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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/boundary_conds.f90 @ 3182

Last change on this file since 3182 was 3182, checked in by suehring, 6 years ago
New Inifor features: grid stretching, improved command-interface, support start dates in different formats in both YYYYMMDD and YYYYMMDDHH, Ability to manually control input file prefixes (--radiation-prefix, --soil-preifx, --flow-prefix, --soilmoisture-prefix) for compatiblity with DWD forcast naming scheme; GNU-style short and long option; Prepared output of large-scale forcing profiles (no computation yet); Added preprocessor flag netcdf4 to switch output format between netCDF 3 and 4; Updated netCDF variable names and attributes to comply with PIDS v1.9; Inifor bugfixes: Improved compatibility with older Intel Intel compilers by avoiding implicit array allocation; Added origin_lon/_lat values and correct reference time in dynamic driver global attributes; corresponding PALM changes: adjustments to revised Inifor; variables names in dynamic driver adjusted; enable geostrophic forcing also in offline nested mode; variable names in LES-LES and COSMO offline nesting changed; lateral boundary flags for nesting, in- and outflow conditions renamed
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 46.2 KB

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1	!> @file boundary_conds.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 1997-2018 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	! Rename some variables concerning LES-LES as well as offline nesting
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: boundary_conds.f90 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring $
27	! - Use wall function for e_p and diss_p in case of rans_tke_e
28	! - move limitation of diss_p from tcm_prognostic
29	!
30	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
31	! Set boundary condition for TKE and TKE dissipation rate in case of nesting
32	! and if parent model operates in RANS mode but child model in LES mode.
33	! mode
34	!
35	! 2793 2018-02-07 10:54:33Z suehring
36	! Removed preprocessor directive __chem
37	!
38	! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga
39	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
40	!
41	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
42	! Change in file header (GPL part)
43	! Adjust boundary conditions for e and diss in case of TKE-e closure (TG)
44	! Implementation of chemistry module (FK)
45	!
46	! 2569 2017-10-20 11:54:42Z kanani
47	! Removed redundant code for ibc_s_b=1 and ibc_q_b=1
48	!
49	! 2365 2017-08-21 14:59:59Z kanani
50	! Vertical grid nesting implemented: exclude setting vertical velocity to zero
51	! on fine grid (SadiqHuq)
52	!
53	! 2320 2017-07-21 12:47:43Z suehring
54	! Remove unused control parameter large_scale_forcing from only-list
55	!
56	! 2292 2017-06-20 09:51:42Z schwenkel
57	! Implementation of new microphysic scheme: cloud_scheme = 'morrison'
58	! includes two more prognostic equations for cloud drop concentration (nc)
59	! and cloud water content (qc).
60	!
61	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
62	!
63	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
64	! Set boundary conditions on topography top using flag method.
65	!
66	! 2118 2017-01-17 16:38:49Z raasch
67	! OpenACC directives removed
68	!
69	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
70	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
71	!
72	! 1992 2016-08-12 15:14:59Z suehring
73	! Adjustments for top boundary condition for passive scalar
74	!
75	! 1960 2016-07-12 16:34:24Z suehring
76	! Treat humidity and passive scalar separately
77	!
78	! 1823 2016-04-07 08:57:52Z hoffmann
79	! Initial version of purely vertical nesting introduced.
80	!
81	! 1822 2016-04-07 07:49:42Z hoffmann
82	! icloud_scheme removed. microphyisics_seifert added.
83	!
84	! 1764 2016-02-28 12:45:19Z raasch
85	! index bug for u_p at left outflow removed
86	!
87	! 1762 2016-02-25 12:31:13Z hellstea
88	! Introduction of nested domain feature
89	!
90	! 1742 2016-01-13 09:50:06Z raasch
91	! bugfix for outflow Neumann boundary conditions at bottom and top
92	!
93	! 1717 2015-11-11 15:09:47Z raasch
94	! Bugfix: index error in outflow conditions for left boundary
95	!
96	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
97	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
98	!
99	! 1410 2014-05-23 12:16:18Z suehring
100	! Bugfix: set dirichlet boundary condition for passive_scalar at model domain
101	! top
102	!
103	! 1399 2014-05-07 11:16:25Z heinze
104	! Bugfix: set inflow boundary conditions also if no humidity or passive_scalar
105	! is used.
106	!
107	! 1398 2014-05-07 11:15:00Z heinze
108	! Dirichlet-condition at the top for u and v changed to u_init and v_init also
109	! for large_scale_forcing
110	!
111	! 1380 2014-04-28 12:40:45Z heinze
112	! Adjust Dirichlet-condition at the top for pt in case of nudging
113	!
114	! 1361 2014-04-16 15:17:48Z hoffmann
115	! Bottom and top boundary conditions of rain water content (qr) and
116	! rain drop concentration (nr) changed to Dirichlet
117	!
118	! 1353 2014-04-08 15:21:23Z heinze
119	! REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute
120	!
121	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
122	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
123	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
124	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
125	! revision history before 2012 removed,
126	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
127	! all variable declaration statements
128	!
129	! 1257 2013-11-08 15:18:40Z raasch
130	! loop independent clauses added
131	!
132	! 1241 2013-10-30 11:36:58Z heinze
133	! Adjust ug and vg at each timestep in case of large_scale_forcing
134	!
135	! 1159 2013-05-21 11:58:22Z fricke
136	! Bugfix: Neumann boundary conditions for the velocity components at the
137	! outflow are in fact radiation boundary conditions using the maximum phase
138	! velocity that ensures numerical stability (CFL-condition).
139	! Hence, logical operator use_cmax is now used instead of bc_lr_dirneu/_neudir.
140	! Bugfix: In case of use_cmax at the outflow, u, v, w are replaced by
141	! u_p, v_p, w_p
142	!
143	! 1115 2013-03-26 18:16:16Z hoffmann
144	! boundary conditions of two-moment cloud scheme are restricted to Neumann-
145	! boundary-conditions
146	!
147	! 1113 2013-03-10 02:48:14Z raasch
148	! GPU-porting
149	! dummy argument "range" removed
150	! Bugfix: wrong index in loops of radiation boundary condition
151	!
152	! 1053 2012-11-13 17:11:03Z hoffmann
153	! boundary conditions for the two new prognostic equations (nr, qr) of the
154	! two-moment cloud scheme
155	!
156	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
157	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
158	!
159	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
160	! little reformatting
161	!
162	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
163	! Neumann boudnary conditions are added at the inflow boundary for the SGS-TKE.
164	! Outflow boundary conditions for the velocity components can be set to Neumann
165	! conditions or to radiation conditions with a horizontal averaged phase
166	! velocity.
167	!
168	! 875 2012-04-02 15:35:15Z gryschka
169	! Bugfix in case of dirichlet inflow bc at the right or north boundary
170	!
171	! Revision 1.1 1997/09/12 06:21:34 raasch
172	! Initial revision
173	!
174	!
175	! Description:
176	! ------------
177	!> Boundary conditions for the prognostic quantities.
178	!> One additional bottom boundary condition is applied for the TKE (=(u)*2)
179	!> in prandtl_fluxes. The cyclic lateral boundary conditions are implicitly
180	!> handled in routine exchange_horiz. Pressure boundary conditions are
181	!> explicitly set in routines pres, poisfft, poismg and sor.
182	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
183	SUBROUTINE boundary_conds
184
185
186	USE arrays_3d, &
187	ONLY: c_u, c_u_m, c_u_m_l, c_v, c_v_m, c_v_m_l, c_w, c_w_m, c_w_m_l, &
188	diss, diss_p, dzu, e_p, nc_p, nr_p, pt, pt_p, q, q_p, qc_p, &
189	qr_p, s, &
190	s_p, sa, sa_p, u, ug, u_init, u_m_l, u_m_n, u_m_r, u_m_s, u_p, &
191	v, vg, v_init, v_m_l, v_m_n, v_m_r, v_m_s, v_p, &
192	w, w_p, w_m_l, w_m_n, w_m_r, w_m_s, pt_init, ddzu
193
194	USE chemistry_model_mod, &
195	ONLY: chem_boundary_conds
196
197	USE control_parameters, &
198	ONLY: air_chemistry, bc_dirichlet_l, bc_dirichlet_n, bc_dirichlet_r, &
199	bc_dirichlet_s, bc_radiation_l, bc_radiation_n, bc_radiation_r, &
200	bc_radiation_s, bc_pt_t_val, bc_q_t_val, bc_s_t_val, &
201	child_domain, constant_diffusion, cloud_physics, coupling_mode, &
202	dt_3d, humidity, ibc_pt_b, ibc_pt_t, ibc_q_b, ibc_q_t, ibc_s_b, &
203	ibc_s_t,ibc_sa_t, ibc_uv_b, ibc_uv_t, &
204	intermediate_timestep_count, kappa, &
205	microphysics_morrison, microphysics_seifert, &
206	nesting_offline, nudging, &
207	ocean, passive_scalar, rans_mode, rans_tke_e, tsc, use_cmax
208
209	USE grid_variables, &
210	ONLY: ddx, ddy, dx, dy
211
212	USE indices, &
213	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, &
214	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_0
215
216	USE kinds
217
218	USE pegrid
219
220	USE pmc_interface, &
221	ONLY : nesting_mode, rans_mode_parent
222
223	USE surface_mod, &
224	ONLY : bc_h, surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, &
225	surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
226
227	USE turbulence_closure_mod, &
228	ONLY: c_0
229
230	IMPLICIT NONE
231
232	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index x direction
233	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< grid index y direction
234	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< grid index z direction
235	INTEGER(iwp) :: kb !< variable to set respective boundary value, depends on facing.
236	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index boundary type, for up- and downward-facing walls
237	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index surface elements
238
239	REAL(wp) :: c_max !<
240	REAL(wp) :: denom !<
241
242
243	!
244	!-- Bottom boundary
245	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 1 ) THEN
246	u_p(nzb,:,:) = u_p(nzb+1,:,:)
247	v_p(nzb,:,:) = v_p(nzb+1,:,:)
248	ENDIF
249	!
250	!-- Set zero vertical velocity at topography top (l=0), or bottom (l=1) in case
251	!-- of downward-facing surfaces.
252	DO l = 0, 1
253	!
254	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
255	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
256	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
257	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
258	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
259	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
260	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
261	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
262	w_p(k+kb,j,i) = 0.0_wp
263	ENDDO
264	ENDDO
265
266	!
267	!-- Top boundary. A nested domain ( ibc_uv_t = 3 ) does not require settings.
268	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
269	u_p(nzt+1,:,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
270	v_p(nzt+1,:,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
271	ELSEIF ( ibc_uv_t == 1 ) THEN
272	u_p(nzt+1,:,:) = u_p(nzt,:,:)
273	v_p(nzt+1,:,:) = v_p(nzt,:,:)
274	ENDIF
275
276	!
277	!-- Vertical nesting: Vertical velocity not zero at the top of the fine grid
278	IF ( .NOT. child_domain .AND. &
279	TRIM(coupling_mode) /= 'vnested_fine' ) THEN
280	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp !< nzt is not a prognostic level (but cf. pres)
281	ENDIF
282
283	!
284	!-- Temperature at bottom and top boundary.
285	!-- In case of coupled runs (ibc_pt_b = 2) the temperature is given by
286	!-- the sea surface temperature of the coupled ocean model.
287	!-- Dirichlet
288	IF ( ibc_pt_b == 0 ) THEN
289	DO l = 0, 1
290	!
291	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
292	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
293	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
294	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
295	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
296	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
297	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
298	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
299	pt_p(k+kb,j,i) = pt(k+kb,j,i)
300	ENDDO
301	ENDDO
302	!
303	!-- Neumann, zero-gradient
304	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_b == 1 ) THEN
305	DO l = 0, 1
306	!
307	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
308	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
309	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
310	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
311	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
312	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
313	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
314	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
315	pt_p(k+kb,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i)
316	ENDDO
317	ENDDO
318	ENDIF
319
320	!
321	!-- Temperature at top boundary
322	IF ( ibc_pt_t == 0 ) THEN
323	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt(nzt+1,:,:)
324	!
325	!-- In case of nudging adjust top boundary to pt which is
326	!-- read in from NUDGING-DATA
327	IF ( nudging ) THEN
328	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_init(nzt+1)
329	ENDIF
330	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_t == 1 ) THEN
331	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_p(nzt,:,:)
332	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_t == 2 ) THEN
333	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_pt_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
334	ENDIF
335
336	!
337	!-- Boundary conditions for TKE.
338	!-- Generally Neumann conditions with de/dz=0 are assumed.
339	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
340
341	IF ( .NOT. rans_tke_e ) THEN
342	DO l = 0, 1
343	!
344	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
345	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
346	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
347	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
348	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
349	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
350	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
351	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
352	e_p(k+kb,j,i) = e_p(k,j,i)
353	ENDDO
354	ENDDO
355	ELSE
356	!
357	!-- Use wall function within constant-flux layer
358	!-- Upward-facing surfaces
359	!-- Default surfaces
360	DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns
361	i = surf_def_h(0)%i(m)
362	j = surf_def_h(0)%j(m)
363	k = surf_def_h(0)%k(m)
364	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_def_h(0)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
365	ENDDO
366	!
367	!-- Natural surfaces
368	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns
369	i = surf_lsm_h%i(m)
370	j = surf_lsm_h%j(m)
371	k = surf_lsm_h%k(m)
372	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_lsm_h%us(m) / c_0 )**2
373	ENDDO
374	!
375	!-- Urban surfaces
376	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
377	i = surf_usm_h%i(m)
378	j = surf_usm_h%j(m)
379	k = surf_usm_h%k(m)
380	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_usm_h%us(m) / c_0 )**2
381	ENDDO
382	!
383	!-- Vertical surfaces
384	DO l = 0, 3
385	!
386	!-- Default surfaces
387	DO m = 1, surf_def_v(l)%ns
388	i = surf_def_v(l)%i(m)
389	j = surf_def_v(l)%j(m)
390	k = surf_def_v(l)%k(m)
391	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_def_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
392	ENDDO
393	!
394	!-- Natural surfaces
395	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
396	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
397	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
398	k = surf_lsm_v(l)%k(m)
399	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_lsm_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
400	ENDDO
401	!
402	!-- Urban surfaces
403	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
404	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m)
405	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m)
406	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m)
407	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_usm_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
408	ENDDO
409	ENDDO
410	ENDIF
411
412	IF ( .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
413	e_p(nzt+1,:,:) = e_p(nzt,:,:)
414	!
415	!-- Nesting case: if parent operates in RANS mode and child in LES mode,
416	!-- no TKE is transfered. This case, set Neumann conditions at lateral and
417	!-- top child boundaries.
418	!-- If not ( both either in RANS or in LES mode ), TKE boundary condition
419	!-- is treated in the nesting.
420	ELSE
421
422	IF ( rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
423
424	e_p(nzt+1,:,:) = e_p(nzt,:,:)
425	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
426	IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
427	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
428	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
429
430	ENDIF
431	ENDIF
432	ENDIF
433
434	!
435	!-- Boundary conditions for TKE dissipation rate.
436	IF ( rans_tke_e ) THEN
437	!
438	!-- Use wall function within constant-flux layer
439	!-- Upward-facing surfaces
440	!-- Default surfaces
441	DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns
442	i = surf_def_h(0)%i(m)
443	j = surf_def_h(0)%j(m)
444	k = surf_def_h(0)%k(m)
445	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_def_h(0)%us(m)**3 &
446	/ ( kappa * surf_def_h(0)%z_mo(m) )
447	ENDDO
448	!
449	!-- Natural surfaces
450	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns
451	i = surf_lsm_h%i(m)
452	j = surf_lsm_h%j(m)
453	k = surf_lsm_h%k(m)
454	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_lsm_h%us(m)**3 &
455	/ ( kappa * surf_lsm_h%z_mo(m) )
456	ENDDO
457	!
458	!-- Urban surfaces
459	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
460	i = surf_usm_h%i(m)
461	j = surf_usm_h%j(m)
462	k = surf_usm_h%k(m)
463	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_usm_h%us(m)**3 &
464	/ ( kappa * surf_usm_h%z_mo(m) )
465	ENDDO
466	!
467	!-- Vertical surfaces
468	DO l = 0, 3
469	!
470	!-- Default surfaces
471	DO m = 1, surf_def_v(l)%ns
472	i = surf_def_v(l)%i(m)
473	j = surf_def_v(l)%j(m)
474	k = surf_def_v(l)%k(m)
475	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_def_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
476	/ ( kappa * surf_def_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
477	ENDDO
478	!
479	!-- Natural surfaces
480	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
481	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
482	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
483	k = surf_lsm_v(l)%k(m)
484	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_lsm_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
485	/ ( kappa * surf_lsm_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
486	ENDDO
487	!
488	!-- Urban surfaces
489	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
490	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m)
491	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m)
492	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m)
493	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_usm_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
494	/ ( kappa * surf_usm_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
495	ENDDO
496	ENDDO
497	!
498	!-- Limit change of diss to be between -90% and +100%. Also, set an absolute
499	!-- minimum value
500	DO i = nxl, nxr
501	DO j = nys, nyn
502	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
503	diss_p(k,j,i) = MAX( MIN( diss_p(k,j,i), &
504	2.0_wp * diss(k,j,i) ), &
505	0.1_wp * diss(k,j,i), &
506	0.0001_wp )
507	ENDDO
508	ENDDO
509	ENDDO
510
511	IF ( .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
512	diss_p(nzt+1,:,:) = diss_p(nzt,:,:)
513	ENDIF
514	ENDIF
515
516	!
517	!-- Boundary conditions for salinity
518	IF ( ocean ) THEN
519	!
520	!-- Bottom boundary: Neumann condition because salinity flux is always
521	!-- given.
522	DO l = 0, 1
523	!
524	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
525	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
526	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
527	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
528	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
529	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
530	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
531	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
532	sa_p(k+kb,j,i) = sa_p(k,j,i)
533	ENDDO
534	ENDDO
535	!
536	!-- Top boundary: Dirichlet or Neumann
537	IF ( ibc_sa_t == 0 ) THEN
538	sa_p(nzt+1,:,:) = sa(nzt+1,:,:)
539	ELSEIF ( ibc_sa_t == 1 ) THEN
540	sa_p(nzt+1,:,:) = sa_p(nzt,:,:)
541	ENDIF
542
543	ENDIF
544
545	!
546	!-- Boundary conditions for total water content,
547	!-- bottom and top boundary (see also temperature)
548	IF ( humidity ) THEN
549	!
550	!-- Surface conditions for constant_humidity_flux
551	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
552	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
553	!-- q_p at k-1
554	IF ( ibc_q_b == 0 ) THEN
555
556	DO l = 0, 1
557	!
558	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
559	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
560	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
561	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
562	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
563	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
564	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
565	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
566	q_p(k+kb,j,i) = q(k+kb,j,i)
567	ENDDO
568	ENDDO
569
570	ELSE
571
572	DO l = 0, 1
573	!
574	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
575	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
576	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
577	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
578	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
579	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
580	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
581	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
582	q_p(k+kb,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i)
583	ENDDO
584	ENDDO
585	ENDIF
586	!
587	!-- Top boundary
588	IF ( ibc_q_t == 0 ) THEN
589	q_p(nzt+1,:,:) = q(nzt+1,:,:)
590	ELSEIF ( ibc_q_t == 1 ) THEN
591	q_p(nzt+1,:,:) = q_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_q_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
592	ENDIF
593
594	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
595	!
596	!-- Surface conditions cloud water (Dirichlet)
597	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
598	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
599	!-- qr_p and nr_p at k-1
600	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
601	DO m = 1, bc_h(0)%ns
602	i = bc_h(0)%i(m)
603	j = bc_h(0)%j(m)
604	k = bc_h(0)%k(m)
605	qc_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
606	nc_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
607	ENDDO
608	!
609	!-- Top boundary condition for cloud water (Dirichlet)
610	qc_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
611	nc_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
612
613	ENDIF
614
615	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
616	!
617	!-- Surface conditions rain water (Dirichlet)
618	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
619	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
620	!-- qr_p and nr_p at k-1
621	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
622	DO m = 1, bc_h(0)%ns
623	i = bc_h(0)%i(m)
624	j = bc_h(0)%j(m)
625	k = bc_h(0)%k(m)
626	qr_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
627	nr_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
628	ENDDO
629	!
630	!-- Top boundary condition for rain water (Dirichlet)
631	qr_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
632	nr_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
633
634	ENDIF
635	ENDIF
636	!
637	!-- Boundary conditions for scalar,
638	!-- bottom and top boundary (see also temperature)
639	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
640	!
641	!-- Surface conditions for constant_humidity_flux
642	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
643	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
644	!-- s_p at k-1
645	IF ( ibc_s_b == 0 ) THEN
646
647	DO l = 0, 1
648	!
649	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
650	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
651	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
652	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
653	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
654	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
655	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
656	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
657	s_p(k+kb,j,i) = s(k+kb,j,i)
658	ENDDO
659	ENDDO
660
661	ELSE
662
663	DO l = 0, 1
664	!
665	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
666	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
667	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
668	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
669	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
670	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
671	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
672	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
673	s_p(k+kb,j,i) = s_p(k,j,i)
674	ENDDO
675	ENDDO
676	ENDIF
677	!
678	!-- Top boundary condition
679	IF ( ibc_s_t == 0 ) THEN
680	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s(nzt+1,:,:)
681	ELSEIF ( ibc_s_t == 1 ) THEN
682	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s_p(nzt,:,:)
683	ELSEIF ( ibc_s_t == 2 ) THEN
684	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_s_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
685	ENDIF
686
687	ENDIF
688	!
689	!-- Top/bottom boundary conditions for chemical species
690	IF ( air_chemistry ) CALL chem_boundary_conds( 'set_bc_bottomtop' )
691	!
692	!-- In case of inflow or nest boundary at the south boundary the boundary for v
693	!-- is at nys and in case of inflow or nest boundary at the left boundary the
694	!-- boundary for u is at nxl. Since in prognostic_equations (cache optimized
695	!-- version) these levels are handled as a prognostic level, boundary values
696	!-- have to be restored here.
697	!-- For the SGS-TKE, Neumann boundary conditions are used at the inflow.
698	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
699	v_p(:,nys,:) = v_p(:,nys-1,:)
700	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
701	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) THEN
702	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
703	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
704	u_p(:,:,nxl) = u_p(:,:,nxl-1)
705	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
706	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
707	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
708	ENDIF
709
710	!
711	!-- The same restoration for u at i=nxl and v at j=nys as above must be made
712	!-- in case of nest boundaries. This must not be done in case of vertical nesting
713	!-- mode as in that case the lateral boundaries are actually cyclic.
714	!-- @todo: Is this really needed? Boundary values will be overwritten in
715	!-- coupler or by Inifor data.
716	IF ( nesting_mode /= 'vertical' .OR. nesting_offline ) THEN
717	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
718	v_p(:,nys,:) = v_p(:,nys-1,:)
719	ENDIF
720	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
721	u_p(:,:,nxl) = u_p(:,:,nxl-1)
722	ENDIF
723	ENDIF
724
725	!
726	!-- Lateral boundary conditions for scalar quantities at the outflow
727	IF ( bc_radiation_s ) THEN
728	pt_p(:,nys-1,:) = pt_p(:,nys,:)
729	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
730	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,nys-1,:) = diss_p(:,nys,:)
731	IF ( humidity ) THEN
732	q_p(:,nys-1,:) = q_p(:,nys,:)
733	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
734	qc_p(:,nys-1,:) = qc_p(:,nys,:)
735	nc_p(:,nys-1,:) = nc_p(:,nys,:)
736	ENDIF
737	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
738	qr_p(:,nys-1,:) = qr_p(:,nys,:)
739	nr_p(:,nys-1,:) = nr_p(:,nys,:)
740	ENDIF
741	ENDIF
742	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,nys-1,:) = s_p(:,nys,:)
743	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_n ) THEN
744	pt_p(:,nyn+1,:) = pt_p(:,nyn,:)
745	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
746	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,nyn+1,:) = diss_p(:,nyn,:)
747	IF ( humidity ) THEN
748	q_p(:,nyn+1,:) = q_p(:,nyn,:)
749	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
750	qc_p(:,nyn+1,:) = qc_p(:,nyn,:)
751	nc_p(:,nyn+1,:) = nc_p(:,nyn,:)
752	ENDIF
753	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
754	qr_p(:,nyn+1,:) = qr_p(:,nyn,:)
755	nr_p(:,nyn+1,:) = nr_p(:,nyn,:)
756	ENDIF
757	ENDIF
758	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,nyn+1,:) = s_p(:,nyn,:)
759	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_l ) THEN
760	pt_p(:,:,nxl-1) = pt_p(:,:,nxl)
761	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
762	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,:,nxl-1) = diss_p(:,:,nxl)
763	IF ( humidity ) THEN
764	q_p(:,:,nxl-1) = q_p(:,:,nxl)
765	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
766	qc_p(:,:,nxl-1) = qc_p(:,:,nxl)
767	nc_p(:,:,nxl-1) = nc_p(:,:,nxl)
768	ENDIF
769	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
770	qr_p(:,:,nxl-1) = qr_p(:,:,nxl)
771	nr_p(:,:,nxl-1) = nr_p(:,:,nxl)
772	ENDIF
773	ENDIF
774	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,:,nxl-1) = s_p(:,:,nxl)
775	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_r ) THEN
776	pt_p(:,:,nxr+1) = pt_p(:,:,nxr)
777	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
778	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,:,nxr+1) = diss_p(:,:,nxr)
779	IF ( humidity ) THEN
780	q_p(:,:,nxr+1) = q_p(:,:,nxr)
781	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
782	qc_p(:,:,nxr+1) = qc_p(:,:,nxr)
783	nc_p(:,:,nxr+1) = nc_p(:,:,nxr)
784	ENDIF
785	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
786	qr_p(:,:,nxr+1) = qr_p(:,:,nxr)
787	nr_p(:,:,nxr+1) = nr_p(:,:,nxr)
788	ENDIF
789	ENDIF
790	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,:,nxr+1) = s_p(:,:,nxr)
791	ENDIF
792
793	!
794	!-- Lateral boundary conditions for chemical species
795	IF ( air_chemistry ) CALL chem_boundary_conds( 'set_bc_lateral' )
796
797	!
798	!-- Radiation boundary conditions for the velocities at the respective outflow.
799	!-- The phase velocity is either assumed to the maximum phase velocity that
800	!-- ensures numerical stability (CFL-condition) or calculated after
801	!-- Orlanski(1976) and averaged along the outflow boundary.
802	IF ( bc_radiation_s ) THEN
803
804	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
805	u_p(:,-1,:) = u(:,0,:)
806	v_p(:,0,:) = v(:,1,:)
807	w_p(:,-1,:) = w(:,0,:)
808	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
809
810	c_max = dy / dt_3d
811
812	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
813	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
814	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
815
816	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
817	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
818	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
819
820	!
821	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
822	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
823	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
824	DO i = nxl, nxr
825
826	denom = u_m_s(k,0,i) - u_m_s(k,1,i)
827
828	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
829	c_u(k,i) = -c_max * ( u(k,0,i) - u_m_s(k,0,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
830	IF ( c_u(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
831	c_u(k,i) = 0.0_wp
832	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
833	c_u(k,i) = c_max
834	ENDIF
835	ELSE
836	c_u(k,i) = c_max
837	ENDIF
838
839	denom = v_m_s(k,1,i) - v_m_s(k,2,i)
840
841	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
842	c_v(k,i) = -c_max * ( v(k,1,i) - v_m_s(k,1,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
843	IF ( c_v(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
844	c_v(k,i) = 0.0_wp
845	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
846	c_v(k,i) = c_max
847	ENDIF
848	ELSE
849	c_v(k,i) = c_max
850	ENDIF
851
852	denom = w_m_s(k,0,i) - w_m_s(k,1,i)
853
854	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
855	c_w(k,i) = -c_max * ( w(k,0,i) - w_m_s(k,0,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
856	IF ( c_w(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
857	c_w(k,i) = 0.0_wp
858	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
859	c_w(k,i) = c_max
860	ENDIF
861	ELSE
862	c_w(k,i) = c_max
863	ENDIF
864
865	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,i)
866	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,i)
867	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,i)
868
869	ENDDO
870	ENDDO
871
872	#if defined( __parallel )
873	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
874	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
875	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
876	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
877	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
878	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
879	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
880	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
881	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
882	#else
883	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
884	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
885	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
886	#endif
887
888	c_u_m = c_u_m / (nx+1)
889	c_v_m = c_v_m / (nx+1)
890	c_w_m = c_w_m / (nx+1)
891
892	!
893	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
894	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
895	u_m_s(:,:,:) = u(:,0:1,:)
896	v_m_s(:,:,:) = v(:,1:2,:)
897	w_m_s(:,:,:) = w(:,0:1,:)
898	ENDIF
899
900	!
901	!-- Calculate the new velocities
902	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
903	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
904	u_p(k,-1,i) = u(k,-1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
905	( u(k,-1,i) - u(k,0,i) ) * ddy
906
907	v_p(k,0,i) = v(k,0,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
908	( v(k,0,i) - v(k,1,i) ) * ddy
909
910	w_p(k,-1,i) = w(k,-1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
911	( w(k,-1,i) - w(k,0,i) ) * ddy
912	ENDDO
913	ENDDO
914
915	!
916	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
917	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
918	u_p(nzb,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
919	v_p(nzb,0,:) = 0.0_wp
920	ELSE
921	u_p(nzb,-1,:) = u_p(nzb+1,-1,:)
922	v_p(nzb,0,:) = v_p(nzb+1,0,:)
923	ENDIF
924	w_p(nzb,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
925
926	!
927	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
928	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
929	u_p(nzt+1,-1,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
930	v_p(nzt+1,0,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
931	ELSE
932	u_p(nzt+1,-1,:) = u_p(nzt,-1,:)
933	v_p(nzt+1,0,:) = v_p(nzt,0,:)
934	ENDIF
935	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
936
937	ENDIF
938
939	ENDIF
940
941	IF ( bc_radiation_n ) THEN
942
943	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
944	u_p(:,ny+1,:) = u(:,ny,:)
945	v_p(:,ny+1,:) = v(:,ny,:)
946	w_p(:,ny+1,:) = w(:,ny,:)
947	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
948
949	c_max = dy / dt_3d
950
951	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
952	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
953	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
954
955	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
956	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
957	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
958
959	!
960	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
961	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
962	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
963	DO i = nxl, nxr
964
965	denom = u_m_n(k,ny,i) - u_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
966
967	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
968	c_u(k,i) = -c_max * ( u(k,ny,i) - u_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
969	IF ( c_u(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
970	c_u(k,i) = 0.0_wp
971	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
972	c_u(k,i) = c_max
973	ENDIF
974	ELSE
975	c_u(k,i) = c_max
976	ENDIF
977
978	denom = v_m_n(k,ny,i) - v_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
979
980	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
981	c_v(k,i) = -c_max * ( v(k,ny,i) - v_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
982	IF ( c_v(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
983	c_v(k,i) = 0.0_wp
984	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
985	c_v(k,i) = c_max
986	ENDIF
987	ELSE
988	c_v(k,i) = c_max
989	ENDIF
990
991	denom = w_m_n(k,ny,i) - w_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
992
993	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
994	c_w(k,i) = -c_max * ( w(k,ny,i) - w_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
995	IF ( c_w(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
996	c_w(k,i) = 0.0_wp
997	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
998	c_w(k,i) = c_max
999	ENDIF
1000	ELSE
1001	c_w(k,i) = c_max
1002	ENDIF
1003
1004	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,i)
1005	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,i)
1006	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,i)
1007
1008	ENDDO
1009	ENDDO
1010
1011	#if defined( __parallel )
1012	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1013	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1014	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1015	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1016	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1017	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1018	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1019	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1020	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1021	#else
1022	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1023	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1024	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1025	#endif
1026
1027	c_u_m = c_u_m / (nx+1)
1028	c_v_m = c_v_m / (nx+1)
1029	c_w_m = c_w_m / (nx+1)
1030
1031	!
1032	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1033	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1034	u_m_n(:,:,:) = u(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1035	v_m_n(:,:,:) = v(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1036	w_m_n(:,:,:) = w(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1037	ENDIF
1038
1039	!
1040	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1041	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1042	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1043	u_p(k,ny+1,i) = u(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1044	( u(k,ny+1,i) - u(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1045
1046	v_p(k,ny+1,i) = v(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1047	( v(k,ny+1,i) - v(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1048
1049	w_p(k,ny+1,i) = w(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1050	( w(k,ny+1,i) - w(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1051	ENDDO
1052	ENDDO
1053
1054	!
1055	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1056	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1057	u_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1058	v_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1059	ELSE
1060	u_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = u_p(nzb+1,ny+1,:)
1061	v_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = v_p(nzb+1,ny+1,:)
1062	ENDIF
1063	w_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1064
1065	!
1066	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1067	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1068	u_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
1069	v_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
1070	ELSE
1071	u_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = u_p(nzt,nyn+1,:)
1072	v_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = v_p(nzt,nyn+1,:)
1073	ENDIF
1074	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1075
1076	ENDIF
1077
1078	ENDIF
1079
1080	IF ( bc_radiation_l ) THEN
1081
1082	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
1083	u_p(:,:,0) = u(:,:,1)
1084	v_p(:,:,-1) = v(:,:,0)
1085	w_p(:,:,-1) = w(:,:,0)
1086	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
1087
1088	c_max = dx / dt_3d
1089
1090	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
1091	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
1092	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
1093
1094	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
1095	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
1096	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
1097
1098	!
1099	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
1100	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
1101	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1102	DO j = nys, nyn
1103
1104	denom = u_m_l(k,j,1) - u_m_l(k,j,2)
1105
1106	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1107	c_u(k,j) = -c_max * ( u(k,j,1) - u_m_l(k,j,1) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1108	IF ( c_u(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1109	c_u(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1110	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1111	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1112	ENDIF
1113	ELSE
1114	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1115	ENDIF
1116
1117	denom = v_m_l(k,j,0) - v_m_l(k,j,1)
1118
1119	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1120	c_v(k,j) = -c_max * ( v(k,j,0) - v_m_l(k,j,0) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1121	IF ( c_v(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1122	c_v(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1123	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1124	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1125	ENDIF
1126	ELSE
1127	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1128	ENDIF
1129
1130	denom = w_m_l(k,j,0) - w_m_l(k,j,1)
1131
1132	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1133	c_w(k,j) = -c_max * ( w(k,j,0) - w_m_l(k,j,0) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1134	IF ( c_w(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1135	c_w(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1136	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1137	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1138	ENDIF
1139	ELSE
1140	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1141	ENDIF
1142
1143	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,j)
1144	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,j)
1145	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,j)
1146
1147	ENDDO
1148	ENDDO
1149
1150	#if defined( __parallel )
1151	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1152	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1153	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1154	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1155	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1156	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1157	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1158	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1159	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1160	#else
1161	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1162	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1163	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1164	#endif
1165
1166	c_u_m = c_u_m / (ny+1)
1167	c_v_m = c_v_m / (ny+1)
1168	c_w_m = c_w_m / (ny+1)
1169
1170	!
1171	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1172	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1173	u_m_l(:,:,:) = u(:,:,1:2)
1174	v_m_l(:,:,:) = v(:,:,0:1)
1175	w_m_l(:,:,:) = w(:,:,0:1)
1176	ENDIF
1177
1178	!
1179	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1180	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1181	DO j = nysg, nyng
1182	u_p(k,j,0) = u(k,j,0) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1183	( u(k,j,0) - u(k,j,1) ) * ddx
1184
1185	v_p(k,j,-1) = v(k,j,-1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1186	( v(k,j,-1) - v(k,j,0) ) * ddx
1187
1188	w_p(k,j,-1) = w(k,j,-1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1189	( w(k,j,-1) - w(k,j,0) ) * ddx
1190	ENDDO
1191	ENDDO
1192
1193	!
1194	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1195	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1196	u_p(nzb,:,0) = 0.0_wp
1197	v_p(nzb,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1198	ELSE
1199	u_p(nzb,:,0) = u_p(nzb+1,:,0)
1200	v_p(nzb,:,-1) = v_p(nzb+1,:,-1)
1201	ENDIF
1202	w_p(nzb,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1203
1204	!
1205	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1206	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1207	u_p(nzt+1,:,0) = u_init(nzt+1)
1208	v_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = v_init(nzt+1)
1209	ELSE
1210	u_p(nzt+1,:,0) = u_p(nzt,:,0)
1211	v_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = v_p(nzt,:,-1)
1212	ENDIF
1213	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1214
1215	ENDIF
1216
1217	ENDIF
1218
1219	IF ( bc_radiation_r ) THEN
1220
1221	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
1222	u_p(:,:,nx+1) = u(:,:,nx)
1223	v_p(:,:,nx+1) = v(:,:,nx)
1224	w_p(:,:,nx+1) = w(:,:,nx)
1225	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
1226
1227	c_max = dx / dt_3d
1228
1229	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
1230	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
1231	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
1232
1233	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
1234	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
1235	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
1236
1237	!
1238	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
1239	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
1240	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1241	DO j = nys, nyn
1242
1243	denom = u_m_r(k,j,nx) - u_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1244
1245	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1246	c_u(k,j) = -c_max * ( u(k,j,nx) - u_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1247	IF ( c_u(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1248	c_u(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1249	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1250	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1251	ENDIF
1252	ELSE
1253	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1254	ENDIF
1255
1256	denom = v_m_r(k,j,nx) - v_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1257
1258	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1259	c_v(k,j) = -c_max * ( v(k,j,nx) - v_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1260	IF ( c_v(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1261	c_v(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1262	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1263	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1264	ENDIF
1265	ELSE
1266	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1267	ENDIF
1268
1269	denom = w_m_r(k,j,nx) - w_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1270
1271	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1272	c_w(k,j) = -c_max * ( w(k,j,nx) - w_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1273	IF ( c_w(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1274	c_w(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1275	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1276	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1277	ENDIF
1278	ELSE
1279	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1280	ENDIF
1281
1282	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,j)
1283	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,j)
1284	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,j)
1285
1286	ENDDO
1287	ENDDO
1288
1289	#if defined( __parallel )
1290	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1291	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1292	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1293	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1294	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1295	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1296	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1297	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1298	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1299	#else
1300	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1301	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1302	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1303	#endif
1304
1305	c_u_m = c_u_m / (ny+1)
1306	c_v_m = c_v_m / (ny+1)
1307	c_w_m = c_w_m / (ny+1)
1308
1309	!
1310	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1311	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1312	u_m_r(:,:,:) = u(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1313	v_m_r(:,:,:) = v(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1314	w_m_r(:,:,:) = w(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1315	ENDIF
1316
1317	!
1318	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1319	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1320	DO j = nysg, nyng
1321	u_p(k,j,nx+1) = u(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1322	( u(k,j,nx+1) - u(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1323
1324	v_p(k,j,nx+1) = v(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1325	( v(k,j,nx+1) - v(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1326
1327	w_p(k,j,nx+1) = w(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1328	( w(k,j,nx+1) - w(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1329	ENDDO
1330	ENDDO
1331
1332	!
1333	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1334	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1335	u_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1336	v_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1337	ELSE
1338	u_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = u_p(nzb+1,:,nx+1)
1339	v_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = v_p(nzb+1,:,nx+1)
1340	ENDIF
1341	w_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1342
1343	!
1344	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1345	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1346	u_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = u_init(nzt+1)
1347	v_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = v_init(nzt+1)
1348	ELSE
1349	u_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = u_p(nzt,:,nx+1)
1350	v_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = v_p(nzt,:,nx+1)
1351	ENDIF
1352	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1353
1354	ENDIF
1355
1356	ENDIF
1357
1358	END SUBROUTINE boundary_conds

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