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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/init_3d_model.f90 @ 709

Last change on this file since 709 was 709, checked in by raasch, 13 years ago
formatting adjustments
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
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1	#if defined( __ibmy_special )
2	@PROCESS NOOPTimize
3	#endif
4	SUBROUTINE init_3d_model
5
6	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
7	! Current revisions:
8	! -----------------
9	! formatting adjustments
10	!
11	! Former revisions:
12	! -----------------
13	! $Id: init_3d_model.f90 709 2011-03-30 09:31:40Z raasch $
14	!
15	! 707 2011-03-29 11:39:40Z raasch
16	! p_sub renamed p_loc and allocated depending on the chosen pressure solver,
17	! initial assignments of zero to array p for iterative solvers only,
18	! bc_lr/ns replaced by bc_lr/ns_dirrad/raddir
19	!
20	! 680 2011-02-04 23:16:06Z gryschka
21	! bugfix: volume_flow_control
22	!
23	! 673 2011-01-18 16:19:48Z suehring
24	! weight_substep (moved from advec_ws) and weight_pres added.
25	! Allocate p_sub when using Multigrid or SOR solver.
26	! Call of ws_init moved behind the if requests.
27	!
28	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
29	! nxl-1, nxr+1, nys-1, nyn+1 replaced by nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng in loops and
30	! allocation of arrays. Calls of exchange_horiz are modified.
31	! Call ws_init to initialize arrays needed for calculating statisticas and for
32	! optimization when ws-scheme is used.
33	! Initial volume flow is now calculated by using the variable hom_sum.
34	! Therefore the correction of initial volume flow for non-flat topography
35	! removed (removed u_nzb_p1_for_vfc and v_nzb_p1_for_vfc)
36	! Changed surface boundary conditions for u and v in case of ibc_uv_b == 0 from
37	! mirror to Dirichlet boundary conditions (u=v=0), so that k=nzb is
38	! representative for the height z0.
39	! Bugfix: type conversion of '1' to 64bit for the MAX function (ngp_3d_inner)
40	!
41	! 622 2010-12-10 08:08:13Z raasch
42	! optional barriers included in order to speed up collective operations
43	!
44	! 560 2010-09-09 10:06:09Z weinreis
45	! bugfix: correction of calculating ngp_3d for 64 bit
46	!
47	! 485 2010-02-05 10:57:51Z raasch
48	! calculation of ngp_3d + ngp_3d_inner changed because they have now 64 bit
49	!
50	! 407 2009-12-01 15:01:15Z maronga
51	! var_ts is replaced by dots_max
52	! Enabled passive scalar/humidity wall fluxes for non-flat topography
53	!
54	! 388 2009-09-23 09:40:33Z raasch
55	! Initialization of prho added.
56	! bugfix: correction of initial volume flow for non-flat topography
57	! bugfix: zero initialization of arrays within buildings for 'cyclic_fill'
58	! bugfix: avoid that ngp_2dh_s_inner becomes zero
59	! initializing_actions='read_data_for_recycling' renamed to 'cyclic_fill', now
60	! independent of turbulent_inflow
61	! Output of messages replaced by message handling routine.
62	! Set the starting level and the vertical smoothing factor used for
63	! the external pressure gradient
64	! +conserve_volume_flow_mode: 'default', 'initial_profiles', 'inflow_profile'
65	! and 'bulk_velocity'
66	! If the inversion height calculated by the prerun is zero,
67	! inflow_damping_height must be explicitly specified.
68	!
69	! 181 2008-07-30 07:07:47Z raasch
70	! bugfix: zero assignments to tendency arrays in case of restarts,
71	! further extensions and modifications in the initialisation of the plant
72	! canopy model,
73	! allocation of hom_sum moved to parin, initialization of spectrum_x\|y directly
74	! after allocating theses arrays,
75	! read data for recycling added as new initialization option,
76	! dummy allocation for diss
77	!
78	! 138 2007-11-28 10:03:58Z letzel
79	! New counter ngp_2dh_s_inner.
80	! Allow new case bc_uv_t = 'dirichlet_0' for channel flow.
81	! Corrected calculation of initial volume flow for 'set_1d-model_profiles' and
82	! 'set_constant_profiles' in case of buildings in the reference cross-sections.
83	!
84	! 108 2007-08-24 15:10:38Z letzel
85	! Flux initialization in case of coupled runs, +momentum fluxes at top boundary,
86	! +arrays for phase speed c_u, c_v, c_w, indices for u\|v\|w_m_l\|r changed
87	! +qswst_remote in case of atmosphere model with humidity coupled to ocean
88	! Rayleigh damping for ocean, optionally calculate km and kh from initial
89	! TKE e_init
90	!
91	! 97 2007-06-21 08:23:15Z raasch
92	! Initialization of salinity, call of init_ocean
93	!
94	! 87 2007-05-22 15:46:47Z raasch
95	! var_hom and var_sum renamed pr_palm
96	!
97	! 75 2007-03-22 09:54:05Z raasch
98	! Arrays for radiation boundary conditions are allocated (u_m_l, u_m_r, etc.),
99	! bugfix for cases with the outflow damping layer extending over more than one
100	! subdomain, moisture renamed humidity,
101	! new initializing action "by_user" calls user_init_3d_model,
102	! precipitation_amount/rate, ts_value are allocated, +module netcdf_control,
103	! initial velocities at nzb+1 are regarded for volume
104	! flow control in case they have been set zero before (to avoid small timesteps)
105	! -uvmean_outflow, uxrp, vynp eliminated
106	!
107	! 19 2007-02-23 04:53:48Z raasch
108	! +handling of top fluxes
109	!
110	! RCS Log replace by Id keyword, revision history cleaned up
111	!
112	! Revision 1.49 2006/08/22 15:59:07 raasch
113	! No optimization of this file on the ibmy (Yonsei Univ.)
114	!
115	! Revision 1.1 1998/03/09 16:22:22 raasch
116	! Initial revision
117	!
118	!
119	! Description:
120	! ------------
121	! Allocation of arrays and initialization of the 3D model via
122	! a) pre-run the 1D model
123	! or
124	! b) pre-set constant linear profiles
125	! or
126	! c) read values of a previous run
127	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
128
129	USE advec_ws
130	USE arrays_3d
131	USE averaging
132	USE cloud_parameters
133	USE constants
134	USE control_parameters
135	USE cpulog
136	USE indices
137	USE interfaces
138	USE model_1d
139	USE netcdf_control
140	USE particle_attributes
141	USE pegrid
142	USE profil_parameter
143	USE random_function_mod
144	USE statistics
145
146	IMPLICIT NONE
147
148	INTEGER :: i, ind_array(1), j, k, sr
149
150	INTEGER, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_l
151
152	INTEGER, DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_outer_l, &
153	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l
154
155	REAL :: a, b
156
157	REAL, DIMENSION(1:2) :: volume_flow_area_l, volume_flow_initial_l
158
159	REAL, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_3d_inner_l, ngp_3d_inner_tmp
160
161
162	!
163	!-- Allocate arrays
164	ALLOCATE( ngp_2dh(0:statistic_regions), ngp_2dh_l(0:statistic_regions), &
165	ngp_3d(0:statistic_regions), &
166	ngp_3d_inner(0:statistic_regions), &
167	ngp_3d_inner_l(0:statistic_regions), &
168	ngp_3d_inner_tmp(0:statistic_regions), &
169	sums_divnew_l(0:statistic_regions), &
170	sums_divold_l(0:statistic_regions) )
171	ALLOCATE( dp_smooth_factor(nzb:nzt), rdf(nzb+1:nzt) )
172	ALLOCATE( ngp_2dh_outer(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
173	ngp_2dh_outer_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
174	ngp_2dh_s_inner(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
175	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
176	rmask(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,0:statistic_regions), &
177	sums(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user), &
178	sums_l(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user,0:threads_per_task-1), &
179	sums_l_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions,0:threads_per_task-1), &
180	sums_up_fraction_l(10,3,0:statistic_regions), &
181	sums_wsts_bc_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
182	ts_value(dots_max,0:statistic_regions) )
183	ALLOCATE( km_damp_x(nxlg:nxrg), km_damp_y(nysg:nyng) )
184
185	ALLOCATE( rif_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), shf_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
186	ts(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), tswst_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
187	us(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), usws_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
188	uswst_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
189	vsws_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
190	vswst_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), z0(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
191
192	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
193	!
194	!-- Leapfrog scheme needs two timelevels of diffusion quantities
195	ALLOCATE( rif_2(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
196	shf_2(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
197	tswst_2(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
198	usws_2(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
199	uswst_2(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
200	vswst_2(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
201	vsws_2(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
202	ENDIF
203
204	ALLOCATE( d(nzb+1:nzta,nys:nyna,nxl:nxra), &
205	e_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
206	e_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
207	e_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
208	kh_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
209	km_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
210	p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
211	pt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
212	pt_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
213	pt_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
214	tend(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
215	u_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
216	u_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
217	u_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
218	v_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
219	v_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
220	v_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
221	w_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
222	w_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
223	w_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
224	!
225	!-- Following array is required for perturbation pressure within the iterative
226	!-- pressure solvers. For the multistep schemes (Runge-Kutta), array p holds
227	!-- the weighted average of the substeps and cannot be used in the Poisson
228	!-- solver.
229	IF ( psolver == 'sor' ) THEN
230	ALLOCATE( p_loc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
231	ELSEIF ( psolver == 'multigrid' ) THEN
232	!
233	!-- For performance reasons, multigrid is using one ghost layer only
234	ALLOCATE( p_loc(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
235	ENDIF
236
237	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
238	ALLOCATE( kh_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
239	km_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
240	ENDIF
241
242	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
243	!
244	!-- 2D-humidity/scalar arrays
245	ALLOCATE ( qs(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
246	qsws_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
247	qswst_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
248
249	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
250	ALLOCATE( qsws_2(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
251	qswst_2(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
252	ENDIF
253	!
254	!-- 3D-humidity/scalar arrays
255	ALLOCATE( q_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
256	q_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
257	q_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
258
259	!
260	!-- 3D-arrays needed for humidity only
261	IF ( humidity ) THEN
262	ALLOCATE( vpt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
263
264	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
265	ALLOCATE( vpt_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
266	ENDIF
267
268	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
269	!
270	!-- Liquid water content
271	ALLOCATE ( ql_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
272	!
273	!-- Precipitation amount and rate (only needed if output is switched)
274	ALLOCATE( precipitation_amount(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
275	precipitation_rate(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
276	ENDIF
277
278	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
279	!
280	!-- Liquid water content, change in liquid water content,
281	!-- real volume of particles (with weighting), volume of particles
282	ALLOCATE ( ql_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
283	ql_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
284	ql_v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
285	ql_vp(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
286	ENDIF
287
288	ENDIF
289
290	ENDIF
291
292	IF ( ocean ) THEN
293	ALLOCATE( saswsb_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
294	saswst_1(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
295	ALLOCATE( prho_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
296	rho_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
297	sa_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
298	sa_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
299	sa_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
300	prho => prho_1
301	rho => rho_1 ! routines calc_mean_profile and diffusion_e require
302	! density to be apointer
303	IF ( humidity_remote ) THEN
304	ALLOCATE( qswst_remote(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg))
305	qswst_remote = 0.0
306	ENDIF
307	ENDIF
308
309	!
310	!-- 3D-array for storing the dissipation, needed for calculating the sgs
311	!-- particle velocities
312	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles ) THEN
313	ALLOCATE ( diss(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
314	ELSE
315	ALLOCATE ( diss(2,2,2) ) ! required because diss is used as a
316	! formal parameter
317	ENDIF
318
319	IF ( dt_dosp /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
320	ALLOCATE( spectrum_x( 1:nx/2, 1:10, 1:10 ), &
321	spectrum_y( 1:ny/2, 1:10, 1:10 ) )
322	spectrum_x = 0.0
323	spectrum_y = 0.0
324	ENDIF
325
326	!
327	!-- 3D-arrays for the leaf area density and the canopy drag coefficient
328	IF ( plant_canopy ) THEN
329	ALLOCATE ( lad_s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
330	lad_u(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
331	lad_v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
332	lad_w(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
333	cdc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
334
335	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
336	ALLOCATE ( sls(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
337	sec(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
338	ENDIF
339
340	IF ( cthf /= 0.0 ) THEN
341	ALLOCATE ( lai(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
342	canopy_heat_flux(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
343	ENDIF
344
345	ENDIF
346
347	!
348	!-- 4D-array for storing the Rif-values at vertical walls
349	IF ( topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
350	ALLOCATE( rif_wall(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,1:4) )
351	rif_wall = 0.0
352	ENDIF
353
354	!
355	!-- Arrays to store velocity data from t-dt and the phase speeds which
356	!-- are needed for radiation boundary conditions
357	IF ( outflow_l ) THEN
358	ALLOCATE( u_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,1:2), &
359	v_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,0:1), &
360	w_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,0:1) )
361	ENDIF
362	IF ( outflow_r ) THEN
363	ALLOCATE( u_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx), &
364	v_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx), &
365	w_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx) )
366	ENDIF
367	IF ( outflow_l .OR. outflow_r ) THEN
368	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
369	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
370	ENDIF
371	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
372	ALLOCATE( u_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxlg:nxrg), &
373	v_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,1:2,nxlg:nxrg), &
374	w_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxlg:nxrg) )
375	ENDIF
376	IF ( outflow_n ) THEN
377	ALLOCATE( u_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg), &
378	v_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg), &
379	w_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg) )
380	ENDIF
381	IF ( outflow_s .OR. outflow_n ) THEN
382	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
383	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
384	ENDIF
385
386	!
387	!-- Initial assignment of the pointers
388	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
389
390	rif_m => rif_1; rif => rif_2
391	shf_m => shf_1; shf => shf_2
392	tswst_m => tswst_1; tswst => tswst_2
393	usws_m => usws_1; usws => usws_2
394	uswst_m => uswst_1; uswst => uswst_2
395	vsws_m => vsws_1; vsws => vsws_2
396	vswst_m => vswst_1; vswst => vswst_2
397	e_m => e_1; e => e_2; e_p => e_3; te_m => e_3
398	kh_m => kh_1; kh => kh_2
399	km_m => km_1; km => km_2
400	pt_m => pt_1; pt => pt_2; pt_p => pt_3; tpt_m => pt_3
401	u_m => u_1; u => u_2; u_p => u_3; tu_m => u_3
402	v_m => v_1; v => v_2; v_p => v_3; tv_m => v_3
403	w_m => w_1; w => w_2; w_p => w_3; tw_m => w_3
404
405	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
406	qsws_m => qsws_1; qsws => qsws_2
407	qswst_m => qswst_1; qswst => qswst_2
408	q_m => q_1; q => q_2; q_p => q_3; tq_m => q_3
409	IF ( humidity ) vpt_m => vpt_1; vpt => vpt_2
410	IF ( cloud_physics ) ql => ql_1
411	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
412	ql => ql_1
413	ql_c => ql_2
414	ENDIF
415	ENDIF
416
417	ELSE
418
419	rif => rif_1
420	shf => shf_1
421	tswst => tswst_1
422	usws => usws_1
423	uswst => uswst_1
424	vsws => vsws_1
425	vswst => vswst_1
426	e => e_1; e_p => e_2; te_m => e_3; e_m => e_3
427	kh => kh_1
428	km => km_1
429	pt => pt_1; pt_p => pt_2; tpt_m => pt_3; pt_m => pt_3
430	u => u_1; u_p => u_2; tu_m => u_3; u_m => u_3
431	v => v_1; v_p => v_2; tv_m => v_3; v_m => v_3
432	w => w_1; w_p => w_2; tw_m => w_3; w_m => w_3
433
434	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
435	qsws => qsws_1
436	qswst => qswst_1
437	q => q_1; q_p => q_2; tq_m => q_3; q_m => q_3
438	IF ( humidity ) vpt => vpt_1
439	IF ( cloud_physics ) ql => ql_1
440	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
441	ql => ql_1
442	ql_c => ql_2
443	ENDIF
444	ENDIF
445
446	IF ( ocean ) THEN
447	saswsb => saswsb_1
448	saswst => saswst_1
449	sa => sa_1; sa_p => sa_2; tsa_m => sa_3
450	ENDIF
451
452	ENDIF
453
454	!
455	!-- Allocate arrays containing the RK coefficient for calculation of
456	!-- perturbation pressure and turbulent fluxes. At this point values are
457	!-- set for pressure calculation during initialization (where no timestep
458	!-- is done). Further below the values needed within the timestep scheme
459	!-- will be set.
460	ALLOCATE( weight_substep(1:intermediate_timestep_count_max), &
461	weight_pres(1:intermediate_timestep_count_max) )
462	weight_substep = 1.0
463	weight_pres = 1.0
464	intermediate_timestep_count = 1 ! needed when simulated_time = 0.0
465
466	!
467	!-- Initialize model variables
468	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
469	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
470	!
471	!-- First model run of a possible job queue.
472	!-- Initial profiles of the variables must be computes.
473	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_1d-model_profiles' ) /= 0 ) THEN
474	!
475	!-- Use solutions of the 1D model as initial profiles,
476	!-- start 1D model
477	CALL init_1d_model
478	!
479	!-- Transfer initial profiles to the arrays of the 3D model
480	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
481	DO j = nysg, nyng
482	e(:,j,i) = e1d
483	kh(:,j,i) = kh1d
484	km(:,j,i) = km1d
485	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
486	u(:,j,i) = u1d
487	v(:,j,i) = v1d
488	ENDDO
489	ENDDO
490
491	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
492	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
493	DO j = nysg, nyng
494	q(:,j,i) = q_init
495	ENDDO
496	ENDDO
497	ENDIF
498
499	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
500	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
501	DO j = nysg, nyng
502	e(:,j,i) = e1d
503	ENDDO
504	ENDDO
505	!
506	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.
507	hom(:,1,25,:) = SPREAD( l1d, 2, statistic_regions+1 )
508
509	IF ( prandtl_layer ) THEN
510	rif = rif1d(nzb+1)
511	ts = 0.0 ! could actually be computed more accurately in the
512	! 1D model. Update when opportunity arises.
513	us = us1d
514	usws = usws1d
515	vsws = vsws1d
516	ELSE
517	ts = 0.0 ! must be set, because used in
518	rif = 0.0 ! flowste
519	us = 0.0
520	usws = 0.0
521	vsws = 0.0
522	ENDIF
523
524	ELSE
525	e = 0.0 ! must be set, because used in
526	rif = 0.0 ! flowste
527	ts = 0.0
528	us = 0.0
529	usws = 0.0
530	vsws = 0.0
531	ENDIF
532	uswst = top_momentumflux_u
533	vswst = top_momentumflux_v
534
535	!
536	!-- In every case qs = 0.0 (see also pt)
537	!-- This could actually be computed more accurately in the 1D model.
538	!-- Update when opportunity arises!
539	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) qs = 0.0
540
541	!
542	!-- inside buildings set velocities back to zero
543	IF ( topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
544	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
545	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
546	u(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
547	v(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
548	ENDDO
549	ENDDO
550
551	!
552	!-- WARNING: The extra boundary conditions set after running the
553	!-- ------- 1D model impose an error on the divergence one layer
554	!-- below the topography; need to correct later
555	!-- ATTENTION: Provisional correction for Piacsek & Williams
556	!-- --------- advection scheme: keep u and v zero one layer below
557	!-- the topography.
558	!
559	!-- Following was removed, because mirror boundary condition are
560	!-- replaced by dirichlet boundary conditions
561	!
562	! IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
563	!!
564	!!-- Satisfying the Dirichlet condition with an extra layer below
565	!!-- the surface where the u and v component change their sign.
566	! DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
567	! DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
568	! IF ( nzb_u_inner(j,i) == 0 ) u(0,j,i) = -u(1,j,i)
569	! IF ( nzb_v_inner(j,i) == 0 ) v(0,j,i) = -v(1,j,i)
570	! ENDDO
571	! ENDDO
572	!
573	! ELSE
574	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 1 ) THEN
575	!
576	!-- Neumann condition
577	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
578	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
579	IF ( nzb_u_inner(j,i) == 0 ) u(0,j,i) = u(1,j,i)
580	IF ( nzb_v_inner(j,i) == 0 ) v(0,j,i) = v(1,j,i)
581	ENDDO
582	ENDDO
583
584	ENDIF
585
586	ENDIF
587
588	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles') /= 0 ) &
589	THEN
590	!
591	!-- Use constructed initial profiles (velocity constant with height,
592	!-- temperature profile with constant gradient)
593	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
594	DO j = nysg, nyng
595	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
596	u(:,j,i) = u_init
597	v(:,j,i) = v_init
598	ENDDO
599	ENDDO
600
601	!
602	!-- Set initial horizontal velocities at the lowest computational grid
603	!-- levels to zero in order to avoid too small time steps caused by the
604	!-- diffusion limit in the initial phase of a run (at k=1, dz/2 occurs
605	!-- in the limiting formula!). The original values are stored to be later
606	!-- used for volume flow control.
607	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
608	DO j = nysg, nyng
609	u(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1,j,i) = 0.0
610	v(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1,j,i) = 0.0
611	ENDDO
612	ENDDO
613
614	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
615	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
616	DO j = nysg, nyng
617	q(:,j,i) = q_init
618	ENDDO
619	ENDDO
620	ENDIF
621
622	IF ( ocean ) THEN
623	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
624	DO j = nysg, nyng
625	sa(:,j,i) = sa_init
626	ENDDO
627	ENDDO
628	ENDIF
629
630	IF ( constant_diffusion ) THEN
631	km = km_constant
632	kh = km / prandtl_number
633	e = 0.0
634	ELSEIF ( e_init > 0.0 ) THEN
635	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
636	km(k,:,:) = 0.1 * l_grid(k) * SQRT( e_init )
637	ENDDO
638	km(nzb,:,:) = km(nzb+1,:,:)
639	km(nzt+1,:,:) = km(nzt,:,:)
640	kh = km / prandtl_number
641	e = e_init
642	ELSE
643	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
644	kh = 0.01 ! there must exist an initial diffusion, because
645	km = 0.01 ! otherwise no TKE would be produced by the
646	! production terms, as long as not yet
647	! e = (u/cm)*2 at k=nzb+1
648	ELSE
649	kh = 0.00001
650	km = 0.00001
651	ENDIF
652	e = 0.0
653	ENDIF
654	rif = 0.0
655	ts = 0.0
656	us = 0.0
657	usws = 0.0
658	uswst = top_momentumflux_u
659	vsws = 0.0
660	vswst = top_momentumflux_v
661	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) qs = 0.0
662
663	!
664	!-- Compute initial temperature field and other constants used in case
665	!-- of a sloping surface
666	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
667
668	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'by_user') /= 0 ) &
669	THEN
670	!
671	!-- Initialization will completely be done by the user
672	CALL user_init_3d_model
673
674	ENDIF
675	!
676	!-- Bottom boundary
677	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2 ) THEN
678	u(nzb,:,:) = 0.0
679	v(nzb,:,:) = 0.0
680	ENDIF
681
682	!
683	!-- Apply channel flow boundary condition
684	IF ( TRIM( bc_uv_t ) == 'dirichlet_0' ) THEN
685
686	u(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0
687	v(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0
688
689	!-- For the Dirichlet condition to be correctly applied at the top, set
690	!-- ug and vg to zero there
691	ug(nzt+1) = 0.0
692	vg(nzt+1) = 0.0
693
694	ENDIF
695
696	!
697	!-- Calculate virtual potential temperature
698	IF ( humidity ) vpt = pt * ( 1.0 + 0.61 * q )
699
700	!
701	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.
702	hom(:,1,5,:) = SPREAD( u(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
703	hom(:,1,6,:) = SPREAD( v(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
704	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2) THEN
705	hom(nzb,1,5,:) = 0.0
706	hom(nzb,1,6,:) = 0.0
707	ENDIF
708	hom(:,1,7,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
709	hom(:,1,23,:) = SPREAD( km(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
710	hom(:,1,24,:) = SPREAD( kh(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
711
712	IF ( ocean ) THEN
713	!
714	!-- Store initial salinity profile
715	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( sa(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
716	ENDIF
717
718	IF ( humidity ) THEN
719	!
720	!-- Store initial profile of total water content, virtual potential
721	!-- temperature
722	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
723	hom(:,1,29,:) = SPREAD( vpt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
724	IF ( cloud_physics .OR. cloud_droplets ) THEN
725	!
726	!-- Store initial profile of specific humidity and potential
727	!-- temperature
728	hom(:,1,27,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
729	hom(:,1,28,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
730	ENDIF
731	ENDIF
732
733	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
734	!
735	!-- Store initial scalar profile
736	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
737	ENDIF
738
739	!
740	!-- Initialize fluxes at bottom surface
741	IF ( use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
742
743	IF ( constant_heatflux ) THEN
744	!
745	!-- Heat flux is prescribed
746	IF ( random_heatflux ) THEN
747	CALL disturb_heatflux
748	ELSE
749	shf = surface_heatflux
750	!
751	!-- Over topography surface_heatflux is replaced by wall_heatflux(0)
752	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
753	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
754	DO j = nysg, nyng
755	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
756	shf(j,i) = wall_heatflux(0)
757	ENDIF
758	ENDDO
759	ENDDO
760	ENDIF
761	ENDIF
762	IF ( ASSOCIATED( shf_m ) ) shf_m = shf
763	ENDIF
764
765	!
766	!-- Determine the near-surface water flux
767	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
768	IF ( constant_waterflux ) THEN
769	qsws = surface_waterflux
770	!
771	!-- Over topography surface_waterflux is replaced by
772	!-- wall_humidityflux(0)
773	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
774	wall_qflux = wall_humidityflux
775	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
776	DO j = nysg, nyng
777	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
778	qsws(j,i) = wall_qflux(0)
779	ENDIF
780	ENDDO
781	ENDDO
782	ENDIF
783	IF ( ASSOCIATED( qsws_m ) ) qsws_m = qsws
784	ENDIF
785	ENDIF
786
787	ENDIF
788
789	!
790	!-- Initialize fluxes at top surface
791	!-- Currently, only the heatflux and salinity flux can be prescribed.
792	!-- The latent flux is zero in this case!
793	IF ( use_top_fluxes ) THEN
794
795	IF ( constant_top_heatflux ) THEN
796	!
797	!-- Heat flux is prescribed
798	tswst = top_heatflux
799	IF ( ASSOCIATED( tswst_m ) ) tswst_m = tswst
800
801	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
802	qswst = 0.0
803	IF ( ASSOCIATED( qswst_m ) ) qswst_m = qswst
804	ENDIF
805
806	IF ( ocean ) THEN
807	saswsb = bottom_salinityflux
808	saswst = top_salinityflux
809	ENDIF
810	ENDIF
811
812	!
813	!-- Initialization in case of a coupled model run
814	IF ( coupling_mode == 'ocean_to_atmosphere' ) THEN
815	tswst = 0.0
816	IF ( ASSOCIATED( tswst_m ) ) tswst_m = tswst
817	ENDIF
818
819	ENDIF
820
821	!
822	!-- Initialize Prandtl layer quantities
823	IF ( prandtl_layer ) THEN
824
825	z0 = roughness_length
826
827	IF ( .NOT. constant_heatflux ) THEN
828	!
829	!-- Surface temperature is prescribed. Here the heat flux cannot be
830	!-- simply estimated, because therefore rif, u* and theta* would have
831	!-- to be computed by iteration. This is why the heat flux is assumed
832	!-- to be zero before the first time step. It approaches its correct
833	!-- value in the course of the first few time steps.
834	shf = 0.0
835	IF ( ASSOCIATED( shf_m ) ) shf_m = 0.0
836	ENDIF
837
838	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
839	IF ( .NOT. constant_waterflux ) THEN
840	qsws = 0.0
841	IF ( ASSOCIATED( qsws_m ) ) qsws_m = 0.0
842	ENDIF
843	ENDIF
844
845	ENDIF
846
847
848	!
849	!-- For the moment, vertical velocity is zero
850	w = 0.0
851
852	!
853	!-- Initialize array sums (must be defined in first call of pres)
854	sums = 0.0
855
856	!
857	!-- In case of iterative solvers, p must get an initial value
858	IF ( psolver == 'multigrid' .OR. psolver == 'sor' ) p = 0.0
859
860	!
861	!-- Treating cloud physics, liquid water content and precipitation amount
862	!-- are zero at beginning of the simulation
863	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
864	ql = 0.0
865	IF ( precipitation ) precipitation_amount = 0.0
866	ENDIF
867
868	!
869	!-- Initialize quantities for special advections schemes
870	CALL init_advec
871
872	!
873	!-- Impose vortex with vertical axis on the initial velocity profile
874	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_vortex' ) /= 0 ) THEN
875	CALL init_rankine
876	ENDIF
877
878	!
879	!-- Impose temperature anomaly (advection test only)
880	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_ptanom' ) /= 0 ) THEN
881	CALL init_pt_anomaly
882	ENDIF
883
884	!
885	!-- If required, change the surface temperature at the start of the 3D run
886	IF ( pt_surface_initial_change /= 0.0 ) THEN
887	pt(nzb,:,:) = pt(nzb,:,:) + pt_surface_initial_change
888	ENDIF
889
890	!
891	!-- If required, change the surface humidity/scalar at the start of the 3D
892	!-- run
893	IF ( ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) .AND. &
894	q_surface_initial_change /= 0.0 ) THEN
895	q(nzb,:,:) = q(nzb,:,:) + q_surface_initial_change
896	ENDIF
897
898	!
899	!-- Initialize the random number generator (from numerical recipes)
900	CALL random_function_ini
901
902	!
903	!-- Initialize old and new time levels.
904	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
905	e_m = e; pt_m = pt; u_m = u; v_m = v; w_m = w; kh_m = kh; km_m = km
906	ELSE
907	te_m = 0.0; tpt_m = 0.0; tu_m = 0.0; tv_m = 0.0; tw_m = 0.0
908	ENDIF
909	e_p = e; pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
910
911	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
912	IF ( ASSOCIATED( q_m ) ) q_m = q
913	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) tq_m = 0.0
914	q_p = q
915	IF ( humidity .AND. ASSOCIATED( vpt_m ) ) vpt_m = vpt
916	ENDIF
917
918	IF ( ocean ) THEN
919	tsa_m = 0.0
920	sa_p = sa
921	ENDIF
922
923
924	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' .OR. &
925	TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) &
926	THEN
927	!
928	!-- When reading data for cyclic fill of 3D prerun data, first read
929	!-- some of the global variables from restart file
930	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
931
932	CALL read_parts_of_var_list
933	CALL close_file( 13 )
934
935	!
936	!-- Initialization of the turbulence recycling method
937	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
938	!
939	!-- Store temporally and horizontally averaged vertical profiles to be
940	!-- used as mean inflow profiles
941	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
942
943	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = hom_sum(:,1,0) ! u
944	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = hom_sum(:,2,0) ! v
945	mean_inflow_profiles(:,4) = hom_sum(:,4,0) ! pt
946	mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) = hom_sum(:,8,0) ! e
947
948	!
949	!-- Use these mean profiles for the inflow (provided that Dirichlet
950	!-- conditions are used)
951	IF ( inflow_l ) THEN
952	DO j = nysg, nyng
953	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
954	u(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,1)
955	v(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,2)
956	w(k,j,nxlg:-1) = 0.0
957	pt(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,4)
958	e(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,5)
959	ENDDO
960	ENDDO
961	ENDIF
962
963	!
964	!-- Calculate the damping factors to be used at the inflow. For a
965	!-- turbulent inflow the turbulent fluctuations have to be limited
966	!-- vertically because otherwise the turbulent inflow layer will grow
967	!-- in time.
968	IF ( inflow_damping_height == 9999999.9 ) THEN
969	!
970	!-- Default: use the inversion height calculated by the prerun; if
971	!-- this is zero, inflow_damping_height must be explicitly
972	!-- specified.
973	IF ( hom_sum(nzb+6,pr_palm,0) /= 0.0 ) THEN
974	inflow_damping_height = hom_sum(nzb+6,pr_palm,0)
975	ELSE
976	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inflow_damping_height must be ',&
977	'explicitly specified because&the inversion height ', &
978	'calculated by the prerun is zero.'
979	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0318', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
980	ENDIF
981
982	ENDIF
983
984	IF ( inflow_damping_width == 9999999.9 ) THEN
985	!
986	!-- Default for the transition range: one tenth of the undamped
987	!-- layer
988	inflow_damping_width = 0.1 * inflow_damping_height
989
990	ENDIF
991
992	ALLOCATE( inflow_damping_factor(nzb:nzt+1) )
993
994	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
995
996	IF ( zu(k) <= inflow_damping_height ) THEN
997	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0
998	ELSEIF ( zu(k) <= inflow_damping_height + &
999	inflow_damping_width ) THEN
1000	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0 - &
1001	( zu(k) - inflow_damping_height ) / &
1002	inflow_damping_width
1003	ELSE
1004	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 0.0
1005	ENDIF
1006
1007	ENDDO
1008	ENDIF
1009
1010	ENDIF
1011
1012	!
1013	!-- Read binary data from restart file
1014	CALL read_3d_binary
1015
1016	!
1017	!-- Inside buildings set velocities and TKE back to zero
1018	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' .AND. &
1019	topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
1020	!
1021	!-- Inside buildings set velocities and TKE back to zero.
1022	!-- Other scalars (pt, q, s, km, kh, p, sa, ...) are ignored at present,
1023	!-- maybe revise later.
1024	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) THEN
1025	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1026	DO j = nysg, nyng
1027	u (nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1028	v (nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1029	w (nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1030	e (nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1031	u_m(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1032	v_m(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1033	w_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1034	e_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1035	tu_m(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1036	tv_m(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1037	tw_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1038	te_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1039	tpt_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1040	ENDDO
1041	ENDDO
1042	ELSE
1043	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1044	DO j = nysg, nyng
1045	u (nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1046	v (nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1047	w (nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1048	e (nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1049	u_m(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1050	v_m(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1051	w_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1052	e_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1053	u_p(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1054	v_p(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1055	w_p(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1056	e_p(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1057	ENDDO
1058	ENDDO
1059	ENDIF
1060
1061	ENDIF
1062
1063	!
1064	!-- Calculate initial temperature field and other constants used in case
1065	!-- of a sloping surface
1066	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
1067
1068	!
1069	!-- Initialize new time levels (only done in order to set boundary values
1070	!-- including ghost points)
1071	e_p = e; pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
1072	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) q_p = q
1073	IF ( ocean ) sa_p = sa
1074
1075	!
1076	!-- Allthough tendency arrays are set in prognostic_equations, they have
1077	!-- have to be predefined here because they are used (but multiplied with 0)
1078	!-- there before they are set.
1079	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) THEN
1080	te_m = 0.0; tpt_m = 0.0; tu_m = 0.0; tv_m = 0.0; tw_m = 0.0
1081	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) tq_m = 0.0
1082	IF ( ocean ) tsa_m = 0.0
1083	ENDIF
1084
1085	ELSE
1086	!
1087	!-- Actually this part of the programm should not be reached
1088	message_string = 'unknown initializing problem'
1089	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0193', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1090	ENDIF
1091
1092
1093	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1094	!
1095	!-- Initialize old timelevels needed for radiation boundary conditions
1096	IF ( outflow_l ) THEN
1097	u_m_l(:,:,:) = u(:,:,1:2)
1098	v_m_l(:,:,:) = v(:,:,0:1)
1099	w_m_l(:,:,:) = w(:,:,0:1)
1100	ENDIF
1101	IF ( outflow_r ) THEN
1102	u_m_r(:,:,:) = u(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1103	v_m_r(:,:,:) = v(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1104	w_m_r(:,:,:) = w(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1105	ENDIF
1106	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
1107	u_m_s(:,:,:) = u(:,0:1,:)
1108	v_m_s(:,:,:) = v(:,1:2,:)
1109	w_m_s(:,:,:) = w(:,0:1,:)
1110	ENDIF
1111	IF ( outflow_n ) THEN
1112	u_m_n(:,:,:) = u(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1113	v_m_n(:,:,:) = v(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1114	w_m_n(:,:,:) = w(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1115	ENDIF
1116
1117	ENDIF
1118
1119	!
1120	!-- Calculate the initial volume flow at the right and north boundary
1121	IF ( conserve_volume_flow ) THEN
1122
1123	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0
1124	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0
1125
1126	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1127
1128	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1129	DO j = nys, nyn
1130	DO k = nzb_2d(j,nx)+1, nzt
1131	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1132	hom_sum(k,1,0) * dzw(k)
1133	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k)
1134	ENDDO
1135	ENDDO
1136	ENDIF
1137
1138	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1139	DO i = nxl, nxr
1140	DO k = nzb_2d(ny,i)+1, nzt
1141	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1142	hom_sum(k,2,0) * dzw(k)
1143	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k)
1144	ENDDO
1145	ENDDO
1146	ENDIF
1147
1148	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1149
1150	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1151	DO j = nys, nyn
1152	DO k = nzb_2d(j,nx)+1, nzt
1153	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1154	u(k,j,nx) * dzw(k)
1155	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k)
1156	ENDDO
1157	ENDDO
1158	ENDIF
1159
1160	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1161	DO i = nxl, nxr
1162	DO k = nzb_2d(ny,i)+1, nzt
1163	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1164	v(k,ny,i) * dzw(k)
1165	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k)
1166	ENDDO
1167	ENDDO
1168	ENDIF
1169
1170	ENDIF
1171
1172	#if defined( __parallel )
1173	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1), &
1174	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1175	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1176	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1177
1178	#else
1179	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1180	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1181	#endif
1182
1183	!
1184	!-- In case of 'bulk_velocity' mode, volume_flow_initial is calculated
1185	!-- from u\|v_bulk instead
1186	IF ( TRIM( conserve_volume_flow_mode ) == 'bulk_velocity' ) THEN
1187	volume_flow_initial(1) = u_bulk * volume_flow_area(1)
1188	volume_flow_initial(2) = v_bulk * volume_flow_area(2)
1189	ENDIF
1190
1191	ENDIF
1192
1193
1194	!
1195	!-- Impose random perturbation on the horizontal velocity field and then
1196	!-- remove the divergences from the velocity field at the initial stage
1197	IF ( create_disturbances .AND. &
1198	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
1199	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1200
1201	CALL disturb_field( nzb_u_inner, tend, u )
1202	CALL disturb_field( nzb_v_inner, tend, v )
1203	n_sor = nsor_ini
1204	CALL pres
1205	n_sor = nsor
1206	ENDIF
1207
1208	!
1209	!-- Initialization of the leaf area density
1210	IF ( plant_canopy ) THEN
1211
1212	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( canopy_mode ) )
1213
1214	CASE( 'block' )
1215
1216	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1217	DO j = nysg, nyng
1218	lad_s(:,j,i) = lad(:)
1219	cdc(:,j,i) = drag_coefficient
1220	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1221	sls(:,j,i) = leaf_surface_concentration
1222	sec(:,j,i) = scalar_exchange_coefficient
1223	ENDIF
1224	ENDDO
1225	ENDDO
1226
1227	CASE DEFAULT
1228
1229	!
1230	!-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter
1231	!-- canopy mode contains a wrong character string or if the
1232	!-- user has coded a special case in the user interface.
1233	!-- There, the subroutine user_init_plant_canopy checks
1234	!-- which of these two conditions applies.
1235	CALL user_init_plant_canopy
1236
1237	END SELECT
1238
1239	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_s, nbgp )
1240	CALL exchange_horiz( cdc, nbgp )
1241
1242	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1243	CALL exchange_horiz( sls, nbgp )
1244	CALL exchange_horiz( sec, nbgp )
1245	ENDIF
1246
1247	!
1248	!-- Sharp boundaries of the plant canopy in horizontal directions
1249	!-- In vertical direction the interpolation is retained, as the leaf
1250	!-- area density is initialised by prescribing a vertical profile
1251	!-- consisting of piecewise linear segments. The upper boundary
1252	!-- of the plant canopy is now defined by lad_w(pch_index,:,:) = 0.0.
1253
1254	DO i = nxl, nxr
1255	DO j = nys, nyn
1256	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1257	IF ( lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0 ) THEN
1258	lad_u(k,j,i) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1259	lad_u(k,j,i+1) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1260	lad_v(k,j,i) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1261	lad_v(k,j+1,i) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1262	ENDIF
1263	ENDDO
1264	DO k = nzb, nzt
1265	lad_w(k,j,i) = 0.5 * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + lad_s(k,j,i) )
1266	ENDDO
1267	ENDDO
1268	ENDDO
1269
1270	lad_w(pch_index,:,:) = 0.0
1271	lad_w(nzt+1,:,:) = lad_w(nzt,:,:)
1272
1273	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_u, nbgp )
1274	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_v, nbgp )
1275	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_w, nbgp )
1276
1277	!
1278	!-- Initialisation of the canopy heat source distribution
1279	IF ( cthf /= 0.0 ) THEN
1280	!
1281	!-- Piecewise evaluation of the leaf area index by
1282	!-- integration of the leaf area density
1283	lai(:,:,:) = 0.0
1284	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1285	DO j = nysg, nyng
1286	DO k = pch_index-1, 0, -1
1287	lai(k,j,i) = lai(k+1,j,i) + &
1288	( 0.5 * ( lad_w(k+1,j,i) + &
1289	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
1290	( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + &
1291	( 0.5 * ( lad_w(k,j,i) + &
1292	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
1293	( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) )
1294	ENDDO
1295	ENDDO
1296	ENDDO
1297
1298	!
1299	!-- Evaluation of the upward kinematic vertical heat flux within the
1300	!-- canopy
1301	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1302	DO j = nysg, nyng
1303	DO k = 0, pch_index
1304	canopy_heat_flux(k,j,i) = cthf * &
1305	exp( -0.6 * lai(k,j,i) )
1306	ENDDO
1307	ENDDO
1308	ENDDO
1309
1310	!
1311	!-- The near surface heat flux is derived from the heat flux
1312	!-- distribution within the canopy
1313	shf(:,:) = canopy_heat_flux(0,:,:)
1314
1315	IF ( ASSOCIATED( shf_m ) ) shf_m = shf
1316
1317	ENDIF
1318
1319	ENDIF
1320
1321	!
1322	!-- If required, initialize dvrp-software
1323	IF ( dt_dvrp /= 9999999.9 ) CALL init_dvrp
1324
1325	IF ( ocean ) THEN
1326	!
1327	!-- Initialize quantities needed for the ocean model
1328	CALL init_ocean
1329
1330	ELSE
1331	!
1332	!-- Initialize quantities for handling cloud physics
1333	!-- This routine must be called before init_particles, because
1334	!-- otherwise, array pt_d_t, needed in data_output_dvrp (called by
1335	!-- init_particles) is not defined.
1336	CALL init_cloud_physics
1337	ENDIF
1338
1339	!
1340	!-- If required, initialize particles
1341	IF ( particle_advection ) CALL init_particles
1342
1343	!
1344	!-- Initialize the ws-scheme.
1345	IF ( ws_scheme_sca .OR. ws_scheme_mom ) CALL ws_init
1346
1347	!
1348	!-- Setting weighting factors for calculation of perturbation pressure
1349	!-- and turbulent quantities from the RK substeps
1350	IF ( TRIM(timestep_scheme) == 'runge-kutta-3' ) THEN ! for RK3-method
1351
1352	weight_substep(1) = 0.166666666666666
1353	weight_substep(2) = 0.3
1354	weight_substep(3) = 0.533333333333333
1355
1356	weight_pres(1) = 0.333333333333333
1357	weight_pres(2) = 0.416666666666666
1358	weight_pres(3) = 0.25
1359
1360	ELSEIF ( TRIM(timestep_scheme) == 'runge-kutta-2' ) THEN ! for RK2-method
1361
1362	weight_substep(1) = 0.5
1363	weight_substep(2) = 0.5
1364
1365	weight_pres(1) = 0.5
1366	weight_pres(2) = 0.5
1367
1368	ELSE ! for Euler- and leapfrog-method
1369
1370	weight_substep(1) = 1.0
1371	weight_pres(1) = 1.0
1372
1373	ENDIF
1374
1375	!
1376	!-- Initialize Rayleigh damping factors
1377	rdf = 0.0
1378	IF ( rayleigh_damping_factor /= 0.0 ) THEN
1379	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
1380	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1381	IF ( zu(k) >= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
1382	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
1383	( SIN( pi * 0.5 * ( zu(k) - rayleigh_damping_height ) &
1384	/ ( zu(nzt) - rayleigh_damping_height ) )&
1385	)**2
1386	ENDIF
1387	ENDDO
1388	ELSE
1389	DO k = nzt, nzb+1, -1
1390	IF ( zu(k) <= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
1391	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
1392	( SIN( pi * 0.5 * ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(k) ) &
1393	/ ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(nzb+1)))&
1394	)**2
1395	ENDIF
1396	ENDDO
1397	ENDIF
1398	ENDIF
1399
1400	!
1401	!-- Initialize the starting level and the vertical smoothing factor used for
1402	!-- the external pressure gradient
1403	dp_smooth_factor = 1.0
1404	IF ( dp_external ) THEN
1405	!
1406	!-- Set the starting level dp_level_ind_b only if it has not been set before
1407	!-- (e.g. in init_grid).
1408	IF ( dp_level_ind_b == 0 ) THEN
1409	ind_array = MINLOC( ABS( dp_level_b - zu ) )
1410	dp_level_ind_b = ind_array(1) - 1 + nzb
1411	! MINLOC uses lower array bound 1
1412	ENDIF
1413	IF ( dp_smooth ) THEN
1414	dp_smooth_factor(:dp_level_ind_b) = 0.0
1415	DO k = dp_level_ind_b+1, nzt
1416	dp_smooth_factor(k) = 0.5 * ( 1.0 + SIN( pi * &
1417	( REAL( k - dp_level_ind_b ) / &
1418	REAL( nzt - dp_level_ind_b ) - 0.5 ) ) )
1419	ENDDO
1420	ENDIF
1421	ENDIF
1422
1423	!
1424	!-- Initialize diffusivities used within the outflow damping layer in case of
1425	!-- non-cyclic lateral boundaries. A linear increase is assumed over the first
1426	!-- half of the width of the damping layer
1427	IF ( bc_lr_dirrad ) THEN
1428
1429	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1430	IF ( i >= nx - outflow_damping_width ) THEN
1431	km_damp_x(i) = km_damp_max * MIN( 1.0, &
1432	( i - ( nx - outflow_damping_width ) ) / &
1433	REAL( outflow_damping_width/2 ) &
1434	)
1435	ELSE
1436	km_damp_x(i) = 0.0
1437	ENDIF
1438	ENDDO
1439
1440	ELSEIF ( bc_lr_raddir ) THEN
1441
1442	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1443	IF ( i <= outflow_damping_width ) THEN
1444	km_damp_x(i) = km_damp_max * MIN( 1.0, &
1445	( outflow_damping_width - i ) / &
1446	REAL( outflow_damping_width/2 ) &
1447	)
1448	ELSE
1449	km_damp_x(i) = 0.0
1450	ENDIF
1451	ENDDO
1452
1453	ENDIF
1454
1455	IF ( bc_ns_dirrad ) THEN
1456
1457	DO j = nysg, nyng
1458	IF ( j >= ny - outflow_damping_width ) THEN
1459	km_damp_y(j) = km_damp_max * MIN( 1.0, &
1460	( j - ( ny - outflow_damping_width ) ) / &
1461	REAL( outflow_damping_width/2 ) &
1462	)
1463	ELSE
1464	km_damp_y(j) = 0.0
1465	ENDIF
1466	ENDDO
1467
1468	ELSEIF ( bc_ns_raddir ) THEN
1469
1470	DO j = nysg, nyng
1471	IF ( j <= outflow_damping_width ) THEN
1472	km_damp_y(j) = km_damp_max * MIN( 1.0, &
1473	( outflow_damping_width - j ) / &
1474	REAL( outflow_damping_width/2 ) &
1475	)
1476	ELSE
1477	km_damp_y(j) = 0.0
1478	ENDIF
1479	ENDDO
1480
1481	ENDIF
1482
1483	!
1484	!-- Initialize local summation arrays for routine flow_statistics.
1485	!-- This is necessary because they may not yet have been initialized when they
1486	!-- are called from flow_statistics (or - depending on the chosen model run -
1487	!-- are never initialized)
1488	sums_divnew_l = 0.0
1489	sums_divold_l = 0.0
1490	sums_l_l = 0.0
1491	sums_up_fraction_l = 0.0
1492	sums_wsts_bc_l = 0.0
1493
1494	!
1495	!-- Pre-set masks for regional statistics. Default is the total model domain.
1496	rmask = 1.0
1497
1498	!
1499	!-- User-defined initializing actions. Check afterwards, if maximum number
1500	!-- of allowed timeseries is exceeded
1501	CALL user_init
1502
1503	IF ( dots_num > dots_max ) THEN
1504	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'number of time series quantities exceeds', &
1505	' its maximum of dots_max = ', dots_max, &
1506	' &Please increase dots_max in modules.f90.'
1507	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0194', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1508	ENDIF
1509
1510	!
1511	!-- Input binary data file is not needed anymore. This line must be placed
1512	!-- after call of user_init!
1513	CALL close_file( 13 )
1514
1515	!
1516	!-- Compute total sum of active mask grid points
1517	!-- ngp_2dh: number of grid points of a horizontal cross section through the
1518	!-- total domain
1519	!-- ngp_3d: number of grid points of the total domain
1520	ngp_2dh_outer_l = 0
1521	ngp_2dh_outer = 0
1522	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l = 0
1523	ngp_2dh_s_inner = 0
1524	ngp_2dh_l = 0
1525	ngp_2dh = 0
1526	ngp_3d_inner_l = 0.0
1527	ngp_3d_inner = 0
1528	ngp_3d = 0
1529	ngp_sums = ( nz + 2 ) * ( pr_palm + max_pr_user )
1530
1531	DO sr = 0, statistic_regions
1532	DO i = nxl, nxr
1533	DO j = nys, nyn
1534	IF ( rmask(j,i,sr) == 1.0 ) THEN
1535	!
1536	!-- All xy-grid points
1537	ngp_2dh_l(sr) = ngp_2dh_l(sr) + 1
1538	!
1539	!-- xy-grid points above topography
1540	DO k = nzb_s_outer(j,i), nz + 1
1541	ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) + 1
1542	ENDDO
1543	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i), nz + 1
1544	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) + 1
1545	ENDDO
1546	!
1547	!-- All grid points of the total domain above topography
1548	ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) = ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) + &
1549	( nz - nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 2 )
1550	ENDIF
1551	ENDDO
1552	ENDDO
1553	ENDDO
1554
1555	sr = statistic_regions + 1
1556	#if defined( __parallel )
1557	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1558	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_l(0), ngp_2dh(0), sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, &
1559	comm2d, ierr )
1560	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1561	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_outer_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_outer(0,0), (nz+2)*sr, &
1562	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1563	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1564	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_s_inner(0,0), &
1565	(nz+2)*sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1566	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1567	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_3d_inner_l(0), ngp_3d_inner_tmp(0), sr, MPI_REAL, &
1568	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1569	ngp_3d_inner = INT( ngp_3d_inner_tmp, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
1570	#else
1571	ngp_2dh = ngp_2dh_l
1572	ngp_2dh_outer = ngp_2dh_outer_l
1573	ngp_2dh_s_inner = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l
1574	ngp_3d_inner = INT( ngp_3d_inner_l, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
1575	#endif
1576
1577	ngp_3d = INT ( ngp_2dh, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) ) * &
1578	INT ( (nz + 2 ), KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
1579
1580	!
1581	!-- Set a lower limit of 1 in order to avoid zero divisions in flow_statistics,
1582	!-- buoyancy, etc. A zero value will occur for cases where all grid points of
1583	!-- the respective subdomain lie below the surface topography
1584	ngp_2dh_outer = MAX( 1, ngp_2dh_outer(:,:) )
1585	ngp_3d_inner = MAX( INT(1, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 )), &
1586	ngp_3d_inner(:) )
1587	ngp_2dh_s_inner = MAX( 1, ngp_2dh_s_inner(:,:) )
1588
1589	DEALLOCATE( ngp_2dh_l, ngp_2dh_outer_l, ngp_3d_inner_l, ngp_3d_inner_tmp )
1590
1591
1592	END SUBROUTINE init_3d_model

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