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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/indoor_model_mod.f90 @ 4687

Last change on this file since 4687 was 4687, checked in by maronga, 4 years ago
bugfix in indoor model, code layout change in urban surface model, indoor model integrated in spinup mechanism
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File size: 105.1 KB

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1	!> @file indoor_model_mod.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
6	! Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
7	! (at your option) any later version.
8	!
9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
10	! implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General
11	! Public License for more details.
12	!
13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with PALM. If not, see
14	! <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
15	!
16	! Copyright 2018-2020 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
17	! Copyright 2018-2020 Hochschule Offenburg
18	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: indoor_model_mod.f90 4687 2020-09-21 19:40:16Z maronga $
27	! Bugfix: values of theta_m_t_prev were not stored for individual surfaces and thus re-used by all
28	! surfaces and buildings, which led to excessive indoor temperatures
29	!
30	! 4681 2020-09-16 10:23:06Z pavelkrc
31	! Bugfix for implementation of downward surfaces
32	!
33	! 4671 2020-09-09 20:27:58Z pavelkrc
34	! Implementation of downward facing USM and LSM surfaces
35	!
36	! 4646 2020-08-24 16:02:40Z raasch
37	! file re-formatted to follow the PALM coding standard
38	!
39	! 4481 2020-03-31 18:55:54Z maronga
40	! Change order of dimension in surface array %frac to allow for better vectorization.
41	!
42	! 4441 2020-03-04 19:20:35Z suehring
43	! Major bugfix in calculation of energy demand - floor-area-per-facade was wrongly calculated
44	! leading to unrealistically high energy demands and thus to unreallistically high waste-heat
45	! fluxes.
46	!
47	! 4346 2019-12-18 11:55:56Z motisi
48	! Introduction of wall_flags_total_0, which currently sets bits based on static topography
49	! information used in wall_flags_static_0
50	!
51	! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi
52	! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0
53	!
54	! 4310 2019-11-26 19:01:28Z suehring
55	! Remove dt_indoor from namelist input. The indoor model is an hourly-based model, calling it
56	! more/less often lead to inaccurate results.
57	!
58	! 4299 2019-11-22 10:13:38Z suehring
59	! Output of indoor temperature revised (to avoid non-defined values within buildings)
60	!
61	! 4267 2019-10-16 18:58:49Z suehring
62	! Bugfix in initialization, some indices to access building_pars where wrong.
63	! Introduction of seasonal parameters.
64	!
65	! 4246 2019-09-30 09:27:52Z pavelkrc
66	!
67	!
68	! 4242 2019-09-27 12:59:10Z suehring
69	! Bugfix in array index
70	!
71	! 4238 2019-09-25 16:06:01Z suehring
72	! - Bugfix in determination of minimum facade height and in location message
73	! - Bugfix, avoid division by zero
74	! - Some optimization
75	!
76	! 4227 2019-09-10 18:04:34Z gronemeier
77	! implement new palm_date_time_mod
78	!
79	! 4217 2019-09-04 09:47:05Z scharf
80	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
81	!
82	! 4209 2019-09-02 12:00:03Z suehring
83	! - Bugfix in initialization of indoor temperature
84	! - Prescibe default indoor temperature in case it is not given in the namelist input
85	!
86	! 4182 2019-08-21 14:37:54Z scharf
87	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
88	!
89	! 4148 2019-08-08 11:26:00Z suehring
90	! Bugfix in case of non grid-resolved buildings. Further, vertical grid spacing is now considered at
91	! the correct level.
92	! - change calculation of a_m and c_m
93	! - change calculation of u-values (use h_es in building array)
94	! - rename h_tr_... to h_t_...
95	! h_tr_em to h_t_wm
96	! h_tr_op to h_t_wall
97	! h_tr_w to h_t_es
98	! - rename h_ve to h_v
99	! - rename h_is to h_ms
100	! - inserted net_floor_area
101	! - inserted params_waste_heat_h, params_waste_heat_c from building database
102	! in building array
103	! - change calculation of q_waste_heat
104	! - bugfix in averaging mean indoor temperature
105	!
106	! 3759 2019-02-21 15:53:45Z suehring
107	! - Calculation of total building volume
108	! - Several bugfixes
109	! - Calculation of building height revised
110	!
111	! 3745 2019-02-15 18:57:56Z suehring
112	! - remove building_type from module
113	! - initialize parameters for each building individually instead of a bulk initializaion with
114	! identical building type for all
115	! - output revised
116	! - add missing _wp
117	! - some restructuring of variables in building data structure
118	!
119	! 3744 2019-02-15 18:38:58Z suehring
120	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
121	!
122	! 3469 2018-10-30 20:05:07Z kanani
123	! Initial revision (tlang, suehring, kanani, srissman)!
124	!
125	! Authors:
126	! --------
127	! @author Tobias Lang
128	! @author Jens Pfafferott
129	! @author Farah Kanani-Suehring
130	! @author Matthias Suehring
131	! @author Sascha RiÃmann
132	! @author BjÃ¶rn Maronga
133	!
134	!
135	! Description:
136	! ------------
137	!> Module for Indoor Climate Model (ICM)
138	!> The module is based on the DIN EN ISO 13790 with simplified hour-based procedure.
139	!> This model is a equivalent circuit diagram of a three-point RC-model (5R1C).
140	!> This module differs between indoor-air temperature an average temperature of indoor surfaces which make it prossible to determine
141	!> thermal comfort
142	!> the heat transfer between indoor and outdoor is simplified
143
144	!> @todo Many statement comments that are given as doxygen comments need to be changed to normal comments
145	!> @todo Replace window_area_per_facade by %frac(1,m) for window
146	!> @todo emissivity change for window blinds if solar_protection_on=1
147
148	!> @note Do we allow use of integer flags, or only logical flags? (concerns e.g. cooling_on, heating_on)
149	!> @note How to write indoor temperature output to pt array?
150	!>
151	!> @bug Calculation of iwghf_eb and iwghf_eb_window is faulty
152	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
153	MODULE indoor_model_mod
154
155	USE arrays_3d, &
156	ONLY: ddzw, &
157	dzw, &
158	pt
159
160	USE control_parameters, &
161	ONLY: initializing_actions
162
163	USE kinds
164
165	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
166	ONLY: building_id_f, building_type_f
167
168	USE palm_date_time_mod, &
169	ONLY: get_date_time, northward_equinox, seconds_per_hour, southward_equinox
170
171	USE surface_mod, &
172	ONLY: surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
173
174
175	IMPLICIT NONE
176
177	!
178	!-- Define data structure for buidlings.
179	TYPE build
180
181	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< building ID
182	INTEGER(iwp) :: kb_max !< highest vertical index of a building
183	INTEGER(iwp) :: kb_min !< lowest vertical index of a building
184	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_h = 0 !< total number of horizontal facades elements
185	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_h_l = 0 !< number of horizontal facade elements on local subdomain
186	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_v = 0 !< total number of vertical facades elements
187	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_v_l = 0 !< number of vertical facade elements on local subdomain
188	INTEGER(iwp) :: ventilation_int_loads !< [-] allocation of activity in the building
189
190	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: l_h !< index array linking surface-element orientation index
191	!< for horizontal surfaces with building
192	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: l_v !< index array linking surface-element orientation index
193	!< for vertical surfaces with building
194	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: m_h !< index array linking surface-element index for
195	!< horizontal surfaces with building
196	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: m_v !< index array linking surface-element index for
197	!< vertical surfaces with building
198	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facade_h !< number of horizontal facade elements per buidling
199	!< and height level
200	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facade_v !< number of vertical facades elements per buidling
201	!< and height level
202
203
204	LOGICAL :: on_pe = .FALSE. !< flag indicating whether a building with certain ID is on local subdomain
205
206	REAL(wp) :: air_change_high !< [1/h] air changes per time_utc_hour
207	REAL(wp) :: air_change_low !< [1/h] air changes per time_utc_hour
208	REAL(wp) :: area_facade !< [m2] area of total facade
209	REAL(wp) :: building_height !< building height
210	REAL(wp) :: eta_ve !< [-] heat recovery efficiency
211	REAL(wp) :: factor_a !< [-] Dynamic parameters specific effective surface according to Table 12; 2.5
212	!< (very light, light and medium), 3.0 (heavy), 3.5 (very heavy)
213	REAL(wp) :: factor_c !< [J/(m2 K)] Dynamic parameters inner heatstorage according to Table 12; 80000
214	!< (very light), 110000 (light), 165000 (medium), 260000 (heavy), 370000 (very heavy)
215	REAL(wp) :: f_c_win !< [-] shading factor
216	REAL(wp) :: fapf !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade
217	REAL(wp) :: g_value_win !< [-] SHGC factor
218	REAL(wp) :: h_es !< [W/(m2 K)] surface-related heat transfer coefficient between extern and surface
219	REAL(wp) :: height_cei_con !< [m] ceiling construction heigth
220	REAL(wp) :: height_storey !< [m] storey heigth
221	REAL(wp) :: params_waste_heat_c !< [-] anthropogenic heat outputs for cooling e.g. 1.33 for KKM with COP = 3
222	REAL(wp) :: params_waste_heat_h !< [-] anthropogenic heat outputs for heating e.g. 1 - 0.9 = 0.1 for combustion with
223	!< eta = 0.9 or -2 for WP with COP = 3
224	REAL(wp) :: phi_c_max !< [W] Max. Cooling capacity (negative)
225	REAL(wp) :: phi_h_max !< [W] Max. Heating capacity (positive)
226	REAL(wp) :: q_c_max !< [W/m2] Max. Cooling heat flux per netto floor area (negative)
227	REAL(wp) :: q_h_max !< [W/m2] Max. Heating heat flux per netto floor area (positive)
228	REAL(wp) :: qint_high !< [W/m2] internal heat gains, option Database qint_0-23
229	REAL(wp) :: qint_low !< [W/m2] internal heat gains, option Database qint_0-23
230	REAL(wp) :: lambda_at !< [-] ratio internal surface/floor area chap. 7.2.2.2.
231	REAL(wp) :: lambda_layer3 !< [W/(m*K)] Thermal conductivity of the inner layer
232	REAL(wp) :: net_floor_area !< [m2] netto ground area
233	REAL(wp) :: s_layer3 !< [m] half thickness of the inner layer (layer_3)
234	REAL(wp) :: theta_int_c_set !< [degree_C] Max. Setpoint temperature (summer)
235	REAL(wp) :: theta_int_h_set !< [degree_C] Max. Setpoint temperature (winter)
236	REAL(wp) :: u_value_win !< [W/(m2*K)] transmittance
237	REAL(wp) :: vol_tot !< [m3] total building volume
238
239	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in !< mean building indoor temperature, height dependent
240	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in_l !< mean building indoor temperature on local subdomain, height dependent
241	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: theta_m_t_prev_h !< [degree_C] value of theta_m_t from previous time step (horizontal)
242	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: theta_m_t_prev_v !< [degree_C] value of theta_m_t from previous time step (vertical)
243	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: volume !< total building volume, height dependent
244	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vol_frac !< fraction of local on total building volume, height dependent
245	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vpf !< building volume volume per facade element, height dependent
246
247	END TYPE build
248
249	TYPE(build), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: buildings !< building array
250
251	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_build !< total number of buildings in domain
252	!
253	!-- Declare all global variables within the module
254
255	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: dt_indoor = 3600.0_wp !< [s] time interval for indoor-model application, fixed to
256	!< 3600.0 due to model requirements
257	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: h_is = 3.45_wp !< [W/(m2 K)] surface-related heat transfer coefficient between
258	!< surface and air (chap. 7.2.2.2)
259	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: h_ms = 9.1_wp !< [W/(m2 K)] surface-related heat transfer coefficient between
260	!< component and surface (chap. 12.2.2)
261	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_f_f = 0.3_wp !< [-] frame ratio chap. 8.3.2.1.1 for buildings with mostly
262	!< cooling 2.0_wp
263	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_f_w = 0.9_wp !< [-] correction factor (fuer nicht senkrechten Stahlungseinfall
264	!< DIN 4108-2 chap.8, (hier konstant, keine WinkelabhÃ€ngigkeit)
265	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_f_win = 0.5_wp !< [-] proportion of window area, Database A_win aus
266	!< Datenbank 27 window_area_per_facade_percent
267	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_solar_protection = 300.0_wp !< [W/m2] chap. G.5.3.1 sun protection closed, if the radiation
268	!< on facade exceeds this value
269
270	INTEGER(iwp) :: cooling_on !< Indoor cooling flag (0=off, 1=on)
271	INTEGER(iwp) :: heating_on !< Indoor heating flag (0=off, 1=on)
272	INTEGER(iwp) :: solar_protection_off !< Solar protection off
273	INTEGER(iwp) :: solar_protection_on !< Solar protection on
274
275
276	REAL(wp) :: a_m !< [m2] the effective mass-related area
277	REAL(wp) :: air_change !< [1/h] Airflow
278	REAL(wp) :: c_m !< [J/K] internal heat storage capacity
279	REAL(wp) :: facade_element_area !< [m2_facade] building surface facade
280	REAL(wp) :: floor_area_per_facade !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade area
281	REAL(wp) :: h_t_1 !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variable 1
282	REAL(wp) :: h_t_2 !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variable 2
283	REAL(wp) :: h_t_3 !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variable 3
284	REAL(wp) :: h_t_es !< [W/K] heat transfer coefficient of doors, windows, curtain walls and
285	!< glazed walls (assumption: thermal mass=0)
286	REAL(wp) :: h_t_is !< [W/K] thermal coupling conductance (Thermischer Kopplungsleitwert)
287	REAL(wp) :: h_t_ms !< [W/K] Heat transfer conductance term (got with h_t_wm the thermal mass)
288	REAL(wp) :: h_t_wall !< [W/K] heat transfer coefficient of opaque components (assumption: got all
289	!< thermal mass) contains of h_t_wm and h_t_ms
290	REAL(wp) :: h_t_wm !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient of the emmision (got with h_t_ms the
291	!< thermal mass)
292	REAL(wp) :: h_v !< [W/K] heat transfer of ventilation
293	REAL(wp) :: indoor_volume_per_facade !< [m3] indoor air volume per facade element
294	REAL(wp) :: initial_indoor_temperature = 293.15 !< [K] initial indoor temperature (namelist parameter)
295	REAL(wp) :: net_sw_in !< [W/m2] net short-wave radiation
296	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd !< [W] heating demand and/or cooling demand
297	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_10 !< [W] heating demand and/or cooling demand for heating or cooling
298	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_ac !< [W] actual heating demand and/or cooling demand
299	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_un !< [W] unlimited heating demand and/or cooling demand which is necessary to
300	!< reach the demanded required temperature (heating is positive,
301	!< cooling is negative)
302	REAL(wp) :: phi_ia !< [W] internal air load = internal loads * 0.5, Eq. (C.1)
303	REAL(wp) :: phi_m !< [W] mass specific thermal load (internal and external)
304	REAL(wp) :: phi_mtot !< [W] total mass specific thermal load (internal and external)
305	REAL(wp) :: phi_sol !< [W] solar loads
306	REAL(wp) :: phi_st !< [W] mass specific thermal load implied non thermal mass
307	REAL(wp) :: q_wall_win !< [W/m2]heat flux from indoor into wall/window
308	REAL(wp) :: q_waste_heat !< [W/m2]waste heat, sum of waste heat over the roof to Palm
309
310	REAL(wp) :: q_c_m !< [W] Energy of thermal storage mass specific thermal load for internal
311	!< and external heatsources (for energy bilanz)
312	REAL(wp) :: q_c_st !< [W] Energy of thermal storage mass specific thermal load implied non
313	!< thermal mass (for energy bilanz)
314	REAL(wp) :: q_int !< [W] Energy of internal air load (for energy bilanz)
315	REAL(wp) :: q_sol !< [W] Energy of solar (for energy bilanz)
316	REAL(wp) :: q_trans !< [W] Energy of transmission (for energy bilanz)
317	REAL(wp) :: q_vent !< [W] Energy of ventilation (for energy bilanz)
318
319	REAL(wp) :: schedule_d !< [-] activation for internal loads (low or high + low)
320	REAL(wp) :: skip_time_do_indoor = 0.0_wp !< [s] Indoor model is not called before this time
321	REAL(wp) :: theta_air !< [degree_C] air temperature of the RC-node
322	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_0 !< [degree_C] air temperature of the RC-node in equilibrium
323	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_10 !< [degree_C] air temperature of the RC-node from a heating capacity
324	!< of 10 W/m2
325	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_ac !< [degree_C] actual room temperature after heating/cooling
326	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_set !< [degree_C] Setpoint_temperature for the room
327	REAL(wp) :: theta_m !< [degree_C} inner temperature of the RC-node
328	REAL(wp) :: theta_m_t !< [degree_C] (Fictive) component temperature during timestep
329	REAL(wp) :: theta_op !< [degree_C] operative temperature
330	REAL(wp) :: theta_s !< [degree_C] surface temperature of the RC-node
331	REAL(wp) :: time_indoor = 0.0_wp !< [s] time since last call of indoor model
332	REAL(wp) :: total_area !< [m2] area of all surfaces pointing to zone
333	REAL(wp) :: window_area_per_facade !< [m2] window area per facade element
334
335	!
336	!-- Definition of seasonal parameters, summer and winter, for different building types
337	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:1,1:7) :: summer_pars = RESHAPE( (/ & ! building_type 1
338	0.5_wp, & ! basical airflow without occupancy of the room
339	2.0_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
340	0.5_wp, & ! building_type 2: basical airflow without occupancy
341	! of the room
342	2.0_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
343	0.8_wp, & ! building_type 3: basical airflow without occupancy
344	! of the room
345	2.0_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
346	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 4: basical airflow without occupancy
347	! of the room
348	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
349	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 5: basical airflow without occupancy
350	! of the room
351	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
352	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 6: basical airflow without occupancy
353	! of the room
354	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
355	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 7: basical airflow without occupancy
356	! of the room
357	1.5_wp & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
358	/), (/ 2, 7 /) )
359
360	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:1,1:7) :: winter_pars = RESHAPE( (/ & ! building_type 1
361	0.1_wp, & ! basical airflow without occupancy of the room
362	0.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
363	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 2: basical airflow without occupancy
364	! of the room
365	0.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
366	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 3: basical airflow without occupancy
367	! of the room
368	0.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
369	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 4: basical airflow without occupancy
370	! of the room
371	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
372	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 5: basical airflow without occupancy
373	! of the room
374	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
375	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 6: basical airflow without occupancy
376	! of the room
377	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
378	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 7: basical airflow without occupancy
379	! of the room
380	1.5_wp & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
381	/), (/ 2, 7 /) )
382
383	SAVE
384
385
386	PRIVATE
387
388	!
389	!-- Add INTERFACES that must be available to other modules
390	PUBLIC im_init, im_main_heatcool, im_parin, im_define_netcdf_grid, im_check_data_output, &
391	im_data_output_3d, im_check_parameters
392
393
394	!
395	!-- Add VARIABLES that must be available to other modules
396	PUBLIC dt_indoor, skip_time_do_indoor, time_indoor
397
398	!
399	!-- PALM interfaces:
400	!-- Data output checks for 2D/3D data to be done in check_parameters
401	INTERFACE im_check_data_output
402	MODULE PROCEDURE im_check_data_output
403	END INTERFACE im_check_data_output
404	!
405	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
406	INTERFACE im_check_parameters
407	MODULE PROCEDURE im_check_parameters
408	END INTERFACE im_check_parameters
409	!
410	!-- Data output of 3D data
411	INTERFACE im_data_output_3d
412	MODULE PROCEDURE im_data_output_3d
413	END INTERFACE im_data_output_3d
414
415	!
416	!-- Definition of data output quantities
417	INTERFACE im_define_netcdf_grid
418	MODULE PROCEDURE im_define_netcdf_grid
419	END INTERFACE im_define_netcdf_grid
420	!
421	! !
422	! !-- Output of information to the header file
423	! INTERFACE im_header
424	! MODULE PROCEDURE im_header
425	! END INTERFACE im_header
426	!
427	!-- Calculations for indoor temperatures
428	INTERFACE im_calc_temperatures
429	MODULE PROCEDURE im_calc_temperatures
430	END INTERFACE im_calc_temperatures
431	!
432	!-- Initialization actions
433	INTERFACE im_init
434	MODULE PROCEDURE im_init
435	END INTERFACE im_init
436	!
437	!-- Main part of indoor model
438	INTERFACE im_main_heatcool
439	MODULE PROCEDURE im_main_heatcool
440	END INTERFACE im_main_heatcool
441	!
442	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
443	INTERFACE im_parin
444	MODULE PROCEDURE im_parin
445	END INTERFACE im_parin
446
447	CONTAINS
448
449	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
450	! Description:
451	! ------------
452	!< Calculation of the air temperatures and mean radiation temperature.
453	!< This is basis for the operative temperature.
454	!< Based on a Crank-Nicholson scheme with a timestep of a hour.
455	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
456	SUBROUTINE im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_window_temperature, &
457	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd_dummy, theta_m_t_prev )
458
459	INTEGER(iwp) :: i
460	INTEGER(iwp) :: j
461	INTEGER(iwp) :: k
462
463	REAL(wp) :: indoor_wall_window_temperature !< weighted temperature of innermost wall/window layer
464	REAL(wp) :: near_facade_temperature
465	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_dummy
466	REAL(wp), INTENT(IN) :: theta_m_t_prev
467	!
468	!-- Calculation of total mass specific thermal load (internal and external)
469	phi_mtot = ( phi_m + h_t_wm * indoor_wall_window_temperature &
470	+ h_t_3 * ( phi_st + h_t_es * pt(k,j,i) &
471	+ h_t_1 * &
472	( ( ( phi_ia + phi_hc_nd_dummy ) / h_v ) &
473	+ near_facade_temperature ) &
474	) / h_t_2 &
475	) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.5)
476	!
477	!-- Calculation of component temperature at current timestep
478	theta_m_t = ( ( theta_m_t_prev &
479	* ( ( c_m / 3600.0_wp ) - 0.5_wp * ( h_t_3 + h_t_wm ) ) &
480	+ phi_mtot &
481	) &
482	/ ( ( c_m / 3600.0_wp ) + 0.5_wp * ( h_t_3 + h_t_wm ) ) &
483	) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.4)
484	!
485	!-- Calculation of mean inner temperature for the RC-node in current timestep
486	theta_m = ( theta_m_t + theta_m_t_prev ) * 0.5_wp !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.9)
487
488	!
489	!-- Calculation of mean surface temperature of the RC-node in current timestep
490	theta_s = ( ( h_t_ms * theta_m + phi_st + h_t_es * pt(k,j,i) &
491	+ h_t_1 * ( near_facade_temperature &
492	+ ( phi_ia + phi_hc_nd_dummy ) / h_v ) &
493	) &
494	/ ( h_t_ms + h_t_es + h_t_1 ) &
495	) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.10)
496
497	!
498	!-- Calculation of the air temperature of the RC-node
499
500
501	theta_air = ( h_t_is * theta_s + h_v * near_facade_temperature + phi_ia + phi_hc_nd_dummy ) / &
502	( h_t_is + h_v ) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.11)
503
504
505	END SUBROUTINE im_calc_temperatures
506
507
508	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
509	! Description:
510	! ------------
511	!> Initialization of the indoor model.
512	!> Static information are calculated here, e.g. building parameters and geometrical information,
513	!> anything that doesn't change in time.
514	!
515	!-- Input values
516	!-- Input datas from Palm, M4
517	! i_global --> net_sw_in !< global radiation [W/m2]
518	! theta_e --> pt(k,j,i) !< undisturbed outside temperature, 1. PALM volume, for windows
519	! theta_sup = theta_f --> surf_usm_h%pt_10cm(m)
520	! surf_usm_v(l)%pt_10cm(m) !< Air temperature, facade near (10cm) air temperature from
521	!< 1. Palm volume
522	! theta_node --> t_wall_h(nzt_wall,m)
523	! t_wall_v(l)%t(nzt_wall,m) !< Temperature of innermost wall layer, for opaque wall
524	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
525	SUBROUTINE im_init
526
527	USE control_parameters, &
528	ONLY: message_string, time_since_reference_point
529
530	USE indices, &
531	ONLY: nxl, nxr, nyn, nys, nzb, nzt, wall_flags_total_0
532
533	USE grid_variables, &
534	ONLY: dx, dy
535
536	USE pegrid
537
538	USE surface_mod, &
539	ONLY: surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
540
541	USE urban_surface_mod, &
542	ONLY: building_pars, building_type
543
544	INTEGER(iwp) :: bt !< local building type
545	INTEGER(iwp) :: day_of_year !< day of the year
546	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index along x-direction
547	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index along y-direction
548	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index along z-direction
549	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index for surface-element orientation
550	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index surface elements
551	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< building index
552	INTEGER(iwp) :: nb !< building index
553
554	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids !< building IDs on entire model domain
555	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_final !< building IDs on entire model domain,
556	!< multiple occurences are sorted out
557	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_final_tmp !< temporary array used for resizing
558	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_l !< building IDs on local subdomain
559	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_l_tmp !< temporary array used to resize array of building IDs
560	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displace_dum !< displacements of start addresses, used for MPI_ALLGATHERV
561	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_max_l !< highest vertical index of a building on subdomain
562	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_min_l !< lowest vertical index of a building on subdomain
563	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: n_fa !< counting array
564	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facades_h !< dummy array used for summing-up total number of
565	!< horizontal facade elements
566	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facades_v !< dummy array used for summing-up total number of
567	!< vertical facade elements
568	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: receive_dum_h !< dummy array used for MPI_ALLREDUCE
569	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: receive_dum_v !< dummy array used for MPI_ALLREDUCE
570
571	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(0:numprocs-1) :: num_buildings !< number of buildings with different ID on entire model domain
572	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(0:numprocs-1) :: num_buildings_l !< number of buildings with different ID on local subdomain
573
574	REAL(wp) :: u_tmp !< dummy for temporary calculation of u-value without h_is
575	REAL(wp) :: du_tmp !< 1/u_tmp
576	REAL(wp) :: du_win_tmp !< 1/building(nb)%u_value_win
577	REAL(wp) :: facade_area_v !< dummy to compute the total facade area from vertical walls
578
579	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: volume !< total building volume at each discrete height level
580	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: volume_l !< total building volume at each discrete height level,
581	!< on local subdomain
582
583	CALL location_message( 'initializing indoor model', 'start' )
584	!
585	!-- Initializing of indoor model is only possible if buildings can be distinguished by their IDs.
586	IF ( .NOT. building_id_f%from_file ) THEN
587	message_string = 'Indoor model requires information about building_id'
588	CALL message( 'im_init', 'PA0999', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
589	ENDIF
590	!
591	!-- Determine number of different building IDs on local subdomain.
592	num_buildings_l = 0
593	num_buildings = 0
594	ALLOCATE( build_ids_l(1) )
595	DO i = nxl, nxr
596	DO j = nys, nyn
597	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
598	IF ( num_buildings_l(myid) > 0 ) THEN
599	IF ( ANY( building_id_f%var(j,i) == build_ids_l ) ) THEN
600	CYCLE
601	ELSE
602	num_buildings_l(myid) = num_buildings_l(myid) + 1
603	!
604	!-- Resize array with different local building ids
605	ALLOCATE( build_ids_l_tmp(1:SIZE(build_ids_l)) )
606	build_ids_l_tmp = build_ids_l
607	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_l )
608	ALLOCATE( build_ids_l(1:num_buildings_l(myid)) )
609	build_ids_l(1:num_buildings_l(myid)-1) = &
610	build_ids_l_tmp(1:num_buildings_l(myid)-1)
611	build_ids_l(num_buildings_l(myid)) = building_id_f%var(j,i)
612	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_l_tmp )
613	ENDIF
614	!
615	!-- First occuring building id on PE
616	ELSE
617	num_buildings_l(myid) = num_buildings_l(myid) + 1
618	build_ids_l(1) = building_id_f%var(j,i)
619	ENDIF
620	ENDIF
621	ENDDO
622	ENDDO
623	!
624	!-- Determine number of building IDs for the entire domain. (Note, building IDs can appear multiple
625	!-- times as buildings might be distributed over several PEs.)
626	#if defined( __parallel )
627	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( num_buildings_l, num_buildings, numprocs, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, &
628	ierr )
629	#else
630	num_buildings = num_buildings_l
631	#endif
632	ALLOCATE( build_ids(1:SUM(num_buildings)) )
633	!
634	!-- Gather building IDs. Therefore, first, determine displacements used required for MPI_GATHERV
635	!-- call.
636	ALLOCATE( displace_dum(0:numprocs-1) )
637	displace_dum(0) = 0
638	DO i = 1, numprocs-1
639	displace_dum(i) = displace_dum(i-1) + num_buildings(i-1)
640	ENDDO
641
642	#if defined( __parallel )
643	CALL MPI_ALLGATHERV( build_ids_l(1:num_buildings_l(myid)), &
644	num_buildings(myid), &
645	MPI_INTEGER, &
646	build_ids, &
647	num_buildings, &
648	displace_dum, &
649	MPI_INTEGER, &
650	comm2d, ierr )
651
652	DEALLOCATE( displace_dum )
653
654	#else
655	build_ids = build_ids_l
656	#endif
657	!
658	!-- Note: in parallel mode, building IDs can occur mutliple times, as each PE has send its own ids.
659	!-- Therefore, sort out building IDs which appear multiple times.
660	num_build = 0
661	DO n = 1, SIZE(build_ids)
662
663	IF ( ALLOCATED(build_ids_final) ) THEN
664	IF ( ANY( build_ids(n) == build_ids_final ) ) THEN
665	CYCLE
666	ELSE
667	num_build = num_build + 1
668	!
669	!-- Resize
670	ALLOCATE( build_ids_final_tmp(1:num_build) )
671	build_ids_final_tmp(1:num_build-1) = build_ids_final(1:num_build-1)
672	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_final )
673	ALLOCATE( build_ids_final(1:num_build) )
674	build_ids_final(1:num_build-1) = build_ids_final_tmp(1:num_build-1)
675	build_ids_final(num_build) = build_ids(n)
676	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_final_tmp )
677	ENDIF
678	ELSE
679	num_build = num_build + 1
680	ALLOCATE( build_ids_final(1:num_build) )
681	build_ids_final(num_build) = build_ids(n)
682	ENDIF
683	ENDDO
684
685	!
686	!-- Allocate building-data structure array. Note, this is a global array and all building IDs on
687	!-- domain are known by each PE. Further attributes, e.g. height-dependent arrays, however, are only
688	!-- allocated on PEs where the respective building is present (in order to reduce memory demands).
689	ALLOCATE( buildings(1:num_build) )
690
691	!
692	!-- Store building IDs and check if building with certain ID is present on subdomain.
693	DO nb = 1, num_build
694	buildings(nb)%id = build_ids_final(nb)
695
696	IF ( ANY( building_id_f%var(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) == buildings(nb)%id ) ) &
697	buildings(nb)%on_pe = .TRUE.
698	ENDDO
699	!
700	!-- Determine the maximum vertical dimension occupied by each building.
701	ALLOCATE( k_min_l(1:num_build) )
702	ALLOCATE( k_max_l(1:num_build) )
703	k_min_l = nzt + 1
704	k_max_l = 0
705
706	DO i = nxl, nxr
707	DO j = nys, nyn
708	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
709	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
710	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
711	!
712	!-- Check if grid point belongs to a building.
713	IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 6 ) ) THEN
714	k_min_l(nb) = MIN( k_min_l(nb), k )
715	k_max_l(nb) = MAX( k_max_l(nb), k )
716	ENDIF
717
718	ENDDO
719	ENDIF
720	ENDDO
721	ENDDO
722
723	#if defined( __parallel )
724	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( k_min_l(:), buildings(:)%kb_min, num_build, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_MIN, comm2d, &
725	ierr )
726	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( k_max_l(:), buildings(:)%kb_max, num_build, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_MAX, comm2d, &
727	ierr )
728	#else
729	buildings(:)%kb_min = k_min_l(:)
730	buildings(:)%kb_max = k_max_l(:)
731	#endif
732
733	DEALLOCATE( k_min_l )
734	DEALLOCATE( k_max_l )
735	!
736	!-- Calculate building height.
737	DO nb = 1, num_build
738	buildings(nb)%building_height = 0.0_wp
739	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
740	buildings(nb)%building_height = buildings(nb)%building_height + dzw(k+1)
741	ENDDO
742	ENDDO
743	!
744	!-- Calculate building volume
745	DO nb = 1, num_build
746	!
747	!-- Allocate temporary array for summing-up building volume
748	ALLOCATE( volume(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
749	ALLOCATE( volume_l(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
750	volume = 0.0_wp
751	volume_l = 0.0_wp
752	!
753	!-- Calculate building volume per height level on each PE where these building is present.
754	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
755
756	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%volume(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
757	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%vol_frac(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
758	buildings(nb)%volume = 0.0_wp
759	buildings(nb)%vol_frac = 0.0_wp
760
761	IF ( ANY( building_id_f%var(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) == buildings(nb)%id ) ) THEN
762	DO i = nxl, nxr
763	DO j = nys, nyn
764	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
765	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) &
766	volume_l(k) = volume_l(k) + dx * dy * dzw(k+1)
767	ENDDO
768	ENDDO
769	ENDDO
770	ENDIF
771	ENDIF
772	!
773	!-- Sum-up building volume from all subdomains
774	#if defined( __parallel )
775	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_l, volume, SIZE(volume), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
776	#else
777	volume = volume_l
778	#endif
779	!
780	!-- Save total building volume as well as local fraction on volume on building data structure.
781	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%volume ) ) buildings(nb)%volume = volume
782	!
783	!-- Determine fraction of local on total building volume
784	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) buildings(nb)%vol_frac = volume_l / volume
785	!
786	!-- Calculate total building volume
787	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%volume ) ) buildings(nb)%vol_tot = SUM( buildings(nb)%volume )
788
789	DEALLOCATE( volume )
790	DEALLOCATE( volume_l )
791
792	ENDDO
793	!
794	!-- Allocate arrays for indoor temperature.
795	DO nb = 1, num_build
796	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
797	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%t_in(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
798	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%t_in_l(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
799	buildings(nb)%t_in = 0.0_wp
800	buildings(nb)%t_in_l = 0.0_wp
801	ENDIF
802	ENDDO
803	!
804	!-- Allocate arrays for number of facades per height level. Distinguish between horizontal and
805	!-- vertical facades.
806	DO nb = 1, num_build
807	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
808	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
809	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
810
811	buildings(nb)%num_facade_h = 0
812	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v = 0
813	ENDIF
814	ENDDO
815	!
816	!-- Determine number of facade elements per building on local subdomain.
817	!-- Distinguish between horizontal and vertical facade elements.
818	!
819	!-- Horizontal facades
820	buildings(:)%num_facades_per_building_h_l = 0
821	DO l = 0, 1
822	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(l)%ns
823	!
824	!-- For the current facade element determine corresponding building index.
825	!-- First, obtain j,j,k indices of the building. Please note the offset between facade/surface
826	!-- element and building location (for horizontal surface elements the horizontal offsets are
827	!-- zero).
828	i = surf_usm_h(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%ioff
829	j = surf_usm_h(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%joff
830	k = surf_usm_h(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%koff
831	!
832	!-- Determine building index and check whether building is on PE.
833	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
834
835	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
836	!
837	!-- Count number of facade elements at each height level.
838	buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) = buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + 1
839	!
840	!-- Moreover, sum up number of local facade elements per building.
841	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l = &
842	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l + 1
843	ENDIF
844	ENDDO
845	ENDDO
846	!
847	!-- Vertical facades
848	buildings(:)%num_facades_per_building_v_l = 0
849	DO l = 0, 3
850	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
851	!
852	!-- For the current facade element determine corresponding building index.
853	!-- First, obtain j,j,k indices of the building. Please note the offset between facade/surface
854	!-- element and building location (for vertical surface elements the vertical offsets are
855	!-- zero).
856	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
857	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%joff
858	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%koff
859
860	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
861	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
862	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) = buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) + 1
863	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l = &
864	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l + 1
865	ENDIF
866	ENDDO
867	ENDDO
868	!
869	!-- Determine total number of facade elements per building and assign number to building data type.
870	DO nb = 1, num_build
871	!
872	!-- Allocate dummy array used for summing-up facade elements.
873	!-- Please note, dummy arguments are necessary as building-date type arrays are not necessarily
874	!-- allocated on all PEs.
875	ALLOCATE( num_facades_h(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
876	ALLOCATE( num_facades_v(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
877	ALLOCATE( receive_dum_h(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
878	ALLOCATE( receive_dum_v(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
879	num_facades_h = 0
880	num_facades_v = 0
881	receive_dum_h = 0
882	receive_dum_v = 0
883
884	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
885	num_facades_h = buildings(nb)%num_facade_h
886	num_facades_v = buildings(nb)%num_facade_v
887	ENDIF
888
889	#if defined( __parallel )
890	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( num_facades_h, &
891	receive_dum_h, &
892	buildings(nb)%kb_max - buildings(nb)%kb_min + 1, &
893	MPI_INTEGER, &
894	MPI_SUM, &
895	comm2d, &
896	ierr )
897
898	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( num_facades_v, &
899	receive_dum_v, &
900	buildings(nb)%kb_max - buildings(nb)%kb_min + 1, &
901	MPI_INTEGER, &
902	MPI_SUM, &
903	comm2d, &
904	ierr )
905	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h ) ) buildings(nb)%num_facade_h = receive_dum_h
906	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%num_facade_v ) ) buildings(nb)%num_facade_v = receive_dum_v
907	#else
908	buildings(nb)%num_facade_h = num_facades_h
909	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v = num_facades_v
910	#endif
911
912	!
913	!-- Deallocate dummy arrays
914	DEALLOCATE( num_facades_h )
915	DEALLOCATE( num_facades_v )
916	DEALLOCATE( receive_dum_h )
917	DEALLOCATE( receive_dum_v )
918	!
919	!-- Allocate index arrays which link facade elements with surface-data type.
920	!-- Please note, no height levels are considered here (information is stored in surface-data type
921	!-- itself).
922	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
923	!
924	!-- Determine number of facade elements per building.
925	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h = SUM( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h )
926	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v = SUM( buildings(nb)%num_facade_v )
927	!
928	!-- Allocate arrays which link the building with the horizontal and vertical urban-type
929	!-- surfaces. Please note, linking arrays are allocated over all facade elements, which is
930	!-- required in case a building is located at the subdomain boundaries, where the building and
931	!-- the corresponding surface elements are located on different subdomains.
932	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%l_h(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l) )
933	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%m_h(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l) )
934
935	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%l_v(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l) )
936	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%m_v(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l) )
937
938	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l) )
939	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l) )
940	ENDIF
941
942	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
943	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%vpf(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
944	buildings(nb)%vpf = 0.0_wp
945
946	facade_area_v = 0.0_wp
947	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
948	facade_area_v = facade_area_v + buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) * dzw(k+1) * dx
949	ENDDO
950	!
951	!-- Determine volume per total facade area (vpf). For the horizontal facade area
952	!-- num_facades_per_building_h can be taken, multiplied with dx*dy.
953	!-- However, due to grid stretching, vertical facade elements must be summed-up vertically.
954	!-- Please note, if dx /= dy, an error is made!
955	buildings(nb)%vpf = buildings(nb)%vol_tot / &
956	( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h * dx * dy + facade_area_v )
957	!
958	!-- Determine floor-area-per-facade.
959	buildings(nb)%fapf = buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h * dx * dy &
960	/ ( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h * dx * dy &
961	+ facade_area_v )
962	ENDIF
963	ENDDO
964	!
965	!-- Link facade elements with surface data type.
966	!-- Allocate array for counting.
967	ALLOCATE( n_fa(1:num_build) )
968	n_fa = 1
969
970	DO l = 0, 1
971	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(l)%ns
972	i = surf_usm_h(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%ioff
973	j = surf_usm_h(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%joff
974
975	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
976
977	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
978	buildings(nb)%l_h(n_fa(nb)) = l
979	buildings(nb)%m_h(n_fa(nb)) = m
980	n_fa(nb) = n_fa(nb) + 1
981	ENDIF
982	ENDDO
983	ENDDO
984
985	n_fa = 1
986	DO l = 0, 3
987	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
988	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
989	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%joff
990
991	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
992
993	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
994	buildings(nb)%l_v(n_fa(nb)) = l
995	buildings(nb)%m_v(n_fa(nb)) = m
996	n_fa(nb) = n_fa(nb) + 1
997	ENDIF
998	ENDDO
999	ENDDO
1000	DEALLOCATE( n_fa )
1001	!
1002	!-- Initialize building parameters, first by mean building type. Note, in this case all buildings
1003	!-- have the same type.
1004	!-- In a second step initialize with building tpyes from static input file, where building types can
1005	!-- be individual for each building.
1006	buildings(:)%lambda_layer3 = building_pars(31,building_type)
1007	buildings(:)%s_layer3 = building_pars(44,building_type)
1008	buildings(:)%f_c_win = building_pars(119,building_type)
1009	buildings(:)%g_value_win = building_pars(120,building_type)
1010	buildings(:)%u_value_win = building_pars(121,building_type)
1011	buildings(:)%eta_ve = building_pars(124,building_type)
1012	buildings(:)%factor_a = building_pars(125,building_type)
1013	buildings(:)%factor_c = building_pars(126,building_type)
1014	buildings(:)%lambda_at = building_pars(127,building_type)
1015	buildings(:)%theta_int_h_set = building_pars(13,building_type)
1016	buildings(:)%theta_int_c_set = building_pars(12,building_type)
1017	buildings(:)%q_h_max = building_pars(128,building_type)
1018	buildings(:)%q_c_max = building_pars(129,building_type)
1019	buildings(:)%qint_high = building_pars(130,building_type)
1020	buildings(:)%qint_low = building_pars(131,building_type)
1021	buildings(:)%height_storey = building_pars(132,building_type)
1022	buildings(:)%height_cei_con = building_pars(133,building_type)
1023	buildings(:)%params_waste_heat_h = building_pars(134,building_type)
1024	buildings(:)%params_waste_heat_c = building_pars(135,building_type)
1025	!
1026	!-- Initialize seasonal dependent parameters, depending on day of the year.
1027	!-- First, calculated day of the year.
1028	CALL get_date_time( time_since_reference_point, day_of_year = day_of_year )
1029	!
1030	!-- Summer is defined in between northward- and southward equinox.
1031	IF ( day_of_year >= northward_equinox .AND. day_of_year <= southward_equinox ) THEN
1032	buildings(:)%air_change_low = summer_pars(0,building_type)
1033	buildings(:)%air_change_high = summer_pars(1,building_type)
1034	ELSE
1035	buildings(:)%air_change_low = winter_pars(0,building_type)
1036	buildings(:)%air_change_high = winter_pars(1,building_type)
1037	ENDIF
1038	!
1039	!-- Initialize ventilation load. Please note, building types > 7 are actually not allowed (check
1040	!-- already in urban_surface_mod and netcdf_data_input_mod.
1041	!-- However, the building data base may be later extended.
1042	IF ( building_type == 1 .OR. building_type == 2 .OR. &
1043	building_type == 3 .OR. building_type == 10 .OR. &
1044	building_type == 11 .OR. building_type == 12 ) THEN
1045	buildings(:)%ventilation_int_loads = 1
1046	!
1047	!-- Office, building with large windows
1048	ELSEIF ( building_type == 4 .OR. building_type == 5 .OR. &
1049	building_type == 6 .OR. building_type == 7 .OR. &
1050	building_type == 8 .OR. building_type == 9) THEN
1051	buildings(:)%ventilation_int_loads = 2
1052	!
1053	!-- Industry, hospitals
1054	ELSEIF ( building_type == 13 .OR. building_type == 14 .OR. &
1055	building_type == 15 .OR. building_type == 16 .OR. &
1056	building_type == 17 .OR. building_type == 18 ) THEN
1057	buildings(:)%ventilation_int_loads = 3
1058	ENDIF
1059	!
1060	!-- Initialization of building parameters - level 2
1061	IF ( building_type_f%from_file ) THEN
1062	DO i = nxl, nxr
1063	DO j = nys, nyn
1064	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
1065	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
1066	bt = building_type_f%var(j,i)
1067
1068	buildings(nb)%lambda_layer3 = building_pars(31,bt)
1069	buildings(nb)%s_layer3 = building_pars(44,bt)
1070	buildings(nb)%f_c_win = building_pars(119,bt)
1071	buildings(nb)%g_value_win = building_pars(120,bt)
1072	buildings(nb)%u_value_win = building_pars(121,bt)
1073	buildings(nb)%eta_ve = building_pars(124,bt)
1074	buildings(nb)%factor_a = building_pars(125,bt)
1075	buildings(nb)%factor_c = building_pars(126,bt)
1076	buildings(nb)%lambda_at = building_pars(127,bt)
1077	buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set = building_pars(13,bt)
1078	buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set = building_pars(12,bt)
1079	buildings(nb)%q_h_max = building_pars(128,bt)
1080	buildings(nb)%q_c_max = building_pars(129,bt)
1081	buildings(nb)%qint_high = building_pars(130,bt)
1082	buildings(nb)%qint_low = building_pars(131,bt)
1083	buildings(nb)%height_storey = building_pars(132,bt)
1084	buildings(nb)%height_cei_con = building_pars(133,bt)
1085	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_h = building_pars(134,bt)
1086	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_c = building_pars(135,bt)
1087
1088	IF ( day_of_year >= northward_equinox .AND. day_of_year <= southward_equinox ) THEN
1089	buildings(nb)%air_change_low = summer_pars(0,bt)
1090	buildings(nb)%air_change_high = summer_pars(1,bt)
1091	ELSE
1092	buildings(nb)%air_change_low = winter_pars(0,bt)
1093	buildings(nb)%air_change_high = winter_pars(1,bt)
1094	ENDIF
1095
1096	!
1097	!-- Initialize ventilaation load. Please note, building types > 7
1098	!-- are actually not allowed (check already in urban_surface_mod
1099	!-- and netcdf_data_input_mod. However, the building data base may
1100	!-- be later extended.
1101	IF ( bt == 1 .OR. bt == 2 .OR. &
1102	bt == 3 .OR. bt == 10 .OR. &
1103	bt == 11 .OR. bt == 12 ) THEN
1104	buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads = 1
1105	!
1106	!-- Office, building with large windows
1107	ELSEIF ( bt == 4 .OR. bt == 5 .OR. &
1108	bt == 6 .OR. bt == 7 .OR. &
1109	bt == 8 .OR. bt == 9) THEN
1110	buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads = 2
1111	!
1112	!-- Industry, hospitals
1113	ELSEIF ( bt == 13 .OR. bt == 14 .OR. &
1114	bt == 15 .OR. bt == 16 .OR. &
1115	bt == 17 .OR. bt == 18 ) THEN
1116	buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads = 3
1117	ENDIF
1118	ENDIF
1119	ENDDO
1120	ENDDO
1121	ENDIF
1122	!
1123	!-- Calculation of surface-related heat transfer coeffiecient out of standard u-values from building
1124	!-- database.
1125	!-- Only amount of extern and surface is used.
1126	!-- Otherwise amount between air and surface taken account twice.
1127	DO nb = 1, num_build
1128	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
1129	du_win_tmp = 1.0_wp / buildings(nb)%u_value_win
1130	u_tmp = buildings(nb)%u_value_win * ( du_win_tmp / ( du_win_tmp - &
1131	0.125_wp + ( 1.0_wp / h_is ) ) )
1132
1133	du_tmp = 1.0_wp / u_tmp
1134
1135	buildings(nb)%h_es = 1.0_wp / ( du_tmp - ( 1.0_wp / h_is ) )
1136
1137	ENDIF
1138	ENDDO
1139	!
1140	!-- Initialize indoor temperature. Actually only for output at initial state.
1141	DO nb = 1, num_build
1142	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
1143	buildings(nb)%t_in(:) = initial_indoor_temperature
1144
1145	!
1146	!-- (after first loop, use theta_m_t as theta_m_t_prev)
1147	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(:) = initial_indoor_temperature
1148	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(:) = initial_indoor_temperature
1149
1150	ENDIF
1151	ENDDO
1152
1153	CALL location_message( 'initializing indoor model', 'finished' )
1154
1155	END SUBROUTINE im_init
1156
1157
1158	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1159	! Description:
1160	! ------------
1161	!> Main part of the indoor model.
1162	!> Calculation of .... (kanani: Please describe)
1163	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1164	SUBROUTINE im_main_heatcool
1165
1166	! USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
1167	! ONLY: c_p
1168
1169	USE control_parameters, &
1170	ONLY: time_since_reference_point
1171
1172	USE grid_variables, &
1173	ONLY: dx, dy
1174
1175	USE pegrid
1176
1177	USE surface_mod, &
1178	ONLY: ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
1179
1180	USE urban_surface_mod, &
1181	ONLY: building_type, nzt_wall, t_wall_h, t_wall_v, t_window_h, t_window_v
1182
1183
1184	INTEGER(iwp) :: fa !< running index for facade elements of each building
1185	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< index of facade-adjacent atmosphere grid point in x-direction
1186	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< index of facade-adjacent atmosphere grid point in y-direction
1187	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index of facade-adjacent atmosphere grid point in z-direction
1188	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< vertical index of indoor grid point adjacent to facade
1189	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index for surface-element orientation
1190	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index surface elements
1191	INTEGER(iwp) :: nb !< running index for buildings
1192
1193	REAL(wp) :: indoor_wall_window_temperature !< weighted temperature of innermost wall/window layer
1194	REAL(wp) :: near_facade_temperature !< outside air temperature 10cm away from facade
1195	REAL(wp) :: second_of_day !< second of the current day
1196	REAL(wp) :: time_utc_hour !< time of day (hour UTC)
1197
1198	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in_l_send !< dummy send buffer used for summing-up indoor temperature per kk-level
1199	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in_recv !< dummy recv buffer used for summing-up indoor temperature per kk-level
1200	!
1201	!-- Determine time of day in hours.
1202	CALL get_date_time( time_since_reference_point, second_of_day=second_of_day )
1203	time_utc_hour = second_of_day / seconds_per_hour
1204	!
1205	!-- Following calculations must be done for each facade element.
1206	DO nb = 1, num_build
1207	!
1208	!-- First, check whether building is present on local subdomain.
1209	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
1210	!
1211	!-- Determine daily schedule. 08:00-18:00 = 1, other hours = 0.
1212	!-- Residental Building, panel WBS 70
1213	IF ( buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads == 1 ) THEN
1214	IF ( time_utc_hour >= 8.0_wp .AND. time_utc_hour <= 18.0_wp ) THEN
1215	schedule_d = 0
1216	ELSE
1217	schedule_d = 1
1218	ENDIF
1219	ENDIF
1220	!
1221	!-- Office, building with large windows
1222	IF ( buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads == 2 ) THEN
1223	IF ( time_utc_hour >= 8.0_wp .AND. time_utc_hour <= 18.0_wp ) THEN
1224	schedule_d = 1
1225	ELSE
1226	schedule_d = 0
1227	ENDIF
1228	ENDIF
1229	!
1230	!-- Industry, hospitals
1231	IF ( buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads == 3 ) THEN
1232	IF ( time_utc_hour >= 6.0_wp .AND. time_utc_hour <= 22.0_wp ) THEN
1233	schedule_d = 1
1234	ELSE
1235	schedule_d = 0
1236	ENDIF
1237	ENDIF
1238	!
1239	!-- Initialize/reset indoor temperature
1240	buildings(nb)%t_in_l = 0.0_wp
1241	!
1242	!-- Horizontal surfaces
1243	DO fa = 1, buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l
1244	!
1245	!-- Determine indices where corresponding surface-type information is stored.
1246	l = buildings(nb)%l_h(fa)
1247	m = buildings(nb)%m_h(fa)
1248	!
1249	!-- Determine building height level index.
1250	kk = surf_usm_h(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%koff
1251	!
1252	!-- Building geometries --> not time-dependent
1253	facade_element_area = dx * dy !< [m2] surface area per facade element
1254	floor_area_per_facade = buildings(nb)%fapf !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade area
1255	indoor_volume_per_facade = buildings(nb)%vpf(kk) !< [m3/m2] indoor air volume per facade area
1256	buildings(nb)%area_facade = facade_element_area * &
1257	( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h + &
1258	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v ) !< [m2] area of total facade
1259	window_area_per_facade = surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) * facade_element_area !< [m2] window area per facade
1260	!< element
1261
1262	buildings(nb)%net_floor_area = buildings(nb)%vol_tot / ( buildings(nb)%height_storey )
1263	total_area = buildings(nb)%net_floor_area !< [m2] area of all surfaces
1264	!< pointing to zone Eq. (9) according to section 7.2.2.2
1265	a_m = buildings(nb)%factor_a * total_area * &
1266	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) * &
1267	buildings(nb)%lambda_at !< [m2] standard values
1268	!< according to Table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (65) according to section 12.3.1.2)
1269	c_m = buildings(nb)%factor_c * total_area * &
1270	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) !< [J/K] standard values
1271	!< according to table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (66) according to section 12.3.1.2)
1272	!
1273	!-- Calculation of heat transfer coefficient for transmission --> not time-dependent
1274	h_t_es = window_area_per_facade * buildings(nb)%h_es !< [W/K] only for windows
1275
1276	h_t_is = buildings(nb)%area_facade * h_is !< [W/K] with h_is = 3.45 W /
1277	!< (m2 K) between surface and air, Eq. (9)
1278	h_t_ms = a_m * h_ms !< [W/K] with h_ms = 9.10 W /
1279	!< (m2 K) between component and surface, Eq. (64)
1280	h_t_wall = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / ( ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade ) & !< [W/K]
1281	* buildings(nb)%lambda_layer3 / buildings(nb)%s_layer3 * 0.5_wp &
1282	) + 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] opaque components
1283	h_t_wm = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / h_t_wall - 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] emmision Eq. (63),
1284	!< Section 12.2.2
1285	!
1286	!-- Internal air loads dependent on the occupacy of the room.
1287	!-- Basical internal heat gains (qint_low) with additional internal heat gains by occupancy (qint_high) (0,5*phi_int).
1288	phi_ia = 0.5_wp * ( ( buildings(nb)%qint_high * schedule_d + buildings(nb)%qint_low ) &
1289	* floor_area_per_facade )
1290	q_int = phi_ia / total_area
1291	!
1292	!-- Airflow dependent on the occupacy of the room.
1293	!-- Basical airflow (air_change_low) with additional airflow gains by occupancy (air_change_high)
1294	air_change = ( buildings(nb)%air_change_high * schedule_d + buildings(nb)%air_change_low ) !< [1/h]?
1295	!
1296	!-- Heat transfer of ventilation.
1297	!-- Not less than 0.01 W/K to avoid division by 0 in further calculations with heat
1298	!-- capacity of air 0.33 Wh/m2K.
1299	h_v = MAX( 0.01_wp , ( air_change * indoor_volume_per_facade * &
1300	0.33_wp * (1.0_wp - buildings(nb)%eta_ve ) ) ) !< [W/K] from ISO 13789 Eq.(10)
1301
1302	!-- Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variables
1303	h_t_1 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_v ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_is ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.6)
1304	h_t_2 = h_t_1 + h_t_es !< [W/K] Eq. (C.7)
1305	h_t_3 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_t_2 ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.8)
1306	!
1307	!-- Net short-wave radiation through window area (was i_global)
1308	net_sw_in = surf_usm_h(l)%rad_sw_in(m) - surf_usm_h(l)%rad_sw_out(m)
1309	!
1310	!-- Quantities needed for im_calc_temperatures
1311	i = surf_usm_h(l)%i(m)
1312	j = surf_usm_h(l)%j(m)
1313	k = surf_usm_h(l)%k(m)
1314	near_facade_temperature = surf_usm_h(l)%pt_10cm(m)
1315	indoor_wall_window_temperature = &
1316	surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) * t_wall_h(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
1317	+ surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) * t_window_h(l)%val(nzt_wall,m)
1318	!
1319	!-- Solar thermal gains. If net_sw_in larger than sun-protection threshold parameter
1320	!-- (params_solar_protection), sun protection will be activated.
1321	IF ( net_sw_in <= params_solar_protection ) THEN
1322	solar_protection_off = 1
1323	solar_protection_on = 0
1324	ELSE
1325	solar_protection_off = 0
1326	solar_protection_on = 1
1327	ENDIF
1328	!
1329	!-- Calculation of total heat gains from net_sw_in through windows [W] in respect on
1330	!-- automatic sun protection.
1331	!-- DIN 4108 - 2 chap.8
1332	phi_sol = ( window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * solar_protection_off &
1333	+ window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * buildings(nb)%f_c_win * &
1334	solar_protection_on ) &
1335	* buildings(nb)%g_value_win * ( 1.0_wp - params_f_f ) * params_f_w
1336	q_sol = phi_sol
1337	!
1338	!-- Calculation of the mass specific thermal load for internal and external heatsources of
1339	!-- the inner node.
1340	phi_m = (a_m / total_area) * ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.2) with
1341	!< phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
1342	q_c_m = phi_m
1343	!
1344	!-- Calculation mass specific thermal load implied non thermal mass
1345	phi_st = ( 1.0_wp - ( a_m / total_area ) - ( h_t_es / ( 9.1_wp * total_area ) ) ) &
1346	* ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.3) with
1347	!< phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
1348	q_c_st = phi_st
1349	!
1350	!-- Calculations for deriving indoor temperature and heat flux into the wall
1351	!-- Step 1: indoor temperature without heating and cooling
1352	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 3)
1353	phi_hc_nd = 0.0_wp
1354
1355	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_window_temperature, &
1356	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) )
1357	!
1358	!-- If air temperature between border temperatures of heating and cooling, assign output
1359	!-- variable, then ready.
1360	IF ( buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set <= theta_air .AND. &
1361	theta_air <= buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
1362	phi_hc_nd_ac = 0.0_wp
1363	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
1364	theta_air_ac = theta_air
1365	!
1366	!-- Step 2: Else, apply 10 W/m2 heating/cooling power and calculate indoor temperature
1367	!-- again.
1368	ELSE
1369	!
1370	!-- Temperature not correct, calculation method according to section C4.2
1371	theta_air_0 = theta_air !< temperature without heating/cooling
1372	!
1373	!-- Heating or cooling?
1374	IF ( theta_air_0 > buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
1375	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set
1376	ELSE
1377	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set
1378	ENDIF
1379	!
1380	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_10
1381	phi_hc_nd_10 = 10.0_wp * floor_area_per_facade
1382	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_10
1383
1384	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_window_temperature, &
1385	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) )
1386	theta_air_10 = theta_air !< temperature with 10 W/m2 of heating
1387	phi_hc_nd_un = phi_hc_nd_10 * (theta_air_set - theta_air_0) &
1388	/ (theta_air_10 - theta_air_0) !< Eq. (C.13)
1389	!
1390	!-- Step 3: with temperature ratio to determine the heating or cooling capacity.
1391	!-- If necessary, limit the power to maximum power.
1392	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 2) and 4)
1393	buildings(nb)%phi_c_max = buildings(nb)%q_c_max * floor_area_per_facade
1394	buildings(nb)%phi_h_max = buildings(nb)%q_h_max * floor_area_per_facade
1395	IF ( buildings(nb)%phi_c_max < phi_hc_nd_un .AND. &
1396	phi_hc_nd_un < buildings(nb)%phi_h_max ) THEN
1397	phi_hc_nd_ac = phi_hc_nd_un
1398	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_un
1399	ELSE
1400	!
1401	!-- Step 4: inner temperature with maximum heating (phi_hc_nd_un positive) or cooling
1402	!-- (phi_hc_nd_un negative)
1403	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 1) and 5)
1404	IF ( phi_hc_nd_un > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1405	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_h_max !< Limit heating
1406	ELSE
1407	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_c_max !< Limit cooling
1408	ENDIF
1409	ENDIF
1410	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
1411	!
1412	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_ac (new)
1413	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_window_temperature, &
1414	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) )
1415	theta_air_ac = theta_air
1416	ENDIF
1417	!
1418	!-- Update theta_m_t_prev
1419	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) = theta_m_t
1420
1421
1422	q_vent = h_v * ( theta_air - near_facade_temperature )
1423	!
1424	!-- Calculate the operating temperature with weighted mean temperature of air and mean
1425	!-- solar temperature.
1426	!-- Will be used for thermal comfort calculations.
1427	theta_op = 0.3_wp * theta_air_ac + 0.7_wp * theta_s !< [degree_C] operative Temperature Eq. (C.12)
1428
1429	! surf_usm_h(l)%t_indoor(m) = theta_op !< not integrated now
1430	!
1431	!-- Heat flux into the wall. Value needed in urban_surface_mod to
1432	!-- calculate heat transfer through wall layers towards the facade
1433	!-- (use c_p * rho_surface to convert [W/m2] into [K m/s])
1434	q_wall_win = h_t_ms * ( theta_s - theta_m ) &
1435	/ ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade )
1436	q_trans = q_wall_win * facade_element_area
1437	!
1438	!-- Transfer q_wall_win back to USM (innermost wall/window layer)
1439	surf_usm_h(l)%iwghf_eb(m) = q_wall_win
1440	surf_usm_h(l)%iwghf_eb_window(m) = q_wall_win
1441	!
1442	!-- Sum up operational indoor temperature per kk-level. Further below, this temperature is
1443	!-- reduced by MPI to one temperature per kk-level and building (processor overlapping).
1444	buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) = buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) + theta_op
1445	!
1446	!-- Calculation of waste heat.
1447	!-- Anthropogenic heat output.
1448	IF ( phi_hc_nd_ac > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1449	heating_on = 1
1450	cooling_on = 0
1451	ELSE
1452	heating_on = 0
1453	cooling_on = -1
1454	ENDIF
1455
1456	q_waste_heat = ( phi_hc_nd * ( &
1457	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_h * heating_on + &
1458	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_c * cooling_on ) &
1459	) / facade_element_area !< [W/m2] , observe the directional
1460	!< convention in PALM!
1461	surf_usm_h(l)%waste_heat(m) = 0.0_wp !q_waste_heat
1462	ENDDO !< Horizontal surfaces loop
1463	!
1464	!-- Vertical surfaces
1465	DO fa = 1, buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l
1466	!
1467	!-- Determine indices where corresponding surface-type information is stored.
1468	l = buildings(nb)%l_v(fa)
1469	m = buildings(nb)%m_v(fa)
1470	!
1471	!-- Determine building height level index.
1472	kk = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%koff
1473	!
1474	!-- (SOME OF THE FOLLOWING (not time-dependent) COULD PROBABLY GO INTO A FUNCTION
1475	!-- EXCEPT facade_element_area, EVERYTHING IS CALCULATED EQUALLY)
1476	!-- Building geometries --> not time-dependent
1477	IF ( l == 0 .OR. l == 1 ) facade_element_area = dx * dzw(kk+1) !< [m2] surface area per facade element
1478	IF ( l == 2 .OR. l == 3 ) facade_element_area = dy * dzw(kk+1) !< [m2] surface area per facade element
1479
1480	floor_area_per_facade = buildings(nb)%fapf !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade area
1481	indoor_volume_per_facade = buildings(nb)%vpf(kk) !< [m3/m2] indoor air volume per facade area
1482	buildings(nb)%area_facade = facade_element_area * &
1483	( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h + &
1484	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v ) !< [m2] area of total facade
1485	window_area_per_facade = surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) * facade_element_area !< [m2] window area per
1486	!< facade element
1487
1488	buildings(nb)%net_floor_area = buildings(nb)%vol_tot / ( buildings(nb)%height_storey )
1489	total_area = buildings(nb)%net_floor_area !< [m2] area of all surfaces
1490	!< pointing to zone Eq. (9) according to section 7.2.2.2
1491	a_m = buildings(nb)%factor_a * total_area * &
1492	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) * &
1493	buildings(nb)%lambda_at !< [m2] standard values
1494	!< according to Table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (65) according to section 12.3.1.2)
1495	c_m = buildings(nb)%factor_c * total_area * &
1496	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) !< [J/K] standard values
1497	!< according to table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (66) according to section 12.3.1.2)
1498	!
1499	!-- Calculation of heat transfer coefficient for transmission --> not time-dependent
1500	h_t_es = window_area_per_facade * buildings(nb)%h_es !< [W/K] only for windows
1501
1502	h_t_is = buildings(nb)%area_facade * h_is !< [W/K] with h_is = 3.45 W /
1503	!< (m2 K) between surface and air, Eq. (9)
1504	h_t_ms = a_m * h_ms !< [W/K] with h_ms = 9.10 W /
1505	!< (m2 K) between component and surface, Eq. (64)
1506	h_t_wall = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / ( ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade ) & !< [W/K]
1507	* buildings(nb)%lambda_layer3 / buildings(nb)%s_layer3 * 0.5_wp &
1508	) + 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] opaque components
1509	h_t_wm = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / h_t_wall - 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] emmision Eq. (63), Section 12.2.2
1510	!
1511	!-- Internal air loads dependent on the occupacy of the room.
1512	!-- Basical internal heat gains (qint_low) with additional internal heat gains by occupancy
1513	!-- (qint_high) (0,5*phi_int)
1514	phi_ia = 0.5_wp * ( ( buildings(nb)%qint_high * schedule_d + buildings(nb)%qint_low ) &
1515	* floor_area_per_facade )
1516	q_int = phi_ia
1517
1518	!
1519	!-- Airflow dependent on the occupacy of the room.
1520	!-- Basical airflow (air_change_low) with additional airflow gains by occupancy
1521	!-- (air_change_high)
1522	air_change = ( buildings(nb)%air_change_high * schedule_d + &
1523	buildings(nb)%air_change_low )
1524	!
1525	!-- Heat transfer of ventilation.
1526	!-- Not less than 0.01 W/K to avoid division by 0 in further calculations with heat
1527	!-- capacity of air 0.33 Wh/m2K
1528	h_v = MAX( 0.01_wp , ( air_change * indoor_volume_per_facade * &
1529	0.33_wp * (1.0_wp - buildings(nb)%eta_ve ) ) ) !< [W/K] from ISO 13789
1530	!< Eq.(10)
1531
1532	!-- Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variables
1533	h_t_1 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_v ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_is ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.6)
1534	h_t_2 = h_t_1 + h_t_es !< [W/K] Eq. (C.7)
1535	h_t_3 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_t_2 ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.8)
1536	!
1537	!-- Net short-wave radiation through window area (was i_global)
1538	net_sw_in = surf_usm_v(l)%rad_sw_in(m) - surf_usm_v(l)%rad_sw_out(m)
1539	!
1540	!-- Quantities needed for im_calc_temperatures
1541	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m)
1542	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m)
1543	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m)
1544	near_facade_temperature = surf_usm_v(l)%pt_10cm(m)
1545	indoor_wall_window_temperature = &
1546	surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) * t_wall_v(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
1547	+ surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) * t_window_v(l)%val(nzt_wall,m)
1548
1549	!
1550	!-- Solar thermal gains. If net_sw_in larger than sun-protection
1551	!-- threshold parameter (params_solar_protection), sun protection will
1552	!-- be activated
1553	IF ( net_sw_in <= params_solar_protection ) THEN
1554	solar_protection_off = 1
1555	solar_protection_on = 0
1556	ELSE
1557	solar_protection_off = 0
1558	solar_protection_on = 1
1559	ENDIF
1560	!
1561	!-- Calculation of total heat gains from net_sw_in through windows [W] in respect on
1562	!-- automatic sun protection.
1563	!-- DIN 4108 - 2 chap.8
1564	phi_sol = ( window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * solar_protection_off &
1565	+ window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * buildings(nb)%f_c_win * &
1566	solar_protection_on ) &
1567	* buildings(nb)%g_value_win * ( 1.0_wp - params_f_f ) * params_f_w
1568	q_sol = phi_sol
1569	!
1570	!-- Calculation of the mass specific thermal load for internal and external heatsources.
1571	phi_m = (a_m / total_area) * ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.2) with phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
1572	q_c_m = phi_m
1573	!
1574	!-- Calculation mass specific thermal load implied non thermal mass.
1575	phi_st = ( 1.0_wp - ( a_m / total_area ) - ( h_t_es / ( 9.1_wp * total_area ) ) ) &
1576	* ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.3) with
1577	!< phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
1578	q_c_st = phi_st
1579	!
1580	!-- Calculations for deriving indoor temperature and heat flux into the wall.
1581	!-- Step 1: indoor temperature without heating and cooling.
1582	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 3)
1583	phi_hc_nd = 0.0_wp
1584	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_window_temperature, &
1585	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) )
1586	!
1587	!-- If air temperature between border temperatures of heating and cooling, assign output
1588	!-- variable, then ready.
1589	IF ( buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set <= theta_air .AND. &
1590	theta_air <= buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
1591	phi_hc_nd_ac = 0.0_wp
1592	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
1593	theta_air_ac = theta_air
1594	!
1595	!-- Step 2: Else, apply 10 W/m2 heating/cooling power and calculate indoor temperature
1596	!-- again.
1597	ELSE
1598	!
1599	!-- Temperature not correct, calculation method according to section C4.2
1600	theta_air_0 = theta_air !< Note temperature without heating/cooling
1601	!
1602	!-- Heating or cooling?
1603	IF ( theta_air_0 > buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
1604	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set
1605	ELSE
1606	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set
1607	ENDIF
1608
1609	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_10
1610	phi_hc_nd_10 = 10.0_wp * floor_area_per_facade
1611	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_10
1612
1613	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_window_temperature, &
1614	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) )
1615
1616	theta_air_10 = theta_air !< Note the temperature with 10 W/m2 of heating
1617
1618	phi_hc_nd_un = phi_hc_nd_10 * ( theta_air_set - theta_air_0 ) &
1619	/ ( theta_air_10 - theta_air_0 ) !< Eq. (C.13)
1620	!
1621	!-- Step 3: with temperature ratio to determine the heating or cooling capacity
1622	!-- If necessary, limit the power to maximum power.
1623	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 2) and 4)
1624	buildings(nb)%phi_c_max = buildings(nb)%q_c_max * floor_area_per_facade
1625	buildings(nb)%phi_h_max = buildings(nb)%q_h_max * floor_area_per_facade
1626	IF ( buildings(nb)%phi_c_max < phi_hc_nd_un .AND. &
1627	phi_hc_nd_un < buildings(nb)%phi_h_max ) THEN
1628	phi_hc_nd_ac = phi_hc_nd_un
1629	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_un
1630	ELSE
1631	!
1632	!-- Step 4: inner temperature with maximum heating (phi_hc_nd_un positive) or cooling
1633	!-- (phi_hc_nd_un negative)
1634	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 1) and 5)
1635	IF ( phi_hc_nd_un > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1636	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_h_max !< Limit heating
1637	ELSE
1638	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_c_max !< Limit cooling
1639	ENDIF
1640	ENDIF
1641	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
1642	!
1643	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_ac (new)
1644	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_window_temperature, &
1645	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) )
1646	theta_air_ac = theta_air
1647	ENDIF
1648	!
1649	!-- Update theta_m_t_prev
1650	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) = theta_m_t
1651
1652
1653	q_vent = h_v * ( theta_air - near_facade_temperature )
1654	!
1655	!-- Calculate the operating temperature with weighted mean of temperature of air and mean.
1656	!-- Will be used for thermal comfort calculations.
1657	theta_op = 0.3_wp * theta_air_ac + 0.7_wp * theta_s
1658
1659	! surf_usm_v(l)%t_indoor(m) = theta_op !< not integrated yet
1660	!
1661	!-- Heat flux into the wall. Value needed in urban_surface_mod to
1662	!-- calculate heat transfer through wall layers towards the facade
1663	q_wall_win = h_t_ms * ( theta_s - theta_m ) &
1664	/ ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade )
1665	q_trans = q_wall_win * facade_element_area
1666	!
1667	!-- Transfer q_wall_win back to USM (innermost wall/window layer)
1668	surf_usm_v(l)%iwghf_eb(m) = q_wall_win
1669	surf_usm_v(l)%iwghf_eb_window(m) = q_wall_win
1670	!
1671	!-- Sum up operational indoor temperature per kk-level. Further below, this temperature is
1672	!-- reduced by MPI to one temperature per kk-level and building (processor overlapping).
1673	buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) = buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) + theta_op
1674	!
1675	!-- Calculation of waste heat.
1676	!-- Anthropogenic heat output.
1677	IF ( phi_hc_nd_ac > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1678	heating_on = 1
1679	cooling_on = 0
1680	ELSE
1681	heating_on = 0
1682	cooling_on = -1
1683	ENDIF
1684
1685	q_waste_heat = ( phi_hc_nd * ( buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_h * heating_on + &
1686	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_c * cooling_on ) &
1687	) / facade_element_area !< [W/m2] , observe the directional convention in
1688	!< PALM!
1689	surf_usm_v(l)%waste_heat(m) = 0.0_wp !q_waste_heat
1690	ENDDO !< Vertical surfaces loop
1691	ENDIF !< buildings(nb)%on_pe
1692	ENDDO !< buildings loop
1693
1694	!
1695	!-- Determine the mean building temperature.
1696	DO nb = 1, num_build
1697	!
1698	!-- Allocate dummy array used for summing-up facade elements.
1699	!-- Please note, dummy arguments are necessary as building-date type arrays are not necessarily
1700	!-- allocated on all PEs.
1701	ALLOCATE( t_in_l_send(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
1702	ALLOCATE( t_in_recv(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
1703	t_in_l_send = 0.0_wp
1704	t_in_recv = 0.0_wp
1705
1706	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
1707	t_in_l_send = buildings(nb)%t_in_l
1708	ENDIF
1709
1710
1711	#if defined( __parallel )
1712	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( t_in_l_send, &
1713	t_in_recv, &
1714	buildings(nb)%kb_max - buildings(nb)%kb_min + 1, &
1715	MPI_REAL, &
1716	MPI_SUM, &
1717	comm2d, &
1718	ierr )
1719
1720	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%t_in ) ) buildings(nb)%t_in = t_in_recv
1721	#else
1722	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%t_in ) ) buildings(nb)%t_in = buildings(nb)%t_in_l
1723	#endif
1724
1725	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%t_in ) ) THEN
1726	!
1727	!-- Average indoor temperature. Note, in case a building is completely surrounded by higher
1728	!-- buildings, it may have no facade elements at some height levels, which will lead to a
1729	!-- division by zero.
1730	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
1731	IF ( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) > 0 ) THEN
1732	buildings(nb)%t_in(k) = buildings(nb)%t_in(k) / &
1733	REAL( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + &
1734	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k), KIND = wp )
1735	ENDIF
1736	ENDDO
1737	!
1738	!-- If indoor temperature is not defined because of missing facade elements, the values from
1739	!-- the above-lying level will be taken.
1740	!-- At least at the top of the buildings facades are defined, so that at least there an indoor
1741	!-- temperature is defined. This information will propagate downwards the building.
1742	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_max-1, buildings(nb)%kb_min, -1
1743	IF ( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) <= 0 ) THEN
1744	buildings(nb)%t_in(k) = buildings(nb)%t_in(k+1)
1745	ENDIF
1746	ENDDO
1747	ENDIF
1748
1749
1750	!
1751	!-- Deallocate dummy arrays
1752	DEALLOCATE( t_in_l_send )
1753	DEALLOCATE( t_in_recv )
1754
1755	ENDDO
1756
1757	END SUBROUTINE im_main_heatcool
1758
1759
1760	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1761	! Description:
1762	!-------------
1763	!> Check data output for plant canopy model
1764	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1765	SUBROUTINE im_check_data_output( var, unit )
1766
1767	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: unit !<
1768	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: var !<
1769
1770	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
1771
1772
1773	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof')
1774	unit = 'W m-2'
1775
1776	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win' )
1777	unit = 'W m-2'
1778
1779	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win_waste' )
1780	unit = 'W m-2'
1781
1782	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof_waste' )
1783	unit = 'W m-2'
1784
1785	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_mean' )
1786	unit = 'K'
1787
1788	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_roof' )
1789	unit = 'K'
1790
1791	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_wall_win' )
1792	unit = 'K'
1793
1794	CASE DEFAULT
1795	unit = 'illegal'
1796
1797	END SELECT
1798
1799	END SUBROUTINE
1800
1801
1802	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1803	! Description:
1804	!-------------
1805	!> Check parameters routine for plant canopy model
1806	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1807	SUBROUTINE im_check_parameters
1808
1809	! USE control_parameters,
1810	! ONLY: message_string
1811
1812	END SUBROUTINE im_check_parameters
1813
1814
1815	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1816	! Description:
1817	!-------------
1818	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
1819	!> It is called from subroutine netcdf.
1820	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1821	SUBROUTINE im_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
1822
1823	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x
1824	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y
1825	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z
1826	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var
1827
1828	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
1829
1830
1831	found = .TRUE.
1832	!
1833	!-- Check for the grid
1834	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
1835
1836	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof', 'im_hf_roof_waste' )
1837	grid_x = 'x'
1838	grid_y = 'y'
1839	grid_z = 'zw'
1840	!
1841	!-- Heat fluxes at vertical walls are actually defined on stagged grid, i.e. xu, yv.
1842	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win', 'im_hf_wall_win_waste' )
1843	grid_x = 'x'
1844	grid_y = 'y'
1845	grid_z = 'zu'
1846
1847	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_mean', 'im_t_indoor_roof', 'im_t_indoor_wall_win')
1848	grid_x = 'x'
1849	grid_y = 'y'
1850	grid_z = 'zw'
1851
1852	CASE DEFAULT
1853	found = .FALSE.
1854	grid_x = 'none'
1855	grid_y = 'none'
1856	grid_z = 'none'
1857	END SELECT
1858
1859	END SUBROUTINE im_define_netcdf_grid
1860
1861
1862	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1863	! Description:
1864	! ------------
1865	!> Subroutine defining 3D output variables
1866	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1867	SUBROUTINE im_data_output_3d( av, variable, found, local_pf, fill_value, nzb_do, nzt_do )
1868
1869	USE indices
1870
1871	USE kinds
1872
1873	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !<
1874
1875	INTEGER(iwp) :: av !<
1876	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
1877	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
1878	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
1879	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !<
1880	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !<
1881	INTEGER(iwp) :: nb !< index of the building in the building data structure
1882	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_do !< lower limit of the data output (usually 0)
1883	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_do !< vertical upper limit of the data output (usually nz_do3d)
1884
1885	LOGICAL :: found !<
1886
1887	REAL(wp), INTENT(IN) :: fill_value !< value for the _FillValue attribute
1888
1889	REAL(sp), DIMENSION(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn,nzb_do:nzt_do) :: local_pf !<
1890
1891	local_pf = fill_value
1892
1893	found = .TRUE.
1894
1895	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
1896	!
1897	!-- Output of indoor temperature. All grid points within the building are filled with values,
1898	!-- while atmospheric grid points are set to _FillValues.
1899	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_mean' )
1900	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
1901	DO i = nxl, nxr
1902	DO j = nys, nyn
1903	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
1904	!
1905	!-- Determine index of the building within the building data structure.
1906	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
1907	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
1908	!
1909	!-- Write mean building temperature onto output array. Please note, in
1910	!-- contrast to many other loops in the output, the vertical bounds are
1911	!-- determined by the lowest and hightest vertical index occupied by the
1912	!-- building.
1913	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
1914	local_pf(i,j,k) = buildings(nb)%t_in(k)
1915	ENDDO
1916	ENDIF
1917	ENDIF
1918	ENDDO
1919	ENDDO
1920	ENDIF
1921
1922	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof' )
1923	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
1924	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(0)%ns
1925	i = surf_usm_h(0)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_h%ioff
1926	j = surf_usm_h(0)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_h%joff
1927	k = surf_usm_h(0)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_h%koff
1928	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_h(0)%iwghf_eb(m)
1929	ENDDO
1930	ENDIF
1931
1932	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof_waste' )
1933	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
1934	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(0)%ns
1935	i = surf_usm_h(0)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_h%ioff
1936	j = surf_usm_h(0)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_h%joff
1937	k = surf_usm_h(0)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_h%koff
1938	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_h(0)%waste_heat(m)
1939	ENDDO
1940	ENDIF
1941
1942	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win' )
1943	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
1944	DO l = 0, 3
1945	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
1946	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
1947	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%joff
1948	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%koff
1949	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_v(l)%iwghf_eb(m)
1950	ENDDO
1951	ENDDO
1952	ENDIF
1953
1954	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win_waste' )
1955	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
1956	DO l = 0, 3
1957	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
1958	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
1959	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%joff
1960	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%koff
1961	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_v(l)%waste_heat(m)
1962	ENDDO
1963	ENDDO
1964	ENDIF
1965
1966	!
1967	!< NOTE im_t_indoor_roof and im_t_indoor_wall_win not work yet
1968
1969	! CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_roof' )
1970	! IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
1971	! DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
1972	! i = surf_usm_h%i(m) !+ surf_usm_h%ioff
1973	! j = surf_usm_h%j(m) !+ surf_usm_h%joff
1974	! k = surf_usm_h%k(m) !+ surf_usm_h%koff
1975	! local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_h%t_indoor(m)
1976	! ENDDO
1977	! ENDIF
1978	!
1979	! CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_wall_win' )
1980	! IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
1981	! DO l = 0, 3
1982	! DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
1983	! i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
1984	! j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%joff
1985	! k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%koff
1986	! local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_v(l)%t_indoor(m)
1987	! ENDDO
1988	! ENDDO
1989	! ENDIF
1990
1991	CASE DEFAULT
1992	found = .FALSE.
1993
1994	END SELECT
1995
1996	END SUBROUTINE im_data_output_3d
1997
1998
1999	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2000	! Description:
2001	! ------------
2002	!> Parin for &indoor_parameters for indoor model
2003	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2004	SUBROUTINE im_parin
2005
2006	USE control_parameters, &
2007	ONLY: indoor_model
2008
2009
2010	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< string containing current line of file PARIN
2011
2012	NAMELIST /indoor_parameters/ initial_indoor_temperature
2013
2014
2015	!
2016	!-- Try to find indoor model package
2017	REWIND ( 11 )
2018	line = ' '
2019	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&indoor_parameters' ) == 0 )
2020	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
2021	ENDDO
2022	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
2023
2024	!
2025	!-- Read user-defined namelist
2026	READ ( 11, indoor_parameters )
2027	!
2028	!-- Set flag that indicates that the indoor model is switched on
2029	indoor_model = .TRUE.
2030
2031	!
2032	!-- Activate spinup (maybe later
2033	! IF ( spinup_time > 0.0_wp ) THEN
2034	! coupling_start_time = spinup_time
2035	! end_time = end_time + spinup_time
2036	! IF ( spinup_pt_mean == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
2037	! spinup_pt_mean = pt_surface
2038	! ENDIF
2039	! spinup = .TRUE.
2040	! ENDIF
2041
2042	10 CONTINUE
2043
2044	END SUBROUTINE im_parin
2045
2046
2047	END MODULE indoor_model_mod

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