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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/indoor_model_mod.f90 @ 4743

Last change on this file since 4743 was 4730, checked in by suehring, 4 years ago
Indoor model: bugfix - avoid divisions by zero
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[4246]	1	!> @file indoor_model_mod.f90
[4646]	2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
	4	!
[4646]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
	6	! Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
	7	! (at your option) any later version.
[4246]	8	!
[4646]	9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
	10	! implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General
	11	! Public License for more details.
[4246]	12	!
[4646]	13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with PALM. If not, see
	14	! <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
[4246]	15	!
[4481]	16	! Copyright 2018-2020 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
	17	! Copyright 2018-2020 Hochschule Offenburg
[4646]	18	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	19	!
	20	! Current revisions:
	21	! -----------------
[4730]	22	!
	23	!
[4246]	24	! Former revisions:
	25	! -----------------
	26	! $Id: indoor_model_mod.f90 4730 2020-10-07 10:48:51Z suehring $
[4730]	27	! Bugfix - avoid divisions by zero
	28	!
	29	! 4709 2020-09-28 19:20:00Z maronga
[4709]	30	! Bugfix: avoid division by zero in case of zero window fraction (now also for vertical walls).
	31	! Reactivated waste heat.
	32	!
	33	! 4704 2020-09-28 10:13:03Z maronga
[4704]	34	! Bugfix: avoid division by zero in case of zero window fraction
	35	!
	36	! 4702 2020-09-27 18:39:00Z maronga
[4702]	37	! Removed unused variable indoor_wall_window_temperature
	38	!
	39	! 4701 2020-09-27 11:02:15Z maronga
[4701]	40	! Heat transfer for wall and windows back to USM separated into q_wall and q_win (instead q_wall_win).
	41	! Heat flow direction revised (heat flow positive from outside to inside).
	42	! New variable indoor_wall_temperature (for q_wall).
	43	! Removed unused quantity q_trans.
	44	!
	45	! 4698 2020-09-25 08:37:55Z maronga
[4698]	46	! Fixed faulty characters
	47	!
	48	! 4687 2020-09-21 19:40:16Z maronga
[4687]	49	! Bugfix: values of theta_m_t_prev were not stored for individual surfaces and thus re-used by all
	50	! surfaces and buildings, which led to excessive indoor temperatures
	51	!
	52	! 4681 2020-09-16 10:23:06Z pavelkrc
[4681]	53	! Bugfix for implementation of downward surfaces
	54	!
	55	! 4671 2020-09-09 20:27:58Z pavelkrc
[4671]	56	! Implementation of downward facing USM and LSM surfaces
	57	!
	58	! 4646 2020-08-24 16:02:40Z raasch
[4646]	59	! file re-formatted to follow the PALM coding standard
	60	!
	61	! 4481 2020-03-31 18:55:54Z maronga
	62	! Change order of dimension in surface array %frac to allow for better vectorization.
	63	!
[4442]	64	! 4441 2020-03-04 19:20:35Z suehring
[4646]	65	! Major bugfix in calculation of energy demand - floor-area-per-facade was wrongly calculated
	66	! leading to unrealistically high energy demands and thus to unreallistically high waste-heat
	67	! fluxes.
	68	!
[4402]	69	! 4346 2019-12-18 11:55:56Z motisi
[4646]	70	! Introduction of wall_flags_total_0, which currently sets bits based on static topography
	71	! information used in wall_flags_static_0
	72	!
[4346]	73	! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi
[4329]	74	! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0
[4646]	75	!
[4329]	76	! 4310 2019-11-26 19:01:28Z suehring
[4646]	77	! Remove dt_indoor from namelist input. The indoor model is an hourly-based model, calling it
	78	! more/less often lead to inaccurate results.
	79	!
[4310]	80	! 4299 2019-11-22 10:13:38Z suehring
[4646]	81	! Output of indoor temperature revised (to avoid non-defined values within buildings)
	82	!
[4299]	83	! 4267 2019-10-16 18:58:49Z suehring
[4267]	84	! Bugfix in initialization, some indices to access building_pars where wrong.
	85	! Introduction of seasonal parameters.
[4646]	86	!
[4267]	87	! 4246 2019-09-30 09:27:52Z pavelkrc
[4646]	88	!
	89	!
[4245]	90	! 4242 2019-09-27 12:59:10Z suehring
[4246]	91	! Bugfix in array index
[4646]	92	!
[4246]	93	! 4238 2019-09-25 16:06:01Z suehring
	94	! - Bugfix in determination of minimum facade height and in location message
	95	! - Bugfix, avoid division by zero
[4646]	96	! - Some optimization
	97	!
[4246]	98	! 4227 2019-09-10 18:04:34Z gronemeier
	99	! implement new palm_date_time_mod
	100	!
	101	! 4217 2019-09-04 09:47:05Z scharf
	102	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	103	!
	104	! 4209 2019-09-02 12:00:03Z suehring
	105	! - Bugfix in initialization of indoor temperature
[4646]	106	! - Prescibe default indoor temperature in case it is not given in the namelist input
[4246]	107	!
	108	! 4182 2019-08-21 14:37:54Z scharf
	109	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
[4646]	110	!
[4246]	111	! 4148 2019-08-08 11:26:00Z suehring
[4646]	112	! Bugfix in case of non grid-resolved buildings. Further, vertical grid spacing is now considered at
	113	! the correct level.
[4246]	114	! - change calculation of a_m and c_m
	115	! - change calculation of u-values (use h_es in building array)
	116	! - rename h_tr_... to h_t_...
	117	! h_tr_em to h_t_wm
	118	! h_tr_op to h_t_wall
	119	! h_tr_w to h_t_es
	120	! - rename h_ve to h_v
	121	! - rename h_is to h_ms
	122	! - inserted net_floor_area
	123	! - inserted params_waste_heat_h, params_waste_heat_c from building database
	124	! in building array
	125	! - change calculation of q_waste_heat
[4646]	126	! - bugfix in averaging mean indoor temperature
	127	!
[4246]	128	! 3759 2019-02-21 15:53:45Z suehring
	129	! - Calculation of total building volume
	130	! - Several bugfixes
	131	! - Calculation of building height revised
[4646]	132	!
[4246]	133	! 3745 2019-02-15 18:57:56Z suehring
	134	! - remove building_type from module
[4646]	135	! - initialize parameters for each building individually instead of a bulk initializaion with
	136	! identical building type for all
[4246]	137	! - output revised
	138	! - add missing _wp
	139	! - some restructuring of variables in building data structure
[4646]	140	!
[4246]	141	! 3744 2019-02-15 18:38:58Z suehring
	142	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
[4646]	143	!
[4246]	144	! 3469 2018-10-30 20:05:07Z kanani
	145	! Initial revision (tlang, suehring, kanani, srissman)!
	146	!
	147	! Authors:
	148	! --------
	149	! @author Tobias Lang
	150	! @author Jens Pfafferott
	151	! @author Farah Kanani-Suehring
	152	! @author Matthias Suehring
[4698]	153	! @author Sascha Rissmann
	154	! @author Bjoern Maronga
[4246]	155	!
	156	!
	157	! Description:
	158	! ------------
	159	!> Module for Indoor Climate Model (ICM)
	160	!> The module is based on the DIN EN ISO 13790 with simplified hour-based procedure.
	161	!> This model is a equivalent circuit diagram of a three-point RC-model (5R1C).
[4646]	162	!> This module differs between indoor-air temperature an average temperature of indoor surfaces which make it prossible to determine
	163	!> thermal comfort
	164	!> the heat transfer between indoor and outdoor is simplified
[4246]	165
[4646]	166	!> @todo Many statement comments that are given as doxygen comments need to be changed to normal comments
[4246]	167	!> @todo Replace window_area_per_facade by %frac(1,m) for window
[4646]	168	!> @todo emissivity change for window blinds if solar_protection_on=1
[4246]	169
	170	!> @note Do we allow use of integer flags, or only logical flags? (concerns e.g. cooling_on, heating_on)
	171	!> @note How to write indoor temperature output to pt array?
	172	!>
[4687]	173	!> @bug Calculation of iwghf_eb and iwghf_eb_window is faulty
[4646]	174	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	175	MODULE indoor_model_mod
[4246]	176
[4646]	177	USE arrays_3d, &
	178	ONLY: ddzw, &
	179	dzw, &
[4402]	180	pt
	181
[4646]	182	USE control_parameters, &
[4246]	183	ONLY: initializing_actions
	184
	185	USE kinds
[4646]	186
	187	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
[4246]	188	ONLY: building_id_f, building_type_f
	189
[4646]	190	USE palm_date_time_mod, &
	191	ONLY: get_date_time, northward_equinox, seconds_per_hour, southward_equinox
[4267]	192
[4646]	193	USE surface_mod, &
[4246]	194	ONLY: surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
	195
	196
	197	IMPLICIT NONE
	198
	199	!
	200	!-- Define data structure for buidlings.
	201	TYPE build
	202
	203	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< building ID
[4646]	204	INTEGER(iwp) :: kb_max !< highest vertical index of a building
[4246]	205	INTEGER(iwp) :: kb_min !< lowest vertical index of a building
	206	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_h = 0 !< total number of horizontal facades elements
	207	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_h_l = 0 !< number of horizontal facade elements on local subdomain
	208	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_v = 0 !< total number of vertical facades elements
	209	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_v_l = 0 !< number of vertical facade elements on local subdomain
	210	INTEGER(iwp) :: ventilation_int_loads !< [-] allocation of activity in the building
	211
[4681]	212	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: l_h !< index array linking surface-element orientation index
	213	!< for horizontal surfaces with building
[4246]	214	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: l_v !< index array linking surface-element orientation index
[4646]	215	!< for vertical surfaces with building
[4246]	216	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: m_h !< index array linking surface-element index for
	217	!< horizontal surfaces with building
[4646]	218	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: m_v !< index array linking surface-element index for
[4246]	219	!< vertical surfaces with building
[4646]	220	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facade_h !< number of horizontal facade elements per buidling
[4246]	221	!< and height level
	222	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facade_v !< number of vertical facades elements per buidling
	223	!< and height level
	224
[4646]	225
[4246]	226	LOGICAL :: on_pe = .FALSE. !< flag indicating whether a building with certain ID is on local subdomain
[4646]	227
[4246]	228	REAL(wp) :: air_change_high !< [1/h] air changes per time_utc_hour
	229	REAL(wp) :: air_change_low !< [1/h] air changes per time_utc_hour
	230	REAL(wp) :: area_facade !< [m2] area of total facade
	231	REAL(wp) :: building_height !< building height
	232	REAL(wp) :: eta_ve !< [-] heat recovery efficiency
	233	REAL(wp) :: factor_a !< [-] Dynamic parameters specific effective surface according to Table 12; 2.5
	234	!< (very light, light and medium), 3.0 (heavy), 3.5 (very heavy)
[4646]	235	REAL(wp) :: factor_c !< [J/(m2 K)] Dynamic parameters inner heatstorage according to Table 12; 80000
[4246]	236	!< (very light), 110000 (light), 165000 (medium), 260000 (heavy), 370000 (very heavy)
	237	REAL(wp) :: f_c_win !< [-] shading factor
[4402]	238	REAL(wp) :: fapf !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade
[4246]	239	REAL(wp) :: g_value_win !< [-] SHGC factor
[4646]	240	REAL(wp) :: h_es !< [W/(m2 K)] surface-related heat transfer coefficient between extern and surface
[4246]	241	REAL(wp) :: height_cei_con !< [m] ceiling construction heigth
	242	REAL(wp) :: height_storey !< [m] storey heigth
	243	REAL(wp) :: params_waste_heat_c !< [-] anthropogenic heat outputs for cooling e.g. 1.33 for KKM with COP = 3
[4646]	244	REAL(wp) :: params_waste_heat_h !< [-] anthropogenic heat outputs for heating e.g. 1 - 0.9 = 0.1 for combustion with
	245	!< eta = 0.9 or -2 for WP with COP = 3
[4246]	246	REAL(wp) :: phi_c_max !< [W] Max. Cooling capacity (negative)
	247	REAL(wp) :: phi_h_max !< [W] Max. Heating capacity (positive)
	248	REAL(wp) :: q_c_max !< [W/m2] Max. Cooling heat flux per netto floor area (negative)
	249	REAL(wp) :: q_h_max !< [W/m2] Max. Heating heat flux per netto floor area (positive)
	250	REAL(wp) :: qint_high !< [W/m2] internal heat gains, option Database qint_0-23
	251	REAL(wp) :: qint_low !< [W/m2] internal heat gains, option Database qint_0-23
	252	REAL(wp) :: lambda_at !< [-] ratio internal surface/floor area chap. 7.2.2.2.
	253	REAL(wp) :: lambda_layer3 !< [W/(m*K)] Thermal conductivity of the inner layer
	254	REAL(wp) :: net_floor_area !< [m2] netto ground area
	255	REAL(wp) :: s_layer3 !< [m] half thickness of the inner layer (layer_3)
	256	REAL(wp) :: theta_int_c_set !< [degree_C] Max. Setpoint temperature (summer)
	257	REAL(wp) :: theta_int_h_set !< [degree_C] Max. Setpoint temperature (winter)
	258	REAL(wp) :: u_value_win !< [W/(m2*K)] transmittance
	259	REAL(wp) :: vol_tot !< [m3] total building volume
	260
	261	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in !< mean building indoor temperature, height dependent
	262	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in_l !< mean building indoor temperature on local subdomain, height dependent
[4687]	263	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: theta_m_t_prev_h !< [degree_C] value of theta_m_t from previous time step (horizontal)
	264	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: theta_m_t_prev_v !< [degree_C] value of theta_m_t from previous time step (vertical)
[4246]	265	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: volume !< total building volume, height dependent
	266	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vol_frac !< fraction of local on total building volume, height dependent
	267	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vpf !< building volume volume per facade element, height dependent
[4646]	268
[4246]	269	END TYPE build
	270
	271	TYPE(build), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: buildings !< building array
	272
	273	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_build !< total number of buildings in domain
	274	!
	275	!-- Declare all global variables within the module
[4646]	276
	277	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: dt_indoor = 3600.0_wp !< [s] time interval for indoor-model application, fixed to
	278	!< 3600.0 due to model requirements
	279	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: h_is = 3.45_wp !< [W/(m2 K)] surface-related heat transfer coefficient between
	280	!< surface and air (chap. 7.2.2.2)
	281	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: h_ms = 9.1_wp !< [W/(m2 K)] surface-related heat transfer coefficient between
	282	!< component and surface (chap. 12.2.2)
	283	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_f_f = 0.3_wp !< [-] frame ratio chap. 8.3.2.1.1 for buildings with mostly
	284	!< cooling 2.0_wp
	285	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_f_w = 0.9_wp !< [-] correction factor (fuer nicht senkrechten Stahlungseinfall
	286	!< DIN 4108-2 chap.8, (hier konstant, keine WinkelabhÃ€ngigkeit)
	287	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_f_win = 0.5_wp !< [-] proportion of window area, Database A_win aus
	288	!< Datenbank 27 window_area_per_facade_percent
	289	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_solar_protection = 300.0_wp !< [W/m2] chap. G.5.3.1 sun protection closed, if the radiation
	290	!< on facade exceeds this value
	291
[4246]	292	INTEGER(iwp) :: cooling_on !< Indoor cooling flag (0=off, 1=on)
	293	INTEGER(iwp) :: heating_on !< Indoor heating flag (0=off, 1=on)
	294	INTEGER(iwp) :: solar_protection_off !< Solar protection off
	295	INTEGER(iwp) :: solar_protection_on !< Solar protection on
	296
[4310]	297
[4246]	298	REAL(wp) :: a_m !< [m2] the effective mass-related area
	299	REAL(wp) :: air_change !< [1/h] Airflow
	300	REAL(wp) :: c_m !< [J/K] internal heat storage capacity
	301	REAL(wp) :: facade_element_area !< [m2_facade] building surface facade
	302	REAL(wp) :: floor_area_per_facade !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade area
	303	REAL(wp) :: h_t_1 !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variable 1
	304	REAL(wp) :: h_t_2 !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variable 2
[4646]	305	REAL(wp) :: h_t_3 !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variable 3
	306	REAL(wp) :: h_t_es !< [W/K] heat transfer coefficient of doors, windows, curtain walls and
	307	!< glazed walls (assumption: thermal mass=0)
[4246]	308	REAL(wp) :: h_t_is !< [W/K] thermal coupling conductance (Thermischer Kopplungsleitwert)
	309	REAL(wp) :: h_t_ms !< [W/K] Heat transfer conductance term (got with h_t_wm the thermal mass)
	310	REAL(wp) :: h_t_wall !< [W/K] heat transfer coefficient of opaque components (assumption: got all
	311	!< thermal mass) contains of h_t_wm and h_t_ms
[4646]	312	REAL(wp) :: h_t_wm !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient of the emmision (got with h_t_ms the
	313	!< thermal mass)
[4246]	314	REAL(wp) :: h_v !< [W/K] heat transfer of ventilation
	315	REAL(wp) :: indoor_volume_per_facade !< [m3] indoor air volume per facade element
	316	REAL(wp) :: initial_indoor_temperature = 293.15 !< [K] initial indoor temperature (namelist parameter)
	317	REAL(wp) :: net_sw_in !< [W/m2] net short-wave radiation
	318	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd !< [W] heating demand and/or cooling demand
[4646]	319	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_10 !< [W] heating demand and/or cooling demand for heating or cooling
[4246]	320	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_ac !< [W] actual heating demand and/or cooling demand
	321	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_un !< [W] unlimited heating demand and/or cooling demand which is necessary to
[4646]	322	!< reach the demanded required temperature (heating is positive,
	323	!< cooling is negative)
[4246]	324	REAL(wp) :: phi_ia !< [W] internal air load = internal loads * 0.5, Eq. (C.1)
	325	REAL(wp) :: phi_m !< [W] mass specific thermal load (internal and external)
	326	REAL(wp) :: phi_mtot !< [W] total mass specific thermal load (internal and external)
	327	REAL(wp) :: phi_sol !< [W] solar loads
[4646]	328	REAL(wp) :: phi_st !< [W] mass specific thermal load implied non thermal mass
[4701]	329	REAL(wp) :: q_wall !< [W/m2]heat flux from indoor into wall
	330	REAL(wp) :: q_win !< [W/m2]heat flux from indoor into window
[4246]	331	REAL(wp) :: q_waste_heat !< [W/m2]waste heat, sum of waste heat over the roof to Palm
[4646]	332
[4246]	333	REAL(wp) :: q_c_m !< [W] Energy of thermal storage mass specific thermal load for internal
	334	!< and external heatsources (for energy bilanz)
[4646]	335	REAL(wp) :: q_c_st !< [W] Energy of thermal storage mass specific thermal load implied non
	336	!< thermal mass (for energy bilanz)
[4246]	337	REAL(wp) :: q_int !< [W] Energy of internal air load (for energy bilanz)
	338	REAL(wp) :: q_sol !< [W] Energy of solar (for energy bilanz)
	339	REAL(wp) :: q_vent !< [W] Energy of ventilation (for energy bilanz)
[4646]	340
[4246]	341	REAL(wp) :: schedule_d !< [-] activation for internal loads (low or high + low)
	342	REAL(wp) :: skip_time_do_indoor = 0.0_wp !< [s] Indoor model is not called before this time
	343	REAL(wp) :: theta_air !< [degree_C] air temperature of the RC-node
	344	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_0 !< [degree_C] air temperature of the RC-node in equilibrium
[4646]	345	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_10 !< [degree_C] air temperature of the RC-node from a heating capacity
[4246]	346	!< of 10 W/m2
	347	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_ac !< [degree_C] actual room temperature after heating/cooling
	348	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_set !< [degree_C] Setpoint_temperature for the room
	349	REAL(wp) :: theta_m !< [degree_C} inner temperature of the RC-node
[4687]	350	REAL(wp) :: theta_m_t !< [degree_C] (Fictive) component temperature during timestep
[4246]	351	REAL(wp) :: theta_op !< [degree_C] operative temperature
	352	REAL(wp) :: theta_s !< [degree_C] surface temperature of the RC-node
	353	REAL(wp) :: time_indoor = 0.0_wp !< [s] time since last call of indoor model
	354	REAL(wp) :: total_area !< [m2] area of all surfaces pointing to zone
	355	REAL(wp) :: window_area_per_facade !< [m2] window area per facade element
[4646]	356
[4267]	357	!
	358	!-- Definition of seasonal parameters, summer and winter, for different building types
[4646]	359	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:1,1:7) :: summer_pars = RESHAPE( (/ & ! building_type 1
	360	0.5_wp, & ! basical airflow without occupancy of the room
	361	2.0_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	362	0.5_wp, & ! building_type 2: basical airflow without occupancy
	363	! of the room
	364	2.0_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	365	0.8_wp, & ! building_type 3: basical airflow without occupancy
	366	! of the room
	367	2.0_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	368	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 4: basical airflow without occupancy
	369	! of the room
	370	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	371	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 5: basical airflow without occupancy
	372	! of the room
	373	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	374	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 6: basical airflow without occupancy
	375	! of the room
	376	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	377	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 7: basical airflow without occupancy
	378	! of the room
	379	1.5_wp & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
[4267]	380	/), (/ 2, 7 /) )
[4246]	381
[4646]	382	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:1,1:7) :: winter_pars = RESHAPE( (/ & ! building_type 1
	383	0.1_wp, & ! basical airflow without occupancy of the room
	384	0.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	385	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 2: basical airflow without occupancy
	386	! of the room
	387	0.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	388	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 3: basical airflow without occupancy
	389	! of the room
	390	0.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	391	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 4: basical airflow without occupancy
	392	! of the room
	393	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	394	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 5: basical airflow without occupancy
	395	! of the room
	396	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	397	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 6: basical airflow without occupancy
	398	! of the room
	399	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
	400	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 7: basical airflow without occupancy
	401	! of the room
	402	1.5_wp & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
[4267]	403	/), (/ 2, 7 /) )
	404
[4246]	405	SAVE
	406
	407
	408	PRIVATE
[4646]	409
[4246]	410	!
	411	!-- Add INTERFACES that must be available to other modules
[4646]	412	PUBLIC im_init, im_main_heatcool, im_parin, im_define_netcdf_grid, im_check_data_output, &
	413	im_data_output_3d, im_check_parameters
[4246]	414
[4646]	415
[4246]	416	!
	417	!-- Add VARIABLES that must be available to other modules
	418	PUBLIC dt_indoor, skip_time_do_indoor, time_indoor
	419
	420	!
	421	!-- PALM interfaces:
	422	!-- Data output checks for 2D/3D data to be done in check_parameters
	423	INTERFACE im_check_data_output
	424	MODULE PROCEDURE im_check_data_output
	425	END INTERFACE im_check_data_output
	426	!
	427	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
	428	INTERFACE im_check_parameters
	429	MODULE PROCEDURE im_check_parameters
	430	END INTERFACE im_check_parameters
	431	!
	432	!-- Data output of 3D data
	433	INTERFACE im_data_output_3d
	434	MODULE PROCEDURE im_data_output_3d
	435	END INTERFACE im_data_output_3d
	436
	437	!
	438	!-- Definition of data output quantities
	439	INTERFACE im_define_netcdf_grid
	440	MODULE PROCEDURE im_define_netcdf_grid
	441	END INTERFACE im_define_netcdf_grid
[4646]	442	!
[4246]	443	! !
	444	! !-- Output of information to the header file
	445	! INTERFACE im_header
	446	! MODULE PROCEDURE im_header
	447	! END INTERFACE im_header
	448	!
[4646]	449	!-- Calculations for indoor temperatures
[4246]	450	INTERFACE im_calc_temperatures
	451	MODULE PROCEDURE im_calc_temperatures
	452	END INTERFACE im_calc_temperatures
	453	!
[4646]	454	!-- Initialization actions
[4246]	455	INTERFACE im_init
	456	MODULE PROCEDURE im_init
	457	END INTERFACE im_init
	458	!
[4646]	459	!-- Main part of indoor model
[4246]	460	INTERFACE im_main_heatcool
	461	MODULE PROCEDURE im_main_heatcool
	462	END INTERFACE im_main_heatcool
	463	!
	464	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
	465	INTERFACE im_parin
	466	MODULE PROCEDURE im_parin
	467	END INTERFACE im_parin
	468
	469	CONTAINS
	470
[4646]	471	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	472	! Description:
	473	! ------------
[4646]	474	!< Calculation of the air temperatures and mean radiation temperature.
	475	!< This is basis for the operative temperature.
	476	!< Based on a Crank-Nicholson scheme with a timestep of a hour.
	477	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4702]	478	SUBROUTINE im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
[4687]	479	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd_dummy, theta_m_t_prev )
[4402]	480
[4246]	481	INTEGER(iwp) :: i
	482	INTEGER(iwp) :: j
	483	INTEGER(iwp) :: k
[4646]	484
[4701]	485	REAL(wp) :: indoor_wall_temperature !< temperature of innermost wall layer evtl in im_calc_temperatures einfÃŒgen
[4246]	486	REAL(wp) :: near_facade_temperature
	487	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_dummy
[4687]	488	REAL(wp), INTENT(IN) :: theta_m_t_prev
[4246]	489	!
	490	!-- Calculation of total mass specific thermal load (internal and external)
[4701]	491	phi_mtot = ( phi_m + h_t_wm * indoor_wall_temperature &
[4646]	492	+ h_t_3 * ( phi_st + h_t_es * pt(k,j,i) &
	493	+ h_t_1 * &
	494	( ( ( phi_ia + phi_hc_nd_dummy ) / h_v ) &
	495	+ near_facade_temperature ) &
	496	) / h_t_2 &
[4246]	497	) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.5)
[4646]	498	!
[4687]	499	!-- Calculation of component temperature at current timestep
[4646]	500	theta_m_t = ( ( theta_m_t_prev &
	501	* ( ( c_m / 3600.0_wp ) - 0.5_wp * ( h_t_3 + h_t_wm ) ) &
	502	+ phi_mtot &
	503	) &
	504	/ ( ( c_m / 3600.0_wp ) + 0.5_wp * ( h_t_3 + h_t_wm ) ) &
[4246]	505	) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.4)
	506	!
[4687]	507	!-- Calculation of mean inner temperature for the RC-node in current timestep
[4246]	508	theta_m = ( theta_m_t + theta_m_t_prev ) * 0.5_wp !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.9)
[4646]	509
[4246]	510	!
[4687]	511	!-- Calculation of mean surface temperature of the RC-node in current timestep
[4646]	512	theta_s = ( ( h_t_ms * theta_m + phi_st + h_t_es * pt(k,j,i) &
	513	+ h_t_1 * ( near_facade_temperature &
	514	+ ( phi_ia + phi_hc_nd_dummy ) / h_v ) &
	515	) &
	516	/ ( h_t_ms + h_t_es + h_t_1 ) &
[4246]	517	) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.10)
[4646]	518
[4246]	519	!
	520	!-- Calculation of the air temperature of the RC-node
[4687]	521
	522
[4646]	523	theta_air = ( h_t_is * theta_s + h_v * near_facade_temperature + phi_ia + phi_hc_nd_dummy ) / &
	524	( h_t_is + h_v ) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.11)
[4246]	525
[4687]	526
[4246]	527	END SUBROUTINE im_calc_temperatures
	528
[4646]	529
	530	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	531	! Description:
	532	! ------------
	533	!> Initialization of the indoor model.
[4646]	534	!> Static information are calculated here, e.g. building parameters and geometrical information,
	535	!> anything that doesn't change in time.
[4246]	536	!
	537	!-- Input values
	538	!-- Input datas from Palm, M4
	539	! i_global --> net_sw_in !< global radiation [W/m2]
	540	! theta_e --> pt(k,j,i) !< undisturbed outside temperature, 1. PALM volume, for windows
	541	! theta_sup = theta_f --> surf_usm_h%pt_10cm(m)
[4646]	542	! surf_usm_v(l)%pt_10cm(m) !< Air temperature, facade near (10cm) air temperature from
	543	!< 1. Palm volume
[4246]	544	! theta_node --> t_wall_h(nzt_wall,m)
	545	! t_wall_v(l)%t(nzt_wall,m) !< Temperature of innermost wall layer, for opaque wall
[4646]	546	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	547	SUBROUTINE im_init
	548
[4646]	549	USE control_parameters, &
[4267]	550	ONLY: message_string, time_since_reference_point
[4246]	551
[4646]	552	USE indices, &
[4346]	553	ONLY: nxl, nxr, nyn, nys, nzb, nzt, wall_flags_total_0
[4246]	554
[4646]	555	USE grid_variables, &
[4246]	556	ONLY: dx, dy
	557
	558	USE pegrid
	559
[4646]	560	USE surface_mod, &
[4246]	561	ONLY: surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
[4646]	562
	563	USE urban_surface_mod, &
[4246]	564	ONLY: building_pars, building_type
	565
[4267]	566	INTEGER(iwp) :: bt !< local building type
	567	INTEGER(iwp) :: day_of_year !< day of the year
	568	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index along x-direction
	569	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index along y-direction
	570	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index along z-direction
	571	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index for surface-element orientation
	572	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index surface elements
	573	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< building index
	574	INTEGER(iwp) :: nb !< building index
[4246]	575
	576	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids !< building IDs on entire model domain
[4646]	577	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_final !< building IDs on entire model domain,
	578	!< multiple occurences are sorted out
[4246]	579	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_final_tmp !< temporary array used for resizing
	580	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_l !< building IDs on local subdomain
	581	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_l_tmp !< temporary array used to resize array of building IDs
	582	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displace_dum !< displacements of start addresses, used for MPI_ALLGATHERV
	583	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_max_l !< highest vertical index of a building on subdomain
	584	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_min_l !< lowest vertical index of a building on subdomain
	585	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: n_fa !< counting array
[4646]	586	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facades_h !< dummy array used for summing-up total number of
[4246]	587	!< horizontal facade elements
[4646]	588	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facades_v !< dummy array used for summing-up total number of
[4246]	589	!< vertical facade elements
[4646]	590	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: receive_dum_h !< dummy array used for MPI_ALLREDUCE
	591	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: receive_dum_v !< dummy array used for MPI_ALLREDUCE
	592
[4246]	593	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(0:numprocs-1) :: num_buildings !< number of buildings with different ID on entire model domain
	594	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(0:numprocs-1) :: num_buildings_l !< number of buildings with different ID on local subdomain
[4646]	595
[4246]	596	REAL(wp) :: u_tmp !< dummy for temporary calculation of u-value without h_is
	597	REAL(wp) :: du_tmp !< 1/u_tmp
	598	REAL(wp) :: du_win_tmp !< 1/building(nb)%u_value_win
	599	REAL(wp) :: facade_area_v !< dummy to compute the total facade area from vertical walls
	600
	601	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: volume !< total building volume at each discrete height level
	602	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: volume_l !< total building volume at each discrete height level,
	603	!< on local subdomain
	604
	605	CALL location_message( 'initializing indoor model', 'start' )
	606	!
[4646]	607	!-- Initializing of indoor model is only possible if buildings can be distinguished by their IDs.
[4246]	608	IF ( .NOT. building_id_f%from_file ) THEN
	609	message_string = 'Indoor model requires information about building_id'
	610	CALL message( 'im_init', 'PA0999', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	611	ENDIF
	612	!
	613	!-- Determine number of different building IDs on local subdomain.
	614	num_buildings_l = 0
	615	num_buildings = 0
	616	ALLOCATE( build_ids_l(1) )
	617	DO i = nxl, nxr
	618	DO j = nys, nyn
	619	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
	620	IF ( num_buildings_l(myid) > 0 ) THEN
[4646]	621	IF ( ANY( building_id_f%var(j,i) == build_ids_l ) ) THEN
[4246]	622	CYCLE
	623	ELSE
	624	num_buildings_l(myid) = num_buildings_l(myid) + 1
	625	!
	626	!-- Resize array with different local building ids
	627	ALLOCATE( build_ids_l_tmp(1:SIZE(build_ids_l)) )
	628	build_ids_l_tmp = build_ids_l
	629	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_l )
	630	ALLOCATE( build_ids_l(1:num_buildings_l(myid)) )
[4646]	631	build_ids_l(1:num_buildings_l(myid)-1) = &
	632	build_ids_l_tmp(1:num_buildings_l(myid)-1)
[4246]	633	build_ids_l(num_buildings_l(myid)) = building_id_f%var(j,i)
	634	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_l_tmp )
	635	ENDIF
	636	!
[4646]	637	!-- First occuring building id on PE
	638	ELSE
[4246]	639	num_buildings_l(myid) = num_buildings_l(myid) + 1
	640	build_ids_l(1) = building_id_f%var(j,i)
	641	ENDIF
	642	ENDIF
	643	ENDDO
	644	ENDDO
	645	!
[4646]	646	!-- Determine number of building IDs for the entire domain. (Note, building IDs can appear multiple
	647	!-- times as buildings might be distributed over several PEs.)
	648	#if defined( __parallel )
	649	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( num_buildings_l, num_buildings, numprocs, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, &
	650	ierr )
[4246]	651	#else
	652	num_buildings = num_buildings_l
	653	#endif
	654	ALLOCATE( build_ids(1:SUM(num_buildings)) )
	655	!
[4646]	656	!-- Gather building IDs. Therefore, first, determine displacements used required for MPI_GATHERV
	657	!-- call.
[4246]	658	ALLOCATE( displace_dum(0:numprocs-1) )
	659	displace_dum(0) = 0
	660	DO i = 1, numprocs-1
	661	displace_dum(i) = displace_dum(i-1) + num_buildings(i-1)
	662	ENDDO
	663
[4646]	664	#if defined( __parallel )
	665	CALL MPI_ALLGATHERV( build_ids_l(1:num_buildings_l(myid)), &
	666	num_buildings(myid), &
	667	MPI_INTEGER, &
	668	build_ids, &
	669	num_buildings, &
	670	displace_dum, &
	671	MPI_INTEGER, &
	672	comm2d, ierr )
[4246]	673
	674	DEALLOCATE( displace_dum )
	675
	676	#else
	677	build_ids = build_ids_l
	678	#endif
	679	!
[4646]	680	!-- Note: in parallel mode, building IDs can occur mutliple times, as each PE has send its own ids.
	681	!-- Therefore, sort out building IDs which appear multiple times.
[4246]	682	num_build = 0
	683	DO n = 1, SIZE(build_ids)
	684
	685	IF ( ALLOCATED(build_ids_final) ) THEN
	686	IF ( ANY( build_ids(n) == build_ids_final ) ) THEN
	687	CYCLE
	688	ELSE
	689	num_build = num_build + 1
	690	!
	691	!-- Resize
	692	ALLOCATE( build_ids_final_tmp(1:num_build) )
	693	build_ids_final_tmp(1:num_build-1) = build_ids_final(1:num_build-1)
	694	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_final )
	695	ALLOCATE( build_ids_final(1:num_build) )
	696	build_ids_final(1:num_build-1) = build_ids_final_tmp(1:num_build-1)
	697	build_ids_final(num_build) = build_ids(n)
	698	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_final_tmp )
[4646]	699	ENDIF
[4246]	700	ELSE
	701	num_build = num_build + 1
	702	ALLOCATE( build_ids_final(1:num_build) )
	703	build_ids_final(num_build) = build_ids(n)
	704	ENDIF
	705	ENDDO
	706
	707	!
[4646]	708	!-- Allocate building-data structure array. Note, this is a global array and all building IDs on
	709	!-- domain are known by each PE. Further attributes, e.g. height-dependent arrays, however, are only
	710	!-- allocated on PEs where the respective building is present (in order to reduce memory demands).
[4246]	711	ALLOCATE( buildings(1:num_build) )
	712
	713	!
[4646]	714	!-- Store building IDs and check if building with certain ID is present on subdomain.
[4246]	715	DO nb = 1, num_build
	716	buildings(nb)%id = build_ids_final(nb)
	717
[4646]	718	IF ( ANY( building_id_f%var(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) == buildings(nb)%id ) ) &
[4246]	719	buildings(nb)%on_pe = .TRUE.
[4646]	720	ENDDO
[4246]	721	!
[4646]	722	!-- Determine the maximum vertical dimension occupied by each building.
[4246]	723	ALLOCATE( k_min_l(1:num_build) )
	724	ALLOCATE( k_max_l(1:num_build) )
	725	k_min_l = nzt + 1
[4646]	726	k_max_l = 0
[4246]	727
	728	DO i = nxl, nxr
	729	DO j = nys, nyn
	730	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
[4646]	731	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
[4246]	732	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	733	!
[4646]	734	!-- Check if grid point belongs to a building.
[4346]	735	IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 6 ) ) THEN
[4246]	736	k_min_l(nb) = MIN( k_min_l(nb), k )
	737	k_max_l(nb) = MAX( k_max_l(nb), k )
	738	ENDIF
	739
	740	ENDDO
	741	ENDIF
	742	ENDDO
	743	ENDDO
	744
[4646]	745	#if defined( __parallel )
	746	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( k_min_l(:), buildings(:)%kb_min, num_build, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_MIN, comm2d, &
	747	ierr )
	748	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( k_max_l(:), buildings(:)%kb_max, num_build, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_MAX, comm2d, &
	749	ierr )
[4246]	750	#else
	751	buildings(:)%kb_min = k_min_l(:)
	752	buildings(:)%kb_max = k_max_l(:)
	753	#endif
	754
	755	DEALLOCATE( k_min_l )
	756	DEALLOCATE( k_max_l )
	757	!
	758	!-- Calculate building height.
	759	DO nb = 1, num_build
	760	buildings(nb)%building_height = 0.0_wp
	761	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
[4646]	762	buildings(nb)%building_height = buildings(nb)%building_height + dzw(k+1)
[4246]	763	ENDDO
	764	ENDDO
	765	!
	766	!-- Calculate building volume
	767	DO nb = 1, num_build
	768	!
	769	!-- Allocate temporary array for summing-up building volume
	770	ALLOCATE( volume(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	771	ALLOCATE( volume_l(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	772	volume = 0.0_wp
	773	volume_l = 0.0_wp
	774	!
[4646]	775	!-- Calculate building volume per height level on each PE where these building is present.
[4246]	776	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
	777
	778	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%volume(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	779	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%vol_frac(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	780	buildings(nb)%volume = 0.0_wp
	781	buildings(nb)%vol_frac = 0.0_wp
[4646]	782
	783	IF ( ANY( building_id_f%var(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) == buildings(nb)%id ) ) THEN
[4246]	784	DO i = nxl, nxr
	785	DO j = nys, nyn
	786	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
[4646]	787	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) &
[4246]	788	volume_l(k) = volume_l(k) + dx * dy * dzw(k+1)
	789	ENDDO
	790	ENDDO
	791	ENDDO
	792	ENDIF
	793	ENDIF
	794	!
	795	!-- Sum-up building volume from all subdomains
[4646]	796	#if defined( __parallel )
	797	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_l, volume, SIZE(volume), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[4246]	798	#else
	799	volume = volume_l
	800	#endif
	801	!
[4646]	802	!-- Save total building volume as well as local fraction on volume on building data structure.
[4246]	803	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%volume ) ) buildings(nb)%volume = volume
	804	!
	805	!-- Determine fraction of local on total building volume
	806	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) buildings(nb)%vol_frac = volume_l / volume
	807	!
	808	!-- Calculate total building volume
[4646]	809	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%volume ) ) buildings(nb)%vol_tot = SUM( buildings(nb)%volume )
[4246]	810
	811	DEALLOCATE( volume )
	812	DEALLOCATE( volume_l )
	813
	814	ENDDO
	815	!
[4646]	816	!-- Allocate arrays for indoor temperature.
[4246]	817	DO nb = 1, num_build
	818	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
	819	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%t_in(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	820	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%t_in_l(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	821	buildings(nb)%t_in = 0.0_wp
	822	buildings(nb)%t_in_l = 0.0_wp
	823	ENDIF
	824	ENDDO
	825	!
[4646]	826	!-- Allocate arrays for number of facades per height level. Distinguish between horizontal and
	827	!-- vertical facades.
[4246]	828	DO nb = 1, num_build
	829	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
	830	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	831	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	832
	833	buildings(nb)%num_facade_h = 0
	834	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v = 0
	835	ENDIF
	836	ENDDO
	837	!
	838	!-- Determine number of facade elements per building on local subdomain.
	839	!-- Distinguish between horizontal and vertical facade elements.
	840	!
	841	!-- Horizontal facades
	842	buildings(:)%num_facades_per_building_h_l = 0
[4671]	843	DO l = 0, 1
	844	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(l)%ns
[4246]	845	!
[4671]	846	!-- For the current facade element determine corresponding building index.
	847	!-- First, obtain j,j,k indices of the building. Please note the offset between facade/surface
	848	!-- element and building location (for horizontal surface elements the horizontal offsets are
	849	!-- zero).
	850	i = surf_usm_h(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%ioff
	851	j = surf_usm_h(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%joff
	852	k = surf_usm_h(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%koff
[4246]	853	!
[4671]	854	!-- Determine building index and check whether building is on PE.
	855	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
[4246]	856
[4671]	857	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
[4246]	858	!
[4671]	859	!-- Count number of facade elements at each height level.
	860	buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) = buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + 1
[4246]	861	!
[4671]	862	!-- Moreover, sum up number of local facade elements per building.
	863	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l = &
[4646]	864	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l + 1
[4671]	865	ENDIF
	866	ENDDO
[4246]	867	ENDDO
	868	!
	869	!-- Vertical facades
	870	buildings(:)%num_facades_per_building_v_l = 0
	871	DO l = 0, 3
	872	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
	873	!
	874	!-- For the current facade element determine corresponding building index.
[4646]	875	!-- First, obtain j,j,k indices of the building. Please note the offset between facade/surface
	876	!-- element and building location (for vertical surface elements the vertical offsets are
	877	!-- zero).
[4246]	878	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
	879	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%joff
	880	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%koff
	881
[4646]	882	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
[4246]	883	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
[4646]	884	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) = buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) + 1
	885	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l = &
	886	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l + 1
[4246]	887	ENDIF
	888	ENDDO
	889	ENDDO
	890	!
[4646]	891	!-- Determine total number of facade elements per building and assign number to building data type.
[4246]	892	DO nb = 1, num_build
	893	!
[4646]	894	!-- Allocate dummy array used for summing-up facade elements.
	895	!-- Please note, dummy arguments are necessary as building-date type arrays are not necessarily
	896	!-- allocated on all PEs.
[4246]	897	ALLOCATE( num_facades_h(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	898	ALLOCATE( num_facades_v(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	899	ALLOCATE( receive_dum_h(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	900	ALLOCATE( receive_dum_v(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	901	num_facades_h = 0
	902	num_facades_v = 0
	903	receive_dum_h = 0
	904	receive_dum_v = 0
	905
	906	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
	907	num_facades_h = buildings(nb)%num_facade_h
	908	num_facades_v = buildings(nb)%num_facade_v
	909	ENDIF
	910
[4646]	911	#if defined( __parallel )
	912	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( num_facades_h, &
	913	receive_dum_h, &
	914	buildings(nb)%kb_max - buildings(nb)%kb_min + 1, &
	915	MPI_INTEGER, &
	916	MPI_SUM, &
	917	comm2d, &
[4246]	918	ierr )
	919
[4646]	920	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( num_facades_v, &
	921	receive_dum_v, &
	922	buildings(nb)%kb_max - buildings(nb)%kb_min + 1, &
	923	MPI_INTEGER, &
	924	MPI_SUM, &
	925	comm2d, &
[4246]	926	ierr )
[4646]	927	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h ) ) buildings(nb)%num_facade_h = receive_dum_h
	928	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%num_facade_v ) ) buildings(nb)%num_facade_v = receive_dum_v
[4246]	929	#else
	930	buildings(nb)%num_facade_h = num_facades_h
	931	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v = num_facades_v
	932	#endif
	933
	934	!
	935	!-- Deallocate dummy arrays
	936	DEALLOCATE( num_facades_h )
	937	DEALLOCATE( num_facades_v )
	938	DEALLOCATE( receive_dum_h )
	939	DEALLOCATE( receive_dum_v )
	940	!
	941	!-- Allocate index arrays which link facade elements with surface-data type.
[4646]	942	!-- Please note, no height levels are considered here (information is stored in surface-data type
	943	!-- itself).
[4246]	944	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
	945	!
	946	!-- Determine number of facade elements per building.
	947	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h = SUM( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h )
	948	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v = SUM( buildings(nb)%num_facade_v )
	949	!
[4646]	950	!-- Allocate arrays which link the building with the horizontal and vertical urban-type
	951	!-- surfaces. Please note, linking arrays are allocated over all facade elements, which is
	952	!-- required in case a building is located at the subdomain boundaries, where the building and
	953	!-- the corresponding surface elements are located on different subdomains.
[4681]	954	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%l_h(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l) )
[4246]	955	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%m_h(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l) )
	956
	957	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%l_v(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l) )
	958	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%m_v(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l) )
[4687]	959
	960	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l) )
	961	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l) )
[4246]	962	ENDIF
[4402]	963
[4246]	964	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
	965	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%vpf(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	966	buildings(nb)%vpf = 0.0_wp
[4402]	967
[4646]	968	facade_area_v = 0.0_wp
[4246]	969	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
[4646]	970	facade_area_v = facade_area_v + buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) * dzw(k+1) * dx
[4246]	971	ENDDO
[4402]	972	!
[4646]	973	!-- Determine volume per total facade area (vpf). For the horizontal facade area
	974	!-- num_facades_per_building_h can be taken, multiplied with dx*dy.
	975	!-- However, due to grid stretching, vertical facade elements must be summed-up vertically.
	976	!-- Please note, if dx /= dy, an error is made!
	977	buildings(nb)%vpf = buildings(nb)%vol_tot / &
	978	( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h * dx * dy + facade_area_v )
[4402]	979	!
	980	!-- Determine floor-area-per-facade.
[4646]	981	buildings(nb)%fapf = buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h * dx * dy &
	982	/ ( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h * dx * dy &
	983	+ facade_area_v )
[4246]	984	ENDIF
	985	ENDDO
	986	!
[4646]	987	!-- Link facade elements with surface data type.
[4246]	988	!-- Allocate array for counting.
	989	ALLOCATE( n_fa(1:num_build) )
	990	n_fa = 1
	991
[4671]	992	DO l = 0, 1
	993	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(l)%ns
	994	i = surf_usm_h(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%ioff
	995	j = surf_usm_h(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%joff
[4246]	996
[4671]	997	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
[4246]	998
[4671]	999	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
[4681]	1000	buildings(nb)%l_h(n_fa(nb)) = l
[4671]	1001	buildings(nb)%m_h(n_fa(nb)) = m
	1002	n_fa(nb) = n_fa(nb) + 1
	1003	ENDIF
	1004	ENDDO
[4246]	1005	ENDDO
	1006
	1007	n_fa = 1
	1008	DO l = 0, 3
	1009	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
	1010	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
	1011	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%joff
	1012
[4646]	1013	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
[4246]	1014
	1015	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
	1016	buildings(nb)%l_v(n_fa(nb)) = l
	1017	buildings(nb)%m_v(n_fa(nb)) = m
[4646]	1018	n_fa(nb) = n_fa(nb) + 1
[4246]	1019	ENDIF
	1020	ENDDO
	1021	ENDDO
	1022	DEALLOCATE( n_fa )
	1023	!
[4646]	1024	!-- Initialize building parameters, first by mean building type. Note, in this case all buildings
	1025	!-- have the same type.
	1026	!-- In a second step initialize with building tpyes from static input file, where building types can
	1027	!-- be individual for each building.
[4267]	1028	buildings(:)%lambda_layer3 = building_pars(31,building_type)
	1029	buildings(:)%s_layer3 = building_pars(44,building_type)
[4246]	1030	buildings(:)%f_c_win = building_pars(119,building_type)
[4646]	1031	buildings(:)%g_value_win = building_pars(120,building_type)
	1032	buildings(:)%u_value_win = building_pars(121,building_type)
	1033	buildings(:)%eta_ve = building_pars(124,building_type)
	1034	buildings(:)%factor_a = building_pars(125,building_type)
[4246]	1035	buildings(:)%factor_c = building_pars(126,building_type)
[4646]	1036	buildings(:)%lambda_at = building_pars(127,building_type)
	1037	buildings(:)%theta_int_h_set = building_pars(13,building_type)
[4267]	1038	buildings(:)%theta_int_c_set = building_pars(12,building_type)
[4646]	1039	buildings(:)%q_h_max = building_pars(128,building_type)
	1040	buildings(:)%q_c_max = building_pars(129,building_type)
[4246]	1041	buildings(:)%qint_high = building_pars(130,building_type)
	1042	buildings(:)%qint_low = building_pars(131,building_type)
	1043	buildings(:)%height_storey = building_pars(132,building_type)
	1044	buildings(:)%height_cei_con = building_pars(133,building_type)
	1045	buildings(:)%params_waste_heat_h = building_pars(134,building_type)
	1046	buildings(:)%params_waste_heat_c = building_pars(135,building_type)
	1047	!
[4267]	1048	!-- Initialize seasonal dependent parameters, depending on day of the year.
[4646]	1049	!-- First, calculated day of the year.
[4267]	1050	CALL get_date_time( time_since_reference_point, day_of_year = day_of_year )
	1051	!
[4646]	1052	!-- Summer is defined in between northward- and southward equinox.
	1053	IF ( day_of_year >= northward_equinox .AND. day_of_year <= southward_equinox ) THEN
	1054	buildings(:)%air_change_low = summer_pars(0,building_type)
[4267]	1055	buildings(:)%air_change_high = summer_pars(1,building_type)
	1056	ELSE
[4646]	1057	buildings(:)%air_change_low = winter_pars(0,building_type)
[4267]	1058	buildings(:)%air_change_high = winter_pars(1,building_type)
	1059	ENDIF
	1060	!
[4646]	1061	!-- Initialize ventilation load. Please note, building types > 7 are actually not allowed (check
	1062	!-- already in urban_surface_mod and netcdf_data_input_mod.
	1063	!-- However, the building data base may be later extended.
	1064	IF ( building_type == 1 .OR. building_type == 2 .OR. &
	1065	building_type == 3 .OR. building_type == 10 .OR. &
[4246]	1066	building_type == 11 .OR. building_type == 12 ) THEN
	1067	buildings(:)%ventilation_int_loads = 1
	1068	!
	1069	!-- Office, building with large windows
[4646]	1070	ELSEIF ( building_type == 4 .OR. building_type == 5 .OR. &
	1071	building_type == 6 .OR. building_type == 7 .OR. &
[4246]	1072	building_type == 8 .OR. building_type == 9) THEN
	1073	buildings(:)%ventilation_int_loads = 2
	1074	!
	1075	!-- Industry, hospitals
[4646]	1076	ELSEIF ( building_type == 13 .OR. building_type == 14 .OR. &
	1077	building_type == 15 .OR. building_type == 16 .OR. &
[4246]	1078	building_type == 17 .OR. building_type == 18 ) THEN
	1079	buildings(:)%ventilation_int_loads = 3
	1080	ENDIF
	1081	!
	1082	!-- Initialization of building parameters - level 2
	1083	IF ( building_type_f%from_file ) THEN
	1084	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1085	DO j = nys, nyn
	1086	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
[4646]	1087	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
[4246]	1088	bt = building_type_f%var(j,i)
[4646]	1089
[4267]	1090	buildings(nb)%lambda_layer3 = building_pars(31,bt)
	1091	buildings(nb)%s_layer3 = building_pars(44,bt)
[4246]	1092	buildings(nb)%f_c_win = building_pars(119,bt)
[4646]	1093	buildings(nb)%g_value_win = building_pars(120,bt)
	1094	buildings(nb)%u_value_win = building_pars(121,bt)
	1095	buildings(nb)%eta_ve = building_pars(124,bt)
	1096	buildings(nb)%factor_a = building_pars(125,bt)
[4246]	1097	buildings(nb)%factor_c = building_pars(126,bt)
[4646]	1098	buildings(nb)%lambda_at = building_pars(127,bt)
	1099	buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set = building_pars(13,bt)
[4267]	1100	buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set = building_pars(12,bt)
[4646]	1101	buildings(nb)%q_h_max = building_pars(128,bt)
	1102	buildings(nb)%q_c_max = building_pars(129,bt)
[4246]	1103	buildings(nb)%qint_high = building_pars(130,bt)
	1104	buildings(nb)%qint_low = building_pars(131,bt)
	1105	buildings(nb)%height_storey = building_pars(132,bt)
[4646]	1106	buildings(nb)%height_cei_con = building_pars(133,bt)
[4246]	1107	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_h = building_pars(134,bt)
	1108	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_c = building_pars(135,bt)
[4267]	1109
[4646]	1110	IF ( day_of_year >= northward_equinox .AND. day_of_year <= southward_equinox ) THEN
	1111	buildings(nb)%air_change_low = summer_pars(0,bt)
[4267]	1112	buildings(nb)%air_change_high = summer_pars(1,bt)
	1113	ELSE
[4646]	1114	buildings(nb)%air_change_low = winter_pars(0,bt)
[4267]	1115	buildings(nb)%air_change_high = winter_pars(1,bt)
	1116	ENDIF
	1117
[4246]	1118	!
[4646]	1119	!-- Initialize ventilaation load. Please note, building types > 7
	1120	!-- are actually not allowed (check already in urban_surface_mod
	1121	!-- and netcdf_data_input_mod. However, the building data base may
	1122	!-- be later extended.
	1123	IF ( bt == 1 .OR. bt == 2 .OR. &
	1124	bt == 3 .OR. bt == 10 .OR. &
[4246]	1125	bt == 11 .OR. bt == 12 ) THEN
	1126	buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads = 1
[4646]	1127	!
[4246]	1128	!-- Office, building with large windows
[4646]	1129	ELSEIF ( bt == 4 .OR. bt == 5 .OR. &
	1130	bt == 6 .OR. bt == 7 .OR. &
[4246]	1131	bt == 8 .OR. bt == 9) THEN
	1132	buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads = 2
	1133	!
	1134	!-- Industry, hospitals
[4646]	1135	ELSEIF ( bt == 13 .OR. bt == 14 .OR. &
	1136	bt == 15 .OR. bt == 16 .OR. &
[4246]	1137	bt == 17 .OR. bt == 18 ) THEN
	1138	buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads = 3
	1139	ENDIF
	1140	ENDIF
	1141	ENDDO
	1142	ENDDO
	1143	ENDIF
	1144	!
[4646]	1145	!-- Calculation of surface-related heat transfer coeffiecient out of standard u-values from building
	1146	!-- database.
	1147	!-- Only amount of extern and surface is used.
	1148	!-- Otherwise amount between air and surface taken account twice.
[4246]	1149	DO nb = 1, num_build
[4646]	1150	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
[4246]	1151	du_win_tmp = 1.0_wp / buildings(nb)%u_value_win
[4646]	1152	u_tmp = buildings(nb)%u_value_win * ( du_win_tmp / ( du_win_tmp - &
[4246]	1153	0.125_wp + ( 1.0_wp / h_is ) ) )
[4646]	1154
[4246]	1155	du_tmp = 1.0_wp / u_tmp
[4646]	1156
[4267]	1157	buildings(nb)%h_es = 1.0_wp / ( du_tmp - ( 1.0_wp / h_is ) )
	1158
[4246]	1159	ENDIF
	1160	ENDDO
	1161	!
	1162	!-- Initialize indoor temperature. Actually only for output at initial state.
	1163	DO nb = 1, num_build
[4687]	1164	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
	1165	buildings(nb)%t_in(:) = initial_indoor_temperature
	1166
	1167	!
	1168	!-- (after first loop, use theta_m_t as theta_m_t_prev)
	1169	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(:) = initial_indoor_temperature
	1170	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(:) = initial_indoor_temperature
	1171
	1172	ENDIF
[4246]	1173	ENDDO
	1174
	1175	CALL location_message( 'initializing indoor model', 'finished' )
	1176
	1177	END SUBROUTINE im_init
	1178
	1179
[4646]	1180	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	1181	! Description:
	1182	! ------------
	1183	!> Main part of the indoor model.
	1184	!> Calculation of .... (kanani: Please describe)
[4646]	1185	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	1186	SUBROUTINE im_main_heatcool
	1187
	1188	! USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
	1189	! ONLY: c_p
	1190
[4646]	1191	USE control_parameters, &
[4246]	1192	ONLY: time_since_reference_point
	1193
[4646]	1194	USE grid_variables, &
[4246]	1195	ONLY: dx, dy
	1196
	1197	USE pegrid
[4646]	1198
	1199	USE surface_mod, &
[4246]	1200	ONLY: ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
	1201
[4646]	1202	USE urban_surface_mod, &
	1203	ONLY: building_type, nzt_wall, t_wall_h, t_wall_v, t_window_h, t_window_v
[4246]	1204
[4646]	1205
	1206	INTEGER(iwp) :: fa !< running index for facade elements of each building
[4246]	1207	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< index of facade-adjacent atmosphere grid point in x-direction
	1208	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< index of facade-adjacent atmosphere grid point in y-direction
	1209	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index of facade-adjacent atmosphere grid point in z-direction
	1210	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< vertical index of indoor grid point adjacent to facade
	1211	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index for surface-element orientation
	1212	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index surface elements
	1213	INTEGER(iwp) :: nb !< running index for buildings
	1214
	1215	REAL(wp) :: indoor_wall_window_temperature !< weighted temperature of innermost wall/window layer
[4701]	1216
	1217	REAL(wp) :: indoor_wall_temperature !< temperature of innermost wall layer evtl in im_calc_temperatures einfÃŒgen
	1218
[4246]	1219	REAL(wp) :: near_facade_temperature !< outside air temperature 10cm away from facade
	1220	REAL(wp) :: second_of_day !< second of the current day
	1221	REAL(wp) :: time_utc_hour !< time of day (hour UTC)
	1222
	1223	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in_l_send !< dummy send buffer used for summing-up indoor temperature per kk-level
	1224	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in_recv !< dummy recv buffer used for summing-up indoor temperature per kk-level
	1225	!
[4646]	1226	!-- Determine time of day in hours.
[4246]	1227	CALL get_date_time( time_since_reference_point, second_of_day=second_of_day )
	1228	time_utc_hour = second_of_day / seconds_per_hour
	1229	!
	1230	!-- Following calculations must be done for each facade element.
	1231	DO nb = 1, num_build
	1232	!
[4646]	1233	!-- First, check whether building is present on local subdomain.
[4246]	1234	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
	1235	!
	1236	!-- Determine daily schedule. 08:00-18:00 = 1, other hours = 0.
[4646]	1237	!-- Residental Building, panel WBS 70
[4246]	1238	IF ( buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads == 1 ) THEN
[4267]	1239	IF ( time_utc_hour >= 8.0_wp .AND. time_utc_hour <= 18.0_wp ) THEN
	1240	schedule_d = 0
	1241	ELSE
[4246]	1242	schedule_d = 1
	1243	ENDIF
	1244	ENDIF
	1245	!
	1246	!-- Office, building with large windows
	1247	IF ( buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads == 2 ) THEN
	1248	IF ( time_utc_hour >= 8.0_wp .AND. time_utc_hour <= 18.0_wp ) THEN
	1249	schedule_d = 1
	1250	ELSE
	1251	schedule_d = 0
	1252	ENDIF
	1253	ENDIF
[4646]	1254	!
[4246]	1255	!-- Industry, hospitals
	1256	IF ( buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads == 3 ) THEN
	1257	IF ( time_utc_hour >= 6.0_wp .AND. time_utc_hour <= 22.0_wp ) THEN
	1258	schedule_d = 1
	1259	ELSE
	1260	schedule_d = 0
	1261	ENDIF
	1262	ENDIF
	1263	!
	1264	!-- Initialize/reset indoor temperature
[4646]	1265	buildings(nb)%t_in_l = 0.0_wp
[4246]	1266	!
	1267	!-- Horizontal surfaces
	1268	DO fa = 1, buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l
	1269	!
[4671]	1270	!-- Determine indices where corresponding surface-type information is stored.
[4681]	1271	l = buildings(nb)%l_h(fa)
	1272	m = buildings(nb)%m_h(fa)
[4246]	1273	!
[4646]	1274	!-- Determine building height level index.
[4671]	1275	kk = surf_usm_h(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%koff
[4402]	1276	!
[4246]	1277	!-- Building geometries --> not time-dependent
[4646]	1278	facade_element_area = dx * dy !< [m2] surface area per facade element
[4402]	1279	floor_area_per_facade = buildings(nb)%fapf !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade area
[4646]	1280	indoor_volume_per_facade = buildings(nb)%vpf(kk) !< [m3/m2] indoor air volume per facade area
	1281	buildings(nb)%area_facade = facade_element_area * &
	1282	( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h + &
	1283	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v ) !< [m2] area of total facade
[4681]	1284	window_area_per_facade = surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) * facade_element_area !< [m2] window area per facade
[4646]	1285	!< element
[4246]	1286
	1287	buildings(nb)%net_floor_area = buildings(nb)%vol_tot / ( buildings(nb)%height_storey )
[4646]	1288	total_area = buildings(nb)%net_floor_area !< [m2] area of all surfaces
	1289	!< pointing to zone Eq. (9) according to section 7.2.2.2
	1290	a_m = buildings(nb)%factor_a * total_area * &
	1291	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) * &
	1292	buildings(nb)%lambda_at !< [m2] standard values
	1293	!< according to Table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (65) according to section 12.3.1.2)
	1294	c_m = buildings(nb)%factor_c * total_area * &
	1295	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) !< [J/K] standard values
	1296	!< according to table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (66) according to section 12.3.1.2)
[4246]	1297	!
	1298	!-- Calculation of heat transfer coefficient for transmission --> not time-dependent
	1299	h_t_es = window_area_per_facade * buildings(nb)%h_es !< [W/K] only for windows
	1300
[4646]	1301	h_t_is = buildings(nb)%area_facade * h_is !< [W/K] with h_is = 3.45 W /
	1302	!< (m2 K) between surface and air, Eq. (9)
	1303	h_t_ms = a_m * h_ms !< [W/K] with h_ms = 9.10 W /
	1304	!< (m2 K) between component and surface, Eq. (64)
	1305	h_t_wall = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / ( ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade ) & !< [W/K]
[4246]	1306	* buildings(nb)%lambda_layer3 / buildings(nb)%s_layer3 * 0.5_wp &
	1307	) + 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] opaque components
[4646]	1308	h_t_wm = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / h_t_wall - 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] emmision Eq. (63),
	1309	!< Section 12.2.2
[4246]	1310	!
[4646]	1311	!-- Internal air loads dependent on the occupacy of the room.
	1312	!-- Basical internal heat gains (qint_low) with additional internal heat gains by occupancy (qint_high) (0,5*phi_int).
	1313	phi_ia = 0.5_wp * ( ( buildings(nb)%qint_high * schedule_d + buildings(nb)%qint_low ) &
	1314	* floor_area_per_facade )
[4246]	1315	q_int = phi_ia / total_area
	1316	!
[4646]	1317	!-- Airflow dependent on the occupacy of the room.
	1318	!-- Basical airflow (air_change_low) with additional airflow gains by occupancy (air_change_high)
	1319	air_change = ( buildings(nb)%air_change_high * schedule_d + buildings(nb)%air_change_low ) !< [1/h]?
[4246]	1320	!
[4646]	1321	!-- Heat transfer of ventilation.
	1322	!-- Not less than 0.01 W/K to avoid division by 0 in further calculations with heat
	1323	!-- capacity of air 0.33 Wh/m2K.
	1324	h_v = MAX( 0.01_wp , ( air_change * indoor_volume_per_facade * &
	1325	0.33_wp * (1.0_wp - buildings(nb)%eta_ve ) ) ) !< [W/K] from ISO 13789 Eq.(10)
[4246]	1326
	1327	!-- Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variables
	1328	h_t_1 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_v ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_is ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.6)
	1329	h_t_2 = h_t_1 + h_t_es !< [W/K] Eq. (C.7)
	1330	h_t_3 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_t_2 ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.8)
	1331	!
	1332	!-- Net short-wave radiation through window area (was i_global)
[4671]	1333	net_sw_in = surf_usm_h(l)%rad_sw_in(m) - surf_usm_h(l)%rad_sw_out(m)
[4246]	1334	!
	1335	!-- Quantities needed for im_calc_temperatures
[4671]	1336	i = surf_usm_h(l)%i(m)
	1337	j = surf_usm_h(l)%j(m)
	1338	k = surf_usm_h(l)%k(m)
	1339	near_facade_temperature = surf_usm_h(l)%pt_10cm(m)
	1340	indoor_wall_window_temperature = &
	1341	surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) * t_wall_h(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
	1342	+ surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) * t_window_h(l)%val(nzt_wall,m)
[4701]	1343	indoor_wall_temperature = surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) * t_wall_h(l)%val(nzt_wall,m)
[4246]	1344	!
[4646]	1345	!-- Solar thermal gains. If net_sw_in larger than sun-protection threshold parameter
	1346	!-- (params_solar_protection), sun protection will be activated.
	1347	IF ( net_sw_in <= params_solar_protection ) THEN
[4246]	1348	solar_protection_off = 1
	1349	solar_protection_on = 0
[4646]	1350	ELSE
[4246]	1351	solar_protection_off = 0
	1352	solar_protection_on = 1
	1353	ENDIF
	1354	!
[4646]	1355	!-- Calculation of total heat gains from net_sw_in through windows [W] in respect on
	1356	!-- automatic sun protection.
[4246]	1357	!-- DIN 4108 - 2 chap.8
[4646]	1358	phi_sol = ( window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * solar_protection_off &
	1359	+ window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * buildings(nb)%f_c_win * &
	1360	solar_protection_on ) &
[4246]	1361	* buildings(nb)%g_value_win * ( 1.0_wp - params_f_f ) * params_f_w
[4646]	1362	q_sol = phi_sol
[4246]	1363	!
[4646]	1364	!-- Calculation of the mass specific thermal load for internal and external heatsources of
	1365	!-- the inner node.
	1366	phi_m = (a_m / total_area) * ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.2) with
	1367	!< phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
[4246]	1368	q_c_m = phi_m
	1369	!
[4646]	1370	!-- Calculation mass specific thermal load implied non thermal mass
	1371	phi_st = ( 1.0_wp - ( a_m / total_area ) - ( h_t_es / ( 9.1_wp * total_area ) ) ) &
	1372	* ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.3) with
	1373	!< phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
	1374	q_c_st = phi_st
[4246]	1375	!
	1376	!-- Calculations for deriving indoor temperature and heat flux into the wall
[4646]	1377	!-- Step 1: indoor temperature without heating and cooling
[4246]	1378	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 3)
	1379	phi_hc_nd = 0.0_wp
[4646]	1380
[4702]	1381	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
[4687]	1382	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) )
[4246]	1383	!
[4646]	1384	!-- If air temperature between border temperatures of heating and cooling, assign output
	1385	!-- variable, then ready.
	1386	IF ( buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set <= theta_air .AND. &
	1387	theta_air <= buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
[4246]	1388	phi_hc_nd_ac = 0.0_wp
[4646]	1389	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
[4246]	1390	theta_air_ac = theta_air
	1391	!
	1392	!-- Step 2: Else, apply 10 W/m2 heating/cooling power and calculate indoor temperature
	1393	!-- again.
	1394	ELSE
	1395	!
	1396	!-- Temperature not correct, calculation method according to section C4.2
[4646]	1397	theta_air_0 = theta_air !< temperature without heating/cooling
[4246]	1398	!
	1399	!-- Heating or cooling?
	1400	IF ( theta_air_0 > buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
	1401	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set
[4646]	1402	ELSE
	1403	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set
[4246]	1404	ENDIF
	1405	!
[4646]	1406	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_10
[4246]	1407	phi_hc_nd_10 = 10.0_wp * floor_area_per_facade
	1408	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_10
[4646]	1409
[4702]	1410	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
[4687]	1411	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) )
[4246]	1412	theta_air_10 = theta_air !< temperature with 10 W/m2 of heating
	1413	!
[4730]	1414	!-- Avoid division by zero at first timestep where the denominator can become zero.
	1415	IF ( ABS( theta_air_10 - theta_air_0 ) < 1E-10_wp ) THEN
	1416	phi_hc_nd_un = phi_hc_nd_10
	1417	ELSE
	1418	phi_hc_nd_un = phi_hc_nd_10 * ( theta_air_set - theta_air_0 ) &
	1419	/ ( theta_air_10 - theta_air_0 ) !< Eq. (C.13)
	1420	ENDIF
	1421	!
[4646]	1422	!-- Step 3: with temperature ratio to determine the heating or cooling capacity.
	1423	!-- If necessary, limit the power to maximum power.
[4246]	1424	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 2) and 4)
[4646]	1425	buildings(nb)%phi_c_max = buildings(nb)%q_c_max * floor_area_per_facade
[4246]	1426	buildings(nb)%phi_h_max = buildings(nb)%q_h_max * floor_area_per_facade
[4646]	1427	IF ( buildings(nb)%phi_c_max < phi_hc_nd_un .AND. &
	1428	phi_hc_nd_un < buildings(nb)%phi_h_max ) THEN
[4246]	1429	phi_hc_nd_ac = phi_hc_nd_un
[4646]	1430	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_un
[4246]	1431	ELSE
	1432	!
[4646]	1433	!-- Step 4: inner temperature with maximum heating (phi_hc_nd_un positive) or cooling
	1434	!-- (phi_hc_nd_un negative)
[4246]	1435	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 1) and 5)
	1436	IF ( phi_hc_nd_un > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1437	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_h_max !< Limit heating
[4646]	1438	ELSE
[4246]	1439	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_c_max !< Limit cooling
	1440	ENDIF
	1441	ENDIF
[4646]	1442	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
[4246]	1443	!
	1444	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_ac (new)
[4702]	1445	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
[4687]	1446	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) )
[4246]	1447	theta_air_ac = theta_air
	1448	ENDIF
	1449	!
	1450	!-- Update theta_m_t_prev
[4687]	1451	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) = theta_m_t
[4646]	1452
[4687]	1453
[4246]	1454	q_vent = h_v * ( theta_air - near_facade_temperature )
	1455	!
[4646]	1456	!-- Calculate the operating temperature with weighted mean temperature of air and mean
	1457	!-- solar temperature.
	1458	!-- Will be used for thermal comfort calculations.
[4246]	1459	theta_op = 0.3_wp * theta_air_ac + 0.7_wp * theta_s !< [degree_C] operative Temperature Eq. (C.12)
[4687]	1460
[4671]	1461	! surf_usm_h(l)%t_indoor(m) = theta_op !< not integrated now
[4246]	1462	!
[4646]	1463	!-- Heat flux into the wall. Value needed in urban_surface_mod to
[4246]	1464	!-- calculate heat transfer through wall layers towards the facade
	1465	!-- (use c_p * rho_surface to convert [W/m2] into [K m/s])
[4704]	1466	IF ( (facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1467	q_wall = h_t_wm * ( indoor_wall_temperature - theta_m ) &
[4646]	1468	/ ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade )
[4704]	1469	ELSE
	1470	q_wall = 0.0_wp
	1471	ENDIF
	1472
	1473	IF ( window_area_per_facade > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1474	q_win = h_t_es * ( pt(k,j,i) - theta_s ) / ( window_area_per_facade )
	1475	ELSE
	1476	q_win = 0.0_wp
	1477	ENDIF
[4246]	1478	!
[4701]	1479	!-- Transfer q_wall & q_win back to USM (innermost wall/window layer)
	1480	surf_usm_h(l)%iwghf_eb(m) = - q_wall
	1481	surf_usm_h(l)%iwghf_eb_window(m) = - q_win
[4246]	1482	!
[4646]	1483	!-- Sum up operational indoor temperature per kk-level. Further below, this temperature is
	1484	!-- reduced by MPI to one temperature per kk-level and building (processor overlapping).
[4246]	1485	buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) = buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) + theta_op
	1486	!
[4646]	1487	!-- Calculation of waste heat.
	1488	!-- Anthropogenic heat output.
	1489	IF ( phi_hc_nd_ac > 0.0_wp ) THEN
[4246]	1490	heating_on = 1
	1491	cooling_on = 0
[4646]	1492	ELSE
[4246]	1493	heating_on = 0
	1494	cooling_on = -1
	1495	ENDIF
	1496
[4646]	1497	q_waste_heat = ( phi_hc_nd * ( &
	1498	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_h * heating_on + &
	1499	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_c * cooling_on ) &
	1500	) / facade_element_area !< [W/m2] , observe the directional
	1501	!< convention in PALM!
[4709]	1502	surf_usm_h(l)%waste_heat(m) = q_waste_heat
[4246]	1503	ENDDO !< Horizontal surfaces loop
	1504	!
	1505	!-- Vertical surfaces
	1506	DO fa = 1, buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l
	1507	!
[4646]	1508	!-- Determine indices where corresponding surface-type information is stored.
[4246]	1509	l = buildings(nb)%l_v(fa)
	1510	m = buildings(nb)%m_v(fa)
	1511	!
[4646]	1512	!-- Determine building height level index.
[4246]	1513	kk = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%koff
	1514	!
[4646]	1515	!-- (SOME OF THE FOLLOWING (not time-dependent) COULD PROBABLY GO INTO A FUNCTION
[4246]	1516	!-- EXCEPT facade_element_area, EVERYTHING IS CALCULATED EQUALLY)
	1517	!-- Building geometries --> not time-dependent
[4402]	1518	IF ( l == 0 .OR. l == 1 ) facade_element_area = dx * dzw(kk+1) !< [m2] surface area per facade element
	1519	IF ( l == 2 .OR. l == 3 ) facade_element_area = dy * dzw(kk+1) !< [m2] surface area per facade element
	1520
	1521	floor_area_per_facade = buildings(nb)%fapf !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade area
[4646]	1522	indoor_volume_per_facade = buildings(nb)%vpf(kk) !< [m3/m2] indoor air volume per facade area
	1523	buildings(nb)%area_facade = facade_element_area * &
	1524	( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h + &
	1525	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v ) !< [m2] area of total facade
	1526	window_area_per_facade = surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) * facade_element_area !< [m2] window area per
	1527	!< facade element
[4246]	1528
	1529	buildings(nb)%net_floor_area = buildings(nb)%vol_tot / ( buildings(nb)%height_storey )
[4646]	1530	total_area = buildings(nb)%net_floor_area !< [m2] area of all surfaces
	1531	!< pointing to zone Eq. (9) according to section 7.2.2.2
	1532	a_m = buildings(nb)%factor_a * total_area * &
	1533	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) * &
	1534	buildings(nb)%lambda_at !< [m2] standard values
	1535	!< according to Table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (65) according to section 12.3.1.2)
[4246]	1536	c_m = buildings(nb)%factor_c * total_area * &
[4646]	1537	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) !< [J/K] standard values
	1538	!< according to table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (66) according to section 12.3.1.2)
[4246]	1539	!
	1540	!-- Calculation of heat transfer coefficient for transmission --> not time-dependent
	1541	h_t_es = window_area_per_facade * buildings(nb)%h_es !< [W/K] only for windows
	1542
[4646]	1543	h_t_is = buildings(nb)%area_facade * h_is !< [W/K] with h_is = 3.45 W /
	1544	!< (m2 K) between surface and air, Eq. (9)
	1545	h_t_ms = a_m * h_ms !< [W/K] with h_ms = 9.10 W /
	1546	!< (m2 K) between component and surface, Eq. (64)
	1547	h_t_wall = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / ( ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade ) & !< [W/K]
[4246]	1548	* buildings(nb)%lambda_layer3 / buildings(nb)%s_layer3 * 0.5_wp &
	1549	) + 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] opaque components
	1550	h_t_wm = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / h_t_wall - 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] emmision Eq. (63), Section 12.2.2
	1551	!
[4646]	1552	!-- Internal air loads dependent on the occupacy of the room.
	1553	!-- Basical internal heat gains (qint_low) with additional internal heat gains by occupancy
	1554	!-- (qint_high) (0,5*phi_int)
	1555	phi_ia = 0.5_wp * ( ( buildings(nb)%qint_high * schedule_d + buildings(nb)%qint_low ) &
	1556	* floor_area_per_facade )
[4246]	1557	q_int = phi_ia
	1558
	1559	!
[4646]	1560	!-- Airflow dependent on the occupacy of the room.
	1561	!-- Basical airflow (air_change_low) with additional airflow gains by occupancy
	1562	!-- (air_change_high)
	1563	air_change = ( buildings(nb)%air_change_high * schedule_d + &
	1564	buildings(nb)%air_change_low )
[4246]	1565	!
[4646]	1566	!-- Heat transfer of ventilation.
	1567	!-- Not less than 0.01 W/K to avoid division by 0 in further calculations with heat
	1568	!-- capacity of air 0.33 Wh/m2K
	1569	h_v = MAX( 0.01_wp , ( air_change * indoor_volume_per_facade * &
	1570	0.33_wp * (1.0_wp - buildings(nb)%eta_ve ) ) ) !< [W/K] from ISO 13789
	1571	!< Eq.(10)
	1572
[4246]	1573	!-- Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variables
	1574	h_t_1 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_v ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_is ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.6)
	1575	h_t_2 = h_t_1 + h_t_es !< [W/K] Eq. (C.7)
	1576	h_t_3 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_t_2 ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.8)
	1577	!
	1578	!-- Net short-wave radiation through window area (was i_global)
	1579	net_sw_in = surf_usm_v(l)%rad_sw_in(m) - surf_usm_v(l)%rad_sw_out(m)
	1580	!
	1581	!-- Quantities needed for im_calc_temperatures
	1582	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m)
[4646]	1583	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m)
[4246]	1584	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m)
	1585	near_facade_temperature = surf_usm_v(l)%pt_10cm(m)
[4687]	1586	indoor_wall_window_temperature = &
	1587	surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) * t_wall_v(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
[4671]	1588	+ surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) * t_window_v(l)%val(nzt_wall,m)
[4701]	1589	indoor_wall_temperature = surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) * t_wall_v(l)%val(nzt_wall,m)
[4687]	1590
[4246]	1591	!
[4646]	1592	!-- Solar thermal gains. If net_sw_in larger than sun-protection
	1593	!-- threshold parameter (params_solar_protection), sun protection will
[4246]	1594	!-- be activated
[4646]	1595	IF ( net_sw_in <= params_solar_protection ) THEN
[4246]	1596	solar_protection_off = 1
[4646]	1597	solar_protection_on = 0
	1598	ELSE
[4246]	1599	solar_protection_off = 0
[4646]	1600	solar_protection_on = 1
[4246]	1601	ENDIF
	1602	!
[4646]	1603	!-- Calculation of total heat gains from net_sw_in through windows [W] in respect on
	1604	!-- automatic sun protection.
[4246]	1605	!-- DIN 4108 - 2 chap.8
[4646]	1606	phi_sol = ( window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * solar_protection_off &
	1607	+ window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * buildings(nb)%f_c_win * &
	1608	solar_protection_on ) &
[4246]	1609	* buildings(nb)%g_value_win * ( 1.0_wp - params_f_f ) * params_f_w
	1610	q_sol = phi_sol
	1611	!
[4646]	1612	!-- Calculation of the mass specific thermal load for internal and external heatsources.
[4246]	1613	phi_m = (a_m / total_area) * ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.2) with phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
	1614	q_c_m = phi_m
	1615	!
[4646]	1616	!-- Calculation mass specific thermal load implied non thermal mass.
	1617	phi_st = ( 1.0_wp - ( a_m / total_area ) - ( h_t_es / ( 9.1_wp * total_area ) ) ) &
	1618	* ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.3) with
	1619	!< phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
	1620	q_c_st = phi_st
[4246]	1621	!
[4646]	1622	!-- Calculations for deriving indoor temperature and heat flux into the wall.
	1623	!-- Step 1: indoor temperature without heating and cooling.
[4246]	1624	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 3)
	1625	phi_hc_nd = 0.0_wp
[4702]	1626	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
[4687]	1627	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) )
[4246]	1628	!
[4646]	1629	!-- If air temperature between border temperatures of heating and cooling, assign output
	1630	!-- variable, then ready.
	1631	IF ( buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set <= theta_air .AND. &
	1632	theta_air <= buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
[4246]	1633	phi_hc_nd_ac = 0.0_wp
	1634	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
	1635	theta_air_ac = theta_air
	1636	!
	1637	!-- Step 2: Else, apply 10 W/m2 heating/cooling power and calculate indoor temperature
	1638	!-- again.
	1639	ELSE
	1640	!
	1641	!-- Temperature not correct, calculation method according to section C4.2
	1642	theta_air_0 = theta_air !< Note temperature without heating/cooling
	1643	!
	1644	!-- Heating or cooling?
	1645	IF ( theta_air_0 > buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
	1646	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set
[4646]	1647	ELSE
	1648	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set
[4246]	1649	ENDIF
	1650
	1651	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_10
	1652	phi_hc_nd_10 = 10.0_wp * floor_area_per_facade
	1653	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_10
	1654
[4702]	1655	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
[4687]	1656	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) )
[4646]	1657
[4246]	1658	theta_air_10 = theta_air !< Note the temperature with 10 W/m2 of heating
	1659	!
[4730]	1660	!-- Avoid division by zero at first timestep where the denominator can become zero.
	1661	IF ( ABS( theta_air_10 - theta_air_0 ) < 1E-10_wp ) THEN
	1662	phi_hc_nd_un = phi_hc_nd_10
	1663	ELSE
	1664	phi_hc_nd_un = phi_hc_nd_10 * ( theta_air_set - theta_air_0 ) &
	1665	/ ( theta_air_10 - theta_air_0 ) !< Eq. (C.13)
	1666	ENDIF
	1667	!
[4646]	1668	!-- Step 3: with temperature ratio to determine the heating or cooling capacity
	1669	!-- If necessary, limit the power to maximum power.
[4246]	1670	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 2) and 4)
	1671	buildings(nb)%phi_c_max = buildings(nb)%q_c_max * floor_area_per_facade
	1672	buildings(nb)%phi_h_max = buildings(nb)%q_h_max * floor_area_per_facade
[4646]	1673	IF ( buildings(nb)%phi_c_max < phi_hc_nd_un .AND. &
	1674	phi_hc_nd_un < buildings(nb)%phi_h_max ) THEN
[4246]	1675	phi_hc_nd_ac = phi_hc_nd_un
	1676	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_un
	1677	ELSE
	1678	!
[4646]	1679	!-- Step 4: inner temperature with maximum heating (phi_hc_nd_un positive) or cooling
	1680	!-- (phi_hc_nd_un negative)
[4246]	1681	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 1) and 5)
	1682	IF ( phi_hc_nd_un > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1683	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_h_max !< Limit heating
[4646]	1684	ELSE
[4246]	1685	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_c_max !< Limit cooling
	1686	ENDIF
	1687	ENDIF
[4646]	1688	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
[4246]	1689	!
	1690	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_ac (new)
[4702]	1691	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
[4687]	1692	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) )
[4246]	1693	theta_air_ac = theta_air
	1694	ENDIF
	1695	!
	1696	!-- Update theta_m_t_prev
[4687]	1697	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) = theta_m_t
[4646]	1698
[4687]	1699
[4246]	1700	q_vent = h_v * ( theta_air - near_facade_temperature )
	1701	!
[4646]	1702	!-- Calculate the operating temperature with weighted mean of temperature of air and mean.
	1703	!-- Will be used for thermal comfort calculations.
[4246]	1704	theta_op = 0.3_wp * theta_air_ac + 0.7_wp * theta_s
[4687]	1705
[4246]	1706	! surf_usm_v(l)%t_indoor(m) = theta_op !< not integrated yet
	1707	!
[4646]	1708	!-- Heat flux into the wall. Value needed in urban_surface_mod to
[4246]	1709	!-- calculate heat transfer through wall layers towards the facade
[4709]	1710	IF ( (facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1711	q_wall = h_t_wm * ( indoor_wall_temperature - theta_m ) &
[4646]	1712	/ ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade )
[4709]	1713	ELSE
	1714	q_wall = 0.0_wp
	1715	ENDIF
	1716
	1717	IF ( window_area_per_facade > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1718	q_win = h_t_es * ( pt(k,j,i) - theta_s ) / ( window_area_per_facade )
	1719	ELSE
	1720	q_win = 0.0_wp
	1721	ENDIF
	1722
[4246]	1723	!
[4701]	1724	!-- Transfer q_wall & q_win back to USM (innermost wall/window layer)
	1725	surf_usm_v(l)%iwghf_eb(m) = - q_wall
	1726	surf_usm_v(l)%iwghf_eb_window(m) = - q_win
[4246]	1727	!
[4646]	1728	!-- Sum up operational indoor temperature per kk-level. Further below, this temperature is
	1729	!-- reduced by MPI to one temperature per kk-level and building (processor overlapping).
[4246]	1730	buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) = buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) + theta_op
	1731	!
[4646]	1732	!-- Calculation of waste heat.
	1733	!-- Anthropogenic heat output.
	1734	IF ( phi_hc_nd_ac > 0.0_wp ) THEN
[4246]	1735	heating_on = 1
	1736	cooling_on = 0
[4646]	1737	ELSE
[4246]	1738	heating_on = 0
	1739	cooling_on = -1
	1740	ENDIF
	1741
[4646]	1742	q_waste_heat = ( phi_hc_nd * ( buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_h * heating_on + &
	1743	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_c * cooling_on ) &
	1744	) / facade_element_area !< [W/m2] , observe the directional convention in
	1745	!< PALM!
[4709]	1746	surf_usm_v(l)%waste_heat(m) = q_waste_heat
[4246]	1747	ENDDO !< Vertical surfaces loop
	1748	ENDIF !< buildings(nb)%on_pe
	1749	ENDDO !< buildings loop
	1750
	1751	!
[4646]	1752	!-- Determine the mean building temperature.
[4246]	1753	DO nb = 1, num_build
	1754	!
[4646]	1755	!-- Allocate dummy array used for summing-up facade elements.
	1756	!-- Please note, dummy arguments are necessary as building-date type arrays are not necessarily
	1757	!-- allocated on all PEs.
[4246]	1758	ALLOCATE( t_in_l_send(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	1759	ALLOCATE( t_in_recv(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
	1760	t_in_l_send = 0.0_wp
	1761	t_in_recv = 0.0_wp
	1762
	1763	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
	1764	t_in_l_send = buildings(nb)%t_in_l
	1765	ENDIF
	1766
	1767
[4646]	1768	#if defined( __parallel )
	1769	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( t_in_l_send, &
	1770	t_in_recv, &
	1771	buildings(nb)%kb_max - buildings(nb)%kb_min + 1, &
	1772	MPI_REAL, &
	1773	MPI_SUM, &
	1774	comm2d, &
[4246]	1775	ierr )
	1776
[4646]	1777	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%t_in ) ) buildings(nb)%t_in = t_in_recv
[4246]	1778	#else
[4646]	1779	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%t_in ) ) buildings(nb)%t_in = buildings(nb)%t_in_l
[4246]	1780	#endif
	1781
	1782	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%t_in ) ) THEN
	1783	!
[4646]	1784	!-- Average indoor temperature. Note, in case a building is completely surrounded by higher
	1785	!-- buildings, it may have no facade elements at some height levels, which will lead to a
	1786	!-- division by zero.
[4246]	1787	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
[4646]	1788	IF ( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) > 0 ) THEN
	1789	buildings(nb)%t_in(k) = buildings(nb)%t_in(k) / &
	1790	REAL( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + &
	1791	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k), KIND = wp )
[4246]	1792	ENDIF
	1793	ENDDO
[4299]	1794	!
[4646]	1795	!-- If indoor temperature is not defined because of missing facade elements, the values from
	1796	!-- the above-lying level will be taken.
	1797	!-- At least at the top of the buildings facades are defined, so that at least there an indoor
	1798	!-- temperature is defined. This information will propagate downwards the building.
[4299]	1799	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_max-1, buildings(nb)%kb_min, -1
[4646]	1800	IF ( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) <= 0 ) THEN
[4299]	1801	buildings(nb)%t_in(k) = buildings(nb)%t_in(k+1)
	1802	ENDIF
	1803	ENDDO
[4246]	1804	ENDIF
	1805
[4646]	1806
[4246]	1807	!
	1808	!-- Deallocate dummy arrays
	1809	DEALLOCATE( t_in_l_send )
	1810	DEALLOCATE( t_in_recv )
	1811
	1812	ENDDO
[4646]	1813
[4246]	1814	END SUBROUTINE im_main_heatcool
	1815
[4646]	1816
	1817	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	1818	! Description:
	1819	!-------------
	1820	!> Check data output for plant canopy model
[4646]	1821	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	1822	SUBROUTINE im_check_data_output( var, unit )
[4402]	1823
[4246]	1824	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: unit !<
	1825	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: var !<
[4646]	1826
[4246]	1827	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
[4646]	1828
	1829
[4246]	1830	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof')
	1831	unit = 'W m-2'
[4646]	1832
[4246]	1833	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win' )
	1834	unit = 'W m-2'
[4646]	1835
[4246]	1836	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win_waste' )
	1837	unit = 'W m-2'
[4646]	1838
[4246]	1839	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof_waste' )
	1840	unit = 'W m-2'
[4646]	1841
[4246]	1842	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_mean' )
	1843	unit = 'K'
[4646]	1844
[4246]	1845	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_roof' )
	1846	unit = 'K'
[4646]	1847
[4246]	1848	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_wall_win' )
	1849	unit = 'K'
[4701]	1850
	1851	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_wall' )
	1852	unit = 'K'
[4646]	1853
[4246]	1854	CASE DEFAULT
	1855	unit = 'illegal'
[4646]	1856
[4246]	1857	END SELECT
[4646]	1858
[4246]	1859	END SUBROUTINE
	1860
	1861
[4646]	1862	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	1863	! Description:
	1864	!-------------
	1865	!> Check parameters routine for plant canopy model
[4646]	1866	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	1867	SUBROUTINE im_check_parameters
	1868
	1869	! USE control_parameters,
	1870	! ONLY: message_string
[4646]	1871
[4246]	1872	END SUBROUTINE im_check_parameters
	1873
[4646]	1874
	1875	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	1876	! Description:
	1877	!-------------
	1878	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
	1879	!> It is called from subroutine netcdf.
[4646]	1880	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	1881	SUBROUTINE im_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
	1882
[4646]	1883	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x
	1884	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y
	1885	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z
	1886	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var
	1887
	1888	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
	1889
	1890
	1891	found = .TRUE.
[4246]	1892	!
	1893	!-- Check for the grid
	1894	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
	1895
	1896	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof', 'im_hf_roof_waste' )
	1897	grid_x = 'x'
	1898	grid_y = 'y'
	1899	grid_z = 'zw'
	1900	!
	1901	!-- Heat fluxes at vertical walls are actually defined on stagged grid, i.e. xu, yv.
	1902	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win', 'im_hf_wall_win_waste' )
	1903	grid_x = 'x'
	1904	grid_y = 'y'
	1905	grid_z = 'zu'
	1906
[4701]	1907	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_mean', 'im_t_indoor_roof', 'im_t_indoor_wall_win', 'indoor_wall' )
[4246]	1908	grid_x = 'x'
	1909	grid_y = 'y'
	1910	grid_z = 'zw'
[4646]	1911
[4246]	1912	CASE DEFAULT
	1913	found = .FALSE.
	1914	grid_x = 'none'
	1915	grid_y = 'none'
	1916	grid_z = 'none'
	1917	END SELECT
[4646]	1918
[4246]	1919	END SUBROUTINE im_define_netcdf_grid
	1920
[4646]	1921
	1922	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	1923	! Description:
	1924	! ------------
	1925	!> Subroutine defining 3D output variables
[4646]	1926	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1927	SUBROUTINE im_data_output_3d( av, variable, found, local_pf, fill_value, nzb_do, nzt_do )
[4246]	1928
[4402]	1929	USE indices
	1930
	1931	USE kinds
	1932
[4646]	1933	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !<
[4246]	1934
[4646]	1935	INTEGER(iwp) :: av !<
	1936	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
	1937	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
	1938	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
[4246]	1939	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !<
[4646]	1940	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !<
	1941	INTEGER(iwp) :: nb !< index of the building in the building data structure
[4246]	1942	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_do !< lower limit of the data output (usually 0)
	1943	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_do !< vertical upper limit of the data output (usually nz_do3d)
	1944
[4646]	1945	LOGICAL :: found !<
	1946
[4246]	1947	REAL(wp), INTENT(IN) :: fill_value !< value for the _FillValue attribute
	1948
[4646]	1949	REAL(sp), DIMENSION(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn,nzb_do:nzt_do) :: local_pf !<
	1950
[4246]	1951	local_pf = fill_value
[4646]	1952
[4246]	1953	found = .TRUE.
[4646]	1954
[4246]	1955	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
	1956	!
[4646]	1957	!-- Output of indoor temperature. All grid points within the building are filled with values,
	1958	!-- while atmospheric grid points are set to _FillValues.
[4246]	1959	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_mean' )
	1960	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
	1961	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1962	DO j = nys, nyn
	1963	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
	1964	!
[4646]	1965	!-- Determine index of the building within the building data structure.
	1966	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
[4246]	1967	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
	1968	!
[4646]	1969	!-- Write mean building temperature onto output array. Please note, in
	1970	!-- contrast to many other loops in the output, the vertical bounds are
	1971	!-- determined by the lowest and hightest vertical index occupied by the
	1972	!-- building.
[4246]	1973	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
	1974	local_pf(i,j,k) = buildings(nb)%t_in(k)
	1975	ENDDO
	1976	ENDIF
	1977	ENDIF
	1978	ENDDO
	1979	ENDDO
[4646]	1980	ENDIF
[4246]	1981
	1982	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof' )
[4646]	1983	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
[4671]	1984	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(0)%ns
	1985	i = surf_usm_h(0)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_h%ioff
	1986	j = surf_usm_h(0)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_h%joff
	1987	k = surf_usm_h(0)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_h%koff
	1988	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_h(0)%iwghf_eb(m)
[4246]	1989	ENDDO
[4646]	1990	ENDIF
[4246]	1991
	1992	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof_waste' )
[4646]	1993	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
[4671]	1994	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(0)%ns
	1995	i = surf_usm_h(0)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_h%ioff
	1996	j = surf_usm_h(0)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_h%joff
	1997	k = surf_usm_h(0)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_h%koff
	1998	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_h(0)%waste_heat(m)
[4246]	1999	ENDDO
	2000	ENDIF
	2001
	2002	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win' )
[4646]	2003	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
[4246]	2004	DO l = 0, 3
	2005	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
	2006	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
	2007	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%joff
	2008	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%koff
	2009	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_v(l)%iwghf_eb(m)
	2010	ENDDO
	2011	ENDDO
	2012	ENDIF
	2013
	2014	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win_waste' )
[4646]	2015	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
[4246]	2016	DO l = 0, 3
[4646]	2017	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
[4246]	2018	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
	2019	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%joff
	2020	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%koff
[4646]	2021	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_v(l)%waste_heat(m)
[4246]	2022	ENDDO
	2023	ENDDO
	2024	ENDIF
	2025
	2026	!
	2027	!< NOTE im_t_indoor_roof and im_t_indoor_wall_win not work yet
	2028
	2029	! CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_roof' )
[4646]	2030	! IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
[4246]	2031	! DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
	2032	! i = surf_usm_h%i(m) !+ surf_usm_h%ioff
	2033	! j = surf_usm_h%j(m) !+ surf_usm_h%joff
	2034	! k = surf_usm_h%k(m) !+ surf_usm_h%koff
	2035	! local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_h%t_indoor(m)
	2036	! ENDDO
	2037	! ENDIF
[4646]	2038	!
[4246]	2039	! CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_wall_win' )
[4646]	2040	! IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
[4246]	2041	! DO l = 0, 3
	2042	! DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
	2043	! i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
	2044	! j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%joff
	2045	! k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%koff
	2046	! local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_v(l)%t_indoor(m)
	2047	! ENDDO
	2048	! ENDDO
	2049	! ENDIF
	2050
	2051	CASE DEFAULT
	2052	found = .FALSE.
	2053
[4646]	2054	END SELECT
	2055
	2056	END SUBROUTINE im_data_output_3d
	2057
	2058
	2059	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	2060	! Description:
	2061	! ------------
	2062	!> Parin for &indoor_parameters for indoor model
[4646]	2063	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4246]	2064	SUBROUTINE im_parin
[4646]	2065
	2066	USE control_parameters, &
[4246]	2067	ONLY: indoor_model
	2068
[4402]	2069
[4246]	2070	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< string containing current line of file PARIN
	2071
[4310]	2072	NAMELIST /indoor_parameters/ initial_indoor_temperature
[4246]	2073
[4646]	2074
[4246]	2075	!
	2076	!-- Try to find indoor model package
	2077	REWIND ( 11 )
	2078	line = ' '
[4646]	2079	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&indoor_parameters' ) == 0 )
[4246]	2080	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
	2081	ENDDO
	2082	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	2083
	2084	!
	2085	!-- Read user-defined namelist
	2086	READ ( 11, indoor_parameters )
	2087	!
	2088	!-- Set flag that indicates that the indoor model is switched on
	2089	indoor_model = .TRUE.
	2090
	2091	!
	2092	!-- Activate spinup (maybe later
	2093	! IF ( spinup_time > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	2094	! coupling_start_time = spinup_time
	2095	! end_time = end_time + spinup_time
	2096	! IF ( spinup_pt_mean == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
	2097	! spinup_pt_mean = pt_surface
	2098	! ENDIF
	2099	! spinup = .TRUE.
	2100	! ENDIF
	2101
	2102	10 CONTINUE
[4646]	2103
[4246]	2104	END SUBROUTINE im_parin
	2105
	2106
	2107	END MODULE indoor_model_mod

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