== Wind Turbine Model Parameters ==
[[TracNav(doc/app/partoc|nocollapse)]]
==== [#general All Parameterisations] ====
==== [#ADMR ADM-R] ====

\\\\\\\\
Input files for the NREL 5 MW and 15 MW Reference Wind Turbines can be found at https://palm.muk.uni-hannover.de/trac/browser/palm/trunk/DATA\\\\
'''The influence of the nacelle on the flow is currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC cluster (Oldenburg) ''' 

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'''NAMELIST group name: wind_turbine_parameters''' \\\\

||='''Parameter Name'''  =||='''[../fortrantypes FORTRAN Type]'''  =||='''Default Value'''  =||='''Explanation'''  =||
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#air_density '''air_density''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
1.225
}}}
{{{#!td
The air density (in kg/m^3^) is necessary to convert the aerodynamic torque of the rotor into a power (in W).
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#dt_data_output_wtm '''dt_data_output_wtm''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Output interval (s) for NetCDF data. this parameter does not affect the deprecated ASCII data output that is written at each time step. With the default value 0.0 data will be output every time step.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#gear_efficiency '''gear_efficiency''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
1.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Efficiency of the gear: Loss between rotor and generator.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#gear_ratio '''gear_ratio''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
97.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Gear ratio from rotor to generator.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#generator_efficiency '''generator_efficiency''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.944
}}}
{{{#!td
Electric efficiency of the generator.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#generator_inertia '''generator_inertia''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
534.116
}}}
{{{#!td
Inertia of the generator (in kg m^2^).
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#generator_power_rated '''generator_power_rated''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
5296610.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Rated mechanical power of the wind turbine (in W). \\\\
This parameter is specified once for all turbines, it is required for the pitch control.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#generator_speed_rated '''generator_speed_rated''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
121.6805
}}}
{{{#!td
Rated generator speed (in rad/s).
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#generator_torque_max '''generator_torque_max''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
47402.91
}}}
{{{#!td
Maximum Torque of the generator (in Nm). \\\\
Should be set to a value of 10% above rated.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#generator_torque_rate_max '''generator_torque_rate_max''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
15000.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Maximum generator torque rate (in Nm/s). \\\\
The maximum rate at which the generator torque can be increased to avoid overloading.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#hub_x '''hub_x''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R(100)
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
9999999.9 
}}}
{{{#!td
Longitudinal position of the rotor center (in m). This parameter needs to be specified for each turbine.\\\\
Example: 
   ''' hub_x ''' = '' 1000.0, 1500.0, 2000.0, ''
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#hub_y '''hub_y''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R(100)
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
9999999.9 
}}}
{{{#!td
Lateral position of the rotor center (in m). This parameter needs to be specified for each turbine.\\\\
Example: 
   ''' hub_y ''' = '' 400.0, 400.0, 800.0, ''
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#hub_z '''hub_z''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R(100)
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
9999999.9 
}}}
{{{#!td
Vertical position of the rotor center (in m). This parameter needs to be specified for each turbine. This represents the hub height of the turbine.\\\\
Example: 
   ''' hub_z ''' = '' 90.0, 90.0, 90.0, ''
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#n_airfoils '''n_airfoils''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
I
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
8
}}}
{{{#!td
Number of airfoils of the used turbine model. \\\\
The airfoil data should be provided in the additional input file ''run_name''_wtm.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#n_turbines '''n_turbines''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
I
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
1
}}}
{{{#!td
Number of the turbines to be included. \\\\
Maximum is 100.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#nacelle_cd '''nacelle_cd''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R(100)
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.85
}}}
{{{#!td
Drag coefficient for each nacelle.\\\\
This parameter needs to be specified for each turbine.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#nacelle_radius '''nacelle_radius''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R(100)
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
1.5
}}}
{{{#!td
Radius of the nacelle for each turbine (in m). This parameter has to be non-zero if the nacelle should be included. The parameter needs to be specified for each turbine.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#pitch_angle '''pitch_angle''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R(100)
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Pitch angle for a constant pitch angle (in degrees). \\\\
The value is used when [#pitch_control pitch_control] = .F.. This parameter needs to be specified for each turbine.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#pitch_control '''pitch_control''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
L
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
.F.
}}}
{{{#!td
Parameter to switch on the pitch control. \\\\
The pitch control controls the pitch angle to yield constant power for wind speeds greater than rated wind speed. The parameter [#generator_power_rated generator_power_rated] is used here.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#pitch_rate '''pitch_rate''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
8.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Maximum pitch rate (in degree/s).
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#region_15_min '''region_15_min''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
70.16224
}}}
{{{#!td
Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 (in rad/s). \\\\
Region 1.5 is a transition region between region 1 and 2, region 1 is before cut-in wind speed, the wind is used to accelerate the rotor, no power is produced. Region 1.5 is a start-up region and represents the lower limit of the generator speed therefore limiting the operational speed range of the wind turbine. (Jonkman et al. 2009: Technical Report NREL/TP-500-38060, doi:10.2172/947422).
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#region_2_min '''region_2_min''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
91.21091
}}}
{{{#!td
Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 (in rad/s). (Jonkman et al. 2009: Technical Report NREL/TP-500-38060, doi:10.2172/947422).
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#region_2_slope '''region_2_slope''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
2.332287
}}}
{{{#!td
Slope constant for region 2. \\\\
In region 2 a constant tip speed ratio is maintained to optimize the power capture. In this region the generator torque is proportional to the square of the filtered generator speed. (Jonkman et al. 2009: Technical Report NREL/TP-500-38060, doi:10.2172/947422).
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#rotor_inertia '''rotor_inertia''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
34784179.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Inertia of the rotor (in kg m^2).
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#rotor_radius '''rotor_radius''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R(100)
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
63.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Radius of the rotor (in m). This parameter needs to be specified for each turbine. \\\\
Example: 
   ''' rotor_radius ''' = '' 63.0, 63.0, 63.0, ''
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#rotor_speed '''rotor_speed''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R(100)
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.9
}}}
{{{#!td
Initial rotational speed for each turbine (in rad s^-1^).\\\\
This parameter needs to be specified for each turbine.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#segment_length_tangential '''segment_length_tangential''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
1.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Length of each rotor segment the rotor area is divided into, in tangential direction, as factor of the minimum grid spacing (MIN(dx,dy,dz)). The default value is 1.0, in that case the tangential length of each segment is one grid spacing.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#segment_width_radial '''segment_width_radial''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.5
}}}
{{{#!td
Length of each rotor segment the rotor area is divided into, in radial direction, as factor of the minimum grid spacing (MIN(dx,dy,dz)). The default value is 0.5, in that case the segments would have the width of half a grid spacing.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#speed_control '''speed_control''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
L
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
.F.
}}}
{{{#!td
Parameter to switch on the speed control. \\\\
The speed control controls the rotational speed of the turbine for wind speeds less than rated wind speed.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#smearing_kernel_size '''smearing_kernel_size''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
2.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Size of the smearing kernel given as multiples of the grid spacing [#dx dx].\\\\
For details refer to https://palm.muk.uni-hannover.de/trac/wiki/doc/tec/wtm \\\\
A large smearing kernel results in a too high tip speed ratio and power output. For coarse grid spacings (e.g. 12 grid points per rotor diameter) the power overestimation can be as large as 25 %. This error can be reduced by setting the smearing_kernel_size to 1. Do not use values below 1, because the number of grid cells inside the smearing kernel becomes very small (<10). In this case the sum of the body forces acting on the flow may be lower than the force acting on the rotor blade.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#tilt_angle '''tilt_angle''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Tilt angle of the rotor plane (in degrees). \\\\
A positive angle means the bottom of the rotor plane is tilted away from the tower in order to avoid the blades hitting the tower. This parameter is specified once for all included turbines.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#time_turbine_on '''time_turbine_on''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Simulation time at which the turbines are switched on.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#tip_loss_correction '''tip_loss_correction''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
L
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
.F.
}}}
{{{#!td
Parameter to switch on the tip loss correction.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#tower_cd '''tower_cd''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R(100)
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
1.2
}}}
{{{#!td
Drag coefficient for each tower.\\\\
This parameter needs to be specified for each turbine.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#tower_diameter '''tower_diameter''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R(100)
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
4.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Diameter of the tower of the wind turbine used below the rotor. This parameter has to be non-zero if a tower should be included. The parameter needs to be specified for every turbine separately.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#yaw_angle '''yaw_angle''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R(100)
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.0
}}}
{{{#!td
Yaw angle for each turbine in degrees.\\\\
A positive yaw means a rotation of the rotor in clockwise direction within the xy-plane. A yaw angle equal to 0 means facing west.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#yaw_control '''yaw_control''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
L
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
.F.
}}}
{{{#!td
Parameter to switch on the yaw controller.
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#yaw_misalignment_max '''yaw_misalignment_max''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.08726
}}}
{{{#!td
Maximum tolerated yaw misalignment (in rad).
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#yaw_misalignment_min '''yaw_misalignment_min''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.008726
}}}
{{{#!td
Minimum yaw misalignment for which the actuator stops (in rad).
}}}
|----------------
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 150px"
[=#yaw_speed '''yaw_speed''']
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 50px"
R
}}}
{{{#!td style="vertical-align:top; width: 75px"
0.005236
}}}
{{{#!td
Speed of the yaw actuator (in rad/s).
}}}
|----------------