21Z gryschka ! In case of ocean and dirichlet bc for u and v at the bottom ! the first u-level ist defined at same height as the first w-level ! ! 818 2012-02-08 16:11:23Z maronga ! Bugfix: topo_height is only required if topography is used. It is thus now ! allocated in the topography branch ! ! 809 2012-01-30 13:32:58Z maronga ! Bugfix: replaced .AND. and .NOT. with && and ! in the preprocessor directives ! ! 807 2012-01-25 11:53:51Z maronga ! New cpp directive "__check" implemented which is used by check_namelist_files ! ! Revision 1.1 1997/08/11 06:17:45 raasch ! Initial revision (Testversion) ! ! ! Description: ! ------------ !> Creating grid depending constants !> To Do: Setting topo flags only based on topo_3d array - flags for former !> nzb_outer arrays are still not set properly. !> To Do: Rearrange topo flag list !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! SUBROUTINE init_grid USE advec_ws, & ONLY: ws_init_flags USE arrays_3d, & ONLY: dd2zu, ddzu, ddzu_pres, ddzw, dzu, dzu_mg, dzw, dzw_mg, f1_mg, & f2_mg, f3_mg, l_grid, l_wall, zu, zw USE control_parameters, & ONLY: bc_lr_cyc, bc_ns_cyc, building_height, building_length_x, & building_length_y, building_wall_left, building_wall_south, & canyon_height, canyon_wall_left, canyon_wall_south, & canyon_width_x, canyon_width_y, constant_flux_layer, & coupling_char, dp_level_ind_b, dz, dz_max, dz_stretch_factor, & dz_stretch_level, dz_stretch_level_index, grid_level, ibc_uv_b, & io_blocks, io_group, inflow_l, inflow_n, inflow_r, inflow_s, & lod, masking_method, maximum_grid_level, message_string, & momentum_advec, nest_domain, nest_bound_l, nest_bound_n, & nest_bound_r, nest_bound_s, ocean, outflow_l, outflow_n, & outflow_r, outflow_s, psolver, scalar_advec, topography, & topography_grid_convention, tunnel_height, tunnel_length, & tunnel_width_x, tunnel_width_y, tunnel_wall_depth, & use_surface_fluxes, use_top_fluxes, wall_adjustment_factor USE grid_variables, & ONLY: ddx, ddx2, ddy, ddy2, dx, dx2, dy, dy2, zu_s_inner, zw_w_inner USE indices, & ONLY: advc_flags_1, advc_flags_2, flags, nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxl_mg, & nxr, nxrg, nxr_mg, ny, nyn, nyng, nyn_mg, nys, nys_mg, nysg, nz,& nzb, nzb_diff, nzb_diff_s_inner, nzb_diff_s_outer, & nzb_max, nzb_s_inner, nzb_s_outer, nzb_u_inner, & nzb_u_outer, nzb_v_inner, nzb_v_outer, nzb_w_inner, & nzb_w_outer, nzt, nzt_mg, wall_flags_0, wall_flags_1, & wall_flags_10, wall_flags_2, wall_flags_3, wall_flags_4, & wall_flags_5, wall_flags_6, wall_flags_7, wall_flags_8, & wall_flags_9 USE kinds #if defined ( __netcdf ) USE netcdf_interface, & ONLY: netcdf_close_file, netcdf_open_read_file, netcdf_get_attribute, & netcdf_get_variable #endif USE pegrid USE surface_mod, & ONLY: init_bc IMPLICIT NONE INTEGER(iwp) :: bh !< temporary vertical index of building height INTEGER(iwp) :: blx !< grid point number of building size along x INTEGER(iwp) :: bly !< grid point number of building size along y INTEGER(iwp) :: bxl !< index for left building wall INTEGER(iwp) :: bxr !< index for right building wall INTEGER(iwp) :: byn !< index for north building wall INTEGER(iwp) :: bys !< index for south building wall INTEGER(iwp) :: ch !< temporary vertical index for canyon height INTEGER(iwp) :: cwx !< grid point number of canyon size along x INTEGER(iwp) :: cwy !< grid point number of canyon size along y INTEGER(iwp) :: cxl !< index for left canyon wall INTEGER(iwp) :: cxr !< index for right canyon wall INTEGER(iwp) :: cyn !< index for north canyon wall INTEGER(iwp) :: cys !< index for south canyon wall INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< index variable along x INTEGER(iwp) :: id_topo !< NetCDF id of topograhy input file INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop variable for reading topography file INTEGER(iwp) :: inc !< incremental parameter for coarsening grid level INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< index variable along y INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index variable along z INTEGER(iwp) :: k_top !< topography top index on local PE INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop variable INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_l !< index of left PE boundary for multigrid level INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_l !< index of right PE boundary for multigrid level INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_l !< index of north PE boundary for multigrid level INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_l !< index of south PE boundary for multigrid level INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_local_max !< vertical grid index of maximum topography height INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_local_min !< vertical grid index of minimum topography height INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_l !< index of top PE boundary for multigrid level INTEGER(iwp) :: num_hole !< number of holes (in topography) resolved by only one grid point INTEGER(iwp) :: num_hole_l !< number of holes (in topography) resolved by only one grid point on local PE INTEGER(iwp) :: num_wall !< number of surrounding vertical walls for a single grid point INTEGER(iwp) :: skip_n_rows !< counting variable to skip rows while reading topography file INTEGER(iwp) :: hv_in !< heavyside function to model inner tunnel surface INTEGER(iwp) :: hv_out !< heavyside function to model outer tunnel surface INTEGER(iwp) :: txe_out !< end position of outer tunnel wall in x INTEGER(iwp) :: txs_out !< start position of outer tunnel wall in x INTEGER(iwp) :: tye_out !< end position of outer tunnel wall in y INTEGER(iwp) :: tys_out !< start position of outer tunnel wall in y INTEGER(iwp) :: txe_in !< end position of inner tunnel wall in x INTEGER(iwp) :: txs_in !< start position of inner tunnel wall in x INTEGER(iwp) :: tye_in !< end position of inner tunnel wall in y INTEGER(iwp) :: tys_in !< start position of inner tunnel wall in y INTEGER(iwp) :: td !< tunnel wall depth INTEGER(iwp) :: th !< height of outer tunnel wall INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nzb_local !< index for topography top at cell-center INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nzb_tmp !< dummy to calculate topography indices on u- and v-grid INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: topo_3d !< input array for 3D topography and dummy array for setting "outer"-flags LOGICAL :: netcdf_extend = .FALSE. !< Flag indicating wether netcdf topography input file or not REAL(wp) :: dum !< dummy variable to skip columns while reading topography file REAL(wp) :: dz_stretched !< stretched vertical grid spacing REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: oro_height !< input variable for terrain height REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: topo_height !< input variable for topography height INTEGER( KIND=1 ), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: topo_3d_read !< input variable for 3D topography ! !-- Calculation of horizontal array bounds including ghost layers nxlg = nxl - nbgp nxrg = nxr + nbgp nysg = nys - nbgp nyng = nyn + nbgp ! !-- Allocate grid arrays ALLOCATE( ddzu(1:nzt+1), ddzw(1:nzt+1), dd2zu(1:nzt), dzu(1:nzt+1), & dzw(1:nzt+1), l_grid(1:nzt), zu(nzb:nzt+1), zw(nzb:nzt+1) ) ! !-- Compute height of u-levels from constant grid length and dz stretch factors IF ( dz == -1.0_wp ) THEN message_string = 'missing dz' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0200', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ELSEIF ( dz <= 0.0_wp ) THEN WRITE( message_string, * ) 'dz=',dz,' <= 0.0' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0201', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF ! !-- Define the vertical grid levels IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN ! !-- Grid for atmosphere with surface at z=0 (k=0, w-grid). !-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the !-- Prandtl-layer. IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2 ) THEN zu(0) = 0.0_wp ! zu(0) = - dz * 0.5_wp ELSE zu(0) = - dz * 0.5_wp ENDIF zu(1) = dz * 0.5_wp dz_stretch_level_index = nzt+1 dz_stretched = dz DO k = 2, nzt+1 IF ( dz_stretch_level <= zu(k-1) .AND. dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max ) IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == nzt+1 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k-1 ENDIF zu(k) = zu(k-1) + dz_stretched ENDDO ! !-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the !-- corresponding u-levels. In case of dirichlet bc for u and v at the !-- ground the first u- and w-level (k=0) are defined at same height (z=0). !-- The top w-level is extrapolated linearly. zw(0) = 0.0_wp DO k = 1, nzt zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5_wp ENDDO zw(nzt+1) = zw(nzt) + 2.0_wp * ( zu(nzt+1) - zw(nzt) ) ELSE ! !-- Grid for ocean with free water surface is at k=nzt (w-grid). !-- In case of neumann bc at the ground the first first u-level (k=0) lies !-- below the first w-level (k=0). In case of dirichlet bc the first u- and !-- w-level are defined at same height, but staggered from the second level. !-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the Prandtl-layer. zu(nzt+1) = dz * 0.5_wp zu(nzt) = - dz * 0.5_wp dz_stretch_level_index = 0 dz_stretched = dz DO k = nzt-1, 0, -1 ! !-- The default value of dz_stretch_level is positive, thus the first !-- condition is always true. Hence, the second condition is necessary. IF ( dz_stretch_level >= zu(k+1) .AND. dz_stretch_level <= 0.0 & .AND. dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max ) IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == 0 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k+1 ENDIF zu(k) = zu(k+1) - dz_stretched ENDDO ! !-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the !-- corresponding u-levels, except in case of dirichlet bc for u and v !-- at the ground. In this case the first u- and w-level are defined at !-- same height. The top w-level (nzt+1) is not used but set for !-- consistency, since w and all scalar variables are defined up tp nzt+1. zw(nzt+1) = dz zw(nzt) = 0.0_wp DO k = 0, nzt zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5_wp ENDDO ! !-- In case of dirichlet bc for u and v the first u- and w-level are defined !-- at same height. IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN zu(0) = zw(0) ENDIF ENDIF ! !-- Compute grid lengths. DO k = 1, nzt+1 dzu(k) = zu(k) - zu(k-1) ddzu(k) = 1.0_wp / dzu(k) dzw(k) = zw(k) - zw(k-1) ddzw(k) = 1.0_wp / dzw(k) ENDDO DO k = 1, nzt dd2zu(k) = 1.0_wp / ( dzu(k) + dzu(k+1) ) ENDDO ! !-- The FFT- SOR-pressure solvers assume grid spacings of a staggered grid !-- everywhere. For the actual grid, the grid spacing at the lowest level !-- is only dz/2, but should be dz. Therefore, an additional array !-- containing with appropriate grid information is created for these !-- solvers. IF ( psolver(1:9) /= 'multigrid' ) THEN ALLOCATE( ddzu_pres(1:nzt+1) ) ddzu_pres = ddzu ddzu_pres(1) = ddzu_pres(2) ! change for lowest level ENDIF ! !-- Compute the reciprocal values of the horizontal grid lengths. ddx = 1.0_wp / dx ddy = 1.0_wp / dy dx2 = dx * dx dy2 = dy * dy ddx2 = 1.0_wp / dx2 ddy2 = 1.0_wp / dy2 ! !-- Compute the grid-dependent mixing length. DO k = 1, nzt l_grid(k) = ( dx * dy * dzw(k) )**0.33333333333333_wp ENDDO ! !-- Allocate outer and inner index arrays for topography and set !-- defaults. ALLOCATE( nzb_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & nzb_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & nzb_u_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & nzb_u_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & nzb_v_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & nzb_v_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & nzb_w_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & nzb_w_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & nzb_diff_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & nzb_diff_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & nzb_local(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & nzb_tmp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) ALLOCATE( topo_3d(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) topo_3d = 0 ALLOCATE( l_wall(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) nzb_s_inner = nzb; nzb_s_outer = nzb nzb_u_inner = nzb; nzb_u_outer = nzb nzb_v_inner = nzb; nzb_v_outer = nzb nzb_w_inner = nzb; nzb_w_outer = nzb ! !-- Define vertical gridpoint from (or to) which on the usual finite difference !-- form (which does not use surface fluxes) is applied IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN nzb_diff = nzb + 2 ELSE nzb_diff = nzb + 1 ENDIF nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_diff; nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_diff ! !-- Initialize near-wall mixing length l_wall only in the vertical direction !-- for the moment, !-- multiplication with wall_adjustment_factor near the end of this routine l_wall(nzb,:,:) = l_grid(1) DO k = nzb+1, nzt l_wall(k,:,:) = l_grid(k) ENDDO l_wall(nzt+1,:,:) = l_grid(nzt) DO k = 1, nzt IF ( l_grid(k) > 1.5_wp * dx * wall_adjustment_factor .OR. & l_grid(k) > 1.5_wp * dy * wall_adjustment_factor ) THEN WRITE( message_string, * ) 'grid anisotropy exceeds ', & 'threshold given by only local', & ' &horizontal reduction of near_wall ', & 'mixing length l_wall', & ' &starting from height level k = ', k, '.' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0202', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 ) EXIT ENDIF ENDDO ! !-- Set outer and inner index arrays for non-flat topography. !-- Here consistency checks concerning domain size and periodicity are !-- necessary. !-- Within this SELECT CASE structure only nzb_local is initialized !-- individually depending on the chosen topography type, all other index !-- arrays are initialized further below. SELECT CASE ( TRIM( topography ) ) CASE ( 'flat' ) ! !-- nzb_local is required for the multigrid solver nzb_local = 0 ! !-- Initialilize 3D topography array, used later for initializing flags topo_3d(nzb+1:nzt+1,:,:) = IBSET( topo_3d(nzb+1:nzt+1,:,:), 0 ) ! !-- level of detail is required for output routines lod = 1 CASE ( 'single_building' ) ! !-- Single rectangular building, by default centered in the middle of the !-- total domain blx = NINT( building_length_x / dx ) bly = NINT( building_length_y / dy ) bh = MINLOC( ABS( zw - building_height ), 1 ) - 1 IF ( ABS( zw(bh) - building_height ) == & ABS( zw(bh+1) - building_height ) ) bh = bh + 1 IF ( building_wall_left == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN building_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - blx ) / 2 * dx ENDIF bxl = NINT( building_wall_left / dx ) bxr = bxl + blx IF ( building_wall_south == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN building_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - bly ) / 2 * dy ENDIF bys = NINT( building_wall_south / dy ) byn = bys + bly ! !-- Building size has to meet some requirements IF ( ( bxl < 1 ) .OR. ( bxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( bxr < bxl+3 ) .OR. & ( bys < 1 ) .OR. ( byn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( byn < bys+3 ) ) THEN WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent building parameters:', & '& bxl=', bxl, 'bxr=', bxr, 'bys=', bys, & 'byn=', byn, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0203', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF ! !-- Define the building. nzb_local = 0 IF ( bxl <= nxr .AND. bxr >= nxl .AND. & bys <= nyn .AND. byn >= nys ) & nzb_local(MAX(nys,bys):MIN(nyn,byn),MAX(nxl,bxl):MIN(nxr,bxr)) = bh CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_local, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) ! !-- Set bit array to mask topography DO i = nxlg, nxrg DO j = nysg, nyng topo_3d(nzb_local(j,i)+1:nzt+1,j,i) = & IBSET( topo_3d(nzb_local(j,i)+1:nzt+1,j,i), 0 ) ENDDO ENDDO ! !-- level of detail is required for output routines. Here, 2D topography. lod = 1 CALL exchange_horiz_int( topo_3d, nbgp ) CASE ( 'single_street_canyon' ) ! !-- Single quasi-2D street canyon of infinite length in x or y direction. !-- The canyon is centered in the other direction by default. IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN ! !-- Street canyon in y direction cwx = NINT( canyon_width_x / dx ) IF ( canyon_wall_left == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN canyon_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - cwx ) / 2 * dx ENDIF cxl = NINT( canyon_wall_left / dx ) cxr = cxl + cwx ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN ! !-- Street canyon in x direction cwy = NINT( canyon_width_y / dy ) IF ( canyon_wall_south == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN canyon_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - cwy ) / 2 * dy ENDIF cys = NINT( canyon_wall_south / dy ) cyn = cys + cwy ELSE message_string = 'no street canyon width given' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0204', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF ch = MINLOC( ABS( zw - canyon_height ), 1 ) - 1 IF ( ABS( zw(ch) - canyon_height ) == & ABS( zw(ch+1) - canyon_height ) ) ch = ch + 1 dp_level_ind_b = ch ! !-- Street canyon size has to meet some requirements IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN IF ( ( cxl < 1 ) .OR. ( cxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( cwx < 3 ) .OR. & ( ch < 3 ) ) THEN WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', & '&cxl=', cxl, 'cxr=', cxr, & 'cwx=', cwx, & 'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0205', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN IF ( ( cys < 1 ) .OR. ( cyn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( cwy < 3 ) .OR. & ( ch < 3 ) ) THEN WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', & '&cys=', cys, 'cyn=', cyn, & 'cwy=', cwy, & 'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0206', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF ENDIF IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. & canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN message_string = 'inconsistent canyon parameters:' // & '&street canyon can only be oriented' // & '&either in x- or in y-direction' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0207', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF nzb_local = ch IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN IF ( cxl <= nxr .AND. cxr >= nxl ) & nzb_local(:,MAX(nxl,cxl+1):MIN(nxr,cxr-1)) = 0 ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN IF ( cys <= nyn .AND. cyn >= nys ) & nzb_local(MAX(nys,cys+1):MIN(nyn,cyn-1),:) = 0 ENDIF CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_local, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) ! !-- Set bit array to mask topography DO i = nxlg, nxrg DO j = nysg, nyng topo_3d(nzb_local(j,i)+1:nzt+1,j,i) = & IBSET( topo_3d(nzb_local(j,i)+1:nzt+1,j,i), 0 ) ENDDO ENDDO ! !-- level of detail is required for output routines. Here, 2D topography. lod = 1 CALL exchange_horiz_int( topo_3d, nbgp ) CASE ( 'tunnel' ) ! !-- Tunnel height IF ( tunnel_height == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN th = zw( INT( 0.2 * nz) ) ELSE th = tunnel_height ENDIF ! !-- Tunnel-wall depth IF ( tunnel_wall_depth == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN td = MAX ( dx, dy, dz ) ELSE td = tunnel_wall_depth ENDIF ! !-- Check for tunnel width IF ( tunnel_width_x == 9999999.9_wp .AND. & tunnel_width_y == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN message_string = 'No tunnel width is given. ' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0280', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF IF ( tunnel_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. & tunnel_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN message_string = 'Inconsistent tunnel parameters:' // & 'tunnel can only be oriented' // & 'either in x- or in y-direction.' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0281', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF ! !-- Tunnel axis along y IF ( tunnel_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN IF ( tunnel_width_x > ( nx + 1 ) * dx ) THEN message_string = 'Tunnel width too large' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0282', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF txs_out = INT( ( nx + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dx - tunnel_width_x * 0.5_wp ) txe_out = INT( ( nx + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dx + tunnel_width_x * 0.5_wp ) txs_in = INT( ( nx + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dx - & ( tunnel_width_x * 0.5_wp - td ) ) txe_in = INT( ( nx + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dx + & ( tunnel_width_x * 0.5_wp - td ) ) tys_out = INT( ( ny + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dy - tunnel_length * 0.5_wp ) tye_out = INT( ( ny + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dy + tunnel_length * 0.5_wp ) tys_in = tys_out tye_in = tye_out ENDIF IF ( tunnel_width_x /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. & tunnel_width_x - 2.0_wp * tunnel_wall_depth <= 2.0_wp * dx ) THEN message_string = 'Tunnel width too small' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0175', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF IF ( tunnel_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. & tunnel_width_y - 2.0_wp * tunnel_wall_depth <= 2.0_wp * dy ) THEN message_string = 'Tunnel width too small' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0455', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF ! !-- Tunnel axis along x IF ( tunnel_width_y /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN IF ( tunnel_width_y > ( ny + 1 ) * dy ) THEN message_string = 'Tunnel width too large' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0456', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF txs_out = INT( ( nx + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dx - tunnel_length * 0.5_wp ) txe_out = INT( ( nx + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dx + tunnel_length * 0.5_wp ) txs_in = txs_out txe_in = txe_out tys_out = INT( ( ny + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dy - tunnel_width_y * 0.5_wp ) tye_out = INT( ( ny + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dy + tunnel_width_y * 0.5_wp ) tys_in = INT( ( ny + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dy - & ( tunnel_width_y * 0.5_wp - td ) ) tye_in = INT( ( ny + 1 ) * 0.5_wp * dy + & ( tunnel_width_y * 0.5_wp - td ) ) ENDIF topo_3d = 0 DO i = nxl, nxr DO j = nys, nyn ! !-- Use heaviside function to model outer tunnel surface hv_out = th * 0.5_wp * & ( ( SIGN( 1.0_wp, i * dx - txs_out ) + 1.0_wp ) & - ( SIGN( 1.0_wp, i * dx - txe_out ) + 1.0_wp ) ) hv_out = hv_out * 0.5_wp * & ( ( SIGN( 1.0_wp, j * dy - tys_out ) + 1.0_wp ) & - ( SIGN( 1.0_wp, j * dy - tye_out ) + 1.0_wp ) ) ! !-- Use heaviside function to model inner tunnel surface hv_in = ( th - td ) * 0.5_wp * & ( ( SIGN( 1.0_wp, i * dx - txs_in ) + 1.0_wp ) & - ( SIGN( 1.0_wp, i * dx - txe_in ) + 1.0_wp ) ) hv_in = hv_in * 0.5_wp * & ( ( SIGN( 1.0_wp, j * dy - tys_in ) + 1.0_wp ) & - ( SIGN( 1.0_wp, j * dy - tye_in ) + 1.0_wp ) ) ! !-- Set flags at x-y-positions without any tunnel surface IF ( hv_out - hv_in == 0.0_wp ) THEN topo_3d(nzb+1:nzt+1,j,i) = IBSET( topo_3d(nzb+1:nzt+1,j,i), 0 ) ! !-- Set flags at x-y-positions with tunnel surfaces ELSE DO k = nzb + 1, nzt + 1 ! !-- Inner tunnel IF ( hv_out - hv_in == th ) THEN IF ( zw(k) <= hv_out ) THEN topo_3d(k,j,i) = IBCLR( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) ELSE topo_3d(k,j,i) = IBSET( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) ENDIF ENDIF ! !-- Lateral tunnel walls IF ( hv_out - hv_in == td ) THEN IF ( zw(k) <= hv_in ) THEN topo_3d(k,j,i) = IBSET( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) ELSEIF ( zw(k) > hv_in .AND. zw(k) <= hv_out ) THEN topo_3d(k,j,i) = IBCLR( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) ELSEIF ( zw(k) > hv_out ) THEN topo_3d(k,j,i) = IBSET( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) ENDIF ENDIF ENDDO ENDIF ENDDO ENDDO nzb_local = 0 ! !-- level of detail is required for output routines. Here, 3D topography. lod = 2 CALL exchange_horiz_int( topo_3d, nbgp ) CASE ( 'read_from_file' ) ALLOCATE ( oro_height(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) ) ALLOCATE ( topo_height(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) ) oro_height = 0.0_wp topo_height = 0.0_wp DO ii = 0, io_blocks-1 IF ( ii == io_group ) THEN ! !-- Arbitrary irregular topography data in PALM format (exactly !-- matching the grid size and total domain size). !-- First, check if NetCDF file for topography exist or not. !-- This case, read topography from NetCDF, else read it from !-- ASCII file. #if defined ( __netcdf ) INQUIRE( FILE='TOPOGRAPHY_DATA_NC'//TRIM( coupling_char ), & EXIST=netcdf_extend ) ! !-- NetCDF branch IF ( netcdf_extend ) THEN ! !-- Open file in read-only mode CALL netcdf_open_read_file( 'TOPOGRAPHY_DATA_NC', & id_topo, 20 ) !Error number still need to be set properly ! !-- Read terrain height. Reading is done PE-wise, i.e. each !-- processor reads its own domain. Reading is realized !-- via looping over x-dimension, i.e. calling !-- netcdf_get_variable reads topography along y for given x. !-- Orography is 2D. DO i = nxl, nxr CALL netcdf_get_variable( id_topo, 'orography_0', & i, oro_height(:,i), 20 ) !Error number still need to be set properly ENDDO ! !-- Read attribute lod (level of detail), required for variable !-- buildings_0 CALL netcdf_get_attribute( id_topo, "lod", lod, .FALSE., & 20, 'buildings_0' ) !Error number still need to be set properly ! !-- Read building height !-- 2D for lod = 1, 3D for lod = 2 IF ( lod == 1 ) THEN DO i = nxl, nxr CALL netcdf_get_variable( id_topo, 'buildings_0', & i, topo_height(:,i), 20 ) !Error number still need to be set properly ENDDO ELSEIF ( lod == 2 ) THEN ! !-- Allocate 1-byte integer dummy array to read 3D topography ALLOCATE( topo_3d_read(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) ! !-- Read data PE-wise. Read yz-slices. DO i = nxl, nxr DO j = nys, nyn CALL netcdf_get_variable( id_topo, 'buildings_0', & i, j, topo_3d_read(:,j,i), 20 ) !Error number still need to be set properly ENDDO ENDDO ELSE message_string = 'NetCDF attribute lod ' // & '(level of detail) is not set properly.' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0457', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF ! !-- On file, 3D topography grid points is classified with 1, !-- atmosphere is classified with 0, contrary to the internal !-- treatment. Hence, conversion is required. Moreover, set !-- topography array to zero at lowest grid level. topo_3d = MERGE( 0, 1, topo_3d_read == 1 ) topo_3d(nzb,:,:) = 0 ! !-- Deallocate dummy array DEALLOCATE( topo_3d_read ) ! !-- Close topography input file CALL netcdf_close_file( id_topo, 20 ) #endif ! !-- ASCII branch. Please note, reading of 3D topography is not !-- supported in ASCII format. Further, no distinction is made !-- between orography and buildings ELSE OPEN( 90, FILE='TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'//TRIM( coupling_char ), & STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', ERR=10 ) ! !-- Read topography PE-wise. Rows are read from nyn to nys, columns !-- are read from nxl to nxr. At first, ny-nyn rows need to be skipped. skip_n_rows = 0 DO WHILE ( skip_n_rows < ny - nyn ) READ( 90, * ) skip_n_rows = skip_n_rows + 1 ENDDO ! !-- Read data from nyn to nys and nxl to nxr. Therefore, skip !-- column until nxl-1 is reached DO j = nyn, nys, -1 READ( 90, *, ERR=11, END=11 ) & ( dum, i = 0, nxl-1 ), & ( topo_height(j,i), i = nxl, nxr ) ENDDO GOTO 12 10 message_string = 'file TOPOGRAPHY'//TRIM( coupling_char )// & ' does not exist' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0208', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) 11 message_string = 'errors in file TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'// & TRIM( coupling_char ) CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0209', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) 12 CLOSE( 90 ) ENDIF ENDIF #if defined( __parallel ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr ) #endif ENDDO ! !-- Calculate the index height of the topography nzb_local = 0 DO i = nxl, nxr DO j = nys, nyn IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN nzb_local(j,i) = MINLOC( ABS( zw - topo_height(j,i) & - oro_height(j,i) ), 1 ) - 1 IF ( ABS( zw(nzb_local(j,i) ) - topo_height(j,i) & - oro_height(j,i) ) == & ABS( zw(nzb_local(j,i)+1) - topo_height(j,i) & - oro_height(j,i) ) ) & nzb_local(j,i) = nzb_local(j,i) + 1 ELSE nzb_local(j,i) = MINLOC( ABS( zw - zw(0) & - topo_height(j,i) & - oro_height(j,i) ), 1 ) - 1 IF ( ABS( zw(nzb_local(j,i) ) - zw(0) & - topo_height(j,i) & - oro_height(j,i) ) == & ABS( zw(nzb_local(j,i)+1) - zw(0) & - topo_height(j,i) & - oro_height(j,i) ) ) & nzb_local(j,i) = nzb_local(j,i) + 1 ENDIF ENDDO ENDDO DEALLOCATE ( oro_height ) DEALLOCATE ( topo_height ) ! !-- Filter topography, i.e. fill holes resolved by only one grid point. !-- Such holes are suspected to lead to velocity blow-ups as continuity !-- equation on discrete grid cannot be fulfilled in such case. !-- For now, check only for holes and fill them to the lowest height level !-- of the directly adjoining grid points along x- and y- direction. !-- Before checking for holes, set lateral boundary conditions for !-- topography. After hole-filling, boundary conditions must be set again! CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_local, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) IF ( .NOT. bc_ns_cyc ) THEN IF ( nys == 0 ) nzb_local(-1,:) = nzb_local(0,:) IF ( nyn == ny ) nzb_local(ny+1,:) = nzb_local(ny,:) ENDIF IF ( .NOT. bc_lr_cyc ) THEN IF ( nxl == 0 ) nzb_local(:,-1) = nzb_local(:,0) IF ( nxr == nx ) nzb_local(:,nx+1) = nzb_local(:,nx) ENDIF num_hole_l = 0 DO i = nxl, nxr DO j = nys, nyn num_wall = 0 IF ( nzb_local(j-1,i) > nzb_local(j,i) ) & num_wall = num_wall + 1 IF ( nzb_local(j+1,i) > nzb_local(j,i) ) & num_wall = num_wall + 1 IF ( nzb_local(j,i-1) > nzb_local(j,i) ) & num_wall = num_wall + 1 IF ( nzb_local(j,i+1) > nzb_local(j,i) ) & num_wall = num_wall + 1 IF ( num_wall == 4 ) THEN nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j-1,i), nzb_local(j+1,i), & nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i+1) ) num_hole_l = num_hole_l + 1 ENDIF ENDDO ENDDO ! !-- Count the total number of holes, required for informative message. #if defined( __parallel ) CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( num_hole_l, num_hole, 1, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, & comm2d, ierr ) #else num_hole = num_hole_l #endif ! !-- Create an informative message if any hole was removed. IF ( num_hole > 0 ) THEN WRITE( message_string, * ) num_hole, 'hole(s) resolved by only '//& 'one grid point were filled' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0430', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF ! !-- Set bit array to mask topography. Only required for lod = 1 IF ( lod == 1 ) THEN DO i = nxlg, nxrg DO j = nysg, nyng topo_3d(nzb_local(j,i)+1:nzt+1,j,i) = & IBSET( topo_3d(nzb_local(j,i)+1:nzt+1,j,i), 0 ) ENDDO ENDDO ENDIF ! !-- Exchange ghost-points, as well as add cyclic or Neumann boundary !-- conditions. CALL exchange_horiz_int( topo_3d, nbgp ) CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_local, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) IF ( .NOT. bc_ns_cyc ) THEN IF ( nys == 0 ) topo_3d(:,-1,:) = topo_3d(:,0,:) IF ( nyn == ny ) topo_3d(:,ny+1,:) = topo_3d(:,ny,:) IF ( nys == 0 ) nzb_local(-1,:) = nzb_local(0,:) IF ( nyn == ny ) nzb_local(ny+1,:) = nzb_local(ny,:) ENDIF IF ( .NOT. bc_lr_cyc ) THEN IF ( nxl == 0 ) topo_3d(:,:,-1) = topo_3d(:,:,0) IF ( nxr == nx ) topo_3d(:,:,nx+1) = topo_3d(:,:,nx) IF ( nxl == 0 ) nzb_local(:,-1) = nzb_local(:,0) IF ( nxr == nx ) nzb_local(:,nx+1) = nzb_local(:,nx) ENDIF CASE DEFAULT ! !-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter topography !-- contains a wrong character string or if the user has defined a special !-- case in the user interface. There, the subroutine user_init_grid !-- checks which of these two conditions applies. CALL user_init_grid( topo_3d ) END SELECT ! !-- Consistency checks and index array initialization are only required for !-- non-flat topography, also the initialization of topography height arrays !-- zu_s_inner and zw_w_inner IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN #if defined( __parallel ) CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MAXVAL( nzb_local ), nzb_local_max, 1, MPI_INTEGER, & MPI_MAX, comm2d, ierr ) CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MINVAL( nzb_local ), nzb_local_min, 1, MPI_INTEGER, & MPI_MIN, comm2d, ierr ) #else nzb_local_max = MAXVAL( nzb_local ) nzb_local_min = MINVAL( nzb_local ) #endif ! !-- Consistency checks IF ( nzb_local_min < 0 .OR. nzb_local_max > nz + 1 ) THEN WRITE( message_string, * ) 'nzb_local values are outside the', & 'model domain', & '&MINVAL( nzb_local ) = ', nzb_local_min, & '&MAXVAL( nzb_local ) = ', nzb_local_max CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0210', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF ! !-- In case of non-flat topography, check whether the convention how to !-- define the topography grid has been set correctly, or whether the default !-- is applicable. If this is not possible, abort. IF ( TRIM( topography_grid_convention ) == ' ' ) THEN IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'single_building' .AND. & TRIM( topography ) /= 'single_street_canyon' .AND. & TRIM( topography ) /= 'tunnel' .AND. & TRIM( topography ) /= 'read_from_file') THEN !-- The default value is not applicable here, because it is only valid !-- for the two standard cases 'single_building' and 'read_from_file' !-- defined in init_grid. WRITE( message_string, * ) & 'The value for "topography_grid_convention" ', & 'is not set. Its default value is & only valid for ', & '"topography" = ''single_building'', ', & '''single_street_canyon'' & or ''read_from_file''.', & ' & Choose ''cell_edge'' or ''cell_center''.' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0239', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ELSE !-- The default value is applicable here. !-- Set convention according to topography. IF ( TRIM( topography ) == 'single_building' .OR. & TRIM( topography ) == 'single_street_canyon' ) THEN topography_grid_convention = 'cell_edge' ELSEIF ( TRIM( topography ) == 'read_from_file' .OR. & TRIM( topography ) == 'tunnel') THEN topography_grid_convention = 'cell_center' ENDIF ENDIF ELSEIF ( TRIM( topography_grid_convention ) /= 'cell_edge' .AND. & TRIM( topography_grid_convention ) /= 'cell_center' ) THEN WRITE( message_string, * ) & 'The value for "topography_grid_convention" is ', & 'not recognized. & Choose ''cell_edge'' or ''cell_center''.' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0240', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF ! !-- In case of non-flat topography, check whether the convention how to !-- define the topography grid has been set correctly, or whether the default !-- is applicable. If this is not possible, abort. IF ( TRIM( topography_grid_convention ) == ' ' ) THEN IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'single_building' .AND. & TRIM( topography ) /= 'single_street_canyon' .AND. & TRIM( topography ) /= 'read_from_file' ) THEN !-- The default value is not applicable here, because it is only valid !-- for the two standard cases 'single_building' and 'read_from_file' !-- defined in init_grid. WRITE( message_string, * ) & 'The value for "topography_grid_convention" ', & 'is not set. Its default value is & only valid for ', & '"topography" = ''single_building'', ', & '''single_street_canyon'' & or ''read_from_file''.', & ' & Choose ''cell_edge'' or ''cell_center''.' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0239', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ELSE !-- The default value is applicable here. !-- Set convention according to topography. IF ( TRIM( topography ) == 'single_building' .OR. & TRIM( topography ) == 'single_street_canyon' ) THEN topography_grid_convention = 'cell_edge' ELSEIF ( TRIM( topography ) == 'read_from_file' ) THEN topography_grid_convention = 'cell_center' ENDIF ENDIF ELSEIF ( TRIM( topography_grid_convention ) /= 'cell_edge' .AND. & TRIM( topography_grid_convention ) /= 'cell_center' ) THEN WRITE( message_string, * ) & 'The value for "topography_grid_convention" is ', & 'not recognized. & Choose ''cell_edge'' or ''cell_center''.' CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0240', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) ENDIF IF ( topography_grid_convention == 'cell_edge' ) THEN ! !-- The array nzb_local as defined using the 'cell_edge' convention !-- describes the actual total size of topography which is defined at the !-- cell edges where u=0 on the topography walls in x-direction and v=0 !-- on the topography walls in y-direction. However, PALM uses individual !-- arrays nzb_u|v|w|s_inner|outer that are based on nzb_s_inner. !-- Therefore, the extent of topography in nzb_local is now reduced by !-- 1dx at the E topography walls and by 1dy at the N topography walls !-- to form the basis for nzb_s_inner. !-- Note, the reverse memory access (i-j instead of j-i) is absolutely !-- required at this point. DO j = nys+1, nyn+1 DO i = nxl-1, nxr nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j,i+1) ) ENDDO ENDDO ! !-- Exchange ghost points CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_local, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) DO i = nxl, nxr+1 DO j = nys-1, nyn nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j+1,i) ) ENDDO ENDDO ! !-- Exchange ghost points CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_local, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) ! !-- Apply cell-edge convention also for 3D topo array. The former setting !-- of nzb_local will be removed later. DO j = nys+1, nyn+1 DO i = nxl-1, nxr DO k = nzb, nzt+1 IF ( BTEST( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) .OR. & BTEST( topo_3d(k,j,i+1), 0 ) ) & topo_3d(k,j,i) = IBSET( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) ENDDO ENDDO ENDDO CALL exchange_horiz_int( topo_3d, nbgp ) DO i = nxl, nxr+1 DO j = nys-1, nyn DO k = nzb, nzt+1 IF ( BTEST( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) .OR. & BTEST( topo_3d(k,j+1,i), 0 ) ) & topo_3d(k,j,i) = IBSET( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) ENDDO ENDDO ENDDO CALL exchange_horiz_int( topo_3d, nbgp ) ENDIF ! !-- Initialize index arrays nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner nzb_s_inner = nzb_local nzb_w_inner = nzb_local ! !-- Initialize remaining index arrays: !-- first pre-initialize them with nzb_s_inner... nzb_u_inner = nzb_s_inner nzb_u_outer = nzb_s_inner nzb_v_inner = nzb_s_inner nzb_v_outer = nzb_s_inner nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_inner nzb_s_outer = nzb_s_inner ! !-- ...then extend pre-initialized arrays in their according directions !-- based on nzb_local using nzb_tmp as a temporary global index array ! !-- nzb_s_outer: !-- extend nzb_local east-/westwards first, then north-/southwards nzb_tmp = nzb_local DO j = nys, nyn DO i = nxl, nxr nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i), & nzb_local(j,i+1) ) ENDDO ENDDO CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_tmp, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) DO i = nxl, nxr DO j = nys, nyn nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), & nzb_tmp(j+1,i) ) ENDDO ! !-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of !-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions) IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN j = -1 nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) ) ENDIF IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN j = ny + 1 nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) ) ENDIF ENDDO ! !-- nzb_w_outer: !-- identical to nzb_s_outer nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_outer ! !-- nzb_u_inner: !-- extend nzb_local rightwards only nzb_tmp = nzb_local DO j = nys, nyn DO i = nxl, nxr nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i) ) ENDDO ENDDO CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_tmp, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) nzb_u_inner = nzb_tmp ! !-- nzb_u_outer: !-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_u_inner) north-/southwards DO i = nxl, nxr DO j = nys, nyn nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), & nzb_tmp(j+1,i) ) ENDDO ! !-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of !-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions) IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN j = -1 nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) ) ENDIF IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN j = ny + 1 nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) ) ENDIF ENDDO ! !-- nzb_v_inner: !-- extend nzb_local northwards only nzb_tmp = nzb_local DO i = nxl, nxr DO j = nys, nyn nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j-1,i), nzb_local(j,i) ) ENDDO ENDDO CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_tmp, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) nzb_v_inner = nzb_tmp ! !-- nzb_v_outer: !-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_v_inner) right-/leftwards DO j = nys, nyn DO i = nxl, nxr nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i), & nzb_tmp(j,i+1) ) ENDDO ! !-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of !-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions) IF ( nxl == 0 ) THEN i = -1 nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i+1), nzb_tmp(j,i) ) ENDIF IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN i = nx + 1 nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i) ) ENDIF ENDDO ! !-- Exchange of lateral boundary values (parallel computers) and cyclic !-- boundary conditions, if applicable. !-- Since nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner are derived directly from nzb_local !-- they do not require exchange and are not included here. CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_inner, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_outer, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_inner, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_outer, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_w_outer, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_s_outer, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp ) ENDIF ! !-- Deallocate temporary array, as it might be reused for different !-- grid-levels further below. DEALLOCATE( nzb_tmp ) ! !-- Determine the maximum level of topography. It is used for !-- steering the degradation of order of the applied advection scheme. !-- In case of non-cyclic lateral boundaries, the order of the advection !-- scheme has to be reduced up to nzt (required at the lateral boundaries). k_top = 0 DO i = nxl, nxr DO j = nys, nyn DO k = nzb, nzt + 1 k_top = MAX( k_top, MERGE( k, 0, & .NOT. BTEST( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) ) ) ENDDO ENDDO ENDDO #if defined( __parallel ) CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( k_top + 1, nzb_max, 1, MPI_INTEGER, & !is +1 really necessary here? MPI_MAX, comm2d, ierr ) #else nzb_max = k_top + 1 #endif IF ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. & inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. & nest_domain ) & THEN nzb_max = nzt ENDIF ! !-- Finally, if topography extents up to the model top, limit nzb_max to nzt. nzb_max = MIN( nzb_max, nzt ) ! !-- Set the individual index arrays which define the k index from which on !-- the usual finite difference form (which does not use surface fluxes) is !-- applied IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 2 nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 2 ELSE nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 1 nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 1 ENDIF ! !-- Set-up topography flags. First, set flags only for s, u, v and w-grid. !-- Further special flags will be set in following loops. wall_flags_0 = 0 DO j = nys, nyn DO i = nxl, nxr DO k = nzb, nzt+1 ! !-- scalar grid IF ( BTEST( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) ! !-- v grid IF ( BTEST( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) .AND. & BTEST( topo_3d(k,j-1,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) ! !-- To do: set outer arrays on basis of topo_3d array, adjust for downward-facing walls !-- s grid outer array IF ( k >= nzb_s_outer(j,i) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 24 ) ! !-- s grid outer array IF ( k >= nzb_u_outer(j,i) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 26 ) ! !-- s grid outer array IF ( k >= nzb_v_outer(j,i) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 ) ! !-- w grid outer array IF ( k >= nzb_w_outer(j,i) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 28 ) ENDDO DO k = nzb, nzt ! !-- w grid IF ( BTEST( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) .AND. & BTEST( topo_3d(k+1,j,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) ENDDO wall_flags_0(nzt+1,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(nzt+1,j,i), 3 ) ENDDO ENDDO ! !-- u grid. Note, reverse !-- memory access is required for setting flag on u-grid DO j = nys, nyn DO i = nxl, nxr DO k = nzb, nzt+1 IF ( BTEST( topo_3d(k,j,i), 0 ) .AND. & BTEST( topo_3d(k,j,i-1), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) ENDDO ENDDO ENDDO ! !-- Set further special flags DO i = nxl, nxr DO j = nys, nyn DO k = nzb, nzt+1 ! !-- scalar grid, former nzb_diff_s_inner. !-- Note, use this flag also to mask topography in diffusion_u and !-- diffusion_v along the vertical direction. In case of !-- use_surface_fluxes, fluxes are calculated via MOST, else, simple !-- gradient approach is applied. Please note, in case of u- and v- !-- diffuison, a small error is made at edges (on the east side for u, !-- at the north side for v), since topography on scalar grid point !-- is used instead of topography on u/v-grid. As number of topography grid !-- points on uv-grid is different than s-grid, different number of !-- surface elements would be required. In order to avoid this, !-- treat edges (u(k,j,i+1)) simply by a gradient approach, i.e. these !-- points are not masked within diffusion_u. Tests had shown that the !-- effect on the flow is negligible. IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 8 ) ELSE wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 8 ) ENDIF ENDDO ! !-- Special flag to control vertical diffusion at model top - former !-- nzt_diff wall_flags_0(:,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(:,j,i), 9 ) IF ( use_top_fluxes ) & wall_flags_0(nzt:nzt+1,j,i) = IBCLR( wall_flags_0(nzt:nzt+1,j,i), 9 ) DO k = nzb+1, nzt ! !-- Special flag on u grid, former nzb_u_inner + 1, required !-- for disturb_field and initialization. Do not disturb directly at !-- topography, as well as initialize u with zero one grid point outside !-- of topography. IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i), 1 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i), 1 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 20 ) ! !-- Special flag on v grid, former nzb_v_inner + 1, required !-- for disturb_field and initialization. Do not disturb directly at !-- topography, as well as initialize v with zero one grid point outside !-- of topography. IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i), 2 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i), 2 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 ) ! !-- Special flag on scalar grid, former nzb_s_inner+1. Used for !-- lpm_sgs_tke IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i), 0 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 25 ) ! !-- Special flag on scalar grid, nzb_diff_s_outer - 1, required in !-- in production_e IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 24 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i), 24 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 29 ) ELSE IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 29 ) ENDIF ! !-- Special flag on scalar grid, nzb_diff_s_outer - 1, required in !-- in production_e IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i), 0 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 ) ELSE IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 ) ENDIF ENDDO ! !-- Flags indicating downward facing walls DO k = nzb+1, nzt ! !-- Scalar grid IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i), 0 ) .AND. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 13 ) ! !-- Downward facing wall on u grid IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i), 1 ) .AND. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 15 ) ! !-- Downward facing wall on v grid IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i), 2 ) .AND. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 17 ) ! !-- Downward facing wall on w grid IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i), 3 ) .AND. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 19 ) ENDDO ! !-- Flags indicating upward facing walls DO k = nzb, nzt ! !-- Upward facing wall on scalar grid IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 ) ! !-- Upward facing wall on u grid IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i), 1 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 14 ) ! !-- Upward facing wall on v grid IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i), 2 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 16 ) ! !-- Upward facing wall on w grid IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i), 3 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 ) ! !-- Special flag on scalar grid, former nzb_s_inner IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) .OR. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 ) .OR. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 13 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 22 ) ! !-- Special flag on scalar grid, nzb_diff_s_inner - 1, required for !-- flow_statistics IF ( constant_flux_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) .AND. & BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i), 0 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 23 ) ELSE IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 22 ) ) & wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 23 ) ENDIF ENDDO wall_flags_0(nzt+1,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(nzt+1,j,i), 22 ) wall_flags_0(nzt+1,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(nzt+1,j,i), 23 ) ENDDO ENDDO ! !-- Exchange ghost points for wall flags CALL exchange_horiz_int( wall_flags_0, nbgp ) ! !-- Set boundary conditions also for flags. Can be interpreted as Neumann !-- boundary conditions for topography. IF ( .NOT. bc_ns_cyc ) THEN IF ( nys == 0 ) wall_flags_0(:,-1,:) = wall_flags_0(:,0,:) IF ( nyn == ny ) wall_flags_0(:,ny+1,:) = wall_flags_0(:,ny,:) ENDIF IF ( .NOT. bc_lr_cyc ) THEN IF ( nxl == 0 ) wall_flags_0(:,:,-1) = wall_flags_0(:,:,0) IF ( nxr == nx ) wall_flags_0(:,:,nx+1) = wall_flags_0(:,:,nx) ENDIF ! !-- Initialize boundary conditions via surface type CALL init_bc ! !-- Allocate and set topography height arrays required for data output IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN ! !-- Allocate and set the arrays containing the topography height IF ( nxr == nx .AND. nyn /= ny ) THEN ALLOCATE( zu_s_inner(nxl:nxr+1,nys:nyn), & zw_w_inner(nxl:nxr+1,nys:nyn) ) ELSEIF ( nxr /= nx .AND. nyn == ny ) THEN ALLOCATE( zu_s_inner(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn+1), & zw_w_inner(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn+1) ) ELSEIF ( nxr == nx .AND. nyn == ny ) THEN ALLOCATE( zu_s_inner(nxl:nxr+1,nys:nyn+1), & zw_w_inner(nxl:nxr+1,nys:nyn+1) ) ELSE ALLOCATE( zu_s_inner(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn), & zw_w_inner(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn) ) ENDIF zu_s_inner = 0.0_wp zw_w_inner = 0.0_wp ! !-- Determine local topography height on scalar and w-grid. Note, setting !-- lateral boundary values is not necessary, realized via wall_flags_0 !-- array. Further, please note that loop bounds are different from !-- nxl to nxr and nys to nyn on south and right model boundary, hence, !-- use intrinsic lbound and ubound functions to infer array bounds. DO i = lbound(zu_s_inner, 1), ubound(zu_s_inner, 1) DO j = lbound(zu_s_inner, 2), ubound(zu_s_inner, 2) ! !-- Topography height on scalar grid. Therefore, determine index of !-- upward-facing surface element on scalar grid (bit 12). zu_s_inner(i,j) = zu( MAXLOC( MERGE( & 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,i), 12 )& ), DIM = 1 & ) - 1 & ) ! !-- Topography height on w grid. Therefore, determine index of !-- upward-facing surface element on w grid (bit 18). zw_w_inner(i,j) = zw( MAXLOC( MERGE( & 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,i), 18 )& ), DIM = 1 & ) - 1 & ) ENDDO ENDDO ENDIF ! !-- Calculate wall flag arrays for the multigrid method. !-- Please note, wall flags are only applied in the not cache-optimized !-- version. IF ( psolver == 'multigrid_noopt' ) THEN ! !-- Gridpoint increment of the current level. inc = 1 DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1 , -1 ! !-- Set grid_level as it is required for exchange_horiz_2d_int grid_level = l nxl_l = nxl_mg(l) nxr_l = nxr_mg(l) nys_l = nys_mg(l) nyn_l = nyn_mg(l) nzt_l = nzt_mg(l) ! !-- Assign the flag level to be calculated SELECT CASE ( l ) CASE ( 1 ) flags => wall_flags_1 CASE ( 2 ) flags => wall_flags_2 CASE ( 3 ) flags => wall_flags_3 CASE ( 4 ) flags => wall_flags_4 CASE ( 5 ) flags => wall_flags_5 CASE ( 6 ) flags => wall_flags_6 CASE ( 7 ) flags => wall_flags_7 CASE ( 8 ) flags => wall_flags_8 CASE ( 9 ) flags => wall_flags_9 CASE ( 10 ) flags => wall_flags_10 END SELECT ! !-- Depending on the grid level, set the respective bits in case of !-- neighbouring walls !-- Bit 0: wall to the bottom !-- Bit 1: wall to the top (not realized in remaining PALM code so far) !-- Bit 2: wall to the south !-- Bit 3: wall to the north !-- Bit 4: wall to the left !-- Bit 5: wall to the right !-- Bit 6: inside building flags = 0 ! !-- In case of masking method, flags are not set and multigrid method !-- works like FFT-solver IF ( .NOT. masking_method ) THEN ! !-- Allocate temporary array for topography heights on coarser grid !-- level. Please note, 2 ghoist points are required, in order to !-- calculate flags() on the interior ghost point. ALLOCATE( nzb_tmp(nys_l-2:nyn_l+2,nxl_l-2:nxr_l+2) ) nzb_tmp = 0 DO i = nxl_l, nxr_l DO j = nys_l, nyn_l nzb_tmp(j,i) = nzb_local(j*inc,i*inc) ENDDO ENDDO ! !-- Exchange ghost points on respective multigrid level. 2 ghost points !-- are required, in order to calculate flags on !-- nys_l-1 / nyn_l+1 / nxl_l-1 / nxr_l+1. The alternative would be to !-- exchange 3D-INTEGER array flags on the respective multigrid level. CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_tmp, nys_l, nyn_l, nxl_l, nxr_l, 2 ) ! !-- Set non-cyclic boundary conditions on respective multigrid level IF ( .NOT. bc_ns_cyc ) THEN IF ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s .OR. nest_bound_s ) THEN nzb_tmp(-2,:) = nzb_tmp(0,:) nzb_tmp(-1,:) = nzb_tmp(0,:) ENDIF IF ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. nest_bound_n ) THEN nzb_tmp(nyn_l+2,:) = nzb_tmp(nyn_l,:) nzb_tmp(nyn_l+1,:) = nzb_tmp(nyn_l,:) ENDIF ENDIF IF ( .NOT. bc_lr_cyc ) THEN IF ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. nest_bound_l ) THEN nzb_tmp(:,-2) = nzb_tmp(:,0) nzb_tmp(:,-1) = nzb_tmp(:,0) ENDIF IF ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. nest_bound_r ) THEN nzb_tmp(:,nxr_l+1) = nzb_tmp(:,nxr_l) nzb_tmp(:,nxr_l+2) = nzb_tmp(:,nxr_l) ENDIF ENDIF DO i = nxl_l-1, nxr_l+1 DO j = nys_l-1, nyn_l+1 DO k = nzb, nzt_l+1 ! !-- Inside/outside building (inside building does not need !-- further tests for walls) IF ( k*inc <= nzb_tmp(j,i) ) THEN flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 6 ) ELSE ! !-- Bottom wall IF ( (k-1)*inc <= nzb_tmp(j,i) ) THEN flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 0 ) ENDIF ! !-- South wall IF ( k*inc <= nzb_tmp(j-1,i) ) THEN flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 2 ) ENDIF ! !-- North wall IF ( k*inc <= nzb_tmp(j+1,i) ) THEN flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 3 ) ENDIF ! !-- Left wall IF ( k*inc <= nzb_tmp(j,i-1) ) THEN flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 4 ) ENDIF ! !-- Right wall IF ( k*inc <= nzb_tmp(j,i+1) ) THEN flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 5 ) ENDIF ENDIF ENDDO ENDDO ENDDO DEALLOCATE( nzb_tmp ) ENDIF inc = inc * 2 ENDDO ! !-- Reset grid_level to "normal" grid grid_level = 0 ENDIF ! !-- Allocate flags needed for masking walls. Even though these flags are only !-- required in the ws-scheme, the arrays need to be allocated here as they are !-- used in OpenACC directives. ALLOCATE( advc_flags_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & advc_flags_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) advc_flags_1 = 0 advc_flags_2 = 0 ! !-- Init flags for ws-scheme to degrade order of the numerics near walls, i.e. !-- to decrease the numerical stencil appropriately. IF ( momentum_advec == 'ws-scheme' .OR. scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' & ) THEN CALL ws_init_flags ENDIF ! !-- In case of topography: limit near-wall mixing length l_wall further: !-- Go through all points of the subdomain one by one and look for the closest !-- surface DO i = nxl, nxr DO j = nys, nyn DO k = nzb+1, nzt ! !-- Check if current gridpoint belongs to the atmosphere IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) ) THEN ! !-- Check for neighbouring grid-points. !-- Vertical distance, down IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i), 0 ) ) & l_wall(k,j,i) = MIN( l_grid(k), zu(k) - zw(k-1) ) ! !-- Vertical distance, up IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i), 0 ) ) & l_wall(k,j,i) = MIN( l_grid(k), zw(k) - zu(k) ) ! !-- y-distance IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j-1,i), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j+1,i), 0 ) ) & l_wall(k,j,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i), l_grid(k), 0.5_wp * dy ) ! !-- x-distance IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i-1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i+1), 0 ) ) & l_wall(k,j,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i), l_grid(k), 0.5_wp * dx ) ! !-- yz-distance (vertical edges, down) IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j-1,i), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j+1,i), 0 ) ) & l_wall(k,j,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i), l_grid(k), & SQRT( 0.25_wp * dy**2 + & ( zu(k) - zw(k-1) )**2 ) ) ! !-- yz-distance (vertical edges, up) IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j-1,i), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j+1,i), 0 ) ) & l_wall(k,j,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i), l_grid(k), & SQRT( 0.25_wp * dy**2 + & ( zw(k) - zu(k) )**2 ) ) ! !-- xz-distance (vertical edges, down) IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i-1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j,i+1), 0 ) ) & l_wall(k,j,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i), l_grid(k), & SQRT( 0.25_wp * dx**2 + & ( zu(k) - zw(k-1) )**2 ) ) ! !-- xz-distance (vertical edges, up) IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i-1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j,i+1), 0 ) ) & l_wall(k,j,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i), l_grid(k), & SQRT( 0.25_wp * dx**2 + & ( zw(k) - zu(k) )**2 ) ) ! !-- xy-distance (horizontal edges) IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j-1,i-1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j+1,i-1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j-1,i+1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j+1,i+1), 0 ) ) & l_wall(k,j,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i), l_grid(k), & SQRT( 0.25_wp * ( dx**2 + dy**2 ) ) ) ! !-- xyz distance (vertical and horizontal edges, down) IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j-1,i-1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j+1,i-1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j-1,i+1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k-1,j+1,i+1), 0 ) ) & l_wall(k,j,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i), l_grid(k), & SQRT( 0.25_wp * ( dx**2 + dy**2 ) & + ( zu(k) - zw(k-1) )**2 ) ) ! !-- xyz distance (vertical and horizontal edges, up) IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j-1,i-1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j+1,i-1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j-1,i+1), 0 ) .OR. & .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k+1,j+1,i+1), 0 ) ) & l_wall(k,j,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i), l_grid(k), & SQRT( 0.25_wp * ( dx**2 + dy**2 ) & + ( zw(k) - zu(k) )**2 ) ) ENDIF ENDDO ENDDO ENDDO ! !-- Set lateral boundary conditions for l_wall CALL exchange_horiz( l_wall, nbgp ) END SUBROUTINE init_grid