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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/init_3d_model.f90 @ 243

Last change on this file since 243 was 241, checked in by letzel, 15 years ago
Option to predefine a target bulk velocity for conserve_volume_flow
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 50.6 KB

Line
1	#if defined( __ibmy_special )
2	@PROCESS NOOPTimize
3	#endif
4	SUBROUTINE init_3d_model
5
6	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
7	! Actual revisions:
8	! -----------------
9	! Set the starting level and the vertical smoothing factor used for
10	! the external pressure gradient
11	! +converve_volume_flow_mode: 'default', 'initial_profiles', 'inflow_profile'
12	! and 'bulk_velocity'
13	!
14	! Former revisions:
15	! -----------------
16	! $Id: init_3d_model.f90 241 2009-02-19 16:08:56Z letzel $
17	!
18	! 181 2008-07-30 07:07:47Z raasch
19	! bugfix: zero assignments to tendency arrays in case of restarts,
20	! further extensions and modifications in the initialisation of the plant
21	! canopy model,
22	! allocation of hom_sum moved to parin, initialization of spectrum_x\|y directly
23	! after allocating theses arrays,
24	! read data for recycling added as new initialization option,
25	! dummy allocation for diss
26	!
27	! 138 2007-11-28 10:03:58Z letzel
28	! New counter ngp_2dh_s_inner.
29	! Allow new case bc_uv_t = 'dirichlet_0' for channel flow.
30	! Corrected calculation of initial volume flow for 'set_1d-model_profiles' and
31	! 'set_constant_profiles' in case of buildings in the reference cross-sections.
32	!
33	! 108 2007-08-24 15:10:38Z letzel
34	! Flux initialization in case of coupled runs, +momentum fluxes at top boundary,
35	! +arrays for phase speed c_u, c_v, c_w, indices for u\|v\|w_m_l\|r changed
36	! +qswst_remote in case of atmosphere model with humidity coupled to ocean
37	! Rayleigh damping for ocean, optionally calculate km and kh from initial
38	! TKE e_init
39	!
40	! 97 2007-06-21 08:23:15Z raasch
41	! Initialization of salinity, call of init_ocean
42	!
43	! 87 2007-05-22 15:46:47Z raasch
44	! var_hom and var_sum renamed pr_palm
45	!
46	! 75 2007-03-22 09:54:05Z raasch
47	! Arrays for radiation boundary conditions are allocated (u_m_l, u_m_r, etc.),
48	! bugfix for cases with the outflow damping layer extending over more than one
49	! subdomain, moisture renamed humidity,
50	! new initializing action "by_user" calls user_init_3d_model,
51	! precipitation_amount/rate, ts_value are allocated, +module netcdf_control,
52	! initial velocities at nzb+1 are regarded for volume
53	! flow control in case they have been set zero before (to avoid small timesteps)
54	! -uvmean_outflow, uxrp, vynp eliminated
55	!
56	! 19 2007-02-23 04:53:48Z raasch
57	! +handling of top fluxes
58	!
59	! RCS Log replace by Id keyword, revision history cleaned up
60	!
61	! Revision 1.49 2006/08/22 15:59:07 raasch
62	! No optimization of this file on the ibmy (Yonsei Univ.)
63	!
64	! Revision 1.1 1998/03/09 16:22:22 raasch
65	! Initial revision
66	!
67	!
68	! Description:
69	! ------------
70	! Allocation of arrays and initialization of the 3D model via
71	! a) pre-run the 1D model
72	! or
73	! b) pre-set constant linear profiles
74	! or
75	! c) read values of a previous run
76	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
77
78	USE arrays_3d
79	USE averaging
80	USE cloud_parameters
81	USE constants
82	USE control_parameters
83	USE cpulog
84	USE indices
85	USE interfaces
86	USE model_1d
87	USE netcdf_control
88	USE particle_attributes
89	USE pegrid
90	USE profil_parameter
91	USE random_function_mod
92	USE statistics
93
94	IMPLICIT NONE
95
96	INTEGER :: i, ind_array(1), j, k, sr
97
98	INTEGER, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_l, ngp_3d_inner_l
99
100	INTEGER, DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_outer_l, &
101	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l
102
103	REAL :: a, b
104
105	REAL, DIMENSION(1:2) :: volume_flow_area_l, volume_flow_initial_l
106
107
108	!
109	!-- Allocate arrays
110	ALLOCATE( ngp_2dh(0:statistic_regions), ngp_2dh_l(0:statistic_regions), &
111	ngp_3d(0:statistic_regions), &
112	ngp_3d_inner(0:statistic_regions), &
113	ngp_3d_inner_l(0:statistic_regions), &
114	sums_divnew_l(0:statistic_regions), &
115	sums_divold_l(0:statistic_regions) )
116	ALLOCATE( dp_smooth_factor(nzb:nzt), rdf(nzb+1:nzt) )
117	ALLOCATE( ngp_2dh_outer(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
118	ngp_2dh_outer_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
119	ngp_2dh_s_inner(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
120	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
121	rmask(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1,0:statistic_regions), &
122	sums(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user), &
123	sums_l(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user,0:threads_per_task-1), &
124	sums_l_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions,0:threads_per_task-1), &
125	sums_up_fraction_l(10,3,0:statistic_regions), &
126	sums_wsts_bc_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
127	ts_value(var_ts,0:statistic_regions) )
128	ALLOCATE( km_damp_x(nxl-1:nxr+1), km_damp_y(nys-1:nyn+1) )
129
130	ALLOCATE( rif_1(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), shf_1(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
131	ts(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), tswst_1(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
132	us(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), usws_1(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
133	uswst_1(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
134	vsws_1(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
135	vswst_1(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), z0(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
136
137	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
138	!
139	!-- Leapfrog scheme needs two timelevels of diffusion quantities
140	ALLOCATE( rif_2(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
141	shf_2(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
142	tswst_2(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
143	usws_2(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
144	uswst_2(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
145	vswst_2(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
146	vsws_2(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
147	ENDIF
148
149	ALLOCATE( d(nzb+1:nzta,nys:nyna,nxl:nxra), &
150	e_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
151	e_2(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
152	e_3(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
153	kh_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
154	km_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
155	p(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
156	pt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
157	pt_2(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
158	pt_3(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
159	tend(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
160	u_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
161	u_2(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
162	u_3(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
163	v_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
164	v_2(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
165	v_3(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
166	w_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
167	w_2(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
168	w_3(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
169
170	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
171	ALLOCATE( kh_2(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
172	km_2(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
173	ENDIF
174
175	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
176	!
177	!-- 2D-humidity/scalar arrays
178	ALLOCATE ( qs(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
179	qsws_1(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
180	qswst_1(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
181
182	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
183	ALLOCATE( qsws_2(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
184	qswst_2(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
185	ENDIF
186	!
187	!-- 3D-humidity/scalar arrays
188	ALLOCATE( q_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
189	q_2(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
190	q_3(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
191
192	!
193	!-- 3D-arrays needed for humidity only
194	IF ( humidity ) THEN
195	ALLOCATE( vpt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
196
197	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
198	ALLOCATE( vpt_2(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
199	ENDIF
200
201	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
202	!
203	!-- Liquid water content
204	ALLOCATE ( ql_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
205	!
206	!-- Precipitation amount and rate (only needed if output is switched)
207	ALLOCATE( precipitation_amount(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
208	precipitation_rate(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
209	ENDIF
210
211	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
212	!
213	!-- Liquid water content, change in liquid water content,
214	!-- real volume of particles (with weighting), volume of particles
215	ALLOCATE ( ql_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
216	ql_2(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
217	ql_v(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
218	ql_vp(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
219	ENDIF
220
221	ENDIF
222
223	ENDIF
224
225	IF ( ocean ) THEN
226	ALLOCATE( saswsb_1(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
227	saswst_1(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
228	ALLOCATE( rho_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
229	sa_1(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
230	sa_2(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
231	sa_3(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
232	rho => rho_1 ! routine calc_mean_profile requires density to be a
233	! pointer
234	IF ( humidity_remote ) THEN
235	ALLOCATE( qswst_remote(nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
236	qswst_remote = 0.0
237	ENDIF
238	ENDIF
239
240	!
241	!-- 3D-array for storing the dissipation, needed for calculating the sgs
242	!-- particle velocities
243	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles ) THEN
244	ALLOCATE ( diss(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
245	ELSE
246	ALLOCATE ( diss(2,2,2) ) ! required because diss is used as a
247	! formal parameter
248	ENDIF
249
250	IF ( dt_dosp /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
251	ALLOCATE( spectrum_x( 1:nx/2, 1:10, 1:10 ), &
252	spectrum_y( 1:ny/2, 1:10, 1:10 ) )
253	spectrum_x = 0.0
254	spectrum_y = 0.0
255	ENDIF
256
257	!
258	!-- 3D-arrays for the leaf area density and the canopy drag coefficient
259	IF ( plant_canopy ) THEN
260	ALLOCATE ( lad_s(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
261	lad_u(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
262	lad_v(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
263	lad_w(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
264	cdc(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
265
266	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
267	ALLOCATE ( sls(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
268	sec(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
269	ENDIF
270
271	IF ( cthf /= 0.0 ) THEN
272	ALLOCATE ( lai(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
273	canopy_heat_flux(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
274	ENDIF
275
276	ENDIF
277
278	!
279	!-- 4D-array for storing the Rif-values at vertical walls
280	IF ( topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
281	ALLOCATE( rif_wall(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1,1:4) )
282	rif_wall = 0.0
283	ENDIF
284
285	!
286	!-- Velocities at nzb+1 needed for volume flow control
287	IF ( conserve_volume_flow ) THEN
288	ALLOCATE( u_nzb_p1_for_vfc(nys:nyn), v_nzb_p1_for_vfc(nxl:nxr) )
289	u_nzb_p1_for_vfc = 0.0
290	v_nzb_p1_for_vfc = 0.0
291	ENDIF
292
293	!
294	!-- Arrays to store velocity data from t-dt and the phase speeds which
295	!-- are needed for radiation boundary conditions
296	IF ( outflow_l ) THEN
297	ALLOCATE( u_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,1:2), &
298	v_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,0:1), &
299	w_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,0:1) )
300	ENDIF
301	IF ( outflow_r ) THEN
302	ALLOCATE( u_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nx-1:nx), &
303	v_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nx-1:nx), &
304	w_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nx-1:nx) )
305	ENDIF
306	IF ( outflow_l .OR. outflow_r ) THEN
307	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1), &
308	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1) )
309	ENDIF
310	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
311	ALLOCATE( u_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
312	v_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,1:2,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
313	w_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
314	ENDIF
315	IF ( outflow_n ) THEN
316	ALLOCATE( u_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
317	v_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
318	w_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
319	ENDIF
320	IF ( outflow_s .OR. outflow_n ) THEN
321	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nxl-1:nxr+1), &
322	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
323	ENDIF
324
325	!
326	!-- Initial assignment of the pointers
327	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
328
329	rif_m => rif_1; rif => rif_2
330	shf_m => shf_1; shf => shf_2
331	tswst_m => tswst_1; tswst => tswst_2
332	usws_m => usws_1; usws => usws_2
333	uswst_m => uswst_1; uswst => uswst_2
334	vsws_m => vsws_1; vsws => vsws_2
335	vswst_m => vswst_1; vswst => vswst_2
336	e_m => e_1; e => e_2; e_p => e_3; te_m => e_3
337	kh_m => kh_1; kh => kh_2
338	km_m => km_1; km => km_2
339	pt_m => pt_1; pt => pt_2; pt_p => pt_3; tpt_m => pt_3
340	u_m => u_1; u => u_2; u_p => u_3; tu_m => u_3
341	v_m => v_1; v => v_2; v_p => v_3; tv_m => v_3
342	w_m => w_1; w => w_2; w_p => w_3; tw_m => w_3
343
344	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
345	qsws_m => qsws_1; qsws => qsws_2
346	qswst_m => qswst_1; qswst => qswst_2
347	q_m => q_1; q => q_2; q_p => q_3; tq_m => q_3
348	IF ( humidity ) vpt_m => vpt_1; vpt => vpt_2
349	IF ( cloud_physics ) ql => ql_1
350	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
351	ql => ql_1
352	ql_c => ql_2
353	ENDIF
354	ENDIF
355
356	ELSE
357
358	rif => rif_1
359	shf => shf_1
360	tswst => tswst_1
361	usws => usws_1
362	uswst => uswst_1
363	vsws => vsws_1
364	vswst => vswst_1
365	e => e_1; e_p => e_2; te_m => e_3; e_m => e_3
366	kh => kh_1
367	km => km_1
368	pt => pt_1; pt_p => pt_2; tpt_m => pt_3; pt_m => pt_3
369	u => u_1; u_p => u_2; tu_m => u_3; u_m => u_3
370	v => v_1; v_p => v_2; tv_m => v_3; v_m => v_3
371	w => w_1; w_p => w_2; tw_m => w_3; w_m => w_3
372
373	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
374	qsws => qsws_1
375	qswst => qswst_1
376	q => q_1; q_p => q_2; tq_m => q_3; q_m => q_3
377	IF ( humidity ) vpt => vpt_1
378	IF ( cloud_physics ) ql => ql_1
379	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
380	ql => ql_1
381	ql_c => ql_2
382	ENDIF
383	ENDIF
384
385	IF ( ocean ) THEN
386	saswsb => saswsb_1
387	saswst => saswst_1
388	sa => sa_1; sa_p => sa_2; tsa_m => sa_3
389	ENDIF
390
391	ENDIF
392
393	!
394	!-- Initialize model variables
395	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
396	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_data_for_recycling' ) THEN
397	!
398	!-- First model run of a possible job queue.
399	!-- Initial profiles of the variables must be computes.
400	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_1d-model_profiles' ) /= 0 ) THEN
401	!
402	!-- Use solutions of the 1D model as initial profiles,
403	!-- start 1D model
404	CALL init_1d_model
405	!
406	!-- Transfer initial profiles to the arrays of the 3D model
407	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
408	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
409	e(:,j,i) = e1d
410	kh(:,j,i) = kh1d
411	km(:,j,i) = km1d
412	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
413	u(:,j,i) = u1d
414	v(:,j,i) = v1d
415	ENDDO
416	ENDDO
417
418	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
419	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
420	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
421	q(:,j,i) = q_init
422	ENDDO
423	ENDDO
424	ENDIF
425
426	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
427	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
428	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
429	e(:,j,i) = e1d
430	ENDDO
431	ENDDO
432	!
433	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.
434	hom(:,1,25,:) = SPREAD( l1d, 2, statistic_regions+1 )
435
436	IF ( prandtl_layer ) THEN
437	rif = rif1d(nzb+1)
438	ts = 0.0 ! could actually be computed more accurately in the
439	! 1D model. Update when opportunity arises.
440	us = us1d
441	usws = usws1d
442	vsws = vsws1d
443	ELSE
444	ts = 0.0 ! must be set, because used in
445	rif = 0.0 ! flowste
446	us = 0.0
447	usws = 0.0
448	vsws = 0.0
449	ENDIF
450
451	ELSE
452	e = 0.0 ! must be set, because used in
453	rif = 0.0 ! flowste
454	ts = 0.0
455	us = 0.0
456	usws = 0.0
457	vsws = 0.0
458	ENDIF
459	uswst = top_momentumflux_u
460	vswst = top_momentumflux_v
461
462	!
463	!-- In every case qs = 0.0 (see also pt)
464	!-- This could actually be computed more accurately in the 1D model.
465	!-- Update when opportunity arises!
466	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) qs = 0.0
467
468	!
469	!-- inside buildings set velocities back to zero
470	IF ( topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
471	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
472	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
473	u(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
474	v(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
475	ENDDO
476	ENDDO
477	IF ( conserve_volume_flow ) THEN
478	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
479	DO j = nys, nyn
480	DO k = nzb + 1, nzb_u_inner(j,nx)
481	u_nzb_p1_for_vfc(j) = u1d(k) * dzu(k)
482	ENDDO
483	ENDDO
484	ENDIF
485	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
486	DO i = nxl, nxr
487	DO k = nzb + 1, nzb_v_inner(ny,i)
488	v_nzb_p1_for_vfc(i) = v1d(k) * dzu(k)
489	ENDDO
490	ENDDO
491	ENDIF
492	ENDIF
493	!
494	!-- WARNING: The extra boundary conditions set after running the
495	!-- ------- 1D model impose an error on the divergence one layer
496	!-- below the topography; need to correct later
497	!-- ATTENTION: Provisional correction for Piacsek & Williams
498	!-- --------- advection scheme: keep u and v zero one layer below
499	!-- the topography.
500	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
501	!
502	!-- Satisfying the Dirichlet condition with an extra layer below
503	!-- the surface where the u and v component change their sign.
504	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
505	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
506	IF ( nzb_u_inner(j,i) == 0 ) u(0,j,i) = -u(1,j,i)
507	IF ( nzb_v_inner(j,i) == 0 ) v(0,j,i) = -v(1,j,i)
508	ENDDO
509	ENDDO
510
511	ELSE
512	!
513	!-- Neumann condition
514	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
515	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
516	IF ( nzb_u_inner(j,i) == 0 ) u(0,j,i) = u(1,j,i)
517	IF ( nzb_v_inner(j,i) == 0 ) v(0,j,i) = v(1,j,i)
518	ENDDO
519	ENDDO
520
521	ENDIF
522
523	ENDIF
524
525	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles') /= 0 ) &
526	THEN
527	!
528	!-- Use constructed initial profiles (velocity constant with height,
529	!-- temperature profile with constant gradient)
530	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
531	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
532	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
533	u(:,j,i) = u_init
534	v(:,j,i) = v_init
535	ENDDO
536	ENDDO
537
538	!
539	!-- Set initial horizontal velocities at the lowest computational grid levels
540	!-- to zero in order to avoid too small time steps caused by the diffusion
541	!-- limit in the initial phase of a run (at k=1, dz/2 occurs in the
542	!-- limiting formula!). The original values are stored to be later used for
543	!-- volume flow control.
544	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
545	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
546	u(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1,j,i) = 0.0
547	v(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1,j,i) = 0.0
548	ENDDO
549	ENDDO
550	IF ( conserve_volume_flow ) THEN
551	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
552	DO j = nys, nyn
553	DO k = nzb + 1, nzb_u_inner(j,nx) + 1
554	u_nzb_p1_for_vfc(j) = u_init(k) * dzu(k)
555	ENDDO
556	ENDDO
557	ENDIF
558	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
559	DO i = nxl, nxr
560	DO k = nzb + 1, nzb_v_inner(ny,i) + 1
561	v_nzb_p1_for_vfc(i) = v_init(k) * dzu(k)
562	ENDDO
563	ENDDO
564	ENDIF
565	ENDIF
566
567	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
568	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
569	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
570	q(:,j,i) = q_init
571	ENDDO
572	ENDDO
573	ENDIF
574
575	IF ( ocean ) THEN
576	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
577	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
578	sa(:,j,i) = sa_init
579	ENDDO
580	ENDDO
581	ENDIF
582
583	IF ( constant_diffusion ) THEN
584	km = km_constant
585	kh = km / prandtl_number
586	e = 0.0
587	ELSEIF ( e_init > 0.0 ) THEN
588	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
589	km(k,:,:) = 0.1 * l_grid(k) * SQRT( e_init )
590	ENDDO
591	km(nzb,:,:) = km(nzb+1,:,:)
592	km(nzt+1,:,:) = km(nzt,:,:)
593	kh = km / prandtl_number
594	e = e_init
595	ELSE
596	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
597	kh = 0.01 ! there must exist an initial diffusion, because
598	km = 0.01 ! otherwise no TKE would be produced by the
599	! production terms, as long as not yet
600	! e = (u/cm)*2 at k=nzb+1
601	ELSE
602	kh = 0.00001
603	km = 0.00001
604	ENDIF
605	e = 0.0
606	ENDIF
607	rif = 0.0
608	ts = 0.0
609	us = 0.0
610	usws = 0.0
611	uswst = top_momentumflux_u
612	vsws = 0.0
613	vswst = top_momentumflux_v
614	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) qs = 0.0
615
616	!
617	!-- Compute initial temperature field and other constants used in case
618	!-- of a sloping surface
619	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
620
621	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'by_user') /= 0 ) &
622	THEN
623	!
624	!-- Initialization will completely be done by the user
625	CALL user_init_3d_model
626
627	ENDIF
628
629	!
630	!-- Apply channel flow boundary condition
631	IF ( TRIM( bc_uv_t ) == 'dirichlet_0' ) THEN
632
633	u(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0
634	v(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0
635
636	!-- For the Dirichlet condition to be correctly applied at the top, set
637	!-- ug and vg to zero there
638	ug(nzt+1) = 0.0
639	vg(nzt+1) = 0.0
640
641	ENDIF
642
643	!
644	!-- Calculate virtual potential temperature
645	IF ( humidity ) vpt = pt * ( 1.0 + 0.61 * q )
646
647	!
648	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.
649	hom(:,1,5,:) = SPREAD( u(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
650	hom(:,1,6,:) = SPREAD( v(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
651	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
652	hom(nzb,1,5,:) = -hom(nzb+1,1,5,:) ! due to satisfying the Dirichlet
653	hom(nzb,1,6,:) = -hom(nzb+1,1,6,:) ! condition with an extra layer
654	! below the surface where the u and v component change their sign
655	ENDIF
656	hom(:,1,7,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
657	hom(:,1,23,:) = SPREAD( km(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
658	hom(:,1,24,:) = SPREAD( kh(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
659
660	IF ( ocean ) THEN
661	!
662	!-- Store initial salinity profile
663	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( sa(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
664	ENDIF
665
666	IF ( humidity ) THEN
667	!
668	!-- Store initial profile of total water content, virtual potential
669	!-- temperature
670	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
671	hom(:,1,29,:) = SPREAD( vpt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
672	IF ( cloud_physics .OR. cloud_droplets ) THEN
673	!
674	!-- Store initial profile of specific humidity and potential
675	!-- temperature
676	hom(:,1,27,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
677	hom(:,1,28,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
678	ENDIF
679	ENDIF
680
681	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
682	!
683	!-- Store initial scalar profile
684	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
685	ENDIF
686
687	!
688	!-- Initialize fluxes at bottom surface
689	IF ( use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
690
691	IF ( constant_heatflux ) THEN
692	!
693	!-- Heat flux is prescribed
694	IF ( random_heatflux ) THEN
695	CALL disturb_heatflux
696	ELSE
697	shf = surface_heatflux
698	!
699	!-- Over topography surface_heatflux is replaced by wall_heatflux(0)
700	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
701	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
702	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
703	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
704	shf(j,i) = wall_heatflux(0)
705	ENDIF
706	ENDDO
707	ENDDO
708	ENDIF
709	ENDIF
710	IF ( ASSOCIATED( shf_m ) ) shf_m = shf
711	ENDIF
712
713	!
714	!-- Determine the near-surface water flux
715	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
716	IF ( constant_waterflux ) THEN
717	qsws = surface_waterflux
718	IF ( ASSOCIATED( qsws_m ) ) qsws_m = qsws
719	ENDIF
720	ENDIF
721
722	ENDIF
723
724	!
725	!-- Initialize fluxes at top surface
726	!-- Currently, only the heatflux and salinity flux can be prescribed.
727	!-- The latent flux is zero in this case!
728	IF ( use_top_fluxes ) THEN
729
730	IF ( constant_top_heatflux ) THEN
731	!
732	!-- Heat flux is prescribed
733	tswst = top_heatflux
734	IF ( ASSOCIATED( tswst_m ) ) tswst_m = tswst
735
736	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
737	qswst = 0.0
738	IF ( ASSOCIATED( qswst_m ) ) qswst_m = qswst
739	ENDIF
740
741	IF ( ocean ) THEN
742	saswsb = bottom_salinityflux
743	saswst = top_salinityflux
744	ENDIF
745	ENDIF
746
747	!
748	!-- Initialization in case of a coupled model run
749	IF ( coupling_mode == 'ocean_to_atmosphere' ) THEN
750	tswst = 0.0
751	IF ( ASSOCIATED( tswst_m ) ) tswst_m = tswst
752	ENDIF
753
754	ENDIF
755
756	!
757	!-- Initialize Prandtl layer quantities
758	IF ( prandtl_layer ) THEN
759
760	z0 = roughness_length
761
762	IF ( .NOT. constant_heatflux ) THEN
763	!
764	!-- Surface temperature is prescribed. Here the heat flux cannot be
765	!-- simply estimated, because therefore rif, u* and theta* would have
766	!-- to be computed by iteration. This is why the heat flux is assumed
767	!-- to be zero before the first time step. It approaches its correct
768	!-- value in the course of the first few time steps.
769	shf = 0.0
770	IF ( ASSOCIATED( shf_m ) ) shf_m = 0.0
771	ENDIF
772
773	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
774	IF ( .NOT. constant_waterflux ) THEN
775	qsws = 0.0
776	IF ( ASSOCIATED( qsws_m ) ) qsws_m = 0.0
777	ENDIF
778	ENDIF
779
780	ENDIF
781
782	!
783	!-- Calculate the initial volume flow at the right and north boundary
784	IF ( conserve_volume_flow ) THEN
785
786	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0
787	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0
788
789	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
790	DO j = nys, nyn
791	DO k = nzb_2d(j,nx) + 1, nzt
792	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
793	u(k,j,nx) * dzu(k)
794	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzu(k)
795	ENDDO
796	!
797	!-- Correction if velocity at nzb+1 has been set zero further above
798	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
799	u_nzb_p1_for_vfc(j)
800	ENDDO
801	ENDIF
802
803	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
804	DO i = nxl, nxr
805	DO k = nzb_2d(ny,i) + 1, nzt
806	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
807	v(k,ny,i) * dzu(k)
808	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzu(k)
809	ENDDO
810	!
811	!-- Correction if velocity at nzb+1 has been set zero further above
812	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
813	v_nzb_p1_for_vfc(i)
814	ENDDO
815	ENDIF
816
817	#if defined( __parallel )
818	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
819	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
820	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
821	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
822	#else
823	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
824	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
825	#endif
826	!
827	!-- In case of 'bulk_velocity' mode, volume_flow_initial is overridden
828	!-- and calculated from u\|v_bulk instead.
829	IF ( TRIM( conserve_volume_flow_mode ) == 'bulk_velocity' ) THEN
830	volume_flow_initial(1) = u_bulk * volume_flow_area(1)
831	volume_flow_initial(2) = v_bulk * volume_flow_area(2)
832	ENDIF
833
834	ENDIF
835
836	!
837	!-- For the moment, perturbation pressure and vertical velocity are zero
838	p = 0.0; w = 0.0
839
840	!
841	!-- Initialize array sums (must be defined in first call of pres)
842	sums = 0.0
843
844	!
845	!-- Treating cloud physics, liquid water content and precipitation amount
846	!-- are zero at beginning of the simulation
847	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
848	ql = 0.0
849	IF ( precipitation ) precipitation_amount = 0.0
850	ENDIF
851
852	!
853	!-- Impose vortex with vertical axis on the initial velocity profile
854	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_vortex' ) /= 0 ) THEN
855	CALL init_rankine
856	ENDIF
857
858	!
859	!-- Impose temperature anomaly (advection test only)
860	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_ptanom' ) /= 0 ) THEN
861	CALL init_pt_anomaly
862	ENDIF
863
864	!
865	!-- If required, change the surface temperature at the start of the 3D run
866	IF ( pt_surface_initial_change /= 0.0 ) THEN
867	pt(nzb,:,:) = pt(nzb,:,:) + pt_surface_initial_change
868	ENDIF
869
870	!
871	!-- If required, change the surface humidity/scalar at the start of the 3D
872	!-- run
873	IF ( ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) .AND. &
874	q_surface_initial_change /= 0.0 ) THEN
875	q(nzb,:,:) = q(nzb,:,:) + q_surface_initial_change
876	ENDIF
877
878	!
879	!-- Initialize the random number generator (from numerical recipes)
880	CALL random_function_ini
881
882	!
883	!-- Impose random perturbation on the horizontal velocity field and then
884	!-- remove the divergences from the velocity field
885	IF ( create_disturbances ) THEN
886	CALL disturb_field( nzb_u_inner, tend, u )
887	CALL disturb_field( nzb_v_inner, tend, v )
888	n_sor = nsor_ini
889	CALL pres
890	n_sor = nsor
891	ENDIF
892
893	!
894	!-- Once again set the perturbation pressure explicitly to zero in order to
895	!-- assure that it does not generate any divergences in the first time step.
896	!-- At t=0 the velocity field is free of divergence (as constructed above).
897	!-- Divergences being created during a time step are not yet known and thus
898	!-- cannot be corrected during the time step yet.
899	p = 0.0
900
901	!
902	!-- Initialize old and new time levels.
903	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' ) THEN
904	e_m = e; pt_m = pt; u_m = u; v_m = v; w_m = w; kh_m = kh; km_m = km
905	ELSE
906	te_m = 0.0; tpt_m = 0.0; tu_m = 0.0; tv_m = 0.0; tw_m = 0.0
907	ENDIF
908	e_p = e; pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
909
910	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
911	IF ( ASSOCIATED( q_m ) ) q_m = q
912	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) tq_m = 0.0
913	q_p = q
914	IF ( humidity .AND. ASSOCIATED( vpt_m ) ) vpt_m = vpt
915	ENDIF
916
917	IF ( ocean ) THEN
918	tsa_m = 0.0
919	sa_p = sa
920	ENDIF
921
922
923	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' .OR. &
924	TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_data_for_recycling' ) &
925	THEN
926	!
927	!-- When reading data for initializing the recycling method, first read
928	!-- some of the global variables from restart file
929	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_data_for_recycling' ) THEN
930
931	WRITE (9,*) 'before read_parts_of_var_list'
932	CALL local_flush( 9 )
933	CALL read_parts_of_var_list
934	WRITE (9,*) 'after read_parts_of_var_list'
935	CALL local_flush( 9 )
936	CALL close_file( 13 )
937	!
938	!-- Store temporally and horizontally averaged vertical profiles to be
939	!-- used as mean inflow profiles
940	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
941
942	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = hom_sum(:,1,0) ! u
943	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = hom_sum(:,2,0) ! v
944	mean_inflow_profiles(:,4) = hom_sum(:,4,0) ! pt
945	mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) = hom_sum(:,8,0) ! e
946
947	!
948	!-- Use these mean profiles for the inflow (provided that Dirichlet
949	!-- conditions are used)
950	IF ( inflow_l ) THEN
951	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
952	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
953	u(k,j,-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,1)
954	v(k,j,-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,2)
955	w(k,j,-1) = 0.0
956	pt(k,j,-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,4)
957	e(k,j,-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,5)
958	ENDDO
959	ENDDO
960	ENDIF
961
962	!
963	!-- Calculate the damping factors to be used at the inflow. For a
964	!-- turbulent inflow the turbulent fluctuations have to be limited
965	!-- vertically because otherwise the turbulent inflow layer will grow
966	!-- in time.
967	IF ( inflow_damping_height == 9999999.9 ) THEN
968	!
969	!-- Default: use the inversion height calculated by the prerun
970	inflow_damping_height = hom_sum(nzb+6,pr_palm,0)
971
972	ENDIF
973
974	IF ( inflow_damping_width == 9999999.9 ) THEN
975	!
976	!-- Default for the transition range: one tenth of the undamped layer
977	inflow_damping_width = 0.1 * inflow_damping_height
978
979	ENDIF
980
981	ALLOCATE( inflow_damping_factor(nzb:nzt+1) )
982
983	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
984
985	IF ( zu(k) <= inflow_damping_height ) THEN
986	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0
987	ELSEIF ( zu(k) <= inflow_damping_height + inflow_damping_width ) &
988	THEN
989	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0 - &
990	( zu(k) - inflow_damping_height ) / &
991	inflow_damping_width
992	ELSE
993	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 0.0
994	ENDIF
995
996	ENDDO
997
998	ENDIF
999
1000	!
1001	!-- Read binary data from restart file
1002	WRITE (9,*) 'before read_3d_binary'
1003	CALL local_flush( 9 )
1004	CALL read_3d_binary
1005	WRITE (9,*) 'after read_3d_binary'
1006	CALL local_flush( 9 )
1007
1008	!
1009	!-- Calculate the initial volume flow at the right and north boundary
1010	IF ( conserve_volume_flow .AND. &
1011	TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_data_for_recycling' ) THEN
1012
1013	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0
1014	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0
1015
1016	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1017	DO j = nys, nyn
1018	DO k = nzb_2d(j,nx) + 1, nzt
1019	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1020	u(k,j,nx) * dzu(k)
1021	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzu(k)
1022	ENDDO
1023	!
1024	!-- Correction if velocity at nzb+1 has been set zero further above
1025	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1026	u_nzb_p1_for_vfc(j)
1027	ENDDO
1028	ENDIF
1029
1030	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1031	DO i = nxl, nxr
1032	DO k = nzb_2d(ny,i) + 1, nzt
1033	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1034	v(k,ny,i) * dzu(k)
1035	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzu(k)
1036	ENDDO
1037	!
1038	!-- Correction if velocity at nzb+1 has been set zero further above
1039	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1040	v_nzb_p1_for_vfc(i)
1041	ENDDO
1042	ENDIF
1043
1044	#if defined( __parallel )
1045	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1046	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1047	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1048	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1049	#else
1050	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1051	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1052	#endif
1053	ENDIF
1054
1055
1056	!
1057	!-- Calculate initial temperature field and other constants used in case
1058	!-- of a sloping surface
1059	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
1060
1061	!
1062	!-- Initialize new time levels (only done in order to set boundary values
1063	!-- including ghost points)
1064	e_p = e; pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
1065	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) q_p = q
1066	IF ( ocean ) sa_p = sa
1067
1068	!
1069	!-- Allthough tendency arrays are set in prognostic_equations, they have
1070	!-- have to be predefined here because they are used (but multiplied with 0)
1071	!-- there before they are set.
1072	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) THEN
1073	te_m = 0.0; tpt_m = 0.0; tu_m = 0.0; tv_m = 0.0; tw_m = 0.0
1074	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) tq_m = 0.0
1075	IF ( ocean ) tsa_m = 0.0
1076	ENDIF
1077
1078	ELSE
1079	!
1080	!-- Actually this part of the programm should not be reached
1081	IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*,'+++ init_3d_model: unknown initializing ', &
1082	'problem'
1083	CALL local_stop
1084	ENDIF
1085
1086
1087	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1088	!
1089	!-- Initialize old timelevels needed for radiation boundary conditions
1090	IF ( outflow_l ) THEN
1091	u_m_l(:,:,:) = u(:,:,1:2)
1092	v_m_l(:,:,:) = v(:,:,0:1)
1093	w_m_l(:,:,:) = w(:,:,0:1)
1094	ENDIF
1095	IF ( outflow_r ) THEN
1096	u_m_r(:,:,:) = u(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1097	v_m_r(:,:,:) = v(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1098	w_m_r(:,:,:) = w(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1099	ENDIF
1100	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
1101	u_m_s(:,:,:) = u(:,0:1,:)
1102	v_m_s(:,:,:) = v(:,1:2,:)
1103	w_m_s(:,:,:) = w(:,0:1,:)
1104	ENDIF
1105	IF ( outflow_n ) THEN
1106	u_m_n(:,:,:) = u(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1107	v_m_n(:,:,:) = v(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1108	w_m_n(:,:,:) = w(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1109	ENDIF
1110
1111	ENDIF
1112
1113	!
1114	!-- Initialization of the leaf area density
1115	IF ( plant_canopy ) THEN
1116
1117	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( canopy_mode ) )
1118
1119	CASE( 'block' )
1120
1121	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
1122	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
1123	lad_s(:,j,i) = lad(:)
1124	cdc(:,j,i) = drag_coefficient
1125	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1126	sls(:,j,i) = leaf_surface_concentration
1127	sec(:,j,i) = scalar_exchange_coefficient
1128	ENDIF
1129	ENDDO
1130	ENDDO
1131
1132	CASE DEFAULT
1133
1134	!
1135	!-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter
1136	!-- canopy mode contains a wrong character string or if the
1137	!-- user has coded a special case in the user interface.
1138	!-- There, the subroutine user_init_plant_canopy checks
1139	!-- which of these two conditions applies.
1140	CALL user_init_plant_canopy
1141
1142	END SELECT
1143
1144	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_s )
1145	CALL exchange_horiz( cdc )
1146
1147	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1148	CALL exchange_horiz( sls )
1149	CALL exchange_horiz( sec )
1150	ENDIF
1151
1152	!
1153	!-- Sharp boundaries of the plant canopy in horizontal directions
1154	!-- In vertical direction the interpolation is retained, as the leaf
1155	!-- area density is initialised by prescribing a vertical profile
1156	!-- consisting of piecewise linear segments. The upper boundary
1157	!-- of the plant canopy is now defined by lad_w(pch_index,:,:) = 0.0.
1158
1159	DO i = nxl, nxr
1160	DO j = nys, nyn
1161	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1162	IF ( lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0 ) THEN
1163	lad_u(k,j,i) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1164	lad_u(k,j,i+1) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1165	lad_v(k,j,i) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1166	lad_v(k,j+1,i) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1167	ENDIF
1168	ENDDO
1169	DO k = nzb, nzt
1170	lad_w(k,j,i) = 0.5 * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + lad_s(k,j,i) )
1171	ENDDO
1172	ENDDO
1173	ENDDO
1174
1175	lad_w(pch_index,:,:) = 0.0
1176	lad_w(nzt+1,:,:) = lad_w(nzt,:,:)
1177
1178	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_u )
1179	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_v )
1180	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_w )
1181
1182	!
1183	!-- Initialisation of the canopy heat source distribution
1184	IF ( cthf /= 0.0 ) THEN
1185	!
1186	!-- Piecewise evaluation of the leaf area index by
1187	!-- integration of the leaf area density
1188	lai(:,:,:) = 0.0
1189	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
1190	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
1191	DO k = pch_index-1, 0, -1
1192	lai(k,j,i) = lai(k+1,j,i) + &
1193	( 0.5 * ( lad_w(k+1,j,i) + &
1194	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
1195	( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + &
1196	( 0.5 * ( lad_w(k,j,i) + &
1197	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
1198	( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) )
1199	ENDDO
1200	ENDDO
1201	ENDDO
1202
1203	!
1204	!-- Evaluation of the upward kinematic vertical heat flux within the
1205	!-- canopy
1206	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
1207	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
1208	DO k = 0, pch_index
1209	canopy_heat_flux(k,j,i) = cthf * &
1210	exp( -0.6 * lai(k,j,i) )
1211	ENDDO
1212	ENDDO
1213	ENDDO
1214
1215	!
1216	!-- The near surface heat flux is derived from the heat flux
1217	!-- distribution within the canopy
1218	shf(:,:) = canopy_heat_flux(0,:,:)
1219
1220	IF ( ASSOCIATED( shf_m ) ) shf_m = shf
1221
1222	ENDIF
1223
1224	ENDIF
1225
1226	!
1227	!-- If required, initialize dvrp-software
1228	IF ( dt_dvrp /= 9999999.9 ) CALL init_dvrp
1229
1230	IF ( ocean ) THEN
1231	!
1232	!-- Initialize quantities needed for the ocean model
1233	CALL init_ocean
1234	ELSE
1235	!
1236	!-- Initialize quantities for handling cloud physics
1237	!-- This routine must be called before init_particles, because
1238	!-- otherwise, array pt_d_t, needed in data_output_dvrp (called by
1239	!-- init_particles) is not defined.
1240	CALL init_cloud_physics
1241	ENDIF
1242
1243	!
1244	!-- If required, initialize particles
1245	IF ( particle_advection ) CALL init_particles
1246
1247	!
1248	!-- Initialize quantities for special advections schemes
1249	CALL init_advec
1250
1251	!
1252	!-- Initialize Rayleigh damping factors
1253	rdf = 0.0
1254	IF ( rayleigh_damping_factor /= 0.0 ) THEN
1255	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
1256	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1257	IF ( zu(k) >= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
1258	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
1259	( SIN( pi * 0.5 * ( zu(k) - rayleigh_damping_height ) &
1260	/ ( zu(nzt) - rayleigh_damping_height ) )&
1261	)**2
1262	ENDIF
1263	ENDDO
1264	ELSE
1265	DO k = nzt, nzb+1, -1
1266	IF ( zu(k) <= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
1267	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
1268	( SIN( pi * 0.5 * ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(k) ) &
1269	/ ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(nzb+1)))&
1270	)**2
1271	ENDIF
1272	ENDDO
1273	ENDIF
1274	ENDIF
1275
1276	!
1277	!-- Initialize the starting level and the vertical smoothing factor used for
1278	!-- the external pressure gradient
1279	dp_smooth_factor = 1.0
1280	IF ( dp_external ) THEN
1281	!
1282	!-- Set the starting level dp_level_ind_b only if it has not been set before
1283	!-- (e.g. in init_grid).
1284	IF ( dp_level_ind_b == 0 ) THEN
1285	ind_array = MINLOC( ABS( dp_level_b - zu ) )
1286	dp_level_ind_b = ind_array(1) - 1 + nzb
1287	! MINLOC uses lower array bound 1
1288	ENDIF
1289	IF ( dp_smooth ) THEN
1290	dp_smooth_factor(:dp_level_ind_b) = 0.0
1291	DO k = dp_level_ind_b+1, nzt
1292	dp_smooth_factor(k) = 0.5 * ( 1.0 + SIN( pi * &
1293	( REAL( k - dp_level_ind_b ) / &
1294	REAL( nzt - dp_level_ind_b ) - 0.5 ) ) )
1295	ENDDO
1296	ENDIF
1297	ENDIF
1298
1299	!
1300	!-- Initialize diffusivities used within the outflow damping layer in case of
1301	!-- non-cyclic lateral boundaries. A linear increase is assumed over the first
1302	!-- half of the width of the damping layer
1303	IF ( bc_lr == 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
1304
1305	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
1306	IF ( i >= nx - outflow_damping_width ) THEN
1307	km_damp_x(i) = km_damp_max * MIN( 1.0, &
1308	( i - ( nx - outflow_damping_width ) ) / &
1309	REAL( outflow_damping_width/2 ) &
1310	)
1311	ELSE
1312	km_damp_x(i) = 0.0
1313	ENDIF
1314	ENDDO
1315
1316	ELSEIF ( bc_lr == 'radiation/dirichlet' ) THEN
1317
1318	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
1319	IF ( i <= outflow_damping_width ) THEN
1320	km_damp_x(i) = km_damp_max * MIN( 1.0, &
1321	( outflow_damping_width - i ) / &
1322	REAL( outflow_damping_width/2 ) &
1323	)
1324	ELSE
1325	km_damp_x(i) = 0.0
1326	ENDIF
1327	ENDDO
1328
1329	ENDIF
1330
1331	IF ( bc_ns == 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
1332
1333	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
1334	IF ( j >= ny - outflow_damping_width ) THEN
1335	km_damp_y(j) = km_damp_max * MIN( 1.0, &
1336	( j - ( ny - outflow_damping_width ) ) / &
1337	REAL( outflow_damping_width/2 ) &
1338	)
1339	ELSE
1340	km_damp_y(j) = 0.0
1341	ENDIF
1342	ENDDO
1343
1344	ELSEIF ( bc_ns == 'radiation/dirichlet' ) THEN
1345
1346	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
1347	IF ( j <= outflow_damping_width ) THEN
1348	km_damp_y(j) = km_damp_max * MIN( 1.0, &
1349	( outflow_damping_width - j ) / &
1350	REAL( outflow_damping_width/2 ) &
1351	)
1352	ELSE
1353	km_damp_y(j) = 0.0
1354	ENDIF
1355	ENDDO
1356
1357	ENDIF
1358
1359	!
1360	!-- Initialize local summation arrays for UP flow_statistics. This is necessary
1361	!-- because they may not yet have been initialized when they are called from
1362	!-- flow_statistics (or - depending on the chosen model run - are never
1363	!-- initialized)
1364	sums_divnew_l = 0.0
1365	sums_divold_l = 0.0
1366	sums_l_l = 0.0
1367	sums_up_fraction_l = 0.0
1368	sums_wsts_bc_l = 0.0
1369
1370	!
1371	!-- Pre-set masks for regional statistics. Default is the total model domain.
1372	rmask = 1.0
1373
1374	!
1375	!-- User-defined initializing actions. Check afterwards, if maximum number
1376	!-- of allowed timeseries is not exceeded
1377	CALL user_init
1378
1379	IF ( dots_num > dots_max ) THEN
1380	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
1381	PRINT*, '+++ user_init: number of time series quantities exceeds', &
1382	' its maximum of dots_max = ', dots_max
1383	PRINT*, ' Please increase dots_max in modules.f90.'
1384	ENDIF
1385	CALL local_stop
1386	ENDIF
1387
1388	!
1389	!-- Input binary data file is not needed anymore. This line must be placed
1390	!-- after call of user_init!
1391	CALL close_file( 13 )
1392
1393	!
1394	!-- Compute total sum of active mask grid points
1395	!-- ngp_2dh: number of grid points of a horizontal cross section through the
1396	!-- total domain
1397	!-- ngp_3d: number of grid points of the total domain
1398	ngp_2dh_outer_l = 0
1399	ngp_2dh_outer = 0
1400	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l = 0
1401	ngp_2dh_s_inner = 0
1402	ngp_2dh_l = 0
1403	ngp_2dh = 0
1404	ngp_3d_inner_l = 0
1405	ngp_3d_inner = 0
1406	ngp_3d = 0
1407	ngp_sums = ( nz + 2 ) * ( pr_palm + max_pr_user )
1408
1409	DO sr = 0, statistic_regions
1410	DO i = nxl, nxr
1411	DO j = nys, nyn
1412	IF ( rmask(j,i,sr) == 1.0 ) THEN
1413	!
1414	!-- All xy-grid points
1415	ngp_2dh_l(sr) = ngp_2dh_l(sr) + 1
1416	!
1417	!-- xy-grid points above topography
1418	DO k = nzb_s_outer(j,i), nz + 1
1419	ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) + 1
1420	ENDDO
1421	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i), nz + 1
1422	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) + 1
1423	ENDDO
1424	!
1425	!-- All grid points of the total domain above topography
1426	ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) = ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) + &
1427	( nz - nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 2 )
1428	ENDIF
1429	ENDDO
1430	ENDDO
1431	ENDDO
1432
1433	sr = statistic_regions + 1
1434	#if defined( __parallel )
1435	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_l(0), ngp_2dh(0), sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, &
1436	comm2d, ierr )
1437	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_outer_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_outer(0,0), (nz+2)*sr, &
1438	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1439	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_s_inner(0,0), &
1440	(nz+2)*sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1441	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_3d_inner_l(0), ngp_3d_inner(0), sr, MPI_INTEGER, &
1442	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1443	#else
1444	ngp_2dh = ngp_2dh_l
1445	ngp_2dh_outer = ngp_2dh_outer_l
1446	ngp_2dh_s_inner = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l
1447	ngp_3d_inner = ngp_3d_inner_l
1448	#endif
1449
1450	ngp_3d = ngp_2dh * ( nz + 2 )
1451
1452	!
1453	!-- Set a lower limit of 1 in order to avoid zero divisions in flow_statistics,
1454	!-- buoyancy, etc. A zero value will occur for cases where all grid points of
1455	!-- the respective subdomain lie below the surface topography
1456	ngp_2dh_outer = MAX( 1, ngp_2dh_outer(:,:) )
1457	ngp_3d_inner = MAX( 1, ngp_3d_inner(:) )
1458
1459	DEALLOCATE( ngp_2dh_l, ngp_2dh_outer_l, ngp_3d_inner_l )
1460
1461
1462	END SUBROUTINE init_3d_model

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